Evening Star Newspaper, September 29, 1923, Page 6

'THE EVENING. STAR, . With Sunday Morning Edition. . WASHING'I‘O'N, D. C «“?UEDAY. .September 20, 1923 * L THEODORE W. NOYES... P L P L T A T A T The Evening S§tar Newspaper Company Business OfMco, Hth St. and Penneylvania Ave. o ew Yol Offcc: 110 Eant d2ud St 1 Chicago Office: ‘Tower Ruilding. Biropean Office: 18 nt 8t., London, England.: The Evening Star, with the ‘Sundny’ morning ®dition, is-delivered by carriers withih the eity &t 60 cents per mouth: daily ouly, 45 cents per | month; Sunday enly, 20 cents per’month, Or- ders may-be sent by mail or telephone Main : Collection is made by carriers at the 840t each wonth. *Rate by Mail—Payable in-Advatice. " Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunda Daily . only. Sunday only. All Other States. : Drily and Sunday.1yr., $10.00; 1 “Daily only. 7, Sunday only Editor. Fmo.. 50c mo., 20¢ mo., $5c ST mo., 60c ST mo., 25¢ Member of the Assaciated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- pateties credited fo it or not otherwise eredited in this paper and also the local.news- pub- lished ‘herein. All “rights ‘of publication of 5 herein_are alko reserved. SRt T Night Schools. .- Public night schools of the District will open on October 1, and -certain changes from last year are announced as tending to higher efficiency in teaching and to greater economy -in administration. Popularity. of the | night school has grown as ‘recogni- tion of ‘the importance of schobling.as an aid fo success has spread among the masses, Increased attendance at night schools.testifies that great num- bers of young people are willing. to give {0 study many evening hours ! that might be"devoted to idleness or amusement.” An appropriation of | $75,000 is. available for the night | schools of the District.this year; and in the schedule of estimates for. the next fi yvear was fRe item-of $80,- 000. How. that item has: fared'in the Ainal” schedule is not known. .The hope s that the night schools. during the nétt fiscal year will get'the ap- propriation they nced. Night schools have grown in most other cities as well a3 in Washington. With the regular &chool term and va- cation schools It is evident that de- | mand is rising that public instruetion shall be carried on from the beginning to the end of the year, and attendance at night schools shows how ~eager many youths and lassies are to learn. on “in industrial work is .set down as oue of the features-in the night school courses in the Diétrict. In other tities greater emphasis is placed on technical training than on instrue- tion in academic studies, though op- portunity is provided for learning most things that should be taught in'school. In night schools elsewhere - there are the usual so-called = cultural { courses and nearly everything else, in= ¢luding dietetics, hygiene; sign paint- ing, office practice, radio-telegraphy, architecture and long lists of other subjects. In New York city, in con- nection with employers’ associations and. labor unions, special courses for | apprentices in the manual trades have been arranged in the : night schools. . —_——— The Sale of Car’ Tokens,- The Federation -of Citizens’ ‘Assocla- | #6ns presses upon #he Public Utilities Commission ‘its ‘View that the: street railway companies should. sell three tokens for 20 cents as well ‘as. six tokens for. 40. cents. The representa- | tive of the federation makes clear that | they do not ask that the companies shall not be allowed to seil ‘six’ tokens for 40 Cents. the federatiog emphasiz- : ing. this because the eommission, in | announcing;the dafe for a public hear- ing on this matter, set it down that; the proposal was ‘‘to-sell three tokens.| for 20.cents in lieu of the present rate of six tokens for 40 cents.” ‘The fed- | eration asks only that a passenger be allowed to buy three tokens for 20! cents if he chooses. i Many, persons do not find it .prdc- | ticable to invest’ 40 cents in_tokens, | and are.compelled to pay the cash fare.. ‘I ‘the convenience of the com- | panies’is the main thing to be’ con- sidered they: might adopt-the rule of iselling twelve tokens for 80 cents, on | Ytng ‘Meory that: this would save time | of coriduétors.and facilitate car 16ad« ing and car movement. It is suggested { on behaif ‘of the companies that if three tokenst@ould be bought for 20|, cents few passengers would buy six _tokenk at a time. Passengers. now | have the option of buying a.dollar's ! ‘worth of tokéns, but few d6°it.. The companies believe that the .present | six-for-forty rile. shortens the run- | Ting time of cars and. operates Yor the. ! public_good. On the other hand, many ,persons { paythe cash fare .of § cents who would buy three tokens for 20’ cents, nnd to that extent the loading of cars is "Held ‘back by conductdrs- making chapge- for cashi fares and by pas- seagers halting at the box te-drop.in ® nickel and three’ pennies,/ 3 e 4 Ayrkey is ready to become'a repiib- ., When-.the country' gels,as Afar Blonig 4s votes for women some of the old-time “harem. bosses may as. well prepare for retribution. ) As summer pdsdes the anxioty about ¥ { two=store, of lives. Loéndon. bobby permits nothing that is not in the book. On the other hand, it is hardly conceivable' that there are enough Britishers: who have spent time in thi: country and acquired the speed habit and .returned. home :to have set . a-faster. pace -and. have brokep down. the old custom. % - 1t there:is. anything more difficult than ‘to.change a British tradftioneor practice it is hard to find. Traffic rogulation™ i Litidon Has heretofore lgecnwex‘c’ell‘em, from the British point of view, a bit slgw from the Amerlgan’ point of view, to be sure, but effigient: Maybe: more Britishers .are riding in motors now tiian evey. before. Pérkaps certain cars of American make:have by their dheapness put them into thie way of gdsoline transport. The chances are that traffic has increaged and the traffic regulation has not kept pace. For .to repeat, it s -hard: to: change préétices over thére. 