Evening Star Newspaper, November 21, 1921, Page 3

' - MR. HARDING, IN BACKGROUND. -AWAITS ADVENT OF ANY CRISIS Reposing Faith in Delegation, ‘President Withdraws From Active Participation, But Remains Ready to Intervene. being fully stated and joined. It is : : oy Enehenat (e b hats, haan Iy sitting in the background with his|Up 0 0roq" gng ‘when some. of them hand on the pulse of the conference on | gai ot ho dragged cut, when the cone the - limitation of armaments, ready to | ference itself has reached an impasse, diagnose and remedy any unfavorable | that the President may be expected President Warren G. Harding Is quiet- symptoms or any crisis which may de- velop. Having launched the conference by the dellvery of one of the most no- table state papers in the history of the government, the worth of which was, temporarily lost in the excitement oc- | casloned by the simultaneous presenta tion of the American plan for naval | disarmament, the President has been | content ‘to withdraw from the picture | until such time as the conference may require the further services of a plenary physician _who has full power of de- on in_his hands. When he addressed the conference at 1its opening session. President Harding gave volce to the hope of the world that peace on earth and good will might be Treflected in_the achievements of this conference in the direction of under- standing and disarmament. The Pre: dent knew in advance that what he said would probably be effaced for the moment by the sensational proposals of the American delegation, but he con- tented himself with the erection of the first monumental milestone which ‘can always be pointed back to when occa- sion arises—namely, the hope of the world and the duty of governments to gee to it that the purpose of this confer- ence shall not fail. . Has Faith in Delegation. Any one who knows the quiet de- termination of President Harding when he is sure he is right will not be confused by his self-effacement from the limelight of the conference at this time. The American delega- tion is the representative of the go ernment of which he is the head, and with characteristic farsightedness the President is reposing his faith in that delegation, which up to this time has conducted itself with a sense of re- sponsibility and discretion worthy of the highest traditions of American diplomacy. The conference itself is in its infancy. The issues are now | to appear in the role of a mediator, or, If necessary, to appeal to the gov- |ernments which sent their delegates here. President Harding has the habit of reposing full faith in the men he ap- points to office and in conceding good faith to those who are appointed Ly others to confer with them. He an- nounced in his opening address that he had “faith” that this conference would accomplisah along practical lines what it was. called upon to achieve. While he spoke earnestly, yet softly, the President will never lose sight of the mark he set up for the conference to shoot at nor fail to keep the conference aimed, as it is now aimed under the guidance of the American delegation, in the right di- rection. Roosevelt in Same Position. The last American President to oc- cupy the trategic position ~which President Harding now holds was Theodore Roosevelt at the time of the Portsmouth peace conference. Al- though the United States was only the host nation of that conference, President Roosevelt was kept in close touch with its deliberations. When the final crisis was reached, President Roosevelt did not hesitate to appeal, not only to the delegates, but to their governments, for a harpy solution, and his efforts were rewarded in spirit and in letter. It may well be that the present con- ference on the limitation of arma- ment will conclude its work happily the methods suggested by the President in his opening address. If, on the contrary, in the heat of con- sideration of the details of the pend- ing proposals. both as to armament and far eastern questions, the confer- ence should lose sfght of the main objectives, President Harding is walit- ing patiently at the White House to administer the antidote. Slovakia Declared Satisfied With Her Autonomous State BY ALEXANDER BROZ. (Attache of the Czechoslovak legation in London.) ! i (Bpecial Correspondence of The Star and Chi- cago Daily News.) LONDON, October 30.