Evening Star Newspaper, July 23, 1923, Page 2

-2 o VILLA LIEUTENANT T0 AVENGE DEATH Organizing Band to Pyrsue “ Assassins Who Slew His Chief. By the Associdted Press. MEXICO CITY. July 23.-—Nicolas Fernandez, a Villa lieutenant, has wrrived at Cdnutillo to organize & «olumn to pursue Villa's slayers from smong followers of the late chieftain. He attended Villa’s funeral at Pagral and left after the burlal in the municipal cemetery. It was learned that the unidenti- fled man who was killed in tl at- tack upon Villa and his retinud was the aged Mexican who had rented to the assassing @ vacant louse from which they nred upon the passing party. He was put out of the ‘way apparently on the theory- that “dead men tell 1o tales.” THREATEN WAR OF REVENGE. Murdered Chief's Retainers Infu- riated—5 “Widows” Claim Estate. EL PASO, Tex.. July 23 —While five “widows" put in their claims for a share of the estate. and a federal commission from Mexico City pro- st ation the retainers of murdered ex-bandit and revolutionary chieftain at Canu- tillo, Durango, threaten a war of re venge, acording to a special dispatch from Parral to the Chihuahua daily newspaper “Although most of Canutillo have been viewing the remains o says the correspondent, “certain evi- dences have been noted that the Villaists of the general's estate are zetting ready for war. Considerable movement is in progress, suerilla fighters baving already started out in search of the chieftain's assassins Some have credited the rumors that Viila's followers will attack Parral n reprisal, but this is most unlike! sesides, here In Parral all military precautions have been taken and the eity’s safety is fully assured.” Widows? Assert Righs. Senora Austreberta Renterfa is the only one of the alleged Villa widows - ed by name in the dispatch, other Parral are have o I a deceased while the arrival of an- laimant from Torresn is mo- Iy expected. There is, be- 5 the dead leader's admitted wife, &nora Luz Corral Villa, who 18 lving in the United States. The special commission 1o gate the circumstances of death consists of deputles of the Mexican congress, declared the cor- respondent, and Will proceed at onee to Par: According to the account, Villa was shot with nine bullets, “of which four were enough to kill him.” Two of these were In the head. One struck Villa in the chest and passed out of his side shattering his right arm. Another was in the left side tearing open the abdominal cavity (ther Lullets broke his left arm and ifflicted severe flesh wounds In left lem The funeral of Gen. Villu. according to the dispatch, was to have been lwld at Parral, Saturday afternoon. CANUTILLO IS STIRRED. th f people pled_wit n. Viila, a to fo's right, investi- Vi Villa Followers Reported Hostile Over the Assassination. BL PASO, Tex., July iris from week., It is unknown j followers he had there. Government troops firmly established at whirh changed hands revolutionary move years. Parral is near Canutillo and Villa's body rests there It is understooq here that Mexican Rovernment agents investigating Vil- la’'s death 111 report to Mexico City, nd findings by them must be made public at the Mexican capital. SIGSBEE IS BURIED WITH HIGH HONORS {As a marine buglar sounded “taps” ARd the echoes of threo rifle salutes fHom the guns of a company of blue- Jackets resounded through Arlington cfmetery, the body of Rear Admiral Charles D. Sigsbee, famous as the commander of the battleship Maine, was lowered into its final resting vlace today by the graves of other optstanding figures in America’s mil- itary and naval history. Several hundred persons surrounded the grave and pald mufe reverence to the great naval hero. Among them were Assistant Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt, high ranking Navy of- ficers, his widow and children and comrades of the Spanish-American war, Admiral Sigsbee's contribution to American history and civilization and Qs outstanding character were ex- tolled by Father John P. Chidwick of St. Agnes’ Church of New York, who officiated at the final rites at the _grave. The Kit Karson Post, G. A. R, of which Admiral Sigsbee had been 'a member for a quarter of a ntury, and the Richard J. Harden <amp, United Spanish War Veterans, also conducted services at the grave of_their deceased comrade. Banked high around the mouth of ihe grave were numerous floral trib- utes from patriotic and _military anizations and the friends he left behind. Significant was a_beautiful wreath which bore the inscription “The Republic of Cuba” In whose harbor at Havana the historic Maine went benecath the waves. The caisson bearing Admiral Sigs- Yee's body from the Union station, where it had remained with a marine &uard since Saturday evening, began its journey to Arlington about 8:30 o'clock this morning. Only a few udmirers of the picturesque sea fighter and scientist witnessed fts ‘unceremonious departure. The crowd that had gathéred to view the sllent procession of the lone caisson from ihe railrogd terminal was at the cast front and the body left on its route to Arlington from the baggage room un- der the west front of the station. Met by Military Units. At the Fort Myer gate to the ceme- * tery the caisson was met by two com- panies of bluejackets, a_company bt marines and 2 battery of field artil- lery, and escorted to the grave. Mem.- bers of the Kit Carson Post and the Richard J. Harden Camp. garbed in their military uniform-of '93, fell in behind the officlal escort:and accom- panied the body of their comrade to ‘the grave. R The services were opéned-by Chap- Jain E. W, Scott;of the United States Navy, Commander Clarence Browe: Richard J. Harden Camp and officers of the Kit Carson Post then conducted their rites, Admira]l Sigsbee died at his home Sn New York Thursday. Memorial and funeral fces were held in that city, the latter held at the Cathe- dral of St John the Divine. The body was then shipped to Washington, reaching here Saturday evening at 6:30 o'clock, It res in a small vault th the grand - douras "ot 4 n 1 B sorning. are sald to be Parral, a city ny times in ents of past terminal untl! his | { | | i | gene f ! the managers there CAVPAIGN SPURRED Burly Buzzard Is Put to Flight By Mother Quail By the Awsoclated Press. MIAMI, Fla. July 23.