Evening Star Newspaper, September 25, 1924, Page 6

TEE EVENING Wih Sunday Morning ¥ STAR i ition. 3 WASHINGTON, D. C. WBSDAY. .September 25, 1924 — JTHEODORE W. NOYES 'The Evening Star Newspaper Company Mnatoses Office. 11¢h St. and Pennsylvania Ave e New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Ofier: Tower Boilding. an Office: 16 Regent St. London, England. The Ervening Star. with the Sunday morning offtiem, i delivered by carriers within the ety af 60 cents per month: daily only, 43 cents per month: Sunday only, 20 cenis’ per month. Orders ma; sent by mail or tele- prore Main 5000. Collection is made by car- riers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. o Maryland and Virginia. “ Paily and Sunday. 1 yr., $8.40;1 mo., 70¢ Draily on g Sunday onl All Other States. *aily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00:1 mo,, §5¢ Dally only . T, $7.00;1m Sunday onl; $3.00:1m Member of the Amsociated Preas. The Associated Press is exclusively entitied to the ‘use for republication of all news dis- credited to it or not otherwise credited is paper and also the iocal mews pub. i Rerein. All rights of publication of special dispatches hered 1so reserved. “Get Out the Vote!" During the next five and a half| weeks intensive efforts will be made Ly various organizations of cltizens men and wom as well as by the umpaign managers of the three to increase the number of| ers on election day. The cry “Get the vote,” is not this year espe- lly partisan. It is & movement to| cure a fuller expression of public| will at the pol the selection of + President and Vice President and of Congress, as a measure of better citi- zenship and better government. This movement was started some ime ago by the American Association Manufacturers, whose members plrdged themselves to strive through campaign to increase the number voters. Other organizations fol- luwed suit on a non-partisan basis, ©nd now throughout the country this work is under way with the hope that the largest percentage of qualified votes will be cast in the history of the country in November. In the 1920 election 26,708,176 peo- ple voted, or little more than half of the estimated qualified voters in this Yeountry. This was by far the zreatest number and the largest percentage of votes ever cast in a presidential election, due in large measure to the enfranchisement of the women by the nineteenth amend- ‘ment. That amendment, however, was adopted so shortly before the elec- tion that it did not have as large an aifect in increasing the popular vote @s would have been the case with a vear of preparation by the women previously denied the vote in most of ‘the States. There is no reason this year for any slackness in the exercise of the franchise by that class of voters on the score of unreadiness or ignorance of the new qualification. Various polls that have been con- ducted recently have shown a large purcentage of people expressing pref- erence and intention to vote who have mot voted previously. Whether this is due to the third party candidacy or to the ceneral arousing of the public to the duty of exercising the franchise 8 not to be determined. Tt is cvident, Bowever, if these polls are an ac- eurate indication, that there will be a largc number of “new votes” cast in November. This factor is causing @me uncertainty in the estimates of eampaign managers. Steadily from the beginning of in- drpendent government in this coun- try the number of people participat- ing in the choice of executives and legislators has increased actually and proportionately. Liberalization of the franchise has admitted an increasing body of citizens to the polls. The more thorough organization of polit- ical parties has tended to bring out non-voters. Now comes the non- partisan movement inspired by a _belief that only through the maximum of participation in elections by citi zéns can truly representative gov- ernment be assured. There is thus| ry indication that the total vote year will pass far beyond the point of 1920 and go probably well over 30,000,000. Even at that, how- sever, there will still remain a large *percentage of Americans qualified to vote who will absent themselves from the polls. And in addition there will remain the disfranchised Americans of the District of Columbi ———— Arrangements have been made for Mr. La Follette to make his trip in a “private car. Even the most econom- leal of campaigners cannot be ex- pected to ride in a smoker and sleep with his head propped on a suit case. N » Rejoicing by the farmers over their Prosperity is bound to be tempered by & suspicion that they had not the ck of the speculators in making the “most of it. —_——————— ¢China indulges in war with the ‘Philosophic calm of a country that has more man power than it knows ‘what to do with. The Last Four Games. Back from the West come the leagueleading Nationals, and back also come the close-trailing Yankees, “wo games behind. Two up and four > play, as they say in golf! Not the kigher but the lower mathematics “wiay be applied to this problem. It is a simple one. If Washington wins three games in Boston, all is over but the world series at the Capital. If ‘Washington wins only two and loses ftwo while New York is winning all four in Philadelphia, the two teams gave tied and must play off the tie in 2 series of three games. It ‘Washington loses three while New Yeork is winning three, the pennant stays in Gotham. So good is the _chance of the Nationals that last night after the two teams had! played their last respective games in tne West the odds on the Nationals a2 New York City stood 4 to 1, with 20 takers. , 'This day of rest is really necessary to )t Washington get it breath. S Washington of the spiked shoes bats, but the stayat- n, the reoting in of - ) Washington, the scoreboard-watching ‘Washington. For days past local at- tention has been focussed upon this wonderful race. Every play has been discussed, every error has been be- wailed, every hit has becn cheered, every run has been the cause of great rejoicing. Now for a brief spell those who