Evening Star Newspaper, May 25, 1924, Page 26

a0 GERMANY IN WORST. | BANKRUPTCY CRISIS Efforts to Stabilize Rentenmark , Make Every One Short of [ Ready Cash. CREDITS FOUND IMPOSSIBLE Russian Embassy Raid Held Rank Foolishness. BY MAXIMILIAN HARD By Radio to The Star. BERLIN, Ma ne 10 marks for three days? $mportant state official. Respectable commercial postponement of small debts. Small banks say “please tomorrow™ if you seek to cash a check as large as 800 marks. Dozens of such examples could be given from daily experience in Ger- snany. After years of loud lamenting, Ger- amany now is silently passing through the most acute of all her crises. Financlal or economic? That is the question. It is being gradually yealized that stabilization of the Tentenmark at one thousand billion paper marks has had the Internal cconomic effect of a state of bank- Tuptey. ‘ould you lend asks an firms beg call Prices Very High. Nobody has money. Prices are higher in Germany than anywhere in the world. Good merchandise is twice as cheap in London. Where can Germans get money for food, clothes, rent and education? Those who saved formerly and bought govern- ment bonds are now beggal Peo- ple sell stocks to buy bread. dits are unobtainable. These condition for France, s more than hatred people to specu- late on th, the frane. Those who borrowed one hundred million auarks to build a factory and repaid the loan when it was worth only anough to buy a gouple of car tickets naturally want & repetition of this excellent joke. Predictions Prove Falxe, The greatest bankers predicted, contrary to the writer, that the franc j\uul(l fall as rapidly as the mark, but their hopes were disappointed and life has become stagnant, even in the buslest centers of Berlin and Hamburg. Vast sums have been and many more spe nbling for payment: ite th wobbly nge. What has not been spoilt this way been spoilt by senseless confiict With the Russians. The writer cails it senseless because no adequate Teason has beea adduced in the suc- cessive official explanations of police raid on the Ru knew th. S encouraged the German Com- sts by giving them jobs, but this never prevented the government and th ing with bolshevist chiefs here. Parties Were Popular. Clever Ambassador Krestinsky's parties always have been popular, and not only for their lavish hospitality. At the last anniversary of the soviet Tepublic, the writer saw in the rooms once ifhabited by the czar not only jerman ministers, undersecretaries, industrial magnates and s in dinner coats with iron crosses, In friendly intercourse with the boishevists over cavii - venison and other luxuries, but he also saw those very policé lieutenants on whose orders the desks of the Rus- stans have been broken open with bayonets. ‘Trade at Standstill The consequences of this Incident are not negligible. Russo-German trade has been at a standstill for the last three weeks. In 1921 this trade amounted to half a billion marks. Russia is not chartering German ships and is not sending her wheat, eggs and furs. She is not importing a pound of anything German and she has removed her deposits from Ger- man to foreign banks, thus increas- ing the money shortage. Germany i thus suffering heavy es, while Russla’s negotlations wcilitated with Englard and (where the sympathy of Herriot and Senator De- monzie are being reckoned on), Hol- land. China and Japan, to which can be offered trade concessions as bait Germany's trade treaty with Russia was made at the most unfavorable time and it broken off at the most unfavorable time. And why? Simply because certain German politicians want to shine as two-fisted men, who will have nothing to do with Moscow or Marxisn Combinations Under Way. Political combinations to bar Rus- sia altogether from relations with Germany now are under way, the tionalis! uniting_ with the Voelki- schen—cunning _Von Tirpitz and clumsy Ludendorff. Germany's economic and financial situation demands haste and politi- cians can think only of intrigues. For Otto Kahn's loan plans the words of the psalmist would be ap- propriate ‘Al eyes look to Thee. Thou open- est Thy hands and fillest the whole earth with good things.” When? wiped out lators are due in June, conditions of (Copyright, 1924.) S ERA OF PEACE BELIEVED NEARER IN MACEDONIA Star_and_Chicago Daily Copsright, 1924, May 24.—It is reponted that Todor Alexandroff and Gen. Protogue- roff, Macedonian revolutionary chiefs, recently held a meeting in Vienna with the object of obtaining the viewpoint of Stephan Raditch, the Croatian peasant leader, regarding the future activities of the revolutionary organization, The correspondent learns that the result of the deliberations was a de- sision that evolutionary rather than revolutionary methods should presently he employed. With this end in view, the Macedonians will undertake a big publicity propaganda campaign abroad and Alexandroff and Protogueroff may visit the principal European countries and possibly America. The reasons prompting the Mace- donlans to come to this decision are partly advice received from foreign sympathizers, and partly development of the internal situation in Jugo- siavia, for when the elections take place in Jugoslavia probably the vete- ran Pashitch will again return_to power, as the prospective coalition be- tween the Croats and Democrats under Davidvitch has suffered a severe set- back owing to Raditch’s pronounce- ment in favor of re-establishment of the _republic. Nevertheless if during the elections governmental terrorism is employed in Macedonia, Alexandroff’s followers may zet out. of hand and cause trouble. hey are well supplied with funds and certain elements hint at future collabo- ration with the bolshevists, who would be delighted to assist in stirring up trouble in the Balkans. o KING U. S. ENVOY’S GUEST Spanish Monarch and Other Nota- bles at Moore’s Dinner. MADRID, May 24.