Evening Star Newspaper, November 24, 1923, Page 6

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] THE THE EVENING STAR Mariboro way as far as the top of the | men who drive while drunk and act With Sunday Morning Edition WASHINGTON, D. C. BATURDAY...November 24, 1823 THEODORE W. NOYES. Editor | The Evening Star Newspaper Company | Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsyivania Ave, New York Office: 110 Fast 42nd St. b Chicago Office: Toyer Bullding. | Raropean Oflice: 18 Regent St., Lordon, England. | The Eventng Star, with the Sunday morning edition, ia deliveredl by carclers within the eity at 60 cents per mouth: daily oniy. 43 ¢enta per month; Sunday only, 20 cents’ per month. Orders may e aent by matl or fele | phone Malu G000. Collection 1 made by car- riora at tle end of cach month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Dally and Sunday..] yr., §8.40; 1 mo., 700 Daily only.. 1yr $8/00: 1 mo., B0 | Sunday only 20¢ All Other Spates. Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 830 | weeo 13T, $7.001 1 mo., 60c | LU5r #8005 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press, ae Associated Press fs excluslvely entitis o the use for repubiication of all rews dis- | patches er s it or not otherwise credited | I i paper aud also the locnl mews pubs Bahed Lerela. Al cights of publication of | #pecial dispatchics herein are aiso reserved. | P Paily ar Dafly only Sunday only Wanted: Fiscal Peace. ¢ Commissioners, ha 1 @ bond-issue il s 1 the .provisions and re which are vital to the District’ welfure, have with equal wisdom re- frained from taking the initiative in Presenting it. After Congress has appropriated to meet current and aceumulated munici pal needs the maximum amount from current taxes and national subven- ton, and after it has appropriated to- ward the District's proportionate con- | tribution all or part or none of the District’s T surplus, if Con- gress then finds still unmet millions ©f aceumulated municipal needs and is willtng that the District shall borrow through a bond 60-40 ba of payment the money to meet this der of municipal needs, the Com- rssioners will be prepared with a carefully considered hond-issue Lill to submit to Congress for consideration in this connection, It is undesirable that District shall now tuke the initiative in propos ing any chanzes of the vatio or of t taxing howev burden- some, w organic act. That should b a trial ts merits den Congress and he people of Washington are entitled t0 a rest for @ time | controversy over fiscal legislation, promised Wwhen the new law was cnacted. Washington’s fiscal campaign of to- day is divided, like all Gaul, into three parts: (1) To convinee Congress that the District budget estimates whi the P and the budget b submit to it have been so carefully 145 to constitute a real budget h can lustly and safely be enact- | d into appropriative Jaw substantially | unchanged pt fordequitable in- creases to which tho Idget bureau | shall 4 Congress that the the controlier general, the congres- sfonal joint surplus committee, demon- strate that a District tax @ one-half millions exists in the Treasary and is avaliable | for appropr never Congress | 15 ready to appropriate. Asd after con- vineing Congress of its power to ap- | propriate the surplus without further aubsiantive legislation, then to induce Con actually to appropriate the surplus on the equitable basis of def- inlte proportionate contribution, the half-and-halfl ratio, under the pledges | wnd sanctions of which this surplus tax | money was collected; and (3) to con- vince Congress of the justice and wis- dom of declaring by its acts an era of peace n District fiscal affairs nnder the operation of the new orgunic act | at least five years during which | the Dist you-go” fund, created by that act, may be accumu- ‘ating: and to protect against all tack the deftnite propertionate contri- bution principle now embodied in the 60-40 ratio. That principle and that rutio are vitaily necessary to the Capi- tal's welfare, and all the factors that fight for Washington should unite to protect these essential features of the new organic act against the assaults, open or insidious, of the advocates o1 the lumpsum contributfon plan, h by o surprise flank attack now fram with tions easury ssue on the the prov of the ne taw given on and crits, der convine approv tion wi — !right, second long hill, turned sharply, to the went over a bumpy road for about a mile and a half and pulled in to the side yard of Prince Georges county's famous gambling resort.” ‘With a map of the county almost anybody ought to bé able to find his way to this “shrine of chance,” but without consulting a map the impres- slon will be strong with many men that this is a place, or one very near it, which has been famous or other- wise for thirty or forty years, and perhaps for half a century, for prize fights, cocking mains. dog fights and the usual accompaniments. The re- cently clected sheriff of Prince Georges county has said, “T am under no obligation to the gamblers” and “1 will do my duty.” There have been & number of men holding the office of sherdff of Prince Georges who have not deait effectively with men who, not being able to defy the law In the District of Columbia, move into Mary- land to set up card, dice and whisky dens. Of course, evervbody in the District understands that the sober and respectable people of the county ave against this sort of thing and that from time to time they prod the law officers into action, when the law ofli- cers do not seem inclined to act with- out prodding These contrary “res in Maryland are to the law, and are gathering places for lawless men and thelr dupes. We shall probably hear more about the place told of in The Star, and it will be closed. It will remain dark and lonely for a tim then the lights will be turned on and the sharpers and the euckers will come again. The duty of the sherif and other officers of the county i to close such places as this and keep them closed. Law officers must know these ces, for they generally know every @ of the home county and evers- body in it. ————————— Ebert's Great Task. President Ebert must today make decislons which may de- termine the fate of Germuny. Chancellor Stresemann been forced to resign by a recalcitrant