Evening Star Newspaper, June 17, 1924, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHBINGTON, D. C. -June 17, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. , . . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Offiee. 11th St. and Pennsyivania Ave. New York Office: ‘110 Kast 42nd St. Chicago Offier: Tower Bnilding. Earopean Oftice: 16 Regent 8i.,London, Engla The Evening Star. with the Sundsy morning edition. s delivered by earriers within the ity af 60 cents per month: daily only, 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents’ per nonth. | Orders may he sent hy pheue Main 5000 Collection is made by vor- Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and i Daily and Sunda, Traily only .. Sunday only . All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; Daily only . Sunday only Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press i exclusively entitled fo the ‘use for republication of all news dis. patches credited to it or not otherwise credited er and also e local news pub. All rights of publication of ches hereln are also reserved. St. Paul and La Follette. Today at St. Paul assembles a con- vention of political odds and ends, mostly odds. They are the representa- tives of ultra-progressives, radicals mer-Laborites who are think- ing of forming a party to combat the | old established parties. They range all the way from mild-mannered farmers, | who feel that “something ought to be to aid them. to extreme dissent- s ugainst the present order of things America, communists of the red St s a political movement this meet- £ is not likely to cause much dis- rbance. It is managed by a small oup of manipulators who are them- | far from agreement on prin- ciples. They are not headed in any warticular direction, because the guides are headed in different directions, In one respect, however, this con- vention may have a peculiar effect upon the campaign that is now open- inz. Some time ago Mr. La Follette, setting forth his position regarding campaign, took occasion to de- nounce, in advance of its meeting, this convention In strong terms. He herated radicals as enemies of zovernment, and declared that he would have nothing to do with such association. But it seems that the St. Paul meeting is not to be rebuffed. Those who are talking out there— that those who are talking the loudest—are now saying that the con- vention is going to indorse La Fol- lette for President regardless of his a iation. Of course, it is going to do Mr. La Follette no particular good to be in- dorsed by such a group. even though he has put it under the ban of his dis- approval. In fact, it is going to harm him seriously to be associated even unwillingly with the radicals. There are a great many Americans who are prone to judge @ man by the company that keeps him, even though he may not have chosen that company. According to the preliminary news accounts this St. Paul assemblage is numerically less radical than the school of " Foster and Ruthenbersg, both of whom are present and very much in evidence. And spéaking of numbers, it would seem that the at- tendance is considerably less than was expected. Possibly the La Follette de- nunciation had something to.do with this dwindling. Assuredly there is no political asset for La Follette in the friendliness with which this condemned concatenation at St. Paul manifests for him. Pro- tests, in advance or concurrently or subsequently, against indorsement by such a gathering will not remove the stain in the public. mind. Like Lady cbeth’s “damned spot,” it will cling. —e—— Thirteenth Street. Tt has been plain for years that 13th street had too much sidewalk and too # little roadway, and to meet conditions @ very pretty part of the past is to be biotted out. The trees on 13th stréet between F and I are to be cut down and rooted up, and no more will be planted on that part of the street. Twenty feet will be taken from the walk on each side of the street and added to the roadway, and there will be an elghty-foot roadway with a fif- teen-foot walk on each side. Many persons feel sorrow that the change is being madf. Especially do older citizens regret that the -wide, familiar pavements and the trees are to pass. It is a reminder that time rolls by, and that the city changes as the years are counted off. But we know that trade and traffic are inex- orable. The wide footways are used hy but few persons, and the roadway is always crowded and often blocked with cars. Not long ago 13th street, like many other streets in the commercial part of Washington, had broad patches of garden between the house fronts and the red brick footways. There were bands of turf above which lines of trees grew. There was a roadway forty feet wide. It was wider than traffic needed. Horse-drawn vehicles passed leisurely, and here and there a horse was picketed to a hitching post and a carriage stopped before a marble carriage block. Then -the homes were overwhelmed by business, and the gardens gave way that all be. tween the roadway and the house fronts might be sidewalk. The red- brick footwalks yielded to gray ce- ment, and vaults of business houses were dug beneath them. Traffic in- creased, but the trees and remnants of the parking remained. And now another bit of old Washington passes. [ — For a secret society the Ku Kiux Klan must be credited with a remark- ably energetic publicity system. —et———— Summer Tourists. TYesterday a ship sailed for Europe filled with members of the American Olympic teams which are going to Paris to compete for the world cham- pionships in sports. They got a great send-off in New York. The good wishes of a multitude were cxpressed, and from now on their work on the field will be followed with the keenest in- iterest. Today two other great liners ne the ists, and this will occur almost daily for several weeks. The ouytflow of Americans overseas this year s enormous. Some of the liners have been booked full for weeks ahead, and as for return passages, they are at a high premium. ‘This annual transatlantic movement has grown to such proportions that the established services are overtaxed. People are now ‘‘running across” to Europe for the summer who a few years ago would not dream of such an adventure. They are in most cases following the usual tourist routes, but many are striking out into com- paratively strange