Evening Star Newspaper, June 15, 1924, Page 54

THE EVENING STAR __ With Sundsy Morning Bditien. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY... «.June 15, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company Busingas Office. 11th 8¢. aad Pesngivanis Ave New York Offce: 110 Rast Bt Chicage Office: Tewer Buildtag. European Oice: 16 Regent 8t., Londoa. The Eveuing Star, with the Suaday morning i edition, is dellvered rriers within the ity e onth: aity oaly. 48 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8.40; 1 mo. Daily only . 00 1 mo.. Sunday only . All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10,00 ; 1 mo. Daily only ......13r., $7.00:1mo. Sunday only ....1yr. $3.00} 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively eatitled to the use for republication of all news dis- patehes credited to it or not otherwise eredited in this paper and also the local Dews pub- tished herein. ~ All rights of publication of special dispatches berein are also reserved. Sisiprsnaiindassiadb ot e ST . Field Workers’ Pay. President Coolldge's action regard- ing the pay of the fleld service work- ers of the government, increwsed by act of Congress not accompanied by &pecific appropriations to meet the ad- vances, follows the course pursued in the case of the District employes whose salary scales were increased without specific appropriations there- for. Theme workers will be paid ac- cording to the new scales, from the existing appropriations. A deficiency in the fund is assured. inasmuch as the fund allotments were made on the old scale. But Congress will meet long before the fund is exhausted, and a deficiency appropriation can be made, just as it was sought to provide in advance by the measure which failed by a fluke to become a law. -In thus ordering the use of the existing appropriations to carry out the law in respect to the salaries the President is strictly complying with the wishes of Congress. It was de- creed in respect to these field workers that they should be given a certain range of pay. Just so Congress ordered that the pay of the ‘school s, policemen and firemen of the District should be advanced. The ad- journment a week ago yesterday in- terrupted the process of providing an advance against the deficiency. When ongress reconvenes in December it can complete the process. The de- ficiency bill carrying the provision for 1he new District pay scale lies in the Senate awailing action on the confer- cnce renort. The measure which pro- vides specifically for the field workers' pay awaits the signature of the two presiding officers. Both of them will rrobably be presented to the President for his signature very shortly after the session is resumed. It is fortunate that the way was opened without any strain of the law to prevent the injustice which would have been caused by failure to -pay these public service employes at the newly ordered scales. A broad view has prevailed teo the’énd that rnobody should suffer loss of compensation. This is “'good business” in that it car- ries out the purpose of the law with- out technicality. . ———— Half-Holidays. The season of Saturday half- holidays In government offices opened yesterday. Generally by the middle of June many persons are weary of warm days and sigh for a little time to swing in the hammock under an ar- bor at home or get out into the woods tar from the heat, dust and clamor of the fown. Thus far there has been lit- tle suffering from heat and dust, but the Saturday half-holiday is welcomed Just the same. And surely summer days must come. There is official warrant for the be- lief that summer may come. The straw hat manufacturers’. in conven- tion sent the following telegram to Charles ¥. Marvin, chief of the weather bureau: “Straw hat - manu- facturers meeting -at Southern Hotel. Unseasonable weather has caused sérious heartaches among them. They would be much soothed if they had a niessage from you that summer will cbme some time this year.” Chief Marvin replied by wire as follows: “Your appeal for a soothing message to the aching hearts of the members of the National Assqcfation of Straw Hat Manufacturers touches me deép- as I wear my old felt hat and light overcoat to my steam-heated office. My ‘message is courage. friends, and confidence. Mother . Nature never failed us yet. The darkest hour is Just ‘before the dawn." It may be thaf the wettest hour: is Just before the driest. Let us enjoy the half-holidays that will last until the second Saturday in September. Most of us know what to do with them. Some will put them into golf for health and rest and into tennis for health and action. Some will put them into fishing for uplift of the spirit and ennobling of the mind. Some will try to coax the back yard or back lot to be a garden, and every man and woman in, the departments will find something to do which is not routine work. —r—————— France now interests herself in the politica] “dark horse” instead of the “man on Horseback." ——— Popular Interest in Conventions. " Although the Cleveland . convention was not as interesting as that which will be held in New York, because the major . result was definitely fore- national conventions. Yet the story of these meetings Is well known. The ‘details are spread before the people in lengthy reports printed in the news- papers. This year the proceedings will be broadcast by radio to every part of the land, with millions listening in to hear all the speeches and the. ballot- ing. So distinctly bas the natioral een- vention method of naming eandidates for the highest officen been established that it is difficult for present-day Americans to cenceive of any other method. Yet it waa not until 1831 that the nominations were thus made by a party meeting. It was in that year that Henry Clay was presented by the National Republicans in Baltimore, and a few months later, in 1832, An- drew Jackson was nominated by the Democrats in the same city. Previous to that time candidates were named by congressional caucus, by conferences and by virtue of nominations by state legislatures. In 1831-2, for the first time, the parties met in open session, both to name candidates and to declare their principles, That practice has pre- vailed without interruption to this day. In general the procedure at a na- tion convention remains the same now as it was ninety-two years ago. A