Evening Star Newspaper, June 20, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY.....June 20, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES Editor l'be Evening Star N Newspaper Company Business Office,’ 11th St. and Pennavivania Ave. New York Ofice: 130 Nassau St Chicago Office: Tower Buflding. Puropean Office:: 16 Regent St., London, England. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning edition, in delivered by carriers within the city 81 6 cents per month dallv only, 43 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents per month ders may be seut by mall, or telephona Ma 8§000. Collection fs made by catriers at the #ud of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dafly and Sunday..1 yr., $8.40; 1 mo., 70¢ Daily only. 1yr.. $6.0 €unday only.... All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., $5¢ Daily only 1vr. $7.00: 1 mo., 60c Bunday Syr, Member of the The Associated Preas s exclusively eptitled to the use for repablication of all news dis- atehes credited to it or not otherwise credited | n this paper and also the local news pub- ! lished herein. Al bilcation of | spectal dispatehes h only.. Etna's Final Stage. The voleanic eruption, like all other convulsions of nature, must soon sub- side, however great the devastation. Its period of activity may be only a few hours, or may extend to several days, but rarely does it last a week. Unlike a war started and conducted by man it recedes and dies away shortl Its toll of destruc - be tremen- dous, T protracted. At Etna ady signs are reported of a ning of violence of the eruption. nd the flow of lava pouring from the sides O the riven mountain. The lava streams, it is true, are continuing to advance and | the fall of ashes persists. But evident. Iy the volcano is entering its final stage of activity, and the end will prob- ably soon be reported Interest centers upon the city of Linguaglossa, upon which, according to late reports, five large and several | smiller streams of lava are still ad- vancing, spreading out like the tenta- cles of an octopus to grasp the now de- serted buildings. A large force of en- girleer troops has been sent into the zone between this menacing lava flow | and the city to dig trenches in the hope of diverting the destroying moiten mass to either side Interesting tales are told of the use | of images of the saints to check the flow, and one story comes of a severe contest between groups of people for | possession of an image to which par- ticularly powerful qualities are at- +vibuted. and which was needed at dif- ferent points simultaneously. This use of the sacred effigies in Sicily is re niscent of the rites performed in Hawaii when one of the great volcanoes there erupts and lava flows menace the! towns Etna will probably cease its eruption in a short time and normal conditions will be quickly restored. Then will come the reckoning of the costs, & survey of tae devastated felds and | destroyed hamlets and villages. a total- ing of the loss, which will doubtless run into an enormous figure. But whatever the destruction, it is probable that there will be no need to charge Etna with a joss of human lives. ma the consequently 1 —_——— Vacation. Many minds are turning te vacation thoughts, and so many persons are sensitive to suggestion that their va- cation ideas have heen stimulated by publicity given the DPresident's de- parture on his 15.000-mile and two- month trip “to study the problems of Alaska at first hand.” and also “to| outline to the people the administra- { tion's policies and the problems which | must he met as he sees them.” Everybody hopes the President will have a happy and successful trip. If | it really is a vacation as much as al public business trip it is not such a | vacation as the great majority of us | want, and of which so many of us| ve thinking. Tt seems to the average man that there is fun being | shifted from one reception committee to another, to be called on for a speech hefore breakfast and after supper, to be surrounded by crowds of eager hand-shakers and to listen to and | smile a response half a million times to such phrases as “Pleased to meet you, Mr. President”; "I voted for you Jast time and will do it again”; “We are all for you out here”; “That was | a great speech, Mr, President, and 1! heard every word of it”; ete. It seems ! to common mortals that more comfort is to be found in a bathing suit where the surf comes rolling in, or by some } cool lakeside where the fishing is good, or on some green mountain top where | winds blow and where one must pull the blanket around his shoulders a few hours after the sun goes down. early evervhody takes a vacation | now, and it seems that people are tak- ing longer and more frequent vaca- tions as the years pass. It has become most unusual to meet the man who tells you that he “never takes a vaca- tiop.” A few years ago one could meet that man in many places. He | was so engaged or enslaved in his business that he could not dedicate golden days and silver dollars to a holiday. But that was some time ago. | —————— Occasionally a New York newspaper develops an original and exclusive line of news suspense as to who its next proprietor is going to be. no in American Ships. American shipping is getting a good share of the carrying trade on. the high seas, despite the fact that the Emergency Fleet Corporation of the Tnited States Shipping Board is run- ning behind in the matter of expenses. 1t would be more correct to say that because of the fact the Fleet Corpora- tion is operating verels at a loss its vessels are getting the business. The Leviathan, greatest ship in the warld, is today on her trial trip. The President Polk, carrying the largest number of cabin passengers any United States Line ship has ever ac- commodated in the New York-London service, is sailing today. The race for the carrying trade of the world. is being bitterly contested. There are many more ships today then there were before the war. The Inwflient fleet of the United States is | American i loaded into trucks. responsible, in large part, for this situation. Because of conditions, higher wages and higher standards of living in this country, it costs the United States more to build and oper- ate ships than it does the British, the Scandinavian nations and other coun- tries. But the United States is hang- ing on, and Congress provided a $50.