Evening Star Newspaper, December 15, 1922, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1922. TEE XVENING STAR, With Sundsy Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY......December 15, 1022 . THEODORE W. NO".ES.......Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustoess Office, 11t St. and Pennayivania Ave. New York 1 130 Nawau Bt g0 Office: Tower Bulld! > Py 3 Kuropean Office : 16 Regent !l..lmnlo‘l..ill'llll. ith the Suw rri rdll;hl:nm.d"nlf ers with] At 80 ‘month; Su Star, wi red 'b; nday 20 Aers may be sent by 5000 Collection {s” mad ezd of each moath. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Daily and Sunday..1 yr.. $10. Daily only. Sunday onl Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled tion of all news dis- ited In his paper and alm the locar mews pud- lished herein. All rights of publication of anecial dispatches herein are aiso reserved. — e Debts and Reparations. Bonar Law's statement in the house of commons yesterday that Great Dritain cannot pay what it owes the United States unless Germany, France and Italy pay their debts to Great Eritain puts the question of inter- allied indebtedness on & new basis, so tar as Europe is'concerned, but does not present any convincing reason why there should be a change of at- titude on the part of this government 1n respect to such indebtedness. There never has been any disposition by the American government or the Ameri- ran people to wring from our war debtors money which they did not have. There never has been any thought that executions or writs of attachment would issue from Wash- ington against London or Parls or Rome. Congress has created, and the President has appointed, a commission which is authorized to arrange fund- ing of the debt on terms which our debtors feel are within their respective capacities. If they do not feel that they have any capacity, present or prospective, for paying off the debt, there is no idea of coercing them. They can remain In default or definite- ly repudiate the indebtedness, and we will not go to war to enforce collec- tion. But voluntary cancellation of the indebtedness is another matter. Be- fore the American people will consent to that Europe will have to make a different showing from that which she has made during the last four years. It is conceded that the nations which owe us money are in hot water today. Lut the fires which heated the water were of their own bullding. The war started the trouble, "of course, but very intelligent observer knows that ne course of the nations since the war has aggravated their difficulties.] They have not done the best they| could to help themselves, and as a re- <ult of this failure to do their best it s not been possible for Americans to extend the help which otherwise might have been made available. For example, & huge loan now is rroposed to enable Germany to get on her feet and in position to meet reparations payments, a billion and a half dollars being the figure men- tioned. It is proposed to ratse the lcan in this country, of course, for nowhere else could any considerable | part of it be raised. It is conceded i that as a condition prerequisite to the raising of the loan there must be a Cefinite and practical settlement of the reparations question. It is inti- mated that In order to obtain this loan e nations most directly interested In reparations now are willing to be definite and practical. Had they been | willing to be definite and practical 0 years or three years ago such a loan could have been fldated then much more easily than it could be to- day, for the credit of Europe then i in | employers of labor ! first” reorganization—great savings were effected. One large corporation, it is of record, saved more than §1,- 300,000 & year in the curtailment of plant casualties. So definite has been the economy, to say nothing of the humanity, of the safety procedure in the industrial world, that now no well organized mechanical establishment ls without its safety supervision. | the day when hia children will be old enough to appraise his performances. Such a work as {s desired of Villa ‘would necessarily be of the blood and thunder variety. As & bandit he was strictly of the blood and thunder breed. He probably cut, or directed, many bloody capers. He was a rough rider in the roughest sense of the term, and kept the saddle for a sur- In the service of the Washington | prisingly long time. safety council is a man who has had an extensive experience in this sort of work, having conducted the safety administration of one of the largest in the United States. As executive adviser to the All of this put into the hands of a blood and thunder writerg—Villa him- self could not hold the pen—would make highly exciting reading for peo- ple who like that sort of thing. A best seller could easily be produced, and in council he is in a position to know|this country it would duplicate the ‘how to apply the principles of indus-: success trial safety to the community. In considering Washington as a big certain dangerous conditions to be cbr- rected, just as exposed saws and knives and other menaces to life and 1imb must be safeguarded in the mills. But the users of the plant, the people of the city, must be educated, trained, drilled in safety just as the workmen of a shop or 2 mine have been drilled in the avoidance of dangers. The users of a city plant are of all ages, all occupations. They are walkers and drivers and riders. They are parents and children, motormen and passengers. The educational process for the teaching of safety, as it is taught in the industrial plants, must be spread out over all. Thus the most Important and perhaps the most difcult task of the safety councll is to reach everybody with the lesson of care. The organization that has been effected promises to achieve this re- sult. 1917 and Now. In an address in Boston yesterday before the Women’s Republican Club of Massachusetts Gen, Pershing, tal ing preparedness for his subject, de- scribed the unsettled conditions in the world today, and said that “a war more terrible than the