—Many people readily believe the Magyar propagan- dists who assert that the Czechs con- sider Slovakia as an annexed province, that the Czechs have broken the agree- ment, according to which Slovakia was o receive autonomy; that it is not cer- tain whether the Slovaks wish to re- main within the Czechslovak state. It is worth while, therefore, to re- call that neither the Czechs nor the themselves by means of autonomous bodies containing about forty mem- bers who will be elected by the votes of all citizens, irrespective of sex, on a system of proportional representa- tion. These areas thus have all the attributes of democratic local autono- my. From the representative bodies of all the areas will be elected an administrative council, for all Slo- vakia, also by proportional represen- tation. This council will be composed of twenty-four members, eight of whom, under the presidency of the director of Slovak administration, will attend to the executive authority for Slovakia. Hence, the adminis- trative autonomy of Slovakla is as- sured on the one hand by the terms of the constitution and on the other sm‘r;ku de‘rlnlm?d neflp:ralted inde-| by actual practice. pendence; they demandes ndepend- e e e s "Iy | - Few Seek Political Autonomy. Slovak local national councils, to the number of over 100, which were form- ed after the military collapse of the Hapsburg empire, ldentified them- selves with the declaration issued on October 30 by the central Slovak national to the effect that the Slo- vaks regarded themselves as an in- :rlnl part of the Czéechoslovak na- on. In view of these facts, therefore, it i3 neither accurate nor just to say that the Czechs consider Slovakia as an an- nexed province, or that they deny the Slovaks their right of self-determina- tion, for it is precisely because the Slovaks made use of their right of self-determination that they are in the Czechoslovak state. Of course, there was no plebiscite. but to every one who knows how the Czechs and Slovaks struggled and fought in union during the great war in order to achieve their independence it must be obvious. that this was a sufficlent proof of their will as regards their state allegiance. Pittsburgh Agreement. The so-called Pittshurgh agree- ment, or resolution, of which the Magyars are attempting to make cap- ital in their agitation among the Slovaks, was arrived at on October 8, 1918, at a meeting of representatives of the Slovaks in the United States. It was signed by President Masaryk, who was then in America. This reso- lution contained a scheme for the ad- Jjustment of the relationship between the Czechs and Slovaks. However, it contained no reference to the manner in which a suitable system of admin- istration was to be insured upon the territory of liberated Slovakia, the alm of the American Slovaks being to assure the future autonomous status of Slovakia within the Czecho- slovak state. Slovakia, however, actually possess- es an autonomy, since it has a min- ister plenipotentiary and decides about its own affairs. In accordance ‘with the principles of the constitu- tlon, the whole republic is divided into twenty autonomous areas, six of ‘which compose Slovakia. These areas ‘will be administered by the Slovaks SPECIAL NOTICES. Absolutely political and legislative autonomy is not desired by the great majority of the Slovak people. Such autonomy would necessitate financial autonomy as well, but Slovakia, plundered as it was by the former Magyar regime, is not financially self- supporting. A further reason why the majority of the Slovaks do not de- sire political autonomy is that they do not regard themselves as form- ing a_ subordinate minority in the state. but wish to take an active part in the affairs of the state on an equal footing with the Czechs. There is, however, a party in Slo- vakia—the so-called peoples party— which, under the leadership of Father Hlinka, is endeavoring to obtain political autonomy. But this party is in the minority. At the parlia- mentary elections in April, 1919, it obtained only 231,000 votes out of a total of 1,000,060 Slovak votes. Yet even this party takes its stand un- waveringly upon the basis of the Czechoslovak republic. Neither in the national assembly nor in the senate does it ever take action as an in- dependent body or as an independent political club. Its twelve representa- tives are members of the “Political Club of the Czechoslovak People's Party,” the chairman of which fis Mgr. Sramek, a Czech, the vice chair- man being Father Hlinka. Since being liberated from the Mag- yars Slovakia has made great prog- ress, especially as regards