2 It might be: ‘well for the London county. Jcouncll to, send_ e delegation over to New -York to study the way the traffic is.managed there. For great as London is; the streets are not.as copgested as are most of the thorough- fares-in the biggest American city. In short, New. York.can give many valuable pointers to London. If it ‘is true, as the London news- papers aver, that.the “American idea” accounts for the troubles ifi the streets over there, -perhaps another American idea may help to abate them... i Y Bridge Breaks, Forty Dead. Less than an hour before the pas- senger train that was flung into a rain-swollen créek near Casper, Wyo., reached - the - bridge -spanning the stregm, & track-walker had’ Inspected the- structure and reported it as safe. The’storms had filled the banks of the creek and a torrent was rushing .be- neath the -tracks. - When the train struck the bridge it gave way, weak- ened beyond the point of endurance. Whether it was in_dangerous condi- tion. when the:track-walker inspected it will probabiy never be Knowa. Per- haps it was. The. accidert occurred after 9 o'clock at night. The inspec- tion‘was made after dark. It may be questioned whether there was any chance of. positive assurance of safety in such circumstances., At any rate, the train went through the bridge, and it was estimated forty lives were lost, Al through this country are such conditions daily menacing the lives of those who travel by rail. Here was a brigge across a creck that was known to be subject to.freshets. It had stood for-a-long while, byt, as the accidént tells ‘tragically; it’ was unsafe. The known factor .af danger ‘was discount= ed. No part of a railroad is safe-un- less it is secure béyond the factor of possible risk. The railroads of this country have been for-a number of years in straits for funds, and improvements urgéntly needed for the maintenance of a high standafd of security have - been checked. Some of the mure affluent of the corporations have gone ahead re- cently. in track straightening, track doubling, bridge rebuilding and other fmprovement workd; but an immense amount of reconstruction remains to be.done. ‘Dgubtless ‘this Tole Creek bridge on the Chicago, Birlington and Quincy- {ine_was on the Mst for even- tual- replacement., It trusted too long: ¥ 7. i T ) American railroading is much more sate than it was a few decades ago. Trgcks, have been.doiibled’ over. an eriotfous miléage, and ‘all features of epuipment ‘have been: improved. Still the“accidents' continue as traffic grows, as trains multiply, as schedules are crowded and 8s equipment wears out. But nothing can excuse the continued use of tracks that are under-any.de- gree of’ susplejon. ‘It the Cole Créek bridge in Wyoming was i doubt in the least degree it. should have béen abandoned et the first question. Far hetter - completely. ‘to. ‘interrupt’ the traffic for a time long enough to make the necessary tepairs'to pit the struc ture beyond: doubt than o saerifice ———————— * It was only,t6.be expected,thaf par- ticipatits .fn the Oklahoma ‘mix-up would sooner or_later be called on to y “Good morning, judgs!” Thé war is.over, but food prices are slow in takitig’a hint from the repeat- ed assurances;to that effect., Rural- Mail Routes.: The statement was made the.other day. that,there are six rural mail routes in the District of Célumbia and that these are 167 miles 1éng." The tact -was found in.a compilation ‘of. rural freq delivery statistics issyed by the Postaster General. - Brought 'to the attentlér of “the.city postmaster h #aid, “Yés, that is s0.” - It is news to thonsands of people in the District Most *citigens: of ‘the _capital believed that the rural.free delivéry.rolite had pagsed away in the District' because. of‘'the disappearance. of truly rural thié maln lanes of traffic know ' that'in parts of the-District ‘thére are still a few bits’ of country pierced by old- fashioned roads bordered “hére . dnd fhere. by a_ rail fence ‘and flanked by cernflelds,. cabbage patches, clumps of ‘pipes and & CleaFing where blackber- ried grow. " But, there are not .many ® watér supply &ubdidps suffitiently to Jpermit attentive considerathon’ to “th “milic supply. 3 London Traffie Acsidenfs., ' ‘f?&.{g;t, accidents are increasing 4n’ ‘.3 gh' at.a, rate. that caused ‘grave alarm. Duting- April,' May and June there’ were 18,199 such m:&; , in- clilging 171 deaths, the, largéat)num- | bergig any similan period‘in the city's -history."Now the Lendoh rié¥s; } ‘greatly disfréssed. by the Mcredse of _teaffic casualties;ire blaming Ameri-. cans for the -condition, . They charge “{Hat the” ihtreass in traffic adeldents w the Lendoh néWspapers, |_ ot ‘our _people Who haye this intdtma tion. "There i6 @ gehetal bellef that all) the itural>apres .of. the anplent evéry home'in the Disirict: has a Jet ter :box:pr-a mail siot in: the door and’ that a uniformed postman calls® or. passes geverak timesia day.; It wad Tiot 163¢ 8£0 that thers were - number of counieY, Or 2ourthcmeb, bost afficéd 1o The District! They'were tound” at crossroads and in' hamiets and’ yitiages. - Ore by One the-village 1 ‘dué to the’ever-inereasing hurry, the -result, in turn, “of ‘the furth JBpfread o “the Aliéricafi'ides.”." " " 1f will be fnteresting +&0 khdw thi basjg- for. this -hypothests. - How- hi London been -infected with ‘ithe Amer- Jexnidea’ of hurry? Americans who, there cannot- hufry veéry well un- ic Londpn' pables hurry them. “<practically impessible for_ an, n- ihétariat who. takes his own “ekr- ovetor, birys on 1 has M post° ofices); bacaste * brandlies, of. the ‘cjty Hotofes BN thg crossroad and et postmadters pasked dway, as the rural-free- delivery sarrier came titd €Hel pidiivel . Rura) letter boxes wet'q.set Up.afong the roads wnd lanes, lnd‘uux}“\gl-fll\?hl‘. in his’ bigey, or lightt8p walgon*afawn by a'drowsy [ But veliabi§ hordé, jwent his rounds: - | Fuck’ fars “Bars’ where ‘becanie, subdivi- | wheat And Torn . grex ward - the city and the city grew toward the villages untll &"atord of pleasant little towns, which we cdlled “subufbs,” lost ‘identity or separate- Dess. -Busy-streets went straight trom the center-df the ity to:the Dist line. " Woodland or ‘ithe woods” pa ed’away, and'it became hard