are faithful believers in the home team—and who now is not? —will have a chance to look ahcad and figure on the world series. Not for many years has such a situation been presented in major league base ball, with the results in the two leagues uncertain at this time of the season. The American League pacemakers have a twogame lead, with four to play, and the National League leaders are one game ahead of their nearest rival with four games and two to play respectively. Yet opinion favors a National-Giants con- test beginning October 4 in this city. So confident is the local manage- ment that it has been for some days past spending money heavily in prep- aration for the world serfes, and has even printed the tickets. Those tickets! = The memory of man runneth not to the poimt of so great a demand for pasteboards for any event in the history of the Capi- tal. Influence and intrigue are at work to secure them. In a few days, when the decision is deflnite and the tickets will appear, those who have them can probably be recognized on the street by their expressions of pride, while the unfortunates will wear marks of sorrow upon their countenances. ———— Bryan to Pay a Visit. According to a story that has come from Chicago, Gov. Charles W, Bryun of Nebraska will pay a visit tomorrow to the Democratic Western head- quarters in that city, for the purpose, it is officially announced, of “inspect- ing headquarters and watching the wheels go round.” But it is intimated that he will be more than an observer while in Chicago, that he will in fact be asked some very searching ques- tions regarding his part in the cam- paign, which has now run two-thirds of the way from nomination to elec- tion day. It would scem that some doubt has been bred in the minds of Democratic campaign managers regarding the zeal of Gov. Bryan for the success of the entire Democratic ticket. From the outset the possibility of his elec- tion to the presidency by the vote of the Senate has been a subject of keen public concern and much discussion. Indeed, that possibility has been one of the arguments of the Republican management for the choice of Coolidge and Dawes by the electoral college. Now it is hinted that Gov. Bryan, by perhaps the advice and aid of Brother ‘William, bas been unduly friendly with the La Follette organization for the sake of securing, in the event of an electoral blockade, the support of La Follette votes in the Senate. ‘There is a feeling at Democratic headquarters that Gov. Bryan w. selected as a vice presidential candi: date as a means of electing Mr. Davis President and not himself. The vice presidential candidate is, of course, presumed to be a 100 per cent worker for the success of his entire ticket. He is supposed to have no ambitions but to enter the vice presidency and to serve in that office during the four years of the elective term. Unless Gov. Bryan has been greatly belied by the reports that reached official ears in Chicago, he has not been entirely true to this as-! sumption of unselfish devotion to the head of the ticket. He has certainly not cut much of a figure in the cam- paign. That may have been the wish and design of the democratic man- agement, but it would seem from these late reports from Chicago that he was at least expected to keep in close touch with the campaign man- agement and not to ignore head- quarters entirely or to leave unan- swered inquiries and other communi- cations from his ticket companion. So when Gov. Bryan sees the “‘wheels go round” at Chicago head- quarters tomorrow he may find them to be somewhat of a buzz-saw kind. ———————————— Not only is a suggestion for a monument to base ball in order, but there is a growing sentiment to the effect that Washington, D. C,, is the logical site for it. et ————— Communism continues to have a few people vaguely interested in it in| spite of the fact that no nation that has tried it has ever liked it. e ———— Anybody who doubts that John W.| Davis rapidly improves on acquaint- | ance has only to ask brother W. J. Bryan. The Home Team. The official flag of the District of Columbia—if there is one—may be run up to the top of the staff and flown | from a hundred thousand housetops and more windows when the valiant, perhaps the conquering, team comes marching home. The Capital has given triumphal honors to generals, admirals and Presidents who have never swatted a three-sacker with the bases full. We have lined the streets in token of our interest in kings and princes who never made a winning rally in the ninth when the score was three to nothing in favor of the enemy. We have done homage to statesmen|The man who takes any ex who have never made the name of ‘Washington honored and feared on foreign fields in New York, Detroit, Cleveland, St. Louis, Chicago and Philadelphia. We have given ban- quets and the city's key to men who have not made the letter “W” on a white uniform a horrific symbol to the Yanks, Tygers, Indians, Browns and all the other cohorts of the swat and run. The Star has said: “Commissioners Rudolph, Oyster and Bell laid aside municipal duties and held a special board meeting at which they ap- pointed a citizens’ committee to ar- range for the homecoming of what appears likely to be Washington's first pennant-winning ball team.” This citizens' committee is appointed not to rouse our people to the pin- nacle—or something like that—of en- thusiasm, but to keep our people in bounds when the band of hard-hit- | the Marine Band, the Army Band, the have | ting, circus-catching, fleet-runningand team-playing heroes strikes the old home town. This public reception to Buck, ‘Walter, Mac, S8am, Goose, Joe, Roger, Muddy, Zach, Firpo, George, Ossie, Reds, et al., is to be “‘some” reception. ‘When the triumphal train rolls into Union Station Maj. Dan and his le- glons in blue will be on hand to keep the populace from lifting the train from the track and bearing it on proud shoulders through the streets. ‘When the ten-hundred-thousand crowd on Union Station Plaza cuts loose it will make the sirens of the Fire De- partment sound like