education. ‘During the Magyar regime all schools were in the hands of the Magyars. ‘With the exception of a few schools where the work wag carried on by a handful of teachers who were evan- gelical for the greater part, the in- struction was Magyar, both in letter and spirit. After the liberation of Slovakia it was necessary to provide schools of a Slovak character, at least in those districts inhabited by Slo- vaks in compact masses. As the number of Slovak teachers was in- sufficient, the work was carried on with the help of Czech educators. To- day there are more than 4,000 ele- mentary schools, secondary schools, SPECIAL NOTICES. PAINTING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. V. C. OFFUTT, 307 K st. n.e. Phone Linc, 5352. 2] FLOORS LAID, SCRAPED nd refinished: old work a ialty. Phor L. KISSELL, 237 Rth st. n.0v, Line. W, fter 4 p.m. o GRAND AND UPRIGHT PIANOS FOR RENT: nos taken i Bibwe Worch and Emerson piancs. c. Ladies, Attention! Hair Coloring is an Art. THE FRENCH HAIR SHOP Gives FREE advice on HAIR TROUBLES. Hair Coloring, Scalp Treatment, Hair Goods. Consult the French Hair Shop, 709 12th st. n.w. Frank. 2223. 29¢ A New Roof With a Brush When you use Liquid Asbestos Roofing Cement. 1 will aj same and guarantee roof five ears from all leaks. Also_sold in bulk. OUR TRUCKS LEAVE “WASHINGTON FOR | Tianiog, Gutters and Spouts. Prompt servics. Philadaiphia and New York tvery Tusoday and | Madison Clark, 1314 Pa; ave. se. Linc. 215, Friday. SMITH'S TRANSFBR AND STORAGE Dr. KUHMERKER, Surgeon Chi Removed from 012 14th St. Idg., Room American Bank bldg., 1318 F St. N.W. Main Furnaces Repaired 0ld Heating Plants Made Neéw. R. K. FERGUSON, Inc. 1114 9th St. Phone North 231-232. Roofing Experts. PRINTING That leaves nought to be desired. HIGH GRADE, BUT NOT HIGH PRICED. ‘THE SERVICE SHOP BYRON S. ADAMS, FPRINTERS, ? 512 11th St. YOUR OLD WOOD FLOORS made new, plaged, scraped and repolished ; new Hoors laid. Call anty hour. C. ADAMS, Franklin 6347. > 1250 C St. S W. See to Porch R CLAFLIN FOR EYEGLASSES. Put Yowr Roof | —in good shape NOW—before the imow flies! We'll make things suug and tight—free from ruinous leal Call us up today. Feel safe Roofing, 1416 F st. n.w. L Company. Phone Main 14, ~ We Will Furnish Stock, 20-1b, boud, and print 500 each, Letterhead: Fuveiopes and Billheads, 1,500 in all, for $0.50, The Duplicating Office = 14th and Pa. ave. 3.w. Phone Main @71 Beaver |27 bt mow berins 1 v |« CLAFLIN OPTICAL CO, Board |B¥Hul o™ ™ | ~Ti Roofs—Siag Kool REPAIRED AND P Maia = Wash. Loan & ks. | Speaks THE EVENING STAR,- WASHINGTON;, D, C., MONDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1921 Delegates to Start Detailed Discussion on Chinese Problem Today “5-5-3” RATIO INDORSED BY ENGLAND, ACCORDING TO CURRENT REPORTS By the Associated Press. As an aftermath of the Saturday conference between Secretary Hughes, Mr. Balfour and Admiral Kato, it was learned on highest authority that Great Britain has indorsed without reservation the “5-5-3" ratio proposed in the American naval limitation plan, qualifying her acceptance as one “in principle” only because of hef desire to propose modification of the submarine and replacement feature. This conference also was said in authoritative Japanese circles to “cleared the air” of many to the confidence that an ntual accord would be reached. WO OWNS CHINA? MUST BE DECIDED Conference Committee Will Discuss Many Scattered Spheres of Influence. BY JUNIUS B. WOOD. “What is China?”" will be the first question discussed by the conference committee on far eastern problems now that Chiha and Japan have publicly presented their generalities on that | portion of Asta. The committee must decide whether it is going to consider China as it was sixty years ago and China as it still s looked upon in the popular mind or China as it is today, making a careful discrimination as to what portions of it have been parti- tioned among other powers, what por- tions are foreign concessions and what portions are more or less permanent spheres of influence. The men who speak for China consider all of the China of sixty years ago as China to- day and go so far as to hope for a de- cision when the foreign encroachments will terminate. Great Britaln Holdings. Shantung is the latest of these acquisitions and the one most fre- quently mentioned. China, however, refers as well to others more sancti- fled by time, and compared to the age of China, they are quite recent. Great Britain holds Hongkong