Evening Star Newspaper, March 26, 1924, Page 3

The True Story of Woodrow Wilson By DAVID LAWRENCE. CHAPTER XXXI. Woodrow Wilxon's Relations With the Press. one who able by the printed word to reach into the hearts ©of men and women everywhere and alse aloft the banner of liberalism, nothing seems surprising as the relations between Woodrow ~Wilson and the From the beginning of his public career until the end, they c eries of misunderstand- ashes. Mr. Wil with the press was not impersonal. He dis- methods of American surnalism. He was contemptuous of it type of newspaper, for instance, hich is given over to levity and what d triviality, and withholds the substance of the ional and international. ndon Times was the newspaper in the world, be- more actual news about From was press. tngs and unfortunate c son's, quarrel personal—it nzreed with was the To him t Rreatest cause it prin nings the world over than did any newspaper. rowing t in America to fency in anticipate recent year. news and to o future ev the by which conclusions are reached wers deeply resente by Mr. Wilson. His theory was that nothing was news un- 1 T oW mpleted —that a discussion f sccond: impe . and that to the pu ' s o processes. riy Quarrelx With the Press. extent Mr. Wilson's ies toward the press w om carly Justi- a trip to New England sident of Prince- the cou of a cared far more for the bl thered around e and spat tobacco jul than he wmade he was i did for some of ed in cloistered Much to his + headlir that Woodrow Wilsen chewing of tobacco. President - n newspa- headquar- vith na- plain s asked one d: with_callers he had had a conference with d. One of the newspaper him what state Mr. Reed and als: he was a United instances of andling of news in which Mr. concerned gave him no little T annovancs ming his ned 1 ant and socia a the newspaper car as any ever been nee which was intensi ciied the White Hous 1 the seriousnes h which Woodrow ling made him le _ SPECIAL NOTICES. 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He rarely read the newspapers which were bitterest in their attacks upon him. The newspaper men in Washington were disposed to be kindly and showed every desire to give him fair treatment. For many months he received them in semi- weekly conferences, answering ques- tions liberally, but not always compre hensively. He showed now and then an indignation over the character of the interrogations and upon oceasion fenced with his callers very much as & witness who was being cross-examined. Man) | newspaper men lost faith in the candor of Mr, Wilson. They felt that he made use of the official denial too often and that back of his negatives was an equivocal statement. ‘'or instance, one early in his administration, a newspaper printed a dispatch from Washington stating that Attorney eral McReynoids had made a proposal to a Senate committee with reference | to legisla Mr. Wilson was and said_he knew nothing about any pro- Do silence followed the answer and finally one of the newspaper men nquired if he knew the Attorney Gen {cral had been in communication with |the Senate committee, and Mr. Wil asked about ‘it | . ves; he made some sug | tions | A “Hair Splitting” Mind. | In Mr. Wilson’s mind a suggestion and a proposal were altogeth ferent. Yet o the newspaper men it was a simple case of splitting hairs | Mr. Wilson did not long continue hi | conferences with the correspondents In fact, it was inevitable that the) ould come to an end when th | war broke out because the questions relating to the war were of such dclicate naturc that impromptu an- wers were not, to Mr. Wilson's ad- vantage nor to thie public generally, because neutrality, and later war. offered so much opportunity for mis- | understanding that only carefully werded statements prepared in ad- vance were used to convey the gov- crament viewpoint Contrary to genecral impres- sion, Mr. W did not have an)y favo es among the newspaper men when he was in the White House. H | did not believe in that kind of re | tationship. Presiderit Roosevelt had u favorite group and frequently in- ed certain stories in order o test public opinion. Mr. W was d to adopt such a pol ut he would not do so. In al years he probably gave time to conference with individ new: paper men than did ny dent prece g him, and certainly much less than has an | administration. “Mr. Wilson had no special channel through which he | | cared to convey information abont | his position and rather resented the that some of his callers, espe- cially members of the Senate and on affecting the tobacco trust. | dit- | lof the memorandum | the President since his | aaas " sy BN G panied him on practically all of his trips, but saw no more of him than did the other correspondents. When he was inaugurated 1 realized that anything like personal relations with Mr. Wilson while 1 was engaged in the task of writing impartial reports might be mis- understood. Although there were fre- quent