last is openly predicted.” Proceeding then, clare It is surprising that any of our peo- ple should be so simple-minded as to think that complete disarmament on our part would induce other nations to follow. As a matter of fact, we were practically disarmed in 1917, and we were quite alone. And yet there are'men and women— some of them eminent in public affairs —advising that very thing. They seem to have convinced themselves, and are trying to convince others, that the world really desires disarmament, and would gladly follow a leader in that direction. Hence their advice. Let America lead. Let us scrap our Navy, and re- duce our Army to the size of a city police force, and earn the credit for inaugurating at this time and for all time “peace on earth and good will to men." the general de- fied with the name of idea—is an obsession. Such a step, instead of in- | epiring other nations to similar ac- tion, would set us apart as the crank among the nations, and injure us in the opinions of all practical peoples. Disarmament by America is, course, out of the question. The ques- tion is as to the adequacy of our pro- visions for defense: and on that point we should be gulded by the opinions of our trained soldiers and sailors. The Suppli In the matter of the supplies the House is making an excellent record. The bills are being reported out of committee In quick succession and promptly tackled for debate and pas- sage. The promise is that the Senate will receive these bills earlier than usual. As reforms of various kinds are un- der discussion, Congress should insti- tute & much needed reform in dealing with the government's rations. Too much politics, as a rule, is injected into the business. Indeed, the inquiry is fairly propoundable, should politics enter into the business at all? The notion—it ought not to be digni- | of | was much less seriously impaired.| A regular festure of every session And had the European nations then |is the summing up by the party lead- made it possible to obtain such a loan, | ers. The majority is always charged Furope today would be well on the!with extravagance. No matter what way to recovery from the effects of | the figures, they are used by the war, and national self-respect would | minority to indict the majority as a not be put to the ordeal of professing | waster of the people’s money. inability to meet national obligations.; The charge is often unjust, some- The United States is today, and has | times to the point of absurdity. Never- seen ever since the armistice, ready | theless, when made, the charge Is to help Eurcpe in all fair and pract!-| pressed with great emphasis, and cal ways to_get back on her feet; if; much eloquence is employed in the for no other reason than because it is | name of economy. 10 our seif-interest to do so. But the As a matter of fact, the party which American people have kept themselves | when in power should put the govern- fairly well informed as to the course | ment on short commons would go out of events in ‘Europe during the last! of power as soon as the votera could four years, and they are no more|administer the dismissal. At the next rveady today than they have been at/election a change would be ordered, any time in the past to be made the|and the opposition in effect warned *‘goat” of European misadventures. | not to play the part of a cheeseparer —_——eme————— ‘The British labor member of parlia- ment who spoke for one whole hour the other day ought to sit in at a night session of the Senate and get points on protractéd expression. ———e Japan has given Shangtung prov- incé back to China, but American readers of the news are not altogether clear as to who gets it. Making the City Plant Safe. ‘Washington's safety council, just organized on a permanent basis, will ‘proceed to consider this community in the matter of security from accidenta Just es a large industrial establish- ment is regarded. When some years ago the managers of great manufac- turing plants, realizing the tremen- dous waste of energy and loss of money through accidents, undertook to establish safety measures they found it necessary first to correct faults of plant, to safeguard exposed dangerous items of the mechanism and to make everything as far as pos- sible accident proof. Then they set to work to-educate the operatives, to teach them how to use their ma-| chinery safely, how to avold risks, how to coordinate themselves and their machines. This was the more difficult of the two tasks, for mechani- cal faults are more eéasily corrected than human faults. Habits of care- lessness had to be overcome, and habits of care had to be instilled. In every case where this work was undertaken—and - ' practically. every large establishment in the TUnited Siates has now undergone ‘‘safety jany of the present anx!eties regarding at the expense of the greatest nation on earth, charged with the duty of meeting its obligations to itself and to the world at large. ————————— soviet government has Russia’ banned Santa Claus and all repre- sentations of angels on Christmas trees. Perhaps Lenin regards the patron saint of holiday beneficence as a capitalist. e It is a strange fdiosyncrasy of hu- man riature that most motor-car holi- day shoppers have their purchases de- livered, while most street-car shoppers take theirs home with them. ——————————— Preparations for the Shrine conven- tion next Jume are not hampered by ‘Washington's coal supply. In Attractive Light. From Mexico City: Pancho Villa, erstwhile bandit and now a gentleman farmer in the state of Durango, has declined to write his memoirs, although an American pub- lishing comgnnz is sald to have of- fered him $50,000 for the manuscript. Villa is reported to have told the pub- lishers that he has no desire to pe: fers that his children, now small, hear of their father's ex- ploits as a Tancher and benefactor. As 1s recommended in the case of another celebrated personage, let us give this Mexican his due. He appears in this story to excellent advantage. His recent life seems to have de- veloped manhood and genuine merit in him. He wants