Evening Star Newspaper, May 24, 1922, Page 6

' THE EVENING STAR. and trust ‘With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY......May 24, 1022 -The Daylight-Saving Vote. Evidence of an overwhelming senti- ment against the present method of “daylight-saving” in the District ap- pears in the votes being cast by read- ers’ of The -Star in the referendum now being conducted by this paper on the subject. In a few ‘hours many hundreds of ballots have been cast, and while they have not yet all been tabulated—for scores come by every mail and the flood cannot be at pres- ent controlled—the vote runs easily Maryland and Virginia. 10 to 1 against the earlier hours with- g;g nm} Sundny..ll YT, g.fi; : mo., ;g: i cut any change of the cloek:. t’“:: - only. +L yr.., 36.90; 1 ma., percentage of rejection is likely to joadayg only I s"_w' BBy 200 increased as the volume of the vote All Other States. grows. Pally and Sunday.1yr., $10.00: 1mo. 86¢ | Theso ballots are coming from all Sunday on sources, from employes of the govern- - ment; in whose name the change of schedule was ordered, without any real test of their wishes; from work- ers in private business, whose daily routine was changed to conform to Fthe altered departmént hours; from housewives who have been compelled to lengthen ,their days to meet the needs of those, who are dependent upon their home administrations; from parents who see the danger to the health of their children in the altered haurs; from domestic servants, who have found an hour added to their working day in consequence of the shift of time without any shift of clocks. 1 This is a spontaneous expression of public sentiment, after a week of trial of the new plan. It represents with- out ‘doubt the thought of all Wash- ington? It means without the shadow of question that the capital commu- nity wants te go back to the normal ‘routine. And it is significant that thus far of those who vote against the present arrangement a great ma- Jjority are also opposed to a cure by changing the clocks. This vote will be continued until the people of the capital have had a full opportunity to express them- selves. Unless a totally unforeseen change occars in the drift of senti- ment the result will be an emphatic condemnation of the freak schedule. ‘Will then the government officials charged with the administration of the executive business hold to that schedule in the face of such a plain demonstration of dissent? THEODORE W. NOYES. Editer The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 150 Nassau St. Chicage Otfice:. First Natiohal Bank Rnlldl:s. Eoropean Uffice: 3 Regent St., London, England. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning edition, is delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month: daily oply, 45 cents per month; Sunday only, 20 cents per month. Or- ders may be sent by mail, or telephone Main 5000. ~ Collection s’ mdde by carriers at the end of eacn montly Rate by Mail~Payable in Advance. z $7.0 -1yr., $3.00: 1 mo., 25¢ - = The Senate Soon to Decide. . The Senate will soon decide the fate of thé Distrft in respect to its fiscal relations with the nation and in re- spect to the increase of the tax rate the increase of ,the of assessment from on intangibles, standard thirds shifting of primary obligation for cap- |\ 4tal maintenance from nation to local taxpayers, the ignoring of the Treas- two- value to full valuation, the ury-conceded five millions accumu- Jated tax surplus of the District, the threat of ‘increased takes for the next five years to accumulate a brand-new surplus so that the District will have on hand July 1, 1927, enough money extorted from the t vers of pre- ceding vears to pay the District's share of expenditures of 1927-8 untll such time in that fiscal year as Uncle ~8am chooses to collect the taxes which he exacts from the 1927-8 tax- payers. The Senate/has two courses open to it. First, it can decide that these vital ‘changes in the District’s fiscal system have not been adequately con- sidered; that the capital community is entitled to the opportunity hitherto denied, to show that the proposed leg- islation is inequitable, unnecessary, and in reversal of every tradition and precedent of the Senate in shaping the District’s fiscal relations; and that . to the end of doing equity it will in effect refer'these controverted legis- lative issues to the District's legisla- tive committees for more deliberate consideration by concurring in the|jeuy per capita (519.37) was more than original House provision in the appro-| the city realty tax levy per capita of priations bill, for which amendment g youis (§17.93), Jersey City ($17.85), number 1 is substituted. This action{pepyer (517.61), Cleveland ($17.05), would continue for