declaration of beliefs or a platform is adopted and the candidates are nom- inated by ballot. The practice of pro- tracted nominating speeches is not new. Such speeches were made long ago as the “spellbinders” took the floor for their favorites, extolling their vir- tues and declaring their ability to com- mand the confidence of the people. But conventions are more smoothly conducted nowadays than in the past. Only occasionally do ‘ructions” de- velop, as in 1896, when both parties suffered walk-outs by dissenting fac- tions on the score of the platforms, and in 1912, when the Republican con- vention was bolted on the score of the nominee. Visitors to a convention are not likely to be entertained by such spectacular proceedings. On the con- trary, they are more apt to be bored after the first few hours, unless their interest is sustained, as promises to be the case in New York a week from Tuesday, by the intense rivalry of candidates and the uncertainty of the result. Backs Merchant Marine. The Republican piatform adopted in Cleveland gives promise of & per- manent overseas merchant marire. It states unequivocally that the Repub- lican party stands for the maintenamce >f such a fleet, for the advance of American commerce and for the na- tional defense in time of emergency. What shall be done with the great merehant fleet- now owned by the United States government, acquired and built during the war and now operated through the Shipping Board and the Emergency Fleet Corporation, is a question that has given great concern. Efforts have been made to transfer this fleet to private owner- ship, but without marked success. The ocean-carrying business is not paying well now. In addition the dif- ferential in cost of operation is against the Americans. . For the present, at -least. there seems but one thing for the govern- ment to do, to ecntinue to operate:the merchant ‘fleet itself. The only al- ternative under”existing conditions is to permit the American flag to vanish from the seven seas. The Republican party declares in the platform just ap- proved that the government should continue to operate the fleet ‘and that the government should meet the losses as long as there be any. So govern- ment ownership and operation are recognized by the party, not as the most desired methods of handling a merchant fleet, but as essential at present. The platform virtually ex- presses a hope that eventually eco- nomical operation of the ships and in- creased business and freight rates make it possible to transfer the fleet to private ownership. But for the time being, and for as long as may be necessary, the government will con- tinue as ship owner and operator. This promise of permanence will -go far toward building up the business of the American overseas carriers. Un- certainty kills ‘business. The party promises also that there shall be “‘economic and efficient man- agement.” This is the kind of man. agement which Leigh C. Palmer, presi dent of the Fleet Corporation, is striv- ing for, the goal toward which he and the organization are working. ——e———— In a scientific discussion of Dr. Ein- stein’s theory most people find it as hard to understand why it might not be true as why it might. A taxreduction program that will apply directly to the District of Co- lumbia. citizens is one of the posaibili- ties of the dim future. Objection was raised to one or two delegates, but it cannot be said that they inflienced the proceedings ma- terially. ‘Water Flowing in the Conduit. ‘Water is coming down from Great Falls through the ancient conduit, & flume seventy feet long having been built along that part of the water- course where the brick tube was rup- tured. Through the flume water is) flowing ‘to’ the city at the’ rate of 30,000,000 gallons & day, less than one- half the capacity of the conduit, but enough in this cbol weather to fore- stall a water famine. Rebuilding of the broken section proceeds with speed. The temporary repair.of the condyit has been made as rapidly es skillful men under expert" guidance could work. -Three “shifts” of work- shadowed, it was still sufficiently at- tractive to draw a large crowd. s However ‘‘cut and dried” a national nolitical convention may be, it is still. an -interesting occasion. Itis a na- tional political organization in session. Only once in four years do the parties thus assemble, through delegated rep- resentatives, The national committees of the parties meet more frequently, especially during campaign years, to arrange for the conventions and to manage the battles. But thé parties themselves do not get together save $n these particular quadrennial occa- ions when candidates are to be named d platforms ‘are to be framed. Only a small percentage of the peo- ple of this cogmtry have ever attended men. have labored at top pressure twenty-four hours a day. A plan to meet such a contingency was in the hands of the engineers when the break came, and materials were ready. Men were called by telephone. The break ‘was discovered within & féw minutes after the conduit collapsed, and repair work was quickly under way. It has been a hotable achievement, and credit is due to everybody concerned. A break in the single water line supplying nearly haif a million people is @ serious aecident, and it was good fortune that this breach came in cool weather, when water consumption in ‘Washingtor s consideradly below the carrying capacity of the conduit and storage capacity" of * the ' reservoirs. That no big fire has broken out is anather bit of good luck. If the break was intense and the population of the city 'was greatly increased by Shrine crowds, there might have heen, and probably would have been, much dis- tress. If 600 feet instead of 60 feet of the conduit had ‘“blown out” w would probably have been faced with a serious situation. The accident emphasizes the need for hard and steady work in building the second conduit and in enlarging the capacity of the reservoirs and flitration plant. —————————— At the Democratic convention the La Follette representation is likely to be as sincerely welcomed as a group of drama critics at the first night of a revue production. However, the drama critics will have their say, and the managers in the event of en- countering expert disapproval must go on trying to give the public what they think it wants. —————— Intimations are now