a tin whistle. Let the ceremonies of reception go forward! When the home team comes back those of us who cannot find standing room on the plaza will crowd the streets and help make the return of Stanley and his braves a triumphal | entry which fans will read about for 700 years. Though the census popu- lation of the District is only 473,321, we will turn out a million strong, and Navy Band and all the bands will blow and beat “The Conquering Hero Comes" until the brass horns grow hoarse and the drums’ sheepskins split. o Road Hogging. A Washington motorist has been arrested on a warrant from Prince Gieorge County, Md., on a charge of assault with intent to kill. Tt is al leged that he drove his motor car | on a Maryland road in such a manner as to block another motorist from passing, and finally caused a fender | of the other machine to be broken. The case will be tried st Marlboro, and it is expected that it will afford a test of the right of a motorist to a free passage around a machine mov- ing in the same direction on a public highway, and the obligation of the driver who is passed to give way and make room. ‘The practice of keeping out toward or into the middle of the road, vield- ing only for opposing traffic, is not common, but this happens often enough to give rise to much danger | and great inconvenience and annoy- | ance. A driver who so handles his car is violating the primary rule of the road. which aliots to him only the right-hand half of a two-car high- way and the righthand side of that halt on a wider space. In other | words, a driver should keep strictly on the righthand side of the road, | whatever the width. If for the avoid- ance of ruts, bumps and obstructions he steers into the middle of the road, he must drop back whenever a driver approaching from behind indicates that he wishes to pass. The “road hog” is not only a nuisance but a menace. He causes accidents. He irritates all who fol- low him. If the facts in this Mary- land case are as described, and the magistrate administers a penalty, it| will be demonstrated that the law at least of that State does not tolerate | this practice, and that those who pursue it are subject to arrest and punishment. This should make for | better mannercd and safer driving around Washington. e e —————— ! Various communities are contribut-| ing stories of crimes to print. None of | them has as yet proved a competitor | in sensational horror to the Loeb-| Leopold case, which may have served some slight purpose of benefit in at-| taining the climax of atrocity and| leaving no further patience with fan-| tastic appeals to distorted sentiment. ——————————— The plea of youth in extenuation should make it clear that while youth is the time to serve the Lord it is also the time to commit crime ‘with hope of getting away with it. —_————— There are intimations of a wish in | New York to get this election over | with, 0 as to give Gov. Al Smith a | chance to start his 1928 presidential | campaign. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Turn Coat. When a lady politician comes a- tapping at your gate And requests that you will state Your most favored candidate, You inquire, “What's your position?” And her answer frank and free, Whatever it may be Bids you instantly agree; Till another politician, feminine and very smart, With the other cause at heart, Tells with most convincing art Of our Natjonal Condition; before she's half way through You exclaim, “Your words are true!”— So, what shall a voter do! Benefit. “Do you feel that your speech- making tour was of any real benefit to you?” “Well,” answered Senator Sorghum thoughtfully, “I got a good deal of valuable exercise out of the hand- shaking.” and Jud Tunkins says a good many of us think we are getting out of our troubles when we are merely getting into a new kind. The Non-Professional Element. se Not to vote, but remarks, “What's the use Is largey to blame 1f this wonderful game Ot politics goes on the loose. Conscientious Indorsement. “Can you recommend the Gulch's new hotel?” “That depends on your tastes,”| answered Cactus Joe cautiously. “It ain’t much fur board or lodgin’; but it has about the best poker game in the State.” Evolution. If our ancestors lived in a tree, They were wiser than you or than me; For they found economic content And they never paid taxes or rent. “Hope foh de best,” sid Uncle Eben; “but don't go to sleep so's you mightn't see it'if it happens along.” t | been dissatisfied with | page.” | mined to forget Fall, Daugherty and { accidental or designed. Inadequate Faci THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER DISTRICT’S SCHOOL PROBLEM ties for Education of Youth a Re- proach to the National Capital. BY JAMES ARTICLE VIL FEqually as deplorable as the short- age of physical accommodations for the 20,000 of the 67.000 District public school children is the text book situa- tion. There are geographies in use which were published in 1912. There are histories and arithmetics with pages and whole chapters torn out. There are thousands of other books, condemned years ago, which are in & condition of indescribable filth. The inaccurate information in the geogTaphies is nothing short of re- volting to the teachers as well as the parents of the children who are forced to use them. Obsolete to the extreme, these books abound con- spicuously in information and maps of Europe which ceased to be cor- rect years ago. Such books are in the hands today of 13,000 pupils in the fitth, sixth and seventh grades. * % % More than five years have passed since the signing of the armistice, but no idea can be gleaned from the £eozraphies of the great events which shook the world to its foundations or of the changes in national boundaries and colonial possessions wrought by the treaty of Versailles and subse- quent agreements of St. Germaine ang Sevres. These books speak of the German empire and German East Africa, and omit all mention of Jugo- | slavia, Lithuania, Czechoslovakia, I thonia, Latvia or the Irish Free State Besides being antiquated the geo- graphies are badly