to stand well with his own flesh and blood. He is think- ing of the future, and building against and the money returns achicved some years ago by the his- tory story of our own Jesse James, m plant, for safety purposes, there are | who, in his way and day, with more limited opportunities than those en- joyed by Villa, made things hum in these United States. —_——— Trains and Postal Congestion. Postal officials are doing their best to handle the tremendous jam of Christmas mail matter, but the rail- roads are not co-operating. This is not due to any lack of wish or spirit of service, but by reason of the condi- tion of equipment and the state of the weather. Mail trains are missing con- nections so frequently that the care- fully arranged sehedules of the post office are thrown out of gear and con- gestion is occurring despite the her- culean efforts of the mail handlers. This is an unfortunate condition, but the situation is not so bad as it would be if the public and the postal executives were not working in the clogest harmony in the matter of early mailing and mail expedition. The mail uvsers have very generally acquired the habit of promptness in putting Christmas packages into the post. If the former degree of delay in mailing prevailed now & congestion would re- sult that would take weeks to resolve. The fact that the mail tralns are not making their schedules and that the carefully expedited mail handling is thereby in large degree set at naught does not justify any slackening on the part of the mafl users in their own promptness of posting. Every package that is delayed a day adds to the findl rush. In all likelihood the train sched- ules will be adjusted in time to permit a full clearance of all accumulated matter in season. However the transportation has failed at this peak of the postal load for the year, it is in order to compli- ment the postal authorities for their provision and skill in handling the enormous volume of Christmas mail matter. —_————————— A woman who was arrested in New Ygk for failing to send her fifteen- year-old daughter to scheo] told the court that she was maintaining her- self and ten children on an income of $8 a week. Students of home economy may profitably Inquire into her methods. ———————————— An Atlantic City horse, indulging in a runaway, was halted by a traffic cop throwing the “stop” signal into view. Perhaps some inventive genius will produce a motor car with as much sense and so contribute to the safety- first endeavor. —_————— New York is now enjoying its an- nual row between the theater owners and the ticket speculators, with the serene consciousness that when the dust has cleared away the cost of Jiv- ing will be just as high as ever. ————————— So long & time was occupled in get- ting & jury in the Herrin mine murder case that it is hard for the public to irealize that the testimony is actually being taken regarding that horror, which took place just six months ago. —— Better street lighting s urged for the protection of pedestrians from mo- tor cars at night, an echo of the tirges when the cry was for more lamps to check highway robbery. —_———————— Germany's economic collapse has become quite as familiar as the fare- well tours of famous divas used to be in the old days. ———————————— Mussolinl, back in Rome, is prob- ably demonstrating how he would run a reparations parley if he held the gavel. ' SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Role Relinquished. Dear father won't play Santa Claus To please the tots this year, because He still remembers with much woe His efforts of a year ago. The children, gathered round sbout, Did not set up a merry shout, For children now are very wise And all have learned to criticize. They said, “Your make-up's rather bad. Your technique, too, is very bad. Your emphasis is inexact— You really should not try to act!” As Times Change. “You don’t make any such speeches as Danlel Webster made.” “I wouldn't try,” replied Senator Sorghum. “If I tried to put up an oration with big sentiment and fine language at a caucus out home the boys would merely laugh.” Jud Tunkins says the way of the transgressor is hard, but most profi- teers travel on pneumatic tires. Discipline. Reform unto the prison came, ‘With song and dance and merry game. The prisoners, it is understood, Are all endeavoring to be good. If they are not, the warden stout May try to have them pardoned out. Consideration. “The marriage ceremony lays down the law, ‘love, honor and obey.’ " “It's easy to lay down the law,” said Miss Cayenne, “but how about the en- forcement.” *“De unlimited demand foh wood al- cohol,” sald Uncle- Eben, “‘makes it look to me Hke it was 'bout time foh de forest service to take a hand to pre- vent bottleggin' | Americanize the Washingtonian Congress Cannot Delegate Legislative Power—States Not Affected by District National Representation. i Froi of the Senats tutional & mational enimaey st . In considering the course of this legislation. however, it is important to remember that when the Consti- tution was drafted it was by no means certain that any state would be found willing to make the needed cession of territory for the seat of government. While In no event could the federal district be larger than ten miles square, no one could foretell how restricted the area might actu- ally be. When the present location was finally decided upon the population of the entire area, Including the exist- ing towns of Alexandria and George- town, was widely scattered and scanty. And when a municipal gov- ewment for the city of Washington, with suffrage for all white male in- habitants, was set up by the act of May 3, 1802 (2d Stat., 195), the pop- ulation c¢f the infant city, as shown by the census of 1800, was but 14.093. It is not strange, under these cir- cumstances, that no provision was made efther by the framers of the Constitution or by the legislators of those early days for the place in our governmental system which should be held by the inhabitants of the federal district when their population, wealth and other circumstances should have raised