reichstag. Whatever mistakes may be laid at the door of the fallen Ger- man leader, the allies have recognized in him the greatest single force in- fluencing fultiliment of the treaty of Versuilles. Other chancellors equivo- cated and temporized Wwith the ques- tion of Germany's Mability. He ad- mitted it. Cuno initiated and financed, with consequent bankruptey of the German treasury, passive resistance in the Ruhr. Stresemann ended it. Though constantly resisting the French iden that Germany should be destroyed, nevertheless 3 -9 on som on ground London clares, had it not been for the very determined attitude of Pramier Poin- are to see Germany destroyed, finan- industrially and economically, mann eventually would have reached an aceord, avolding the pr ent critical situation for the whole o Europe. But, whatever Stresemanu’s efforts in adjusting foreign policy, he was be- -t by conflicting revolutionary tides within Germany. Political partt notably the socfalists and communists on the one hand, and the nationalists, representing the monarchical eyim- pathics, on the other, utilizéd his ever action as ammunltion in their general 1in eventually completa con- trol of Germany. Socialists ussailed Stresemann for not dealing more firm- with the industrialists charged with wrecking German finances. ' accused him of winking at monarch: cal plans for complete restoration of the Hohenzollerns or the Wittels- bachs. On the other hand, bLecause Stresemann in many instances did insist that the industriallsts and moneyed interests of Germany share their portion of the tremendous finan- cial burdens thrust upon the reich through reparations exactions, he in- vited their fire. The monarchists, fai ing to utllize the reichswehr for their purpose of putting an end to the re- public, which they insisted was pro- alist, likewise a cellor. It matter: resemann might have done in regard to fulfill- ment of ailied demands, or how far of Germany has ught to meet Iy s chan- threatens to destroy that sound and wholesome prineiplc In the matter of substantive legisla- tion changing directly or indirectly the 60-40 ratio, all that Washington asks for the present is to be let al ——————— Radio. Radio fans win o vietory. At Jeast it is a partial victory. They win on the point of not having to take out & permit for a radlo set, but they lose in that cutside aerials shall not cross a street, alley or other public property. The police are to see that acrials on private property are far cnough away trom other wires or highly charged wires to be safe. The Commissioners have decided that radic is not subject to regulation by the electrical depart- ment under the permit system, but that radio wires must be at a safe dis- tance from telephone and high-tension electric wires. The electricul depart- ment, by direction of the Commiss.on- ers, will issue directions how aerials should he constructed to make them safe, and no doubt investigations wiil be made to see that the directions are complied with. “Listeners in,” who have come to be a large part of the people of Washington, are content. ——— e Much discussion of President Cool- idge's campaign intentions should not be necessary. A man In his present position is ex-officio a candldate. Dice Resorts. The story of a gambling place in Prince Georges county, not far from the District line, was told in The Star an evening or so ago. There would geem to be little secrecy as to where this place is. It seems to be known to a large number of Washington men and it must be known to a good many persons scattered over a wide terri- tory between the District line, the Marlboro road, the Walker or T. By road and the road which strikes off from the T. B. road at Silver Hill and passes by Suitland to the Marlboro road. Indicating this place, The Star reporter wrote: “So we traveled out ! he may have gought to settle internal conditione, he was doomed to be caught between the nationalistic and sociallstic millstones, His tenure could have been sustalned only tirough dissolution of the reichstag, which he himself ingisted on main- taining in session, or through a dic tatorship. The very force in govern- ment which he insisted should live meant his political death. Upon President Ebert now rests the responsibility of answering the per- plexing question whether Germany should continue to attempt representa tive forms of government through cabinet and reichstag or whether the oft-suggested plan of a directorate, or even military dictatorship, shall pre- vail. Whatever his course, it is gen- efally recognized that only by the strongest force can he stay the swiftly running tides of dissolution within Germany. ———————— When a hat is thrown into the ring it is promptly inspected to ascertain whether there is a string tled to it to facilitate its withdrawal in favor ofan- other hat. ——————————— In this era of rum-running there is no clags of employment calling more rigldly for sober and industrious men than that offered by the New Jersey coast guard. Traffic Violators. A Police Court judge of the District, speaking before the Washington Safe- ty Council, delivered opinions on traf- fic violators which agree Wwith the sentiments of most persons. He urged Jail sentences for one class of offend- ers—drunken drivers—and this pun- ishmeént has been urged as desirable by the Commissioners and chief of police. It is within the right of this Police Court judge to carry out his views in this matter. Whether the treatment will effect a cure is a ques- tion which men debate, but it might be given what may be called a fair and reasonable trial. It would seem that revocation of license and a term in jail ought to reduce the number of ias a deterrent on thosb who might drive while drunk. - The judge would make it more dif- ficult to obtain a license to drive a car, and this opinion is galning ground as the numbers of cars and pedestrians | increase and as perils of the streets seem to grow greater. He belleves that there should be no immature drivers nor drivers not physically fit to handle the levers. This is reasonable. Im- maturity cannot be determined with exactness by the number of years a Dperson has lived, but the line must be drawn somewhere, and the authori- { ties huve sought to do it. If in their opinion the age limit should be ralsed the public