another year the |New Orleans (§15.35), Atlanta ($12.97) temporary 60-40 ratio and the sliding | 359 Louisville ($11.26). Is not Wash- scale tax rate, under the system ington’s realty tax sufficlently high which has been operative for two fis-fwhen it exceeds per capita that of cal years. It would leave to be thresh-|guch cities as Cleveland, St. Louis, ed out in legislative committees not | penver, New Orleans, Atlanta and only the matter of the existing Dis-| Loyisville? trict tax surplus, but all the other| 1n the same year in personal prop- vigorously controverted issues. erty tax levy Washington’s per capita Or the Senate may be disposed to|(¢3.01) exceeded that of Milwaukee accept amendment number: 1 .after|(s710), Chicago ($7.09), Louisville amending it to make it more equitable. | 56.43), Atlanta °($5.93), Baltimore \ The Star has urged that if amend-|($5.45), Jersey City ($3.52), St. Louis mept number 1 is to be enacted in|(§3.44) and Philadelphia (51.53). Is not any shape it should at least be sO|Washington’s personal tax high enough amended as to express the avowed|when it exceeds per capita the great purpose of the conferees in propos-|and rich cities above enumerated? Is ing it. it necessary or equitable to make more For example, the new surplus Pro-|heavy the personalty tax burden posal as it is worded in the amend-|which it is bearing by increasing 66 2-3 ment cannot be construed as ip ac-|per cent its tax on intangible per- cordance with the intent announced|sonalty? by the conferees in framing it. It is| . In 1920 in total general and special authoritatively explained that the|property tax levy, including both only intended vitally essential re-|realty and personalty,- Washington's quirement by Congress in this con®! per capita ($27.38) excéeded the total mnection is that at the beginning of|city tax per capita of Baltimore the fiscal year 1927-8 the District shall 6), New Orleans ($26.48), Jersey 20 on the “pay-as-you-go” system and | .75), St. Louis ($23.94), At- be able to put up its share of, the cur-{lanta (§18.90) and ZLouisville ($18.56). rent expenditures in that year, as the | Is not Washington's total tax levy per occasion for making them arises.’ capita sufficiently heavy when in 1920 If Uncle Sam is now disturbed over | it exceeded that of such cities as those thg discovery that he is collecting the } above enumerated? Our Tax Burden High Enough. In 1920 Washington's realty tax taxes which he exacts from the Dis-| Elsewhere on this page of today’s trict too late in the year, so that he (Star Washington’s tax burden from not only pays In advance his own 50| every significant angle is compared or 40 per cent contribution toward |with those of thirteen typical Ameri- capital upbuilding, but also makes|can cities, and the inevitable conclu- advances on his co-contributor’s 50 or {sion is reached that Washington is 60 per cent of contribution, the Tem-|now reasonably and equitably taxed. edy of the condition is obvious and in - his own hands. He has only to &hange the date or dates of collecting his tax exactions. If he has made a mistake in this connection he has the exclu- sive power of correcting that mistake. The conferees indicate that they favor change of- date of tax collec- tions, ‘and they do not repudiate the existing tax surplus of the District, - but favor a joint committee to deter- mine its existence and amount. “ Let the wording of amendment number 1 make unmistakably clear the avowed intent of the conferees. This amendment is not relieved of its terrors by reference to changes of law which it is suggested Congress may later make. The wording of this T amendment should be changed now, |, wherever it is essential, tobringabout{ In & few days a program of summer. simuitaneously. with its. enactment|park concerts will be announced. This the statutory conditions which are|is in continyation of a custom, of assumed to exist in justifying it. many years. The Marine Band was After announcement of purpose to|for a long time the only source of put the District on a cash basis July|open-air public musical entertainment. 