to-find wild berry or & chinquapin in the Distriet. ‘Wiid flowers be¢ame scardé. Yet there are still left to ud -Béme ! _ XVI—Rimania and ‘Jugoslavia L ‘Rumsnia his a king and queen. But | bits of country very much changed |théy-don't count. The family to reck-| and much more thickly settled than onck upon ‘a time. This country s [to be found in the far east of the District -beyond . the. Eastern branch jand in the. fdr west of the District {alohg and: bétween the'Canal road, { Conduit road, River road, Ridge road, Little Falls road end Murdock M}l road.. The days are not: many when ‘we shall have to go beyond the DIs- trict to get a glimpse of couhtry ana find a rural letter earrler; - - ——e e Buildings for the Government. That the government is in need .6f ‘new: Buildings and: i -paying a large sum for. rental of private structures | will be pressed upon the attention ‘of the. next Congress.. An omnibus bill aiming; to meet the building needs of the government at Washington and other ‘places will be. introduced and there are indications that such a measure may be enacted, Representa- tive ‘Langley -of Kentucky, chairman of the House committee on public bujldings, and Representative Clark of Florida, rapking democrat on that committee, have conferred with Presi- dent Coolidge and express themselves as encouraged. There is a strong #éntiment among ‘the older members of Congress favorable to the proposed legislation, ard to give new members of the incoming Congress_ information on this matter a letter has been sent them stating that the fedeéral govern- ment is spending $23,000,000 a year in rent, that there has been practically no construction of public “buildings within several years and that in many places, including the Capital, govern- ‘ment business is being- carried on in structures inadequate in.size and plan and in some cases insanitary. The proposed general bulldings measure would provide at Washington @ national archives building and structures for the departments of State and Justice and for the general accounting office and internal revenue bureau of the Treasury. It is said that the temper of Congress Is against the enactment of bills for buildings in single cases and the reason for this is that thé need of government buildings is felt In many cities, *~ The need for govérnment buildings at Washington is under- stood end admitted and has been presented by various government agencles with vigor and clearness, but the recommendations have had hard sledding in Congress. If the building needs of many eongressional -districts are looked to by a general bill it is possible’ that it will pass. —_———— Judge Gary took several prizes for vegetables at & ‘county fair. The farmer ‘might find himself_ in better luck had the judge devoted his con- structive talents to agriculture instead of steel.» —_—————— 3 Superstition - ignores. the fact that opening ancient tombs in ancient lands more or'less unhgalthy. —————————— President Ebert, once a harness maker, cannot apply his early skill to prevent his: public- from Kicking over the traces. i & Poincare cannot fail to admire the promptness with which Mussolini col- lects his bills. “SHOOTING STARS, BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. - “Over the Rhine.” Where the.soda fountain &izziéd, A man whose mood was blue Had paused to sIp the bubbles. “That the'aproned waiter drew. j “For days gone by I'm jonging"— He-sald it with a frown— “When thé only.‘Rhine’ We mentioned Was in Cincinnati town. *'The stream was slow and placid; In fact, a mere canal. But I cannot now forget.it And perhaps I never shall. Ot its barks, to music stépping, «Hugried €olumbine and-Clown. That was a ‘Rhine’ worth having, In Cincionati town. “We never dreamed that sorrow - “That name would soon. enfold, As the mystic strains were fleeting And ‘the lights were fairy gold. I wish that they'd had in Burope A ‘Rhine’ to claim.renown Like the one so gently flowing In Cincinnati town.” ¢ The Way of Fate. |- “Even ‘when’a man; gets. elected to office. be's -Hable to ¢omplain ‘of ‘nie ot ‘It's'a’ way.fate has,” sald Senator Sotghium. ‘“When a man-gets what he ‘wanta. it's liable t6 be Handed to him with trimmings ‘that will _make him Wish he‘ hadn't wanted Tt Jud Tunkins says’ patent medicine ads’ ars so attractive that it ‘makes a man who has-his health Yesl like ho Wwas missing eomething. Economical ‘Production. A farmer viewed his garden patch And said, “What bliss' we'd view 1f air) *"Ap moths and besties [aar’’.. sgue "Ry %L ?. " Shades of Mesmisig. - ++“When; p. man r.lfu::?v‘ take you say He'tacks visio eves \ - -“Pepple of all races,” obderved Miss Cayenne, “are. consthtensly Bohest in thelr proverbs.”. * - . “‘Mebbe Solomon was 'de. wibest mian,” ‘said Uncle Eben, gékah ‘Whs smart enough to. bes’ care of his health.” > is an ofcupation by Its very dature | | | | | anes could Hy eygy and hatch: on with.there.is.not. the royal family, but the family of Bratfano. Jon ‘Bratiano is prime minister. His father was prime minister for a gen- eration before ‘Jon. ' The brother of Jon ‘i¢ Vintila Bratlano, minister of finance. The third brother is the gov- ernment leader in 'the mational a sembly. . For thirty years the name of Bratiano hds been the first name in Rumania. ¢ : The father was leader of the liberal party, and he made it liberal. The son Jon took over ‘the liberal party, and he'lras made 1t conservative. But Jon' has twé weaknesses—he is get- ting old and he is lazy. So, more and more, Jon is relying on his beother Vintila, minister of finance, for' his guidance. Todey Vintila Bratlano s the real power in Rumania. A man of ordi- nary ability, but with strong physical vitality, he has risen to ppwer. un- like his brother, by bis tfemendous capacity for hard work, T met. him at the office of the minisiry at 8 o'clock in.the morning. * ok kX “Yes, we have a very difficult prob- lem. But we will work it out if W are given a chance,” declared the finance minister, speaking in French. These last six words were sald with a smile, evidently recalling the wild scenes in the national assembly which I.witnessed the preceding day, when a