would acquiesce. Judge Schuldt is quoted as saying: “My observation has been that a large pro- portion of the colliding cases hefore the Traffic Court have been wherein fmmature persons were operating,” and I should say that no person un- der elghteen, and personally 1 would make the age limit higher, should operate a car, and especlally a truck.” is opinion Is based on observation and experlence, and is entitled to welght. He sald also that * igno- rance or insanity, or all three, are re- sponsible for reckless driving.” In ex- amining applicants for lcense it would probably not be possible to turn one away on the ground of ego, but it ought to be possible to keep insane or grossly fgnorant persons from driving cars. The suggestion that insane per- sons may be driving automobiles in the Distrlct is very surprising. ————————————— Half-Day Before Christmas. The President will issue an order about the middle of December giving a half-holiday on the day before Christinas to federal employes, and District workers will also have a brief suspension of labor that they may set themselves for the joys of Christmas eve and Christmas. 1t id that “there Is no assurance that the order will include a half-holiday for the day preceding New Year duy, which was the custom untll last year, when President Harding declined to grant it Half a day of rest before Christ- mas 1s a small thing in the way of Christmas gift from the government to its workers, but it will give a sense of keen appreciation to thousands of men and women. It would not strain the government to close its work- shops and put up the shutters for a | fow irs before New Year day. Here's hoping that we, including the workers for the general government and the District, may have little time before the great annual festivals to make last-hour purch of gifts and dinner sundries and make ready for the pleasures that should come to all on Christmas and New Year day. ———— is a More than ever Dr. Cook reulizes his mistake In hurrying back to ke United States from the Arctic regions. The recollection of the King of Den- mark’s mistake will hurdly sate him for the remarks of a Texas judge in @ mood of righteous indigna- tion. compen- —_———— Salary Increases for school teachers are mentioned as possible promoters of holiday cheer. The profession of teaching has never been weil paid. and if there were a Santa Claus grateful children and parents the country over { would commend the &ctiool teacher to the genlal salnt's best consideration. —————— Occasionally parties to divore cedings manage to convey the n that their household infel have in some mys: become a national issue. P — The burdens of the avern payer could be lightened without risk of stinting the Treasury i€ all the boot- leggers could be made to pay up their arrearages. pro- im- L ——— The railroad business created somie- thing of a surprise when it announced that @ large number of men would quit work, and that thers wae no question of a strike Involved. ——— A tax reduction that would save a portion of the time fnvoived in com- plex caleulations might represent @ benefleial economn; —————— By and by muttimillionaires will realize that it is all wrong to elope with a talented lady who ought to have remained wedded to her art. ——————— SHOOTING STARS. LY PHILANDER JOHNSON The Modern Statesman. The modern statesman cannot wait On every verbal row. He's tempted to suspend debato To go and milk the cow. He has to sit up late at night. So precious is the day; For when the sun is shining bright He's busy making hay. He wants the live stock well in line, But troubled is hie dream; The mule and elephant combine To make a cumbrous tean. The modern statesman still shows pep In laying down the law. He makes a speech and says, “Gid- Qep,” And maybe “gee” and “haw.” Top of the Heap Preferred. “I understand that your hat is not vet {n the ring. “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “The hat that gets into the ring too early merely gets covered up with a ‘whole lot of other headgear.” Jud Tunkins says a lounge lizard is mighty Iiable to. evolute into a park bench snowbird. Reckless Money. How often men of wealth unwise Show curious eccentricities, And pay large sums to advertise Thelr dublous domesticitiea! ' Seeking Happiness, “Mgny people still go to Paris for a good time.” “Yes," observed Miss Cayenne. “Sev- eral of my friends have gone there for divorces,” ‘After you has done voted foh a winner,” sald Uncle Eben, “he’s apt to lose his gratitude an’ figger dat yoh 'vote was one o' de surplus he didn’ ac- tually need.” EVENING STAR, IN TODAY’S NOVEMBER 24, 1923, SPOTLIGHT BY PAUL V. COLLINS A great deal of “Indignation,” or at least impatience, has been manifested in certain political and financial cir- cles over the recent pronouncement of President Polncare to the effect that France will not undertaks to repay her loans to this country, except as she collects reparations from Ger- many. By some minds this statement has been interpreted to be almost re- pudiation of the debt, umounting to nearly $4,000,000,000, and criticism has been launched agalnst the supposed repudiators. For the Unlted States Kovernment has consistently rvfused to consider its clalm against France as in any way conditional on her col- lection of German reparations. There 18 no new departure in the policy or frank statement of Presi- dent Poincare. It has been France's attitude ever since the war. Hence, Treasury officlals say, there s no rea- son now for sudden excitement, on the assumption that, Ly her present alleged “repudiation.” this country faces a loss of %0 great an nsset us $4.000,000,000, involving, as it would, additional losses of what iy due from other debtor nations. %k All such obligations are ed by promissory represent notes, vewding as ertificate will be converted by the government of (France), If re- the Secretary of the Iremsury of the United States of Amerfea, at par, with an adjustment of accrued interest, into an equal par amount of 5 per cent gold bonds, conforming to the acts of Con- Te The officlal signature of the French government (or of the other respec- tive debtor nations) attached to the above standard form of promis- sory notes. France owes an aggre- gate of $2.310, 76.97 prine rucd interest of 3576, ., making a total indebtedn