—A big, burly buzzard, intent on robbing a nest of young quall, was put to flight after a thrilling fifteen- minute battle Sunday afternoon on the Miami-Hilleah golf course when the mother quail vanquished the big bird after repeated at- tempts to get to her young. Each time the buzzard swobped down to the nest the mother quail hopped on the buzzard's neck and ked vigerously. After a dozen or more attempts to get to the nest, the buzzard gave it up as & bad job and disappeared. Golfers watched the fight a few feet away and cheered the victor. 2 SCAWAB T0 APPEAR AS NORSE WITNESS Defense Agrees Not to Insist on Testimony From At- torney General. Charles M al of t testify spivacy ¢hwab, former director- e Fleet Corporation, wi tomorrow at the Morse before Justice Stafford and a jury in Criminal Division 1, At- torneys Wilton J. Lambert and Nash Rockwood, for the defense, announced this morning. r the defense decided Sat- not to insist on the ap- { Attorney Geners] Daugh- rney Rockwood sent him a telegram saying that as he had bgen informed by Martin J. Gillen, u former trustee of the Fleet Corporation, of the serious of Mr. Daugherty the latter should disregard the subpoena. It was rumored today that the lawyers for the prosccution held a conference aturday as to an offort to have Jus- ice Stafford recall the subpoens and t the court declined to interfere. United States Attorney Gordon denfed he rumor, and declared the defense scen fit to recall the summons. The Groton Iron Works had one of the hest equipped plants in the coun- try, was well managed and i€ de- partments were in the hands of com- petent mer, according to the testi- mony today of Archibald M. Main, consuiting naval architect of Phila: delphia, Who testified for the defens The witness, under examination b Attorney W. Bi repre senting Harry F. ) stated he had studied shiphuilding in England and Scotland and had worked at it for more than thirty years. He went to the Groton vard in 1515, He fdentide a blue print of the Groton works and explained the location of the bulld- Angs and the plan of operations. The witness told of the speed which were always put- ting into the work and said that thousands of extra dollars were xpent to get the ships completed with ex- pedition. More than $65,000 was pald | in bonuses to the men on five ships, he said. He never saw anything done by the officials of the plant toward hindering or delayving the work on the vessels, Mr. Main declared WATER PRESSURE nsel night rance o i { | | The fight for & high-water pressure | system in the District bill this year wil continue unabated, despite the reported action of the Commissioners in omitting this item from their pre- . . THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. ©, MONDAY, JULY 23, 1923. - ' American Ideas Widely Used AP BUREAU PLAN {Hughes Says U. S. Will Not By France in Reconstruction ! % | BY DAVID LAWRENCE. By Cable to The Star. PARIS, July 23.—For five years the voice of Europe has been calling'te America for help. Cynical recipients of that message have sald the call was for American dollars. But while governments and ambitious politicians have been secking to effect economic arrangements with material aid from the United States, the peoples of urope, notably France, have been seizing every opportunity to absorb American ideas and experlence, They have been imbibing the spirit of America with all the eagerness and enthusiasm of converts to & new re- leton, 0 anywhere in France today, espe- clally to the towns, villagey and furms, and the gratitude of a people Wwho appreciate what America did in the war rises to greet you. The vears since the war have not been too brief to enable even a casual ob- server to note the profound impres- slon which Americanism has left on the French line It is not merely a remarkable example of the unselfish- ness which a nation 3,000 miles away Fave to another nation, it is not sim- ply thut thousands of American troops lie in heroic slumber on French sofl. It is that energetic America, efiicient America, xuccessful Amerlca has challenged the unbounded curfosity a5 well as the admiration of the French people Mins Morga Work. One of the most extraordinary mani festations of the spirit of American helpfulness on the one hand and the spirit of French receptiveness on the other, especlally in this epoch of ex- treme nationalism, has been the work of the American committe for dev- astated France, headed by Miss Anne Morgan and Mrs. A. M. Plke of New York city. Health aid and the public bygiene. child the establishment of adult clinies and dispensaries, the organization of nurs ing schools, the supervixion of eani tation, the creation of a popular libra- ry system, the teaching of manual training, and the development of the perative idea in agriculture—al thix has been America's contribution to the reconstruction of France. It has not coxt much mone rela tively to date, considerably less than three million dollars in all—but it h. been the principal stimulant tod the morale of a distressed, if not dis heartened people. What the American committes did has affected directly about three hundrgd thousand people | in the Aisne regigh. and the name and fame of the committee has spread throughout France, so that its ideas GRAND JURY PROBE GETS UNDER WAY (Continued from First Page.) introduction of | welfare work let hole through her brain last July 1%, was called in «s the first witness. One Jjuror, Joseph M. Kuhn, failed | to answer to his name. Sitting on the bench. with Chief Judge Urner was Assoclate Judge Glenn H. Worthing- ton. At the counsel's table were Leo Weinperg, chief