Evening Star Newspaper, June 5, 1923, Page 6

G,”fl THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY +....June 5, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES.......Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsyivania Ave. New York Office: 150 Nasunu St. Chicago Offca: Tower Rullding. Buropean Office: 16 Regent St., London, England, The Evening Star, with the Sunday morniog ediclon, I« delivered by carrlers within the clty 8t 60 cents per month: daily only, 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents per month. Or- dors may be rent by mail. or telephone Main 8000, " Collection is wade by carricrs at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $8.40; 1 mo., 70¢ Daily only 1yr., $6.00 Sunday only -1yr., §2.40; 1 mo,, 20¢ All Other States. Daily and Sunday Daily only Sunday only 85¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press {s exclusively entitled fo the use for republication of all news dis- atches cre o It o Dot otherwise credited n this ‘paper and also the local mewn pub: lished herein All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. e The Shrine Bands. Washington's Music week closed Saturday, only to be quickly repeated. For this is Music week again, with the capital resounding to the notes of the greatest number of bands that it has ever entertained, even in the old times of big inaugura- tion parades are these bands that furnish strains for the marching Shriners merely numerous. They are good bands as well. Most of them are large organizations. Some of them comprise far above one hundred musi- cians each. The average is well above annual o the usual marching music unit in size. | These Shrine bands are, moreover, generous in their renditions. They play because their members like music and like to give pleasure. They have, dur- ing the past two days, been going about, when not on parade, giving im- promptu concerts at street corners and in buildings. wherever an audience was assured—and where, indeed, has an audience been lacking in this city during these past forty-eight hours or £0?—simply for the love of offering music pleasure Furthermore, these Shrine bands are not only big, but they render ex- cellent music. Their repertoires range widely, from the m of tunes to the classic equipped with the best of instruments. ! Indeed. in this the music units of the Shrine are like other features of that great organization. The best is none too good for them. Few realize as these splendid musi- cal organizations go swinging down the streets of Washington that their membel re all of the order itself, and that the great majority of them are not professional musicians, but play their instruments for the love of music and for the good of the order. They are business men and profes- sional men, not amateurs in the sense of being beginners and feeble perform- | ers, but not professionals in the sense of making music their means of liveli- hood. And, best of all, these bands are good to look upon. Their brilliant cos- tumes. blending perfectly with the scene of gayety, are most attractive. Some of their drum majors are joys to the eye. Their spirit is an added joy to | the beholder, for they march and play as if they relished every step and note—which, indeed, they do. vashington has suffered sorely from poor marching music in the past, but this week it is reveling in the best. and it is well repaid for all its labors of many weeks in preparation for the big gathering by this one item alone, if it were necessary or desirable to select a single feature of the affair for note as a recompense. Simon Wolf. Simon Wolf was a citizen of whom ‘Waghington was proud. A resident of this city for more than sixty of his| eighty.six vears of life, he was closely identified with its activities. He was, however, as well known nationally as locally, for he had for many years been associated with work for the al- leviation of the sufferings of the poor and unfortunate people. both of his own race and religion and others. He gave generously of his means, his time and his talents in their aid. Interna- tionally, as well, Mr. Wolf had scored @ record, serving in an important ca- pacity in Egypt as representative of the United States at a time of peculiar difficulty and in circumstances to win him high credit. In Washington Simon Wolf was, during the years of his more abundant energy, greatly concerned in every- thing that made for the advancesent of the capital. He was an indefatigible worker for tiie betterment of local conditions. He served on organizations of his fellow citizens in all good works. He was keenly appreciative of the op- portunity ¢ the District to become a model municipality. Always, however, his chief concern was for the rescue of the less fortunate of people from the distress of poverty and disease, and his name is scrolled high on the rec- ords of benefactors. Annually for a good many vears the occasion of Simon Wolf’s birthday has been celebrated by his friends and fel- low citizens, and the mounting score of these anniversaries has been a mat- ter of pride to his friends. Last Oc- tober the eighty-sixth milestone was passed and appropriately marked, with a prospect of many additions to the record. But the health of this veteran of an active and useful life then began to fail and death has now come, to drawn on by the regular population to such an extent that the condulit is put to the top notch of its ability to keep them full. Every one in town knows | all this, and great gangs of men are at work building a second conduit from Great Falls and immense reservoirs are to be constructed. The Washington water supply is to be so increased that when the work is done we shall probably hear no more of a water shortage until Washington has passed the million mark in popula- tion. But just now there 1s need for econ- omy in the use of water. No water famine impends, and no one is to be asked to cut down his drinking sup- ply or go without a bath. There will be water enough for everybody, even if we have several days as hot as Sun- day was. However, there should be no waste of water. For several days we have been using filtered Potomac water at the rate of something like 70,000,000 gallons a day, and during the re- mainder of the week it is likel¥that we will use more. The superintendent | of the water department says that he anticipates no