Evening Star Newspaper, February 1, 1922, Page 4

_'HE_EVENING | STAR, WASHINGTON, D, C., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1922. ull Text of Statement by Committee on Limitation of Naval Armament JUSSERAND AND LEE IN SUBMARINE DISPUTE | Attitudes of France and England Explained During Lively Discussion—Naval Treaty Approved. The twentieth meeting of the com- mittee on the limitation of mnayal arnfament was held in American building Tuesday after- noon. January 31, 1922, at 330 o'clock. Following is the official re- port of the session The chairman (Mr. Hughes)_said that he was glad to be able to re- port, from the subcommittee of fif- charge the teen, which had had in consideration of the propos ing to the limitation of na ment that conclusion sly and embodied in a prop: R treaty. He pre- sented the treaty to the committee. 1t was somewhat long and he would hot attempt to read it. 1t had been considered. he sumed, by each cached Qelegation. as it had been passed upon by the chiefs of delegations, with “their experts, meeting in_the subcommittee of fifteen. Of course, ny of the dele- the Pan-! | if it was desived by an gates that the treaty should be re- viewed at this tim article by ar- ticle, that course wou taken. If he was right in the assumptign that each chief of de ion had been over the treaty with his delegation. the chairman assumed that the com- mittee could at once act upon it. The he suggested was that the | action proposed form of treaty, ‘which as passed |Lee have had for their object Dy the subcommittee of fifteen, | embodied the conclusions —reached with respect to the | limitation of | our naval authorities. mot naval armament, be approved and re- | to the conference at the plen- ion, which would be held the porte ary se: following day. The chairman asked if that course was agreeable. As all delegations assented, the chairman said it was so ordered. Mr. Jusserand said: Mr. President, I beg leave to sub- - mit to the committee a few observa- tions. 1 should like to have pre- sented them some time ago. but cir- There permit. cumstances did not that were other questions besides this one of n ment, and also it was A to explain myself without getting the necessary documents, which were not very easy to procure. " Explains French Position. “In the course of the last few weeks the country that I have represented in America for nearly twenty years n censured with extreme se- aind T might use another word: The letters f have been receiving, the articles which 1 have read, the con- versations in which I have taken part, s shows us a Very grave, serious misunderstanding is persisting in the minds of many as to the ideas of France. her faith and her aspirations. Many people continue to believe that although we are poor—and we are poor for reasons of which we are not ashamed—although we are poor that nted to establish a big navy, of big warships. Nothing of the Kind. We were only thinking of the case he future that might be ssary. and when we might be- come less poor, in order to resume on the high seas the rank which we have ever held. “To which which we 1 shall add: Of the coun- expected to approve ambition, our great, maritime neighbor was, in our opinion. to be the foremost, since there are so many chances that our fleet may prove of none, 1 use to Great Britain. and trust, that it should be harmful to her. /in the cou of the last cen- tury three great wars have taken in the world in which the Brit- fleets participated, and they fought side Can any- Ppla ish and French in these three war! by side for the same cause. g thing different be imagined? We do not think so. we of France. And even if our English friends adopted 2 different opinion, we would not change ours. Denies Passion for Submarines. “But the chief blame aimed at us had for its cause the question of the submarines. People continue lo‘be persuad-d_that we have a passion for these loathed machines and want o use them German fashion. All this i< chiefly grounded-on remarks made by the first lord of the admiralty at the sitting o i | - marine. “ships, | tory paradoxical, the author passes sweep- ing judgments on many men and problems and there are a number of points on which I disagree with him. He finds obviously pleasure in up setting commonly prevailing ideas: he generously distributes blame to many, to the English, to the Ger- mans, to the French. z “As'to the substance of the article. its purpose, which could not be sus- pected from_the extracts read. is to ow the uselessness of priva ing under any formn unless the try that has recourse to it is in ac tual possession of the high sea through the number and force of he main ships. The author glances at the