counsel for B. Evard | Kepner, husband of the slain woman; a numbe of assistants and State's At- torney Aaron H. Anders. Virtually every lawyer in Frederick occupled chairs ubout the courtroom and ' a score of women peeped through half- opened doors. R Charge of Judge. After. explaining that Mr. Kuhn could not attend owing to ilimess, | Judge Urner began his charge in the following words: ientlemen of the grand jury, you | liminary estimates, now about to go before the budget bureau. Shortly after the trade body offices opened today lines were belng drawn for a finish fight between the Com- missioners on one hand and business men and other residents of Washing- ton on the other who are advocates of the high pressure system. We haven't begun to fight vet” said David M. Lea, chairman of the committee on insurance and fire pro- tection of the Washington Board of Trade, leading spirit in the move- ment for high water pressure. Regret at Fallure. Brig. Gen. Anton Stephan, president of the Merchants and Manufacturers’ Association, and Isaac Gans, president of the Washington Chamber of Com- merce, viewed with much regret the report from the District bullding that high water pressure provision would not be included in the estimates. Both these officials sald that they will im- mediately take the matter up with their organizations. % Gen. Stephan sald that the business of Washington demands 'high water pressure as a matter of protection for the city, and certainly there was not a business man who would not willingly pay hls assessment for the installation of the service. Mr. Gans said that water pressure should come in the next District bill, and he would take steps to have his organization push the impending fight. “I am not surprised at the attitude of the Commissioners in not putting the high-water pressure in the Dis- trict budget,” sald Mr. Lea today on the eve of his departure from the city. “In fact, it is just what I an- ticipated. They have been only luke- warm_to the proposition Since a movement to bring It about was re- vived.” Intormation Sough Mr, Lea just returned from a trip to New York, and while there he found at the offices of the National Board of Fire Underwriters a letter from Acting Chief Engineer Sullivan of the District fire department, for figures and facts relating to high pressure and fire insurance rates. The. letter stated that the acting chief wanted the information for the bu- reau of the budget. This would seem to indicate, Mr. Lea sald, that the budget bureau was interested in the proposition. The reported action of the Com- missioners in letting it be known that they would not include the high water pressure item in the estimates this year will not in any way be con- sidered as a block against the move to get it. Plans will be laid in other directions to force it, and, it w pointed out, there is' every reason to belleve that they will be success- ful. 50 DIE IN TRIBAL WAR. - By the Assoctated Press. PESHAWAR, British Indla, July 28, ~—Fighting has broken out between the tribesmen ruled by the Nawabs of Amb and Miangul in the north- west frontler province. As o result of a dispute. the Nawab of Amb occupisd a part of his rival's territory by & surprise attack in which fifty men wera killed. The Nawab of Miangul retaliated ruth- lnhu‘:ly. are streaming int have been called by the court, at the request of the state's attorney, be- cause of a question of criminal re- sponsibility which has arisen in ref- erence to the death of a resident of this county since you were last session. “In determining whether there is sufficlent grounds for an indictment] you should not allow your minds to | be influenced by anything that you may have heard or read heretofore in regard to the subject of your in- vestigation, but your conclusions should be based solely upon the re- sults of your own officlal and careful inquiry and should represent your in- dependent and impartial judgment You will follow the regular course of procedure, with which your experi- ence during your former. sesslons has made you familiar. Orders Impartial Deciaion. “The court is confident that in per- forming your present duty you will faithfully observe the obligation of the oath you have taken that you shall diligently inquire and true pre- sentment make of all such matters things as shall be givén you in charge, or shall otherwise come to your knowledge, touching the present service; that the eounsel of the state of Maryland, your fellow and your ownr you #hall well and truly keep secret, and that you shall pre- sent no person for envy, hatred, malice or ill will, nor leave any one unpresented for love,”fea?, favor or affection for any hope or promise of reward. But you shall present all things truly as they come to your knowledge, according to the best of your understanding. ““You may now retire to your room and proceed with your Investigation.” 18 Witnesses Called. Eighteen witnesses have been sum- moned by the state attorney to ap- pear before the grand jury today, ten more are to be heard tomorrow. Seven of them were witnesses whom Mr. Welnburg had pleaded with the court to call in behalf of Mr. Kepner. | war Exami)les in Sanitation Left by Army and Work of Committee in Devas- tated Area Eagerly Copied. and programgs solicited everywhere Hundreds aré being of létters have been re- | ceivea from all parts of France appeal- quaté ing to the committee various phases of its work In areas not touched by the war. The writer has visited the Alsne and has observed to what extent the work of the committee has permeated France's civil life—it is a worthy sequel to the chapters of, mili- tary achievement. Indecd, it means ultimately the vebirth of France. This does not imply that the Ameri- can committee is to continue forever or that it has already reached all of France, because the fact is the commit- tee has used the Afsne as a laboratory to demonstrate to the French that they themselves