them to the dignity of a sep- arate political community. In the ordnance of 1787 for the government of the Northwest Terri- tory Congress had provided for the| erection of new states when the pop- ulation of a defined area should have reached 50,000. This provision, al- though it antedates the Constitution, may give us some clue as to the ideas of the time. It serves at least to ex- plain the failure to provide for the ultimate constitutional status of the population of the federal district at a time when the very existence of such a district was still conjectural. But it is worthy of note that Madi- son, in discussing the provision for legislative power over such a district, nicipal legislature for local purposes, derived from their own suffrage. would, of course, be allowed.” (Fed- eralist, 52). And in 1815 President Monroe, In & message to Congress, drawing attention to the fact that, local concerns of the District, the peo- ple had no participation in the exer- cise of that power proceeded to add: “As this Is a departure for a spe- cial purpose from the general princi- ples of our system, it may merit con- sideration whether an arrangement better adapted to the principles of our government and to the particular in- terests of the people may not be de- vised which will neither infringe the Constitition nor affect the object which the provision in question was intended to secure National Representat| the Presidents. As the District continued to grow, other Presidents, notably Jackson, Harrison and Johnson, drew atten- tion to the disadvantages under which the pepole of the District suf- fered by reason of their through political action to make known thelr peculiar wants and to secure legisiation adapted to them. None of these Presidents, however, regarded the exercise of political rights by the people of the District as in any wise incompatible with tie grant to Congress of exclusive jurisdiction in the District of Columbia. In his message put the matter In these terse words: “It was doubtless wise in the framers of this District under the jurisdiction of the general government. But to ac- be deprived of all the privileges of self- government.” And he put to Congress this signifi- cant question: +Is it not just to allow them at least a dele to Congress, if not a local legislature to make laws for the Dis- trict subject to the approval or rejec- tion of Congres: No doupt it was this view of the mat- ter which led at length to the establish- ment with a house of delegates chosen by universal manhood suffrage and rep- resented, as In the case of other territo- rles, by a delegate in the House of Rep- resentatives. There are, however, manifest difficul- had taken it for granted that “a mu- while Congress legislated directly on . inability | to Congress in 1831, President Jackson | of our Constitution to place the people complish the object they had in view it ! is not necessary that this people should ! ment of a territorial form of govern- ! “Bad Boy” of Shelbyville, Ind., Distriet committee on the - Topresentation to the nmfl".?%‘a.‘%f:‘u ties in constituting a hody with legisla- ii%o) pawatalTac gl tou o the s and at same time preserving unimpaired general power of legislation in Con- itself. Whatever pains may be to define and limit the scope of the inferior legislature, the fact remains that there are two sources of law for the community. At any moment the question may arise whether a particular subject matter falls within the scofle of the delegated or of the reserved au- thority. ot Delegate Its Power lusive Legisiation. In point of fact, the acts of the Dis- trict legislative assembly were ultimate- ly *denied authority by the Supreme Court of the District upon the very ground that Congress was incapable of delegating to another body the legisla- tive power conferred by the Constitu- 'tlolk (Van Ryswick v. Roach, MacA. & M. (11 D. C.), 171; Stoutenburgh v. 4 volce possesses and must continue to posse: Congress Ci B Hennick, 129 U. 8., 141, 147, 148.) Hence it follows that the departure from the fundamental principle involved in de- nylng the people of the District all participation in the making of their laws (which President Monroe regarded meriting consideration as far back as 1818) can be best remedied, not by setting up an Inferlor legislature for limited purposes, but by admitting the people of the District of Columbia to in national legislation which the exclusive power of government over them. In this way the supremacy of { Congress 1s reconciled with the funda- | mental principles of representative gov- | ornment; the object which the furls- | aictional provision was intended to e- cure is completely attained without con- demning the population of the National Capital to a status of political degra inconsistent with thet great truth on which our very government is founded. D. C. Representation Deprives No State of Equal Suffrage in-Senate. It remains to consider an obfection sometimes urged upon the last clause of Article X of the Constitution, pro- viding that “no state without its con- sent shall be deprived of its equal suf- |frage in the Senate.” But how will the admission of a senmator, or even two senators, elected by the people of the District of Columbla, deprive any state of its equal suffrage in the Senate? The plain meaning of this provision is that no state shall have any greater numerical representation in the Senate than any other state. It cannot mean that the aliquot share of the leglslative power possessed by a state at any given time canno: be reduced, as the pro- portion of that power. which was orig- inally two as to twenty-six, has been steadily diminished by of new states until it is now two as to ninety-six. Nor Is it of any importance that the people by whom this senator or these senators would be elected would inot have any separate legislatur: Even when senators were elected by State legisiatures not act as the legislature in the sense of the law-making body of the but as a specially designated bod: of electors by virtue of an express power conferred by the federal C stitutiom