Evening Star Newspaper, February 5, 1924, Page 6

re™— » THE EVENING BTAR, WASHINGTON, D. O, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1924 J WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY......February 5, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Busizess Office, 11th St. and Pennaylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 Fa Chicago Ofice: Tower Bullding. European Office: 16 Regent St., London, England, The Evening Star, with the Sunday morniag edition, is delivered by catriers within the «ity at 60 cents per month; dally only, 45 ceats per month; Sunday only, 20 cents per month. Orders may be sent by mall or tel phoue ‘Main 5000. Collection is made by ca Tiers at the end of each mont. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Daily and Sunday. Daily only $6.00; 1 m Sunday only. \ §2.40} 1 mo., 20c All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1yr. $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only 1yr., $7.00; 1 mo., §0c 3 1yr., $3.00;1mo., 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- natches credited to it or not otherwise credited nu thi er and so the loc we pub- ighed Lo . All rights of ation ot Decial dispatches herein are renerved. a a1 The Peace Plan Prize Winner. At last the identity of the winner of the Bok peace plan has been dis- closed. At a largely attended meeting last night in Philadelphla John W. Davis, who is one of the foremost American supporters of the league of nations, ennounced that Dr. Charles Herbert Levermore of New York is the author of winning plan No. 146 which out of 22.165 submitted was ad- Judged the b When Dr. Levermore's associations are known there is no occasion for surprise at his success in presenting ; the plan that won the approval of the Judges. He is a confirmed, almost a professional, advocate of international peace through organization. Since 1913 he has been directly connected with agencies for the promotion of this idea. In that year he became director of the college and university bureau of the World Peace Founda- tion at Boston. In 1916 he went to New York to be one of the secretaries of the World Court League, and later for the League of Nations Union. Since 1917 he has been secretary of the New York Peace Society. In 1922 he acted as secretary of the newly formed American Association for In- ternational Co-operation, and in 1923 he aided in forming the League of Nations Non-Partisan Association. These afiiliations and services natu- rally have manifested in or have given to Dr. Levermore a strong pro- league sentiment. He should be, and the award of the Bok prize jury indi- cates that he is, specially qualified to formulate e plan for American par- ticipation Whether this fact of long association with the league movement militates against popular acceptance of the plan is now beside the mark. The vot- ing has concluded and the counting is in progress, with indications point- ing to an overwhelming approval. The rich prize given by Mr. Bok, even in the half-size permitted by the present incomplete state of the com- petition. is a reward for long devotion 10 this cause, a worthy cause and one in which prizes and rewards are rare. Dr. Levermore is to be congratulated upon his good fortune. But question arises whether his virtually exclusive dedication to the league work and to the promotion of the thought of Amer- ican participation may not somewhat embarrass Mr. Bok in view of the be- lief expressed, perhaps wholly un- worthily, that the competition is in the nature of an organized attempt to “put over” the league in the United States. b Give the Code a Chance. ‘The bill to codify the laws of the TUnited States was for the third time unanimously passed by the House of Representatives in the first week of January of this year. As the House met in the first week of December this early action meant rapid work by the House committee on revision of the laws. It is now about a month since the bill passed the House and went to the Senate, where the bill has made no progress whatever. There is sharp contrast between the work of the two houses on this bill. While the House has three times unanimously passed it the bill has not yet been permitted to come before the Senate for considera- tion. The proposed code contains all the general and permanent laws of the United States in force on December 2, 1923, eggregating two and one-half million words. It is contended for it that there is no similar publication ‘Wwhich compares with it in accuracy and completeness. The arduous expert labor involved in this compilation ought not to be wasted merely through failure of the Senate to consider the codification bill, and the code ought not to be rejected except for good reason, clearly stated, and based upon careful study of the compilation on its merits, Courtesy to the House of Repre- sentatives, which has thrice approved this complilation, suggests that at the very least the Senate committee on revision of the laws promptly give a hearing on the code to the House committes and others who think that the enactment of the codifying bill will be of great benefit to the bench, the bar, litigants, officials and Ameri- can citizens in general. & —————— It 'is a fortunate matter that no arguments arising in a church dis- pute tend in any way to lessen the obligations defined by the ten, com- mandments, ————— In the oil investigation there is no telling when a new scandal gusher may-be brought jn. n Supporters of Gov. Alfred E, Smith for thé democratic presidential nom- ination are the first to take advantage of the confusion said to have been created in democratic lines by the al- leged’ impairment of Mr. McAdoo's political fortunes consequent upon dis- closure_of his connection with the oil interests. Apparently the Smith man- agers share the widely prevailing opin- ion among democratic leaders that the in peace-nsuring effort. | |and that the prospects of rival candi- dates are enhanced thereby. So the Smith people, feeling that things are looking up for the other candidates in this broadening of the fleld for all, have decided to put in a few licks right away for their man and “beat the others to it."” At a meeting in New York last night the supporters of Gov. Smith set out to create a national organization for their candidate. The meeting was reported to have been attended by Smith par- tisans from New