could apply the gama methods of action in the whole "country and realize the same results. Never did the committee undertake a specific expe ment without first exacting the promise that if it gucceeded the carry it on, There could Mot be any re- sentment over such tactles, for it was not an effort arbitrarily to impose con- captions of community - life on the French, but to offer .the best of Ameri- can experience for adaption to the prob- ‘ems of the hour in France Same Benefit for Mexico. Only Americans. could have don this joh which today has won th undying thanks of the French people. For oply Americans are bevond the suspicioon of secking ulterior politi- ‘al ends in Europe. Incidently one can not help wondering what great strides the Mexican people would have made by this time if they had been given such disinter ance by similar committe United States.in the last ten To the tact of the American wom- en, who refused to be diverted by red tape or set-backs of political intrigue here, must be given the credit of an achievement that perhaps only wom- en could have accomplished Th disarmed suspicion. They proved by their first id and personal sacrifices in the tated regions what earnestness purpose and sineé was theirs. Througlout it been the apirit of the Americ. Know - ing no discourag seeking only to help the bewildered people at thelr feet. The France of the battle- fleld areas is teduy not a reproduc tio nof prewar life or even of pre- The American ideuw ppearance taken root tn improved farm man agement. It iy to be seen in the ar- rangement of the rooms ip new ouses, in the installation of ‘modern plumbing and heating systems 1. the American idea has imbedded itself In school and factory and daily of the French family. War has not ylelded material divi- dends to the victor, but it has, through the historic aid of the An nc mittee for devastated nee, in- spired and dey ! a cutlook on life for the French p Rats, at Whistle, Run to Eat From to_duplicate the hospita devas- of ity ha; in routine Fr; new ople This Man’s Hand | By the Assoclated Press. NEW YORK, July 23.—The East Side has discovered a modern pleds piper. He is Jean Rogoff, a native of Latvia, and nightly at his whistle rats of all sizes scurry from the walls of a metal plating =hop, of which he Is watchman, to be fed. He says as many as twenty rats eat out of his hand Harry Frank, a neizhbor, said he saw seven rats hurry forth in an- swer to Rogoff Among who were to appear rly were Lulu Ricketts, the pretty Frederick hookkeeper to whom Mr. Kepner had given gifts previous to his wife's death ost of the others had testified before the coroner’s jury which reversed a previous verdict of suicide and declared Mrs. Kepner the | victim of an assassin. Ezra Houck, father of Mrs. Kepner, in whose coungry home she was found murdered. was ordered into the grand jury room shortly before 12 He remained in there for some tim. The entire Houck family, including the Misses Eleanor and Edizabeth Houck, the former of whom Kepner was alleged to have referred to as a “thorn In the side,” reached the courthouse about 11 o'clock and were given comfortable seats in a private room away from the glances of the crowd until their time to tes- tify arrives. None of the seven witnesses the court permitted Mr. Weinburg to have ! summoned were new to Frederick. All had testified at the coroner's in- quest. They are: Dr. Ira J. McCur- dy, to refute the expert testimony of the autopsists, who declared Mrs. Kepner could not possibly have killed herself by the wounds that ended her life; George B. McCleery, Herbert S. Hahn, Alban M. Wood and Miss Grace Tettingall, to provide an alibi, and Wwillilam Y. Anderson and Casper E. Cline, the undertaker. State Attorney Anders Is basing his case on the following evidence that he will present to the jurors: 1.—The statement of XKepner to Lulu Ricketts that he was being nagged at home and that some day “they would wake up and find some- body gone.” 2.—The Houck sisters’ testimony that the husband had told them he was “sorry he ever begged Grace to marry him." 3—The testimony of Eleanor Houck that Kepner had told her there was “no longer any love” be- tween him and his wife. 4—The presence of bloodstains upon the carpets of the bedroom in which Mrs. Kepner was shot, several yards removed from the bed upon which the body lay in & comfortable sleeping position. Ordered Clothes Burned. 5. The facts that the body lay in a position that would have made it impossible for the bullet to have passed. through her.brain and stop French were to | " | millions chan, In- ! the | o'clock. | Mrs. | OF BOOKKEEPING Engraving Plant System Held Possible .Explénation of Missing $100,000 Bonds. A bookkeeping system which ha Ibeen variously described as " and “inadequate,” and which .1 now under close scrutiny by a com- mittee of experts with a view to re- commending an entirely new system, 1s belleved by the secret service to be & more lkely basis for the mystery ‘of the $100,000 in missing bonds at !the Bureau of Engraving ahd Print- {ing than possibility of theft. i Director Hill of the bureau, who {some time \ago Intimated that the {bonds might be stolen, although he was uncertaln, today declared the matter of the missing bonds was for (himi a “cliked Incident. He added, however, that the matier wal not a closed incident for the secret service. Mystery May Be Settled. After months of investigation, and . with a group of secret service men at the bureau regularly on the lookout | for traces of the bonds, or any other {irregularities, oficials of the secret iservice inclined today to the bellef [that the mystery may be in the book- }keeping, and that some day the whole [ matter may be cleared up. The old bookkeeping - system s undergoing the most severe kind of {investigation by the committee of experts, longer for new plan ! Uncle Sam's completion. An_entirely for keeping records in big money plant, where e hands