past, examines the fate of the great perturbers of the peace through- out ages and who thought they could win through their corsairs. But they lost the game. Whether they used wood or steel boats, sailing or steam- or submarines, all under the same delusion. lacking a big fleet. they failed. He quotes the examp of Louis the XIV. Napoleon the Fi also the case of the south in the civil war; lastly, the Germans in the great war, concluded by our common vic- Lord Lee's Purpos Such is the purpose of the article, The quotations made from it by Lord as 1 take it, to show against Commander Castex and as a consequence agains to say France herself. four things: “First, that Capt. Castex is in favor of this hated submarine, the sup- pression of which is demanded by Great Britain from motives of hu- manity. Capt. Castex thinks it is true that the submarine may be use- ful for those who hold the mastery over the seas; an opinion which is not unfavorable to Great Britain. He is not the only one to think that this device must continue to exis 1 beg to quote as to this an author- ity which certainly our British friends will not decline to accept. ““To go to the other extreme. as was suggested in Some quarters after the armistice, and prohibit subma- rines altogether, is an equally unac ceptable proposal. It is clear that. as in the case of mines, the weaker naval states would never consent to forego the right to employ such a useful defensive weapon as the sub- Moreover, the idea of sub- mersible warships’ is still compara- Itively new, and future developments f December 30; they had | standing may entirely change the aspect of this question. The only reasonable attitude to adopt is to insist that such vessels shall be subject to the same rules of warfare as any other type of warship.’ “This_is drawn from the ‘Law of Naval Warfare” by J. A. Hall, lec- tdrer on - international law to ad- mirals' secretaries’ course, Ports mouth, second edition, London, 1921, page 17. “Second, Commander Castex is charged With seeing in the submarine a weapon for France—for ungrate- ful therefore and perfidious France— to smash the naval power of her present ally. Great Britain. Lord Lee quoted on this. as follows Jusserand Interprets Meaning. ‘Thanks to the submarine, after many centuries of effort; thanks to the ingenuity of man, the instrument. the system, the martingale is at hand which overthrow for good and all the naval power of the British empire. I have quoted this because, as I say, they are the utterances of a responsible member of the French naval staff who at the time of writ- ing was in a high position and was the actual head of a bureau. ““These things are known to our naval staff, of course; indeed, they were published to the world under the authority of the French naval stafr.’ = “The words ‘will overthrow for good and all the naval power of the British empire.’ those are not words of a Frenchman, nor that any French- man_would approve. The quotation given by Lord Lee began by three words _indispensable for the under- thereof and they were: an immense effect. still lasting. They; ‘This is the way the Germans are were based on an article by Com- mander C; reasoning——' What he was citing Stex. published in January, | was the point of view of the Ger-!yf the Bri 1920, who is now famous. but was not | mans, not the point of view of the hefore. and 1 had trouble to find a| French. difficult to understand that not once | done €0 and found that as]but twice Coramander Castex had copy and read it. “T have ‘The mistake is the more I the preceding page: ‘For our @me- mies these ships did represent, or, at least they thought 8o, the new “én- glne, the technical and-material up- settirg, that going to make every old_teaching- obsolet.’ “More than that, the very title of the article leaves mo doubt to its purport. For its complete | which had’ not been quoted. | ‘Synthesis of submarine wi characteristics of the German marine w e If. therefore. wants, on ount of the lines o cious about th. Krench be it must be and not the Britain. nmander about somet German enemies friends of ¢ at | o Thinks French View Clear. “Third, Capt. Castex has been repre- sented as_approving of the mou use of submarines German fashion. | am at a loss to y have French r peremptorily expre reverse. After fact that they used the could not be blamed as Germans, he’ he onl crstand how this ed - since the clearly, self to the the rine the ed hi uch on rey that can be set up against them is to have too frequently and in too many particular c meared the flag conducting submarine wi 1l with A crue! in no the purp and because, in the turned against their own inter, ng against them the unanimous condemnation of the conscience