Jersey, Massachu- setts, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, New York and Illinois. It will be noted that this field covers the so-called “wet” area. It may also be significant that James McKinney who was one of Cox's supporters in 1920, was made manager for New + York state. The slogan of the national organization was declared to be “Of the people, for the people,” Although the mafjority opinion of the national leaders of the party is opposed o a wet plank, and they think other circumstances attending Gov. Smith's candidacy preclude his nom- ination as the democratic standard | bearer, the Smith movement will lprolubl)’ not be discounted in its im- portance. It will be construed as an | effort to create an important bloc of delegates in the control of a certain group with the intention of swinging them to some one else, possibly to one who is not yet in the limelight. { | ——— | Ghandi’s Release. { From Bombay comes the announce- ' {ment that “Mahatma” Mohandas | Ghandi. the Indian nationalist legder, | 1 has been unconditionally released from prison, to which he was committed March 18, 1922, for six years' impris- onment for sedition. Ghandi is in ill health and his release fs induced by the report of attending physicians that his convalescence requires his liberty and sojourn at the seashore. The British government is accused by the Hindoo nationalists of cruelty in imprisoning Ghandl. Tt may have been {ll-advised, but it assuredly can- not be rated as cruel. Ghandi is, or was, leader of a movement that sought to break down British rule in India by non-resistance. He has been agitating for a long time. He formed a band of almost fanatical believers in his preachment of encouraging native industries, not asan economic measure of relief for the people, but as a politi- cal weapon. All British-made prod- ucts were boyeotted. Anclent arts of domestic craftsmanship were revived. The Ghandists refused to wear cloth- ing made on British looms and set up their own looms for weaving. ‘They declined to participate in any of the activitles of citizenship, refused to pay taxes and otherwise hampered the administration of affairs. Ghandi himself is doubtless a sin- cere patriot. Many of his followers are, ort were, of the same character. But he gathered to his movement, perhaps unwillingly, disorderly ele- ments, strikingly contrasting in meth- ods to his own. From the pacifism of Ghandism to the wild disorders that caused bloodshed was but a step. Se- ditious forces took advantage of the Ghandi revolt to seek the overthrow of British rule by “direct action.” There is something compellingly sin- cere in Ghandl. He is a zealot with- out the least taint of selfishness. Sim- rle as a child in some respects, he i= at the same time deeply wise in his knowledge of the Hindoo character. A tale is told of him now that reveals his nature strikingly. On the eve of his arrest he went to the police superin- tendent at Ahmedabad and frankly announced that he proposed to form a non-co-operative demonstration against the visit of the Prince of Wales. He ‘was warned that there would be blood- shed, replying: *“There will be none.” He sincerely believed this. The offi- cial admonished him that it would be impossible to control the passions of the people, aroused by such a demon- | stration, and that Ghandl would be { held responsible for any misfortunes. The demonstration was held, mobs formed and lives were lost. After- ward Ghandi went without summons to the police chlef and, weepingly, asked to be put in jail. He was then tried and sentenced. The release of Ghandi may be due in some measure to the change of ministry at London, or it may have no relation to that event. The labor party favors a more liberal policy to- ward India, and it is possible that or- ders went forth to make this manifes- tation of clemency. Whether the ac- tion will affect the nationallst move- ment is not now to be determined, e —— Investigations have been so fre- quently without resuits that they seemed comparatively safe. At last, however, the government has picked up one that is not a dud. Efforts of ex-Secretary Fall to retire to the agricultural life involved an equipment a trifle too elaborate to ap- peal to the average farmer. Several hats thrown into the ring some time ago are still there, but not attracting much attention. Has Winter Come? After several days of almost spring- like balminess the weather has “broken.” A severe storm is raging in the middle west, with Dbitter cold and snow and high winds. Washing- ton gets its first taste of this visita- tion in the form of a heavy rain, ac- companied, strangely, by lightning. The forecast indicates & sharp turn toward real winter conditions. Believers in the ground-hog tradi- tion will aver that this is the first sign of the long stretch of bad weather following the sunshine on the 2d of February. More scientific bellet will incline to the conclusion that it is | merely the natural turn of affairs, that it is reasonable to expect a bit of winter some time during this perfod of the year. For a good many years January has been & clement month in Washing- ton. Rarely is there any really severe weather for three or four weeks after the beginning of the new year. Sun- chasers who are familiar with the record of Washington ordinarily do not turn their faces southward much before February 1, and often do not of the average Washington winter is to be expected some time between February 1 and March 15. This season, however, has been ex- traordinarily mild up to date. There has been one light snow, in December, and twice the thermometer has fallen to unpleasant proximity to the zero mark. But on each occasion of sharp cold the visitation has been for a very brief period. Coal piles have lasted much longer than ordinarily. There has been no slush in the streets. Even if the winter comes now in severity the total of the season's unpleasant- ness cannot be up to normal. The Funeral Plan. Decision to hold & simple, unostenta- tious funeral ceremony for Woodrow Wilson, with at least temporary inter- ment in Washington, will impress the country favorably. Ie was conspicu- ously a simple man, averse to cere- mony and display. While in office he, of course, conformed to the require- ments of his position and participated in the formalities for which the high post he held called. But b~ preferred the quiet procedure of the private