trouble this week when the visiting throng will be at its height, but he requests economy on the part of householders. One of the economies urged is in watering lawns. it is asked by the water department that householders shall not use the garden hose in the middle of the day, but that lawn wa- tering be carried on between 5 and 8 oclock in the morning and evening. It is set down that this rule should be followed even after the Shrine folds its tents and treks away and through- out the remainder of the summer. It is a very easy thing to do, and the lawns and flower beds need never feel a pang of thirst. The Garden of Allah. Last night a great multitude thronged through the “Garden of Al- lah,” which is that part of Washing. ton immediately north of the White House, the Treasury and the War De- partment. Today the parade of the uniformed bodies of the Shrines marches through it, after passing along the “Road to Mecca.” which is Pennsylvania avenue. Although the {rare beauty of this region, trans- formed by structures and paint into a {space of exotic attractiveness, is | doubtless fully appreciated, it may be { doubted if the majority of those who | have seen it. by day or by night. real- lize the care and thought bestowed fupon it or the scrupulous detail with ! which the scheme has been evolved. | The chief thought in the designing lof the “Garden of Allah” has been !lhal the art of the west and of today sprang from Egypt. There center the | features that make the land of the Pharaohs to differ in respect of art ifrom all other parts of the world. | There are to be found in their purity the distinctive colors of the eastern edge of the great African desert. There are the sphinxes, crouching guardians of the tombs and temples. There are the columns of rich beauty of design and embellishment, three dif- ferent types, all faithfully reproduced from the examples found in Egypt. There are the architectural lines, re- flected in the grandstands that mark the Egyptian structures. In little details that possibly only tistic uniformity evidenced. For ex- ample, atop each small flagstaff is a lotus flower, a predominant item in Egyptian decoration. And it is to be noted that nowhere in the Garden of Allah is the national flag displayed save at the crowning point of all, over the center of the stand where the President reviews the parade. And there it is detached from all other col- ors and floats supreme and independ- ent, while beneath it glow the primary colors that, combined, make up the national emblem. There is material for long study and much instructive observation in this short space of two city blocks which has been given the significant and at- tractive title of the “Garden of Allah." Back of these quickly erected frames lies a work of months of thought and preparation. The pity is that it must all go. So artistic and scientific a creation should be given permanent form, somewhere in Washington, in one of the parks, perhaps, as a souvenir of a great occasion and as an aid to instruction. —_——— A Jersey seacoast town that raised the flaming cross is doubtless being observed with interest for information as to whether summer resorts will find Ku Klux demonstrations desirable as extra added attractions. —_— The action of Switzerland in legaliz- ing home-brew makes it seem probable that the Swiss have discovered a bet- ter set of recipes than any of those utilized in this country. ————eeee A slight shower on Sunday night in- spired a reasonable hope that the weather man spilled the last raindrop so as to make Washington safe for Shriners. XKeeping the Flag Afloat. Failure of the expected bids for pur- chase of the Shipping Board's fleet to materialize has not daunted the spirit of the board. It must have been.a great disappointment to the men who are trying to solve the exceedingly dif- ficult problem of disposition of the fleet now owned by the government when Commissioner Lissner reported yesterday that only three or four promising bids remain. He had been to New York in conference with ship- sadden the community and to close a career that has been in.all respects honorable and useful. —————————— Hot asphalt makes a very goad sub- stitute for the hot sands frequently mentioned by marching Shriners. Water Conservation. 'The weather is warm, as everybody knows, and the population of the city has been increased, which is aleo & fact that everybody knows. The old conduit, which is the only one bring- ing water from the Potomac at Great Falls to the city, is working at ca- pacity. It is doing all it can, and rea- ping interests. When thus confronted by a situa- tion which held out practically no hope for the sale. of the ships and the creation of new trade routes, the Ship- ping Board did the only thing possible in the circumstances. It resolved to operate ships under it own direction. Presideit Harding. has assured the country that the American merchant marine will be kept afloat if it is pos- sible to do so. He pointed out to Con- gress’'a way to operate economically, but Congress refused the bonus neces- sary to carry out his plan, which had been devised by the Shipping Board. The Shipping Board has now re- solved to proceed with direct govern. a few eyes detect is the fidelity to ar- | world-trade routes. To this end & com- mittee consisting of Chairman Lasker and Commissioners O'Connor and Thompson was created yesterday to map out administrative plans. After Mr. Lasker's retirement his place on the subcommittee will be taken by the new chairman, Edward P, Farley. This committee is to present to the Shipping Board a plan “with a view to the formation of such companies or organizations to-be owned and con- trolled Ly the Shipping Board as it may ascertain to be necessary for the purpose of operating sufficient vessels to fully cover trade routes under the American flag consonant with the greatest possible . economy and ef- ficiency in direct government opera- tion.” It will cost the government, to be sure, but the flag will be kept afloat. Better Homes and Better Roads. President Harding yesterday, speak- ing on two different occasions in this city, urged upon the American people better homes and better roads. One of these occasions was the dedication of the model of the “Home, Sweet Home" of John Howard Payne, inspiration of his immortal song, and the other was the dedication of the “‘zero