of the ilized people of the world Am 1 net entitled to mainta Comm stex was not on appro’ means, and stupid served way the war n that v not | Com der ¢ bly . teaching the the, to him in the I has been words that my héart U the thousht of them 1s follows , Who {o the senior no doubt, unle of takes what we regar this poison into the ears flicers of the French and it and cruel still bleedin: Wh wo off g famy and of the serving o Answer to Charge. Two-fold two-fold The answer to this is and simple enough. There is no need for us to change' our policy ex cannot teach what h famy, first. be sts second, because of lecturing nothing to do With | submarines; the subject of his le sons is the organization of the gen- Cas alled that in detests it eral staff. “The subject is so grave that 1 want to let you know what is acty {ally taught in French naval sch | as to the submarine and the Ge v of using it he following t will enlighten you fhe submarine weapon has turned nd against the Taving mania ploved it, and G i fortune came nd 3 feat of her land armics, but large measure from the | | hension of those who. in I have ordered it “The privateer: ut in a v comy war is forbidden in the form which has been give it by the ¢ That the mans may sidered the mo: solemn-engagements as scraps of per. that is their business. But it does not behgove Frenchmen to fol- low such shameful examples. The life of human societies, like that of s on good faith. and the { French have too often shown other i peoples how loyal one should be to give up now, under the effect of sur- prise caused by the submarine war. give up what has their glory in the past and m n, 1 am persuaded, their force in the future t the artiel known aid th. “It of Capt the Briti press regret that been < to being given by Capt. Laurent, the author of the passage I have just quoted and whose course of lectures has for its subject naval strategy, remain unknown. The apparently lesson I quoted cannot be to have had anvthing to do W present discussion, for it was tauzht on June 1. 1920. and appears in Com- mander Laurent's printed text, vol- ume 11, page 107 Denies “Infamy™ Is Taught. am justified, I believe. to say, as 1 conclude, that neither the infamy wrongly ascribed to Commander Castex nor any other is taught nor ever shall be tauzht in_any of those French naval schools from whence came the comrades of war that have fallen of late by the side of American and British officers and those of the other allied nations; nothing of the kind has ever been taught nor shall ever be. 3 “I beg to add one word. In the ses sion of the 23d of December the chief supposed sh delegation, to whom I am bound by a friendship so ancient that people have been born since we began to know each other, people who have had time to grow up and for the tone of the article it is rather taken the same precaution, saying at |cover themselves with glory in the B e - SPECIAL NOTICES. SPECIAL NOTICES. " T0_RRING A VANLOAD OF FUR- M :I' 'l:m“l' N York and Philadelphia. SMITH TRA FER_AND STORAGE CO. Asbestos Roofing Cement preserves and keeps any kind 1 apply same and guarantee your ‘and will repair all leaks arising Cements 1 of roof. 1 Trom mati uses free of charge. Also sold o bulk. 5-gal. buckets, $1 gal.. delivered. Tincoln 4219. Madison Clark, 1314 Pa. ave. s.e. [MPORTANT NOTICE. al deaths among the families ur members through the Knick ster. Iadies’ night of the South Gate Club be postponed to Tuesday evening, Februars 7. 8 o'clock p.m., at_the Sreade private ballroom. 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Yo lephons for an appointment to have them “Kinsman Optical Co. 705 14th Street N.W. TRUNKS REPAIRED , Also bags and all leather goods &-&nn:"-lmen. Eetimates avey, No charges for calling or delivery, ks and Sample Cases made to order. ham’s Manufactory. 80 L st. n.e. course of the last war, mentioned that Great Britaia alone was suffi- clently equipped in order to compete with submarine warfare, thanks to her gallant coas population, her ifishermen, so expert in everything ithat concerns life at sea. and he said had used 3,676 . to the immense that Great Britain submarine destro |advantage of France. who had on (257, and should cver the necessity again arise, Great Britain would have to protect France again. On this point I collected found that at the beginning of the |wartall who could bear a rifle were |sent to the front and a good many of our sailors and fishermen are now sea or along the cc but in the trenches, facing nos, facing east, facing Belgium and Alsace. “When the pitiless submarine war was started by Germany we set to work and did_our best to face this new danger, helping ourselves and the common cause. We are