itself. Senators are no longer elected by the state legislatures, but by the people. Under the proposed amendment the people of the District of Columbia, in choosing their sen: tors, would, to that extent. but to footing with the people of the states But as the people of a state, in the election of senators as in the election of representatives In the lower house, exercise this right without regard to the form and organization of their respective local legislature, so would the people of the District of Columbia elect thefr senators and representa- tives without regard to the existence or non-existence of a local legisla- ! ture. It is. of course, no answer to say that the Senate is composed only of members selected by the several states. That is merely to declare an obvious fact as the Constitution now stands. “The Senate shall posed of two senators from | state.” Before the seventeenth amend- ment the Constitution went on to say ‘chosen by the legisiatures thereof. But, as we have seen, that is no longer true. What remains is no les subject to amendment. There s n: principle of our Constitution, much leas any specific provision in its ar- ticles, which forbids its amendment ®0 as to admit into the Senate, as well as into the House. members who shall represent an integral part of the country, such as the District of Co- lumbia. without requiring that such atea shall,be for all purposes what- soever precisely like the existing states. The ony limitation is that in thus amending the Constitution no state should be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate, and, as we have already shown, the equality of the states in the Senate will not be in any wise affected by the proposed amendment. i | Is Now Chaplain of the House EV. JAMES SHERA MONT- GOMERY, chaplain of the national House of Represen- tatives, was the bad boy of his home town when a “kid” in 8hel- byville, Ind. And he doesn’t look back on those days with any great “I asso- ontgomery the other day to a promi- nent member of the House, not in- tentionally inti- mating that meant members of Congress, with whom he spends much of his time. He was answer- ing a criticism of “preachers,” and sald: “That has kept me human. I Dbelieve 99 per cent of our DR. MONTGOMERY. | qachers are thoroughly good and sincere men, but they get into an atmosphere that | makes them narrow. Keeping himself human is one great aim of Dr. Montgomery, and he succeeds pretty well. Last July he went back to Shelbyville, where he spent his boisterous youth, and his Introductory words were: “If some of the places around here could talk 1 certainly wouldn't be here.” > He recalls that when he was 2 newsboy he was accustomed to “bea his way between Anderson and Mun- cie, Ind., on a freight train. Con- ducters and brakemen had frequently thrown him off. Once a brakeman kicked him off and was surprised to {find him on the train a little later. The brakeman cursed him, exclaim- ing: “Where do you think you are going, anyhow?’ “Kid” Montgomery shot back at him: “I'm going to Mun- cle if my pants hold out.” This re- ply ticked the brakeman—it was the human touch—so he sal ‘All right, then, get on, you d—— little brat.” But he took the boy Into the caboose and shared his lunch with him. Some years ago Dr. Montgomery was giving a chautauqua lecture in an Iowa church. At its close a Bap- tist preacher urged him to speak in his church the following day—Sun- day. Dr. Montgomery demurred be- cause he was tired, but finally. ac- cepted. . What was his amusement. therefore, at the close of his sermon next day when this sincere old pas- tor made the following announce- ment: “This church will now closed for three weeks for repairs.” Another story Dr. Montgomery tells on himself is about when he arrived in Lexington, Neb., about 6 o'clock one morning, very tired. | noticed the village restaurant across the street. It tickled his vanity to ses in the window a life-sised picture of-himself, announcing his chaptau- qfia lecture, but, op looking closer, was the lettering on the window of the restaurant, “Open day and night.” Dr. Montgomery won & good laugh from President Harding when he told him that joke on himself. Moral: Often bad boys come to. some good end, even If it is “ming- ling with sinners” in Congress and spreading a few rays of human sun- light among them. the admission | ‘he legislatures did | that extent only, stand on the same | be | ibly: looking about for a hotel when he|® Gives Longfellow Facts Writer Tells of Early Home Life of Noted American Poet. To the Rditor of The Btar: In Friday evening's paper appeared an. article hesded “Longfellow's Birthplace” It was taken from the New York Sun, and the fact that two newspapers were publishing an ar- ticle from which such a great number of the facts were left out made me resolve to write you. I wish the very best success to the Longfellow Birthplace Association, as I have known Intimately of its work, and my own mother was for years an ardent worker for it, but I feel that the failure of this assoclation to reach its_goal is due to other cause than lack of appreciation of our beloved American poet even in this material age. The house In which the poet was born was but temporarily their home. while the real Longfeliow home in Portland was being rebuilt. All of his growing years and youth and early asociations, which always m 80 much to him, were with the Wads. worth-Longfellow house, on Congress street. This house was built in 1758 by his_maternal grandfather. Gen. Peleg Wadsworth of revolutionary fame. The general later retired to his farm at Hiram, Me., and left the city ¢ house to his daughter and her family. Here most of the family of eight chil- dren were born, and here all grew up —my grandfather was one of them. This house was left by the poet’ sister. Mrs. Plerce, to the Maine His- torical Society, provided that body raise a certain sum within two years to guar- antee its perpetual care. This the so- cley did, annexing a museum, and thus the people of his native state did honor to the poet. This fact Is not unknown, for 1 am