milestone, from which all distances from the Na- tional Capital are to be measured here- _atler. These two American needs are re- lated, and the nation is to be praised ! that they are on the way to accom- | plishment. The average home in this | country is far improved over that of half a century ago, and the average American road is infinitely better than that of the same period back. “Better homes” means more than more artistic architecture. It means better sanitation, greater comfort and more attractiveness. A better home may not cost more than its predeces- sor, save for the higher cost of con- struction at present, but it will have more in it to hold the family together, | which is the chief purpose of @ home. The better roads make for better liv- ing. They may take the family out touring. but if the home is attractive and comfortable it draws back to it all who fare forth for pleasure or on busi- ness. The good road has come, or is com- ing rapidly. There are parts of the country where it 18 not yet known as a physical fact. But the residents of those parts are impatient with their poor highways and are working hard to improve them. The government is aiding. The states are active. The counties are hustiing. The boroughs and townships are scraping and roll- ing. Altogether it may be said that the good road has arrived. Some of the motor cars that started out bravely from the west to make Washington for Shrine week had to turn back because they could not navi- gate the mud of the rain-soaked roads | west of the Mississippi. That should | not be. And the day will come, per- | haps within a decade, when there will | be no such danger anywhere in this country save in the back lanes of in- frequent communication. With good roads the American peo- ple can all go visiting. from one “bet- ter home” to another. Good roads make for wider acquaintance. Better homes make for stronger family life. | In these two particulars the American People are blessed above the average of the human family, but there is room i yet for improvement. ‘ —————— H The previously respected Mississippi man who on his death bed confessed to four murders is beyond the reach of allenists who might be_ interested in learning whether he was only raving in gross self-injustice. —_————— Requests for a definite democratic stand on the league of nations con-| tinue to arise in spite of the fact that very eminent democrats thought they had attended to all that long ago. —_——— The chief objection to medicinal liquor lies in the fact that so much of it is the kind that the noble redman and the modern scientist would agree on as “bad medicine.” ————— As a world favorite among conven- tion cities the United States capital is gaining valuable experience this week | in the entertainment of assembled multitudes. ———— A brass band appears to get peculiar enjoyment in marching down Penn- sylvania avenue in a parade that has no politics in it. SHOOTING STARS. De river goes a-gleamin’ An’ a.singin’ sof’ an’ low, Whar de sun is brightly streamin” Or de starlight is aglow; A thrill goes gently through you As you shet yoh eyes an’ find De breeze a-talkin’ to you An’ a-sayin’, “Never mind!" Like yoh mammy useter press you All forgivin’ to her breast, Dis o’ world seems to caress you Like yoh ways was all de best. An’ you loses yoh misgivin® As you hears de voice so kind ‘Talkin’ 'bout de good of livin’ An’ a-whisperin’, ““Never mind.” Off the Key. | There was a man of earthy mood ‘Who chilled enthusiastic glee By asking questions rather rude, All practical, but off the key. ‘We warbled of the blossoms bright That love the sunshine and the shower. Ssid he, “The roses are all right, But how about the caulifiower?” Of the melodious birds of spring ‘We caroled lightly now and then, Till he inquired, “Why don’t you sing About a rooster or a hen?” Unto a picture he drew near. He almost made the artist faint. He sald, “'Twould take you long, fear To give a house a coat of paint.” Thou man of practical design! In wisdom's way your footseps run! 1 sonebie men will ‘ask no more of it.| ment operation of sufficient vessels to | And yet, oh, honored friend of mine, ‘The reservoirs of the capital are being Keep the American flag afloat on all You surely miss & lot of fun! Unusual Immigration of the Irish Into Scotland BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. There are no two nationalitieg which, in spite of their racial af- finities, have less in common than the Scotch and the Irish, and while the immigration of the Scots, with their thrift and industry. into the northern provinces of the Emerald isle, has contributed enormously to the prosperity and development of Erin, it cannot be denied that their antagonism with their fellow cit- izens of true Hiberntan stock—that is to say, with the major portion of the population—has been responsible for the difficulties of government and for the internal dissensions which have disturbed the land sacred to St Patrick for hundreds of years past, especially since the reign of Queen Elizabeth. In view of this the astonishing im- migration of the Irish into Scotland ix exciting attention and even alarm. Indeed, it has formed the subject of very serlous discussion on the part of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland at Edinburgh, which has just been in its annual sessfon under the presidency of Lord Erskine in his viceregal capacity as lord high com- missioner for King George. This encral “Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which meets each spring, is the nearest approach that exists to any indenendent Scottish parliament Its decisions are regarded as an ex- pression of the national will of the northern kingdom. and the period of its fortnightly s=essions forms the Teight of the court and soclal season of the northern metropolis. . * % k¥ The assembly resolved that fncumbent on the Scottish people to consider before it is too late the grave situation in their native land and to devise means which, while they do no injustice to the Irish peo- ple whom they allow te come Into their country. will preserve Scotland for the Scottish race. and secure to future generations the traditions, ideals and faith of a great people un- spoiled and inviolate.” TIndeed. fears were expressed at the general as- sembly at Edinburgh that Scotland was becoming more Irish than Scotch According to