still filled with admiration for her sailors. All the world knows of our admira- tion for England's brave sailors, gal- lant and heroic at home, on the sea, the model of all nations. Our popu- lation, however, our Bretons, Nor- mans, Gascons and provencals, did, too, from common testimony, cred- itably well and they manned, in the perilous waters of western or south- ern Europe, pot 257 ships, but over 1,300 “Qur British friends, who live in a country of fair play, whilst we live in a country of the ‘franc jeu,’ will rot find it amiss if I have found it necessary to present these few re- marks. It is because we attach so much value to the friendship and con- sideration of the great people that the British are that I have thought these rectifications indispensable. Lord Lee Makes Reply. Lord Lee said ne was not aware that the matter just discussed was to be raised at that time, and therefore he was not in a position to reply in the detailed way which! might have been possible if hie had with him the rele- vant papers or the actual articles to whica M. Jusserand had referred. In any case, he did not think it would be necessary, in what he had to say, to take up point by point the various criti- cisms_which M. Jusserand was good enough to make of his previous speech, and which Lord Lee took, if he might say so, entirely in good part. He re- garded M. Jusserand, of course, as fully Justified_in putting forward tne. opposite view. Still less had Lord Lee any de- sire to resurrect a controversy which could in any way impair the good re- lations which existed, and which he hoped would always exist, between their two countries. He had to confess, however, that he was a little surprised at what seemed to him the whole-hearted and almost vehement defense which M. Jusserand had undertaken of the ar- ticle which had been written by Capt. Castex. It was true that M. Jusserand had said, at the com- mencement of his remarks, that there were certain passages with which he did not agree, but Lord Lee thought M. Jusserand would also admit that the burden of his speech that after- noon had been substantially a de- fense of the theories and the atti- t, tudes. taken up by, Capt. Castex ig'had tal b} th-thef information and | sleeping their last sleep, not in the | i 'Y | shakable oppo camp. | rocamp. i 1 i i 1 { Ver part of Thracy | & POINCARE ADVISED ON EASTERN POLICY French Experts Help Premier Prepare for Parley on Thrace and Smyrna. BY fhe Associated Press. PAY Februar. castern question was sidered by Premier Poincare and a number of experts at a conference in the Quai t night, which lasted early hour this morning. The confe to pre tish, 1—The near ol for the meeting of the rench_and Italian foreign which was to have been ¢ today. It was found that ministel held b the ment fer of the postpone- of con- the foreign ministers’ only made it more necs mine in what respects thi sh and French viewpoints differ to the aims of the two govern- ments. Among those consulted by 1 Premie Poincare were Gen. Gouraud, French high comm er in Syria and nmander-in-chief of the French rmy in the east; Gen. Weygand, French high commission- antinople; M. Boissiere of in Bank, M. Des Closeicres, the Ottoman debt; Pei Pelle, er in Cor the Otton expert on ‘n th neli programs for a settlement : qUeslion CONCerns more par- Smyrn nd Thrace and the 1 _conditions on which the might intervene ther regards Smyrna, the British, ac- g to the French press, merely cgest an international combin which would insure alied su- in adjacent waters, while - French think that the nomination lly chosen governor, to- h™ municipal autonomy, will suffice to insure the protection of the Christian minority. As 1o Thrace, the British are credit- ed with favoring only slight modifica- tion of the Tchatalja line fixed in the aty” of Sevres, while the French ider it essential that the fron- ticr give the Ottoman empire the holy city of Adrianople and the great- The lity French writers claim that in ind the question of fron- that of the Dardanelle the n of the se; the or Constant giv minimum inde- in Any m. the whether dominate be the spensable.” say, would meet the un- ition of the Turks. The Brit this xo thoroughly, ys -Brice in_ Le Journai that they propose the French army 1 with the task of overcom- stance. be charg: ing the Ottoman res ticle. He did not know wheth- colleagues here had all had an opportunity to read as a ‘whole, but whatever might be the opinion with regard to this or that individual passage—and he would come to that in a moment there could be no question whatso- ver that the main thesis of the ai ticls that its main purpose, was, in- the first place, to point out that the iracteris of German submarine