Evening Star Newspaper, August 23, 1924, Page 6

' Al D. C., SATURDAY, AUGUST 23, 1924 W THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.....August 23, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. . The Evening Star Newspaper Compar Business Office, 11tl and Pennsylvania Av New York Office: 110 Eant 4300 St Chicage Otfice: Tower Building. Buropean Office: 18 Regent St.,Londou, England. .Editor Tne Evening Star. with the Sunday morning edition, 18 defivert by earriers within th city at 60 cents ber mouth: dails only, 45 Ceats por month: month. phone Ma Tiers at the end of cach: montl. Rate by Mail—Pa) Maryland and Virg Daily and Sunday..1 st., $8.40: 1 mo. Daily only .......1yr, $6.00; 1 mo. Sunday only ....I 1 ¥r., $2.40 ] 1 mo. All Other States. ily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo,, Daily only Y1%r "$7.00° 1 mo., 60 Sunday only ...l1yr, $3.00}1mo. 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. ated Press s exclusively entitled for republivation of a1l news i credited paper and also the local news pub. All right, herein Candidate and Platform. The Democratic party, in conven-| tion as: abled at Madison Square Garden, fought bitterly over the ques- | tion of the inclusion in the platform of a plank which de- nounced the Ku Klux Klan by name. after a general declaration respecting the tion of church and state and reaffirmation of the constitu- tional prescription of legislation abridging religious freedom. The convention voted by the narrowest of margins to exclude from the platform the specitic declaration about the Klan and adopted that plank of gen- eralities, which raised no issue on t score of religion, race or secret organ- izations. Small as w the margin, the vote stood as the voice of the party, to the effect that the Klan question should not directly enter | into the campaign Since the howev specifically separ ions were made, develop- action his speech at paraphrased nomina there hav, * ments nullifying, in effect. of the convention. In Clarksburg Mr. Davis the platform declaration, concluding: “It is the sol duty of ever; liever in American institutions to op pose any challenge of this sacred doc trine, organized unorganized, un- der whatever name or in whateve character it may appear.” Last night at Seagirt, N. J., Mr. Davis went fur- ther. 1In an addendum to pre- pared address he stated that he had | been asked by more than one person | now present in this audience” what | views he entertained concerning t organization known as the Ku Klan. Referring to his Clarksburg speech, he that he had hoped that in that deliverunce he had made his position perfectly clear. He then went further, and, calling the Klan by name, declared that “it does vio- lence to the spirit of American insti- tutions and must be condemned by all those who believe in American ideals.” Thus Mr. Davis has in effect re- considered the vote by which the spe- cific denunciation was defeated at Madison Square Garden and has de- clared the substitute plank adopted. He has revised the platform. ‘The question whether Mr. Davis would have been nominated at New York if he had in advance made known his view on this question so positively is not so important as that of whether his specific statement will now cost him support at the polls. It is plain from the manner in which the anti-Klan statement was added to the prepared speech that it was the consequence of direct inqui- ries and possibly of insistent urging on the eve of the meeting. Danger lies in this manner of campaigning. Immediate influences may lead a can- didate into difficulties when he de- parts from the letter of his party’s pronouncement of principles. When one of the barriers is down the way is open to all sorts of divergences and developments. Mr. Davis expressed the hope that the nominee of the Republican party “will see fit by some explicit declara- tion to join in entirely removing this topic from the field of political de- bate.” It may well be questioned whether this invitation will be ac- been he in or his Klu said { voung Leopold and Loeb are aw or hard to conceal than a human corpse. If it is cast into the water it will eventually be found and almost surely identified. If burned in a fur- nace it can be “reconstructed” by those parts which resist combustion. As Luetgert, the Chicago sausage man, found to his sorrow, it cannot be wholly dissolved by chemicals. As Mrs. Nack, the New York murderess, learned, it cannot be chopped up and thrown into the river in bags at dif- ferent places without an almost cer- tain reassembla Burial is about all that can be depended upon, and that is difficult. In a recent case in the Middle West the murderer tried to conceal his crime by burying the body of his vietim in concrete, and vet the crime was disclosed. In the matter of identification, however mutilated the body, dental records are of the greatest value. The body of Matteotti, the Italian deputy who was slain, it is believed for political reasons, was definitely proved by this means, although many weeks had elapsed since the crime. Nature seems to protect her crea- tures thus by interposing difficulties in the way of the criminal. The science of detection has greatly ad- vanced in consequence of the persist- ence of evidence of crime due to this natural law. —_———————— An Intense Public Interest. A veritable riot occurred vesterda in the courthouse at Chicago where it- sentence for their confessed crime. The people crowded into the courtroom until it was filled, and others were held in a dense throng in the corridors and on the stairways. The mob broke bounds and for some time could not be controlled. It was ing with the greatest difficulty that 0rdvr~ was restored and the court proceed- ings could continue. Many people were injured, clothing was torn, women fainted. It was altogether a most disgraceful scene. What was the cause of th The chief attorney for the was to speak for his clients, to plead for less than the death penalty. Known as an eloquent advocate, he an attraction, 2 magnet for the multitude. Many of those who crowded into the courthouse in the hope of getting inside of the room were drawn by no more than idle curiosity. whetted by the morbid de- sire to present at a spectacular scene. Yet