11, 1927, and a clear definition of what|Its concerts on Wednesday and. Sat. | i8 megnt by *cash basis,” the natural |urday afternoons at ‘the Capitol and enactments of amendment number 1|the White House gave pleasure to "are (1) legislation changing dates of | mujtitudes. Then other bands were ! tax payment, not for next fiscal year, |added to the schedule, and now it s * which is too soon, but for the fiscal | therannual good fortune of the people ' year thereafter; (2) legislation ap-{of the capital to have music every { pointing a joint committee to ascer-|night of the week somewhere. And it i tain existence or non-existence and|is good music, the programs belng " - amount of Distr¢it accumulated tax |uniformly of high quality. All of the i surplus; (3) legislation requiring the {bands that play in the parks here in . Commissioners to accumulate ‘in|summer are excellent musical organi- . .3924-5, 1925-6 and 1936-7 the surplus, |ations. The Marine Band, in particu- 4f any, which may be needed in dddi-|lar, is world famous for its quality. to any surplus on hand at that|But the other bands have been de- 3 to enable the District to go on | veloping untjl they command admir- the cash basis. July 1, 1927. ing attention from erities. . o - These open-air band goncerts fof the Frond a distance the efforts of Euro- pean diplomats to float securities in America suggest salesmanship rather than statesmanship. The Washington, D. C., citizen oan- not vote, but he'makes a faithful and hard-working juror nevertheless. } C. W. Morse has had & remarkable ‘way of getting himself out of trouble and getting otbe‘rl into it. ( The soviet situation is coming rapid- ly to look like e problem in high finance. i Park Concerts. achedule thess Dple of every section can reach at least one in every week without difficulty. The, music is literally taken to the people, and it is impossible to estl- mate the wholesome effect. Good music is'e tonic that when given to th of the community, ——— e Crooks in the Post Office. Discovery of forty-nine crooks with criminal records in the registry divi- sion of the New York city post office leads to a decision to have évery one of the 15,000 postal employes of New York finger-printed. This has all grown out of the arrest of seven men who have admitted that they secured employment in the registry division with the sole purpose of robbing the mails. Robberies covering half a year and ipvolving about $2,000,000 have been cleared up, and e great haul planned for last Friday night has been thwarted. = Obviously the safeguards against employment of improper persons in places of trust under the gov- ernment arg inadequate. Acting Post- master General Bartlett, while serv- ing as president of the Civil Service Commission, urged the adoption of character tests. This experience as- suredly proves the need.‘ Finger- printing is only a negative measure. It discloses those who have ‘“done time” in the pag. But it does not prove positively the dependability ‘of others. At present there is no barrier against a person with a criminal tendency who could pass an examina- tion. The fact that a number of men with criminal records and - designs have gained admittance to the postal or- ganization for the'purpose of fraud and crime, however, does not signify that this condition is general. They are doubtless rare exceptions. The 8teat Majority of the postal employes are unquestionably honest and con- sclentious and loyal. It is due to them that the crooks_be identified and banned, if not punished. Mr. Bryan’s Slip. In a dispatch from Los Angeles Mr. Bryan is quoted as speaking of “the vietory of Pinchot and Beveridge over the republican nominees.” Evidently a misquotation, or else Mr. Bryan, for the moment, was con- fused about matters. Mr. Pinchot and Mr. Beveridge are the republican nominees, and achieved victory as republican ‘candidates. Neither would have been in the run- ning except as a republican in good standing and a supporter of the Presi- dent and his administration. Both made the case plain in their cam- paigns, and since their. nominations have pledged themselves afresh to re- publicanism. If anybody, anywhere, however, is in doubt on this point he will soon be set right by Mr. Pinchot and Mr. Beveridge themselves. When they be- gin their ‘appeals for election they will do so as republicans who if successfyl at the polls will work in harmony with their party. They do not deny or apologize for their bull moose records, but have later republican records to stand on and are standing on them. There is factionism in the republic- an party at present, growing out of several questions, the tariff and the bonus among the number. But it does not threaten to reach the proportions of bull moosery, and Mr. Pinchot and Mr. Beveridge and other men who were prominent in the bull moose movement are of opinion that it is composable and are active in efforts to compose it. —_——————— A letter carrier has less dignity and authority than a policeman, but the law of compensation gives him all the best of it in the matter of summer uniforms. l All candidates are progressive tothe extent of hoping to get ahead in poli- tics. ————————— SHOOTING STARS. s BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. On One Condition. We're living in a wondrous time, _ 'Mid tendencies ‘toward the sublime. By wireless you now can hear Sweet music in the atmosphere, Or you can get