warfare—that to say, “unlimited ubmarine war —were inevitable in the circumstances of the late war and that the critics who denounced them were really taking up an un- reasonable and almost absurd Pos tion. Capt. Castex ridiculed the ob- jections to these methods of warfare und even went so far as to claim that they had originated on the French side of the Rhine, like, as he d. so many other good ideas which the Germans had adopted. That was the general tone and the whole tenor of the article. Scores Castex for Article. He could not believe, although his knowledge of French naturally did not equal that of M. Jusserand's, that there was any other possible inter- pretation of the whole spirit of the article, however full it might be of paradoxical observations. He Sug- ed that it was a very dangerous thing to indulge quite so liberally on uch a subject in paradoxes as this distinguished naval authority ap- peared to have done. It led to am- biguities and to misunderstandings, possibly of a very serious character. Tlis main point was—and he was prepared, of course. if he had misrepy resented any particular passage or the bearing of any particular pass- age—to withdraw any observation that he might have made upon it— but he did not withdraw, for one mo- ment, the general feeling of condem- nation and horror which he thought any one reading the article as a whole !'must have for-the views which Capt. Castex there expressed and cham- pioned. He was glad to see, more- over, that they were condemned by no one in_more vigorous terms than by Capt. Castex's brother officer, Ad- miral de Bon. who described them as “monstrosities”—that was his phrase, if he recalled it aright; and it was almost as promptly—at any rate, on the first opportunity—re- pudiated in the most formal manner by M. Sarraut, speaking on behalf of the French government. It was, therefore, expressly condemned in the first place by the great service to which Capt. Castex belonged, and, secondly, by the accredited repre- sentative of the French government. Accepts French Repudiati Directly that was done, Lord Lee took the first opportunity, here in this_room, of accepting, in the most whole-hearted way, the repudiation by.the French government of the ar- ticle and the sentiments contained in it. He further expressed the hope that the incident would be regarded as satisfactorily closed, and was so given to understand in the reply which M. Sarraut was good enoush to make on that occasion. Not having the article here, and not knowing that the subject was coming up this afternoon, Lord Lee was not in a position to analyze the particular passages which M. Jus- serand had just quoted, but his own view was that although some of them may possibly have been conceived in the spirit of paradox, they were also ambiguous, and that whatever might be M. Jusserand’s view of them, from reading the article, Lord Lee could not conceive any doubt whatsoever as to what was in the mind of Capt. Cas- tex, and that was that he was'a whole-hearted supporter of the nece! sity of the German system of un- limited submarine warfare. which had been stigmatized as piracy by this conference, in the formal resolutions proposed by Mr. Root. M. Jusserand made it a further cause of offense that he, Lord Lee, had sug- gested, tnat Capt. Castex might. be teaching these views to the officers’ course of which he had been appointed a principal lecturer. Well, if an of- ficer held views of that character, which Capt.. Castex thought of suffi- cinet importance, ahd which were deemed of sufficinet importance, to be published in the representative service technical publication “under the au- thority of the general staff’—although they were careful, in all such cases, to €ay they did not necessarily take re- sponsibility for what we said—it was a fain assumption that, holding taose views, and having expressed them 80 prominently. Capt. Castex should con- tinue to expound them to the officers to whom he lectured in the course of his duty. Lord Lee was very glad to know that such was not to be the case, as'it obviously could not now be the case, in view both of the professional and the political repudiation of those views by the government under which Capt. Castex served. Why Lord Lee Urged Ban. He said that Mr. Jusserand hc then. ‘mken of another matter. He ed, of the part that France ence originally was call- | British! other ! the article | SHANTUNG TREATY | ‘Ma Soo, representative here of the \soulheru or Canton government in ]soum CHINA HITS | that the Chinese people will not recognize the proposed Shantung treaty now being drafted in Washing- ton by Chinese and Japanese dele | Bates to the Washington conferen | The Canton government