- 000,000 “appropriation for the next fiscal year to make it possible to com- pete with other nations. For example, it costs approximately $9,000 a vear more for the salaries of the officers of an American average steamer than for those of a similar British ship, which represents ap- proximately the earnings of such a vessel during a year. In addition to this the wames of the crews of Ameri- can vessels are higher. The difference between appropriat- ing $50,000,000 a year to make it pos- sible for the Emergency Fleet Cor- poration to operate its ships in com- petition with those of the rest of the world, and appropriating for aid to the merchant marine, as pro- posed by President Harding' to the last Congress, is nothing at all in dol- lars and cents, except that the appro- priation under the shipping bill would have been millions of dollars less than the fifty million appropriated for gov- ernment operation. But those who favor government operation say that there is a vast dif- ference between appropriating money for government owned and operated ships and hetween doing the same thing for “special interests,” as they Iduh private shipping lines owned and operated by Americans. On the other hand. a government owned and operated merchant marine, with unlimited appropriations of the people’s money, back of it to meet all competition, both foreign and private { American competition, must result in the end in there being no private American competition. ——————— Truth Stranger Than Fiction. Why buy fiction when your daily paper brings you stirring news of ad- ventures of the rum-runners and smugglers that outcurdle the novel- ist's wildest tales? Only last week there was the story of the mystery ship and the smugsled Chinamen, a lurid story of the sea. Yesterday, within a few miles of the city hall in New York, there occurred a pitched battle between eight deputy sheriffs and fifty or sixty rum-runners and New York “gunmen,” in which the officials were forced to seek cover while @ fleet of trucks rushed nearly 600 cases of liquor into the city. Yesterday's battle was described as the result of skirmishing which start. ed Sunday when a vessel landed a cargo of liquor in Greenport, Long Island. A citizen had his ear while standing in front of the house where liguor was supposed to be stored, Deputies Ten gunmen were sent to reinforce the smugglers, and when additional deputies attempted to rush the house they were driven away by a volley. The second chapter o curred yesterday, when other smug- glers attempted a raid on the prem- ises where 1,000 sacks of bottled liquors were stored. It was a case of dog eat dog. The police invaded the house, exchanged vollevs with the would-be burglars and captured wet goods. Sheriff Biggs told the Assgciated Press that since the repeal of the state prohibition enforcement act Long Is- land has been literally overrun with bootleggers and rum-runners, with an amaging increase in the liquor traffic. The number of rum-laden ships which have hovered off Montauk point in the past five weeks has increased greatly since the state “laid down™ on its job of assisting in enforcing the federal statute and the Constitution of the United States. What was forecast if repeal went through is coming to pass, and at a rate which threatens to exceed in ex- | tent the mest direful of the prophecies. The man who signed the repeal bill, Gov. Alfred E. Smith, should find much to ponder over in the face of de- | velppments. ———————— An evidence of his fine self-manage- ment lies in the fact that Mr. John D. Rockefeller has been able to accumu- late millions upon millions without once coming under serious considera- tion as a political prospect. ——————————————— England notes an increased demand for diamonds in America. In spite of complaints of the high cost of living and the income tax there is still a lit- ! tle change available for the luxuries. ———————— A happy medium is sought between conditions of unemployment one year and labor shortage the next. The Railroad Labor Board. Railroads and the railroad workers, it is reported, have at last found a common enemy, the Railroad Labor Board, an enemy against whom they may act in conecert. They are engaged in parleys as to the best method of eliminating the board, and an appeal to Congress to repeal that part of the transportation act creating the hoard may follow. Establishment of the Labor Board was to meet primarily the menace to the public—all those citizens who are neither railroad owners nor raflroad employes—involved in labor controver- sies on the transportation systems of the country. It may be as well for the roads and the workers to remember this in making their attacks upon the board. The fact that the board has drawn fire from both parties, the roads on the one hand and labor on the other, might well lead to the belief that the beard has been showing no favors, but has been dealing out justice. In the reports of the alleged nego- tiations between railroad workers and the roads much is made of the fact that some of the railroads have been able to deal satisfactorily with their own employes in recent months with- out the submission of their differences to the Railroad Labor Board. It is inti- mated that it would be better to doaway with the board and let the roads and their' men handle all disputes between themselves. There is nothing in the Jaw creating the Labor Board, how- ever, which prevents in the slightest degree the rallroads and the workers from coming to agrgEments between shot (vfl‘ w the liquor being | | | | } i { | | | i i | | | | | themselves if they can. This is shown conclusivel.y in the very arguments now advanted for ‘the killing off of the hoard. But the board was created to meet situations wilere the raiiroads and the workers foursd it impossible to reach an agreemen’i It would be idle to say that such situations are not to-arise in the future. The board Is a safety valve. It is clesigned to prevent the people from lwing frozen or starved because either the railroad managers or the railread employes, or both,.are stubborn to the point of tying. up transportation. It