the wisdom great, ‘When at a distance men orate, By means of some unique device— You can, if you possess the price. A wondrous time we're living in} But, son, be wise and save your tin. You can have yachts and motor cars, Or airships speeding toward the stars, Or view the world, in films, at ease. ‘You can make every hour serene By calling, for the right machine And all existence will be nice— But not unless you have the price. A Phrase Abandoned. “You used to say you were the ser- vant ‘of the people.” ? “I say it no more,” declared Senator Sorghum. “I have found since women took an active interest in public af- fairs that there is nothing to be gained by identifying yourself with the ser- vant problem.” Jud Tunkins says he wishes he was back to the good old days, whien about all the trouble you had with a clock ‘was keepin’ it wound up.” Musings of a Motor Cop. Hortense Magee awhile delayed To watch. the signals that I made. “If you'a jazz band had,” said she, 7 “Oh; what a dancer you would be!” o “What has of;the chap they called i Bill?” asked the visitor at] Orimson Guich. . = ‘He has left us,” answered Cactus Joe, “by request. We made his de- | parture as gentle as possible, becauss tunate than a deliberate mosal of. fender. He couldn’t sit in & card gan it numbers improves the moral} In 1915 and again in 1918 for usp &le of about a great variety of sons. ican cities, including esp; in congressional committee hearings this committee prepared parisons from e clal com. concefvable an- dosen typical Amer- y & f per capita compari- With the new census figures of 1920 available we set to work to make similar comparisons for 1920, But comparisons for that year, we found, cannot be made with the same full- ness as in 1915 and 1918. The census bureau in its bulletins concerning the financial statistics of citles over 30,000 in population sup- plied the figures on which our com- omitted by the In order that tirely without s for 1920, Mr. statisticlan for the citizens’ parisons of 1915 and 1918 were based: But this bulletin in 1920, the year of per the general decennial enumeration, is census bureau. we might not be en- ignificant comparisons Starke M. Grogan, Joint fiscal committee, sent the customary cities and received full answers from ‘We are thus comparisons o citles in 1920, utilizsing the figures of ‘M nearly all of them. enabled to submit a f typical the 1920 census in the per capita comparisons. * not only of the * % *x excessive percentage of property exempt from taxation, but also from thq much larger percentage of transients and non-taxpayers in the city's population, who figure in the city’s census enumeration, but not in its tax list. This disadvantage s notably Increasea with the census The 437,000 population of the District wit) in connéétion enumeration of 1920. BY THEODORE W. NOYES, 4 > Committeo of Citisens’ Joint Committee op D. C. Fiscal Relations.~ 29.82; 27.23; Washington, 8t. Louts, 26.08. 27.38) Loulsville; ALL TAXES LBVIED, TOTAL AND PER Popul lation January 1. oy " 1920 , OAPITA: - 1920, 2 Per Caplta + Tax Omit- ting Taxes Levied. Rtate Total Per $ap. Tax. _Bt. Louls.. 772,897 §20,150,246 —26.08 —28.94 Baltimore. 733,826 22,418,008 +30.54 —27.08 Washington 487,571 11,062,270 27.88 27138 Indlanap'is 814,104 Louisville.. 284,801 9,211,415 +29.32 —25.92 6,804,651 —27.28 —18.56 *PER CAPITA TAX LEVIES OF THESE CITIES OMITTING BTATE TAX WERB: Indianapolis. Thus all capita of 23.94 (with state.tax 26.08) Washingion--botiy i ai 25.02 (with state tax 20.82 18356 (with state tax 27.23 these four cities have smaller 1 tax levy omitting state total tax, and two (é& Louis and Lodisville) ha smaller :per. capita,” even state ive includ] ta: X, The per capits of Baltimore and Indisnapolis, including state tax, is omly slightly than that of Washi larger ington emitting state’ tax. * % x * In Mr. will be groups of cities spect to certain ington had been compared. Grogan’s tables for 1918 found statistics of per capita property tax levies from 1911 to 1918 census inquiries concerning the most of all the cities in the three smaller important of the city fingncial sta- tistics to a 1ist of typical American with which Wash- In re- of these. cities Mr. Grogan has collected the 1920 figures, and these are now added to the 1918 table. tax levy as a staridard of measure- table of interesting and significant ment, this table shows the increase American or decrease of tax-burdens during ese years in the respegtive cities. Has Washington's tax burden in- Using the r capita property creased from year to year or de- creased or fluctuated? indication of tax dodgin paying community? Ho Washington is at a disadvantage in in| per capita comparisons on account J¥ashington’s on compare indicated by Is there any