August 24, 1923, of 7 Fra has act to mount of 547.8%, which fact appears gotten in some gua payment would s have been made by a_debtor intending ultimate- 1y to repudiate the principal. $190,671,~ to be for- but which their® lan- payment, The demand notes, by guage, Indieate that cash at immediate date, contemplated, but that, on dema this government, at some Conv time after the war had ended. would be refunded In the gold bearing & per terest notes now bear). But t with Great Eritain computed at ember, 1922, d for the' notes nt for the firat per cent for the ‘o years. As that ¥ be the basis of set- Gther natlons, there is in reducing in- ake early udj was never nd of nient they form of cent in- an bonds (23 ti in our sett the actual 4% per e and bonds bear me would tiement a stre terest cha ment and vith Great Britain and Finland are the only nations which have so convert- ed their notes into definite bonds. Cuba and Nicaragua have paid thelr loans, without -rting them Into bonds. The other debtor nations of all till owing us In sums Ttaly's $1,672.879,- millions each from 1l nations, and all this is repre- ed by d notes. The total, ide ingland and Finland bonds, amounts to $7,000.000,000. If France were to repudiate her $4.000,- 000,000 the other $3,000.600.000 wonld follow in the dump—if not also the British bonds. But repudiation by cons BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY, Since all the world is interested, on moral and material grounds, in the limitation of the production of opium, it f¢ well to take note of the remark able and startling assertion made, the other day, in London, at the annual banquet of the China Assoctation, the Right Honoruble Sir John Jorlan, to the effect that, owing to the im- potency of the Peking movernment and of the chans that reigns at pres- ent throughout China, the latter is. despite the drasti prohibiting its cultivation. srowing twice as much opium toduy as all the of the | worid put together, India Included Yet in 1917 ihe production of oplum | had been: virtually stamped out in { China, according to the official reports made to the league of nations oplum committes, as compared with her production of 40,000 tons in 1905, Tha fact that China Is teday pro- Aucing twice us much oplum as all the rest of the world combined is so alarming as to call for some sort of united action on the part of the great {powers. Sir John Jordan speaks with hie authority and weight born of well nigh unrivaied experience. For forty- | four vears of the brilllant official ci- reer of this clever and resourceful unty Down Irishman were spent in China, nearly twenty years of it as British minister plenipotentiary at Peking. Kept on in office until 1920, that is to say, several yvears atter he had reached the statutory age of re- tirement, he then, with the consent of the British crown, accepted the po- sition of adviser in London to the Peking government, which, however, he resigned early in 1921, in view of the difficulty of securing the accept- ance at Peking of his wise and en- Mghtened counsels. * % ok ok Sir John makes a suggestion for dealing with the present intolerable situation in China—a suggestion based on the methods already adopted there by the United States govern- ment. The latter, finding all appeals to Peking quite’ fruftless, hes in- structed Its admiral commanding the ‘American naval forces on the China station to place armed guards on all Ameriean steamers plying on the various rivers of China, with orders to fire upon all native brigands, pi- rates or even provincial military units venturing to molest or to at- tack. in any way, craft flying the United States flag, and to notify all the provinclal governors and author- itles of the adoption of these meas- ures, Sir John Jordan declares that, since the government at Peking has lost its hold over the provinces, which have set up independent governments of their own, and that forelgn na- tions can gain little or nothing by | maintalning _the assumption that Peking governs and controls all China the powers should agree to deal di- rectly with the provincial governors and dictators as the de facto rulers of China, and that they should be in- vited by the foreign governn.ents, that i3 to say, by those concerned In the _so-called nine-power treaty, which emanated from the Washing- ton disarmament congress, to partici- pate In & conference which would fur- nish _an opportunity of composing & number of difficulties and would at the same time endow the provinclal governors with a sense of Internae tional responsibility, thereby estab- lishing their authority. * ok x X ‘When one bears in mind the vast area and the enormous population of laws }que France or any other civillzed and solvent natton is unthinkable. L Russla owes us (Inclusive of inter- est) $237,242,064.27, and the soviet government shows no present Intent either to pay current Interest or to fund the debt in gold bonds, but in our Treasury lie the promissory notes, and there they will probably stand aS a bar to recognition of any Rus- sian government which refuses to take them over and fund them. * K ok % The history of France und her supreme rank among honorable na- tlons makes the idea of her ever con- templating repudiation grotesque. All that President Polncare's statement means Is to express France's present inability to begin her ultimate repay- ments. But why not fund the demand notes into bonds? Because the bonds would become payable in annual Install- ments and France (devastated and t supporting military defense) is t yet able to meet such puyments, being dependent, as she represents. on_lier irregular collections from Germany. Le Temps, which 15 eometimes con- sidered an officlal organ of the ad- ministration, protests agalnst present funding, on the ground of demoralized oxchange, but as both the notes and | bonds are based on_ gold, that ment Is not clear. It also obje the erroneous ground that, bas our settlement with England, she would be required to pay the bonds in twenty-five years, while the Ger- man reparations will require sevent five years to collect; hence, ance would have to finance two-fhirds of her bonds from resources other than German claims. Cur settlement with England covers sixty-two years. * % x % There are certain financial interests and