citi- zen. On at least two occasions he per- sonally took his place in line as a marcher in parades and walked the length of Pennsylvania avenue with his fellow citizens, contributing by his example to displays of patriotic feel- ing, and thereby to the war-making service of the country. But it is known that he did not relish the “pomp and circumstance” of elaborate manifestations. Woodrow Wilson died in the ranks of the citizenry. He had discharged his duty as the Chief Executive and had resumed his place with his fellow Americans. He passed away high in the esteem of his countrymen, and it is fitting that in some manner they mark their appreciation of his serv- ices. But that will not necessarily be at the hour of his interment. There will be services and memorial meet- ings throughout the country. Doubt- less some striking tangible memorial will be erected to perpetuate his works and influence. Selection of the Capital as the place of his entombment, provisionally at least, is wise. Here were rendered the services that made the name of Wood- row Wilson known throughout the world. Here were made those sacri- fices of his strength that led to his physical downfall. The assoclation of his name with that of the Capital is for all time. Naturally other cities, with which there is a reason for as sociation at this time with Woodrow ‘Wilson, desire his burial there. But none has so great a claim, if claim there can be in such a case, as the city of his supreme endeavor and his invaluable contribution to the higher lite of the republic. —_—— Reports differ as to whether the number of fanatics killed or wounded in e recent Philippine uprising was 800 or 200. In so remote & region statistics, whether military or finan- cial, are necessarily more or less diffi- cult to authenticate. The Women's Peace Union proposes a constitutional amendment to make it impossible for Congress to declare war. The United States Constitution does not need such an amendment so much as the constitutions of several other nations. ————te—————— It may be that Mr, McAdoo regrets having disconnected himself from the motion picture industry in order to consider the more prosaic interests of the oil business. A Senate investigating committee might be tempted to offer a hundred- thousand-dollar prize for a way to se- cure clear and direct answers to all its questions. Ex-Secretary Fall found a method of farm rellef that worked rapidly and generously so far as his own ranch ‘was concerned. There is a growing disposition to make the oil investigation a non- partisan affair. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. An Immunity. I saw a man out in the park. He lightly turned a tune; “I am as merry as a lark At midnight or at noon.” The troubles which expand so free My feelings can’t provoke. The outlook is all clear for me, For I, my friend, am broke! No summons bids me nerve myself For a judicial quiz. For me 'mongst figures hoting pelf A cipher’s all there is. At dangerous games I cannot play, Nor plan a master stroke. I must go safely on my way, For I, my friend, am broke. My only apprehension is ‘That while I sink to rest Some one connected with big biz ‘With cash will fill my vest. Till then I am immune to scares. Life is @ gentle joke And holds for me no scandalous cares, For I, my friend, am broke. Popular Temperament, “Don’t you think an element of the public is too much inclined to laugh at graft?” . “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “The safest thing to do is to get rid of the graft while they are still laugh- ing and not wait for them to get mad. Jud Tunkins says it's harder to keep track of quitting time in conversation than it is in work. Functioning Wrong. In the machinery of state The ofl proves an affliction ‘Which somehow fails to lubricate, But causes further friction. Slight Paradox. “Do you think the new sheriff can stop gambling in Crimson Gulch?” “Shouldn’t be surprised,” answered Cactus Joe. “First thing he did was to-bet $500 he could.” “De fact dat you always tells de truth,” sald Uncle Eben, “ain' ginter mo' S—— Woodrow Wilson's admirers are gratified by the comment his death evokes in quarters bitterly hostile to him in life. They feel it is far from perfunc- tory and {s the forerunner of a gen- erally juster appreciation of his ca- reer and ideals at the hands of pos- terity. Wilsonlans, llke Joseph P. Tumulty, who knew the stricken President better than anybody else, often compared the abuse which Abraham Lincoln lived to suffer with the enmity Woodrow Wilson endured. They are convinced by the generous tributes that escort Wilson to the tomb that he is destined to grow greater in national and ‘international eseem his life and times fade into history. The war president's close friends, with few exceptions, approve of his widow's veto of a state funeral. His memory, they say, will be hai- lowed far beyond -anything with which pageantry and pemp could have endowed it. * k% Calvin Coolidge completed his first half year in the presidency on the day Woodrow Wilson “explored the shadows and the dust”” The Presi- dent is beginning to show the ef- foects of the merciless White House pace. White is gathering around his temples. Always grave of demeanor, Mr. Coolidge has seemed of late & little more solemn than usual. Cur- rent events in Washington, the ap- proach of the presidential campaign and a general piling up of executive burdens easily account for gray hair in a man who takes responsibilitl as serfously as Calyln Coolldge. Hard- ing_whitened rapidly in office. But Coolidge’s lexicon is said to contain no such word as worry. The President will be #fty-two years old on the 4th of July next. * % % ¥ Albert B. Fall's inquisition by the United States Senate brings him face to face mot only with numerous for- mer fellow members of that body, but with many of them who were partic- ularly intimate with him on Senate committees, It {s in those real work- ing quarters of Congress that politi- cal friendships are formed and root- ed. Fall was the ranking republican member of the public lands commit- tee, within whose jurisdiction he now finds himself. Senator Walsh of Montana, leader in the attack on Fall's ofl deals, sat with him on the Senate committees on Indian affairs, Jjudiciary and privileges and elections. Former Senator Atlee Pomerene, the newly appointed democratic member of the President’s lexal commission, sat