worn from age and long use and are otherwise in & filthy, insanitary condition. Many pages are either loose or missing. | Those that remain are torn and cov ered with dirty fingermarks of care: less children. * *x % ¥ Some excerpts from these books show precisely what confuses the im- pressionable minds of the children when they begin the study of a| geography lesson. Take the fifth grade children, studying geography for the first time. It must be assumed that they are familiar with some of (e outstanding fundamental changes | in Europe as a result of the World| War. Then they undoubtedly know | something of the upheaval which de- tached Russia from the Western powers. but in the georgraphy text| book given them to study they read: | “Russia in Europe is as large as all the other European countries together, and ths Russian empire,| which includes Siberia and other | lands in Asia, occupics about one- sixth of the land upon the globe.” (Of course, this is no longer a fact) “The nperor, or Czar,” continucs | the book. n absolute monarch ‘whose will alone is law.” In matters | purely local, however, the peasants | have a voice. Those of each locality | meet in mir, or assembly, to discuss the matters of common interest &ndi to elect officers from their number, | somewhat as it is done in town meet- | ings in the United States. “Many of the Russians have long this form of| government, and have demanded that the people be given more power. At last the Czar has allowed the people to clect a national body of repre- sentatives, ealled the Duma. They are, however. able to do little beyond what the rulers allow, and there is| still much complaint.” (What would {some merely free towns. | this year. E. CHINN;: the Bolshevist government do with such books in Russian schools?) * % k% ‘The goography then adds: “Thus far the Russians have not found it Ppossible to obtain possession of Con- stantinople, although they have no doubt felt a yearning in that direc- tion. Why? = They have, however, extended their territory in other di- rections. For example, they have gained much land In central Europe. At one time there was a powerful kingdom here, called Poland, but this was divided among Russia, Austria and Germany.” Under the caption of the “German Empire,” the book tells the pupils that: “The position of the German Empire (including outslde posses- sions) {s strikingly different from that of Great Britain. Only about one-third of its boundary is water, while it borders upon several inde- pendent countries besides Luxem- burg.” Modern Germany, as every student of history knows. has been a repub- llc since the revolution in November, 1918, when Emperor Willlam II was forced to abdicate, but the school geographies make no mention of this fact. Neither do they state that the territorial losses of Germany as a re- sult of the war reduced the country’s possessions. “All together.” ography, the ( being continues the ge- “there are 2§ states within erman) empire, some of them kingdoms, some duchies and These states are united under a central authority more closely than our States. In place of a oresident they have an emperor, the King of Prussia being [ by law the Emperor of Germany; and their form of government is a lim- ited monarchy.” £ The obsolete geographies also re- fer to the Austrian Empire wnd the Kingdom of Hungary. Little do the pupils who depend on them for In- formation know that Austria is a re- public and that the states composing the former Austro-Hungarian Empire formed a union and declared them- selves independent, each becoming a republic in form. Austria herself was |yrn;lalmcd a republic November 12, 1918, As incorrect as the historical facts of the present European eountries are the physical and relief maps which the geographies contain. The maps show the “German Empire” as it was before the war and the vast section of the old Russian Embire, of which Siberia was then a part, while the other frontier changes since the war are conspicuously absent. these maps there is no Poland, no Esthonia, no Jugoslavia, no Czecho- slovakia, no Latvia, no Lithuania and nothing to show the boundary changes in the Balkan Peninsula. The Irish Free State also is among the missing. Only 1,000 new up-to-date ge- ography text books were purchased by school officials for use in the schools At this rate of acquiring new geographies it would take 13 years to discard all such obsolets books in the hands of 13,000 children. An emergency appropriation of $38,- 000 would permit school authorities! to replace the obsolete geographies fmmediately. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Democrats have bcen lamenting that they haven't had their share of the “breaks” of the campaign. F thing has been “coming Cal's w: wheat prices, Dawes plan and other acts of a political providence. But the Daugherty-Davis correspondence, Demgcrats aver, has at last g them a “break,” and a big one. A Davis leader told this observer that the opening which Daugherty pro- vided Davis, and of which the ecandi- date has taken such deadly advantage, is worth $50,000 in campaign funds. The way he puts it is that it would have been worth that much in Demo- cratic publicity and propaganda value to “put Daugherty back on the front Davis' managers long de- plored that the public seemed deter- Forbes. Along come the former At- torney General and hands the Demo- crats the revamped issue on a silver platter. * ¥ ¥ ¥ Since the Republican convention at Cleveland and until the present epi- sode Harry Daugherty has been wrapped in a seclusion that was very agreeable to the Republican high command. At one time it was feared that his dismissal from the cabinet would cause Daugherty not only to be a sulker, but a wrecker of party prospects in Ohio. But he was ef- fectually suppressed at Cleveland. when he lost his fight to make Louis T. Brush, the purchaser of the Hard- ing newspaper at Marion, Republican national committeeman. S(nr!