general free-for-all fist- fight oc- curred between the members of his party (liberal) and those of the pe ant party, “Our big task fs to hold Rumania together long enough to make gov- ernment expenditures and recelpts balance, and exports at least equal imports. - 8o far we have not sic- ceeded, Until that time we are golng to have trouble, even worse than we have had so fa he declared. Rumania was first a Roman colony. Then Turkey captured it and held it for. 400 years. After the Russo-Turk- ish war in 1877 she announced her independence. She lost Bessarabia at the same time to Russia. But it was glven back to her atter the last war. She was also given Transylvania from Hungary; also some parts of Austri: Her population increased from 9,- 200,000 before to 17,800,000 after the war. Her area was increaged from 63,000 square miles—tbout ‘the sige ot Arkansas—to 122,000 squars mile thus adding an additional territory equal to that of Missouri, Today Rumania is & véry fertile peasant country, rich in lands, for- ests, ofl and salt. Eighty per cent of her people are peasants, and only one in four can read and write. L Now, why isn't Rumama. progress- ing? - First, the- liberal party has never had the confiderice of the pens- ants, who charge the government with gross mismanagement and cor- ruption in high places. Unfortu- nately, this seems to be true. Ru- mania Is steeped in corruption and graft. Then the policy of the preseént gov- ernment. in putting on.very heavy export dutfes on all grain and live stock leaving Rumania is decreas- ing the export trade and agricultural production,. instead of bringlng in Tevenue. Mr. Mihalache, the popular leader of the peasant party, told me that BY JOMN ¥ SINCLAIR Together b; ihade up by fresh borrowings or by holding up payments. % ‘We may conclude, therefore, that Rumania ls not holding her ow She is not paying her way. Finan clally speaking, she is building on quicksand.. She, too, must cut down: her army ‘and navy and her tariff and join. the rest of the European nations in demanding the restora- tion ‘of the wrecked machine of in- ternational trade. L * K x * 1 flew trom Bucharest, Rumania, to " Belgrade, ' Jugoslavia, In three hours. Jt's a French air line, linking France to the Balkan states. Just another link in the French chain: [Just as Rumania has her Brati- ano, so Jugoslavia has her Pashitch. For forty years this sgventy-nine- year-0ld prime minister has domi- nated all the country ruled at Bel- grade. His word was law in Bel- grade betore Mussolini was born. And he still rulgs. It’s an interesting country. Ruled by Turkey for 500 years, old Serbla became free by the treaty of Berlin, in 1878. Since then she has been s0 busy. fighting she has had little time for anything else. After the last war, Croatia and Slovania joined Serbla and formed the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes— popularly called Jugoslavia (south- ern Slavs). This was effected in De- cember, 1918, Since then the old kingdom of Montenegro has also been joined to Jugoslavia, under a ) decigion of the council of ambassa- dors given fn July, 1922, Today Jugoslavia has a mixed pop- ulation of 12,000,000 people, mostly peasants, living in a territory about the: sise of Minnesota. About 65 per ocent of the people are Serbians, 18 per cent Croatians, § per cent Slovanians and the rest mixed. Her social prob- lem . is a serious one. Croatians, un- der the leadership of Mr. Raditoh, have refused to acknowledge _the kingdom, insisting on a re%nhllc. Now Croatia is to Jugdslavia what Ireland Is to England. This makes the goy- ernment much weaker than it would be otherwise. * ¥ % : Thelr néighbor—Hungary—is looked upon with suspicion. Also Italy, who does ndt want Jugoslavia to have any port on the Adriatic. (All the fass between Italy and Jugoslavia is on this guestion.) A ‘large army, with compulsory military service, is maintained. It is larger than the entire Army of the United States. About 20 per cent of her total military. Officers in their gay, bril- llant uniforms are to be seén every- where. Many French officers are also there. The Balkans, when I was there in July, were seething with military activity. Jugoslavia is no exception. Before the great war little Serb! w not spending more than her r lceipts—nor was she importing quite so much as she exported. She was jemng along, although her public ebt charges kept piling up. She did, though, keep her money at the gold point. During the war she did_exactly as the rest—inflated her o2urrency, in- creased her debts, increased Her. im- ports and decreased her_exports. For her, all bad things to do. Since the war she has been trying hard to come back. a for 8 In 1919 her exports only pi per cent of her imports: in 1930 her exports were better—paié 38 per cent of her imports. In 1921 exports paid 50 per cent of imports.. The 1928 fig- ures are not yet available. * * X R Jugoslavia exports grain, cattle, timber and prunes, and imports fa- chinery, manufactured articles and chemicals. She also has valuable coal, iron, lead and copper mines. As expenditures are ‘for the|ST this government agricultural policy |8 country of small peasant holdings, was drying up agricultural, produc- [she should be able to support her- tion. The acreage in wheat, rye and barley Is less thia year than in 1922, "This means less produc- tion, less exports to buy with, .It means slowing down pri duction. It means less national in- come per individugl. Mr. Miha- lache, Dr. Lupin and the other peas ant leaders are demanding the with- arawal of all export duties so as.to enable the farmers to receive the world prices for articlés of export. In the meantime both the volume of imports and exports {s growing less instead of more. It Is getting harder to pay for imports in 1922, for they were tbree times as large as exports. * 8 % The money situation also is bad. The circulation has incredsed thirty- five fold since 1913. - The gold re- serve now is about 3 per cent, as against 46 per cent in 1814. Before the war an American dollar would buy five lei—today 200 lei. Prices have Increased thirty fold. Poper wages have Increased .twenty fold. Real wages are two-thirds of 1914 wages. The government re- ceipts from taxes since the war a 60 per cent of government expend tures. The balance—40 per cent—i self. Her financial situation is bad, but better than some. Since the end of 1920 she has about doubled her volume of paper money. It costs now $367 to buy what $100 Iwould in 1920. 