alongside Fall for several years in the committees on foreign rela- tions and privileges and elections. * ok % % Chief Justice Taft's numerous qualities do not include a memory for either names or faces—a politi- BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Gen. Sir Charles Sackville-West, who arrived in New York on Tues- day night on board the Baltic for the purpose of marrying on the fol- lowing day, at the Hotel St. Regis, the former Mrs. Stephen S. Bigelow of Boston (who divorced her first husband In Paris last summer and who was formerly on the stage under the name of “Anns Meredith”), will be recalled by his mapy American friends as the principal British rep- resentative on the allied war council at Versailles and also at the head- quarters of the entente military su- preme command at the front, where he was intimately associated with Gen. Tasker Bliss, the United States representative, with whom he most loyally co-operated and whom he sup- ported, his services in this connec- tion being recognized by the bestowal of the United States distinguished medal after the conclusion otgg‘ence. The principal part of his military career until the great war was spent as an officer of the King’s Royal Rifles, with which regiment, first raised in this country with head- quarters at Governors Island and that originally bore the title of the King's American_Rifles, he was in the fight- ing at Manipur in 1891,8nd in the South African war of a quarter.of a century ago. He took part in all the heavy fighting during 1914 and 1815, winning in turn the Order of St. Michael and St. George and the Order of the Bath before being assigned to duty as British representative on the allled war council, where, thanks to his rare tact and diplomacy, his con- cilistory manner and his ' firmness, and above all thanks to the complete confidence which he enjoyed on the part of the British commanders as well as of his French and other al- lied colleagues. he was able to smooth over many difficulties which were constantly cropping up and which prevented united action by the coun- cil. When the war was over he was kept on in Paris at the special re- quest of the French government and war department, in the capacity of military attache, or rather military lenipotentiary, attached to the Brit- &h embassy s, a position ‘which he has been filling to the com- plete satisfaction of both countries. * ko Sir Charles Sackville-Weat, whose first wife dled a couple of years ago in Paris, after a long {liness, and who was a daughter of the late Capt. Mathew Bell of the 13th Light In- fantry and of Bourne Park, Kent, leaving him with a son and daughter, is the next heir to the peerage and entailed estates of his elder brother, the present Lord Sackville, who has no son and on whose death the gen- eral will enter into .possession of Knole Park, near Seven Oal t, the historic home of the Sackviles, to whom it has belonged ever since the days of Thomas Sackville, first Earl of Dorset, who was wont tertain Queen Elizabeth there, Both Sir Charles Sackville-West and his elder brother, the present Lord Sack- ville, are nephews of the second lord, who represented Great Britain for some time as her envoy at Washing- ton, whence his recall was demanded by President Cleveland and the lat- ter's Secretary of State, Bayard, on the plea that he had 'violated the propricties of his diplomatic ‘office by sending a letter to a naturalized Englishman in California advising him to vote against the democratic administration, the real cause of his recall, however, being the unfortu- nate character of his domestic rela- tions at the embassy, where he had installed the oldest his daughters as_its official mistr ¥ The eldest of these girls, Victoria, whose mother was a French is now married to her cou present Lord Sackville, 1s a8 his wife, the ‘actual mistresa of Knole Parl and was the principal beneficiary of the will of the late Sir John Murray- Scott, whose testamentary disposi. tions were violently contested by his brothers and ers on the ground of undue influence, in a law suit, which developed into & m: nd mls!loa?l c?n- deed the position in En o; Lady Sackvills, Alrblxy whkward y reason of the s on her birth, Ru become more ever difficult nce the astonishing revelations con- cerning_her influence on Sir John Murray-Scott. who was no relative, but merely a friend and admirer, who at one time was the physiclan and then the wne sécre of 8ir | Richard and ly Wallace, had in- herited their vast wealth to the ex- —————— e —— - H“" && thelr graudchildren, 't&:. cal tralt in which Theodore Roose- velt excelled. On New Year day, 1924, Representative Albert Johnson of Washington, author of the new immigration bill, called at the Taft home to pay his respects. Mr. Taft greeted him cordlally and then pro- ceeded to present him to Mrs. Taft as “my old friend, Victor Murdock, of the Federal Trade Commission.” A little later in the day the Chief Justice came to the conclusion he had made a mistake and prepared gallantly to rectify it. Taking John- son by the coat sleeves, he led him over to Mrs, Taft a second time, started in to explain muatters, and #aid: “This isn't Murdock, after all. It's Congressman Begg of Ohlo.” * % k % Senator Henrik Shipstead of Minne- sota chose an unfortunate day last week for his malden speech in Con- gress. The ofl debate was raging and the farmer-labor Adonis had few hearers on the floor when he read a carefully prepared and well de- livered address on the iniquities of the federal reserve act. There was one attentive and manifestly appre- clative auditor—Senator La Follette, who beamed upon his young col- league from the Gopher state with the benevolent pride of a grand- father. La Follette was married in the year Shipstead was born, and in the same year, 1881, was filling his first public oflice, that of district at- torney of Dane county, Wis. Ship- stead is quietly winning his spurs in the Senate. He proves, on close con- tact, to have knowledge far beyond the limits of dental surgery. There was a dinner-table discussion the other night, apropos the Fall case, of what “a’ case in ecquity” mea Dr. Shipstead elucidated In terse English and in an exposition which revealed thorough acquaintance with the fundamentals of law. * ¥ ok x Gov. Gifford Pinchot sent a capable pinch-hitter—his wife—to Washing- ton the other night to speak In his name at the