offered in scien- tific circles that Einstein's assertions are not based on proveable facts. The average citizen will be willing to let the matter drop right here. It would be a hard investigation to follow. R Republican forecasters see no reason for trying to revise Henry Ford's esti- mate of Coolidge as a safe man. They 80 80 far as to assert that he will be just as safe in November as he was in June. ————— To many friends of Senator Borah the idea of expecting & man of his tenrperament to adjust himself to the requirements of a vice presidency seemed impractical at the outset. ———e——— The weather bureau has been pre- dicting ome wet day after another. ‘William Jennings Bryan will stand pat on the praposition that the climate has nothing to do with politica. e A popular New York tenor received an ovation when he sang in “La Boheme' at the Royal Opera in Unter den Linden. Berlin is becoming more and mere cosmopolitan. —_————— Applause for Mr. La Follette by the locomotive engimeers does not imply a reliable assurance that he will be able to launch a political steam roller of his own. e Women are attaining more and more influence in politics. If the farmer cannot compel attention, the farmer- ette may yet succeed in making her- self heard. N ————————— The Democratic convention may find it hard to surpass the workman- ship of the G. O. P! assemblage, but it has no hesitation in promising more pep. o Enough men were mentioned for the vice presidential nomination to enable a number of eminent party figures to feel warmly complimented. —————————— As a program maker of international repute, Gen. Dawes will undoubtedly be called on to assist the G. O#®. with valuable campaign plans. ——————e——— After every political conclave the re- discovery is solemnly made of the well recognized fact that it is impossible to please everybody. —————— The delegates did their best to show Congress a model of how @ great body of responsible statesmen ought to be- have. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Twilight Idler, Among the sports that T admire There’s one of which I never tire. ‘When weary of the busy thrill It is a pleasure to sit still And contemplate the distant scene That seems so silent and serene. It's better than base ball or “go’f,” Just sitting still and looking off. Forgetful of your cares you pause And watch the ways of Nature's laws. The lightning bugs out yonder gleam. Beyond, the stars scarce larger seem. The universe in vast content Moves on nor heeds my measurement. My favorite sport—though you may scoff— 1s sitting still and looking off. Keeping the Pace. “How did you come out in the cam- “I'm holding my own,” answered Senator Sorghum. “My friends Te- garded me as the dark horse and I'm still it.” ; Exercise. I like to give three rousing cheers ‘Whenever an excuse appears, Since cheering, science tells us, serves As a relief to weary nerves. It bids the narrowing chest expand. Fresh air for health we know is grand; It also shows, with vocal grace, Your heart is in the proper place. Jud Tunkins says some people sim- ply can’t learn. An old schoolmate, after writing - ‘Honesty is the best policy’ over and over In his copy book, got arrested for forgery. Too Wike. Said Socrates, when left forlorn, “I'll QUAfY the cup, since you insist.’ If I a moron had been born, I might have hired an alienist.” Careers. “Why don't you go to Congress and voice the needs of the agricultural population?” . “I guess,” answered Farmer Corn- tossel, “if I was & smart enough poli- tician to do that I wouldn’t have been any farmer in the first place.” Artistic Completion. Allin & happy freme of mind The solons have dispersed. ‘When real harmony you'd find, It must be well rehearsed. “I hears a heap o' complaint,” said Uncle Eben, “’bout rain interferin® wif work, but de mos’ real indignation is excited by de way it's spoilin’ de plenfes.™ . ® Peace In Family Of Greatest Needs of the Day| ...» By THOMAS R. MARSHALL, ‘ormer Vice Presideat of the United States. Worse, even, than the present-day disturbances of politics, religion and business are the disturbances in fam- ilies of America. 8o widespread and serious have these become that not a few of our great cities have estab- lished special courts which are denomi- nated courts of domestic relations. Disturbances in families seem to be growing in proportion to the de- crease of disturbances in politics, re- ligion and business. Political dis- turbances “.re not nearly so dangerous as In.the old days, when men quar- reled over principles of government rather than over personal interests as now. Religious disturbances ha simmered down to controversies ovi the essentials of religion. Business is still provocative of much trouble, due to the ambitions of men for financial success, but nowadays dis- turbances of business are less earth- rocking than in the past. * k x % These courts of domestic relations seem to have been estgblished on the theory that they could patch up differences which, if allowed to con- tinue, lead to divorce. Judges of these courts were to instill into quar- reling husbands and wives a sacred idea of the sanctity of marriage. They were to keep families united, stimulate bonds of affection, cause children to honor their fathers and mothers, and generally to produce fe- licity in place of strife. 1 hope their efforts have borne fruit, but am in- clined to doubt it. Such knowledge of these courts and their methods as 1 possess tend to convinee me that definite conclusions as to the best medium of producing domestic happiness have not been reached. Most of the judges seem to be wandering in a wilderness of doubt. What they believe one mo- ment they que“é the next. Their views are hazy #nd uncertain. The general confusion of these judges was perhaps _well expressed by one of them when he asked, “Why are all these people at war with each other ~nd with life?” Answer did not come to him because of the individuality of each of the many cases. No solution of domestic infelicity is conclusive * % ok ¥ There are those who contend that our divorce laws are too lax. They would have a federal enactment ap- plicable to all states and of like effect everywhere. A bill for such a law bobs up in each Congress. One was backed by the General Federa- tion of Women's Clubs and similar organizations in the last session. It sought uniform marriages