places. They are seelng the old country thoroughly, save Russia, which remains virtually closed to ordinary travel. Probably many would go into Russia even but for the uncertainty of getting enough to eat and the possibility of:running into difficulties with the strange soviet system. While thesc throngs are crowding the steamers for the European voy- age an even greater number are going into the western part of this country to visit the national parks and nat- ural wonders. The park administra- tion has prepared for the largest visi- tation in history. Many of them will go by motor car. They will “see America.” It is impossible to compute the amount of money that will be spent by the summer tourists at home and abroad, but the sum will go far into the millions without question. Europe, of course, welcomes the inflow of American cash. There are those who feel that these sums will be better spent on this side. Everybody gets the benéfit of home touring. which simply stimulates circulation and spreads funds more quickly and wide- Iy. But there is a lure about foreign travel that cannot be countered by even the marvels of American scen- ery. Perhaps those who go abroad this year will remain at home next season to acquaint themselves with domestic delights. The Two-Thirds Issue. That majority rule proposition of the McAdoo boomers is furnishing the liveliest topic of discussion in these tense days preceding the Democratic convention. Those who are opposed to McAdoo, boomers themselves for other candidates, notably Gov. Smith, are ridiculing the argument that the adop- tion by the San Francisco convention of the rules of the House of Repre- sentatives in fact abrogated the two- thirds rule. Franklin Roosevelt. the Smith boom manager, has consulted lawyers and proclaims his conviction that the 1920 convention was merely guided by the House rules on par- llamentary procedure, and that the twothirds rule was not affected by their adoption. The fact that Cox was not declared nominated until he had passed the two-thirds point is cited as proof. But the McAdoo boomers are not to be downed so readily. McAdoo's ad- visers are preparing to urge himon h arrival in New York tomorrow to chal- lenge Gov. Smith to unite with him to abolish the two-thirds rule. Their argument is that without enough votes to reach the two-thirds point the McAdoo strength will last only & few ballots and disintegration will soon set in. If the two-thirds rule is abrogated McAdoo's strength, now claimed to’be nearly 500. will suffice to put him over in a few ballots. There are 1,098 votes in the convention; 550 will nominate on a majority vote, while 732 are needed on a two-thirds basis. ‘Nothing doing!” is most likely to be the Smith reply to any such proposal | Of course, | i®McAdoo should make it. it the Smith strength is as great as his boomers claim he would have al- most an even chance with McAdoo for the majority goal. But, as a matter of fact, even the most ardent of the Smith contenders knows that McAdoo has an “edge” on the situation. The Smith people can stand by the tradl- tional rule of the party without con- fessing weakness. The two-thirds prin- ciple has prevailed from the beginning of Democratic conventions. Its main- tenance has become a definite policy. Its abrogation, if ever undertaken, should be for future effect and not for immediate application to the conven- tion at hand. Thus the Smith argu- ment may and probably will run. Unless when McAdoo arrives in New York tomorrow he concludes that there is danger in a fight on the two-thirds rule—for a defeat on this point would be a sad biow to his prestige—a lively row is likely to be precipitated at the outset of the meet- ing. Not even the mellifiuent voice of Keynoter Pat Harrison could quell the storm that would arise. — e Nomination of the President to suc- ‘ceed himself lightens the task of the campaign songster. “Mr Cotlidge, You're the Man for Me" is easy. The fact that the Republican vice presiden- tial nominee has but one syllable in his rfame will require ingenious de- parture from the recognized pattern. —_———————————— Even fn advance of the organization of a new party, Mr, Dawes is con- fidently regarded as having made seri- ous inroads on its possible member- ship. . ————— A French race meeting attains such importance as a fashion display that the Paris dressmakers claim annual congratulations as big winners. 1. W. W.'s in California. Those I. W. W. folks who met the other night at SBan Pedro, Calif., and expressed themselves in terms of con- tempt for the American sailors who lost their lives in the explosion on the battleship - Mississippl have had occa- sion since to realize that they are themselves liable to sudden detona- tion.. A crowd of men, some of whom were dressed in naval uniforms, de- scended on the meeting and wrecked the place, administering rough treat- ment to some of the participants. Then the radicals threatened to biow up the morgue where lay the bodies of the dead séamen, Following this came a tar 'party. Nobody knows exactly ‘what happened, but there are evidences that four persons were given the tra- ditional feather coat, and that one of them, at least, was a member of the so far as known no mailors took part in the raid on the meeting. The use of uniforms may have been a bit of drama by the indignant civilians who, it would appear, constituted the raid- ing party. This has been done béfore. It is an old device, and while it is.cal- culated to get other men inta trouble it is not entirely reprehensible. This raid on the 1. W. W. meeting was wholly justified. And those who took part in it acted from the best motives of patriotism.’ 