and Wei-Hal-Wei. Though Britain prop- ably would be willing to_relinquish Wel-Hei-Wel, she feels differently as to the island of Hongkong. where she would prefer to extend har juris- diction beyond Kowloon on the op- posite mainland. She also has plans as to Tibet as a sphere jof influence at least. France occupies Indo-China with a well defined sphere of influence in Yunnan province of China proper. _Portugal occupled Macao, which is little more than a cathedral and many dilapidated gambling houses, but is one of the few mites remalf- ing to that once great colonist nation. Japan's Sphere of Influence. Japan_holds a lease on the Liao- tung (Kwangtung) peninsula. with the cities of Port Arthur and Dairen, which she does not .intend to cancel even If it is necessary to fight, while her sphere of influence in Manchu- ria and outer Morgolia is equally well defined. In addition to these definite areas, all powers maintaining treaty rela- tions with China, including the United States, have business and residence concessions exempt from Chinese jurisdiction in the largest treaty port cities and enjoy extra territorial rights through the republic. In south China, the Canton govern- ment firmly holding the rich prov- ince of Kwangtung and claiming con- trol over more than half the old em- pire, requires a further definition of “What is China?" This is the pro- gressive part of China. closely re- lated to the United States by emi- gration and teaching, men with short hair and women with unbound feet, and requires consideration if the con- ference is to assist Cina toward a permanent settlement of her Internal troubles. —_— together with commercial and tech- nical institutes, and the nucleus of a university at Bratislava. Moreover, eighty German schools have been established, where under the Magyar regime there were none. There can be no doubt that certain mistakes have been made, especialy as regards the administration of Slo- vakia. Such mistakes, however, were bound to occur in view of the fact that the country had to be buiit up from nothing. Moreover, the whole of the system of gdministration, of justice, of food supblies, was differ- ent in Slovakia from that in the Czech regions. Owing to the lack of com- petent officials among the Slovaks, it wag necessary to supply Slovakia with Czechs, who were thoroughly efficient in their home duties, but were bewildered when faced by adminis- trative conditions entirely strange to them. Hence arose some dissatisfac- tion among the Slovaks. However, the agitation against the Czechs in Slovakia is due mainly to unjust gen- eralizations drawn from isolated in- stances. Slovakia, though much neglected by the Magyars, I8 a country with a prominent future. North Slovakia has state-owned forests the value of which i enormous. The country also contains a large number of spas and some of the most beautiful scenery in the world. When sufficient railway communication has been established Slovakia may become a second Swit- zerland. She has abundant supplies of ores and her connection with the industrial district of ;Ostrava-Karvin and the electrification by waterpower snould transform the country into & rich industrial district. “DISARMAMENT,” SUBJECT OF POEM BY WHITTIER John Greenleat Whittier wrote the following lines many years ago. The passage is, perhaps, more suggestive and potential at the present moment than at any time since.lts concep- tion and, at the suggestion of W. Burton Benham, 1354 Parkwood place northwest, they are herewith re- printed: 5 DISARMAMENT. “‘Put up the sword!" The voice of Christ once more s in the pauses of the cannon's roar O'er flelds of corn by flery sickles reaped And left dry ashes, over trenches heaped With nameless dead, o'er cities starving slow Under a rain of fire,’ through wards of woe, Of desola , ‘Waiting to hear the step that never comes! O men and brothers! lot that voice be heard, War falls, (ry peace; put =p the useless rord: “Hate bath no harm for love,” ‘“‘and peace mweny Conquers every wrong " e URGED TO REGISTER. Unemployed: Veterans Asked to Re- I APAN WOULD LIMIT CHINA DISCUSSION Desire Seen to Only Super- ficially Consider Delicate Issues Involved. BY LEROY T. VERNON. Japan's general reply to the prin- | ciples advanced by China for the {guidance of the conference on the limitation of armament in dealing with questions pertinent to China, while couched in terms which per- mit that issue to be joined on a basis of friendly consideration and