the reports presented to the assembly. the great industrial de- velopment of Scotland In the latter part of the nineteenth century. especially in the region around Gla gow, a demand for cheap lahor arose und crowds of Irishmen from the central and southern part of the Emerald isle emigrated with their families to Scotland. and then In- vited their relations and friends. TIn Glusgow and in the counties of Lan- ark. Dumbarton. Renfrew. in North Ayrshire and West Stirling almost every third person is Irish. The Irish population in Scotland is increasing by leaps and bounds. During the last twenty years the Irish increase In the northern kingdom has bheen 33 per cent,_and the Scottish only 8 ParPent ™ i 1S, SEatt Pidraas” of pepuiation in was six and a half times as great as the Scottish increase. The assembly accepted the findings of itx committees that. “whenever the Irish population reaches a certain proportion in any community in Scotland the tendency of the Scottish population is to leave as quickly as possible.” The disinclination of the Scots to work alongside and live among Irish. as well as the very natural partiality of Irish foremen for employing Irishmen, and the diffi- culty of bringing about any fusion of the two races—as In Ireland—is having the result of rendering many areas of the large citles, of the towns and of the villages of Scotland ex- clusively Irigh. and the asserb foresees the impending Irish domina- tion of the great industrial plain of Scotland, stretching from Glasgow “it is !the west to Dundee and to Edinbur in the east o ow This incursion of the Irish. and es- pecially of the Irish working man, | into Scotland in such a wholesale fashion is rendering more acute than ever the racial antagonism. The Scotch see their racial supremacy in their native land—in the land of their fathers—serfously in danger. and the loss of their control of the industrial and wealth producing Parts of their country. They ask whether the Trish would welcome the invasion of a mil- lion of Scotchmen into the countles around and to the south of Dublin. or whether the English people would receive with open arms a few millions of Poles in the industrial areas of Yorkshire, Staffordshire and Lanca- shire. Of course, the question arises as to where the Scots are going. after being thus, to all intents and pu The TN | SCodiana | Raises Racial Issue poses, driven out of their native land. It would appear that they are emi- grating to the colonies in unprece- dented numbers, more especially to Canada, where, being possessed of small ‘capital “and industrial and thrifty habits, they make most de- sirable and welcome settlers. While on the subject of Scotland, it may be mentioned that there is the cabinet at Downing street a sec- retary of state for Scotland, the executive of the crown and govern- ment for the northern kingdom. His officlal residence in London is Dover House at Whitehall, just about where the two Horse Guards on their su- perb chargers stand as the sentinels !through the livelong day, a familiar spectacle to every transatlantic tour- Parliament street into the Mall and Bird Cage Walk. It was buflt in 1774 for Sir Mat- thew Featherstonhaugh and then oc- cupled by Sir Jeffery Amherst, whose memory 1 cherished in song and in name by the students and alumni of ithe . Massachusetts University of | Amherst. He vacated the .mansion for the royal Duke of York, then at the head of the British army. Not- withstanding its superb domed en- trance hall' and the majestic grand stairease, he was not satisfied with hiy abode there, and he complained to Viscountess Melbourne that he longed for the possession of a house like hers in Piccadilly. She declared, in reply. that she would welcome the opportunity - of looking onto James' Park .from the windows of his house every morning when she jarose. and that she would willingly jexchange the chimes at night of St. James' Church in Piccadilly for those of Westminster Abbev At first this proposed exchange was regarded is ality. The Duke of York handed over hie house, with all its furniture and content. to Lord Melbourne, who, on his part. turned over his mansion in Piccadilly to the duke. The titles of the two mansions were simul- taneously transp d Lord Mel- bourne's house in Piccadilly became York House, and now, converted into bachelors’ chambers, has been known for many decades past as the Albany. while York House at Whitehall be- came Melbourne House. and retained that name until it became the home of Lord Dover. by whose name it is still known today. * o ox % Lord Stradbroke, whose daughter. Lady Pleasance Rous, has just mar- ried in the little Scotch mining vil- lage of Staine, in Lanarkshire, Owen McKenna. the wireless operator on board the passenger liner which wis bringing her back from Melbourne to England, is the daughter of the 25.000- ar-governor of the Aus- tralian state of Victoria, father of a very numerous family of chil- dren and head of the hi folk house of Ross. Lord Stradbroke. third earl of his line. who has given his consent to this culmination of his daughter's shiphoard romance, even S e T and 1 e o driver of the mining o | ing the coal mines at Staine. in Lan- | arkshire, was a frequent visitor to America prior to the great war, with his very handsome wife, who wns { known until her marriage as “Bab: | Fraser.” in spite of her tallness. only daughter of the late Gen. Sir Keith Fraser, inspector general of cavalry. Lady Stradbroke is a particular fa- vorite of Queen Alexandra, as a grand- daughter of the latter’s intimate friend, the lute Mme. de Falbe. and the widow- ed queen is alto godmother of Lord ny oporat- heir, Vircount Dunwich. Lord Stradbroke's ancestral home in stately park environing it i= a very an- cient and hollow _tree in which his an- cestor, Sir John Rous. the cavaller, was hidden and fed by his wife, the lovely Elizabeth Knyvett. as long as the Roundheads 6f Cromwell. who made | their headguarters mt Henham Hall Were searching for him in the surround- ine district. In the early part of the following century his grandson. Sir Robert Rous, and other kindred Jacobite spirits. used to meet around this tree and drink to “the king over the water.” namely, King James III. as th styled him, aithough known in English his- tory as ‘“‘the Old Pretender.” Perhaps the most widely known mem- ber of the Rous family in moderfi