has not been | recognized by any of the powers at- ' tending the conference. bad p seas. ed in the late war, on the No one who had pot, like Lord | Lee, had the honor of representing the British admiralty, could Kknow |whal a great part France had played, to the utmost limit of her ability. Nothing, the speaker said, was fur- ther from his intention or that of Balfour, than to suggest' thc allest reproach to France for not aving been able, with all her other obligations, to put forth a greater effort for the suppression of the sub- marine. All knew she did her utmost. But this must be said in regard to the lale controversy the sub- marine: The situation of the late war might occur again, in years to jcome. In that war, practically the i whole burden of dealink with the hmarine ‘menace, which had affected France as it had affected Great Brit- ain, was thrown upon the latter power. Iie remembered Admiral de Bon saying that no one could recall without profound emotion the sacri- fices, burdens and anxieties that were thrown upon Great Britain as the result of that submarine campaign. {In these cure and knowing how mearly that campaign had sue- ded, eat Britain position to do must remind France might. not be again, and to put {Torth unother effort sufficient 1o de ifend both France and herself. I3 had therefore ventured to ursge, the interest of both_their countri ! thdt submarines should be suppressed ‘;L‘:E‘Qm"i because without that sup- ssion that perilous situz pressi perilous situation might That was the main and the reason for the dexire of the Britien 0 abolish submarines, P 1o abolis hbmarines, and that that British empire dele regretted so deeply. that Franee knowing all the circumstane should have refused their request and should have insisted u d ould ha sis pon fore- ing this intolerable burden upon them in a future war, if the circum- stances should recur. Pleads for Friendnhi | Lord Lee dia not want 10 jupen what might be considered a {controversial reply to M. Jusserand bout ne desire not to rease her naval a He knew noth- jing of the desire or motives of | I'rance ip that matter. All the Brit- ish empire delegation said was that as a matter of fact France was pro- Dosing to treble her existing fleet of ! submarines. They objected strongly to that, and they huad stated their objections, and they did not wish to enlarge upon them again on this oc- asion. They, on the other hand desired in every way to limit arn ment. They had reduced their own navy drastically, at this conference, and had gone further, since the com- mencement of the conference, to show their good will and their de- ire to assist France and to relieve {her from these unnecessary burdens. { They had offered her a guarantee by | the whole of their armed forces by land, sea and air, to protect her st any aggression on her coast v had done everything that w. possible in that way to show their good will and good faith, and they had desired in all' these matters to mb, i work with and to assist France. Therefore, he would say as a final word, and with an apology to his colleagues for having detained them %0 long. that he desired from the depths of his heart to see not only maint ed, but improved, the good trelations that existed between Great Britain and her great neighbor across the channel, and it was the desire of his country, and certainly his own desire, that no word should be said that could in any way im- ' pair that good feeling. He hoped, Jjust as his French friends and allies hoped, that Great Britain and France should go forward together in these matters, not only as friends and al- lies, but hand-in-hand for the recon- straction of Europe and civilization. Lee Interrupts Jusserand. Mr. Jusserand said: L shall say only one word. I note with deep jov the last remarks made by the first lord of the admiralty. ! With that I agree from my heart, and |1 may assure him that all my com- ipatriots do. 1 must contest that if the submarine be preserved it is owing to France; so many unpleasant things have been reported as having for their cause France, when it is not so. As a matter of fact, the vote against the British proposal was unanimous, including the United States. both through their delegation and their advisory committee. Lord iLee has again spoken of our inten- tion of building a large number of submarines. We shall in reality build them or not in accordance with our need and our means. That Commander |Castex really condemned the sub- {marine war, German fashion, 1 could {prove by reading again the passage quoted a moment ago.” Lord Lee interrupted to sa { “I only say he cited those special joccasions as having spoiled the Ger- man case, which he otherwise thought