discussion, upon examination and analysis is found, seemingly, to lim- it both considération and discussion “to policies and principles which are to guide future actions” of all na- tions in China. If it shall appear, in subsequent developments in the con- ference, that this is, in fact, the Jap- anese position, it means that Japan is in favor of maintaining the status quo in China and is opposed to any retroactive action by this conference looking either to an examination of treaties, agreements, concessions or other advantages obtained in or from China in the past. Problem for China. While this conclusion of the Japa- nese statement is a formidable sug- gestion_in itself, the opening Indict- ment of China by Japan that “exist- ing difiiculties in China lie no less in her domestic situation than in her ex- ternal relations,” is likewise a tough nut for the Chinese to crack. Between these two suggestions lies Japan's op- pusition to foreign intervention in China, her statement of desire to pe mit China to work out her own de tiny and her reiteration of adherence to the policy of the “open door,” her denial of desire for “any special rights r privileges” in China and her oppo- sition to a withdrawal of extrater- ritorial rights in China at this time. Taking .the Japanese statement as a whole, it appears that Japan has no desire to extend her position in China beyond what she now has, that she desires peace and quict in the far east on the status quo, and that she will Ibe satisfied hereafter to take no spe- ial rights and privileges in China. General Principles. The Chinese question has not vet been presented to the conference in Washin ton as the naval armament question has been presented by the United States. China's broad brief of general prin- ciples has been enunciated and Japan's broad brief has now been received. Many of China’s principles are ad- mittedly contingent on a restoration of a strong central government ip China, and, to that extent, are forward look- ing. Japan's proposal is also with an eye upon the future. Neither presents a program in detail. The docket of topics to which the principles announ: ed by both are to be applied is con- tained in the agenda of the conference itself, and the next meeting of the com- mittee on far eastern questions will de- termine how and to what extent the conference will go into each subject. (Copyright, 1821.) MEMORIAL TO MR. HUGHES HAS MILE OF SIGNATURES 199,531 Names Affixed to Docu- ment Expressing Gratitude of ‘Women for Parley. Expressions of gratitude of nearly 200,000 women of the United States and presidents of national women's organizations, representing a com- bined membership of 2,526,684, to President Harding for calling the conference on limitation of armament. and the prayer that its fundamental purpose may be achieved, were con- tained in a memorial presented at noon today to Secretary of State Hughes by Miss Anna A. Gordon, national presi- dent of the Womcn's Christian Tem- perance Union. The memorial is 6,011 feet 4 inches, more than a mile, in lengt! “The magnificent program given to conference by you on November the petition said, “has met with the loud acclaim of the entire world. We pray this keynote may be ap- proved by the conference in harmony with the prayers of those whose pe- titions we bring you today. and of hundreds of millions of other women the world over for peace on earth and lg(mfl will to men.” Accompanying Miss Gordon when. she presented the petition were Mrs. Ellis A. Yost, Washington representa- tive: Mrs. Emma S. Shelton and Miss Claire Lusby of the District of Colum- bia, W. C. T. U. Included among the signatures on the petition of the national presidents of women's organizations was the name of Mrs. Truman Newberry of ‘Washington, national president of the Needlework Guild of America, with a membership of 500,000. The total number of signers of the petition by states was 199,531, includ- ing 559 from the District of Columbia. GOVERNMENT RETAINS FEE TITLE TO OIL LAND th 12" Secretary Fall’s (Decision Denies Application of Honolulu Con- solidated Company. Secretary Fall Saturday promul- gated an opinion denying applica- tion for mining patent of the Hono- 1ulu Consolidated Oil Company for 2,000 acres of oil land in Naval Pe- troleum Reserve No. 2, in California, thus permanently retaining in the government fee title to the lands and their oil and gas deposits. The lands, however, will be leased on a royalty basis, the Honolulu company