practically all of those in the were destined to disap- pointment. Many times the number of persons who could be accommo- dated in the room gathered outside and persisted in the hope of somehow getting past the guards into an already compactly filled space. This case public curi- osity and interest as have few others in the history An intense feeling prevails the subject of the punishment which should be given to these vouths. It is discussed in every house- hold in the United States where the news is read. The atrocious nature of the crime, the youth of the crim- inals, the peculiar circumstances of their diabolical enterprise, and their plea of irresponsibility, supported by technical testimony of a character to challenge the reasoning of most peo- ple, have all combined to make this a matter of, it would seem, almost personal concern to millions of peo- ple. Back of this interest lies the fear that a sentence of less than capital punishment will be pronounced upon these young men. There is apprehen- sion of a penalty that will, it is be- lieved, encourage similar crimes and encourage pleas of irresponsibility. There is fear that sentence of life im- prisonment will mean ultimate release of these degencrates. These emotions to a large extent entered into the motives of those who vesterday swarmed into the Chicago courthouse in a riot of impatience to get within sound of the voice of the chief counsel for the defense. —————————— Possibilities of another war may depend in some degree on whether the 0ld-World nations are willing to work in order to pay their debts or invite new contention in hope that obliga- tions may be effaced in the confusion. rush? wa be a crowd vain has aroused ceedings. on cepted. If the Ku Klux question is not an issue in this campaign it cer- tainly cannot be made so by asserting that it is not. ————————— Occasionally a prominent citizen be- comes so weary and annoyed that he almost ceases to care whether he loses the camera-man vote or not. ——— Prospects of communication with Mars are seriously considered, but it will be many a day before question- naires are exchanged. New York’s Latest Thrill. New York has anothe® murder mystery, and, most delectable of all to the mystery lovers Of the metropolis, centering on a dismembered body. There is something particularly fas- cinating about a chopping-block crime. In this case a man who was last seen on the 1st of August some- where down Greenwich Village way. has been found in a cellar of a house in that region neatly packed in a gal- vanized iron box 3 feet long, 18 ¢ inches wide and 18 inches deep, with layers of plaster of paris and tar to prevent detection. Nature had her way, however, and gave evidence of the crime. A search was made and the body was found. A tenant of the house with whom the dead man is known to have had some financial dealings also disappeared on the 9th of August. Here is where the mys. tery loses some of its fascination. This second missing person is known to have bought unusual quantities of plaster of paris and tar a short time before his disappearance. Suspicion, of course, leaps at once to him as the murderer. About all that is left of the case after the first thrill of find- ing e dismembered body is to find the tugitive. It has been often said that one of the chief safeguards against murder is the difficulty of disposing of the body of the victim. Those who de- Perately plot the taking of life are ly to be balked by the knowledge ————————— Moscow is accused of supplying money to create trouble for Great Britain in Asia. One of the obstacles in negotiating loans for Russia is the fear that she has not learned the art of handling funds judiciously. ——.— If there should be another “land- slide” next Fall, Mr. Will Hays might be persuaded to revive his political ac- tivities sufficiently to have motion pictures made of the outstanding in- cidents. ———— 1t is now reported that the original moonshiners, who worked in a small way in the mountains, have been put out of business by organized compe- tition. Free Buffalo. It has been said that a very large number of persons will accept any- thing offered them if no charge is made. Getting something for nothing is especially attractive, but the ex- perience of mankind is that few of us get anything for nothing, unless get- ting stung is getting something. Here is the case of some buffaloes of the Yellowstone Park herd which the De- partment of the Interior has offered to give away because the herd is get- ting too large. Requests for a buffalo are “pouring in” on the department. They come from people in cities, who seem to think that a free buffalo will help to make them happy. Requests come from persons who have not the means to pay the grocery bill of a buffalo and who have not the kind of lodgings a clvilized buffalo needs. The Yellowstone buffalo are not the Buffalo Bill kind of buffalo. They are Government raised and have been on the Government pay roil ever since they were born. They will probably eat out of 2 man's hand and are indis- posed to do any work. It is not clear why so many people want to adopt a buffalo. It would not be convenient defense | of American court pro- | man with a large country place where grass and corn grow and where there is a big barn could make a buffalo at home. The owner of such a place and a buffalo could talk of his pri- vate zoological park and could call in the neighbors to see the author of the buffalo robe. Perhaps if the Govern- ment keeps on raising buffaloes to give away there will be a buffalo on every farm, and the animal will be- come as numerous in the Potomac Valley as it was several hundred years ago. R Phineas Fogg and Mrs. Chandler. After Phineas Fogg. with his faith- ful servant Passepartout, started out on his dashing journey “round the world in 80 days,” in Jules Verne's thrilling novel of that title, he re- membered that he had left the gas burning in his apartment in London. This recollection gave him a great deal of annoyance on the long and adventurous voyage, with its hair- breadth escapes and its ingenious de- vices to save time and prevent delay. But Mr. Fogg won a wager that far more than paid for the gas bill. After Mrs. George Chandler of Cleveland had left shore on an