now appears that the roads and the workers are anxious to return to the old state ofl affairs, where force is the last resort weapon. And when force is resorted to the outsider is usually the greatest sufferer. Congress will'be appealed to, on the other hand, to strengthen the Labor Board. President Harding in former messages has told Congress it is un- thinkable that industrial controversies such as the railroad shopmen's strike and the coal strike of last year are to be permitted to cause great suffer- |ing to the people. Admittedly the in- dustrial and commercial development in this country has outstripped the de- velopment of the sclence of govern- ment. At present we are groping about in an effort to solve some of the problems and to determine what the relation of government should be to industry and commerce. The Labor Board is one ofi the new zovernmental agencies being tried out. ———————— Limitation of the use of bombing planes and poisan gas is now demand- ed. The effort to make war a little less inhuman shows at least that the public heart is in the right place. even it its expression is a trifle illogical. The sclection of precise types and di- mensions of instruments of killing rep- resents a somewhat grewsome dis- crimination. —_—————— A certain amount of quiset satire is usually addressed at this season to the college graduate. Nevertheless there are good suggestions in the com mencement addresses, and the world would be better off if the ideals thus outlined could be strictly followed in practical life. ——————— Whatever his own intentions may [ be, the politicians are very reluctant about letting President Harding keep politics out of his tour. —————— The present role of Trotaky in Rus sian affairs appears to be simply that of a man who is waiting for Lenin to recover his health. —_———————— European rations want help, but not the kind that one friend extends when he induces another to sign a temper ance pledge. —_———————— It is charged that 90 per cent of the newspapers and magazines in ( | many are owned by a small group of capitalists. Some of the literature turned out by the presses is as unin- fluential as the paper meney. Discussions among the facuity not always show the serene int lectual poise of the graduation essayist ! who brings a fresh mind to world-old the § problems. Paris proposes to lead the Ruhr a dance that will be distinctly of the marathon variety. —_————————— Business trips to be more or less conspicuous for op portunitick to enjoy conviviak hos) tality. Prohibition authorities are do- ing all in their power to make the metropolis safe for the out-of-town buyers It has doubtless been observed by Gov. Pinchot that few men achieve great power in Pennsyivania politics without being stigmatized in some quarters as “‘bosses.” In Gov. Smith’s political atmosphere there are traces of thunder and light- ning as well as moisture. As usual, the farmer, fearful of drought, contenfplates the question of “wet or dry” in its climatic rather than its moral aspect. Demands that passive resistance in the Ruhr shall cease do not impose any definite obligations to make the | resistance active. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. An Ideal. A tall givaffe I fain would be, And then, when food got dear, I'd eat the branches off the tree, And never feel a fear. Gross Deception. This is an age of dire deceit; In sorrow I declare it; Some shattered dream each day we meet, TUntil we scarce can l!!lr it. A hair upon the butter lay; Nay, reader, do not quarrel And vow the topie brings dismay— 1t is to point-a moral. Observe how subterfuge and guile ‘Where'er we turn o'ertake us, Until we wear the cynic’s smile And hope and trust forsake us. For this is why the theme is fraught ‘With solemn dissertation: The strand. was from a wig, well ‘wrought; The butter, Imitation. Utility. De fishin’ worm goes walkin® ‘When de sun begins to shine, An’ de fish he seems a-waitin’ For to dangle on de lin: An’ you kind o' feels a-hungry Foh jes' gome sech a dish; Now, what was summer made foh, If it wasn’ made to fish? De willows is alaughin’ At deir shadews in de erick; De water is complainin’ 'Cause it bas to move so quick; De grass it makes a pillow * So invitin’, by de stream; Now, what were summer made It it wasn' made to dream? New York used to! Heir to Three British.- Dukedoms Here to Meet U. S. Amateur Boxers BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY, Heir to no less than three duk: doms, as well as te the dignity of premier peer of the Kingdom of Scotland, the young Marquis of Doug- las and of Clydesdalé, who is arriv- ing in New York today on board the Majestic, comes to America, not in search of s well dowered bride—for he will come into great wealth on the death of his father—hut looking for a fight. He is one of the most en- thusiastic and plucky amateur bex- s of Great Britaln, and last year fousht his way into the boxing team of Oxford, where he is still an under- sraduate, and which defeated Cam- bridge iIn the Interuniversity boxing contest last March. More recently he failed to carry off the Scottish ama- teur middleweight championship at Leith, being beaten on points in three rounds, his adversary being a riveter in the Lelth shipyards, of the name of J. J. Robinson. But three.weeks afterward he defeated J. A. Hender- son, a coal miner, and popular fa vorite, in a hotly contested matcl Botten up by the Rob Roy Club, at Henglers Circus, in Glasgow. His fa- vorite boxing mate is his Amerlcan college chum, a former Yale man, Ed- ard . Egan, now a Rhodes scholar at Oxford, and it is from Egan that he has acquired much of the Amerl- can aggrossiveness in his style of fighting. He is extremely anxious to see some good fighting while in the United States and will show no re- luctance to don the mitts and try his SKIlL and brawn_ in any amateur con- test that may be arranged for his entertainment. Although barely twenty, Lord Doug- las is ‘more developed than most young fellows of hix age, and last year traveled over the greater part of Seuth America, roughing it in its remote reglons, and winding up his tour by coming north and making & stay of soveral weeks at Detroit, in order to study the production meth- ods of Henry Ford in his