doing the drilling and producing as the gov- ernment'’s lessee. The lease on a royalty basis, it was annoanced, will be in accordance with recommendations of experts, who urg- ed early development to save the oil from later damage and to meet &n “immediate need of an additiona] fuel oil supply” for the American Navy. In leasing the lands on a royalty basis the Navy will take its share in kind of all oil produced. The secretary’s decision €nded long controversy waged in the courts and before the Interior Department, patent rights having been claimed not only by the Honolulu Company, but by the Buena Vista Land.and Development Company. —_— FRIENDSHIP IS VITAL. Lord Riddell Says Puture of World Rests on U. S.-British Relations. America and Great Britain must take the lead in ending wars, Lord Riddell, Tepresenting the press of England at arms conference, told a large audi ence in Wallace Memorial United Pres- byterian Church last night. FLAGS AT “DISTRESS” IN HONOR OF FOREIG ARMS DELEGATES Several establishments located on important thoroughfares of Washington are unconsciously fly- ing flags of “distress” in the case of the display of foreign flags in honor of the delegates to the armament limitations conference. The Dutch and Chinese flaga in many instances, are being flown upside down. According to the legatidns of these countries, the Dutch flag should be flown with ‘the red at the top, and the Chinese with the crimson as the first color. Japa has two flags, one of a white fiel and red sun in the center, which 18 the merchantman, and the other with red sun in the middle of the flag, with red rays projecting to all corners of the white fleld. This is the “man-o'-war” flag. Of the two, according to authority, the merchantman is the one most widely used. ——— e RIOTING IN BELFAST STREETS RENEWED. One Dead After Clash of Rivals Early Today—Many Injured Sunday. By the Associated Press. BELFAST, .November 21.—One man was killed and another was wounded in a renewal today of the rioting which broke out in the Seaford dis- trict In East Belfast yesterday when rival factions clashed. “Four persons were sent to hospitals and numerous others were slightly injured in yes- terday’s disturbance. Today's recurrence of the trouble was met promptly by the authorities and the situation was speedily brought under control. “BLOODY SUNDAY"” RECALLED. Anniversary Masses Held in Many Churches in Dublin. By the Associated Presa. DUBLIN, November 21.—The anni- versary of “bloody Sunday” was cele- brated in many of the churches by masses for the repose of the souls of the victims. There was a procession which paraded the square of the city and then went to Glasnevin cemetery to decorate the graves of those who fell during the disorders. It was one year ago when a number of military men and auxiliary police officers were killed during the morn- ing hours ard there were reprisals during the aftérnoon at a foot ball game in Croke Park, where there were numerous casualties. It was also on this day a year 4go that thre: Irish prisoners were shot and killed while endeavoring to make their escape from Dublin Castle. CORTEGE THREE MILES LONG. Ten Thousand Persons at Funeral of Alderman Barry in Cork. CORK, November 21.—Ten thousand | persons attended the funeral of Al-, derman Barry yesterday, who was shot and killed while leaving the Bal- Iykinlat camp recently., The cortege was three miles long and Included thousands of volunteers and eight bands. Volleys were fired' ovet the grave. Bishop Cohalan and eighty of his cler- {gy attended the funeral, as well as a representative of Eamon de Valera; with the lord mayors of Dublin and Limerick and many members of the | dail eireann. —_———— BARON SHIDEHARA BETTER Though Improved, Ambassador Is Still Confined to Bed. Baron Kijuro Shidehara, ambassador from Japan and one of the empire's plenipotentianies to the conference, was still confined to his bed by iliness at his residence, 1321 K street north- west, and unable to attend today's open session. Masanao Hanihara, vice minister of foreign affairs in Tokio, is temporarily occupying Baron Shid hara’s place in the conference. Ac- cording to Capt. Mashharu Kojima, the naval surgeon whd is attached to the deiegation, Baron Shidebara's fever, which reached a temperature above 102 Saturday, was slightly moderated today. His allment has been diagnosed as acute gastritis and enteritis. ‘Though there was some relief from ‘the abdominal pain on the left side today, the