by the tax- does Wash- wi other cities? burden, as roughly s per eapita Tty tax levy, has steadily Increased sinco Sum'mairy of Our Tax Burden Washington's realty tax burden is heavy. Its tax rate is moderate, but its assessment 1is high, h that of other cities. compared Its per of Columbla under the. census of Capita realty assessment exceeded in 1918 that of fifty-nine out of the 1920 inclades a still remaining to, the capital Congress In the new disadvantage is L spite. of these disadvantages ment actually forms a higher per- In ‘Washington mal considerable fraction In the city of about by the President and business of war mak- d to them this dded. kes a very fair show. ing in these comparisons. * * x x WABHINGTON TAX LEVY FOR 1920. Assessment. Rate. Levy. Realty .. ..$434,000,000 $19.50 $3,475,870 Personalty— Tangible.., 67,000,000 10.50 Intangible. 33,300,000 8.00 * $11,982,270 * % x Per capita tax levy comparisons fur- relative city tax-burdens, As we have doneMn 1915 and 1918 so smaller. let us do in 1920 in the comparison in tax burdens of a group of populous, intangibles d progressive cities with tax burden Take, fi great cities, Washingto; mediate neighbors to the north, Bal- 28 gas, electric 1l timore and Philadelphia. Add to the Phone companies, largest cities of Pennsylvania and compan| Maryland, on the Atlantic coast, Jer- banks, bullding associations, Pprospérou: the nearest 's larger Im- sixty-eight largest cities of the United States—all the cities of the 100,000 civillan war workers, invited United States having over 100,000 population, excluding itself. In 1920 its estimated true realty valuation per capita was larger than.that of ing at the capital headquarters. All any other of the thirteen typical the old disadvantages in per capita Cities with which it was com comparisons remain, & pared. It is perhaps the only city In the United States whose realty assess- centage of true value that the nom- iinal and reported percentage. Ac- cording to the census bygeau the re- ported relation of assessed to true value of real estate in Washington is 66 2-3 per cent. That is, under the x here, which requires that the essment shall be not ) ess than two-thirds, it is rated at 66 2-3. 1,800500 The actual relation, 999,000 has declared, averaged 70 per cent In other cities, with few in 1915. exceptions, the 1i of Of the typieal cities with which it nish the only relisble measurement of 18 compared in 1920 five have larger per capita tax Since the tax on the the assessor actual peroen levies and eight imposition of the tax on ‘Washington's is reasonably high. nchise, good will, lt;; personalty o of public utility corporations—su fes, sey City of the same section; then add measured by a New Orleans, the largest city in gross receipts (wl Louisiana and the south, and Atlanta, the largest city of Georgia; add the largest middle west citles, those of Illinois, Missourl, Ohio, Wis- tax, consin, Minnesota, Indiana, Kentucky considered i —that is Chicago, St. Louis, Clev land, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, Indian- apolis and Louisville; and Denver, the of permomal taxes largest city of Rocky mountain states. If Wasl ards, averages with hington’s tax burdem, ured by the most significant stand- Colorado, mean- creditably im these typical ‘wealthy cities, is not the capital equit- ably taxed? * * ok % In realty tax levy per capita five of the thirteen citl and eight are less. es exceed Washi The citi in or- hting and tele- ks and trust incorporated savings setc, percentage of the hich in Washington is unusually heavy)—is not classi- cities. 1s0 fled by the census authorities in the ike 1918 comparisons, as a personalty but i8 fairness should be thus xy comparisons with other In the 1920 typical cities, all kinds among the four dities exceeded beln, id %me!"; No State Benefits No State Tax The slight excess of tax burden of in‘ton other cities, when full state, county, der of their realty tax levy per capita and city taxes enter into the calcu- ar 29.82; Baltimore, 21.12; Chicago, 20.71; Milwaukee, 20.39. Indianapolis, Jersey City, ‘Washington, 18.37; aEton's realty tak Cegicimmiy Cities, be made as'in 1915 and 1918, high when it exceeds per eapita that Many of us contend that all state of Cleveland, st. Leuls, Dexver, New leans, tianta a Louisvillef Should it be raized 50 per cent? Shoula from the comparisons of city tax it be imcreased at all? In parsonl‘l’ p;;pehr‘tynux levdy' fi;ur cities exceed Washington end nine have smaller per capitas. In the or- !ributors substantially in te samé der of personal tax er capitas the citles arrange themselves as follows: Cleveland, 12.7 N Denver, 9.90; Minneapolis, 9.54; Wi ington, 8.01; Indianapolis, 7.8 ‘waukee, ville, 5. Philadelphia, ton’s 7.10; 1 In total general and special prop- is not erty tax levy Washington and seven cities had pal Snller per capitas In the followin® P’ goiac Chicago, 7.09; Louis- six - cities exceeded order: . Minneapolis, 39.55; Philadel- phia, 31. ; Cleveland, 29.81; Chicago, 28.15; Milwaukee, 28.35; Denves, 27.51; ‘Washington, 27.88; New Orleans, 25.92; 23.94; Atlanta, inneapoli the tép of ® Louisville at'the closely the total per capitas approx- ersey City, 25.75; A eanta 18.90; Louisville, 18. 