automobile manufacturing industry. When his the present and thirteenth Duke of Hamilton, succeeded his re- mote Kinsman in the dukedom of Alamilton, in Scotland. as super- chieftain " of all the Douglasses, as Duke of Brandon. in the peerage of England; of Chatelberault, in France, he found himself burdened with & heavy load of honors and dignities, but with a relatively small income on Which to maintain them. The late duke had left all his English prop- well an the Island of Arran. Jtland, and. all- the money h he coyld dispose, to his on! daughter Mary, now happiy married to the Marquis of Graham. son and heir of the Duke of Montrose. In- deed. she had inherited from her father a fortune estimated today at $500.000 & vear. The entail had been broken by the eleventh Duke of Ham- ilton and not renewed. The late duke might. therefore, have left everything fo his daughter and nothing to his successor in the mily honors, whom he had never even met. but he had a keen sense of the homor and obligations of 'his hcuse. So he established & trust fund for all his extensive estates and possessions in Scotland, exelusive of the Island of Arran, according to the terms of which the revenues were to be devoted to the amortization of tha heavy debts and mortgage obligations with which they had been burdened By his own extravagance in early life but especially by the huge expendi- tures of.his father, the eleventh duke the most magnificent moble of his day of whom the grent Lord Brougham Wwas wont to sav that he was “the very duke of very duke” While this amortization was in progress the trustees were directed to pay to the present duke an allowance of $50.000 a year, to be increased to $100,000 as scon as a moiety of the obligations had amortization was complete he was to placed in full possession of the ¥ t any restrictions. To- & amortization is complete. and today the duke finds himself no longer one of the poorest. but one of the very richest peers of the United Kingdom. the owner, moreover, of much mineral wealth. His fortune | hax been still further increased dur- ing the past twelve months by hi sale of mome 0,000 acres of land, mainly in the county of Linlithgow, which, despite the depreciations landed property, has realized $4,000,000. Mueh of the land of the { duke iy held by virtue of grants and charters dating from the reign of King Robert Bruce. | He was formerly a lisutenant in the royal navy, but was forced to retire from the sérvice by reason of an in- Thoroughly planned and executed on schednle, the Bulgarian revolution remains more or less a puzzle to those {who are following events in that { country. There seams to be a gen- eral feeling that the end is not yet and that an uprising of the agrari- ans hardly can be -avoided. The { Balkans loom once again as a danger i signal to the world and there seems 'a unanimous agreement that unle the Bulgarian troubles can be fso- lated more real trouble will loom up to involve all Europe. handful” and -“reasonable growth” for Bulgaria falled to ap- pease the restldssness of the mili- tarists. the Springfieid News points out, and “several assassinations showed an open revolt against sxis ing conditions wes imminent Albany Newg suggests that it is a auestion whethér the military party is strong enough to hold the reing it has seized. If it dbes retain coptrol, the great danger Is that it may try to revenge itself on Turkey because of the transfer to that country of Karagatch, which Bulgaria has wanted.” Bulgaria “under her czars has been one of the most notoriously misgov- erned states in Christendom,” in- sists the Des Moines Registér, and eaction “there may please a few whe' are still so full of fear for the established order that they relish any apparent turning baek of the calen- dar. But, considered on its own, re- action in Bulgaria has small likeli- haed of proving a pretty thing.” Ac- cepting this statement, the Lynch- buyrg News further paints put that “the. effect of Bulgaria's action is Iikely to appeal to the grave concern of western Europe. Faseisti tenden- cies appear to be growing in popu- larity just now. Tt seems high time for the friends of constitutional gov- ernment everywhere to_take note of this remarkable and d@gngerous de- velopment in the populgr eongeption of governments and of the ruthless meang,_employed to seize civil power. The subject is one which should ap- peal to the concern of the_entire civilized world.”- 8o far as the view a ‘“mere { | of the Buffalo News s aoncerned, it ia istie as many nplag ;n t o Ty s | nat ap_pessiml other editors, 3 complicat u 5 ~— w !Consequences of Bulgarian Revolu-| the « I tion Yet May Prove Very Serious. | Reduction of the national army to heen paid off, while when their | of | of their families pry some | to be opened for removal to the i ‘ Jury sustained in diving off his ship, and which left him an invalid for a number of years. Indeed, it was gen- erally believed that he would never wed.” A considerable sensation was, therefore, created when, in 1901, some six or seven years after his succew- slon to the dukedom, he contracted a matrimonial alliance with Miss Nina Poore, who has borne him no let than seven children, three girls and four boys, all of them sturdy and atrong, and showing no wigns what- soever of their father having been re- garded for a time as a well-nigh hopeless invalid, * Kk ok * He has the blood of the royal house of Scotland in his veins, for his an- cestor &eorge Douglas married Prin- cess Mary of Scotland, daughter of King Robert III. The duke has played a very unobtrusive and Inconspleu- ous role in the public life of the United Kingdom, in spite of hiy many dignities and hereditary offices, the latter including the mastership of the royal household in Scotland. In fact, the only time that 1 can recall his coming before the people in any way was when, years ago, he declined to permit the vaccination of any of his children on what was stated to be conscientious grounds. So strong were the pleas and arguments which he put forward in the matter that the authorities ended by granting him an exemption It is only within the last few months that the duke has acquired the positive assurance of the validity of his succession to the family hon- ors, nearly