—Alexander P. Moore, the American ambassador, gave a dinner tonight in_honor of King Al- fonso and_Queen Victoria and Gen. Primo de Rivera, head of the military directorate. The function was held at the embassy, the guests including the Ttalian und ' British ambassadors, the papal nuncio and a number of Spanish grandecs and other members of the nobility. 2 After the dinner there was a recep- tion. The evening closed with a musical of American songs. police officlals from associat- | BY A. G. GARDINER, By Radio to The Star. LONDON, May 24.—Great cheerful- ness, prevails In political circles here at the improved Europeah prospects. Edouard Herriot's probable succes- sion to the French premiership has given much confidence. He has many personal friends in this country and is known to be a statesman of en- lightened and liberal intelligence. His achievements as mayor of Lyons have given him a European reputa tion as leader of the municipal id and the fact that he is practically a newcomer in the field of international affairs is regarded as an advantage, he being uncompromised by the past. Views Reasonable. Mr. Herriot's personal views about Germany are eminently reasonable. He will not hesitate to break with the obstinate, irreconcilable policy of M. Poincare and pursue a more hope- ful line of peaceful settlement and reconciliation. The writer understands that M. Herrlot would desire unequivocal ad- mission of Germany to the league of nations and to have the question of security settled under sanctions of the league. This means frank acceptance of the Dawes Scheme, with all its im- plications. M. Herriot's strong card will be that this will prevent a ten- dency toward isolation of France and bring it into the general current of Europ ntiment and sympathy. people are not most con- cer the extent to which the Poincare policy has left the country suspected and unfriended. Instability of the franc is regarded as a symp- tom of this growing friendliness. If M. Herriot can restore confidence in French Intentions he will lead Europe out of the wilderness in which it has wandered for ten vears, The writer has reason to believe that France under this inspiration will be disposed, and even eager, to sur- render domination and control of the new reparations policy to impartial hands. Both Want Amerien. The preference of both London and Paris is likely to be for an Amer- jcan mind at the helm of this vast business. Responsible minds in Paris realize that the delicate ques- tlon whether Germany is making an honest attempt to fulfill the cond EUROPE UPON KNEES Loan to Germany and U. S. Bank- ing Support of the Franc Found Necessary. BY WILLIAM BIRD. Br Radio to The Star. PARIS, May 24—While the newly elected majorities In both Paris and Berlin have been struggling this week with the problem of forming cabinets ang determining policles, they have discovered to their discomfiture that the real capital of both countries is not Berlin or Parls, but New York. Germany's natlonalists, who won office upon a platform of rejecting the Dawes’ report, find their hands tled. If they reject the report they cannot get a foreign loan, and as the Germans treasury stands today a foreign loan is absolutely essentlal. The Cartel des Gauches in France won the elections on the promise to reduce taxes. But the first thing they discover on 100King into the books is that if taxes are reduced American banking support of the franc, which was granted with the knowledze and informal approval of the American government, will be withdrawn and nothing but a miracle can save the franc from collapse. Favor Dawes’ Report. Therefore Germany's new govern- ment will swallow the Dawes report, which_will not be difficult because most Germans want to see it adopted, even the nationalists, who are chiefly interested in seeing the Ruhr evacu- ated. But M. Herrlot, who now seems to be the most likely choice for premier, is in a serlous pickle. His own party, Radical-Socialist, will of course, accept as gracefully as pos- sible the need for maintaining M. Poincare’s taxes, But what of their Soclalist_allies who made Herriot's victory possible? They stood against Poincare’s taxes to the last ditch and there is no reason to suppose they will accept them with better grace when proposed by, M. Herriot. Already, therefore, there are signs of a deep rift in the Left ranks. It may seem a far.cry to prophesy an eventual coalition between the Cartel des Gauches and the Bloc National, which the Cartel so recently defeat- ed. But nevertheless the writer be- lieves that if the Soclalists adhete to their electoral program this Is bound to happen before many months, just as it is practically certain that @as soon as the British Conservatives feel the time is ripe for general elec- tions_Asquith’s Liberals will switch to their side and turn out the Laborites. Unite Against Socialism. What is_ apparently happening throughout Europe Is a gradual unit- ing of Conservative ~and Liberal parties into a solid bloc for check- ing socialism with the aid of Amer- fcan gold. It is keenly felt in both France and MODEL 210 CONSOLE TYPE VICTROLA, as pic- tured; complete with Albums, 6 Double-face 75¢ Records of your own se- lection; 300 needles, 1 Record Brush and perma- nent service. 