told by friends continually of their visits to_the old Longfellow house while In Portland, and of their pleas- ure with everything connected with it. Besides the fact that the poet is al- ready thus honored in his home town and by his native state, it may also be recalied that over twenty years ago the people of the country con- tributed toward the national memorial —the handsome bronze statue on Connectitut avenue and L street in our own city. May not the slowness with which success comes to the birthplace asso- ciation be due to the fact that the poet is already fully honored and remembered by the people of this gen- eration? The records of visits to the shrine in Portland “show only too clearly Longfellow's fame not sunk even temporarily in an age not always re; ve to the triumphs of other - y MADELEINE PREBLE SCHARF. ]Ixys Harrison Defeat To McKinley Tariff To the Editor of The 81 Before attending the Gridiron Club dinner in Washington Saturday night 1 read The Star's editorial headed “Mr. Harding and the Cabinet,” the closing paragraph of which was: Mr. Blaine in 1892 contested the case with Gen. Harrison at the na- tional convention, but lost. Gen. Harrison lost the election, but not as the result of the division in the cabinet disclosed by Mr. Blaine's challenge. He was the victim of the ! Homestead riot, which occurred duriug the campalgn, but for which he w: ! not responsible, either as man or can jdidate. Says Harrison Predicted*Defeat. As a political writer for the New York Sun for many vears. will you let me say that it is my belief that in 1892 President Harrison was de- feated for re-election because of the disfavor whith the countrs felt to- ward the McKinley tarift law, which [ President Harrison had signed two years before. It has been one of the| myths of American political history, iaccording to my judgment, that { President Harrison was defeated for | re-election in 1892 because of politi- | cal conditions created by the Home- | stead strike. The McKinley bill. as was shown in the 1830 Congress elections. had not been well received by the country. It was ‘thought to be too extreme, and President Harrison stated to the late ancis Hendricks, collector .of the port of New York. confidential advis- er of President Harrizon in New York | atate, and to others, including myself. early in 1392, that the McKinley bill would defeat him or any other repub- ilican candidate for the presidency. 1 feel that the Homestead strike {had little or nothing to do with the defeat of Harrison. His defeat, I am convinced, was due entirely to the McKinley tariff law, as can be very easily demonstrated. Those who are inclined to differ may look with slight satisfaction on the presidential figures in the state of Pennsylvana in the campaigns of 1888 and 1892 In the former vear they were: Republican, 526,091 dem- 446,633; and In the latter year, the year of the Cleveland-Harrison campaign and Homestead strike. re- publican, 516.011; democratic, 452,264, These figures disclose that the Home- stead strike had very little effect on the vote in Pennsylvania, where the {republican vote was reduced from 1888 by 10,080 in 1892, and the democratic vote was increased from 1888 by only 5631 in 1892 Proportionately the vote was similar in other states. Furthe: more, the Homestead strike as a po litical factor could not h: momentous_strength, difference of tha s | Cleveland and Mr. Harrison | those carried by the two gentlemen in 1892, { Blames MecKinley Bill. It Is true that there were factional disputes and quarrels in the republi- can party which had been accumulating for many years, but the dlmlllllcllnnl over tariff matters was the fulcrum. 8o, 1 am quite persuaded to the belief of President Harrison and of his per- sonal confidant, advinr and friend, the late Francis Hendricks, for many ! years republican leader of Onondaga county, New York state, to the effect that the McKinley bill was the rrlnclpal factor in defeatink the republican na- tional ticket in 1892 Perhaps President McKinley, at Buf- falo, September 5, 1901, the day before he was assassinated. recalled the be- lief of President Harrison that the McKinley bill was too extreme, for in that address, the last address the mar- tyred President delivered, he said 1f perchance some of our tariffs are no longer needed for revenue or 1to encourage and protect our indu: tries at home. why should they not be employed to extend and promote our markets abroad President McKinley made this ad- dress to the commissioners of the Do- minion of Canada and the British colonies, the French colonies, the re- public of Mexico, and of Central and South America, and the commission- ers of Cuba and Porto Rica, who were gathered there to discuss reciprocity measures. DWARD G. RIGGS. Declares Education Is Not Doing Job William Allen White, writing in a weekly magasine, says rather forc- “Education as a palladium of our liberties should be sent into the shop for several repairs. Educagion is not doing the job. “They ail have grand educations, pell a little, 1y le hand and bound the Ukraine, and to! round logarithms and make ang ood cake and quarter-sawed m racks and chatter s :lzon; the . Shak speare ut wl in heaven' do the fool kids know—réally 2" Pupils still make music racks in he saw that right across his mouth | manual training, perhaps, and angel- food cake in cooking class, but are learning more thai n former s about civics and economics and social blems. 'l'hrvnfh the student council movement, which is spread- ing through the nation they are learning government and co-operation for the good of all, and & few other wholesome lesso which will not be wholly forgottei when they rush to the baliot box four or five years from now.—Lafayette a “ni Couvler. ey CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Senator Smith W. Brookhart breaks into the scene of legislative activity 2s champion of the government em- ploye by introducing a bill to author- ise Army gquartermasters to sell all quartermaster supplies—food, cloth- ing, etc.