- then Daugherty's influence in Ohio has been regarded wholly negligible, and the organization he once dominated has been loyally behind the Coolidge cause. “Harry's” reputation for party regularity is proverbial, but he blun- dered into the Davis affair in a way that causes more than one head “? wag in doubt as to whether it was * ¥ X ¥ 5 No litical contest anywhere vln the rnun"r,;' i watched in \\afihln“lfl"\v w ivelier interest than “Bill ws candidacy for the governor- ship of Kansas. The man who told the world “what's the matter with Kansas® has been fighting shy of public office for twenty-five years. In the Kaw country White is known as the only patriot who ever refused a postmastership. Once, in McKin- ley’s time, the editor was designated as a compromise candidate for the Emporia post office. He hot-footed it to Washington to plead personally with Mark Hanna against the fate about to overtake him in the name of party harmony. Hanna escorted him to the White House. White beg- ged the President to be let off. “Well,” said McKinley, solemnly, | wwe’ll see what can be done about it The Emporia scribe’s protestations | prevailed, and never until now wa he persuaded to hanker for official honors. White might have been Gov- ernor of Kansas, or United States Senator, or a diplomat, or a jobholder in Washington, for his State and va- rious Presidents have tempted him in vain. * % ¥ * “Human migration” is the sug- gestive title of a world-wide survey now engaging the attention of the National Research Council at Wash- ington. It is in charge of Dr. Rob- ert M. Yerkes, psychologist, who is chairman of the council's research information service. By the time the survey is finished it will be the last solentific word on the problem of emigration and immigration. Causes and eftects, not only with regard to the United States, but all countri all races, all civilizations and al eras, beginning with the Exodus, will be diagnosed and discussed. Dr. Yerkes was one of the War Depart- ment’s scientists during the World ‘War. He has written a couple of books dealing with Army mental and psychological tests between 1917 and 1919. ** s Dr. Charles E. Sawyer never teok | Holmes and Leouis D. Brandeis. | in himself half aa seriously as many people thought, when President Hard- & stuck him into a brigadier gen- eral's uniform in 1921. The frail lit- tle medic from Marion blossomed out publicly in his regimentals for the first time at a banquet of the Chemi- cal Warfare Service in Washington. His modesty, commanding voiee and nimble wit made the hit of the eve- ning. “I've been trying unsuccess- fully all my life,” said Sawyer, “to be a great doctor. But here I am, after five weeks in Washington, a full-fledged brigadier general in the Army, and I'll say that's Sawyer's affection for Mr. and Mrs. Harding was boundless. At Marfon in 1320 he appointed him- self an unofficial welcoming commit- tee of one to guide all arriving strangers direct to the front porch. £ & Gen. Dawes is the latest national candidate to be the hero of a cam paign biography. It is called “Dawes —the Doer,” and flows from the pen of Carl W. Ackerman, one-time inter- national newspaper correspondent, but now of the ever-growing army of plutocratic publicity men. “The United States is inhabited by two groups of citizens,” begins the au- thor's introduction, “dreamers and doers. Charles G. Dawes is a doe: On the title page are two sentiments. One from George Washigton: “Let us raise a standard to which the wise and honest can repair” Then this from Dawes: “God give us common sense.” * ¥ x % Norman Hapgood, who was Ameri- can minister to Denmark under Wood- row Wilson and is now stumping the Eastern States for La Follette, is making frequent use of the names of Associate Justices Oliver Wendell He brackets them with Jefferson and Lincoln as men “whose ideas are not going to destroy our court The suggestion is that, except for Messrs. | Holmes and Brandels, the United States Supreme Court, in the la Fol- lette view, is “reactionary.” (Copyright, 1924.) Suggests Big Penalty In Traffic Accidents To the Bditor of The Stas Washington is overrun with auto- motive vehicles and the death rate chargeablo to them is distressingly high. With 2 view to llmiting this appalling and needless orgy, I would suggest increasing and enforcing the penalties for the reckless killings and maimings that are now to frequent this city. Seize the vehicle, ar- rest the driver, and, it found guilty, cancel his license and send him to prison for a convincing term and hold the owner of the vehicle for the dam- age done. Such drastic dealing would surely bring a needed trafiic reform. To walk the streets now is as has- ardous as going upon the skirmish line in actual warfare. Another phase in this matter is worthy of thought. Let us figure a little. It is doubtless reasonable to reckon that at least 100,000 people each day walk the streets of this city and to reckon further that there is an average hold-up of at least five minutes to each pedestrian at street crossings during each day. This would mean an aggregate loss of 500,000 minutes each day, or nearly one year of time. And to all this jeopardy and loss of time we may add the unnecessary and cruel strain and shock to our nerves caused by this newcomer. It truly needs the re- straint of an iron hand. The condi- tion here is tragic. JOHN R, WEATHERS. { orderly government institution based | ward { constitutional monarchy. on! | ble of thinking of a Defends Supreme Court. Tells Why European Post-Wa Governments Discarded Plan. To the Editor of The Star: Norman Thomas, a follower of La Follette and the Soclalists’ can- didate for Governor of New York, recently said, “It is very significant that none of the European peoples in revising thelr constitutions has intrusted supreme courts with sim- flar powers” (to ours). That the new European states did not give their highest courts the Power that the fathers of our Con- stitution gave our Supreme Court is not nearly so significant as the fact that a candidate for the high posi- tion of governor of one of our States should make the comparison in favor of any European government. But, after all, did