'Prices have risen more than three and a half times. Govern- ment receipts from taxation and ex- penditures have not been balanced so far. In 1922 receipts were equal to about 75 per cent of the government expenditures—without including in- terest on the external debt, the prin- 1622, | cipal of which now amounts to $265, 1000,000. In a_word, while' Jugoslavia can't balance, and is pledging state reve- nues and state monopolies to private international bankers for one and two generations ahead, she still puts 20 per cent of her revenue into the military and another 20 per cent into interest charge! Minister of Finance Stoyadinoviteh, with whom I discussed this matter, knows it cannot go on indefinitely. Jugoslavia, too, must soon take her stand when civilization calls the roll for peace and reconstruction, or war and destruction. She cannot have bot! 3 (Copyright, 1823, .in United States and Great Britain by .North American Newspaper Alliance. All rights reserved.) . WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC Visitors to the White House observe one notable departure under the néew regime. It concerns the disinclina- tion of Mrs. Coolidge to interest her- selt in polities. 'Mrs, Harding often| was desoribéd as “a born-politician”. and made no secret Bf-her:predilec: tlons. The new first lady of the land 18 said, throughout her husband's pub- lic career, to have abstained con- splcuouely ‘from parti¢ipation in his politics. Mr. Coolidge is- on _record &8 approving cordially of his wife's preference . for.. the purely domestic virtues: Nobody knows whether Mrs. Cooliage will ‘break with the prece- dents set by Mrs. Wilson and Mrs. Harding, who inyariably:accompanied their husbands on political tours, But it she stays at hame and lets “Cal d to the politfcs, it will be along pretty consistently adhered to in the past. ¥ * Kk ok This seems to be. hour of the dirt farmer. The Américan.Bankers' Assoclation at Atlantic City has just elected, & member;of that clan, Walter Willlam- Head of Omahs, ¥ dgnt, and hajls him a& a full§edged: granger: Mr; Head -"'e“m‘"" :‘F T, Head has béen & school ‘prntl; resent oecupation’'is'that’ of ent of the Omaha National eithef for ‘farmers{, ‘eriticism - kjlled Hapding.”- the Ro- tary Club of Kalemazoo, Mich., calls apon the tountry to sbft-pedal snap Judgment of the-President.. This is .| & resolution the ¢lud recently passed: 'i"We hersby pledge qurselves that, despite differences in political views d on policies of national and inter- : fcoast LAlthough " ite; presi- | WILLIAM WILE due of the incumbent of the presi- dency; that we shall refrain from in- vective toward the Executive and give voice to criticlsm only that is kindly, tolerant, respectful and helpfui} that we_shall e-this a rule of our conduct, both as individuals and as Rotarians, and to. le B-movement -to_rey speot for the Dri noy, in lar, _for qur_national, state; civil leaders fn general.” S % g Typographical . errors, like truth, are often stranger than fiction. His favorité newspaper in Bacramento, referrifng to the’ recent arrival of Senator Hirgm W. Johnson In that observed: © “The L eyéning was then intro-: c . Carrying out the met: pHor “thrust upon him, Johnson is now inj the midst of a whirlwind campajgn - up and down the gold he 1s silent with re- gard<tp ‘his presidential intentions, ‘Washington politicians are persuaded that -Hiram is_In-fact. “running’ for Presjdent” and’ |s intent upon cap- the Califorhia delegation. To, icon _that mniea i n¥ R o 4 ‘Snipping Guestions- find President feu- and ledg > .ssues.” But S |Coolidge prepared to tackle them with & good deal of personal knowl- C. Planimér ‘of Maine,'who represents the New England region on the United States Shipping Board; says that the sllent man from Mkas, chusette ds well grounded in° the rudiments of thé merchant marine’ situation.” When the board conferred with _Mr. Coolidge at the Whité House s few: nights ago he rather {saioners by niy famillarity with important angies o their problem. One of the prlnfilr hopes seafarinf’’ New England’iping upon the first of her sons to President for a century {s thdt he affectively _ with * the distinguished. 'With Dpsychoanalytis’ literature; At°0ld b the-beginnisgs of’Actidn are tha. twp sftustions of the unBappy ;| marriage :and unhappy relations, be- tween parents and children. Of the two the unhappy marriage has’ al- Ways, begn-fap more popular, but in- harmonious parents and children date back «many. centuriés-in ‘fiction and are dedidedly on the licrease tofay.” In:the anonymous twelfth . century romance, “Aucassin and -Nicolette,” one of the earliest Of prose romances, the tyran- 'nidal father; Count Garin, makés Hfm- self a great nuisance to- the two young lovers, though he affects their ultimate - happiness 'not at’ all. > Six centuries latef Fielding arouses ‘our sympathy for the sweet Sophia West- ern.becanse -her- father, the violent, much+drinking Squire Western, shuts her up -in_her room until she"shail ive up the idea of marrying Tom ones;. -1~ , ot . * kR K . In ‘modern fiction the parent-chil- tdrén . situation has changed- with. the times. . Physical - tyranny ‘has giyen plaée to psychological tyranny, and oftén’ there is no tyranny at all—just antagonistic, insuperable incompati- bility. :Parents hold" the old idea that their- children ‘owe them obediénce, respect,. devotion, Whether or -mot ‘these are deserved; children subscribe to the pewer theory: that,they. owe nothing to’thelr parents for existence and on the contrary often feel exist- erice on.thelr pareits’ terms a griev- ante, *'Samuel . Butler began - the novels_‘embodying this mental atti- tude in “The Way of.All Flesh,” pub- lished in 1903, a year after his death. In this book Theobald Pontifex, rec- tor at