1142 Simple, Easy Terms Victor 3 THE SUNDAY ~STAR, WASHINGTON, D. England Pins Faith on Herriot To Lead Europe Into New Era British Hail Accession of Inteuiggnt Liberal to Power in France as Big Step Toward War Issues Settlement. ’ tions of the new scheme can only be_settled by disinterested judgment. It is important that ~Germany should not misunderstand the new temper of French policy. If the Na- tionalists assume that it means weak- ness, and act on that assumption, the present more hopeful outlook inevit- ably will be darkened. But the In- fluence of England will be invaluable in preventing such a fatal misinter- pretation. Hitherto the situation has been triangular and England’s position most difficult. She was openly hostile to Poincare’s poilcy and yet anxious for Germany not to escape her just indebtedness. Now, with reasonabl ideas operating in France, Mr. Mac- Donald’s course as intermediary is expected to be much simplified. A great storm is raging in the con- servative party in respect to an In- terview with Stanley Baldwin, pub- lished in a Tory newspaper, in which the former prime minister was rep- resented as making attacks on Lords Birkenhead and Beaverbrook and other Tories. Mr. Baldwin has issued guarded disclaimer, but the event led to furious recriminations within the party which Is bitterly divided on the protectionist issue. A secondary cause of the disruption is the determination of the old guard of the party never to have Lord Birk- enhead back in its ranks. They have never forgotten his desertion of Ul- ster on the home rule question. Lord Beaverbrook, his great press ally, is equally distrusted by officfal Torles. Future Leader Dincusned. Meanwhile, there is much discus- sion a the future leadership of the Liberals. Herbert Asquith is aging, and the problem of succession is open. Two claimants are obvious, Lloyd George and Simon. The latter Asquith’s lieutenant throughout rupture with Lloyd Geor popular gifts are small. Llo George now is reconciled to the Li erals and is making speeches whi: are recovering his old place in the party. Much hostility to him lingers, but his political genius is so un- rivaled that the writer expects to see him win hands down. This would mean the end of possibility of an accommodation between the Lib- eral and Labor parties. Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. MacDonald were formerly friends, but they now are bitterly ~opposed. This should mean that the next election, -when- ever it comes, should restore the Conservatives to power. (Copyright, 1924.) e S P T i S R S KING DOLLAR FORCES |AMUNDSEN PLANES START TRIP JUNE 10 Explorer to Be Met at Spitzbergen for Dash Over the North Pole. By the Assaciated Press ROME, May 24.—The three planes of the aerial expedition which Roald Amundsen expects to lead to the North Pole probably will leave Pisa about June 10, Lieut. Ralph E. Davison, U. §. N., of St. Louis, who will pilot one of the planes, declared today. He had come here to complete passport preparations. Two of the planes—all-metal mono- planes—have already been finished, while the third, of similar construction, will be ready in a few days, Lieut. Davison said. On the flight from Pisa to Spitzbergen the three machines will be accompanied by a party of fifteen, in- cluding a photographer and newspaper men. At Spitzbergen, which the fiyers ex- pect to reach in a single hop, they will meet Amundsen. From the Arctic base the three machines will then try to make the top of the earth in a dash without any intermediate stop. At_the pole the supplies of gaso and food of one of the three planes will be divided between the other two, one of which will attempt to fiy back to Spitzbergen, while the other, piloted by Lieut. Davison, will go on'to Alaska. The last of the planes, denuded of its supplies, will be abandoned in the polar ice. The metal of the planes is a spe- clally treated alloy of aluminum. cop- per, magnesium, manganese and iron which was heated to 400 degrees centi- grade and then allowed to cool for forty-eight hours. Each of the planes is equipped with a wireless telephone and telegraph outfit Germany today that if American in- fluence ‘is strongly on the side of orderly anti-socialist elements in continental politics and that its in- fluence is exercised, not only through private loans but also through the American government's handling of the international debt, a settlement may easlly be decisive. ‘Although this influence is de- nounced as unwarranted by the So- clalist press and some Liberal or- gans, this criticlsm is not general, because most Europeans realize that America has a perfect right to with- hold financial support if she belleves there is danger of a disorderly gov- ernment or confiscatory policies, just as