other Influences pressing for can- cellation of all claims by the United States. Their arguments for cancella- tion are mutually contradictory. There is little if any of such senti- ment in officfal circles. funding Commission s forbidden by law either to cancel or to trade the obligations of one nation for those of any other. Othiers press for drastic collection on the ground that if the nations are obliged to pay us, the Warring na- tions would have no funds for con- tinuing thelr wars, But if all are thus impoverished, say those of more moderate views, will not the Einstein theory of relativity leave them equal- Iy ablle to fight? Desperate and rving peoples may fight for life its required sustenance. Assistant Secretary of the Treas- Sliot Wadsworth (who le aiso secretary of the Debt-refun Sommission) advances the argun against cancellation on the gr thiat we may wanl to borrow in the future from urope, and then the i would be sure to arise as to Whether we might not n_point to our precedent and demand like cancellation of what we would then owe. Cancellation would thereby in- jure our own credit, {f we ever again needed credit. The Debt-refund- ing Commission consista of Secretary the Treasury Mellon retary of commerce Hoover, Kenator Smoot and Kepresentative Burton, There is, it would seem, no dispo- sition to press France or any other debtor. but it Is likely that within the next fow months efforts will be made to refund all the notes on tirms _mutually _satisfactory. Hith- to there has been no embarrass- in_any coun'ry dus to these no country which has not the cebt ~carriv: in its budget. Tha United has not played the role of a Shylock. but is 4y at all times to show the same nsideration of the debtor's condi- tion as a broad-gauged banker would show an tndl Tnore ts saved, even from had debt, by leniency than by overharshness, yet never losing sight of final settlement. (Copsright, 1823, by Paul ¥, Oollins.) nt und China Grows Twice as Much Opium as Rest of World the varfous provinces of China, and that the suthority of the governors Is supreme there, and wholly inde- pendent of Peking, it will be reallzed that Sir John Jordan's project, sug- gested by the United States naval action for the protection of American life and property in China, presents the only solutfon of the existing crisls resulting from the present chaos in China. It {8 manifest atlon Is by meeting conditions as they actually are and not what they officialiy ought to be. Sir John Jordan will be remembered in the United States as having formed part of the British delegation to the disarmament congress at Washington, to which he was sent ut the carnest request of Earl Baifour to act as adviser on everything concerning China. Fis presence was not alto- gether pleasing to the Japanese mis- sion. For he is not precisely persona grata in Japan, with whose officlals he was often brought Into c not only while minister plen tiary at Peking, but likewise In Korea, during the last eight years of its ex- istence as an independent empire, when he was accredited as British envoy to the court of Seoul. He is as the result of his experlence of th far orient, keenly alive to the evil as of opium,nd hus done more than any | other one man for the suppression of the Indian opium trade in China. He speaks the most perfect French and until his retirement was in the habit of spending all his furloughs in France, mainly {n Parls, for the pur- pose of improving his knowledge of the French language, of French law, of French polley and of French life. Sir John knows more about young boy Emperor of China than any other white man lfving. save the lad's Znglish tutor, R. F. Johnson, former governor of Wel-Hal-Wei, who was appointed on Sir John's recommenda- tion. Sir John expresses a keen in- terest and a warm regard for the lad, hom it is incorrect to describe as the “eX-empero; since technically he has merely intrusted the reins of the government of China to the tempo- rary republic proclaimed in 1912 and still retains all his honors. his rank and his title, though virtually a pris- oner within the precinets of the species of forbidden city known as imperial palace. In a Few Words. Women have faith in the judgment of men—Iit belng & part of their in- ferfority complex. We've got to end this complex of ours If we expect to tuke our place in politics. —CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT. The league of nations is a Franco- h duet. PR EPREMXER MUSSOLINI. It is the lack of moral justice that 5 e's undoing. is Burope's & el SRS The conquest, of the air, so jubilant- 1y hafled by general opinion, may turn out the most sinister event that ever befell us. —JOHN GALSWORTHY. A balapced ration will be evolved, possibly synthetic, eliminating all di- gestive disturbances, and humanity will look back upon the eating of Promiscuous viands the way we now look back on the drunken debauches the middle ages. - o —E. L. DU PONT. No dletator, no matter how benevo- lent his p:laiu ons, can be trusted tolerated. oF toleT2 ROBERT LA FOLLETTE. Inflation is as malignant a disease T, = ““ism ARTHUR BALFOUR. The Debt-re- | al, recognizing that | that | the best way of dealing with the situ- | the | | i | | modern fctio jot the ian WASHINGTON, D. ¢, SATURDAY, The Library Table BY THE BOOKLOVER To R booklover who is also a na- ture lover, there fs one type of lit- erature which brings pleasure second only to wandering in the woods, through fields and along streams, or over mands and rocks by the sea; that type is the nature essay. When the summer rambles are over, an es- say of Thoreau, John Burroughs or W. H. Hudson, read by the fireplace, is not a bad substitute. With Tho- reau we can spend “A Week on the Concord and Merrimao Rivers,” or visit “Walden” or make “Excursions In Fleld and Forest” John Bur- roughs, who lived in Washington for nine years, will take us in his es- sarp u:’ many places around the Cap- 4l and show us their beautl ! 