4?““1"‘37" ’7‘{'1.-5 26. ndianapol 76; St. Low {s, s and Philadelphia st, and Atlanta and bottorn and note ho fmate i the cities that are compared: Cleveland, 29.8 waukee, 28.3 hTu‘, 27.38; ‘Bnlumon, Orleams, 2 I Fouin, 23.04. Ta mot total sey City, 25.75; Wi ’s suficlently heavy timore, eans, - z:‘-m-—v City and St. Louls? * 'The total tax levies that are nearest {o Washington Chicago, 29.15; Mil- 27.61; ‘ashe 27.08; New (ndianapolis, 25.93; Jer- tax lwynm capita when New, Orls * * ¥ in amount are as fol- Minneapolis, 30.01; Philadelphia, lations, disappears if state taxes are omitted from the ealculation (as 8t. Louls, 1793, they should be) or if the Beales equit- able deductions from state taxes, in comparing Washington taxes should be excluded equitably ‘burden: with other that (a) taxes to be equit- ably compared should be paid by con- aren, in to be distributed to beneficiaries ~ "..:1-0 l? Il.. for (.'E.:GIE-‘ of area alome; that in light pONTe. i Whi: of ‘this principle the municipal iax -~ and state tax are as wid and burdens benmefits. \ to be in which compensate for these FrEx Let us consider if the principle sound which requires that taxes equitably compare y contributors substantially ¥n arka, to be distribute ed should be ‘Deneficiaries in the same area, and for the"benefit of that area alone. The municipal tax including the county tax) and ghe mp, state tax-are as wide apart considered in the light of this' ~ They are separate and nct i personael of contributors, 1 of creation, in scope and Y area of aistribution. ' If the comparison, for instance, is poles, gfinclplo. st} n Jpurpose (sometimes 8 the between Washington and Baltimore there . should equ‘l"hbly be compared what Wis pend Baltimo! Baltimore. hingtonians liture in Washington and what pay for expéhditure in ‘What ' Washingtonians pay for ex- y for expenditure.in Washington g:nnot equitably be. compared with ‘what Bal pay as nange of a reans pay for expéndi- ture in_Baltimare plus what they Marylanders for the mainte- sovereign state and for state. expenditure in that Baltim as an_American with ecity calcul tures . L In ‘othier words, the taxes tuat the & Mary! et m';“vo nothing to do * x lons and compari- are pald. by Baltl- e epent in Bal- ders o 1 s tage | 1,200,000 relation of assessed to true valuation for phe ariaers s from one-third to three-fourths the mporta‘d percentage relation. * x x v e apart as e separate and distinet 6.48; Atlanta, 6.93; Baltimore, IR Dersommel of econtributors, in pur- nd area . and Your Iron Did You Get Is Giving Away Absolutely e 2 FREE! THIS WEEK Wuh!ntwn': :-: :-p{u 1 1 A $7.50 ELECTRIC lRON was $14.27, and this figure has With the OSCILLATOR 1920, $27.38. Baltimore began in 1911 \ $16.08, Washing Machine at in the latter year Wash- ington’s figure, which had previously The World’s Best Washing Machine With Special Features been exceeded by that of Baltimore, Solid Copper Tub passed that of the latter city. Balti- more went ahead of Wl.l’hlnglon in Fully Guaranteed Swinging Wringer B 1917 and fell behind fn 1918, and in Centralized Control 1920, when it was $27.08. Richmond’s per capita has increased every year Fully Inclosed Cabinet 8-Sheet Capacity except 1916, and has been less than Concealed Motor ‘Washington in- every year. Wil- mington increased every year and Automatic Oiling System Automatic Safety Release was less than Washington every year. Does Not Tangle the Clothes Now Selling at This Low Price except 1912, and was less than )| ‘Washington _every year. New Or- Jeans increased in every year It exceeded J _The factory experf \‘xil[ be here all this vantages this machine has over all other Washing Machine The Most Popular Washing Machine Thousands of Washington Housewives Use It We want to do your next washing in your home. There will be no charge for this demonstration, as it will enable you to see this wonderful machine in action before your very eyes. Call i or phone Main 5150. E LECT R I C WEBSTER COMPANY Distributors for the A B C Washing Machines 719 9th N.W, Meryp Rt Tooner Main 5150 Atlanta’s per capita has in- creased in every year except 1916 and 1917, including 1920. It has been less than that of Washington every year. Birmingham's per capita has increased every vear except 4916 and 