excur- sion steamer for a moonlight ride on Lake Erie the other day she suddenly remembered that she had left the gas burning under the hot-water tank in the basement of her home. She was to be gone only a few hours. The consumption of gas would not be very great. But the water would be superheated and an explosion might result. It was out of the ques- tion to turn the steamer back to shore. But she was equipped with a radio sender, and so Mrs. Chandler simply sent out a broadcast message asking the Cleveland fire department to send around to her home and turn out the gas as a means of preventing a possible disaster. The message was received and obeyed, and when Mrs Chandler returned home that night all was well. Phineas Fogg had no radio and was out of cable reach most of the time. Moreover, there were other difficulties in the way of getting speedy word back home to turn out the ga: A great many years have passed since Jules Verne wrote “Round the World in Eighty Day 2, to be exact—and many have but none quite so remarkable as in the matter of communication. With the radio and flying machines, the world has shrunk to comparative insignifi- cance since Phineas Fogg hustled around in his allotted time. changes occurred, —_———————— Reports from listeners in British Columbia t Mars signaled with ur dashes permits great latitude in speculation as to what highly sophis ticated inhabitants of that planet are trying to suggest. The number may be interpreted by the high brow as a ference to the fourth dimension and by the low brow as a recognition of the great human interest in four of a kind. —_— By this time Leopold and Loeb would possibly be willing to forget their claims to superior intellectuality and be content if they can be regarded as lucky. ——e— No arrangement can be satisfac tory to Germany which does not call France’s attention to the Ruhr's “this w So forgetful is the public that the acceptance speeches will soon be no better remembered than the keynotes and platforms. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Autumnal Prospect. We've had the flow'rs of Summer hours In their magnificence so bright. The gcod old earth has shown its mirth In scenes of varying delight. The earlier joy begins to cloy; ‘We shall not greatly feel its loss. The ripened fruit our taste will suit; So, bring alone the apple sauce. Life is made fair by fancies rare Born of the Maytime and the June. The Summer glow must fade, we know; November will be with us soon. If we would thrive, we must contrive For serious need to come across. So, take away your big bouquet And bring along the apple sauce. Service. “An official should remember that he is a servant of the public.” “Of course,” answered Senator Sorghum. “But that fact doesn’t im- ply an obligation to preserve a man- ner of perpetual deference. Haven't you ever noticed how haughty a head waiter can be?” —_ Communication. O'er Martian signals I'll not fret. My mundane mood is such, I own, That I'll be satisfied to get My party on the telephone. Jud Tunkins says somebody ought to start a “be-kind-to-theflivverists week,” if only to give the cops a little holiday. Making It Unanimous. When alienists have had their say. They send us wondering on our way If any person, proud or meek, May not disclose some nutty streak. Gayeties. “How did you pass the time at the hotel this Summer?” “Most of it in the writing room,” answered Miss Cayenne. ‘While mother and I were addressing post cards father kept busy writing checks.” . Moving On. Each star out there keeps moving fast Around the paths of space, And in the universe so vast Can find no parking place! “Money don’t bring happiness,” said Uncle Eben, “but de arguments it starts is what makes life inter- 105 buffalo to keep-him in & flats AJestNy® | ) ol o Answers to Questions BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. How can the number of board feet be ascertained from the cubic dimensions of lumber?—s. T. R. A. One thousand feet of seasoned, unplaned lumber has been considered the equivalent of 219 cubic feet of standing timber, including stumps and tops but excluding branches. Q. What is a narcist?>—F. T. T. A. This term is applied to a “self- lover.” The allusion is to Narcissus, the beautiful Greek god, who fell in love with his own reflection. Q. Who invented the informatory double in auction bridge?—M. P. K. A. Maj. Patton of the Knicker- bocker Whist Club, New York City, is given credit for ‘this innovation. Bryant MeCampbell of St. Louls was experimenting along the same line, and introduced a similar plan in an amplified form soon afterward. Q. Is the production of coal creasing or decreasing?—D. P. C. A. Coal production in the United ates for 1924 exceeded the average production of the preceding nine years by nearly 62,000,000 tons, or 13 per cent. in- Q. Is the Shenandoah equipped with radio?—T. T. A. The most powerful radio set ever designed for any aircraft is being in- stalled on the U. 8. 8. Shenandoah, now housed in her hangar at Lak wood, N. J. For compactness, light- ness of weight and general all-round efficiency for size, it is expected to excel any other wireless equipment in the world. Only the highest-pow- ered commerclal “and broadeasting stations on shore and the largest of the transatlantic liners will be able to match the receiving and sending outfit ,of this giant of the air. Ac- cording to naval engineers, the an- tenna to be used for the main trans- mitter is the most efficient type used anywhere in the world. It will con- sist of nearly 2,000 feet of wire, fed out from a reel to a point several hundred feet below the ship. Q. Are there any figures on how much canned food is consumed by the average American family?