daily, will be recommended, and if found adequate by the authorities, no doubt will be adopted. FASHIONABLES TAKEN IN RAID IN COURT 121 Best-Dressed Defendants Chicago Court in Months for Disorderly Conduct. ! in 1 By the Asxsoctated Press. | CHICAGO. July nd twenty-one defendan them women, comprising the best- dressed crowd arraigned in police {court for many months, appeared to- day in the Chicago avenue branch of 1 the municipal court as a result of a jraid early yesterday Tent, Chicago’s newest cafe, catering to the spenders in the near North Side dis- trict known as the Gold Coast. The crowd was caught in a 4 am. ratd and charges of being inmates of a_disorderly house was filed against all those arrested. They were hauled Jaway_to the police station like com {mon law violators and much Indigna- tion was aroused. Many of those ar- rested had to stay in cells for hours before bonds were arranged. Many names prominent in Chicago sclal life glven by certain defend- ants as w names of Smith and Joues, given by others, were be- lieved by the police to have been assumed for concealment of identity. Fiften lawyers appeared on behalf of the defendants and obtained a con- |u uance of the hearing until July 27. SRR WIEDFELDT’S SON, INU.S., STUDIES FOR KRUPP TASK Firm Has Soviet Concession to Ex- ploit 150,000 Acres of Rich Farming Land. hundred many of 23.—One the Absociated Press. BERLIN, July 23.—The son of Dr. | Otto Wiedfeldt, German ambassador at Washington, who now Is an agri- cultural student in Wisconsin, fs one jof the Germans who will eventually il.‘kP charge of the Krupp land con- cesslon in the Don district of the kraine, it Is reported here, This concession gives the Krupp firm control of about 130,000 acres of rich farming land, which it l& to cul- i tivate on shares, gIving the soviet gov- ! ernment 17% pér cent of the crops. By {in the wall near the celling of the room had it been fired from the po- sition in which she lay when dis- covered. 7. The testimony of tamily and Addle Tyler, the colored mald, that it wowd have been im- possible for anyone to have entered the house without being seen. 8. The testimony of Addie Tyler that Kepner had ordered her to burn the clothes he and his wife wore when she was slain. 9. The definite testimony of Eszra Houck, one of the most respected men in this community, that Kepner was in his wife's room fully ten min- utes before he ran down stairs and told of finding the body, not fifteen seconds as the husband testified. 10. The absolute denial of the’ en- tire Houck family that Mrs. Kepner had_ever, to thelr knowledge, at- tempted suicide. the Houck BANS TEACHING OF ATHEISM. ATLANTA, July 23.—A measure to prohibit thé teaching of atheism, agnosticisrg or Darwinism, as a fact, was introduced today in the Georgia House of Representatives. Another measure Introduced would require all fraternal and secret organizations to record the names of their member- ship, and forbids the wearing of masks in public. . New * South Wales has no work- houses and in~ 1921 the private wealth per head of the population was $2,250. RUMANIAN SOVEREIGNS ON VISIT IN POLAND -taken at Lasienki Palace, of Poland, Queea Marie of Rumania and Warsaw, shows to right) King Ferdinan 2 2 Plisudski, former. “anti- | which may take two months ____(Continued from First Page.) seeking recognition should evince a disposition to “live up to the obliga- tions of intercourse,” he declared, de- nylng in detail assertions that the Russlan governnient was so doing. Reply to Labor Leader. In response to Mr. Gompers' letter, wrote: “I have your letter of the ninth instant with respect to the grounds upon which the recognition of the | present regime in Russia has been withheld. “You refer with just emphasis to {the tyrannical exercise of power by this reglime, The seizure of control by a minority in Russia came as a gricvous dissappointment to American democratic thought, which had en- | thusiastically acolaifited the end of the despotism of the czars and the | entrance of fres Russia, into the fam- lily of democratic nations. Subsequent ‘events were even more disturbing. The right of free speech and other civil libertiés were denied. Even the advocacy of those rights, which are usually considered to constitute the foundation of freedom, was declared to be counter-revolutionary, and pun- ishable by death. Every form of ! political opposition was ruthlessly exterminated | “There followed the deliberate de- struction of the:economic life of the country. Attacks were made nof only upon property in, its so-calle capilistic form, but recourse was ha also to the ‘requisitioning of labo. Voluntary Orgauizations Ceane. “All voluntary organizations workers were 'brought to an end. To unionize or strike was followed by the severest penalties. When lubor fetallated by passive resistance, workmen were impressed into a buge Jabor army. The practical effect of this program was to plunge Russia once more into medlevalism. Politi- cally there was a ruthless despotism and economically the situation was equally disasterous “It is true that, under the pressure of the calamitous comnsequences, the government group . in Russia has yielded certain concessions. The so- called new economic policy permitted & partial return to economic freedom. The termination of forcible requisi- tloning of grain has induced the peas- antry to endeavor to build up pro- duction once more and favorable weather conditions have combined increase the agriculture output. How far the reported cxports of Russian grain are justified by the general economy of the country 18 at least an open question. Manufacturing indus- try has to a great extent disappearcd The suffrage, so far as it may be ex- ercised, continues to be limited to certain clusses and even among them the votes of some categories count more than the votes of others. Ruxsia’s New Cosstitution, “A new constitution has just now been promuigated providing in