1918, and has been less than that of ‘Washington every year. Chicago's per capitd has increased every year except 1913. It was greater every year than that of Washington. in- cluding 1920 Cleveland's per capita has increased every year except 1912 and 1913 and has been greater every yf -than Washington, including 1920. Milwaukee has increased every year except 1916 and 1918 and has ex- 'y ceeded Washington every year. In- - dianapolis’ per capita has increased every year and has been less than that of Washington every year, in- cluding 1920. Louisville’s per capita has increased every year except 1913 and 1917, and exceeded that of Wash- ington in 1911 and has been less in every other year, including 1920. per capita and nine were smaller. Washington’s property tax burden, combining its realty tax and its per- Sonalty tax, is heavier than that of most American cities, and averages up with that of cities approximating it in size and general conditions. One hundred and jseventy-six out of 227 American cities over 30,000 in popu- lation bore in 1918 a lighter burden. None of the group of neighboring cities and only one/of all the south- ern cities showed a higher property tax per capita. Im 1820 of typical cities four ha capita than Washington er. * % x % Washington’s city tax burden is so heavy that, even when compared with the total city, county and state tax burdens of taxpayers in other cities, Who enjoy state benefits and privi- leges which are denfed the Capital, it shows up creditably in the com- parison. Its showing is still better Wwhen, by the subtractiop of per cap- ita interest payments, the comparison tax burden necessarw for the present and future, eliminat- ing past graft or waste. Washing- ton's city tax burden alone was heav- ler in 1918 than the combined city, county and state taxes of such cities as New Orleans, Denver, Indianapolis, Atlanta, Birmingham and Richmond. In 1920 comparisons of typical cities ‘Washington's city tax burden alone was greater than the combined city, county and state taxes of such cities as St. Louls ‘and Loulsville, When interest payments are elimi- nated, Washington’s tax burden (even under the unfair standard of measurement employed against it) was, in 1918, greater than that of any of the group of nine neighboring citiesp of all but two of the twelve southern citles, and of all but four of the thirteen northern cities, with Which it was in that year compared. Its burden, thus measured, was great- er in 1918 than that of such cities as Philadelphla, Cleveland, Baltimore, Cincinnati, St Louis, New Orleans, Minneapolis, Seattle, Portland, Jersey City, India olis and St. Paul Promptest Service Day or Night 50c Ten Blocks 75c¢ City Proper should be excluded from these com- parisons.” My personal view is that, so far as concerns the only important benefits received by the citizen of a state (who lives in a city) in consideration of his state tax, Washington enjoys | no comparable benefit whatever, and on the principle laid down by Mr. Beales, all state taxes should be ex- cluded from the calculations. * x x x° ‘What are the benefits enjoyed by the citizen of a state which constitute the real consideration for the state taxes which he pays? If he lives in a large city of the state, is it the drib- let of state expenditures which the counties permit to get through to the city? No. The state tax which he Pays is essential to his status as Z ton? State taxes are paid trat one may nun:’ ‘Wwith thousands outside of one’s ho; city the privileges and benefits of citizens of the state, including presentation in Congress and the lectoral college and in a state legis- iture; a' recognized status in the United State Supreme Court, and the financial benefits which come from enjoyment of the land grants, boun- 10 ties, and so forth, which the nation has lavished upon the states. These land ts amount to 186, 524,723 acres of the public domain. ese money donations include over 316,000,000 from public land - sales, $28,000,000 ‘as “deposits” under the ®ct of 1836, and over $63,000,000 un- der the Mokrill act. A comfortable chairin the roomy observation car enroute to San Francisco is an orchestra seat at a panorama of historic and spectacular scenes. Crowded into a few pleasant hours (less than three days) are vistas that unfold the splendor of the Rockies—the charm of Weber Canyon— the Great Salt Lake—American River Canyon and the High Sierra. * 'The Union Pacific—following the Overland Trail —is shortest in miles and shortest in time to OVERLAND LIMITED e Chicago (C. & N.W. Terminal) daily at 8: .p.n. mfACIFIC LIMITED b Ctnu?: St. P. Station) daily at 10:45a.m. mdwdinq ol Lot and mnstwdupas,ly. M.&n osemite National Parks at L1 T i i : i *. » s and cost. I} i n Pacific S A %