Battersby-on-the-Hill, and his wife Christina, by thelr lives given overto conventional religious “observ- &nces and their- strict family dis- cipliné, succeed in inspiring in their children, 'particularly in - their . son Ernest, only feelings of disgust’ and dislike amounting - practically to hatred. So, partly to avoid repeti- tion of this family hostility and partly for other reasons; Ernest:later places his-own two childrén with fos- er parents of humble station and has them brought up.to a simple physical lite, free- from thought complexities. e * K Kok i % George Bernard Shaw, in his essay on -“Parents and Children,” ‘which serves &s & préface to his play “Mis- alliance,” exprei his ideas on the ‘relation ‘of modern parents and chil- drén—the same ideéas which underlie the situations referred to in-present- day fiction. He 'says: “Children and parents confront one another -as two classes in which all the political power is on one side. ® * Every child has a right to ‘its own bent. 4..% *. It has & right to;dislike its mother or father or sisteror brother uncle or aunt, it they are anti- pathetic to it. It has a right to find its own way and g0 its own way, Wwhether that way seems wise or fool- sh to others, exactly as an adult has. It has a right to privacy as to its own doings and its own affairs as much t it were its own father. ® & & The old observation that members of large families get on in the world holds good because in large families 1t is impossible for. each child to recelve what schoolmasters call ‘individual attention.’ S The family ideal is a humbug and a nuisance. "¢ ¢ ¢ If you compel dn adult and a child to live in.ene an- other's company, either the adalt-or the child will be miserabie.” * ok * % Some other modernists in.-fiction who share these unorthodox views of family life are Hugh Walpole, J. D. Beresford and Gilbert Cannan. It may or may not be significant of per- sonal attitudes, but all fbree, 8s ‘did Samuel Butler, select olergymen for | their examples of undesirable fathers. T “The Captives,” by High Waipole, [the Rev. Charles Cardidal, rector. of St. Dreot’s in South Glebshire, fs espe- cially undesirable from . ihe. stand-| point of his daughter Maggle, 'Who at his death finds that he has left-all his perty to Ellen, the cook, been_his mistress for some y past. In “These Lynnekers,” by J. D. Beresford, Mr. LynnekKer, rec- tor of Hatton, is estimable and well meaning, but conventional, reserved and irritable. Mrs. Lynneke# i3 an {neftective worrier. "The .whole ‘at- | mosphere is_strained ‘and unfriendly and Dick Lynneker rebels. against taking orders, and perhaps. becoming small pro, who has that could befali him.. When Mr. and Mrs. Lynneker die, thejr children view their deathbeds with "only. such ' pity as one would feel for any. suffering, dying human being. _Gilbert Cannan, in his recent novel, “Round the Cor- ner,” presents still -another clergy- mian, the husband of & fatuous, whin- ing wife and the father of seven or eight children, none of whom amounts to anything. In_this case the family dlscontent is ‘lens one-sided, as neither parents nor children much satisfaction in family Iife. They Jog along rather better, however, th: the families in the other novels men- tioned. * x ok % Outlines of knowledge, _initiated by H. G. Wells in ‘his "Outline ot His- tory” and by the “Outline of Science,” are becoming one of the literary signs of the times. “Now John Drink- water has for the moment turned aside from the drama and has pub- lished Volume I of “The Outline of Literature,” which is to run to three volumes. Like “The Outline of Sci- €fice,” “The Outline of Literature’” is hardly for scholars; it is doubtful jf it will even make much appeal 'to the wide and habitual reader. necessarily and intentionally ele- mentary and general. It may be very useful ‘in instructing young people and others whose knowledge of litera- ture is slight or as a meaus of quick review for those whose knowledge is This firat volume has: only which are divided tnto nine. “The t oL .the mer,” “The Story of the ‘The English Bible as Litera- “The Bacred -Books of th 6 _and Rome,” ‘“The Middle Ages,” “The Renalshance’”. There are #bout 800 fllustrations. John Drink- water 18 the editor and has written guch of the book himselt. LR Ratael Babatini, who deseryes’ the gratitude of a pubdli¢ mMuch persecuted fot providing it ‘at frequent intervals th a wholesome, old-fashioned ory of adventurs, has published an- gther romance of «his' usual type, oalled “Fortunc's Fool.” It is a tale E !t l.o:aon dllxrlns 'h-f-hm'n'.’ of Gharies and the plague. e he; of a regicide and himself & '%‘:;-,;‘:.‘,’: 1dier under Cromv:l). falu D ortune’s fool” becadss fate's bmiy to e against him in nder; 3 D T hin IS Ron s g luck, of course the story ends well, ng equally of courdo there is much ipunx much lovemaking. * koo ] #“No keener observer. .of HKurppean irs or saner guide through the tengled skein of Buropean politice is ‘¥nhown to the Booklover than Her- rt Adams Gibbons, author of “The Map of Burope, and other The announcement that 3 ince ore, & welcome one, since it promises: Eor atithoritative statemont ofl," the |tremendous and tragic reconstr: iperiod of Europe up‘to date. # A Note to Autoists. ¥rom the Minneapolls Joural. “It is almost hopeless for the auto- ists to try to destroy all the locomo- ves at the railroad crossings. . The ug. out: yetion like his father, as the worat fate. ‘Greek Myth' dnd ’the Poets,”’] intrigue. 4 matic‘perséeution of the representa- Q. How:mény people go fo the top of . the Washington Monument each year?iE, R. - #4543 A. In the fiscal year 1923 the num- ber of visitors was 296,806, In 1922 the number was 252,285. Q. What title did Edward VII use when he visited the United States whfleflhe was Princé of Wales?— A. He used the same name, Baron | Renfrew, that the present Prince of Wales is using in Canada. uQ‘ yhlt fl"lb! !Ghe cost of occupa- lon «charge y lermany to F in 1811w, 1. s A. The total cost of occupation ghaged was approximately’ §65.147.- SR | Q. How 'is skywriting déne ana| how much emoke Is required?