effect for the continuance of the rdgime of the 1917 coup d'etat under s\new title. The constitution, it is unde stoad, contains no bill of rights, and the civil liberties of the people main Insecure. There {5 no press ex- cept the press controlied by regime, and the censorship is reaching and stringent. Labor is derstood to be still at_the merc: the state. While membership in of- fiefal unions Is no longer obligator: workmen may not organize or par- ticipate in voluntary unions. “The fundumentals of the Russian situation are pretty generally under- stood in the United States and have made a profound impression upon the thought of our people. Wo are con- stantly made aware of this in the Department of State by the. various ways in which public opinion makes itself felt in the seat of government. We learn of the hope of America that Russia should have the opportunity of free political expression and that she should be enabled to resume her economic life and regain prosperity and once more to take her place among the natlons on the basis of mutual helpfulness and respect. There can be no question of the sincere friendliness of the American people toward the Russian people. And there is for this very reason a strong de- sire that nothing should be done to place the scal of approval on_the tyranical measures that have been adopted In Russia or to take any action which might retard the gradu- al reassertion of the Russian people of their right to live in freedom. State Department’s Problems. “To the Department of State, charged with the canduct of our for- elgn relations, in accordance with the accepted principles of interna- tional intercourse, the problem pre- sents itself necessarily in somewhat less general terms. We are not con- cerned with the question of the legitimacy of a government as judged by former European standards. We recognize the rights of revolution and we do not attempt to determine the internal concerns of other states. The following words of Thomas Jef- ferson in 1793 express a fundamental principle: ‘We surely can not deny to any nation that right whereon our own government is founded—that every one may govern itself accord- re- ing to whatever form It pleases, and change these forms at its own will, | and that it may transact its business with foreign nations through what- ever organ it thinks proper, whether king, convention, assembly, commit- tee, president or anything eisp it may choose. The will of the natiom is the only thing essentlal to be re- garded.’ “It was undoubtedly this principle which was invoked by the represent- ative of the Department of State, In the statement which you quote a: having been made in February, 192: before the House committee on for- elgn affairs on the consideration of House resolution 635, Sixty-sixth Congress, third session. An Exception Is Noted. “It must be borne in mind, how- ever, that while this government has lald stress upon the value of ex- pressed popular approval in deter- mining whether a new government should be recognized, it has never in- sisted that the will of the people of a forelgn state may not be mani- fested by long-continued acquiescence In & regime actually functioning as a government. When there is a ques- tion as to the will of the nation it has generally been regarded as a wise precaution to give sufficient time to enable a new regime to prove its stabHity and the apparent acquies- cence of the people in the exercise of the authority it has assumed. “The application of these familiar principles in dealing with -foreign states is not In derogation of the democratio ideals cherished by our people and constitutes no justificatjon of tyranny in any form, but proceeds upon & consideration of the impor- tance of international Intercourse and upon the established American prin- ciples of non-intervention in the in- ternal concerns of other people: “But while a forelgn regime may have securely established itself through the' exercise of control and the submiasion of the people to or their acquiescence in its exercise of authority, there still remain other uestions to be considered. Recogni- tion is an Invitation to intercourse. It is accompaniel on the part of the new government by the- clearly im pll‘d or express promise to fulfill the obligations of intercourse. Obligntions defined. “These obligations include, among other thin the protection of the persons .and property of the citizens of one country lawfully pursuing their business in the territory of the other and sbstention ‘from bhostile Mr. ‘Hughes, under date of July 19,] 3 Recognize Russia at Present, propaganda by one country in the territory of the other. In the case lot the existing regime in Russia. {there has not only been the tyran- nical procedure to which you refer, and which has caused the question of the submission or acquiescence of the Russian people to remain an open one, but also a repudiation of the obl{gations inherent in international intercourse and a defiance of the iprinciples upon which aione it can be of our citizens in conducted. ; “The persons Russia are for the moment fre from iharm. No assurance exists, however, { against repetition of the arbitrary | detentions which some of them have suffered in the past. The situation with respect to property is even more palpable. The obligations of Russia to the taxpayers of the United States {remain repudiated. The many Amer- ican oitizens who have suffered di- rectly or indirectly by the confisca- tion of American property in Russia remain without the progpect of in- demnitication We have had recent | evidence, moreover, that the policy | of confiscation is by no means at an iend. The effective jurisdiction of Moscow was recently extended to Vladivostok and soon thereafter Mos- cow directed thy carrying out in that clty of confiscafory measures such as we saw in western Russia during 1917 and 1918 Moxt Serlous Situation Seen. “What 13 most serlous in that there is