11 seasene. He will teach us “The Ways of D re" and tell Signs and Seasong > “OMEHINE of * Xk ok % W. H. Hudson, who died only a short time ago, devoted his life, as did Bur- roughs, to the enjoyment, the study and the recording of the beauties and wonders of nature. His books ars all €0 delightful that it is hard to wake & cholce among them for any par- ticular hour o din ar ding. “Idle Days in Patagonis Hampshire Days," A Shepherd's Life, r Away and l:nnl: Ago™ and “A Hind In Richmond Park” are among his best. Hudson was an ornithologis also was Willlam Beebe, another essayist in whose work sclene and literature are harmoniously mingled R by William Beels may frequently ound in the Atl Monthly, his ks inciuc Jungle T ! 1 Jungle the Wilderness.” ok ok ¥ A French naturalist who wrote es- s artistlc in stvle that he was criticized by rome scientists for making his work too popular was Jean Henri Fabre. Victor Hugo called him the Homer of the Insect world, Darwin savant who thinks philosopher and writes llke a He lived to an advanced age passed almost his entire life in the &judy of insects. He wrote of moths, spiders, scorpions and other erawling and zing creatures 1 most_as If thes human beings. Among his writings are eples, idyll tragedies, dies, farces, of the i sect The results of his d votion to his subject are ten volume: entitled “Souvenirs Entomologiques.” Practically all of Fabre's work is now in translation. Two Yolum: Uy been pub- Iished Qursy “The L pion.” An_ in- sting blography Fabre ls “The n n]‘r“n!»' Fi G ay he M xiec nd “Our s At frequent intery written which mig the Anti-Saloon League, so powerful is its prohibition argument. Such a novel was Jack London's “John Bar- leycorn.” A particularly tragic of this style is Gertrude Atherton's “A Daughter of the Vin Its ou come is, like the catastrophe in classic tragedies of fate a foreg conclusion. We know fro st that the dice are all loads Nina Kandolph. Heredity and vicious training have made her char in life a ve poor one, but In add tion, when ms to be mak- ing a falr inst these two handic: deais b bad luck It is no wonder that & a succession of such b she celves of herself as born unde verse star, gives up the strug rapldly sinks to such a level that San Francigco sociery knows her no more, r, an Englishn of strong, s 'character, ‘to help use of an unkind fate in- tent of the author. Nina's mother arn her cous on the ternal side, Dr. Richard Clough, are two as good stage villains as are often f. ad in story earl ve tenac her der * % % % The lurge newspaper fu: part of the reading of peopie, including the Booklover those like him, whose fnclination, habit and vocatlon lead them to read a multitude of books, that books de- voted to the press are in- teresting. This Is especial the newly ravised edltion “History of Amerfean by Prof. James Melvin Qepartment of rnalism of New York Univers This inter- esting and acholarly work traces the American newspaper from its earliest beginning in the broadsides publi ed i England in colonial d shows its Intimate connection with American history, politics and Iiterature. formation net oniy of the standard facts about great editors and brated papers, but also of odd, cur and out-of-the-way sheets, characters and e nts in American newspaper history. In the new rs added to the present edition t0 be found an_account of war-time 1 and discussion of such tc adless newspaper, the munici newspaper, the Associated Press and other newd services. press censors Ship, the suppression of news, the fn- fiuence of advertising. the unfairness of papers. signed editorials and pres- ent day tendencies in journalism. x % x % The pathetic quest of th crippled heir to an English after love and a mate is the subject of “Love's Pilgrim,” by J. D. Beres- ford. The book is not of the serlous type to which belong “The House in Demetrius Road" and “The Early His~ tory of Jacob Stahl” and its two se- It belongs rather with t lighter works, such as Jervaise Comedy” and “The Prisoners of Hartling.” The plight of the sen sitive, romantlc Innes-Foster seems Fopeless after three successive lov affairs have ended In failure, but the fourth attempt is so succe: ul that it obliterates all memory of his Fumiliations, At least it ful from thé point of vie ecstatic happlness; judged by his mother and the uncle whose helr he is, It leaves something to be desired. As he enters Ashrenny Court, after a harrowing adventure, in the middle of a wild, stormy night, drenched to the skin, and so exhausted that he is al- most supported by Clalre, he sees his mother “standing upright and calm by the big stalrcase. Instantly knows that the jealousy and haughti- ness which have made her oppose his marrlage are to persist to their logi- cal end: “She was watching us in- tently, and in her set cold face I could read the renewal of her determination to renounce all her interest in me.” ® K ¥ ¥ “The Life of Cardinal Gibbons,” in two volumes, by Allen Sinclair Will, is based on the private journal kept by the cardinal since 1868 and on the Baltimore archives. It contains much material of interest to general read- ers, particularly that which shows the Felations of Cardinal Gibbons with prominent public men and movements in both America and Europe. This blography recalls the biographies of two other great cardinals, Wilfred Ward's “Life of Cardinal Newman" and Edmund Purcell's “Life of Car- dinal Manning. * % Kk The Harper $2,000 novel prize has been awarded by a unanimous vote of the judges to Miss Margaret Wil- son of Chicago for her novel, “The Able McLoughlins,” a story of Iow ploneer life. Miss Wilson is a nativ of Towa and a graduate of the Uni versity of Chicago. The judges wer. Josse Lynch Williams, Henry Seide. Canby and Carl Van Doren. most Iways ¢ true of of tie L jou slightly estate and | Is some novel is! be a document of | dave, | 1t is a_perfect mine of in- | | unmistakable al | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. How many patients have been discharged from St. Elizabeth’s, hav- ing regained their minds?—C. W. M. A. St Elizabeth's Hospital says that about 170 patients out of 4,000 re- cover their sanity. Q. Is the German quota full?—A. J. A. The annual quota is 67,607. At the present time 42,093 Germans have been admitted. - The English quota has already been exhausted. immigration Q. Where was the first English toll road?—B. H. F. A. It led from St Giles-in-the- Fleids to the village of Charing, now central London. It continued from Charing to Temple Bar, and, turning, went along Perpoole. Parliament au- thorized the levying of the first toll on this road in 1346 Q. What are the by-products of cotton?