and divorces. I do not wish to appear as an_opponent of anything of the kind, but ‘I must confess I have been hearing of uniform divorce legisla- tion since I was & young lawyer in the divorce court of my county. I doubt if we are nearer a uniform divorce and marriage law than we were forty years ago. As a matter of fact, I have doubt of the efficacy of such a law. It is questionable, ft seems to me, whether the,limitation or enlargement of the statutory re: Habit clinics are ong of the newest developments of civilization. The irascible individual who car- ries a chip on his shoulder and flies ,into & rage when that lightly polsed chip is accidentally knocked off may be a slave to a mental habit formed when he was a small child. It seems almost absurd to say that a woman's jealousy, which makes life a burden for her husband, her chil- dren and her friends, was established when she was a child of two years. But this may be, and often is, the case, as the habit clinics are demon strating. In fact, excessive egotism, disregard for others, shyness and pugnacity may all be established as mental habits when children are so young that it is difcult for older People to associate them with complex mental states at all. The clinic takes a child who is de- veloping an undesirable habit and helps the parents and the child to re- move the cause. It Is far easier to cure the temper tantrums of a child of six than to teach an adult to con- trol his trigger-edge temper. It is easier to ward off the first develop- ing signs of temper fits in a child of EEoiting o) gure s intmai kil ¢ six. The habit clinics are a Boston ex- periment. In 1821, one part time clinic was opened as a branch of the Community Health Association _of Boston. Now there are eight clinies, located in different sections of the city. The clinics are a part of Bos- ton's health program. Their work is done in co-operation with the feed- ing and posture clinics and other medical organizations. Some cases are_referred to the clinic by one of these organizations or by the kinder- gartens of the cjty. Other children are brought by parents on their own initiative. In each case the procedure is about the same. A social worker makes a survey of the child’s home conditions. ' A psychologist examines the mentality of the patient. Then a final personality study is made by the psychiatrist, and remedies are prescribed. A report of the work has just been printed by the children's bureau. Cases of a number of small children who would not eat suitable food are among those described. Some would not eat unless fed by their mothers. Other children refused spinach, milk and food especially prescribed by doctors, but would eat candy, ice cream and fruit between meals. A CRild's Humger Strike. Refusing to eat looks like a baby- ish whim which would soon be out- grown. But the psychiatrists at the clinics glve it more importance than that, A childe two years. old learns that by not eating he can gain the attention and solicitude of the entire tamily. He also knows that if he does not eat at the table he will be offer- ed food at all hours by & mother who is frantic for fear her baby will not gain ‘the normal ameunt in weight. The child develops the fixed idea that he does not like various substantial to be finick: have di- stive _disturbance Somtrariness of temper s carried over into the child’s other activities if he learns that by being temperamental he can become the center of atten- tion. The child of two or three years can be cured, the clinic workers say, by common-sense methods. -If no notice is taken whem he refuses to eat sult- able food at the tabie, and if he is not given anything between meals exoept a glass of milk, he will soon learn to eat properly. It tal - tan o howev: for the dis. tracted mother to see her baby g0 without food for a few days while he adjusts himseif to the new, unromantic schedule. What the clinic calls témper ta trums constitute another. childish habit ves permanent scars on the Indlvldfii ais) ., That th Aghting instinct is a valuadle driv- ing force is recoghized, but it can work to the advantage of the Indi- vidual onily if it is contrélled. The Life Is One sons for divorce or the attempt to ‘ades and condi- lrlfl! them to (33 tions of mmual persons would help to spell e rela- peace in the marriag tion. 1 semetimes feel that these efforts are being made more to mal tain the form than the substance of marriage. It might be well to con- sider whether it should be the pur- pose of soclety to keep married cou- ples together, regardless of family peace, or to spread the d'n-pel of eace in married life and thereby ep together men and women who are married. * K k% Another class of well intentioned persons would find the cause of this eternal warfare among husbands and wiv before marriage rather than after the marital vows are taken, They believe in preparedness. They would create public boards to pass on prospective brides and bride- grooms and to determine whether the contemplated marriage should be consummated. We are not informed of the details of proposed examina. tion, but no doubt the tonsils, bob- bed hair and gum-chewing habits of the bride will be taken into consid- eration along with the clothes style of the bridegroom and his. money- making and staying-out-late Inclina- tions. The scientific, moral and in- tellectual factors of the relation to be entered into undoubtedly will be weighed. Although I do not approve of this super-supervision, 1 would suggest that it we are to have these examining boards, they ascertain the outlook which the lnelllclnt holds on the married state. hen we probe beneath the allegations of eruel and inhuman treatment, neglect, incom- patibility of temperaments and other charges’ we usually find that the marriage was regarded by one or the other of the contracting parties as an opportunity to better his or her condition, and then when realities failed to measure up to expectations an excuse of one kind or another to dissolve the marriage was sought, in the hope of better luck next time. * % x % Still a third class of persons seck- ing & remedy for the unhappiness of family life and hoping to end forever the war in the homes of America turns on the young of this genera- tion, condemning them as idle, friv- olous, devoid of purpose, inconsider- ate, selfish, pleasure seeking and