conclusive evidence that those in control at Moscow have not given up their original purpose of destroy- ing existing governments wherever they can do so throughout the world. Thelr efforts in this direction have re- cently been lessened In intensity only Ly the reduction of the eources at their disposal “You are well aware from the ex-} periences of the American Federation | of Labor of this aspect of the situa- tion which must be kept constantly in vie I had occasion to refer to it 1ust March in addressing the wor en’s committee for the recognitl of Rugsia. It is worth while to repeat the quotations which I then gave from utterances of the leaders 0f the bolshevik government on the subject of world revolution, as the authenticity of these has not been denied by their authors. “Last November Zinoviev said, ‘The eternal In the Russian revolution is the fact that It is the beginning of the world revolution.’ Lenin, before the last congress of the third in-{ ternationale, last fall, sald that ‘the | revolutionists of all countries must learn the organization, the planning. the method and the substan of | revolutionary work. Then, 1 am | convinced, he sa ‘the outlook of | the world revolution will not bel good, but excellent’ And Trotsky addressing the fifth congress of the Russian communist youths at Moscow last October—not two years ago, but last October—said this: ‘That means, comrales, that revolution is coming lin Europe as well as in America, systematically, step by step, stub- bornly and with gnashing of teeth, 1in beth camps. It will be | tracted, cruel and sanguinary I View Only of Individuals. | | ensh i “The only suggestion that I have seen in answer to this portrayal of a fixed policy is that these state- ts express the views of the in- duals in control of the Moscow regime rather than the regime {itself. We are unable, however, tol {find any reason for separating the regime and its purpose from tho who animate it, and control it. anil direct it so as to further their aims. ‘While this spirit of destruction at home and abroad remains unal- tered, the question of recognition by our government of the authoritles at Moscow cannot be -determined by mere economic considerations or I»\' the establishment in some degree of a more prosperous condition, wheih, of course, we should be glad to note. or simply by & consideration of the probable” stability of the regime in question. There cannot be inter- course among nations anv more than among individuals, except upon a general assumption of zood faith. We would welcome convincing evi- i i FARMBLOG DEMAND MENACE IS FEARED President Refuses to Call Extra Session, Disapproving of Minimum Price Plea. BY ROBERT T. SMALL. President Harding will nc extra session of Cc to information received here he does not wish to “inflict” Congres on the people before the constitu- tional beginning of the regular ecs- slon on the first Monday in December. The President and his not see that there is any Immedia legislative remedy for the conditt in which the farme the cou find themselves today The ater part of the la of Congress was given ov sideration of the farm proble tually every other class of legiel tlon, aside from the routire &p priation bills, was sldetricked order to give the farmer toe of the stage. A farm credits drawn by Senator Capper of Kar regarded by many as man of the interests Senate, was passed Presidint. The 1 1 sald, would condition of the farn satisfactory manner. 110, credits to the problem al the farmer on an plane with the business little better than that, ha: acea at all. Want Mintmum Price. It is now proposed by the “radi. bloc” in the Senate that the go ernment shall guarantee the crops of the farmer by fixing a minimun price for his_staple products an taking off his hands at that price al that he can raise. Of course if the market affords the farmer a better price than tho government guaran tes the government stands aside To the " republican m: is against all of his ideas of bust President Harding himself inaugural address laid down fundamental policy of his ad stration that here was to he “n business in government and government in business” He said he wanted the government to ge out of price fixing and all sorts “control” just as speedily as possible Holding these views still, it Is ea to see why the President has no ir tention of calling an extra sessior for the purpose of enacting legisla- tion which would put the government perntanently in control of the farm- ing industry of the country and make it virtually the biggest bu ness concern in the world See Consumers’ Demands. Further, the President has been advised from Washington that if the government umiertakes to guar- antee a fixed price to the. farmer, there will be an overwhelming de- mand from the consumers of the country that they also be guuran teed a reaconable price at which they can buy the necessaries of life. Already there Is a mand that the gov ercise soms sort o coal Commissio John Hays Hammond, has recommended that the government tak rol in the event of a strike, but the consumer who pays $16 to $18 for a ton of anthra- cite that cost but $4.12 to mine fesls that the government might take con- trol of the coal situation even i the piping days of industrial peace is difficult” for the consumer to see how a short frelght haul of 200 or 3¢0 miles. and the handling of the coal, by the retailer can amount to the 'difference between what it costs to get the coal out of the ground, plus a reasonable profit, an what he has to pay for it at his cella call az becaus visers d real farmer was con ameliora dence of a desire of the Ru: au- thorities to observe the fundamental conditions of international _inter- course and the abandonment of them of the persistent attempts to sub- vert the Institutions of democracy malintained in this céuntry and others. Rights of People Involved. “It may confidently be added that respect by the Moscow regime for the lberties