annual soires of the Pennsylvania Society. She acquitted herself nobly. Mrs. Pinchot has al- ways been her husband's closest po- litical partner. Often delicate mis- slons are intrusted to her. One of the most piguant expe- riences she ever was called upon to weather concerns a call she made upon a New York state educator, whom Gov. Pinchot wanted to consult as to the hest man to succeed Thom- as E. Finegan, state superintendent of public instruction. Finegan quit office in consequence of disagreement with Pinchot. To her consternation, Mrs. Pinchot, when she asked for light and leading as to the ideal ap- pointment for Pennsylvania's gover- nor to make. was told: “Thomas E. Finegan." Finegan was kicked up- stairs. He is now chief of the edu- cational division of a national trans- portation institute at Washington, at a salary bigger than his Harrisburg pay. (Copyright, 1924.) Marriage of Sackville-West Reecalls Brilliant War Record to Sir Richard by his half brother, the fourth Marquis of Herford, Sir Richard having been a son of the wite of the third marquis, but not of her husband. * k% & It may be added that Gen. Sir Charles Sackville-West has never been on terms of any particular cordiality with his much discussed sister-in-law, and is a comparative stranger to his future ancestral home of Knole Park. ‘The Sackville family {s manifestly of Norse origin and formed part of the Scandinavian settlers in Nor- mandy, where in the reign of Wii- liam the Conqueror. its chief bore the name of Herbrand de Salkavilla, and it figures as such in the cotem- porary “Odericus Vitalis." But it did not become prominent in_England until the reign of Queen Elizabeth, who lavished favors upon Thomas Sackvlille, whom she created in turn Baron Buckhurst and afterward Earl of Dorset. The seventh Earl of Dor- set was advanced to a dukedom by George 1, and on the death of the fifth Duke of Dorset without issue in 1843 all his honors became extinct. The entailed property in Kent, in- cluding the Knole Park estate, there- upon devolved upon the sister of the fourth duke, the Lady Elizabeth Sackville, married to George West, fifth Earl of De La Warr. Her two elder sons by this marriage suc- ceeded In turn to their fathers earl- dom of De La Warr. and to its en- tailed property, whereas all the Sackville property went to her younger son, Mortimer, who was a great favorite of Queen Victoria and a trusted member of the royal house- hold. He was raised to the peerage by her as Lord Sackville with re- mainder to his two younger brothers, Lionel, the former envoy at Washing- ton, and the late Col. William Sack- ville-West of the Grenadier Guards, father of the present Lord Sackville, as well as of Gen. Sir Charles Sack- ville-West, now visiting the U ille-W & the United * k k¥ Federal Judge Lowell's ruling, in the national courts at Boston, that a matriage by proxy legal in the coun- try in which it is performed 1s legal In every state of the Union where common law marriages are recognized. In the case of a Portuguese girl, who had been married by proxy at Lisbon to her fellow countryman, Manuel Gomez, now resident in Philadelphia, is without precedent in this country. But Burope furnishes many such in- stances, notably in the case of the royal familles of the old world. Thus the now octogenarian ex-Queen of Naples, sister of the late Empress of Austria, was married by proxy at Munich without ever having seen the then Crown Prince of Naples, after King Francis 1I, whom she saw for the first time when ten days after her marriage, she landed at Barl. The late Queen Pla of Portugal, mother of the murdered King &fl married by proxy at Florence in the regence of her father the late King lctor Emmanuel I, and was, therefore, even before she reached Lisbon or se foot in Portugal, queen of the latter country and wife of the monarch upon whom she had never sot ecves in her life—and she was fairly six- teen years old at the time. The queen mother of Spain was married by proxy at Vienna, the late Duke of Tetuam, who was minister of war at the time of Spain’s trouble with America,'and who like s0 many other Spanish grandees, was of Irish de- scent, belonging to the Irish house of O'Donnall, acting as representative of King Alfonso XII. ‘The French Duke of Blacas not only.negotiated the matrimonial al- liance of Princess Mary Caroline of Bourbon Naples to the French Royal Duke of Derry, then helr presumptive to the throne of France, but also mar- ed her by proxy at Naples. onse to the royal bridegroom’s earnest request for comfidential in- formation and hints concerning the bride, whom he had never seen, the Duke of Blacas revealed fn a mecret letter that neither the princess nor anybody else seemed to hi given any care to her teeth they “will be all right” w have been a little “soignee: to say brushed. While this was per- fectly true it did not make very ible reading for the Duchess rry, when, after her marriage she came upon the confidential let- ters which the proxy had written to her husband concerning her, and the Duke of Blacas lost thereby not only her good will, b i f the Duke de Berry himself, who beca 80 devoted and so much in love with his wife that h by _bitterly resenting the criticisms that had been passed upon her prior ta hls mar- t | Nessa was stricken. NEW BOOKS ’ AT RANDOM DEIRDRE. James Stephens. Macmillan Company. This is a story of the immemorial trouble—woman. From cave man to superman, as goal and goad and scapegoat, woman has urged man to most of his triumphs and borne the obloquy of all his defeats. A neces- sary creature. As Voltaire once said of God—If there were no God man would be compelled to invent one. The So with woman. And, indeed, he did Navy to the Secretary of the Interior. this once, using no more than the foam of the sea for the making of that Aphrodite who, thereafter, wrought havoc with hoth gods and men. “And there was Eve, (00, the di- rect result of the first recorded bit of surgery, when Adam, under the an- esthesia of sleep, was relieved of a superfluous rib—a troublesome one no doubt—that promptly took o flesh and blood and the breath of life, all of which went to the complete and speedy undoing of Adam as a gentleman of lelsure. And there was Helen of Troy and the Serpent of the Nile, and a host of others—trou- blers ali—on along to the particular trouble-maker that here steps out from the chronicles of old Ireland. * K ¥ ¥ The thing happened long ago, as long ago as when Ulster was in it- self a kingdom, one of the flve inde- pendencies that then filled the body &nd defined the boundaries of Ireland. Conacbur mac Nessa was king. Once, upon a journey, the king came at nightfall to the house of Felimid mac Dall, his story-teller. And he was cold and tired wnd hungry. More- over, strange omens had faced him along the way—threo comets racing in the sky, a sick attendant, a fallen horse — unmistakable portents these. And for an even deeper reason was Conachur mac Nessa In the blackest of moods. For Maeve, the queen, had refused to accompany him on this Journey. And was not Maeve, set free from his presence, the most pestering of women? Could she not crowd the king’s mind with pictures, torment- ing, of her ready invention for a sweeter bondage than the king had ‘been able to impose, for gallant ad- ventures that appeared to wait only the absence of Conachur mac Nessa for their satistying consummation? Oh, clearly, Conachur the king was in need of comfortings and divertings. 8o, as was then the custom among kings, he demanded of Fellmid mac Dall the company of his wife for the night. Embarrassed over his inad. quacy as proper host and loyal su Ject, too, Felimid mac Dall was con- strained to confess that his wife was in childbed. At that moment a thin wall came to their ears, and at that moment, too, the poet and sootheaver stood and epoke. “You hear. A child has been born in this house. bring evil to Ireland and work destruction to Ulster. = the creature to me,” said the king, And they brought the morsel and laid it across his knee. “So, you are to destroy my_kingdom and bring evil to mighty Ireland?’ And the babe reached & tiny claw and gripped a finger of the king. “See” and the king laughed his ringing laugh, “she places herself under my protection,” and he moved his finger to and fro, but the child held fast to it. The poet spoke agaln. “She is to be called the ‘Troubler’” "And from that day “Deirdre” was her name. ¥ Rk ¥ The story moves over to Lararcham, the nurse, into whose care at the king’s order, the little Deirdre had been placed. Now Lavarcham had nursed the king himself, adoring him as chlld and man, worshiping him as king. Wise among women, this La- varcham, who—unwomanlike—could not only lay deep plans, but could walt as weil for them to ripen to rich fruitage. And there was need for these gifts in this woman of wisdom. For all the portents had fulfiilled their evil promise, Maeve had fled the king. And Conachur mac Nessa only stood the straighter and laughed the louder and listened with eves more shining to the words of counsel and planned a more subtle and cruel warfare against those other king- doms of Ireland that had espoused the cause of Maeve—not in the spirit of chivalry but in that old lust of fighting that years later caused the good Pope to plead with the King of England to come over before these Irish kingdoms fought themselves to death and complete extermination. * % % % And the heart of Lavarcham ached for Conachur mao Nessa. Then she laid her plan. She would fashion the little Delrdre into a queen, so her thought ran. The years would pass ltke running water. And one day she would see the eyes of Conachur mac Nessa shine as they had never shone before—as the eyes of men do shine at young beauty when the years are crowding them to vain protests and fantastic gallantries. She would work her plan in secret, surprise one of the potent elements of victory. So the little Deirdre was carried away to a lone castle, high walled, guarded by old men of leather skin and wrinkled heart. The work of queen making went on, the king fed only on re- ports about the chlld—a tooth last week, a few steps yesterday, a prat- tling talk that nobody understood except the birds and the wild rabbits, and the nuzzling calf, and the light- heeled colt.”They —understood and came. Then was it & week? A vear? Not more than a year—but Deirdre was sixteen, and waiting an audience with her protector, the king. * % k X Deirdre was in flight, as Masve had been. Straight to the secret shrine that she had raised to youth and love, all unbeknown to the vigilant Lavarcham. Straight to the three sons of Ulsneac, straihgt to the eldest of these, Naoise, her lover, whom she herself had wooed out of the free overflow of her heart to him. And she told them of her plight, that Conachur mac Nessa would make her his queen and through her Words fell: She was afrald of the wrath of the king. She was afrald of his eyes and his hands—old eyes and his hands that melted her heart to water. And the sons of Ulsneac knew thelr danger and hers. And so the four of them set out to such flight as the time and the circumstances would permit. * k% % Again the heart of Conachur mac This time he sat still and thought long, with Lavarcham brooding over him. Quietly he gathered news of the fugitives. In Scotland, the messengers sald, Hving In caves and woods and remote flelds, afrald that the g of Scotland would ‘deliver them over to the mighty Conachur of Uister. And the king's eves grew softly furtive, and his voloe was oil, and his atep was Velvet smooth aa he’ crept toward his revenge and the punishment of the un- faithful. Fair promises, references to his kingly duty of protection and for- veness, the largess of a king to is subjects. Little by little the suspi- clons and fears of the homesick fugi- tives were assusged and they moved toward the open hands of. the king. Young things, ail of them, distrust and Tnoresulity hardly sprouted in thelr in nocent hearts. The rest of the story is slaughter. But before this last moment 4 forco fiEhting and the ds- Al o defont. Thess stir one, oven at Bt far day to fears and hopes and DIty ung Why revive this ancient tale? Wiell'.' t, you see, it is not an ancien e efl.%h‘z story teller is himself an eeped in the age-old brew al gend and song and chron- The past is his present, a past that the zlshmln never abandons, never forgets to embody in the pres- ent. That is what James Stephens has done here. To be sure Deirdre, “Troubler,” and Conachur mac Nessa, King of Ulster, wear the clothes and speak the speech and walk the ways of those old s. But they move into the present , Hve man and woman at l ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. Please explain the Teapot Dome oil case. I did not read about it when it first appeared and want to know how it started.