—D. McC. A A. The letfers have to be written backward. About 80,000 cubic feet | of smoke ‘is used in' a second, the diaméter .of the ‘stream being about fifty feet. 5 \ Q. What is.a bliszara?’—S. Ww. | A. The term blizzard does not ap- ply unless winds are accompanied by | fiie cutting ice particles. The wind | in & bliszard usually attains a veloc- | ity .of ‘forty .or fifty miles an hour | and the temperature is sometimes | twenty to thirty degrees below zero. | Q. What is meant by the Socratic method of reasoning?—E. V. K. A, This term applies to the method in argumentation of asking ques-| tions by aenswering which the ad- versary unconsciously makes fatal admissions. It is so called because it wap much resorted to by Socrates. Q. What is the origin of kissing? A M H A. According to Pliny it was the opinioh of Cato that kissing first| began between kinsmen and kins- women, in order -that the former | | Aiber, suitable for base ball bats | Ohjo, United State¥ and Canada -Of-these lapproximately 36,000, are in the United Sfates. 7~ . . Q. Does an open fireplace lower the temperature of @ room. if not in use? —AF. Po ¢ A. When ‘unused it does lower the témpérature to some degree. Q. Do Eskimos have fanguage?—T. W. A. Eskimos are scattered through Greenland, Canada, Alaskp and Si- berfa to the number of about a common | all “of whom - spesk the same | Janguage, using the same stem wor and affixes. The chlef characterist of the language is that single words of complex structure are used to ex- press ‘ideas that in English would be conveyed by a whole sentence. Q. What kind of wood 1s majagua? LR ; A. This is hardwood-with a tough B is imported from the West Indis particularly Cuba, for this purpose. Q. How much_ sweeter than-sugar is saccharine?—K. B. A. It is 200 times as sweet s cane sfigar. Tt-s a coal tar derivative. ac- c(dogé:{!ly diseovered by Dr.-Fahlberg in 1887. Q. How many automatie telephone exchanges are thers in the United States?—T. H. B. A It is estimated that there a now about 175 automatic central of- fices In this country. . Q. In how many states may women serve on juries?’—D. L. A. The Woman Citizen states that women may be jurymen in Arkansas, California, Delaware, Idahe, Indiana. Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Loulsiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, ‘New Jersey, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah Vermont, Washington and Wyoming ‘Q. Is there such a word as actress 29 applied to a female stage player” C. M. might know whether their wives or | -— daughters had tasted wine. Q. By whom was Washington r'nll-] ed the “city of conversation”?—N. N. | A, Henry James in_ one of his studies of modern American life re- | ferred to the city by that name. | Q. What Is the origin of the word | “fan,” a8 used in the sense “base | ball fan,” “movie fan,” etc.”—L. A. R. | . This word is belleved by some | authorities to be an abbreviation for | “fanatic”; namely, a ‘fanatical ad- | mirer” of a particular sport. i Q. What was the first pay of con- | Eesaa in the United States?— N. M. A. The first Congress appropriated | a sum of money to compensate rep- | resentatives in Congress at the rate of a day and $8 for every twenty miles traveled in going to and from | their duties. Q. What was the origin of the term “porcelain” as applied to china- | ware?—A. B. | A. The French word “porcelaine” | was an adaptation of an Italian word) “porceilana.” meaning a cowrie shell. | Its beautiful polished surface sug- | gested the name for the ceramic- | ware of France. Q. _How many hotels are_there in the United States?—R. D. W. A. The American Travel and Hotel | Diregtory ‘says that there are 43,591 | hotels of recognized standing in the A. The term is obeolete. The word actoris used for both sexes. Q. Where {8 the Canadian war fmemorial to be?—D. L. T. A. Ohe of the principal memortals of Canada is to be at Vimy ridge. which, together with 250 acres of land_about it, has been surrendered to Canada. No taxes will ever be charged by France. Canada will un- dertake to beautify the shell-torn area. Is Sir Robert Scott's Discovery stiil afloat?—V. E. B A. The Falkland Islands- govern- ment has just purchased the Discov- ery and will use her for research work in South Georgian seas. At present the ship is being recondition- ed in Portsmouth. Q. Can you suggest something that will remove road ofl from automo- biles>—C. R. A. This oil may be removed by the use of kerosene. Wash the car before applying the kerosene. Q. Who-ds: the Knightly Rider of the Knee In “Rhymes of Childhood,” by Riley?—T. C. A. ‘This happy title belonged to the poet's nephew, Edmund H. Eitel (If you have a question you want answered. send it to The Star Infor- mation’ Bureau, 1220 North Capitol street. Inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage.) Curzon’s Play for Turkish Friendship Is Bearing Fruit in Anti-Soviet Stand servicd than -was appreciatéd at the tiime, ‘yrhen, by reans of the treaty of Lausanne, which so many have wrongly deseribed as a humiliating surrender to the Angora’goveriiment, he ‘averted a war between Great Britaln and Turkey—a war in which | both of these former allles stood on the very brink. The Turks were virtuallys called upoh 1o determine whether they would continue to accept the pro- nounced advances of the soviet juntas are ‘at. prefént languishing in the prisons of. Angora, of Constantinople and of Trébtzond, and now the Turk Bovernment has insolently noti- fled us of It8 enactment of a decree forbidding: the entrance into the Bas- porus of @Ay vessels flying the soviet flag.”