a quarter of a century ago. The late and twelfth Duke of Hamilton had a younger brother, of the name of Lord Charles Hamilton. who used to o by the name of ° figures in the diaries of Marie Bashkirtseff and died In 1886 at Nice, after a most wild and stormy existence. He finally succumbed to consumption, nursed to the last with the utmost tenderness and affection by his Russian wife, of whom no mention is made in ‘the pages of “Burke's Peerage.” Lady Charles was the widow of Gen. Count Pasklevitch, chamberlain to Alexan- der III. Carlo Hamlilton eloped with her and in a duel which followed had the misfortune to kill the count The tragedy naturally was sufficient to render the position of Lady Charles very difficult in England. So the cou- ple made thelr home in France, divid- ing thelr time between FParis, Biar- ritz and Nice. * ok k% Eleven years after Carlo Hamil- ton's death and entombment in the wonderful family mausoleum in La- larkshire, and two years after the demise of the late and twelfth duke, a man until then known as Charles Gunn turned up at Pretoria, in South Africa, and put forward in the form of &n aMdavit a claim to the duke- dom of Hamilton and to all the prop- erty left in trust for the benefit of the same, on the ground that he wa really the twelfth duke's only brother, Lord Charles Hamilton, who was supposed to have died at Nice in 1886 He insisted that he had left England after fighting a duel and that. in order to escape the legal consequences, his death had been formally announced and a sham fu- neral organized, the coffin supposed to contain his remains and which had been fted in the family mausoleum having been filled with sand. Some vears later another man putting forth simllar pretensions turned up at Vienna under the name of Lord Charles Hamilton. where, at the instance of the late Princess Tas- silo Festecics, only sister of the real Lord Hamilton, he was arrested as an imposter by the police and expell- ed from Austrian territory, not be- fore being identified as a cashiered fellow officer of Lord Charles in the 11th Hussars, Subsequently bogus Lord Charles Hamiltons turned up from time to time in Scandinavia. in Russia and at least two of the west- ern states of America. Indeed, it was only last fall. when the family mausoleum had to be demolished order to save it from the collapse | rendered inevitable by the mining operations carrled on beneath its st face and the tombs of the twel Dukes of Hamilton and the members ved t had sme- tery prepared for the occupancy, that the casket containing the remains of Lord Charles Hamilton was opened and the corpse therein officially iden- tifled. thus putting an end to the legend that his burial had been a bogus one. EDITORIAL DIGEST “the chief danger in any govern- upset in the Balkans is that it is likely to start a rumpus allalong the line “in that explosive region.” In addition, as the Boston Transcript sees it, “the revolutionary movement travel a long road before it can prove its title to a clean bill of health and prove itself to be capable of glving better administration of public affairs than the agrarians.” “However successful we may have been in saving the world for democ- racy, it does not appear that we have accomplished much toward salvaging the Balkan situation.” the Houston Chronicle suggests, and it also is cer- tain “there seems little doubt that the present revolution was hatched, if not actually planned and financed, fn some of the western capitals.’” Yet, while it is possible that the revo- lutfon “may mark the return of power of King Ferdinand’s war lords,” the Bay City Times-Tribune feels confi- dent the strength of the agrarian party, “which secured 212 out of 24 seats in the Bulgarian parliament at the last election,” will prevent fhe militarists leading the nation into a war of revenge policy. Coupled with the Turkish diplomatic succs at Lausanne, however, the St. Paul Dis- patch holds “the revolution has thrown the Balkans back to the situ- ation which obtained just before the war. With the Turks back in Eu- rope and the old element in control at Sofia, politics are ready to start anew from the point where they were interrupted in 1914, with this differ- ence: that the pro-German group is weaker than before.” Then, again, while the new government starts out with a strong proclamation, the Win- nipeg Free Press suggests “it sets & high standard, but the intercsting point is whether it. means anything.” Stamboulisky “was a tyrant,” the St. Louis Post-Dispatch agrees; “dealt ruthlessly with the diplomats and generals who involved Bulgaria in the war and hag treated the royal family with contempt. He insisted on werk and made life hard for the idlers. This was tyranny, but it had no kinshjp with the economic and political oppression of the autocracy and the military. It did not make the masses the victims of the clasges.” Nevertheless, because of the great distance between America and Bulgaria, and the fact that the eople of the former do not know Jast what the developments indicate, the Lincoln Star is. convinced it i rather difficult to ‘exércise the under- standing and sympathy which the fight for democracy in Bulgaria calls for.” To which the Rochester Tim Unien adds: “The ‘reactionaries at least will have to fight for the power at which they are grasping and it will be time enough to worry abeut a new Balkan war when they have sueceeded.” This view likewise is in- dorsed by the Seattle Times, which holds “if the Zankoff ministry at- tempts reprisals the peasants may resort to ferce to regain power.” and {ahfln' out “more than 400.000 of hemm B vennnrv(_th world com: Politics at Large President Harding started this afternoon on his trip to Alaska and Porto Rico, with his program for a number of speeches while journeying across the continent, which are ex- pected to have a political bearing. That is to say, they will relate to international and domestic questions, which must of necessity enter into the presidential campaign of 1924. Keen interest is felt in all political circles over his first address, which is to be made at St. Louis tomorrow night, on the subject of the world court. The President is expected by the politiclans to reiterate his stand on that proposition and to