times was the late Admiral Henry John Rous. who was a midshipman on Nelson's flagship Victory at Trafalgar. and whose name is still remembered in the sporting world as the greatest racing man of his day. He was for half a_century a pillar of the English Jockey Club and the acknowledged arbiter of society and of the London great world in all questions of sport and honor. He rep- | resented .Westminster for over three | decades in the house of commons, where | his racy and amusing speeches are still remembered. EDITORIAL DIGEST Christianity in Business and the Twelve-Hour Day. The speech which Judge Elbert H. Gary made the other day to the American Iron and Steel Inetitute declaring at one and the same time the need of Christianity in business and the inexorability of the twelve- hour day In steel making, lacks as much in convincingness as it does.in consistency, as the press of the coun- try analyzes it. Editors are entirely agreed that business needs to follow Christian course,” them take sharp issue with Judge Gary as to whether the long workday is either Christlan or necessary. In fact. In the announcement of the head of the steel corporation that the three-shift plan ‘is wholly im- practicable because of labor shortage, not a few writers find a trail leading back directly to Gary's well know attitude on restriction of immigra- tion. They therefore ‘scent propa- ganda in the speech that President Harding declared “disappointing,” The President's disappointment, says the Christian Science Monitor, “is a reflection of the thought of the Agnerican people as a whole, for the twelve-hour day is recognized-on ail sldes, committee roports to the con- trary notwithstanding, * * ¢ as being harmtul to the nation,” and the Boston paper feels that “somehow,” the stand against the eight-hour day and the “plea for a turning toward Christian fundamentals in businé = * * ‘do not harmonize.” There are, nevertheless, a few voices raised in behalf of Judge Gary and the com- mittes report, and even in defense of the twelve-hour day. “If the twelve- hour steel worke: prefer to stay where_they are, rather than to take eight-hour jobs in other industries that are waiting for them,” the ingfield Union considers it fair to sume that the case is not so seri- Gutrer holas . n Cincinnati Enquirer .holds Ti® romains (o Dbe proved that twelve-hour day is really harmful/’ and that it is, moreover, “a great economic necessity, following _the curtailment of the supply of common labor, and to a large extent of thi supply of skilled labor, by the oper: tion of the immigration law: But this “labor shortage” argu- ment strikes most writers as “shifty casuistry,” as one editor puts it. It might conceded, the New York Tribune grants, that “this year, with its boom production and labor shortage, is an unfavorable hour in which to make an o’unln shift ‘;n ‘workin edules in 1t - Bastr: bt 1t recalls wmet had for the asking,” and it ::qnuu. but most of | | with the Philadelphia Public Ledger. | “why wasn’t the change made then?" | Eighteen months ago, the Leuger | says, “there was a great labor sur- plus. It would have been easy then to take in all the workers needed out of the ranks of the millions of | jobless.” That fact. added to the | fact that during the years of agitation for the three-shift plan_ In._steel mills, “other employars of labar. faced with the same problems of continuous operation. have man- aged to rearrange their schedules.” givee the Philadelphia Bulletin “the impression that the impotence of the steel industry is a matter of | will rather than-ef eircumstance.” Commenfing—-upon Judge Gary's recommendation “‘of the Christian re- ligion as, @ cure for the ills of the world,” in-‘the same address which killed the thope of ‘an eight-hour day in the mills, the New York Evening World ' assures -the steel magnate that.as a Curistian revivalist he is a flat fallure.” Only occa- sionally, t paper goes on to say, “can one man -deliver a Harder blow to organized. religion,” for In this “damning parallel of —wpnl and deed,” whicl “was too obvious to be missed,” thousands of readers, “in all reverence and with absolute con- viction.” would draw conclusions “somewhat after this fashion: ‘Well, if the twelve-hour day is a religious principle, then God make me a here- tic’” 1In fact, the Manchester Union adds, “the head of the Steel Corpora- tion is unwittingly making it harder for religious leaders to convince the average workingman that religion really can do much for him.” - Not- ing that Gary_ oollapsed before his speech was concluded, the Baltimore Sun suggests that “had the incl dent happened in. medleval time: there would have been many to see in it the finger of God, halting a hypoerisy, perhaps unconscious, which might 'have been characterized as near to blasphemy.’ “Until he cleans up labor condi- tions in the United States Steel Cor-. poration,” the Roanoke World-New: advises Judge Gary “to avoid dis- cussion of the importance of follow- ing ‘a’ Christian course,’” and the paper finds no suggestion in the re- port of the s men that “the in- dustry - would abandon the twelve- hour day even if labor were plenti- ful.” Rather, .the Utica Press sus- pects’ that in view of Gary's recent discussion’ of Immigration restrio tions, this plea of labor shortage in connection with the long workday, “is, in effect, if not in intent, & move to enlist those who seek an ‘eight- hour y on the -side of those who urge greater freedom in immigra- tion.’ The Buffalo News is more emphatic on this point. The steel in- dustry, it notes, “wants men with strong backs and little welght above the neck to work in their plants” ‘and the paper thinks “they are going Srate in unliniied. queniitine ue quantities by s that -the % ety ity . of! establishing £ — AORrel vents them e Slgnt hour days in | iist in London, at the entrance from | 2 Joke, but ultimately it became re- | toric Suf-| and Lady Stradbroke's eldest son and | Suffolkshire is Henham Hall and in the fedge of human nature: i janism of an entire country may con- | haps an even greater effect, of secur- and i 1ife as the world has ever seen.” | o A L b nn et ton, NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM INDUSTRIAL AMERICA IN THE WORLD WAR. Grosvenor B. Clarkson. Houghton Mifflin Com- pany. A great story. The story of that agency which, behind the lines in the world war, made possible the ulti- mate victory of the fighting lines themselves. A unique story, also, since it presents the only case in all history of a country drafting the en- tire body of its industry to war serv- ice, as did the United States in 1917 and 1915. Unique, too, in that it traces the rise and surpassing serv- ice of that new order of knight- errant, the twentieth century “dollar- a-year man,” produced in this coun- try by the exigencies of a world con- flict. The only story of ity kind. as well, in that, the war ended, it offers a model whereby in peace time no less than in war the industrial mech- centrate in organized efficiency upon any single point of national urgency of demand. This is_the story of the War In- dustries Board—the story of its ori- gin and purpose, of its personnel and achievements, The achievementy taken into account here cover pri- marily the immediate end for which the "War Industries Board was created, that of making an allied victory certain and conclusive. And these “achievements include. besides, that equally important effect. per- ing a national unity of spirit au effort that proved to be tremendous potent in putting to shame a thou- sand ugly human traits of selfisnness and cupidity. The story, as a whole largely by implication, portr a tide of national oneness of heart and mind and spirit as not once in a thousand vears will from its nature serve to lift an entire people out of + its immediate and usual preoccupa- tions into a new region of complete self-forgetting in the interest of a world cause. * x ok % In the business man’s economy of speech, Mr. Clarkson at the outset sketches the early mobilization of industry for war, a process stamped by the hurry and confusion and waste inherent in the beginnings of 8o stupendous an undertaking. Lack of authority, lack of vision. lack of any considerable co-ordination led to the disastrously threatening situation that, in time, gave rise to the War In- dustries Board. Of this board, which gTew to be a great industrial machine for cresting and maintaining.supplies for the fighting forces oversea, Mr. Clarkson says: “So gradual was the growth of this mechanism. so gently did it _apply fts powers; so lacking was the authoritative definition of them, so frequently did it request and so rarelv did it commant; so Rumun were its engineers, so careful to protect the essential framework of the national economle strength while straining it to_the utmost: so little e mphasis ar boastful public. TE utea. TRRE But Tew of bur peopic understand even now that the end of the war fouml the United States as complete a military machine through- out its whole Industrial and economic * ¥ ok K ‘The foregoing summary points di- rectly upon the personnel of the War | Industries Board, upon the patriotic | non-partisan spirit of the men com- posing it. upon the business genius that organized and promoted it, gath- ering a thousand dissimilar parts into a_single smooth-working instrument of efficiency, upon their deep knowl- upon their prevision and all-around = sagacity. To each of these men Mr. Clarkson pays high tribute, throwing innumer- able high lights upon the personality and character and high service of the Ternara M. | Baruch. Astonishing. and keenly | stimulation, to realize how much can be done on the basis of courage, sim- plicity, patience and good ability. The author thinks. and he is right. that| the gratitude of the nations should &0 out to the men who won the war behind the lines. Mr. Clarkson add. “and the nations do not even know their names” 'And when the war was over. the inarticulate figur sack suits who directed the outpou ing of American productive powe for war demands did not march up 5th avenue to the cheers of their ad- miring countrymen. Tired. in many cases utterly drained from long effort and depressed reaction, they shut their government desks and trickled back one by one to the old des in the offices of everyday business and industry. Yet it is quite true to state that =upremely able men came to great tasks.” * ok ok These men in their devotion to country and to the world, a devotion turned to solid account by high char- accter, superior ability and business acumen coupled with the power to organize and put through—these men in their great war service fur- nish the keynote of Mr. Clarkson's splendidly dramatic story of the work of the war Industries board. It is a big book. covering the whole range of our industrial and economic life as this was taken over and administered by the war-created agency of sup- plies. Each chapter is big with solid stuff, all bone and sinew. One of these shows how $15.000,000.000 was spent In war service. Another one describes the process of ‘“reducing American surplus tissue.” One show: how “rubber and leather go to wa: and one pictures war in the “nitrates and potash sector. There are other chanters, many of them. equally sig- nificant in heading. And each of these is as dramatic in effect as it i in substance. packed with facts b longing to the war period that every American should know, and which, one_believes, every American would be only too glad and proud to know, glad to make open acknowledgment of the high service of these their countrymen. : EREE Here is a big book, crowded to the lids with matter of tremendous im- port, peate matter as well as war matter. The material for it must, at the outset, have appeared overwhelm- ing in quantity and superficial aiver- sity. As it stands here, this mate- rial has been organized to a pictorial clarity of effect. It reads in the straight swift movement of all great events—reads, as we have come to say for want of a clearer phrase, like a classic, marching in a clean line of simplicity, despite its enormous complexity of theme. Two years went into the making of this book— two years of gathering and sifting and testing material. two years for setting the rich drama of the whole and for proving its complete right- ness and authenticity. And now what is going to be done with the great book Oh, yes; to,be sure, the future historian along particular lines will fly to it as instinctively as the bee files to the white clover or the red. But that s not enough, not half enough, nor a third. Now that the book has been put together so com- letely, 8o splendidly. it ought to be i apart again. Why? Well, be- cause so many useful and desirable things get hidden away in books. People, lots of people, ought to be in close touch with innumerable stories that this book has to tell. Growing boys and girls ought to have it Hurrled business men ought to have it. In a word, it ought to serve the general purpose for which it is so admirably fitted and not be left to the common deadness of the history books. If I were Mr. Clarkson, as g::lle spirited and as gifted as this| k proves him to be, 'l:tr“.