charges that Mr, Wilson inspired my articles, especiaily when I left the Associated 'Press in 1915 to become « special correspondent, the truth is I saw him alone much less than did some other men in the newspaper busi- ness, and 1 never recelved from him in private conversation any stories which could be used In the nuws- papers at the time, | Nevertheless, the author obtained from other sources several items of | news of a sensational charalter and {published them ahead of competitors and found no difficulty In reflecting the | President’s views without even seeing | him. Any newspaper correspondent | who has been in Washington through | several administrations realizes the futility of depending on tha President | of the United States himself for news, | getting it instead from the many men who see him from day to day, including | members of the cabinet, Congress hn(l' callers generall H Not Wilson's “Mouthpiece.’ Although Mr. Wilson occasionally sent me personal messages of regard and im- posed in me sufficient confidence on two i occasions to ask that I undertake deli- cate missions which related to our | negotiations with foreign gove 1 was never in any sense hl or his “spokesman” in press. Some editorial writers fell to th habit of designating me as such dufing the war because of the ! {belief on their part that accurate re {flection of the “views of the White {House was due to inspiration by the xecutive himseif. The latter status | | would have involved no_journalistic | |enterprise and would have meant writing in a vein pleasing only to| { Mr. Wilson. I | "My own writings, on the other hand, were frequently distasteful to the President. Indeed, the Washing- ton correspondent who allows friend ipsmor antagonisms to influence h I disputches betrays the trust imposed | him Dby his newspaper and general public 4 1 interpretation of facts without regard to whether an | individual or party is helped or hujt. | by_the disclosur . { Mr. Wilson imm resented particularly | {an article written by the author just | {before the President iled ~for ! | Europe, pointing out that he was at | the climax of his career and that| serious disaffection existed inside the | democratic party . if not cured, might le: tin 1920. Reports of the displeasure were | | carried to me, but when 1 talked with [ him in Paris. and later in Rome, he ! ordial. On the western trip in | found him person- | 3 had become so in- | ted in the details of the Shan- tung controversy that ] spent a whole | day making a digest of the pro and con of it together with some views | on the subject which 1 had acquired by independent study, and was grati- fied to find that he thought enough to incorporate yerbatim § | the | almost argument last speeches on some of his Pacific coast Resented Lansing Article. It was after Mr. Wilson returned | to the White Hoise and had begun to recover sufficiently from his iliness to take an interest in public affairs that my own break with him oc- curred. The dismissal of Secretary lansing on the ground that he had called cabinet meetings without au- thority seemed to me unjust and T} reported the facts as well as I knew them, suggesting that onmiy a fit of House, discussed with the press mat- ters which had been taken up in| conference with him. On one or two occasions Mr. Wil- | son was so much disturbed by news- | paper attacks made upon him that | e wrote to the newspapers and asked | at certain reporters be removed | from the White House assignment. ! In no case did the newspapers comply | with request Audiences a Handicap. Mr. Wilson was the type of Presi- dent who rarely saw newspaper men individually, but when he did he usually asked them to retain in con- | fidence all that he had said. Fre-| quently the same information was ! obtainable from other sources. The author found it to his advantage not to President, but to get information about Mr. Wilson's activities from members of the cabinet and other sources in Washington. This often ir- ritated Mr. Wilson because he dis- liked to see his plans and intentions | revealed prematurely, vet it was in | consonance with the newspaper prac- | tice of the day. 1 An_interesting_conversation with Mr. Wilson in Paris illustrates to Some extent the attitude of the Presi- | dent on publicity at the peace con- ference. One of the first steps taken after the American newspaper corps arrived was a decision on the part of the allied statcsmen to bar the newspaper men from attendance at the peace conference. It was re- ported that Mr. Wilson had voted ! in favor of secrecy. When the author | spoke to Mr. Wilson about it and asked him if it were true, he replied that it was not, and that he did not | favor secrecy, but when urged to make such a statement to the public he said he believed the American peo- ple knew his position well enough. As to the suggestion that people back home would not understand how “open_covenants openly arrived at" was _discarded and that his action ! tion. for audiences with the; | By the Associated Press. |in May on a preliminary trip to Nov: temper could have prompted this ac- From that time on, Mr. Wilson was represented to me as again dis- pleased with my writings, and though 1 had no communication with him thereafter 1 was apparently So sy pathetic with his ideals that editorial | writers continued to accuse me of being inspired by him. It was not until a few weeks be- | fore Mr. Wiison died that I heard that he had spoken of me in compli- mentary terms. An old Princeton graduate had been chatting with him about his former pupils and Mr. Wil- son was kind enough to include me | in the list of those whom he held in esteem. h the Geerge F. Doran oSt I e, B S 2. Bara| America. World publication rights reserved | by Current News Features, Incorporated.) (Tomerrow's chapter tella of the | Iast four years.) i ICELANDIC EXPLORER PLANS DASH FOR POLE| Will Spend Next Su‘nmer Explor- | ing Nova Lembla and Franz- Josef Land. $ LONDON, March 26.—A projected | new expedition to the north pole is| reported. The Westminster Gazette | says a young Icelander, Grettir Al- garsson, "is starting for Arctic earl Zembia and Franz-Josef Land. Algarsson proposes to spend six | months exploring Nova Zembla and | Franz-Josef Land, ending his trip at | New York in October. The party will number ten, including three scientists. | The trawler Beltal is now being fitted | at Shoreham, and shortly will be! brought to the Thames. : would be felt politically. he replied somewhat impatiently: “I don't give a damn.about the| politics of it—if this thing is a suc- cess we will get the benefit of it, and { it it isn't, we will be attacked anyhow. Suffered from Seereey. Had Mr. Wilson known more about the processes of news making he would have probably developed a more favorable public opinion on this side of the Atlantic during the time that he was at the peace conference. The American newspaper men were to a large extent at a disadyantage in Paris.' The representatives of the press from other countries were kept i closely informed and even were per- mitted to read the documents of the peace delegations. It looked for a time as if the French press was being given verbatim_copies of everything that occurred. Mr. Wilson innocently kept to the letter of the understand- ing between the allies with respect to secrecy and not only did the American press fail to report Mr. Wilson's valiant fights for a better peace, but all Europe was given an interpreta- tion colored by the British, French | and Italian viewpoints. i The author’s relations with Woodrow | Wilson have themselves been the basis of so much editorial comment and mis- representation from time to time that | the true story is set forth herein. Having been assigned by the Asso- ciated Press to cover Gov. Wilson's | headquarters at Seagirt, n the ! summer of 1912, 1 had 'a frank talk | with Mr. Wilson, at the very outset! stating that, while we had known each | other intimately at Princeton, My func- tion as a reporter for the Associated Press would be disinterested and that the organization | represented was of | course, not interested in advocating the | candidacy of any man, but simply in chronicling the news. Mr. Wilson was | at that time prejudiced against the Associated Press because of a belief that it had not given him the benefit of | his victory in the Texas primaries un- til two days after the balloting, when | the truth was the votes were slow in: being counted and, as its custom, the Associated Press did not make guesses, | but waited for the final returns. Asked Only “Square Deal.” When I told Mr. Wilson that my pur- pose was to give him a “square deal,” " Slag Roofs—Tin Roofs Repaired and Painted Reasonable prices. Al work gusranteed. Let ws send_sou our estimate, - Grafton & Son, Inc. Teating and Rooting Experts for 55 Yéars. Waslington Joun aud Trast Bldg. M. he said he wanted nothing else. In ail the years that the author covered for the Associated Press the daily news events relating to Mr. Wilson's public career, during the 1912 campaign and subsequently at the White House, he never made a complaint. ‘I accom- P The expedition is a prelude to Bnother in 1925, under Algarsson’s leadership, the objective of which will be the pole. Shave | This Morning? | Day in, day out, shave after shave, Gem Blades are uniform — uniformly | perfect. : Scientific methods have | left no room for variation. | Each Gem Blade has to be perfect. ! ) That's why Gem shaves | re the finest in the world —» morning luxury to | look forward to. Ask for | the | | Marvelous New | GEM Double-Life Blades Use GEM Safsty Razors WHEN YOU THINK 23 Zaintize, Pupectasging and Decorst- O Estimates made oa request. HARRY W. TAYLCR CO. 3 niG AINTING SEE THE LOT OF NEW AND SHOPWORN -BOOKS, 4 OFF * REGULAR PRICES - PAUL P 1711 G St. N.W. 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