—B. J. R. A. The by-products of cotton are oil (food and lubricating), cellulose, celluloid, suncotton and stock feed. Q. Who invented llmericks and why are they so called?—L. T. A. Edward Lear s sometimes named as the originator of the limer- ick. While tutor in the famlly of the Earl of Derby, about 1834, he wrote his first nonsense book for the enter- tainment of the earl's youngest son. The word limerick is said to_be the name of a song current in Ireland, the refrain of which song contains the place name “Limerick.” Q. What {s the difference between the burean of entomology and the | bureau of ethnoluzy?—M. C.°G Entomology zoulogy that treats of inke bureau of entomology is under_the Department of Agricuiture. Eth- nology Is the science which treats of the division of mankind into races, | thelr origin, “distribution and rela- tions, and ‘the peculiarities which characterize them. This bureau is under the Smithsonfan Institution. Sault Marie what does it mean? of ‘The Q. Hos nounced und L. R. A. Sault Ste. Marie is pronounced Soo Saint Marie. This is the French Saint Mary's Falls. A town bears the name and also Michigan side of the v years the popula 1Wo towns were about the st censuses show Ste. Marie, Ontario, has . 21,000 inhabitants, while city has less than 13,000, ntario lone an Sault more th the Mic Q. What is the salary of a quarter- |master sergeant?—W. T. B |, A. The War Department says that the pay of a master sergeant, the ade in which all quartermaster ser- vior grade, are now placed, 26 per month. Quartermaster ants, other th: are regarded as tech sergeants and their pay is $54 per month. This {pay became effective July 1, 1922, is Q. What size are adobe bricks?— D. R. F. | A. The sizes are land 18xi2x4. The used as headers, stretchers. Adobe 18x9x4 nes are hers & made « 4. The bricks are baked by being turned with e sides to the sun day by day for a week or two. Whe sufficiently baked they are stacke usuaily larger mold Has tiil great pine for- W The primeval forests of ine which gave the f Pine Tree state disappeared, but the second growth is be used to a large extent Spruce forests are the most extensive, Hemlock, birch, balsam, fir, oak, ma- ple. cedar, yellow pine, beech, ba wood, eim, ash and others are also found in Maine. Maine white state the name e nearly all | Q. What flag rules Afehanistan?— I\\ G. » dependent. | i prince. | Argues on Evolution. Afphanistan is It is ruled t plately in- hereditary Frances A. Walker Denounces Theory of Darwin. To the Editor of The Stars May 1 in {c ‘s letter that ! ftude in regard object to Is a scientific t ssated and accepted as a fact befors {1t has been proved, and when a large | number of very tstinguished nt Vists, past and present, not t fim 1t 1 wae not giving my ewn view: | but quoting from the scientists them- i selves—men who have given the lives he study of the se of nature who tell us in language that the Da can no longer be ac- i he n to evol { whol |erets winian theory cepted Geologists and glaciologists have also plaved havoc with dates. The slashing of budget estlmates is child play in comparison with the ruthless cutting down of estimates of the relative antiquity of men. We must remember that man did not appear on the earth until after the reign of ice, and as the latest| geologists have established the fact that not more than 12,000 or 15.000 years at the outside can he allowed for the entire life on earth of man, | one can easlly see the plight of the biologist wi.o requires not fewer than 1,000,000 vears (Haeckel's estimate is 1.000,000,000) for the evolution of man | from the lower forms up through the brute creation to a two-legged, re- sponsible belng. i Now the archeologists find that| from 6.200 to 8,000 years ago there were already on earth perfectly de- | veloped human races, IVing a highly cultivated soclal lifé. So that cuts it down still further. In other words, in about 5000 vears, as Prof. Town- send points out, “man developed not only a perfect physical organism, but intellect, conscience, language, litera- ture, religion, art and science.” Quite an achievement! If it had pleased the Almighty to evolve man from the brute it would have been a very marvelous thing, but there is no real proof that He did. Man was created in His image, and only became an exile and re- lapsed Into barbarism through ein. | The “total depravity” doctrine, how- | ever, that Mr. Clapper ailudes to Is a modern sectarian error. Man was never totally depraved. The divine spark lingered still, and will lead the prodigal back at last from his long journey to the Father's Lome. Incidentally, 1 am a woman, but I don’t insist upon the last word! FRANCES A. WALK | | Briton Sees America Grabbing Everything Another distinguished British lec- turer is telling American audiences that the United States is preventing old-world reconstruction by grabbing everything in sight—demdnding re- payment of war loans, capturing in- dustries, invading forelgn markets long controlled by European coun- tries, monopolizing the great Ameri- can market, by means of high tariff rates, paying exorbitant prices for European art works of-interest and value, Insidiously Influencing literary, musical and other tendencies and s0_on. The picture drawn by tais gentle- nan and by other eloguent foreign isitors is cublst rather than real. In the first place, of all the allles .1y Great Britain is paying interest A its war debt to the United States. a the second place, as Mr. Hoover nas been demonstrating, the balance L3 l ¢ | cecdings | does not hlow Q. Why are lawyers called solons?” A. They mre 8o called because Solon was a famous Athenlan law- giver. He became archon and im- proved the condition of debtors, di- vided the population Into four clasges, reorganized the boule, the popular as- semblage, and the council of Areopague. Q. What Is the value of a modern passenger train?—S. H. N. A. An express train of the kind of the limiteds between New York and Chicago represents an investment {n motive power and rolling stocks of approximately $250.000. The engine alone costs about $60,000. Q. What is the meaning of ent cordiale?