—E. M. A. Congress passed an act setting aside certain of the public lands known to be oil lands for a naval oll reserve. These lands wers turned over to the Navy Department. By an Executive order their custody was transferred from the Secretary of the He leased these lands in Wyoming and California to the Sinclair and Do- heny interests, respectively. Mem- bers of the Senate questioned the le- gality and the policy of the transfer and of the leases, and a Senate in- quiry is now under way. Q. Who planted the memorial trees on 16th street in Washi; world war deBd?—F‘.“H.nan forichs A. There are three miles of - way on 16th streat on which mamaginl trees have been planted In honor of the District boys who lost their lives in the world war. These trees were planted by the District government. The markers and plates were furnish- ed by the District department of the American Legion. They were dedi- cated by the commander of the Amor- ican Legion and turned over to the city government. On May 30, 1920, these trees were dedicated. The cere- mony consfsted of a parade by the American Legionnaires of the Dis- trict and representatives from all the veteran organizatio ‘The speech was made by the assistant secretary of war. Tho music was furnished by the United States Marine Band. his breast. He was twenty-one years of age at the time of his death and had killed twenty-one men, not count- ing Indians, during his six years of outlawry. Q. Who owns the Island of James- town?—V. S. G. A. The Island of Jamestown was bought by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities Q. Is there a M;nple test for acid . A, or sour £0il?—E. A. The Department of Agriculturs says that a rough tast for soil acidity is to place blue litmus paper between two layers of the sofl. If the litmus paper turns red the soll is acld. Q. What caused the walled lake in Wright county, Iowa?—L. P. A A. There are a number of so-called “walled lakes” in Iowa, among them the one in Wright county. They were formed as a result of glacial action. The shore lines were gradually built up by the action of the waves against the shore, together with the expan- sive force of the ice. In some cases the walls look aé though they had been bullt by man. The lake in Wright county has a wall from 2 to 10 feet high, the stones of whicl range in size from three tons to hundred pounds. Q. Why do so manv people pro nounce the word “accompanist” as i7 it were spelled ‘“accompanyist”?— R. C. A. The word may be spelled either way. While it is more often spelled “accompanist”” in conversation the word ‘“accompanyist” seems to be used more often Q. Were former President and Mrs Taft the first to celebrate their sil ver w’o[ddmg at the White House” Q. How fast do quails fiy?—s. G. | F. G A. Field and Stream says that a | hunter timed a covey of guail that | he flushed for the purpose. The birds flew at a rate of about forty-eight miles an hour. Qll H;w hold wu‘ Russell H. Con- well when he went into the ministi M B. L. e A. In an {nterview with Willlam G. Shepard he says that he was ordained a Baptist minister at the age of thirty-six. He had been in the civil war, a newspaper man, a lawyer and a real estate expert. A small and needy church in Lexing- ton, Mass., so appealed to him that he mave up his business and was ordained a minister in order to put it on its feet. Q. In how many county seats in the United States are newspapers published?—F. B. A. According to the latest Aver's Directory, newspapers are publiched in 2,927 county seats in the United States. Q. When was the adopted?—W. O. H. A. It was adopted June 13, 1219. Q. Who was Billy the Kid?—A. Y. A. Billy the Kid was the name used by William H. Bonney 1859-1881. He was Killed by a bullet fired b: Sherift Pat Garrett, ich pierced Danish flag Foreign Policy Draws D When first made the explanation of | Secretary Hughes concerning the Cool- idge foreign policy as related to the Mexican situation, the Turkish treaty and the British rum agreement attract- ed very little attention. Since then, however, editors have been analyzing it. They feel, apparently, that it would be well If the Secretary could be some- what more specific, especially in view of the Increasingly bitter feeling in Latin Amrica that Mr. Hughes, at least, 18 inclined to a policy of paternalism that must prove harmful. The Newark News quite frankly oints out inconsistencies it finds in the ughes statement concerning Turkey, especially in his ignoring the charge of r. James L. Barton that the work of the American board of commissioners for foreign missions “met with disas- ter’” becauss of the treaty and the irri- tation felt because we supplied arms to Obregon. “As a lawyer,” says the News, ‘Mr. Hughes knows how to pre- eent evidence effectively, but when he urports to take the Deople into his Confidence and explain the government's forelgn policy he is not the administra- tion's attorney. He is the people’s rep- resentative and ought not to leave their minds confused.” In this connection the Brooklyn Eagle, while admitting Mr. Hughes' arguments ‘“‘are vulnera- ble,” agrees that ‘‘he deserves com- mendation for his frank statement of the issues as they appear to him. It is i for the country occasionally to fear a full explanation and defense of foreign policies about which honest dif- ferences exist.” * % % ¥ The New York Times points out that, so far as Turkey was concerned, “the department was obliged to make the best of a bad bargain” while in the case of the rum treaty “Mr. Hughes does not share the doubts of those who feel it is not constitutional.” As for his Mexican position, the Louls- ville Courler-Journal reminds the read- er that “for two years Mr. Hughes lacked sympathy for that government,” although “President Coolldge has done much to correct the unhappy impres- sions spread through Latin America by the policy of the Secretary of State. It is to be hoped that Latin America, as well as Mexico, will differentiate the American President with the American Secretary of State.” farther, the Jersey presen; presen And, going a step City' Journal insists “there is a funda- mental difficulty with Mexico that will not be cured by emergency ald by the United States to the faction that happens. to be standing at the time in favor of peaceful government. The need of Mexico is for the education of common people up to the responsi- ties of citizonship that will not per- mit of their being muleted by cor- rupt politicians and misled by incom- petent and - power-seeking military Jeadera.” To which the Waterbury Re- ublican sdds that to get results “Mr, ust have the co-operaf e and 50 gar as the Britian and other rum treaties are c g oMot have it unless ho can build up & popular Suppott strong enough o counterbalance the importunities of the extreme prohibition lobby. efing whetber “our refusal (to arms) would . have . thrown moral influence.