those new na- tions fail to establish Supreme Courts similar to ours through ignorance, or by design with full knowledge, of because of tradition and custom, or were the leaders responsible for the forms of the various governments and not the people us a whole, History teaches us that the tradi- tions and customs of people have much more to do with the ultimate result than abstract philosophy. Only three things have happened within the last 2,000 years to turn men's minds away from their ordinary channel—first, the coming of Jesus Christ; the second, the crusades; the third, the discovery of America These were spectacular things, were not premeditated, they appealed to the imagination. War in Europe is the normal life— the usual; peace, abnormal, the un- usual. War means change; change means virile leaders or chaos. Under &ny ecircumstances, prolonged or con- tinual, wars produce hates and fears and tend to throw power into the hands of the few and to keep the common pcople” poor and untrained in_constructive thought. _There is only one country in Europe today among the smaller na- tions that may be said to be a demo- cratio-republican, Switzerland; and the circumstance of its birth and continued life is one of environment. Even so, its government is a hodge- podge and therefors built without logic or sequence; but it works be- cause it is about like the fellow Who has the two ends of a galvanic battery in his hands—he cannot let Bo. The kingdoms of Denmark, Holland and Belgium are survivals, and not creations, like our form of govern- ment. Not in one of them is an on the aspirations of a people. The same set of facts is true of each of all the other small pre-war nations of Europe. Spain may be said to be the only large pre-war nation of Europe whose government is actually ‘owned” by one man, although out- appearances indicate it is a France and Italy—the one a re- public and the other a constitutional monarchy—are still bound with the red tape of tradition and custom of absolute monarchy. _None of the na- tions above mentioned, as a people, has even had a chance to think about 4 “supreme court.” None of the new nations growing out of the World War, with the possi- ble exception of Germany, is capa le upreme court” similar to our highest court. A people do not easily throw off | their religion, their social customs. their habit of thought about politcal | Eovernment. No * government in | Europe ever had a Supreme Court similar to ours—the common people know nothing about our Supreme Court. They are only familiar with “direct action,” either by a despot | or a temporary virile leader, or a| government controled Ly property interests. The revolution in Franee in 1790, the revolutions of Europe in 1830, 1848, 1870 and 1911-1921, had not the freedom of action that was true of our revolution of 1776-1783. Even with us, as free from the interferen of tradition and custom and European proprietorships in land and govern- ment as we were, a large part of the population were opposed to severing relations with England. Indeed, there were a few who wanted George Washington to be king, and others wanted an aristocratical form of gov- ernment. To say that it is significant that none of the new nations in Europe established a Supreme Court similar to ours, is merely to confess that the leaders of the respective nations feared to jeopardize their own posi- tion, or the people were not educated to the advantages of an impersonal judiciary in its nighest and truest sense far removed from the passions of the day. ‘The Soviet government of Russia s the best type to date of the socialist philosophy in action—to attain its present autocracy the Soviet leaders destroyed religious institutions, con- fiscated all private property, assassi- nated opponents or condemned them to death without the formality of a trial or exiled them to a living death in dungeons on the word of a mili- tary commander, openly repudiated debts of honor—defying or desecrat- ing everything that civilization holds sacred. George Washington. Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson never found it nec- essary to do any one of those things. On the contrary, they demanded the protection of religious belief, prop- erty of all kinds, life of all men and the payment of all honest debts. To compare any new KEuropean state’s government with our form of government, to our Government's advantage is utter folly, diplays crass ignorance or is a sinister threat. The people of Iurope are to be con- gratulated that they have achieved so much against such great odds, but only the English government is com- parable to our Government as an im- personal government and our Gov- ernment and the English govern- ment, although the best in the world, are a loug, long way from the ideal impersonal government. An independent, nop-partisan, im- personal judiciary is the foundation of a benign, stable, vigorous, efficient government. Our highest court more pearly approximates the ideal than that of any nation in the world. GROVER WARREN AYERS. Garvey and Liberia. Marcus Aurclius Garvey and his plans for a back-to-Liberia move- ment for the colored population of America are again in the limelight, The self-styled president of the So- called Negro republic proposes to establish a steamship line between New York and Africa to carry back to that country the millions of colored people he claims are eager to settle there. He says that 7,000,000 negroes in the United States, the West Indies and Central America are ready to follow him back to Africa. The first sailing, Garvey says, will be in November. The promoter of the scheme tried once before to start a similar migra. tion, but his plans went 'awry when he was convicted for using the mails to defraud. He claims, now, however, that there will be no slip up and that the Black Star Steamship line, which he is promoting and which already has acquired one or two ves- sels, will be In operation within the next few months. It his plans materialize, as he claims they will, the colored race will owe a deep debt of gratitude to Marcus Aurellus Garvey. But he has not shown in previous attempts that he is able to put the project across, and a skeptical world will watch with Interest the progress of his plans~~lancaster New Era, | study ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. What is the largest conerete; structure in the world?