vain. Such talk annoys me, not that it may not be true, but because It nevertheless is unjust. If there is anything wrong in the manners, morals and outlook of the young Deople of today. responsibility rests not on them, but on their elders. The fathers and mothers of the land are the real offenders. We have not halted the trend of the times. We have not uprooted the evils which are imperiling our children. When we rear and train our children prop- erly, instill in thelr hearts and minds reverence for home and parenthood, school them thoroughly in the right conception of govern- ment, religion and society, we shall need no longer any court of domestic relations and will not have to bother ourselves further about uniform laws of marriage and divorce and public boards to examine applicants for marriage licenses. (Copyright, 1924, by Twenty-first Century Press.) A Clinic for Curing Bad Habits BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN most obvious cause for loss of temper is that the child sees older people fiy into rages. If by imitating them 2e gets what he wants the precedent is established and he continues to use the powerful weapon The report with its array of cases shows that few parents realize what home conditions and family examples do to the personalities of children. Almost every case reminds the reader of some family in his own experience —families of intelligence and com- tortable finances, as well as families handicapped by ignorance and Dov- erty. Over and over again the clinic workers hear mothers deceiving the children brought in for treatment: ‘Don’t touch the telephone; it wil bite you.” “If you are good the doc- tor has Jots of nice things ip his bag for you. Chlld Learas to Lie. It the child is timid he becomes afraid of telephones, and the thought- less mother cannot imagine why he is so queer. If he is inclined to be fearless the baby touches the tele- phone and it doesn't bite. He answera all the doctor's questions, and he doesn’t get any presents. He realizes that grown people tell lies. He tries it. One mother came to the clinic in alarm because her litue girl had begun to cheat and to be sty about it. In one instance she had given the child a nickel and told her to take the street car to go to the dentist's office. Later it was dis- covered that the little girl had spent the nickel for candy and had avoided the trip to the dentist's entirely, Only the week before the same mother had told the child that ehe was going to take her en a nice automobile ride and the ride ha ended unhappily at the dentist's chair. The child had learned from vivid experience that her mother often said what was not true, and with a normal child’s imitativeness she had begun to copy the mother. The olinic reports that careless parents are responsible for many un- desirable traits which develop in children. The mother who laughs when Jimmie brings an armful of bricks into the parlor today and puts him to bed for doing the same thing tomorrow probably never thinks any- thing more about it. But Jimmie has a vague sense of Injustice. A sense of injustice breeds resentment, and that in turn may lead the child to destructiveness or to playing mali- cious tricks that will worry or annoy the family. The child develops a de- termination to “get back at” people, and, if conditions are such that the tendency grows more pronounced, he grows up to be antagonistic and sus- piclous. Pareatal Misunderstanding. Lack of understanding on the part of parents and uncertain co-opera- tion from them are the clinic's great- est handicaps. A mother will take her child with a& toothache to a dentist, even if she has to make & trip across the city. A child whose personality is awry makes life mis- erable for itself, the family, and often for the neighbors and h teachers. But it is not yet custom- ary to-regard such & child as a case for expert attention. ¢ Parents who learn about the habit clinics ars interested in havin disposition or habdits of their children improved. But it is difficult for them to_grasp. idea that personality defects are most-often due to some revetitable defect in the home life. sy mol who have large fam. illes or who work away from home all day are not inglined to go to very m"n:: uble to bring about the de- H 5 §till, the clinies have pros guccessful expariment. In ,th:.d ot year 130 ca were studied, ‘and in seventy-three of these the onts co-operated satisfactorily wl“&' th ‘workers, so—that results were In only Nineteén cases were the re- aulta considered altogether dlscour- aging, and no improvement im the patients shown, ” Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. American history at its source, visit the cradle of the repub- lic, where democracy was born and won; visit the birthplace of immor- tals—thus did Representative R. Wal- ton Moore, in bidding his coileagues a pleasant and profitable vacation, with true Virginian hospitality, in- vite them to visit his native heath and learn first-hand its historic and heroic place among the states. He challenged his colleagues with the boast that within the borders of the 014 Dominion occurred more impor- tant incidents in connection with American history than in any similar territory. Thirteen years before the pilgrims from Holland landed from the May- flower at Plymouth Rock, English colonists landed at Jamestown and established the first'permanent Eng- lish colony in America. The concluding dramas of Amer- ica’s two great wars were enacted on Virginia's soil—at Yorktown, where the Linited States government, at a cost of about $250,000, erected & monument to commemorate the sur- render of Lord Cornwallis and the end of the revolution, and at Appo- mattox. . George Washingtons home at Mount Vernon, visited annually by hundreds of thousands of Americans, is but one of Virginia's shrines. Jef- ferson was born at Shadwell and lived at Charlotte. Madison lived and died near Orange. Woodrow Wilson was born at Staunton. The father of the great emancipator, Abraham Lincoln, was born at Broadway. Within a seventy-five-mile radius was born the “Father of His Country,” the father of its savior and its worid war President, Representative Moore points out. From it came the tongue, the pen and the sword of the Revolu- tion—Patrick Henry, Thomas Jeffer- son and George Washington. This territory also gave to the United States