—T. A. A survey made by the United ates Bureau of Labor Statistics ves the following percentages of all families using six particular products: Canned salmon, 60.8 per cent; milk, condensed or evaporated, 60.5 per cent; baked beans, canned, 36.1 per cent; canned peas, § per cent; canned corn, 2 per cent; canned tomatoes, 50.2 per cent. Q. Kindly sketch the career of Sir Edward Elgar, who has just heen named master of king's music by King George—T. G A Sir Edward is probably the greatest of living English composers. His fame dates back to the perfo ance of his “Caractacus” and Pictures” at the Leeds and Norwich festivals in 1595 and 1899, respec- tively, and his “Dream of Gereon- tius" at_the Birmingham festival in 1500. This last composition, after having been performed in Dussel- dorf and in America, was heard in London for the first time in 1903 at Westminster Cathedral, with the composer directing. It was hailed as the finest oratorio written by an English composer. A second orato- rio, “The Apostles,” was produced in 15904 In 1904 Sir Edward was knighted and in 1911 he was awarded the Order of Merit. How the Appian long was Th y was con- structed as a military road from ome to Capua, a distance of about 132 miles, by the Emperor Appius Claudius about 312 B.C., and was later extended to Brundusium, a to- tal of about 360 miles, and completed by Julius Caesar. It was known “the Queen of Roads” and was adorned with statuary and pagan temples. It was built without regard to cost by slave labor and is said to have been in excellent condition 800 vears after its completion. To build Such a road today would cost in the neighborhood of $250,000 a mile. Q. What effect would freezing have on jelly?>—A. E. C. A. Freezing and thawing would be apt to break down and change the texture of jelly. It would not be like- 1y to injure the jelly, however. Q. Did canaries really come from the Canary Islands?—L. L. A. The Biological Survey says that the actual origin of the canary as a cage bird {s obscure. It seems prob- able that captive canaries were first secured from the Canary Islands, but it is doubtful that this stock has fur- nished ancestors of all our birds of this kind. The serin finch of middle and southern Kurope is so similar that it may often have been captured and accepted as a canary, and inter- bred until all distinguishable differ- ences were lost. Q. How many co-operative societies are there in the world?—S. G. A. Societies co-operative in char- acter are scattered all over the world and while no data are available re- garding this number, it is estimated that between 30,000,000 and 40,000,000 people participate in such organiza- tions for one purpose or another. Q. Are any of the trees of the Gar- den of Gethsemane still living?—F. K. A A. On the land now known as the Garden of Gethsemane there are eight very old olive trees which tradition says were living in the time of Christ. The actual location of the Garden of “Our Lord's Agony” was lost, and the present site selected as the probable location. Q. Who wrote “The .Old Oaken Bucket,” where was it written, and when?—T. S. B, A. “The Old Oaken Bucket” was written by Samuel Woodworth in the sumer of 1817, while he and his fam- ily were living in Duane street, New York City. is aromatic vinegar?— A. Aromatic vinegar is a solution of the volatile oils of cinnamon, cloves, lavendar, juniper, peppermint, lemon and rosemary in alcohol, vine- gar and water. It is used as a cooling lotion in headaches and fevers. Q. How did the Arm and Hammer trade-mark originate?—J. G. R. A. This trade-mark was adopted about 75 years ago by the Vulcan Mills. It was an appropriate emblem to choose, as Vulcan was the god of smithy. Q. Are there any hospitals wnere student nurses are taken who have not been through high school?—A Reader. A. The Public Health Service says that some hospitals are departing from the requirement of high school education or its equivalent for ap- plicants in a training course. Write to*the commissioner of health at the state capital for a list of such insti- tutions. (It is certain that you puzzle daily over questions that we can answer for you. You are confronted by problems, grave to you, which can be answered easily by us. Our attention is directed chiefly to matters of fact. In matters legal, medical and financial we do mot give strictly professional advice, but even in.these we oan often amoothe your way and provide the oomtact you need with technicians. Make a practice of asking us what you do mot know. Addresss The Star Information Burcau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Twenty- Rome, which enjoys about the same kind of equatorial midsummer ecli- matic conditions as Washington, D. C., is deserted in July and August by everybody, prince or pauper, who hs the time or moncy to get away. The Itallan lakes and mountains are the favorite resorts, along with what used to be the Austrian Tyrol, but is now Italian territory. Mussolini and his ministers stick to their po: of duty, but it is an exception to find anybody else of importance in the Roman’ social, political or business world still lingering at the foot of the seven hills. The ancient and glori- ed Tiber, “to which all Romans pray,” is a most unromantic, sluggish and shallow stream in these torrid days. Generally, except for the life the tourists, mainly American, infuse into Rome in Summer time, it is a dreary, though fascinating city Hi ok i 1f foreigners in Rome really were to do as the Romans do, they would “lay off” daily between 12 and 4 for lunch and a nap. That is almost the unfailing rule. Iven great shopping streets like the Corso Umberto 1 put up the shutters and lock the doors between those hours. Retail life only begins to buzz in Rome after 5 o'clock in the afternoon and usually gocs on until & In midsummer numerous shops close fa 2 month or six weeks at a time Proprietor and staff on vacation” reads the common legend. Even the restaurants do that sort of thing. Sinclair Lewis discovered & Kome “trattoria,” which, he claimed, was the only restaurant in all Italy that knew how to cook spaghetti. It is called Alfredo, after the proprietor. Alfredo, like a couple -of hundred thousand other Romans, has locked up for the Summer and fled to the moun- tains, so disappointed would-be pa trons are notificd when they approach his barred and bolted door. * * Prince Gelasio Caetani, Ttalian Am- bassador to the United States, is highly respected in Rome, which therefore deplores current reports that he may soon resign from his post in Washington. Romans have heard of the prince’s brilliant soclal career at our Nationa) Capital, and rejoice in it. They call him an ambassador to the manner born, a man of distin- guished family, a brave soldier, and {in every respect an envoy of whom | the