—W. W. L. A. The lace of Engineering at Wembly, England, is the largest in the world. It is 80 affected by tem- perature that it is one foot higher on | & warm day than on a chilly night. Q. How do the artists who make animated cartoons for the movies draw so rapidiy?—E. ¥. A. In the cartoons in which the characters appear to be drawn with pen and ink upon tho screen, the whole subject is first outlined with pale red pencil, the color not heing sensitive to light, and the artist traces with pen and ink these outlines which are vigible upon the screen. After every few strokes of the pen he presses a button which automatically photographs one frame of motion pic- | ture film. This gives the impression | of great rapidity of movement on the Part of the artist, though he is mere- ly tracing the outlines of a drawing previously made, and the work can be done with the utmost deliberation. Q. In the early days of base ball did the teams play on Sundays’— MM A. In order to put the game on a high moral plane, the plaving of &ames on Sunday was prohibited. Any club playing on Sunday was in dan- Eer of losing {ts franchise, while players, liable to expulsion for taking & game on Sunday. The League adhered to thie unti Q. How old is the Commerece of New York? Chamber « was formed in rter granted at that time by King rge I of England was to “The | Chamber of Commerce of the City of New York in America.” When the| United States was established the as- | sociation was reincorporated under| the laws of the State of New York and the named changed to the Cham- | ber of Commerce of the State of New | York. Q. Can ponltry breeds be classified? —B. A. L. A Generally speaking poultry may | be classificd as egg breeds, meat | breeds, general purpose breeds, and | fancy or ornamental breeds. | Q. I have been told that there is no linament that will penetrate the human skin. Is this correct?—A. G.| H. A The Bureau of Chemistry says that there are a number of linaments that will penetrate the human skin. | ‘Turpentine and chloroform have pene- trating properties | Q. What opera is “The Lact Rose | of Summer” from?—C. S. W. | A. “The Last Rose of Summer” was written by Thomas Moore for his “Irish Melodies.” It was afterward interpolated in the opera “Martha.' Q. Is it true that gas should not be turned on full when food is being | fried in an aluminum pan?—R. N. W A. Aluminum conducts heat rapidly | and stores it up in great quantities, so that after a pan is thoroughly heated any additional heat applied causes overheating. It is best, there- fore, to turn down the flame one-half after the pan is thoroughly heated Q. Should a retired enlisted man of the United States Army report changes of his post office address ever month or only once a vear?—W. J. C. A He should report chang: post office address once a year. Q. Was the term “philately” coined by stamp collectors?—W. L. | A. A French stamp collector, named Herpin, is credited with making this word in 1865. It was coined from Greek words and means “the love of of all that concerns prepay- ment”—that is, the love of stamps. Q. What mourning should a mar- umpires and scorers were | | riper. | said ried woman wear for & parent? E. G K Holt says that a married »uld wear mourning for a parent at lcast . year. It is considercd botter to wear mouming for a vear and six month and then go into second mournies Second mourning consists of cos tumes of crepo de chine or lusterless silk and hats trimmed with blact ritbon or flowers or dull jet orma. ments. Aftcr six months whits or lilac touches may relieve tho secénd mourning. The wearing of mourning is optional and a personal matte: entirely. Q. Where in the Bible can T fipd reference to the man in the moon? D. AR A Legend connects the man in the Numbe: xv.82-37, demned to death for gatharing stick on the Sabbath. There arc also leg €nds to the effect that Cain is the man in the moon. Q. Is it true that a snake will ot harm one If it is not molested ™—I%. 5. A. The Department of Agricultfirn Fays that the king cobra of Asia bas been known to follow and attack persons, and tho large constricting snakes of tho tropics also at timec are aggressive. The poisonous snake: of the United States usually do not attack men unless molested. Q. What to is m t by the saytng Bath g°t vour head ns who showe & the formed when - obvious ! “ou are going mad; o to Eath and shaved'” You had get your Q How ripe should tomatoms when picked?—Ji. G. F. A Tomatoes w are to be ship ped to a gistant market should be picked when two-thirds ripe. 1f for local markets the fruit should be For home consumption or for canuing the tomatoes should be 1 the vine until ripe s price must Iv ituas et r doilar face value? er in a dollar ma; valus the marke! ver must be up to $1.2 t goes above tha may be expecied to the as such. silve Q. Wi on an eng to reduce carbon?