the great expounder of the Constitution, John Marshall, the greatest Chief Justice; the major au- thor of that fundamental document, James Madison; the author of the bulwark of international relations, the Monroe doctrine.. It produced such heroes as Winfleld Scott, Zach- ary Teylor and Robert E. Lee, the greatest general of them all, on Wwhose estate sleep the nation’s heroes of all wars. Other noted Virginians were the revolutionary Lees, John Sevier, founder of Tennessee; Henry Clay, the great compromiser; John Randolph of Roanoke, the ancestors of the two Presidents, Harrison and Tyler, and Sam Houston, first presi- dent of Texas. Out of Virginia domain were carved the six great states of West Virginia, Ohio, - Kentucky, ~Indiana, Ilinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota. The “Old Dominfon” is replete in romance—near _Fredericksburg is “Chatham,” where Washington went on his honeymoon and under whose trees Robert E. Lee did his courting. Four of the greatest conflicts of the civil war were fought near Freder- icksburg—the_othars being Chancel- lorsville, the Wilderness and Spotsyl- vania Court House. Richmond was the capital of the Confederacy, as well as of the state. Second only to Harvard in opera- tion, the first coilege in_ the south was' founded at Willlamsburg—Wwil- llam and Mary—in 1693. Representative Moore has made en- gagements to take & number of his Colleagues over the historic pilgrim- ages while Congress is “out.” * ¥ * ¥ In the closing hours of Congre: two events were planned which de- served more than the crowded men- tion they then received. Participa- tion of the national government in celebration of two notable episodes in Ameriéan history was ordered. In one case a commission was directed to prepare plans for a fitting celebra- tion of the bi-centennial of Geo: Washington's birth, in 1932, and th other to celebraté the 150th anniver- sary ofd‘tha battles of Lexington and Concor: "The resolution presented by Repre- sentative Robert Luce of Massachu- setts, chairman of the House commit- tee on the library, was in exactly the same form as for the celebration of the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth. it proposes the same sort of par- ticipation as at the centennial cele- bration of Lexington and Concord fitty years ago, when President Grant, with members of his cabinet and other distinguished officials, attended the memorial exercises. * % % % Representative Hamiiton Fish of New York, a candidate for governor, was re- cently invited to speak before the Steus ben Soclety in Newark, N. J. To pre- pare himself for an apgropriate spesch he sent to the Congref¥lonal Library for a copy of “The Life of Gen. von Steuben.’ What was his surprise and delight to find that his grandfather, Nicholas Fish, & young man of twenty, a major in the Revolutionary Army, had served as Inspector general under von Steuben, and that he was Ris close and intimate friend. He was in correspondence with Gen. von Steu- ben until the latter died in 1794, near Utica, N. Y. He also succeeded yon Steuben as president of the Cincin- nati Soclety of the State of New York. “I have no German blood; I have no Indian blood, but I Mave’ plenty of good 01d New York Dutch blood in my veins” boasts Representative Fish, L You jitneyists who hear the call of the west and the long. long trail a-winding, list to the song of his homeland sung by Representative Scott Leavitt of Montana, who, hav- ing discoverad that although Montana has been a state for thirty-five years no state seal appears in the celling of the House chamber, has made &r- rangements that one will be displayed there when Congress resumes its ses- sions: “I wish I could take you out into my country” Representative Leavitt fola his colleagues, “and show you that the Almighty Himself meant the snows of the mountains should be wedded to these broad acres of fer- le voicanic dust. 1 wish you could how amphitheaterlike “the hills rise and radiate from the Colorado and the Columbia to the cardinal points. How hills pile on hills, how they. rise in the pu hase of twi- light like billow: nly stilled on the crest; how the rim of the amphi- theater and the horison is pillared with a dosen lofty, eternally snow- eaks, once blage-beaten, now on! u‘actln‘ above the dust alleys the sun as the day T8 o T hece snowcabs eternal ars our reservoirs; the Almighty invites us to Wed .the snows on those mourtains with our t areas of fertile wvol- canic dust.” of the grope into the westarn, Pacific. * k% ¥ In singing his swan song to Con- gress, Representative . George M. Young of North Daketa told his asso-. ciates frankly that he was quitting begause he could not afferd to serve longer at the salary congressmen are. paid. After reviewing the expenses that a member of Congress has to meet, he said: “As a general rrlnlpls of sound government the salary of a congress- man should be sufficient so that any man of ¢haracter and ability, without regapd to his means, can aspire to become & candidate .for Congress or to remain in Congress.” He expressed the Petiet that {f Congress prefers to submit to the 'dships, father than vote to raise theit 6wn salaries, “you are going to do an injustice to your families and you lr:-swln. to pre- vent many men of ‘worth from coming here who otherwise might as- Pire to serve ia Congrens.” s 1 soft glow of the setting|gq MEN AND AFFAIRS BY ROBERT T. SMALL The new battle cry of the grand old party is to “Keep Cool with Cool- idge, but 'Hot Damn’ with Daw As 2 study in contrasts, there has never been snything quite like the personnel of the Republican national ticket. It is a picture of placidity and pep, of dignity and dash, of re- serve and restlessness, of grim self- control and gay self-expression. It will seem entirely fitting that President Coolidge should remain quietly on the front porch of the White House during the campaign, and it will be equally “in character” for Charley Dawes to go swinging from one train to another, riding on the cowcatcher or the rear platform, for he has always been a “go-getter’ and will go after votes with all the strength that is in him. He is ex- plosive -where Mr. Coolidge is calm and eollected. He is flery where his running mate is. without a visible spark, but, despite the speed and ap- parent reckiessness of his disposition, Charley Dawes strikes a blow as