—to government civilian em- ployes on the same terms as to the Army. That means that the goods will be s0ld at 10 per cent above what the government pays in wholesile lots. This would be very welcome. of course, to the beneficiaries. But how would it affect the $240 bonus which in already going to the civilian em- ployes, on the ground that it | needed to compensate for the in- creased cost of 1iving? The senator argues that it will be “good training" for the quartermasters to be called upon to serve the 700,000 civilians; after such training they would be far more_capable for serving the Army of a fifth that number. “Undoubtediy! Of course it will be recognized that when the quartermaster department is called upon to serve 700,000 it can- not do It with a quota of quarter- masters apportioned to 100,000, but will have to enlarge its corps pro- portionately. There will have to be mome way of checking up the new beneficlaries, for they wil not appear at the counter in distinguishing uni- forms, as is the case with the officers and men of the Army. How will the line be drawn against selling to “their sisters. their cousins and their aunts’?? And if to them, why not to the rest of the civilians of the vote- less city. especlally to those who do not receive a bonus to offset the high cost of living? * * k¥ Competition between merchants puts a wholesome curb on extortion- ate prices on general commodities. The one c dees not come within reason as to re- tail cost is that which originates on Farmer Brookhart's farm out In Towa. The unreasonableness of cost is not ascribed to the farmer, for it is notorious that the farmers are being gouged. But there is where the vital problefn of the high cost of living is found. Let those statexmen who have been cloge to that problem werk out its solution, and we shall all rise to call them blessed. Somewhere in broad co-operation—somewhere in co- operative buying as well as co-opera- tive selling—somewhere in reasonable shipping charges—somewhere in_the utter cleaning up of parasitical mid- dlemen—there is the great problem of the age for Congress and wise leadership to solve. Let the govern- ment stick to the functions for which governments are established. and let merchandising and _fertilizer manu- facturing and other commercial en- terprises be left to individual initia- tive—at least during the first century of soviet experimentation In Russia. * % X ¥ For once the United States Supreme Court 1s too deep for a lay mind, but maybe it is right just the same. The Constitution, in the fifth amendment, declares that “nor ¥hall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or 1imb.” "The Supreme Court tells us that fo the same dose of booze one may be| skinned alive in the state court and then be flayed in the federal court— all for one swig. Anyhow. what pun- t""’l’":p::. Jaws—tawa nevertheless base. e Tann anlonothe recosuized Tights of jahe moat important of these new laws is that controlling ether waves for wireless messages. Secretary Hoover of the Department of Com- merce calls for the regulation of the ether 50 as to protect the use of the radio service for the government de- partments—the post office, the ocoast guard. the Treasury. This service seriously hampered by a certain pri- vate broadcasting company. Whan Secretary Hoover, upon the expl..- tion of the license of the intarfering company, refused to renew it, 50 as to protect the government service, the court, acting under laws of 1912, issued a writ of mandamus compel- 1ing the reissuane of the license, re- gardiess of the public intereats. The laws of 1912 are us far obsolete to the present situ: laws control- u on an automoblle thoroughfare. 1 goes to show how fast the world of sci- ence is progressing. *x % When President Harding listened in on the radio a day or two ago, he heard a strange volce, saying in sub- stance v, “Hello! Is this President Harding” I am R. Lopez Gutierrez, President of Honduras. I called you up to that I hope this new means of communi- cation will briing the peoples of our two countries Into still closer r« lationship, and will result to their mutual advantage.” President Harding responded with some tremendously big words. but the system took them, and so. any mo- ment, If the two presidents want to onsult with each other—each has the other president's number. and lass of commodity Which! there is no danger that Central will answer “Line's busy.” Of course. they talk right over the head of Presi- dent Obregon of Mexico, but he can't tap the wire, for there “ain't mno wire” The funny part is that the waves talk Bpanish as well us American. It is notofious that the governm does not adequately pay its s employes. For the honorable of representative and senator, honor supplements the money €om- pensation, but such is not true of such men of science as work In the bureau of standards and Departmeit of Agriculture. The result is when a specialist is offer-d pay by a private firm, he iz justified in~ accepting, and the goverrmen is constantly losing its most valua’ sclentific workers. This does not re fer to the young men fresh from col lege. but it does concern such men as Dr. Stratton, who for twentv-twn vears has heen the head »f the bureau of mtandards, the most resnonsible and influential scientific position in the ‘world Dr. Stratton has been receiving for years the very moderate salary of $6.000 a year: he now leaves the gov- ernment service to hecome the head of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he will still be engaged in research, and at a salary sald to be $1R.000 or higher. The government of the United | States ought not to be unable to mee! | competition {n employ!ng and paying The main rdy came long befure any court Jen the caught the wretch who drank stuff. Inferno can add no terrors * x ok % A delegation from Medica! Association has waited on the Secretary of the Treasury. Mr. Mellon, with an urgent appeal that the rules be slackened so that the druggiste may lay in a larger stock of liquor “bottled in bond.” in advance of the holiday trade. Of course. druggisis want it for filling prescriptions, and the whole