—J. L A. The Ameri Motor School ha that when used in proper pro- portion moth balls do not harm the engine. One moth ball to 10 gallons of gasoline {s efficacious in reducing carbon and will not hurt the engine Q. What are the four words n the English language which end “dous L. A. The four word which end in “dous’ t effect do moth bails k our language are tremendous stupendous, hazardous and jeopardous Q a St I A, shot about What is nard dog According to legend was stu in the Natur: Museum at Bern, Switzerland. (The Stor mainicine for the plessers ar Pront of sis rrodera om snformaisom sereu arder the diectorsip of Frederic J. Hustan The scope of the bureou it nationcl and inir and no subicct w f00 elementary 5 enlisi ihe persomal aitemtiom « Address The Siar Informats J. liaakin, director, Twesm: ot northweat.) Use of Word “Progressive” Stirs Comment on La Follette Party The proclamation of some 50 of the | prominent supporters of Theodore | Reosevelt in 1912, in which they ex- press their resentment “at the at- tempt to arrogate the name of ‘Pr gressive’ for the movement represent- | ed by the candidacy of Senator La Follette” is being widely discussed Most _editors agree that the Reosevelt | and La Follette ideals and purposes | are different, yet some feel that the | Bull Moose leaders have little cause for grievance since the Progressive party is no longer active, and that the term “Progressive” mis terpreted to mean many t “As to what constitutes gressive’ dafinitions may differ,” in the | opinion of the Cleveland Plain Dea (independent * Democratic) but must be clear that if ‘progressive’ | were the best word to describe th. political doctrines of Theodore Roo: velt it is not the best word to de- scribe the policies of la FX lette.” It seems very clear to the Birmingham News (Democratic) that | “although the La Follette crowd have sought to label themselves with the | name and ideals of the party which rallied_around the patriotic and de- voted Roosevelt, the remains of that modern crusade for ideals disavow and repudiate the move, the leader, | the aims.” The La Follette Boston Transeript (independent Tie- publican) insists “in so far as it is not a public danger, is a humbus though it would be hard to say which of these factors predominate in its composition.” The old Progressives,| the Indianapolis News (independent) believes “do well to assure the coun- try of their completo detachment| from the La Follette movement, and to declare in the name of Roosevelt their opposition to it.” But what's in a name, anywav?| asks the Albany News (independent | Republican), which is inclined to feel that La Follette can use any name he might select because the Progressive party of 1912 has gone out of exist- ence, and after all “La Follette could not call his party the Radical party.’ That would not do. Progressive is a| good name, it has an appeal to many. | But it might mean many things, any- | thing that its users might wish to| interpret it to mean.” The Spring- field Union (Republican) neverthe- | less hopes the action of the protest- ers will “put an end to the attempts | of La Follette partisans to parade, behind the Roosevelt mask.” | * % % x The Chicago Daily News (inde- pendent) believes the signers of the ! protest “make out a strong case, ex- cept on the point of judicial power, for it recalls “the fate of Col. Roose- | velt's fatuous advocacy of the recall ) of judicial decisions by the voters at | referendum elections,” which “pro-| posal was superficial and whimsical and it was quickly dropped.” After all, the Lexington Leader (Republi- | can) is sure “it requires no argument | to show that the La Follette move- ment is in no sense identical with or related to that which received its sanction and its impetus from Theo- dore Roosevelt,” because “the candi- dacy of Mr. La Follette is a personal one, and the party, if such it can be| called, which is behind him, made up of utterly diverse elements with no permanent bond of union or common fund of ideals, but for his personal- ity would have no existence.” The Baltimore Sun (independent) wadds further that Roosevelt and La movement, the | closer together in social, Folletta all eithe La ¥ ‘were, in fact, not akin in mind or temperament llctte appeals to class discon- tent, but not to American disconten to class interests and not to American enthusiasm and confidence.” And there wer & Theodore Roose velt voice against con Minneapolis Tribun: “that thing w: politics or in th g Th national . {fact is that Theodore Roosevelt un: William Howard Taft were political purpose in 1812 than Ronse vast econom i velt and La Follette would be todas if the former were 0 American wh thing of the m of Theodore him giving iv 0 remembers a 1 and men: oosevelt d to La saders for a class w New York Evening F ent) which feels “their his political heirs is en him stir u while grave to time sup in the T T “The tinues the Cincinnati (Republican) show th lette did not join the that day, not because of any love for the conservatives of the Republican party, but because the defection was the cause of another's ambition They recall also the denunciation of Mr. La Follette by Roosevelt in when the Wisconsin Senator was branded as ‘a potent cnemy of his country and the sinister enemy of democracy.’ Thus is Robert M La Follette divested of the term ‘Progressive,;’ and he never was en titled to the term.” In fact, the New York Herald Tribunc (Repubiican’ thinks “he ought to be the last man in the world to claim any intellectua! kinship with Roosevelt.” and ‘“tha‘ makes all the more astonishing and reprehensible his audacity in borrow ing the name and fishing for thc good will of the genuine and his torical Progressive party.” P this wo not 1ift his voice from tt repudiate them, his lo n and have spoker Mr. La Fol rogressives of dn't have hap . suggests the Milwaukes Jour (independent) “if these Bull oose leaders had stayed guns,” because “there been a different story < last Spring; there would have been @ different story at the Clevcland convention, and” there would havr been no chance for La Follette to help himself unhindered to the nam Progressive,” and while “they claim La Follette stole it, he found it covered with dust in a corner where they had forgotten all that once they said it stood for.” At any rate, the Newark News (in- dependent) feels “with a little better grace they could protest at the pras- ent use of the name ‘Progressive’ if it were filched from a ‘party they were trying to fan back to life.” Continuing along this line the N York Times (independent Democrat) “can’t understand how these fervent Progressives of 1912 regressed into the Republican party,” after making their “covenant with the people” and offering to sweep away old abuses and to build a nobler comonwealth. Therefore, the Times asks “is it for these backsliders to jab that pattern of self-regarding progressivism to whom Mr. Gompers gives the medal of 7eader of leaders/ ™