nation can e proud. Prince Cae- jtani ranks in his own country as a Fascist and loyal supporter of the Mussolini idea. * ¥ ¥ % Overheard at a personally conducted party of American tourists in the tican galleries Guide—The paintings are Raphael. Raphael was famed, 2 other things, for the number love affairs, of which there authenticated cases. Fair Chicagoan—When his painting? * % ok Henry P. Fletch the first fessional American diplomat the ( ed States has stationed at Rome for many years, if not the very first. All three of his immediate predecessor: Thomas Nelson Page, Robert U wood Johnson and Richard Washburn Child—were what John Hay once de- nominated literary Italy is glad to have at the Rome embassy an Americun who t | matic game inside out now in his third s b i of his are did he knows diplo- like Fletcher, sive ambassa- The truth about that country as it BY S ARTICLE XIX. are perilous days Communists in Germany, Italy, Bul- garia and other countries affected by the late wave of reaction in Europe, and the flood of political fugitives seeking asylum in Russia for their health has greatly increased this year. The welcome sign, longer shines so brilliantly as in the old days of bolshevism, when Rus- sia’s rul were flush with funds and full of sympathy for refugees from countries oon to be numbered, they believed, among the Soviet republics. The refugees can no longer count upon being put up as the guests of |the Soviet government, presermted with the best of everything at Moscow grat and given front stage seats and access to. the speaker's table at all big bolshevist functions. The Russian gates are still open, but the sacred law of labor, the prin- iple, “No work, no eats,” is applied. The bolshevist authorities now re- quiras the persecuted comrades from abroad to do something to earn their keep after a single month of grace, and are trying to move them on from Moscow, where their numbers had be- come an embarrassment, into the pro- vineial towns, where they will be as- imilated more quickly and interna- tionalized into real bolshevists. The central committee of the Rus- sian Communist party recently sent out a circular of instructions to the provincial committges and authorities, asking them to provide quarters and opportunity for work for the foreign refugees who would be sent them. For the Bulgarian and Baltic refu- gees this provincial exile is made more tolerable through a common Slav tongue, in which they can get ac- quainted. The German can usually find comrades acquainted with his language in provincial towns. The Italian or English epeaking refugee, however, is in for a dreary time until he learns enough Russain to make himself understood. Clearing Center for Jailbirds. The chief clearing center at Mos- cow is a “house for political emi- grants,” with a theater, club, library of books in all languages and athletic grounds. Its capacity is, however, only 350 persons, whose stay is lim- ited to two months in order to prevent the permanent’ settling down of refu- gees appreciating all these comforts. While 1 was in Moscow, refugees passed through the “Emigrant House at the rate of more than 100 a month, of whom, it is ipteresting to note, 73 per cent reported they had come from prisons in their own country, where they had been serving sen- tences of six months and more. Some of the old-timers, Big Bill Haywood, Bela Kun of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, and others formerly higher up in_their home bolshevist movements who came here early in the bolshevist era, have managed to establish themselves permanently in Moscow, with sinecure employments. A lot of them, Haywood included, are quartered in a former hotel on the Tverskaia, where, in the approved bolshevist Style, they ~have a com- munity kitchen and dining room, and share expenses of “the club” the pre- vailing language of which is English. Haywood has a nominal job as Mos- cow agent of the Kuzbas American mining colony, but the glamour of his presence in Bolshevia has long since worn off, for Big Bill and his bolshevist hosts alike, He is a rather pathetic and lonely figure, sitting throughout the day in his bleak hétel room, reading such American maga- zines and papers of past vintages as he can secure, and eagerly welcoming American visitors for the chance to hear the accents of his native land. Haywood would like—oh! so much —to get away from Russla, where ho for good however, no | heart | trampea abroad, ROME OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. dorial post, in addition to a term as Undersecretary of State. The United States has no embassy of its own in Italy. The Fletchers live in a beau- tiful and spacious apartment in the Palazzo Orsini. The ambassador, who speaks French and Spanish fluently, finds them of service in learning Itallan, which he !s gradually mas- tering by dint of hard stucy. * k k Kk American who comes to Rome, especially the globe-trotting flapper, falls in love with the na- tional ‘police, the famed carbinieri. They are the picked young men of the nation. In their cocked hats and swallow-tail coats of black, richly embroidered with silver braid, they cut a dashing figure. They carry gleaming swords at the side and businesslike revolvers at the belts. For some unexplained reason, the carbinieri always travel in pairs. They are not burdened with coarse duties like regulation of traffic. Spe- cial squads of ordinary police attend to that. The carbinieri seem required mainly to patrol the streets and look picturesque, and they do it well. Every Italian city has its quota of them. One of our immigration of- ficials here last spring said that if Ttaly would send us exclusively young fellows of the carbinieri type we might ralse the quota. Before they are taken onto the force their family records for two generations are probed to see if they ever had an ancestor or a kinsman convicted of a penal offense. * ok ok ok Rome's leading department store was rebuilt about the time Gabrielle Q'Annunzio was firing Italy's patrioti motions at Fiume. The proprietors asked him to christen the new es- tablishment. He came to Rome and baptised it, “Rinascente,” which ans rebirth. The Rinascente has a stem unique in Europe, if not in the world. For every purchase total- ing 