invite the support of citizens regardless of party. It'is also expected to have the na- ture of a challenge to those within his own party who oppose the propo- sition by emphasizing the President’ refusal to be deterred from pushing the undertaking by the apprehensions of what he thinks is a minority in the party. k. The task before the President is to clear up the misapprehension of those who may fear that the world court plan involves this nation becoming entangled in the politics of Europe. The averdge American voter, actu- ated by a spirit of peace on earth and good will to men, probably feels disposed to apply the influence of the United States among the nations to the benefit of the world If it can be accomplished without the impair- ment of our own independence. Many of them no doubt are conscious of a wsense of responsibility of the United States toward mankind by reason of the unparalleled benefits wlhich this country en If the President voters to belleve that for the betterment of the world and contains no alloy corrosive of our independence the prestige of his ad- ministration will be enhanced and public pressure will be brought upon the Senate to consummate his idel * ¥ ¥ ¥ Henry Ford added a chapter to current political discussion day be- fore vesterday when he made what at first blush might be deemed a renouncement of presidential am- bitions. Analysis of his utterance, however, shows that it was a re- nouncement that did not renounce— for keeps. Cliff Berrvman in his car- toon in The Star vesterday touched the spot when he showed Mr. Ford mhooing away a presidential bee that was buzzing around him while he was busy. But it will be noted that Mr. Ford did not “swat” the bee; he only “shooed” ft. “I have no desire to be President of the United States,” Mr. Ford was quoted as saying last Monday. “I am t much occupled with my own affairs to become the next President and 1 do not intend to run. All this vou hear about my name being asso- ciated with the presidency is ne paper talk. There is nothing in it.” Well, that's what they all say at some time or another in the pre- Nliminaries of a campaign for a presi- | dential nomination, the politicians de- lclare. 1t is the usual play. You can’t get the politicians in Washing- ton to take any stock in Mr. Ford's| utterance as a finality. They say that the only way to declare one's self out of a possible presidential candi- {dacy campaign is to declare it in Words that mean a declination: by saying. for instance, “I won’t have it and will refuse it if offered.” That is what Theodore Roosevelt id, in effect, about a third term and found that he had to live up to it. % %= There are increasing indications of very skillful political management of Mr. Ford's presidential boom. Some- body with resources and political sagacity is behind it. The politicians and the public seem to be taking it as an accepted fact that his boom is now on. It will not hurt his pros- pects an to have his shyness at this time. His apparent disinclination to take a nomination induces his support- ers to say, “Oh, come on, Henry; be kood feilow and play the game The more he holds back the more his ! most ardent supporters are likely to increase their efforts in his behalf. e Politicians in Washington are still commenting on the movement among bring the his plan is all democratic leaders to keep the party laloof from the wet issue. The ex- perience which Gov. Smith of New York had with Tom Taggart of In- diana at Krench Lick, which was;| noted at length in The Star last Sun- day, has started no end of gossip and speculation about Gov. Smith's fu- ture. There is no speculation, however, upon the inception of a mu\emenv.l nong democratic leaders to fight shy of being led into a trap by the wets. That is accepted as a fact which will become more apparent as time wears on. One politician here in discussing the announcement of Mr. Taggart, de- livered as an admonition to Gov. Smith, said: “Tom Taggart and Al Smith’ play politics together and it's dollars to doughnuts that ‘Al' knew what “Tom’ was going to say all the time and the seeming repudiation do. not =orry him a little bit.” This re- mark was predicated upon realization that Mr. Taggart could not control the Indiana delegation to the demo- cratic national convention if he couritenanced the suggestion of a wet platform. But by the same token a delegation sent to the convention as drys would not be likely to swfiteh around to the wets, for the state is dary. o The prevailing judgment among democratic leaders of influence is that ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Haskin e ] Q. Will the “better homes™ exhibi- tion house be open .to the public 8gain?—¥. B, A. The General Federation of Wom- en’s Clubs says that no arrangements have been made for further exhibi- tion. Tt is possible to see the house only by speclal appointment. Plans have not been made for final dis- posal of it. The house will probably be moved to another site and be put to some further use. Q. Can the California dig tre. grown In the east?—A. . & ' 0 ° A. A tree of this species (Sequoia &igantea) Is growing In the grounds of St. Elizabeth's Hospits], Washing- ton. D. C." It was transplanted from Californfa ahout eighteen years ago and has attained a height of fifteen feet and a trunk diameter between seven and eight inches. The diam- eter of the General Sherman tree, the oldest sequofa. is thirty-six feet and it has attained @ height of about 285 feet. Q. How long is the drive around the Speedway?—R. G. A. Starting at the railroad and end- ing there, the drive measures 3.4 miles. Q. Are the people listening in o radio considered aspart of an ludl’: ence?—J, L. P. A. Changes are being made in ore to include this {nvisible audle::’:er June 8 a popular radio broadcaster was married in & Philadelphia Epis- copal church. The rector fn per- forming the ceremony said “in the sight of this company.” and added. “and in the hearing of this company.” in order that all who were listening | in on the wave length used for his| church service might consider them- selves guests at the wedding. Q. What does the exposition that 18 to be held in ¥ngland next spring commemorate?