—E. J. H. ¥ ants A. The term Is commonly applled to the reconciliation in 1904 between France and Great Britain after many years of enmity. In diplomatic par- lance the phrase signifies a cloes friendship between two or more nu tions, though without any formal al llance existing between them. Q. Where is the fnest opal in ths world?7—R. E. A. The crown jewels of Austria clude the flnest opal known. welghs seventeen ounces and is fi tnches long by two and one-half inches wide. Q. Which is correct—2 or 2 and 2 are 47—H. L. G. A. As an abstract statement, 2 end 2 is four. When concrete subjects are implied as 2 (men) and 2 (men), the verb will be plural. the Muscle shoals end 2 1s 4, Q. When was project begun? D. R A. The improvement of the Ten- nessea river at Muscle shoals was be gun May 1828, when Congress gave the atate of Alabama land enough to bring 3600,000. A canal was begun in 1831 and completed tn 1836, but wes not adequate nor serviceable. In 1871, the federal government took the proj ©ct in hand, surveyed and bullt a nal, which was finished In 189, which cost more than $3,000,000. Th is the canal which was closed to nas gation when the conetruction of Wil son dam wes started in 1915, Q. Why does the state of Naw Yor recognize a divorce obtained, say, Reno, when the grounds for divorce Nevada are so different from ! grounds in New York?—E. T. A. The Constitution of the United States Imposes certain obligati Lpon the states in their dealings each other, section 1, article 4, pro- viding that “Full faith and credi: shall be given in each state to the public acts, records and judicial pro- of every other state.” This clause has been held to mean that, in civil cases, when the courts of one state have given a judgment such judgment will be recognized and en forced by the courts of every other state without a new trfal. It also means that contracts legally entered into in o state are binding and en forceable in another. In the matter of this clause a state Is quired to recognize a divorce granted ¢ other state, even though it n been granted for reasons f the laws of the first sta ¢ allow a divorce. The only restriction which courts have upheld rpretation of this clauss ution i he state granting the divorce shall have juris- diction over the parties—that s, that the party should have a bona-fide residence within the state, and that proper notice of suit should be give: Thus New York must recognize Nevad divorces if It ie shown that the plain- tiff had a legal residence in Nevada and th defendant had been legally ootified of the sult (The person who loses out is tha one who guesses. The person who gets on is always the one who acts pon rellable _information. TMs paper employs Frederic J. Haakin to conduct an information bureaw for the public. There is no charge creept 2 cents in_stamps for ra- turn postage. Write to him today s any focts you desire. Tour én- quiry skould be addressed to Tha Star Diformation Burcau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, 1820 North Capitol street.) Pleads for Pedestrian. Writer l)vclu;r:‘;;vmc Officers Watch Only Autos, T, of The Ktar nsideration of the sericus oblems of traffic congestion The tar appears always to welgh and present fairly the claims both of pedestrians and vehlcles. As cerns those persons, however, who are responsible for regulating ths traffic, there Is one constant, unnec- essary and serlous danger to the pa- destrian that apparently recetves but Httle attention. That is the failure of traffic officers to glve pedestrians any adequate protection in crossing streets downtown intersection even in rush hours, at the m crowded cornere, If Senator Ball, who reported to have safd that pedestrians do_not recognize traffic officers’ signals hera as wel in other cities, were to stand at any downtown street cross- ing between 4:30 and 5:30 p.m.. whers the crowds are great, this Is the traf- fic picture that he could see on al- most any week day The “Stop-Go™ sign is changed b the officer as he watches the vehl ular traffic, seldom paying any a tention to the pedestrians, regardless of their number, their rights or needs. He does not wait until a rge group of walkers have crossed in safety, unless they managed to accomplish it without his help. Ho a warning whistls ag to_precede the changing of the “Stop-Go™ sign. thus gIving tho pedestrians a chance to hurry to safety ach walker is forced to take the serlous uncertainty of get- ting even part way across: ha must dodge around the vehicies, which ure usually allowed to intruds, illegally, across the crosswalks; he fearfully tches the “Stop-Go™ sign, knowling it may be switched instantaneous he tries to look backward and avold the machines golng parallel with him that are allowed to turn right against him and go on their way at right angles to their former cours the same danger may confront him ahead as well as from behind The pedestrian knows, from har- rowing experience, that the afficer will unexpectedly blow his whistle and at the same moment switch ths sign, with, in most instances, ab: lutely no regard for the pedestrians who may be crossing at that moment. To any one to whom this descrip- tion sounds exaggerated the invita- tion Is cordially extended to visit any busy crossing, particularly at the time mentioned above, and to ob- serve what serlous lack of considerx tion Is the fate of the pedestrian in Washington. When ‘will this needless and deplor- able situation be taken up and rem- edied by the traffic experts? 8. HODGES. ——eeee e con= st is a signal of international trade, if invistbls items are included, is not favorabla but adverse to this country. Again American prices are so high that Eu- ropean imports even of food are re- stricted. Markets are never flooded with high-priced goods in competi- tion with low-priced commodities, Finally, Great Britain 1s offering large 1oans to South America and to the colonies, discussing imperial pools for the control of raw materials and reducing purchases in foreign countries. Meanwhile, America's lavish dona- tions to relief organizations in every part of the world and American gifts and remittances to hosts of individ. uals are playing no small part in old- world rehabilitation. Japan, the near east, Austria, Poland, Russia and other countries have lately thanked America—for what? For the vast sums it has contributed in aid of their physical and moral reconstruge tion.—Chicago Dally News.

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