100 lire (now about $4,50), a customer is credited with savings bank interest, the same as if he had deposited 100 lire with the house. Interest is paid on any purchase, no matter how high, but on none less than 100 lire. Every * ok ke Although Ttaly has outstriped Ger- motor industry there s ngly little automobile traffic in R Perhaps the omnipresence of cobbled pavements is responsible. There are fewer auto taxis in this metropolis of $00,000 or 900,000 than in the average American city of 250,000. The ancient horse-cab and cabbie, who used to delight th of Mark Twain when h still flourish. FokoE % prominent mewspaper not Rome, ti della Serra ite its Ttaly's most is published in Milan celebrated Corriere lvening Courier). Its proprietor is ator Luigi Albertini, one of Italy delegates at the Washington con- ference and brave and sworn foe of Mussolini. The Corriere’s Rome correspondent, Dr. Emanuel, is one of the political powers-that- in Eternal City. He also is anti-Mus- solini to the core. Another journalis tic factor in Rome is the vetera Commandatore Salvatore Cortesi, for many vears the Roman representative of the Associated Press. There is a Cortes jr., who give: promise of in distinguished a following footsteps. (Copyright, 1924.) RUSSIA SINCE LENIN [ is today, in a series of uncensored articles by an observer who spent months in Russia studying conditions. 'MOUR B. CONGER. solation of a good scrap with his hosts, and go back to the United States. On the wall of his room hangs a big tapestry which he ac- quired speculatively with the idea of selling it to Rockefeller for a fortune when he returns, and there are a lot of rolled-up rugs bought with the same capitalistic schemes in mind. Very Broken Old Man. But he no longer quizzes visitors on prices of such treasures in the United States. Instead, he is apt to sound them out tentatively on rumors that he would not be welcomed with ban- ners and brass bands by his former associates in America, but would en- counter marked hostility from the Reds if he adjusted his difficulties with the courts. All the pep and fizht seems to have evaporated from his soft, bulky body. He looks and talks like a thoroughly broken old man. Aside from the political refugees, per se, there are also a number of foreign colonies composed of groups who have believed the tale of Ar- dian conditions under a bolshevist system to an extent that they have determined to try them on them- selves. Such groups are still coming in, despite all discouraging reports on the actual working out of the bol- shevist theories in practice. One of the best known of these is the Amer- ican Kuzbas colony, composed of syn- dicalist coal miners, who started their autonomous existence in April, 1923, after a series of discouraging experi- ences. | The operation of the mine intrusted to the colony is followed with mixed feelings among the bolshevists, some hoping the promise of revolutioniz- ing the coal mining fndustry in Rus- sia, by providing an object lesson of scientific methods of operation em- ployed abroad, may be realized, while others would derive much malicious joy from a failure of the upstart American innovators. Kuzbas, after getting off to a bad start, has now a certain amount of success to report, the production of coal per miner has been sped up well above that in the Russian mines (I am not sure that such competitive pacemaking efforts would be looked upon with such satisfaction in syndi- calist labor circles in the United States, but here it is a source of much congratulation), and the colony now has in operation a battery of modern coking ovens, a chemical fac- tory turning out benzol and other by- products of coke and is rapidly elec- trifying the equipment of the mine, using waste gases from the coking ovens to run the motors. Undercut Price of Coal. The Siberian Railways last October hit Kuzbas a heavy blow by ceasing to buy the Americans’ coal, but Kuzbas has regained its market by undercutting the price of coal from $9.78 to $3.50 per ton, which it is able to do by econ- omies of operation not vet introduced in the regular Russian coal industry, and_promises still further reductions as the effects of its new scientific inno- vations work out in practice. The Americans also are underselling the government-operated mines on _coke, having cut the price by more than a third, and are competing successfully with the Donetz Coal Syndicate on its own ground. All of which is arousing some bitterness in the regular bolshe- vist coal industry. The present-day vogue in foreign colonization, however, is for agricul- ture. It is figured that the rich “black earth” zone, where crop failures and famines repeat chronically under pre- vailing Russian peasant methods of ag- riculture, Is ready to repay bountifully the labors of the progressive foreign farmer who plows deep enough to avoid having his crops burned out by the first protracted hot spell and who uses mod- ern methods of crop rotation and fer- tilizing. Groups of German: and- Swing- the | paternal | THIS AND THAT BY C. E. TRACEWELL. The romance of railroading is so tied up with statistics that a few fig- ures as to Union Station help in vi- sioning that interesting place. Every one knows, for instance, that the concourse is large, but few realize Just how large. As a matter of cold fact it is bigger by many square feet than the concourse in either of New York city's great railroad stations. The concourse in Union Station here contains 111,592 square feet. The similar area in the Grand Central Sta- tion in New York has only 75200 square feet, while the new Pennsyl- vania Railroad station there has a concourse with but 58,528 square feot of room. Yes, Washington's own Unfon Sta- tion is a wonderful place, from its magnificent concourse to its 52 mile: of track operated by the Washington Terminal Company. There are 20 upper level tracks and 12 tracks on the lower level. * * ¥ * It is out on the tracks beneath the umbrella sheds, and farther out, that the real romance of railroading 'is seen at its best. There puff the great engines, there glide the long Pullman cars, carrying their most precious freight. To the man on the outside, looking bevond the gates is one glimpses as he gets on train. world. It is