of other peoples will most likely be accompanied by ap- propriate respect in people themselves. The sentiment of our people is not deemed to be favor- able to the acceptance into political fellowship of this regime so long as it denjes the essential bases of in- tercourse and cherishes, as an ulti- mate and definite aim, the destruc- tion of the free fnstitutions which we have laborfously buflt up, con- Itaining as they do the necessary as- surances of the freedom of labor {upon which our prosperity must de- pend. —_— HARD COAL SCARCE HERE, PRICE BOOST SEEN BY DEALERS (Continued from First Page.) sufficient anthracite to meet daily de- mands of householders and the rea- sons, I am informed for the present shortage in this territory is due to the fact that operators are shipping large quantities of anthracite to the extreme northwest and into 'Canada.” The report urges upon dealers the already exterted toward large shipments of anthracite this territory, ' particularly sizes which are in popular demand and also urges dealers to adviso their customers to purchase and their supplies of bituminous at this time,” because this coal must, to a large extént, supply any deficiency in anthracite, ‘which ~ necessity, same arise, would in all probability force prices upwards and cause the better grades of bituminous to become in_short supply. : Regarding the short or 2,000 Pound ton, which recently recelved unfavor- able report, from the Commissioners, Mr. Lewis say: T cannot close this report without deprecating the fact.that the coal merchants of Washington cannot sell their coal upon the same unit basis as do merchants in almost every other community. The 2,000-pound ton is a gtandard unit of weight by which coal is sold In_every state of the unfon,” éxcepting only Pennsyl- vania, parts of Maryland and the District of Columbla. T cannot under- for the essentlal| rights and liberties of the Russian | i | should | give impartial consideration to door. ©11 Contrel Asked. In some sections of the country there is a demand that the govern- ment take control of the oll industry, as one of the natural resources of the country, and guarantee the consumer a fair price, and to the consumer's mind there is no fair price that is not an_exceptionally low price. It would be an opening of Pandora's box, the President’s advisers believe, to £o into the guaranteeing of mini- mum prices to the farmer. Govern- ment activities in other directions would follow as a natural consequence and no one could see the end of it al! President Harding often has profes sed his friendship for the farmer. It is a sentimental iriendship as well as a political friendship. Mr. Harding's early associations were in a farming community. He also knows that the health and prosperity of the repub- lican party rests largely with th farmers of the great western countrs But the President has no faithiin the farm remedies proposed by the radl bloc and he thinks that the time tween now and December can be en ployed better in an Intensive study « the entire situation than by rushing into ill-considered leglslation. The President has announced his belief in the efficacy of co-operativ: marketing and will lend the power « the government to such enterprises, but he has his mind set against put ting the government itself in bus: ness again. Therefore there will be no extra session of Congress for further farm legislation. RICH, WEDS POOR CLERK. Girl Inheriting Fortune Remains True to Coworker. OTTAWA, July 23.—Miss Monica Mosseau, drug clerk, recently fe necessity of redoubling your efforts |heiress to a share in a $1,500,000 securing ; estate left by her aunt, but she into } those | mained loyal to Eudofe Guberd, with whom ghe has mixed soft drinks fc four vea She married him. recelve | ton charged here as against the per unit ton charged elsewhere “I belleve if the public were {quainted with the facts and this condition they would overwhelmngl: approve the £,000-pound ton.” SEE WAGE AGREEMENT. By the Associdted Press. ATLANTI . CITY, N. J.. July Fours union leaders and as many thracite mine operators met toc to renew negotiations interrupted ten days ago to permit the miners to attend a district convention at Wilkes-Barre. . John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine . Workers of Ameri and S. D. Warriner, nead of the Le- stand why the ton unit should vary. in various Jocalities of the United States any more than the pound unit by which _food stufts sold. There is no_fore Yoglc In: selling a larger ton of’coal in the district of Colum- bia than to require that & pound of butter should weight eighteen ounces in the District of. Columbia and six- teen ounces In thé ce of the United States. - Reason for Complaint. “The gross ton unit as employed here contains more pounds than the net ton unit employed elsewhere, ne- cessitating the dealers charging more in the District of Columbia per ton than s charged by dealers elsewhere selling the smallér ton, all of which brings down criticism upon the heads of the local merchants and they are accused. mmflteerlnt when compar- ison is o with the price per unit | l l high Coal and Navigation Comgan and spokesman for the operators were confident they would eventually to reach an agreement While there are eleven paragraphs in the miners’ demand, the operators assert they embody thirty-five spe- cific demands. The coal companies have agreed to abolish the twelv hour day where practicable and have agreed in_principle to the elimina- tion of what the miners, contend is unjust dockage. Operators also are willing to grant a demand that when grievances are submitted to a concillation board and thence to an umpire, the latter's decision must be forthcoming in ty days. Bt the ‘demands contested _those considered the most important are An increase of 20 per cent in Wag: for miners id by the ton and ‘more for straight time work- a two-year wage contract and ption of the check-off system.