1. W. W.ism is rife on the Pacific coast, manifesting itself in many ways. There is a profound public feeling against ‘it on the part of substantial citizens, business men and even true industrial workers. This affront to the dead seamen of the Mississippl ‘wus one of the breaking points-of pub- lic patience. There is keen memory of the outrage at Centralia, Wash., on an anniversary of Armistice day, when several ex-service men in a parade were killeq by a bomb thrown from 1. W. W. headquarters. —————— A curious contrast in events is pre- sented when the “‘smartest boy In school” requires a regiment of alien- ists. to prove that his mental equip- ment is unreliable, Education is de- fective when it fails to provide means of intellectual discrimination between right and wrong. ————— Criticisms are addressed to Mr. But- ler by prominent members of the Re- publican party. Many members of the *old guard” will recall similar experi- ences on their own account after dis- charging the duties of floor-managing a convention. —————— One advantage of the United States form of government lies in the num- ber of resignation rumors it can ac- commodate without any necessary in- ference that there will be a cabinet crisis. —r—e—————— Fortunately for Senator La Follette political influence is concentrated in two great parties. Otherwise he might have to pass the entire summer super- vising convention after convention. ———————— It has been some time since Magnus Johnson felt like renewing his lauda- ble efforts to have the Golden Rule considered in the regular order of business ——————— With Presideat Coolidge an odds-on favorite in the betting, it becomes plain that the bookmakers as well as the statesmen recognize him as a safe man. —————— Both managers and actors must agree that the “closed-shop” proposi- tion ought to be handled in a manner that will not call for the closed theater. ———————— Possibly both parties will consent to relieve a wearisome strain on public attention by providing various substi- tutes for oil as a controversial topic. —— e An unusual distinction has been ac corded Gen. Dawes, who will have en. gaged the attention of voters on two continents. —— e TUp to the present time Gov. Al Smith has a little the best of the ap- plause owing to his position as a local favorite. e While confident of Mr. McAdoo's nomination, his friends do not insist at present on making it unanimous. ————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PBIGBERV 1:;1‘1.\50\- From Deluge to Drought. Raindrope falling from the sky! Oh, Miss Junetime, don't you cr; Clouds will fade and sun will shine On the blossoming down the line. Sure enough. the sky grows bright. Ob, Miss Junetime, be polite! Though your weeping we deplore, Too much laughter is a bore. Conserving Energy. “Which would you rather be, a dark horse or a favorite son?” “Dark horse,” answered Senator Sorghum. “In case you lose you don't feel that you've wasted so many precious hours shaking hands and making speeches.” Read and Learn. ‘Why should these problems make one feel That maybe he's a partial dunce, ‘When campaign platforms can reveal The means of settling all at once! Jud Tunkins says he favors cautious driving, but out his way you've got to speed a little to keep from being run over from behind. Prudent Hesitation. He felt a homicidal thrill. But first he figured on the bill For psychoanalytic skill. A million dollars does not go A long way to obtain & show Of complex, urge and libido. So, for the present, he insists On staying in the lawful lists, He can't afford the allenists. Seotch. “England used to set many fash- ions.” & ‘Times change,” observed Uncle Bill Bottletop. “Scotland seems to be do- ing it now.” The Faith of Youth. Magnificent would be your fate, From error you would linger far If you could be as good-and great As some fine lad believes you are. ‘Truth Teller. “I'm flat broke!” said the weary citizen. “Flat broke?” “Yes. 1 have just paid another month’s rent 6n my apartment.” Sporting Instinct. ‘That gambling’s wrong we all agree. And yet it Dleasgs us to see - Thoee wicked betting odds are great In favor of our candidate, “Dar wouldn’ be no trouble 'bout education,” said Uncle Eben, “if we could all remember dem lessons on de blackboard as easy as we does whut 5all with every cabin filled with tour-| It.is reported from San Pedro that ‘happex}ed at de circus,” <103 \ w 1 BY FRANK Since eix of the eleven presidents of the third French republic have chosen or been forced to resign, and since the office itself, never of real importance, loses most of its ‘small prestige as a consequence of the re- cent episode, the passing of Millerand is of relatively minor significance, despite its dramatio circumstances. When the president made bis now famous speech at Evreux, backing Poincare and the “bloc national in the then forthcoming ejection, he in- vited the fate which has overtaken him. Back of this recent offending, how- ever, are many other actions which have earned political or ° personal hatred. In fact, &ince he started as an extreme ‘radical—like Briand, for that matter—Millerand naturally has the undying hatred of the Bocialists and Communists. The latter, how- ever, have a much more recent griev- ance. which was much mentioned in the debate which decided the issue. * xR x = Made: prime. minister in siiccession to Clemenceau, and with the full ap- proval of the Tiger,' who had made him the first French representative in Alsace-Lorraine since the recon- quest. Millerand _intervened- in the Russo-Polish war at the moment when the red troops were approach- ing Warsaw and Poland seemed lost. He sent Weygand, Foch's great chief of staff, together with officers and munitions, and the red invasion was turned back. The defeat of Trotsky's forces before Warsaw, moreover, was the turning point of the fortune of bolshevism outside of Russia. and thus a disaster for_ all Communists everywhere. Even more costly for Millerand, however, was his intervention dur- ing the' Cannes conference between Lloyd George and Briand. when the president suddenly _summoned the prime minister to Paris. When he arrived it was to find a situation so compromised, through Millerand’s operations, that he bad no choice but to resign.’ Briand has now paid an old and bitter grudge. * % ox % The vote in the Chamber of Depu- ties which forced Millerand's resig- nation is particularly interesting be- cause it shows that the bloc National lost and the bloc of the left gained votes. In the new chamber the for- mer, counts 244 votes, while the lat- ter counts 280. to which were added on this occasion the 31 votes of the Communists; but even this addition makes but 309 votes, while the op- ponents of the president polied 3 The bloc National by contrast only 214 of its votes. Whether Doumergue or Painleve fs now chosen president is a matter of little moment, because neither can exercise much influence. What the removal of Millerand does insure ix that the influence of the president of the republic will not be used against the bloc of the left, us it certainly would have been had Millerand re- mained. That is probably why the radicals joined the So: lowed Briand rather than Herriot in disposing of Millerand. The elimination of Millerand com- pletes the victory of the opponents of Poincare and of the policles of bloc National. Poincare, himself, was far more liberal than Milierand, and his hand was forced more than once, perhaps, in the matter of the Ruhr Press Regrets Failure of z Postal Salary Raise General regret is expressed by edi- tors without regard to party through- out the country because President Coolidge deemed it necessary to veto the postal salary increase bill, which had met with popular approval. For the most part Congress, and not the President, is censured for the failure of the bill “In view-of the work involved and the general economic conditions, there has been a general public belief that the postal employes deserved better compensation than they were receiv- ing" according to the Springfield Union (Republican), which believes that “it would be quite possible to cover the increase in expenditures so occasioned by a readjustment of cer- tain postal rates that possibly condi- tions required in any case,” but “in the circumstances there can be no de- nial that the position the President has taken is entirely consistent with his policy of keeping down increases in public expenditures covered by general taxation. Those who are disappointed with the President's present action, the Philadelphia _ Bulletin | (independent Republican) holds, “should place on Congress its real responsibility for the conditions which have led to the presidential veto,” because “Congress refused to accept the plan of tax re- vision, which would . have insured additional revenue along with relief of taxpayers' burdens, and indorsed expenditures which will cause a deficit at no remote period.” ‘The bill which should have passed was one providing for a scientific adjustment of postal salaries,” in the opinion of the New York Herald-Tribune (Re- publican), which declares “the Presi- dent favors such an adjustment and £0 does the country, but the nation- wide distribution of public funds which Congress had in view was an affront, to common sensc.” * % x % “President Coolidge's objection to the postal pay raise is at least con- sistent,”” continues the Reading Trib- une (independent), but “it was cer- tainly wrong in practice,” because “it means the most trustworthy em- ployes will leave the department as rapidly as they can find better payving positions, and it will result in worse ‘| postal service than the country en- joys today. as bad as it is”"_ The Brooklyn Eagle (independent Demo- cratic) finds it hard to believe that “the money thus saved to the nation will compensate for the probable in- jury to the department,” but =Con- Eress stands convicted of instncerity in sending it to the White House in a condition to make a veto certain.’ This is also the belief-of the Grand Rapids - Press - (independent), which claims that “even as a tax investment the postal raise was not only justified but essentjal.”” because, “demoraliza- tion of the postal service is a more expensive tax than this provision for postal clerks: stipends could possibly be.’ The Milwaukee - Journal (inde- pendent) “can think of a good many government enterprises to which the word ‘extravagant’ may be justly ap- plied.” but it “cannot think of any to which the application is more un- called for than to this attempt of the postal men to obtain a wage that pays their grocery bills and permits them to lay away a little something for a rainy day,” and “to the extent the President’s action reduces the efficiency of the postal department through the loss of its best men, the whole country will suffer from this veto.” ) * % % x “fhe Omaha World-Herald (independ- ent) regrets the veto because ‘“had it been ‘permitted to become law it would have raised the pay of minor employes of the post office service, the hewers of wood and drawers of water, the clerks. and letter carriers whose diligence and @evotion to duty make the postal service the splengid thing it is.” The New York polied | lists and fol- | H. SIMONDS occupation by presidential influence. Herriot is now free to form a min- istry, and it is reasonably sure that he will have a decisive majority in the chamber. * % k X That the majority will long endure may, however, be questioned. Briand and not Herriot Is the real force be- hind the present combine, and his hand is disclosed in the management of the political execution of Millerand. Sooner or later he seems now sure to roturn to power, and his return will mark his ninth appearance as French premier. The solution of the presidential crisis, which must come promptly with the choice of a new president, will ‘leave the French chamber at last ready to take up the discussion of the Dawes report and will enable Herriot to resume those discussions with Ramsay MacDonald which were suddenly Interrupted when Poincare's defeat prevented his going to Eng- land for conference as he had planned. Millerand, like Poincare, is almost certain to continue a force in Krench politics, perhaps an even more dan- &crous ‘opponent of the radicals out of the Elysece than in it. And the real difficulties of the victors of the election and the presidential skir- mish arc just beginning. An associa tion of rad Is, Socialist® and even Communists to defeat Poincare and o expel Millerand was not dificult to organize. But it is going to be much more difficult to keep together enough of the combination to sus- tain a radical cabinet * % ok ok Behind the scenes, too, Briand is | pretty sure to work against Herriot. Briand's game will be to seek a new |combination with the old followers ‘Knl’ Poincare on a more moderate plat- form than that of Poincare. He will count upon the growing dissatisfac- tion in France that will result from the influence of the Soclalists. who will supply 104 votes to sustain the Herriott cabinet, and, since these votes are necessary, can demand whatever price they choose for them. Herriot's _combination, then, in contrast to Herriot himself, is prob- ably much more radical than is France. It has accomplished its main purposes and probably the main pur- poses of the French electorate, by dispoging of both Poincare and