was a good one.” M. Jusserand then remarked: “I don’t understand it that way,” and continued with his speech. | “*“What.I said of the paradoxical dis- | position of Commander Castex re- ferred chiefly to his sweeping his- torical remarks, like those on ‘per- turbers’ being represented as always mystical. But I do not want to in- sist. With Lord Lee I am ready to leave the question to the judgment of our colleagues -when they have a chance of reading the whole article under discussion. I want to end re- peating_ that the last words pro- nounced by Lord Lee are those which in this controversy I chiefly want to remember.” The chairman then read the treaty embodying the resolution in regard to submarines and poison gas, which | was unanimously approved and or- dered reported to the plenary con- ference. The committee then adfourned sub- ject to the call of the chair. CHILE SENDS ENVOYS TO CONFER WITH PERU Representatives Named for Wash- ington Parley on the Ancon Treaty Dispute. By the Associated Pres: SANTIAGO, Chile, February 1.—The government has asked Luis Iaquier- do and Carlos Aldunate Solar to rep- resent Chile at the conference in ‘Washington to settle the dispute with Peru over the unfulfilled clauses of the treaty of Ancon, it is announced by Minister of the Interior Tocornal. Senor Izquierdo, now minister to Ar- gentina, was the Chilean delegate to the pan-American financial congress in Washington. Senor Aldunate Solar is a prominent lawyer, ber of the cabinet and ber of the senate. former mem- e thme mem- Headaches from Slight Colds Laxative BROMO QUININE Tablets relieve the Headache by curing the Cold. A tonic laxative and. germ destroyer. The genuine bears the ture of E. W. Grove. (Be sure you get BROMO). 30c.—Advertisement. GERMAN STRIKE ORDERED. By the Associated Press. BERLIN, February 1.—The execu- tive committee of the Railway Men's Union has decided to proclaim a gen- ral strike on the railways beginning at midnight tonight. The vote was 20 to 15, ey REFUNDING BILL [ !Comhlission Would Get Au- thority — Effort to Attach Soldier Bonus Defeated. Passage of the bill authorizing the refunding of the $11,000,000,000 foreign debt into securities maturing in not more than twenty-five years was ac- complished in the Senate last night by a vote of 39 to 25. Senators Borah, La Follette and Norris, re- publicans, joined with the solid dem- ocratic minority in opposing the bill. The measure now goes Lo conference. ‘nder the terms of the bill a com- of five members, headed by cretary of the sury, would authority, subject to the ap- of the President, to refund and 40 extend the time or proval or convert of the payment of the principal the interest, or both, of the foreign debt. The date of the maturity of the ol ligations accepted by the commissia could not extend beyond June 15, 1947, and the interest rate could not be less than 4% per cent. Bonds of one foreign government could not be -epted for those of another, nor! could any part of the foreign indebt- | edness be canceled. T life of the commission would be three years from the date of the upproval of the act, and the mem- ., other than the Secretary of the ury, would be appointed by the President, subject to confirmation by the Senate. During its life the com- m n would be required to make annual reports to Congress at the| beginning of each regular session | in December. ] Only members of the cabinet and of Congress will be appointed on the debt commission, according to Senator Watson, republican, Indiana, |Who told the Senate during debate Ilhav. although he was not au<l thorized by the President to make such an announcement, he neverthe- less knew that this was the Presi- dént's intention. Efforts to udd a soldiers’ bonus provision to the measure, to limit the authority of the commission in de- ferring intere payments, and to re- quire congress 1 approval of the bond conver: N agreements failed. The Senate did adopt, however, an amendment by Senator Wal demo- crat, Mas#uchusetts, requiring the | commission_after the conclusion of each refunding negotiation to report | the results to the Senate. Senator Walsh explained that the object wasi to give “pitiless publicity’ to the work of the commission. LEGATION HEARS GREECE WILL NOT GIVE UP SMYRNA } 1 1 . Statement Says Press Is United | |HIGH RAILWAY FARES By Wirelews to The Star and Chicago Daily e Even “wanderlust” has become a | costly luxury here. Once the cheapest and most passion among the German peo- ple, the desire for travel, has be- come one of the most expensive of pastimes and can only by the near rich, the rich and newly rich. KEEP AVERAGE GERMAN | FROM LEAVING HOME? Copyright, BERLIN, Germany, January 31.