-on the side of re- bellion,, the Milwaukge Journal re- calls “there {8 not a Lafin Americar state which does not feel today that our course in Mexico im a threat to its sovereignty. 1s that a contribus tion to the cat . world_peacer This line of reasoning, however, fails to appeal to the Albany Knicker- bocker-Press,” which clear that Mr. Hughes spe: 1 his accustomed -exactness when he says. the Mexican action s a “pru:- tical contribution by the - United States toward. the peace of the world.’ And the Akron Beacon-Journal, fully pproving the Hughes attitude, feels the present policy -of teaching the Mexican neighbors to vote instead of ghoot is in_much better keeping with American traditions/ ’ * ¥ * ¥ The Hughes policy “is faultless in its aim,” the Lincoln State Journal agrees, although “the one defect in the actual situation is that thus far gl i s i el the bilk | suppl. ating, beset with the same lit- :l‘:lla‘:xa ‘and bignesses that le In wait for everybody -n a world animated by the thousand variants of & 1 passion. The story of Deirdre, de- stroyer of the kingdoms of Ireland. is & vivld and picturesque portrayal of .the past, reaching, in its flavors and infplications, over into the pres- ent. The el.oz as it .rud-‘h-n in A. President and Mrs. Hayes wer. the first to celebrate a silver wec ding anniversary in the Executi Manegion. Q. Is the quotation “Comparisor are odorous” to be found in Shake spears?—W. B. S. A. The old proverb “Comparisons are odious,” was used In “Much Ado About Nothing,” where in act = Shakespeare caused Dogberry to mis quote it and say “Comparisons are odorous.” Q. How does the weight of the larg- est elephant compare with that of the largest horse?—F. C. A. The bureau of animal industr: says that there are some Belgian horses that weigh as much as thre: tons. It is believed that the larges: elephant in this country weighs about five tons. Q. By what name did George Wasl ington address Martha Washington —D. R. A. Patsy was the name often use: by George Washington when ad dressing his wife. (Readers of The Evening Star should send their questions to The Star Information Burcau, io J. Haskin, director, 1220 North Capi tol street. The only charge for thi service is © oents in stamps for Tc- turn postage.) Statement ivided Opinion it 1s not ‘co-operation’ which th Thited States has employed—it is dependent action. What was neede was an association of American tions ready to join in disfavor of go\ - ernment by revolution as now a' tempted In Mexico. That would hayve been co-operation,-and it would hat« ided a serious disadvantage of the tuation as it now exists. Our neigh ibor nations are exactly as disinclined 1o 2 supergovernment as we arc When the United States asserts pow in a Latin American republic southern nations are if the action good than if it is for their harm. Ou independent action in Mexico, therc- fore, is viewed with distrust.” Reviewing carefully and at con siderable length the Hughes position. the Dayton News points out *it would be but a step to employ this same doctrine in an international capacity. The legaue of nations has exactly th same idea In mind. only it stretche. out to greater widths and lensths in, visualizing the necessity for a Mon roe doctrine or whatever kind of a doctrine you wish to call it, actively enforced in the whole world, If our government belleves what it says about perpetuating peace in this sec- tion of the world why is it so dis- inclined to be concerned about the subject in its wider and in a sens more necessary scope? Perhaps M Hughes would be willing to explal But the Binghamton Press sees in the Hughes declaration something ‘“in- structive and {lluminating. It should be carefully studied by those who wish to know precisely what e State Department is doing and w do not depend for their informatio; upon wildcat storles from irrespon- sible sources.” COURAGE “I am rhh: master o; my ;;:. Y the master of m; 3 Loy THENLEY. Mussolini, the Blacksmith's Son. Benito Mussolint has spent most of his life disagreeing with people and conditions. His father was a2 penniless black- gmith and his mother placed the boy with the Silesian Fathers at Faenza, Italy, that he might become a priest But he could not adapt himself, and had to leave. Then a laborer and a student, after- ward a teacher earning 5¢ lire (§10.14) a month. Trouble with the government authorities caused him o start for Switzerland on the day of his sociallst father's arrest. Arriving in Switzerland with 2 lire (38 oents) In his pocket, he hunted work for days, and was imprisoned for vagrandy. - When freed he found & job as mason. A Marxian soolalist, he started g revolutionary paper, and Switzerland expelled him. Working his way back into Italy he became a leader of the soclalists and editor of Avanti, the party paper. He started a revolutlon in Romagna, in 1914, and lost. When the world war started le wanted Italy to enter {t, and the so- clalists threw him out of the party. He staited Popoll d'Italia, called it a “socialist dally” and the radical Ri‘“" began a campalgn to destroy m. When Italy finally got into the war, he, while corporal in “the infantry, recelved 100 wounds in battls, was discharged for disability and deco- ted by the king. nAmr’ peace was declared, with “reds” gajning oontrol in d Ttaly, he formed the fascista, enter- gd the election oam paign and was hopelessly de! Bhe “rule of the “reds” was wild. He perfected his fascistl army, led it 1o control of the workers, took the diotatorship from the premier and called on the king to ratify his aot. The king refused, and Mussolini marched his hosts of “black shirts” to Nome, was received by the king the senate and chamber end gives power to do as he desired. Not forty years old, he commands an_organization estimated to be million_strong, still s’ dictator of Italy and tells the king how to'rule. {Copzright, 1923.)