Mil- lerand. Now it will be difficult to find any common basis of policy for the various and conflicting units in the bloc of the loft It is an odd circumstance that at the precise moment when che Amer- ican President in the Republican na- tional convention is demonstrating | his control of the dominant party and the temporary eclipse of the leg- | islative leaders, the French Parlia- |ment, in both branches, should suc- fully eliminate their president But there is really littlc analogy, for | the French president has never been potentially comparable with the American, and Millerand, like several of his predeccssors, has iost his place largely through an effort to magnify it, Now that the storm is over, we shall | probably have a period of calm in | French politics lasting until some for- eign or domestic crisis offers a chance i {to Briand. Obviously, now, every- thing walts upon Germany, and the French radicals will have a short] shrift if the new German Reichstag | alls into the hands of the German re- | ctionaries. (Copyright, 1924, by the McClure Newspaper Syndicate.) | | Evening World (independent Demo- cratic) argues “if the administration had resented the organized effort of the powerful industrial interests to get a | tarift permit to pick the pockets of the taxpavers under the protection of the police, its indignation because of the ‘organized effort’ of these employes to get a living, wage would have been more impressive.” In short, the government, the Lynchburg News (Democratic) in- sists. “declines to recognize the same sensible and humane promptings that are evidenced by private employers, and really proceeds upon the assumption that the laborer is not worthy of his hire: all of which results to the grave prejudice of the public to the disadvan- tage of the millions of men, women and children throughout the country who are entitled to enjoy an increasingly satis- factory administration of the postal sy tem, besides imposing a rank hardship upon postal employes.” * x x % The Detroit News (independent) is | heartily sorry the President “vetoed the | bill on the ground of necessary ccon- omy,” because “it is highly probable that it would have been made up for by a great increase in the efficiency of the department, which is rapidly goiog to pieces because of its inability to com- pete with industry for employes- capable of doing painstaking and arduous work which the postal service requires. The Forth Worth Star-Telegram (independ- ent Democratic) regards the veto as “unfortunate except in ome respect, that is, “it warns congressmen against the practice of avolding responsibility for fiscal legislation in currying favor with certain classes” and ‘“the_veto would have been less obviously the thing to do, even in the: President's eves, had Congress met the issue honestly by pass- ing also a bill to raise the added amounts appropriated” The St Paul Dispatch (independent) also feels “Con- gress ignored utterly the need of pro- viding more revenue for that department and refused to make any inquiry into what salary increases were fair and what were not—it has been wholly meretricious.” A Russian Relates Sun Spots to War The pacifists are working on a wrong theory. They may get some people to sign pledges and pass res- olutions never to engage in war again, even in self-defense or the defense of humanity, but it will do no good. Prof. Tchijewsky, a Ras- sian scientist, has been looking up history of sun spots as well as the history of wars, and figds that they are so remarkably related as to prove—to his mind, at least—that the relation is faused and not merely accidental. When the sun spots become numer- ous, a portentous stirring in human affairs is glso néted. As the sun spots recede toward the minimum, we quiet down in corresponding de- gree. In each century, he finds, there are nine periods of unusual disturb- ance on: the solar surface, and like- wise nine synchronous outbursts of political and military activity. Doubtless Prof. Tchijewsky’s theory will attract a good deal of curious comment, and both astronomers and historians are likely to conclude that he has had to manhandle astronomi cal and historical facts rather vio- lently in order to get them jnto an apparently harmonious teamwork. You can prove almost anything in history or science, if only those to whom you are addressing your argu- ments “are sufficiently unprejudiced by an excess of accurate knowledge in those fields. The Russian savant will have a difficult task, however, if he attempts to -prove that it was only a sun epot which sent the kaiser’s troops across Belgiym amd over the French border in 1914w “olumbus Evening . Dispatch. z ’ NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM OUR FOREIGN AFFAIRS. Paul Scott Mowrer. E. P. Dutton & Co. Time for the next lesson, Paul Scott Mowrer says. So he calls the class together. A big class, big as the as- sembled people of the whole United States. A new lesson, too, set by the immediate effects of the war. Turn- ing his back squarely upon idealist and dreamer, visionary and utoplan— upon the whole pestiferous tribe of reformers generally—Mr. Mowrer an- nounces this to be a plain lesson in self-interest, national self-interest, specifically that of our own country. The study proves, in sum, to be as practical as the subject in its de- clared purpose demands that it should be. As practical and definite, for instance—as sizeable and usable —as a plan to 1ift this year's matured mortgage, or to secure markets for next year's wheat and corn crops. Moreover, the lesson follows a clear and straight road of development. And this by virtue of its own logic ledds, whether we like it or not, right up to the open door of foreign affairs: Here {5 where we are going to_stop a while. “Foreign affairs*—Mr. Mow- rer quoting Marquis Curzon now—'4f you examine the matter, are really domestic affairs—tbe most domestic of all our affairs, for this reason— they touch the life, the interest, and the” pocket of every member of the community. It is in relation to our foreign affairs that every man and woman in this country secures im- munity from war, rellef from the heavy burden of taxation, prosperity of trade and industry.” * % % % The lesson of national self-interest set here by Mr. Mowrer rests upon two essential conditions, one general in its application, the