— » SureRelief ESTION JELL-ANS 25¢ and 75¢ Packades Everywhere widespread | | be Indulged in On February 1 rail- road fares, including those on the suburban lin per cent. Commuters and commercial trav. el crease in the cost of living. The new ., 80 up another 7% ers are hard hit by this new rates will bring the first- class fare from Berlin to Cologne or Munich, for instance, from o0 m: to 815 marks (about $41 at cur- rent 80 high that the average man can no longer think of leaving town in dying relativ or other fami hi the invariable custom even among the poorer people before the war. Staying at home has become fash- .o arks (51 ) before the war up exchange) now. Fares are a hurry to the bedside of a attend a wedding event or spend vacation in the country, as was s nable. High School Books 'Pearlman’s Book Shop G. D. Pearlman, Prop. ' 933 G St. Only "‘F&r Office Help Phone Main644 " Read All the LATEST FICTION For ZSC Per Book ' PEARLMAN’S BOOK SHOP G. D. PEARLVMAN, Proprietor 933 G Street Only Against Returning Land to “Turkish Slavery.” The Greek legation here received from Athens this morning an epit- omized expression of the attitude of | the press of Greece in connection with suggestions from various sources that Greece would be com- pelled to withdraw its armies from Asia Minor, where they are now bat- {ling with Turkish forces. The in- formation received by the legation stated that the entire press of the Hellenese is unanimous in its oppo- sition to any idea relating to the restitution of Smyrna to Turkey, de- claring “that Greece will never ‘con- sent to the return to the tyrants of the territory freed from a slavery lasting five centuries, and no gover ment would ever be found in Greece to_carry out such a decision.” The legation also received a report lof the anual statement of the N. tional Bank of Greece, which inst tution corresponds to the Treasury Department in this country, and which clearly “showed the stability and financial strength of the nation” at this time when suggestions are ad- vanced _concerning _withdrawal of troops from the field of battle. Ac- cording to the financial statement, which was said to be significant in view of the approaching Genoa con- ference, a net profit of the bank is shown to be one hundred million drachmas. The financial condition of {the country and the solidarity of | commerce were said to indicate a near restoration of practically normal con- ditions throughout Greece. February gets its name from the old Roman god, “Februs,” the deity whose special business it was to pro- duce fertilitv_in_nature. NOURISHMENT is Nature’s first aid to the body in times of Scott's Emulsion nourishment in aform, ' Seott & Bowne, Bloomfield, N.J. 20-19 i 14th Street Heights - Price $10,500 Eight-room, semi-de- tached, modern home of unusual construction. There are breakfast and sleeping porches and am- ple room for garage. This is a brick house, and has southern exposure. We sincerely believe that this is a bargain. Terms arranged. Hedges & Middleton, Inc. 1334 H Street N.W. ~ In 30 Days TOUCH TYPEWRITING One-fourth the Time and About One-fourth the Cost. Our Gradustes Are in. Demand. Investigate fid You Will Enrell, BOYD BUSINESS COLLEGE ‘The Official Boyd School. B A BROWNLEY BUILDING (1304 FSt.NW.) ~ .. . M.ame i SPECIAL NOTICE The Baltimore and Ohio R. R. announces that all operations were resumed at its freight station, handled as usual. ew York and Florida avenues n.e., beginning 4t noon TODAY, at both inbound and outbound sheds. All carload and less freight I spirit at 7% It is typical, moreover, of the substantial business properties in the heart of Washington by which our 77, Safeguarded First Mortgage Investments are secured. Denominations : $100, $500, $1,000 Ten-Month Investment Savings Pian NO LOSS TO ANY INVESTOR IN 49 YEARS ke EHSMITH ©MPANY ounded H;}‘ WASHINGTON, D. C. Temporarily located at 1414 and 1416 I Street, N. W., pending completion of The New Smith Building. Build With Us The New Smith Building, soon to rise on the site of our old structure at 815-817 Fifteenth Street, typifies the growth and progressive of the investment house whose name it bears. Less than cost for these fine, All- wool Overcoats. Ulsterettes with the large, convertible collars, belts in back. In brown, gray, etc. Sizes 35to 42. Reduced to............. $30--:35 Overcoats $1 5.00 A February Clearance of Men’s and Young Men’s Suits Odds and ends of our regular $30 and $35 Suits. The majority of them are strictly all-wool.- Won- derful snaps at..cicee.cceieaccceee Match Your 0dd Coats With Our Special TROUSERS Hundreds of pairs to choose from. all’ materials, patterns and shades. In You can find the pair you are looking for from ‘our immense stock. 65