—\'. Iwe were born; CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS The billion-dollar bid for the mer- chant marine vessels, which Chair- man Lasker characterized as a “sum- mer dream,” promises to be more than that. It may prove to be the latest version of the “biter bitten" or the great advertised outbid at his own game. The bid amounts to more than three times the total appraisal value of the vessels, but Mr. John W. Slack of Sflver Creek. N. Y., is en- thusiastically commended by the Sil- ver Creek paper for having put the town on the map. Who ever heard of Silver Creek un- til it entered the billion-dollar class? His name is Slack, but not his wit. He has gotten-nearly a billion dollars’ worth of advertising free, and that is about as much as Mr. Lasker could do, after all his experience at the head of a “judicious” advertising agency. Mr. Slack asserts that if his propo- sition is “a summer dream,” the “sell- ing methods of Chairman Lasker are a nightmare.” That seems to leave psychological honors about even. * % ¥ X The Department of Commerce has been scored for reporting, some months ago. that the world's sugar crop was short. The result of that report, as charged, was the sudden and persistent rise in the price of sugar, and in counter action, the wide- spread boycott of it. “There was a man of our town Who was =0 wondrous wise He jumped into a bramble bush And scratched out both his eyes. “And ul-hen he found his eyes were out, With all his might and main, He jumped into another bush And scratched them in again.” The identity of that jumper has baen settled at last. He is none other than Mr. Herbert Hoover, for now he pro- clalms that the coming sugar crop is to be very much bigger than the crop of last vear. Last year's crop was 20.268.011 short tons.” (That is what made the consumer's supply “short,” t00.) This year's crop will be 20,567.- 2»}.0(%: Cuba will produce this vear, 3,770, o P vear' 3418000 lons. against last vear's The department claims that in view n:ir!tm:hnmm;xmc outlook, as to quan- y. there is no reason for high prices for sugar. e * % ok x But just why when we are getting ready to have two lumps in our cof- fee whers one grew before, hera comes the threat of a coffee famine. Brazilian coffee producers and Amer- ican importers are in a speculative squabble. Brazil refuses to expor America refuses 1o import. and tha consumer is unable o—well, what 001 4 i esy:wdhar_’:«t!no 1umps of SUgAr in an fred. comtne ot Tpotatot ¢ WO THoOYer An Ohio professor of the juvenile research bureau tells us that when Wwe are born we are equipped with a brain which can be developed just so far, and no farther. If, upon ma- turity, we are found to have a brain development not exceeding that of a child of seven years, it s a pity that but, if our brain is equal to an eight-year- = e 500 ght-year-old child e also_indicates something which he had not checked up on. gpt‘:kl;s of the former practice of punishing children if they falled to keep up Wwith their classes. he says. “We are learning differently now.’ From the standpoint of grammatical construction, does that professor rate higher or lower than the deadline of a seven-vear-old child, when he ex- presses himself so lamely? Why not say. “We are learning different now 2 Or"does ne reaily mean thut his own méthod of learning is changed? If so, he is learning “differently,” but if what he learns is different, why not say so? Was it not Michelangelo who de- fined genius as the capacity for in- finite painstaking? Then why dis- courage us ‘“eight-year-old” medi- ocrities, by telling us that by taking thought we can never add even a Answers to Quest Washington for the Shriners |success the cublt to our mentality? Woe to thd man who ceases to grow. * % * % In the reference to the Character Education Institution, which ay- peared in this column a day or two ugo, credit for the endowment of the enterprise was given to the wrong Kellogg. It was not Dr, Kellogg, but the late Spencer Kellogs of Buffalo, N. Y., who has furnished the nucleus of the endowment, together. as stated, with_the late Mr&. Fairchild, wife of Dr. Milton Fairchild, who is develop- ing the work. Only & portion of the million-dollar endowment has been secured, but the promoters are sanguine of the ulti- mate full capitalization. ki The fuel chief harangues a swelter- ing public to “put in coal now.” Is not that cruelty refined? How can any one have the heart to order in tons of heat producer while the thermometér is hugging the 100 de- gree mark? If the tormenter should advise ice cream and electric fans, there would be a sweet reasonable- ness in his advice. But, coal! * ¥ %k x The abolition of unpatriotic his- tories, which is decreed by New York, and the assertion of American liquor laws in Amedican ports, as decreed by the Secretary of the Treasury, combine to make Uncle Sam look as cocky as a red-fezzed Shriner march- ing down the middie of the gayly illum- inated averue. The combination, too, is a twentieth centurv declaration of independence, and maybe that 18 why Old Glory waves so valliantly every- where about the capital. Now bring out your Magna Charta and tell Americans that that is the guaranty of their frecdom! Maybe the revolu- tion was a “mistake,” the war of 1812 lunder.” the Mexican war a “rald.” the civil war victory a gift of Eng- iand to the north, because England had no more use for cotton. Mavbe the moon is green cheese, but this twentieth century declaration of in- dependence will raise the rattlesnake flag, with its inscription: “Don't tread on me’ “The government at Wash- ington still lives.” * % x X Some folks are calling the Zero stone, the Lee stone or the Bankhead highway stone. They seem to think that the Zero stone—that's nothing. Yet, if we believe the Einstein doctrine, the zero is relatively great. Try it on a_$1 check, following the one with plenty of zeros. % The Department of