other of special import to the United States. The first, bearing equally upon all na- tions and all peoples, is a product of the past hundred years, wherein sci- ence has changed the broad earth into a narrow neighborhood of ready contacts and speedy communications. A situation tremendously potential, this—on the one hand for peace and its upbuilding pursuits, on the othor for wap, with its irretrievable de- structions. Plain sense—that is, com- mon_ self-interest for the nation, as for the individual~directs the choice here between life and death, between success and failure, between pros- perity and a degraded poverty, be- tween human behaviors and those of the savage. It is from this part of the study that Mr. Mowrer draws the fine and wholesome lesson of co-oper- ation. This, from now on, to be the directive force in any productive and civilized intercourse of peoples the world over. No, not an advocacy of pacifism. Not within a thousand miles of that. Instead. Mr. Mowrer, for the use of the world, merely expands the give-and-take measures that hold families together and neighborhoods. He simply projects for wider uses those methods that promote a decent harmony of purpose and action in town and county, state and nation. A world-wide co-nperation in pro- ducing and distributing the life-sup- porting needs of humanity, this is the world's next lesson, its next les- on in plain self-interest. Yes, mere economics, if you want to call it that. o matter what you cadl it. It i here to be seized and pushed to frui- tion under the deep and enlightened conviction that it is time for hu- manity to step definitely out and on into his destined up-grade of human fulfillment. “The class will please gbserve’—as the teacher used to say e class, in this case, States itself. feitis Uit * % ox % A startling effect of the war was its liberalizing influence. Under it monarchies went down. Republics sprang. into life. Mr. Mowrer lists thed®, picturing. broadly. the natural confusions and excesses that waited upon these sudden releases from tra- ditional control, upon this swift pas- sage into a wider and more responsi- bl political existence. In one sense, democracy was literally let loose by the great conflict. And here is where the second part of this lesson begins, Krl? part that belongs directly to the United States for a sincere and studi- ous comning, to the end that this country may give whole-heartedly and usefully of its tried experience in republicanism for the advantage of those neoples that are now but just | Stepping out into the road of this particular political adventure. For a century and a half this country has tested its republicanism m\darr{a,vcrv sort of national and international stress. Our government is no longer an experiment. It is the supreme fact under which a free people has risen to a broad, deep-seated security for the present and equal promise for the future. Whether we wish to be such or not, we stand as a model for the brood of new-fledged republics of the old world. We should be more than a model. That is a cold and Puritanic role. “We should be the friend, the kindly guide, generous and open- handed in support. This, by the way, is the part of Mr. Mowrers lesson that is pointed upon us Suddenly, unexpectedly, the war left us super- eminent—rich, powerful, safe. We stood, and stand. the ideal of demoo- racy. ‘embodied in fact, intrenched in experience. And it is for something that we so stand—for something to insure our continuance in such well- being, to promote our already’ high estate to one more exalted vet. Oniy one way in the world to achieve this end of self-interest. To give of our healthful _substance, through the channels of economics and politics, to the new governments in order that their permanence and prosperity may redound to our own continued leader- ship. * x % % I hope this running survey of Mr. Mowrer's book will not lead you to think that he has offered 2 preach- ment, or delivered a tract of soft and unworkable idealism. Nothing could be further from that in this lesson of his. To be sure, he does urge direct participation In forelgn affairs, giving many reasons for this,-and elaborating methods of swinging our diplomacy and our diplomatic ma- chinery into more fruitful lines. He is a good historian, buttressing his lesson with shrewd estimates of current movements and effects. Not- withstanding this equipment and the temptations which it sets up before him, be does hold himself to an all- around consideration of the self- interest of the United States through a larger and deeper partaking in the affairs of the old world. In the economics by enlightened trade and industry. In the politics by promot- ing the principles of repablicanism through example and education. * X ¥ % Among our clear prepossessions is that of our own moral superiority over other peoples. That has often held us back from action that, but for it, might have made‘'us make part in the troubles of this people or that one. Let us listen in, for the good of our souls, to.what Mr. Mowrer has to say in this conmection. We look with pride upon our. growth, with pride and self-justification. “But Europeans read in history of how, contrary to our agreement with France, we made a separate treaty with England after the War of Inde- pendence; of how we tried and failed to annex Canada by force in 1812; of how we selzed Florida from Spain, practically by armed invasion: of how we took Texas, New Mexico, California; of how we claimed, and tried to obtain, all the Pacific coast as far north as Alaska; of how we got Porto Rico and the Philippines, and established a protectorate over Cuba; of in .what happy circam- stances we Secured the Panama Canal Zone—and it seems to them by no means merely ‘natural’ all thi but a very energetic and stron, ANSWERS To QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. What has become of the light on the Washington Monument?