sure and as deadly as any one of a careful and calculating disposition. Let Mr. Coolidge supply the taciturnity; Gen. Dawes will provi plenty of talk. The two dispositions are so far apart that between them they make a sort of fifty-fifty arrange- ment. The nomination of Gen. Dawes may inspire the Democrats, also, to place a veteran of the world war on their ticket. The Republican vice presidential nominee made a wonder- ful record in efficiency oversecas and probably was closer to Gen. Pershing than any other man In the A. E. F. * %o % When Fred W. Upbam of Chicago laid down the reins as treasurer of the Republican national committee at Cleveland on Friday he ended a long and faithful term of service. Even before he was elevated to the treasurership Mr. Upham had been serving as principal assistant to the late Cornelius Bliss of New York, who during his later years was un- able to give much attention to the arduous work. Mr. Upham has laid down the keys to the treasury vaults after having raised more than $9,600,000 for the campalgn chests of his party. This is & high mark for any successor to shoot at. These funds have covered a number of years, some lean and some fat, but,” whether lean or fat, Fred Upham was always on the job. His task was made ecasier by the fact that Fred Upham has had the knack of making and keeping friends. A mah of large business affairs and independent means himself, his as- sociations have been extremely valu- able to his party, and probably half of all the donations to the party through him have been a personal tribute to the man rather than to the organization. Mr. Coolidge’s managers have an- nounced that they will wage as economical a campaign as possible this year. National committeemen generally are agreed that the task of raising funds is not to be an casy one, particularly in the west. Some of the old-timers do not believe it is going to be any too easy to boil the dollars off the easterners either. One of the greatest difficulties will Heard and Seen The last rose of summer has been celebrated in song, but the first rose of spring lives in the hearts of men. Probably the garden holds no thrill comparable to the firat rose, espe- clally when it is the first blossom in your first garden. Let all the old gardeners remember the time! Surely he who has many species, knows all the roses by their first names, how to raise them and how to prune them, will vibrate in sympathy Brothers of the garden have a fra- ternity that transcends any mere man-made organization. It bears the imprimatur of the Creator, and has a secret password that need never be spoken, It is the peace of gardens. * * ¥ Even a little back vard, so small that it will hold but & few plants, is 1arge enough to give any one a taste of gardening. This is & thing in which the motto of a wise man of old particularly holds true: “He who is not satisfied with little will be satisfied with noth- ‘hat is why the very first rose on the first bush in spring is something to be looked forward to, and remem- bered when its petals are dust. There was 50 much preparation, s0 much dig- ging and so much fussing around. It began in the winter, when the snow was on the ground 'and a rose Was only something to be dreamed of, or seen in a florist's window. Its picture was in the catalogues. Those catalogues! They combine the work of the artist with that of an- other artist, a word painter, who tells one about the roses and violets, the foxgloves and the marigolds, about beans and peas and sweet corn and such tomatoes as never bloomed on 1and or sea. Or do they? No ope that ever saw the picture but has in the back of his mind a lurking susploion that they do and that he will try them out next year. ‘Out of the glorious seed catalogues you selected what appealed to you And ordered your roses. They came a month too early, but you sent them back, then settled down to wait for spring to come to your aid. * * At last spring seemed to come. The earth dried out a bit. The frost was out of the air. All was in readiness for the rose bushes. ) Then they came. Such little fellers they were. It did not seem that real roses ever would come off ' such bushes. . s own deep went the holes, two fee capacious, sapable holes they were pro y big enough to hold two rt bushes. The directions were scrup lously followed. soaked in water small bushes, enough, were placed In them. « There they stood, meeting the un- Usual rains of this unusual spring, not seeming to do much, until one day you saw with a thrill of pride that u ly tl looking w required it a large rose. imagination to ) little knob ever be a Would that r? 1d. You forgot that flowers, like cats, are in the care of the Power that e them. Just let them alone and, like Bo-Peep's sheep, they will come home, wegging their petals behind them. You may putter around as you please in your garden. You may dl{ and paw ‘and water and tender. I 11 helps. Yet, after all, there is something greater than you that does the work. * % So the peace of the gurden becomes yours. You ‘wait patiently for the little bud to swell into a flower. Days comé and d,{. go, but it dées not worry you. There is mofe rain than usual, but-so th was when Noah was a lad. One morning the bud seems about to open. You go away think no more about it. An hour fater you happen out in the yard. = A pink rgse three inches across Such a large rose 6n such a little bush, you wonder how it dodes it. 1t is'the first rose in your first gar- den. CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. , be in ralsing funds for the congres- sional campuigns. Bach semator up Ior elaction and each congressional’ aspirant will have to shuffle largely for himself. The states will endea: to raise whatever congressional momey is to be obtained and wil leave the financing of the presidential campaign largely to the national committee. * % ok % After all the fuss and feathers mads over Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler's attack on the Volstead act and the high hope aroused in the breasts of the “wets” that something might be done at the Republican convention’ Dr. Butler made no attempt whatever to impress his views upon the con- vention, collectively, or the delegates singly. ' He made it very plain that he had expressed his own opinion tha!