Agriculture pro- poses to experiment with lighter- than-air balloons, motorized so &s to make them dirigible, for the pur- pose of spraying poisonous dust over territory infected with leaf-eating in- §ects It 13 belleved that by this Imethod forests can be spraved much more economically than in an WIS FRedepiriment nas ‘us [ planes in spraving cotton fie this use of dirigible balloons 1S new. If the experiment demonstrates its method will be used on a broad scale. * K X x The use of milk in America is growing with astonishing rapidity. As milk contains the vitamins need- ed for vigorous health, this increased consumption is hailed as a good thing. In 1921 the quantity of whole milk consumed was 99,000,000,000 pounds or an average of 945 pounds per person. Of this total 49,000,000,000 pounds were used as milk, the rest in butter, cheese, milk chocolate or some other mixture or deriative. The consumption of this milk chocolate increased from 40,000,000 pounds in 1921 to 100,000,000 pounds in 1 ere 1n = cow for svery four per- sons of the total popuiation, and they average 4,020 pounds of milk per annum. The cows in 1922 made a net increase of nearly 400.000. We used to buy milk, even in the cities, for 5 cents a quart; now it costs from 12 to 15 cents No wonder the dairy in- terests are picking up; they are lit- n' clover.” (Copyright, 1923, by P. V. Collins.) ions About By Frederic J. Haskin. Q. How many people are employed | by the government in the District.of Columbia?—A. M. A. The last official reports showed that there were 76,541 persons in Washington on the government pay roll. About 66,000 of these are civil service employes. Q. What has been the growth of the population of Washington during the | past hundred years or s0?—B. L. A. Washington has grown from 3,000 in population in 1800 to nearly a half million in 1922. From a strag- gling village it has grown into a great metropolitan city, with beauti- ful homes, magnificent public build- ings, wide avenues, splendid drives and lovely parks Q. Who is Mra Harding’s social secretary?—J. F. A. Miss Laura Harlan, daughter of the late Associate Justice Harlan of the United States Supreme Court, holds this position. Q. What is the width of Pennsyl- vania avenue?’—H. D. i A. At the widest place. Pennsyl- vania avenue is 160 feet wide. North of the White House it is 130 feet wide. Q. Has the Library of Congress ever been burned?—E. L. C. A. _The building which now houses the Library of Congress has never been destroyed by fire. Until 1897, when this building was completed, the library remained in the Capitol. There it was destroyed in 1814 when the Capitol was burned and again in 1851 a fire reduced it to 20,000 vol- umes. Q. How much land in Washington is devoted to parks, reservations, ewc?—R. W. A. Washington has more than 6,000 acres in public parks and reser- vations. Q. Where does Chief Justice Taft live?—C. G. A. He recently purchased the resi- dence at 2241 Wyoming avenue and makes his home there while in the city. His vacations are spent in Murray Bay, Canada. Q. How many automobiles are owned in Washington?’—R. K. A. The total number of licenses issued in the District of Columbia for the fiscal year—from July 1, 1922, and through Saturday, June 2, 1923, was 95,694. Q. Is the Union station a govern- ment building?’—R. S. A. It is not. It is owned by the Washington Terminal Company. This company is composed of all the rail- roads which come into Washington. Q. Is it correct to call Saint Gaudens’ fameus Adams Memorial in Rock Creek cemetery “Grief,” or “Nir- vanah . D. A. Neither of these ideas was in- corporated by the sculptor In this statue. Salnt Gaudens once stated that he meant the figure to symbolize the soul face to face with the greatest of life's l?‘ tions: “If & man die, shall he again?™ iz Q. Has George Washington any living descendants’—B. K. A George Washington had no children, and therefore no lineal des- cendants.. Q. What principal cities desired to secure the National Capital?—M. C. A. The cities whose claims were considered by Congress were: New | York city, Philadelphia, Germantown, Pa.; Baltimore, Md., and Wilmington, Del. Q. For whom was the Waiter Reed Hospltal in Washington named?—D. K. H A. During the American occupation of Cuba, following the war with Spain. Maj. Walter Reed of the United States Medical Corps. demonstrated that both ordinary malaria and deadly vellow fever were spread by the bites of mosquitoes. In recogni- tion of this contribution to medical science the Army hospital in Wash- ngton was given his name. Q. Where is the Jade Fence? A. A. This fence, which is ons of th most beautiful and unusual sights in Washington, is located directly be- hind the god in_ the garden of the Pan-American Union _grounds. It was designed by the architect of the butlding—Mr. Adbert Kelsey. It is not expected that the fence will be completed for several years. At the present time but two of the fifty-four proposed panels have been placed. These were installed during the visit in Washington of President Pessoa of Brazil, in August, 1919. Q. Who paid for the construction of the Washington Monument?—I. D. N. A. This monument was erected at a total cost of $1,187,710.31. Three hun- dred thousand dollars of this was raised by individual free will offer- ings, and the remainder was appro- priated by Congre Q. What is the name of the foun- tain in front of the Library of Con- gress and who designed it?—G. A. A. Roland Hinton Perry was the sculptor of the “Fountain of Nep- tune.” This was one of his earlier works and, while it is vigorous and effective, it is not considered to be as finished and artistic as some of his later efforts. Q. How is the White House kept so white?—J. N. H. A. It is painted about every second year with a paint the formula for which is as follows: White lead, 70 per cent; French white zinc, 30 per cent, and sufficient raw linseed ofl to obtain the proper consistency. This is called White House paint. Q. Where can I see the uniforms worn by George Washington?—0. G. A. The uniforms worn by Gen. Washington and some of the cos. tumes which belonged to Martha Washington are on exhibit in the Period Costume Hall, in the National Museum. This exhibit is on the west side of the bullding. Enter the M seum by the north door, turn to-the right and.the -exhibit 18- one ' | down. — (To be continued tomorrowd Ball |