— P. A, . A The searchlight on the roof gar- den of the Powhatan Hotel will be thrown on the Monument as soon as weather permits the opening of the roof garden. Q. Are the collie and shepherd dog the same’™—W. M. G. A. They are not. The shepherd dog originated in Germany and is also called the police dog. in France it is called the French police dog; in Belgium the Belgian police, and in England, the Alsatian wolf dog. The collie is the real shepherd's dog and was developed In the Highlands of Scotland. The dog, of all domestic animals, is the only one which seems to grasp the connection between man and man's property. This attribute is most eonspicuous in collies and shepherd dogs. Q. What kind of melon is the Tex- as honey ball’—R. O. E. A. This new type of melon is a cross between the Texas canmon ball cantaloupe and the California honey dew melon. It is almost perfectly round and averages about five inches in diameter. It will be on the mar- ket about July 15 Q. Charles Blank served about two years overseas in the Army and was married about one year after his re- turn; he is now dead, and his widow maried to John Doe. 1s his widow entitled to adjusted compensation due him?—A. E. 8. A. Since the widow has remarried she is not entitled to any part of his adjusted service pay. Q. How is sandstone now being treated td make of it a hard building | stone?—N. R. A. The bureau of standards has been " conducting tests to make of sandstone a building stone of tremendous strength, cheaper but stronger than the best granite. Or- dinarily, sandstone will withstand a pressure of not more than 8,000 to 9,000 pounds a square inch. = After being soaked in melted sulphur for several hours, however, its strength of compression is increased to 30.000, or about 300 per cent This is due to the fact that the porous sandstone soaks up large quantities of the sul- phur. Cement immersed in melted sulphur also has been found to gain remarkably in strength. Tests are in progress to determine how well ‘the sulphur-impregnated withstands exposure Q. Which of the fruit trees grows | the fastest?’—M. R. E. A. The apple tree grows most rap- idly. The peach and plum trees, ho ever, bear fruit first. Q. Are there any girl operators in China?>—C. § A. Girls have recently been chésen for switchboard service in China, tak- ing the place of the male operators. This duplicates American telephone history, for in the pioneer telephone days in this country boys and men were employed exclus ¥y as op- erators. \ telephone Q. How wide is the Nile?—R. K A. At its widest point it is twelve miles across Q;, Who gave Cape Cod its name?— A. Cape Cod was so named by Bartholomew Gosnold because he caught many codfish there. F Q. What is the origin of “wishing American Jazz Invades Far East BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Chinese who have been educated in the United States have introduced American jazz music'in the Far East where it is becoming increasingly popular. This is_shown in official dispatehes from Consul Leroy Web- ber at Hongkeng and Trade Commis sioner G. C. Howard at Shanghai. Because Chinese music differs so radically from t of western peo- ple, the developing craze for jazz, for band music and symphony orch means an important trade develop- ment with the United States, second only to Germany in supplying the de- mand for instruments. Official_veports from Trade missioner Howard show that Shang- hai has a symphony orchestra of about fifty pleces, plaving on Sunday afternoons during the winter months in the town hall and at Jessfield Park and Hongkew Park several eve- nings a week during the summer. A brass band of twenty to twenty-five pieces plays in the bund park during the summer. In addition, there are some dozen more or less permanent dance or- chestras of from five to ten pieces, using the usual piano, traps, violin, saxophone. ~cornet, _trombone, _banjo and bass viol combination common in America. There are also groups of from three to ten Chinese who play foreign-style horas and drums in wedding and funeral processions, pa rades and for advertising purposes. * ok ok ¥ In the case of the symphopy, the ‘instruments are owned by the indi- vidual musicians. It is a purely vol- unteer organization, made up of vari- ous nationali and only a small charge is made for admission to its winter recitals, while the summer re- citals at the parks are free: a small charge is being made for chairs. It renders very excellent programs and its recitals are all well attended. In dance orchestras the instru- ments, with the exception of the pi- anos, are individually owned, and in most cases brought to Shanghal by the owners. A few of the colleges have bands, and there is some demand for band instruments from the various mili- tary organizations in China. Sales are recorded in banjos, man- dolins, guitars, ukuleles, ete., to in- dividual purchasers, both foreign and Chinese. There is a good demand for sheet music in Hongkong, China, and deal- ors report.a marked improvement in this line during the past few vears, according to Consul Webber of Hons- ong. Com- * % k% It is estimated that 30 per cent represented dance music and popular songs, and the remainder classical, semi-classical and band music. Prac- tically all of the sales are confined to the foreign residents of the col- ony and the more prosperous class of Chinese. Imports from the United States have consisted chiefly of dance music and popular songs, while most of the classical music was eecured from con tinental Europe. However, local deal- ers report that they have lately been able to secure a very good selection of classical and semi-classical music in portfolio and album bindings from the United States and that American sales of such music are on 'the in- crease, Some dealers have made arrange- ments with representatives of Ameri- can firms located on the Pacific coast to have regular supplies of dance and song music sent them; the local importer in turn sells to other large retailers on & thirty-day basis, with discounts vayying from 20 to 40 per cent. Shipnienits are as a rule ef- fected by~parcel post. e willed policy indeed.” dental, this review of some of our national doings, but interesting enough and flluminating enough for us to look it over, when we feel those surges of self-righteousness to which we are subject. It is desirable that nations, as well as individuals, Simply _inci- sandstoney | | | | 1 £ wells" and what superstition is con- neeted with them?