™—J. P. C. A. The British Empire Expositio will be held in the spring of 1324 Tn ‘Wembley Park, Mi@dlesex county. It does not commemorate any particular time or event. Q. How many negroes have gradu- ated from American colleges?-oA: M. A. There have been 7,350 | graduates. sy Q. “'hl! M. C. A. annrd the close of the eigh- teenth century furniture makers de- signed pieces which might have a double or triple use. This was called harlequin furniture. Beds of t. y that are transformed into mantels or is harlequin furnfture?— pianos, tables which become dresserg chairs that are stepladders, are surely examples of harlequin s;{eA Q. Why are whales not c e 5L Why axs onsidered A. Whales probably evolved land animals. They have vestiges nf hind legs; they suckle their voung, which are almost invariably born one at a time; they have warm blond they have tufts of hair about the snout, jaws and skin. and thes breathe “air as land animals do | stead of like fishes What was the origin of as applied from Q. A L A. F. F. V.'s—first families of Vir- ginla—was a jocular term applied in the north, both before and during the war, to the southern aristocracy in general and its exact origin is un- known. ¥ 1o southerners —:s Q. Which has the larger cye or a woman?—C. W. F A. The eveball of a man i slixi larger than that of a wo Q. What public oflices did the | Charles Warren Fairbanks hold as from Vice President?—E. . O, A. United States senator from Ir diana and Vice President were the only elective public offices held Fairbanks. Q. How old is the cotton industry in this country?—8. M. E. A. The first cotton mill ™n thic country to take cotton in the r: state and pass it through the vario;s processes to the woven cloth w erected in Waltham, Mass., in 1513 Q. Why doesn't bite?—1. M. C A. The only reason that male mos quitoes do not bite is that they car not. Mogt of them will drink fres: blood if it is offered to them. but in most species the mouth parte a:- not sufficiently developed to plerc the skin. Q. What is an oriental plane tres?— C. G L. A. Tt {8 @ sycamore tree. often call- ed the buttonball or oriental svca- more. The bark is very thin and peels constantly. the male mos Q. How many Indians can J. L. A. There are ahout voters of both sexes. vntet— 50,000 Tndian (Mr. Haskin will answer ques of fact for any one without cha Write your inquiry and inclose cents in stamps for return post Address your letter to 1220 X Capitol street.) th CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS e — How much does breakfast cost? This question does not apply to the| epicure’s breakfast, beginning with| the juice of two oranges, followed by bacon and eggs, fee, and a iip means® Just mush. with rolls and cof-| to the waiter. It breakfast—cornmeal e A scientist, Samuel S. Wyer, has| been working in collaboration with| the bureau of technology, United States National Museum, In investiga- | tions. in the.fuel cost of cooking, and | specializing In gas, both natural and artificial. He reports that the cheap- | est and most “Alling” breakfast is cornmeal mush. Enough to satisfy| anybody costs one-fifth of a cent Iorl the meal, and 1 cent for the gas| to cook it. Oatmeal is more expen- sive, but some people can afford it it costs a cent for the oatmeal and @} cent for gas. The scientist fails to! tell us that another cent might hel added for sugar and 10 cents for! eream. In soldier hospitals, however, | the patients are forbidden to have, sugar and cream on their oats. | “Thrift, Horatio! Thrift!" | * ¥ % ¥ | Dr. Wyer shows that cooking by| gas is the cheapest method now in! use, though' he recommends a com- bination of gas and coke. Electricity | consumes six pounds of coal, gas one | pound, to create the same units of | heat. There is mined in the United States | annually & total of 640,000.000 {ons of coul. If everybody cooked with| electricity it would require 750,000.- 000 tons for the cooking alone, bucl {the amount needed to make gas for; the 6,000,000 cooking kitchens of | American homes is only $2,000.000 ] tons. * ¥ ¥ % The beehive coke ovems, says Dr. Wyer, waste annually 240 billion cubic feet of gas. The natural query arises (although Dr. Wyer does not discuss it), as to why all that gas fuel is| wasted by the coke qvens, instead ou being converted Into electricity and distributed in a radius of hundreds of miles for both domestic and manu- | facturing purposes. * ok x % In further pursuit of the investi- gation of the high cost of living, he savs, it is found that & full dinner for six persons amounts to $1.48 cents. The items are as follows: Gas, 3.3 cents, Swiss steak, 60 cents; escalloped potatoes, 19 cents; spin-| ach, 12 cents; bread or rolls, 9 cents: butter 9 cents; rice pudding, 20 cents; the party cannot afford to tie up with the wets; that the south and the west will not tolerate anything approach- ing wetness in the national - plank. It is pointed out that in national con- ventions the south and the west fur- nish the leaders who have most in- fluence in the convention through their long service in Congress and the national leadership. Their ad- vice in the councils of the party, their probable majority on the com- mittee on resolutions, which must frame the plank in the heginning, are expected to outweigh the enthusiasm of the wets from New England, New York, New Jersey. Pennsylvani nois and Wisconsin. * kK ¥ % In this connection the eurrent number of the weekly publication nf the board of temperance, prohibition and public morals of the Methodist Church carries an article under the caption, “Abe Lincoln to Al Smith,” belng an extract from the speeeh of Abraham Lincoln, September 15, 1838 on the question of supporting th Constitution of ‘the United States. It is presumed to rest upon the D hat Gov. Smith In signing the repeal bill weakened support of the Constitution. Mr. Lincoln is quoted as saying: What do you understand by sup- porting the Constitution of a state or the United States? I8 it not to Eive such .constitutianal help ta the rights. established by that Constitu- e may be Dractically needed? Can you, if you swear to support the Congtitution and believe the Consti- tution establishes a right, clear your oath without giving it support? Do you support the Constitution if knowing or believing there is a right established under it