® prohibition was a failure and he in- tended to stick to it. Any ome who thought prohibition was a success, he said, was entitled to that opinion also. Dr. Butler is too old, too well versed & politician, ever to have harbored thc thought that an anti-dry plank was possible. What the future may hasd he could not say, but he was con- vinced this year that neither one of the two old parties would care to- tackle the wet and dry issues, other than to declare for law enforcement. Dr. Butler says he himself is for law enforcement to the hilt, but this does not prevent him holding the opinion that the law should he changed or wiped out altogether. Dr. Butler was a very quiet and unobtru- sive figure at the convention % k% Another quiet figure was C. Baseom Slemp, secretary to President Cool- idge. Mr. Slemp was there as a deir- gate from his native Virginia and as a member of the national committee Many of his old friends rushed ta him for assistance and advice, and also for any “directions” that he may have brought from the White House but Mr. Slemp directed all callers to the Coolidge headquarters, presided over by Willlam M. Butler of Massa chusetts, the new national chairman Mr. Slemp felt that all messages to and from the President should con- tinue to go through Mr. Butler. Mr. Slemp is an astute politician— one of the very best in the country and he realized that too many line of communication might just easily spoil the broth as too many cooks gathered around the boiling pot. The secretary also Is a greaf. believer in regularity. Cleveland unquestionably was t most friendly city that ever enter- tained a national political convention The arrangement at the convention hall were well nigh perfect, and- fewer restrictions were placed upon the delegates and visitors than in the memory of some of the oldest of the. old guard. There was absolutely nothing_ “‘hard-boiled” about Cleve- land. The problem of handling the convention was not an easy one, for 4 the grouping of the Cleveland hotels and the convention hall itself with- in the space of a very few blocks caused all the conges‘ion to center in a very limited area of & very bea: tiful city. Yet the ease and smooth- ness with which it was carried off made the whole thing look simple Already Cleveland has many boosters for 1928 Fifty Years Ago In The Star After an exhaustive investigation into the affairs of the District. the joint committee of Con- Ad Interim Form 8ress drafted and @eported a bill for of Government.”, . govern- ment, or rather, an ad interim gov- ernment, until Congress should pro- vide a permanent form. The Star of June 9, 1874, thus summarizes the pro- visions of this measure: “It wipes out the governorship, board of public works, legisiative assembly and delegate to Congress, but excepts the term of office of the present dele- gate. It authorizes the President to appoint three commissioners, to be con- firmed by the Senate, to perform the duties now performed by the governor and board of public works; but they are restricted from making contracts or incurring any obligation other than may be necessary to the execution of existing legal obilgations and contracts and the protection or preservation of improvements existing or commenced The commissioners are authorized to abolish_any office, reduce the number of employes, or make appointments and the compensation of all employes. except school teachers, is reduced 20 Army engineer officer. y the President, is to per- form the duties heretofore devolving upon the engineer of the board of pub- lic works. The rate of taxation upon réal estate in Washington is fixed at $3 per hundred: in Georgetown. $2.50 in the county, §2. “A joint committee of two senators and two representatives, appointed by the presiding officers of the two houses. are to prepare a suitable permanent form of government. for the Districl* and report on the first day of the next gession of Congress. They are also to prepare and submit to Congress & statement of the proper proportion of the expenses of sald government, in- cluding interest on its funded debt. which should be borne by said District and the United States, reapectively. The first and second controllers of the Treasury are constituted a board of audit, to examine and audit the debt of the District. The sinking fund com- missioners of the District are author- 0 issue bonds in sums of $50 and d and able semi-annually, exempt from taxa. tion and guaranteed by the Uhited States to the extent specified in the bill; and the sinking fund commisaion- ers are authori to exchange these" bonds at par for like sums of class of indebtedness named preceding section of the act, ineluding Sewer taxes or assessments paid. No further certificates of indebtedness un- der the sewer act are to De issued. The receding act of the leglslative as- sembly of June 20, 1872, is ratified, but none of the bonds authorized by the act remaining unsold shall- be nego- tiated at less than par. “The bill shows marks of haste in preparation and will need considerable revision by Congress, but the features in the main will, we think, be acoept- able to the people of the District. The rate of taxation for Washington, $3 per hundred, seems unreasonably high. especially if the government Is to as- sume its fair proportion of expenses, and, further, in view of the fact that it in proposed to fund the District ns" debtedness in fifty-year bonds at a low rate of interest. As there ism how- ever, no provision enforcing a payment of taxes, or encouraging prompt pay- ment by the premium usually given by way of percentage deducted, it would. seem to be left optional with the tax. payers to pay or not. s “The reduction of 30 per cent on sala- ries will strike the vietims as rather hard, but they will have the prospect of being paid in something more valu- able than certificates. ‘With somé modifications” @ bill of this character was passed during the :duthm's(on of Col 88 A’M establish-. the temporary form of government for the District which continued until the enactment of the law of June 11. 1878, establishing a permanent form of vernment. It was this later act of ‘ongress that was known for many years as the “organic act” of the Dis- trict providing for an executive of three Commissioners. ap) ident, two civilians officer of the Arm: even division of the cast of District) maintenance between the federal gove ernment and the District taxpayers.