the work shop, the office, if You please, of the railroad man. An old story to him, these puffing mon- sters of steel, ye grows old. It een only in and off his is hard to break once you do, the pride of occupation gleams in his eyes. He deals with |:Js-mb—nl:11 things. No poring figures for him, but the conversion of black coal into white steam, and the transformation of steam into invis ible, but tangible power. Motion i his, and the whirl of the wind, and the rush through the night, around wide curves, with plunges into tun- nels darker than night itself. The passenger, ‘the traveler, this advantage over the railroad man: All that he sees, all he experi- ences, has the tang of novelt No matter how often a man travels on railroad trains, unless he be a drum- mer, the spice of novelty is his. After all, is not novelty the real condi- ment of life? Men conduct a life- long search after it, and no sooner is it found than they weary of it, and must be off on the age-old quest again. We demand new books, new plays, new music, not because the old are not fine, but because we must ;ha\e something new. Even in | heaven. I am. sure, we will grow tired of the golden streets, and won- | der what is out there in the crystal | haze, calling us on as of old. et £ To many persons the most thrilling sight in the world is a great railroad train has Such a spectacle remains so, despite the marvelous airplane | tery, a | and La There got no craft of mys- winger, dream of Daedulus gley come true was an air pilot who said he thrill out of war-time aerial ‘battles comparable to that secured i a close game of che To me no thrill in transportation equa rived from watching great modern traf master of the e his brief career. track, see the train round a curve, bear down, flash by so smoothly, so quickly, is breath taking. Shivers run up the back, as when cne reads {a story told by'a master. Looking out the window on the flver, hearing the clack-clack-clack, watching the fiying telephone poles and the cow in the fields, and the corn, and the dipping villages with their waving children, this is to experience some- thing of the thrill of railroading. And then to stand, as all of us have, at some time or other. in the concourse, while the long train pulls in, bear- ing an expected dear one—uwell, is not that a sort of immortality, giving us back again one we had loved and lost a while? . * ¥+ % Such thoughts come as one stands in_the concourse at Union Station. But let us go back into the gen- eral waiting room, the real melting pot of Washington. Here every one comes, rich and poor-alike, for even the rich still travel on the trains, while many of the poor have taken to automobiles. Here is a portly man with glasses set up on his forehead, his arms fold- ed on his paunch, as if waiting to lecture some voung man. What has 01d Age to tell Youth, anyway? Not much, it seems to me, but Youth has everything to whisper to Old Age. There is another old man, poring over a little memorandum book, like Father Time making his annual check-up. What would Time be do- ing in Union Station, where great clocks tick him off to eternity sec- ond by second? See, Father Time comes to What is he looking at so? Let me whisper it: The stockings of yon fair younger person! Did I not say that Youth had much to tell Old Age? * k kX What do the thirty-six statues around the waiting room, up there where the concealed lights shine out, mean to the average waiter here? Absolutely nothing! One can look it up in the guide book, but we have no guide book handy. We would prefer to ditch those ancient Roman figures, with their shields, and sub- stitute thirty-six eminent Rotarians, or Kiwanians. Now that would be something like. . ‘We would prefer to take these four Dunkards, just coming in from the trains, transmute them into marble, and place them around to be the everyday gods and goddesses of this, our waiting room. All in brown the ladies go, with tight-fitting bodices and sun bonnet hats. The men are sawed-off little fellows, with tremendously broad- brimmed hats, very straight brims, as if indicative of the straight path to glory. “Information” and “Travelers’ Aid"” are kept busy these days. How does a man ever learn as much as these young men behind the information desk? They know more about trains than Harriman ever knew. Ask them anything, they tell it to you. At the Travelers' Aid of the Dis- trict timid travelers, especially wom- en and children, are helped along their way. This is a fine service, and one which every railroad station in the land ought to possess. The men at the ticket windows are working hard. Their fellows behind the Pullman counter labor as indus- triously. The Weather Bureau man comes out to chalk up the air cur- rents on the big glass map. Union Station is going full blast. —_— the science of that to be de- or riding a Here man is ents for once in To stand by a life! munists were the pioneers in this back- to-the-land movement and have re- ceived allotments to be farmed in com- mon by each community, the amount granted averaging from 70 to 100 acres per family. These are decidedly larger holdings than the average Russian peasant enjoys, and the chances of success are naturally greater. There is now an American colony at Krassny Lukh, in Odessa Province; a group of 250 Americans are to be settled on two estates in Ekaterionslav Province, and the arrival of American scouts from Chicago, Detroit and California to spy out the land for a Communist organi- zation known as “The Herald” has been reported. in—the average passenger—the world | To the trainmen it is the real | a story that never| through the crust of an engincer, but | ove =i The Library Table BY THE BOOKLOVER People Interest us more than any< thing else. That is one reason wl;y newspapers never fail to give em- phasis to the personal aspect of every event they record. Things neary always happen to people. If they happen to prominert people the fn. terest is heightened. This is one reason why the biennial volume of “Who's Who in America™ is of such prime importance in every newspa- per oflice, why it is found in every library and is indispensable to most public officials and to many others. The thirteenth edition of this re- markable book has recently been