. Moscow describes this 28” merely another of the carefully planned. series of aggressive acts @i- rected agaipst soviet Russia by the sublime porte and deciares that she refuses 1o tolerate any action that constitutes an insult to the prestige of the bolsheviki republic. This policy of Turkey in thus throwing heér lot definitely in with western cfvilization is of particular importance just at the present mo- ment, when €oviet Russia, instead of at Moscow and join the boisheviki in | the latter’s more or less open war- | fare upon western ecivilization or throw in their lot with the latter. | The Turks, in control of the Darda-! nelles, of ‘Asta Minor ‘and. of “the! headwaters of the Tigris and of the| Euphrates, would always have been a source of trouble to Great Britain | and to her administration of thel Holy Land, a trouble which would have become a permanent peril if they were definitely allied with_the bolsheviki, while the fact that Tur- key was an enemy of England would always have been resented by the near, hundred million Moslems in King George's vast Indian empire. * % kX By means of some concessions, cal- | culated to satisfy the national pride and the national aspirations of the Turks, and by according to them the! treatment of a civilized power—of a| European power—instead of that of | a semi-barbarous Asiatic stater, Eng- land, thanks to Lord Curzon's policy, managed to restore her old-time friendship with the subHme port, that friendship which caused Great| Britain, with France and Italy, to embark in the Crimean war of :1855 the defense of the Ottoman em- e againat Russia and which also 04 these Bayie powers to call a halt | to Russia, when, in 1877, her victo- | rlous army had penetrated to the| very outer walls of Constantinople. Emperor Willlam bent all hix ef- forts. to destroy this friendship and Yrougnt Turkey ‘into the great war. by means of political and economic with mamre‘-ul;l that she d herself array n the struggle ot her old-time ailies and for- mer protectors of her national inde- pendence. She was accorded, by the Feviston of the treaty of Sevres and, by the bitterly criticized congress of Lausanne, an_ opportunity of repair- ing her mistake. Kemel Pasha, Ismet Pasha and ex-Premier Reouf Pasha, the Turkish naval hero of théBalkan wars-of 1913, were cléver enough to take advantage of the occasion and to persuade their fellow countrymen to follow their lead, encouraged .by the patience and the diplomacy of Lord Quro - who, with his seven years' viceroyalty ‘ot India to his record.and his extensive travel and studies of Asia, possesses a knowl-| edze and experience of oriental con- Qitions and, above all, of the oriental| ind; that. is altogether unique among | he-statesmen-of the western world. RIS Lok kE Today civilization may be described as garnering the fruits of this fore- sigbted. policy. = For Turkey has jaentified herselt with western Eu- rope and the :United States against bolshévism and its horrors. ‘Accord- ing to the leading officlal organs of the Moscow government “the good | relations between natlonalist Turkey and Russia of the soviets are becom- ing a thing of the past. Turkey has already evidéntly forgotten all that ussia hd§ ‘done for her afid is adopt- “.in —her relations - With. us the ostile tone such as we have hitherto been , accustomed: to ‘encounter - only at the hands of our open enemiés, the powers of the entente.. The syste- tives of oMcial Turkey against sub- jécts of the peasant and workers' government of Russla persists in spite of our protests, which have rather sérved to Intensify the mal- i = féllow Sounirymen. . , hun whon| {in the cotrse of his diatribes a restricting her activities to the for- mer empire. gf the czar, has shown her resolve to obtain a foothold in western Eurvpe by fomenting, finano- ng and engineering a communist— that is to sa$. a bolshevist—revol o in Bulgaria, where civil war is D progress where all the communists {n s are armed with Russian rifles and small furnished with Muscovite ammuni- tion, machine guns and war supplice. 11t is a matter of vital importance all eivilization' to' keep bolshev within the frontiers of Russi Prevent its', spreading st co-operate there with the forces disorder and of anarchy. And in tha vork of defense the co-operation the Turks will be of extramdsmey value. i * k ok *x Lord St. John of Bledso, whose ma¥- riage to Mrs. Sanford has just tak place at"St. Mirgaret's, Westminsf 18 a widower with six children, is ti eighteenth peer of his long line and enjoys ths distinction of being the only member of the house of lords who descends in the male line direct from an’ ancestor who directed the compilation of the Doomsday Book n the relgn’ of William the Com- queror.” This: worthy, who is gen- erally regarded as the founder of the family, namely, Willlam de St. John, took his-name from the selgneury of St. Jean, nea?:Rouen: fought in the battle of Hastings as quartermaster general, and. subsequently, was ap- pointed by King William the Can- queror to an office equivalent to that of chancellor of the exchequer in thesé nrodern times Inasmuch as ex-Premier Llovd Gegrge, -when chancellor of the 'a3- chequer, acknbdwledged having de rived much askistance from Dooms- day Book in the preparation of his drastic measures for the taxation of land, prior to the great war, it was somewhat, ungrateful of him to ask, inst the house of lords and about its in- significanee in his eves as a political factor, “Who, for instance, is Lord'S John: 6 Bledso? I do nof know probably do any of you.” * ok Kk Yet the late peer, to whom he thus contemptuously referred, was the ord Heutenant—that- is to say, the prinel- pal representative of the sovereign—i the county of Bedford, also chairman of the: county .council and of the county board , of magistrates; there fore, a public and conspicuous chai acter 4n the provinces. But he went 8o very-little to London that he was quite an unfamillar figure in the metropolis” and almost totally uh- known at Westminster. Indeed, so much was he & stranger there that on one memorable occasion—it twas the second time that he put in an ap- pearance in parliament as a her E tary legislator—that he wandered By mistake into the house of rnmnlons and coolly took his seat on the tr ha- ury bench, reserved for cabinet min- isters, oblivious to the wild gestiou- lations of the doorkeeper. The situ- atfon was explained to him when, he asked his astonished neighbor, . a Lberal cabinet minister, whether the person “sitting opposite’ was not ‘the late Marquis of Salisbury. Only then did he realize his error, and by at once withdrawing put an end to the pertubation which always arises whén there_i {znos ot par!