—O0. M. S. A. The origin of wishing wells has not been definitely traced. They have been known to very ancient peoples and are found in various countrie The Druids in England pretended predict future events from holy wel The superstitious adoration of fou tains was forbidden in Kngland as early as 960 and was also mentioned by St. Anselm in 1102. It is belicved that persons who throw pins into them can find out whether or not, and how soon, they will be married. Pil grims were frequently accustomed 1o kneel before them and _throw pieces of gold into the wells for the accomplishment of their wishes. Q. What Veterans' Hospitals other than the one at Tuskegee, Ala., em- ploy colored trained nurses?’—B. E. R. A. Tuskegee is the only institution of the sort which employs colored trained nurses. Q. What would be the advantage of "an international language—J W. T A. The object in promoting such an international language as Ksperanto is to have one universal language that would be so simple and regular that any person, regardiess of na- tionality. might acquire it with ease. It would be helpful as a means of international communication, ecspe- cially for business purposes. Q. What is meant by sion “Paddy’s hurricane w. M A. When there is no breeze and u pepnant hangs against the mast, it | safd that Paddy’s hurricane i blow ing, or that the wind is up and down the’ mast Q. When w | reau organize T CP A. The frecdmen’s bureau was or- ganized for the purpose of super vision, temporary maint employment of freedom emancipation. Tt was known as th: bureau of refugees, frecdmen and abandoned lands and was established in the War Department on the 4d ¢ f 1 March, 1865, to continue for a year after the end of the war It wa discontinued in 1869, but its edgea tional work was continued until 18; The funds that remained werc ployed for the most part for thi ucational work. Q. What tribe known as the J. W. § A. This name is appiled to t Pueblo Indians, who are consideres the most highly eivilized of the mans | Indian tribes found in this countr: In 1910 there were 280 distinct Indiar |tribes in -the United States Alaska. he expres the fresdmen’s bu- of cliy Indians dwellers’ ann Q. Was Davy Crockett ever in Con- gress”—F. G. S. A. David Crockett was in Congress from 1826 to 1830 and from 1832 to 1834, representing a Tennessen con stituency. At the end of his last congressional term he joined the Texans in their war against Mexico and helped defend the Alamo in 1836.» He was one of the six =ur vivors who surrendered, and was shot | by order of Santa Anna. Q. Who painted the picture of the revolution that has thres figures one playing a fife, one a drum an one carrying a flag?—S. T. C. A. This picture, entitled the of '76,” was painted by A. M. Wi (Let The Star Information Burea:. Frederic J. Haskin, Director, 21st ond ' streets northwest, answer your question The only charge for this service is . cents in stamps for return postage.) COURAGE “I am the master a‘I'f 1y lcm;d I am the captain of my soul.” —HENLEY. Boyhood days were happy for Charles . Mitchell. His father was merchant in Boston and had been vor of Chelsea, Mass, where the lad was born and went to school Young Mitchell had spending mon and little to worry about when he eritered Amherst College. His col lege days were pleasant, but at twenty-one, when he was in his jun- ior year, he was suddenly thrust on his own resources by his father's financial reverses and had to earn his way. During the next summer vaestion he clerked in a general storoat Mag- nolia and in his senior year howasa. special instructor in the departmens of public speaking. After he ~way graduated he had to hunt work., Going to New York, he obtatne? a position with the Western Electrin Company and was told to repart in Chicago. The fare took nearly afl bis funds and, being a stranger in the city, he sept Qo first might in a “crooks’ hotel.” “Put to wark asclerk for the electric company at §I0 a week, he studied bookkeeping at night, became assistant credit man- ager, then read commercial law and later was made credit manager. Believing that’ the company’s equipment business was run at a loss, he finally persuaded the officers to let him correct conditions. The battle was hard, but he put the department on its feet, then accepted an offer to become assistant to Oakleigh Thorne president of the Trust Company of America, in New York. Came the panic of 1907, and Mitch- ell went through the ordeal of a run on the trust company, then helped to build the institution on a financial basis. Next he was t of the private banking house of chell & Co., which he made a s cess. Called to manage the National City Company, which had only four emploves and was practically un- known, he developed it in six vears so that it was handling more money than any other corporation in the country, and had 1,400 employes in fitty citles. And at thirty-nine he was made president of the Natignal City Bank. the largest financial institution in the United States. (Copyright, 1824.) British Women May Vote At 21 Under New Bill The MacDonald government has de- clared its willingness to accept and approve a bill that will admit women to the suffrage at the same age as men—twenty-one years. Considering the présent conditions in the House of Commons this is almost tanta- mount to assuring the passage of the bill. It s inconceivable that a min- ist should be upsget on such an is- sue. Thers il bo “hard-bolled” op- osition to, the change. any Breat commercial strength. Probably Women of all parties who are now voters, having reached the age of thirty, are close to unanimous for the innovation. Most students of comparative sex development at twenty-one regard girls as rather more advanced than boys, on an average more serious and with a keener sense of all the obliga- tions of life. There never was any logie in favor of barring women from the ballot till their thirtieth year. It was only a phenomenon of British conservatism. The proposed easurs will add, it is figured, 4,500,000 names to the poll lists. That on the whole this will benefit the Labor party more than it benefits the Torfes or the Liberals is very likely. The working people have larger families and more girls grow- ing into womanhood. But there are some things that are inevitable in the learn, now and then, how they look | development of a principle, and this to the rest of the folks. You would better study this lesson by Paul Scott Mowrer—it s 80 worth_while. S5 e L G M is one of them. Liberals and Tories face a condition and not a theory and eminently | bow accordingly to such inevitability, —Brooklyn Eagle