which needs spe- cific legislation, you withholdi tha. legislation? Do vou not violate an disregard your oath? I cap coneeive of nothing plainer in the world There can be nothing in the word: ‘sypport the Constitytion’ jf you may run counter to it by refusing suppori o -gry-Tight- e ed - undes—the Censtitution.” cream, 10 cents; sugar, 8 cents. No allowance is made for coffee or any other drink. % % % Swiss steak? Would ham- burger answer the same purpose? “Swiss steak” s Swiss for “round.” As the late JamesJ. Hill remarked, it is not the high cost of living that crushes, but the cost of high living. That meal eosts 25 cents a person. “8ix persons” is ynscientifically vague. Six day laborers, working outdoors, demand twlee as many calories as six indoor idlers or brain workers. * ¥ ok x Dr. Wyer does not compute the whole day's ration, but has taken single meals, as compiled by the bureau of home economics, Depart- nem of Agrieultyre. Hence no hun- reader neea be dismayed at haing the simple dinner costing 25 cents a person. The best Army ra- tion costs only 30 cents, and that means all that & husky man in active exercise requires in a day. In fact, the Quartermaster Corps reports that in many camps the cost of the ration is only 27 cents. Officers are allowed §0 cents & ration, when they supply their own rations, in lieu of get- ting supplies from the subsistence. In the several encampments pre- yared for training camps it is neces- sary to depend on local markets for Supplies and buy_in comparatively small quantities. This includes fresh vegetables and fresh meats. The quartermaster department has made a scientific study of that &pecial sub- sistence problem and, even under those conditions, more nearly paral- leling house economics, the ration, with an astonishingly attractive and varied menu and quantity for active 45 cents & day. A “ration" Why “hree meals. LS T SR During the war, rations delivered it the front, in Franee, cost the \merican Army between 55 and 60 :ents, and nem. the eost is enly halt | that. While the Army has been able | apprectably | charged | the profit of some is of the to cvt the cost of food one the armistice, what reductio individual civillan enjoyed? Certai: Iy the cost of food has not gone d outside the Armv, ¢ shington ¥ix 5 the Quartermaster the writer that the sells its most excellent bre: officers (or enlisted f the latter want any) at 3 cents a pound loaf, and he adds nd the Army does not sell from a charity standpoint. Th i6 all it costs to produce it, plus 10 per cent for handling.” Yet the same offic. ireported that the bakery near his hon. 10 cents a loaf. *xivk pecially in W An Corps Army to officer in informs The Army is not paying its bakers union wages, but regular “pay of the army"—$¥. a day. Neither does the Army have overhead expenses—rents taxes and intehest and wear and tear {on maehinery—to compute But eliminating all lubor cost and the 10 per cent which the Army adds to actual cost. its expense to produce a Joaf of bread appears to he abou' 2 1-2 cents for the ingredients. T that add union amounting {about 25 per ce £ a cent a loaf, the bakers' cost, aside frc overhead, appears to be about cents for what now retails at from % 1o 10 cents. One large firm is sell ng high-quality bread at retail for 5 eents, =0 it seems that “overhead™ must come between the ent cost of ingredients with union labor. and the retail price of 5 cents. Perhaps “velvel | kina,” suggests the officer. * % x The officer explains that less response in Washington to the fluctuations of prices elsewhere th {in other cities, because most buye |in Washington are neither very po nor very rich, but are living on gov ernment saluries, which do not flu. tuate. Therefore the market charges such buyers “all the traffic will bear and as their own salaries run alony evenly they do not know that marke prices “hurt.” This explanation come: from an officer very close (o th prices paid in the subsistence depast ment of the Quartermaster Corps. H knows. 4 x ¥ It has been stated by experts tia: it costs more to feed a child properly than to feed an active working man not because the child eats more, but because a child'’s proper food should include milk rather than the heating ingredients of an adult's ration Dietitians have much to teach the average mother in demonstrating that the child eannot thrive on the same diet as uits the grown-up. Washington parents of children in school have been receiving cards fron the teachers from time to time during the last year. The cards tell their tale without reading—a record of the physical condition of the undernour ished child who has been receivin milk, and sometimes crackers, from the school. "W all right.” “Blue —won't do." ed—danger ahead The feeding has been done under supervision of the chief medicul officer. Dr. Joseph Murphy, and no less than 13,674 children of the el mentary schools have profited hy it ks . There has been a great revival of Interest in the prehistoric man within the last few years. Probably th most distinguished anthropologist of America is Dr. -Ales “Hrdlicka of the Smithgonian Institution. Dr. Hrd licka {s planning to head a travelin school of explorers in anthropolo, all graduate students—on a tour o England and other parts of Burope this summer. This is known as the American School of Prehistoric Btudies in Europe, established b neveral universities acting in mu- tual co-operation with the American Anthrepological Society *® % % ¥ 1t is not clear to the practical lay- man—perhaps not even to the in- ventor of the electric light and othe modérn instruments of civilization— just what geod it is to become ac- quaintéd with the secial-ideals of Mr, Pithecanthropus Erectgs, but some. how, it appeals to one’s imagination. He lived in Java in the early days of the Pleistocene era—before = Mr. Bryan ran the first time. He was lost for -several years, bul was reintro- duced into good society by one Dus bois, In 1894. Bome say he was a pre- human ape man—the “eldest inhabi- tant.” He could give pointers to the weather bureau about the changing climate. Ice was cheaper then than t now. Possibly Mr. Hrdlicke will invite Mr. Pith to come to Washs ington, if Imml‘r-uen laws permit, and explain the high cost of ice._