world knows that those prescriptions increase and muitiply during the holidays, and the fact that the Materia Medica omitted whisky from its list of medicines years ago has nothing. to do with holiday pre- seriptions. Didn't Rip Van Winkle set an example of “treating resolu- n'*? o P B How suddenly the air has acquired all the properties of “real property The nitrogen is invaluable for fer- tillzer when the electric current sep- arates it from oxygen: the aviator finds It a pathless ocean on which he may sail his “ship” and so he needs that its paths be defined: the wire- less message flies with immeasurable speed through cther waves and cir- Cles the earth in the twinkling of an eve. All the developments mentioned hAve come within one generation, and a1l make demand for entirely new the American; {for the hest =cientific rasearch talent fn America. Some neutral official. or hoard. ought to be qualified to adjus | salaries of mclentists. Lesser men. oo iare being tolled from the governmen: almost monthly by salaries two or what the governmen = not due to the any trade secrets of the government, but to the abil to earn larger pay. * % x % That is a novel and interesting de- | fense set up by the Capital Traction Company in a sult against it by a young woman who was injured in & runaway street car ahout a Year ago and asked the court for $100,000 dam- ages. She complained that she wa thrown so violently in the accident that she has been paralyzed from the | waist down ever since. The defense is that she was real not seriousiv | injured, but. due to hysteria, she has only thought she was, and a8 80on ax she changes her thoughts she will | cease being paralyzed. It is just lik= B three times ton—not real, but only a “state of mind. Recently a Frenchman has intro- duced a new cure, which ought &> be | tested in this case. It consists solely in the patient's repeating to himself. | daily and earnestly: “I am getting | better in every wuy." Presently the psychology begins to believe it—and a cure follows: it would be worth & big_sum for any ane to demonstrate uch “surger: THE WAYS OF W The ways of Washington call for strict discipline in the rank and file of her government workers. During the war & high civillan official dis- charged a colored messenger because the messenger did not rise from his seat in the corridor as the official passed. That was an extreme Ci and such a thing would not be pos- sible now. Neveriheless, Washington insists upon the maintenance of dis- cipline. Especlally is this true and War departments. And one of the chiet aposties of discipline in the Navy ls—or rather was till recently— Rear Admiral Fullam, now retired. in the Navy Admiral Fullam was given, as his orderly, & rather green young fel- low who hadn’t been in the Navy very long and didn’t take speclally kindly to its rigor. The admiral had the repu- tation of being somewhat of a marti- net and the combination of gruft ad- miral and rookie sallor boy didn't work very smoothly. When the admiral wanted the satlor boy the sailor boy just wasn't there. Or if, by & miracle, he did happen to be there, he was slow, slouchy and insouciant. All of which roughed the admiral’s nerves. “Ses here,” the admiral exclaimed one day after he had waited an unu- sually long time for the orderly to answer his ring. “You're the devil of an orderly. Why—" And for five minutes the admiral dressed that sailor boy down to the queen’s taste. “Now,” said the admiral, “I'm going to show you how an orderly should apswer when the admiral rings for him."” The sallor boy, mad clean through, said nothing. “git down there,” the admiral com- manded, pointing to the chair at his desk from which he had just risen. The bay ‘sat down. “Now you're the admiral. I'm the orderly. Understand?” The orderly understood. , “I'm going out into the hall,” the admiral continued. “You are to ring for me. TIl show you how to an- swer. The admiral swung out of the room. The saflor looked round and made sure he was alone. A wicked gleam eame {nte.his.eve. BY WILLIAM PICKETT HELM. ASHINGTON | He tilted back the chair and put his | teet up on the admiral's desk. Then |he pulled out a cigarette which he lighted. He took several puffs, waited |a few minutes, yawned and presently touched the button. The admiral, impatient beeause of | the time he had been cooling his heels in the hall, shot into the room like |a projectile. siammed the door and | came to salute. [ “Aye, aye. sir.” he said. The saflor boy flecked the ashes | rom his cigarette, yawned again and looked the admiral in the eye. “Where In the devil have you been for the last thirty minutes?” he asked. Another stickler for discipline was Capt. Crowninshield of the Navy, back in the days of the Spanish war. At that time he was chief of the bureau of navigation. Word came over the wires July night of 98 that Cerver: had been sunk off Santiago. An en- terprising nowspaper reporter hur rled to the captain’s home to apprise him of the news. The reporter found the place durk. He shouted. he rang the bell, he called out, ail to no avail Then he listened. The faint sound of ‘a man snoring heavily came regu- larly to the reporters ears. He looked up. A window was up in a front room on the third floor. _The reporter secured a handful of pebbles. He threw them up against the window. Every time he threw a pebble, ke yelled. Presently the snoring ceused. A figure in white with a nightcap on its head came to the window, thor- oughly displeased. “What blankety, blankety, blank. blank is that down there disturbing me at this hour of night?" the cap- tain shouted. And the reporter, looking up and thinking only of his great story, un- mindful of the insult, answered back: “It i 1, captain; John Jones of the Daily Screech.” "It didn’t dawn on that reporter for a minutes or two that he had been insulted. Then, however, the cap- tain had gone back to bed. The re- porter was restrained with difficulty from going around the next day and pummeling the irascible old captain. And the captain, when he learned of the reporter's feelings, sent for him 1and avologized.