published. It contains blographical sketches of more than 25,000 “nota- ble living men and Wwomen of the United States” in its 2,700 pages. Two classes of people are included— those who by their achievements are considered sufficiently distinguished and well known, and those who are arbitrarily included on account of official position, civil, military, naval religious or educational. The con- densed sketches of such persons, to- gether with their addresses, make the book widely valuable. The present edition of “Who's Who America,” like certain of ity predecessors, contains studies of the educational advantages enjoyed by the people whose biographies are re- corded therein, in which generaliza- tions are made on the kinds and de- grees of education and on the envie ronment, heredit, and occupations that have been factors in the lives of those who have been included in this dictionary of cotemporary biog- raph 1t is significant that, so far as educational equipment is record- ed, out of every 100 persons in- cluded 77 attended college and 64 were college graduates. 1t would ‘Lxm refore appear that college train- S reefold one’s chances ded in High « the American chool education or its equivalent accounted for an additional 14 per cent of those in- cluded, whereas less than 9 per cent “notables” had only a gram- mar school education. The study of occupations of the fathers of those luded shows that nearly 80 per nt were born on farms or in vil- lages and that a little more than 20 per cent were born in large and small cities; but in proportion to popula- tion, the cities furnished more than | twice as many “notables” as the aver- age, and six times as many as the farms. Furthermore, on the basis of ses where the occupations of hers are given, it appears that of those included were Ly professional and busi- n, less than per cent by . and less than 1 per cent by Clergymen’s sons and daughte make up more than I1 per cent of those included, which means s of population they as did or , 35 times as v as did farmers, and 2,400 times as many did unskilled laborers. These stu indicate that a large share of the “notables” of today have come from certain relatively small groups of the population. They do 't indicate whether this is attribu- table to superior education. home in- ue . thrift or other training fac- tors, or to hered They do show that thus far least few foreign rnhave achieved the rank of essional es * x * % . having firmly estab- in the front ranks of and having within the made excursions into now become a poet. a free-verse nar- Miss Sinclair employs n method of displayving st details the thoughts and emotions of her characters. Nei- ther action nor physical appearances form the interest of the poem, but the f the three characters, Monica, and Elizabeth. Yet there is n so that a decidedly dra- ation develops to which the [blind Viector, the pleasure loving | Monica and "the suffering. purified Elizabeth react in their several ways. Miss Sinclair's description of Monica . famous de- Mona Lisa. 15, when Victor says of d herself fiction writers last few yea | philosc v | “The Dark N | rative er usu in the minut lish = | ma “tor gh c it Monica is « her: “She is not young and she has lived a thousand times; She has looked at her own image in the water of the Nile; She was the first courtesan who waited at the strett cormers of Vinevah.” * ¥ %k of Russian bolshevism try will find a difficult Francis McCullagh's book, hevik Persecution of Christianity.” The author, formerly an officer in the British intelligence service, is able to speak from that first-hand _evidence which is rare | amongz visitors to Russia since the revolution, a he at through the whole trial of Archbishop Cieplak and took copious notes, besides having access, it ms, to the notes of the Soviet stenographers. His informa- tion first appeared in dispatches to an American newspaper and has since been published more fully in this book. ~Capt. McCullagh says of the Cieplak trial that it proved clearly that the bolshevik government is determined to destroy all religion, that all members of the court and all witn es were membe of the Com- munist party and that there were no witnesses for the defense. Of the murder, or so-called execution of Mgr. Budkiewicz he says that, al- though the Reds have attempted to keep secret all details, he has ob- tained from a able source the following information: “He was strip- ped naked and made to traverse & dark corridor leading to another cel- lar, where an experienced execu- tioner was awaiting him. On reach- ing the end of this corridor Mgr. Budkiewicz found himself in a room which was suddenly lit up by a powerful electric light that made the unfortunate priest blink and stag- ger back awkwardly. Before he had recovered himself the executioner had shot him througw the back of the head, and the bullet coming out in the center of the face, had rendered it unrecognizable.” His body was buried with the bodies of nine ban- dits which had been awaiting inter- ment. this hurdle * ok k * In “TheLife and Confessions of a Psychologist,” by G. Stanley Hall, who died recently in his late seven- ties, he confesses that he loved prize fights and never missed an opportuni- ty to see one; that, though he was always known as a non-dancer, he privately took lessons in the “steps of ancient and some of the tabooed modern terpsichorean performances,” and that in many American and for- eign cities he explored the mysteries of the underworld and was even as- saulted once in a den of Apaches in Paris. * ok k¥ Francis Sembal, B. A, son of a French Jew, is the latest realistic character created by Gilbert Cannan. The novel in which he appears is an- other of Mr. Cannan's biographical novels and is called simply “Sembal.” A career of scholastic achievement and revolutionary activity is that of Sembal, who emerges from a child- hood of bitterness to win a university scholarship and then to throw himself into the cause of socialism. During the World War he is a pacifist and spends a short time in jail for failing to register. Love for him proves a disaster. Prejudice against his race handicaps him in all his relations. As Mr. Cannan describes him, he fs an nteresting but not especially attrac- tive figure, : -