a private investor would decline to put money into a corporation which he_deemed unsound. But passage of the bonus bill al- ready ralSes considerable apprehen- sion as to how much longer the American _administration can con- tinue to sit on the lid on the debt question, no matter how European debtors may behave themselves. This apprehension doubtless ac- counts for the otherwise unexplain- able fall in the franc in the last few days despite the Banque de France's enormous sacrifices of foreign se- curities. (Copyright, 1924.) Here Is Our Big Special . Victor Outfit . "New Brunswick INDECISION IN EUROPE IS ROUSING FEARS Tardieu Sees Menace in Growing Prominence in News of Von Tirpitz and Ludendorff. FINDS FRANCE comsnn Inability of Poincare to Quit Until June 3 or 4 Crippling. DRE TARDIEU. PARIS, May 24—Rarely, has Eu- rope presented a more confused spec- tacle than during the past week and the confusion seems destined to last for some weeks yet. It seems decided that when the new French chamber convenes, June 3 or 4, President Millerand will offer power to Edouard Herrio dent Boston Bags ery one finds use for of these bags—every day or occasionall 11 and 15 inch sizes. $1.00 Iy Lunch Kit —A four-party size, fully eqnipped with knives, forks, spoons, plates and cups. Regularly priced $10.95— 27.95. Speclal. . Brief Case —These are of all leather and have dou- ble straps. —In tan leather, size 24 inches. or cordovan and_durable luggaj with sewed-on hing ulge Top board, shoe box and hangers. priced, $84.00. —C. MXY_ %, of the Radical-Socialist party. M. Millerand already has had numerous interviews with M. Herrlot and Paul Painleve, and so has Premier Poin- care, but since the Poincare govern- ment cannot quit until pariiament convenes, these talks necessarily are lnformg, which is a considerable drawback. But from the very fact of Herrlot's conversations with M. Millerand, it Is evident that he opposes those in the party who demand Millerand’s resig- nation. Questions Source of Power. As for policies, there Is no pre- cise information. M. Herriot merely declared: “I am of the Cartel des Gauches and will follow its policy and no other.” But this appears to be rather a rash statement, for the Car- tel des Gauches included the Soclal- ist party. The majority seems deter- mined not to permit Soclalist parti- cipation in the new cabinet. Thus we come to the question the writer raised last week: Where will the Radicals get the support they need to govern +—at the right or the left? This fu damental uncertainty is what makes France's future policy so obscure. Scarcely any further advance has been made than the measure men- tioned last week, namely, general Itegularly $11.95. for short trips. Attractive looking. 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The Belgian ministers are feverishly flitting from one European capital to another, while official Brussels declarations and For- elgn Minister Jaspar's latest speech are full of contradictions. Italy is at- tempting to link the war debt ques- tion to the Dawes report, which does not say a word about war debts. Mus- solini’s diplomatic activity, MacDon- ald’s parliamentary difficulties and careful feeling of the way in forelgn policy, and, finally, German party ne- gotlations toward the formation of a ew government which is bound to be Natlonalist, whatever else it may be— all this make an exceedingly com- plicated game and requires that the player who expects to win, know ex- actly what he is doing and do it ener- getically. ‘Add to this that passage of the bonus bill scarcely makes it easier for European nations to discuss finan- @il questions with Washington. The -situation is full of pitfalls, and of staying at home after all. in going somewhere. especially one grave danger, namely, that the Pan-German elements in Ger- many find encouragement therein, Two names—Ludendorffl and von Tirpitz— recum on every page of German n papers. 1f these men, elther directly or by proxy, become the masters of Germany and find other countries wal- lowing in indecision, they will hesitate at_nothing. The experts’ plan pre-supposes com- plete good faith on Germany's part. But_ experience shows that German good falth is never spontaneous, but is determined only by stern necessity. 1f Europe is disorganized, Germany wiil not yield. Who knows if she will not turn from passive resistance to active? That is tomorruw's great danger. (Copyright, 1024.) EDUCATOR’S SON TO WED. ROCHESTER, N. 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MEXICO CITY, May 24.—Charles B. Warren, the American ambassador. declared today that any change in the Mexican administration by reason of the July presidential cti Would not. affect the paiey ot one United States toward Mexico, as this was based upon agr nts’ reached in the 1923 recognition conferenc with the resultant general and ¢ laims conventions protectini lean oll and agrarian rights o asserted that the Americs policy would include insistence upon the agreements reached 1 the Obregon administration, whether Gen Calles or Gen. Flores is electe This statement regard ventions, especially wher guarantée American intere. may be affected under the program, is regarded view of ‘the advanced agra en. 8th and D Penna Ave. good In 34, splen- 5.00 driw. Dbolts. inch sizes. $1