attending surgeon said that e probal several days' rest will be neeess! before the baron can re- sume hi official duties. MAY BUY OLD SHIPS NOW.; Henry Ford Weed Not Wait on Scrapping Program to Get Steel. It Henry Ford of Detroit wapts to buy warships for the steel thel con- tain he meed not wait for the scrap- ping of the battleships proposed b Secretary Hughes in tthe interests of peace, as a choice lot of old naval ves- sels are to be offered for .sale to the highest bidder at_the Washington navy yard December 15 next. . The list includes the cruiser Brook- Iyn, Admiral Schley’s flagship at the battle of Santiago bay; the cruiser Co- lumbia, once the pride of the Navy; the cruiser Memphis, the monitors Puritan, Miantonomoh, Ozark and Tonopah and several naval yachts, transports and freight ships. These vessels have been condemned as obsolete for naval pur- poses. They are in various parts of the country, but the bids for their pur- chase for industrial purposes will be ijopened at the local navy yard on the date named. {FRENCH SHIPYARDS SOLD. Buildings Costing Over $2,000,000 Purchased at Auction for $35,100. NEW ORLEANS, La., November 21. —The buildings of the Foundation ! shipyards here, erected and equipped { by the French government, in 1917, at a cost of more than two million dol- lars, were sold at auctjon today for $35,100. The Oliver H. Vanhorn Ma- chinery Company of New Orleams was the purchaser. The yards were to produce a new type of so-called unsinkabie ship. Five of these crafts were launched and are in operation now as tankers. Subsequent to the armistice, France found the venture unprofitable and ordered the plant disposed of. For several days auctions of nulvmogt have been in progress, although the total obtained from all the sales 1s placed at less than_$60,000. Besides the Van| Company, th ive. L& port to H. D. Bo; Chairman. “The future welfare of the world,” e = The Sha fnmr-plag: M. 70. BN “* |he said, “depends not ch 'on the | only other bidder was L. Gold- hade “Heatine 454 Roofine Experts 35 Years™ | Unemployed veterans of the world |scrapping of navies. nor the limitation | man 0f Chattancogs. § W. STOKES muog:. T Proper remics by the ;:fl:;: ,;q‘;;“.d u; Jo‘l!ler g'::h of l.l.mit e:u";'mf;::' as it_does o !h; one i‘mh‘g Bhedd rts will . Boyer, cl irman of good g ween Englane 83(_) 13th St. g, By S| e aad Years ot T.E:'Z unemployment committes of the Vet America o wh “*| GERMAN ENVOY AT PANAMA.| Our Window Shade Prices Are|BY Shedd 50 ~r *|opans of Forelgn Wars, st 1307 F|of Tieyd Geome and hue beea u t | pEANAMA. - Novamber 30-¥¥ihein ‘ Surprisingly Reasonable. Ideal m‘fing Plant - m;:.‘?::{'em t added: “All firms, u“n"'h“."g‘rmw 5 ms:‘fflaflflm‘ e o il v Fanatas Mm 1 T T R ient a Fas oW ‘The Million-Dollar Have Camey install an “Aresla Hesting | corporations or individuals in need of | g, Premicrs family life. the Federation of Central American Re- e R tTs, e o help of any kind are asked to get in | perne Bubusber ts the News: | publicd. —He -will his creden- Printing Plant il iy Baymats Bsialled | tomen with the chairman of the com- B nd ¢ e 3 e K to do bigprinting economteally. | Casey. mittes, who will send men quall lish opinions on eontw’ matters are £ . The National Capital Press|Casey & Co. 10160 85 1w, |0 8 ecoking chactiy, Dut adb for |- priuied to the prefl iy s countyy, | Seamesd has lotely been vete 1210122 D at. Bw. Plambiag, Steansitios sgé Thaig & chuuce. 0 eArn thelr LVInG". | - chure prod R e e e .‘“‘,“",‘;Aq A 345y hieh ¢ x |GERMANY'S DESIRE FOR BASE LED TO SHANTUNG PROBLEM| Seizing Missionaries’ Slaying as Pretext, Lease at Kfaoclm%v Forced, to Be Fol- lowed by Spread Through Province. “What Is the ‘Shantung question, after all, and what part do Kiaochow and Tsingtao play in it?” This question is answered in a bul- ‘Washington, C.. headquarters of the National Geographic Society, as follows: “The ‘Shantung question’ had its genesis when Germany, eager to com- pete with other European nations, which were becoming more and more important to have a port and naval base of her own on the shores of northeast China. It took definite shape when, in 1897, twa_German mi arles were killed in teeming Shantung, most densely poplated and economically and sen- timentally one of the most important of China’s provinces. By way of in- demnifying herself for the loss of her nationals Germany forced China to grant her a ninety-nine-year lease on an area roughly ten or twelve miles in diameter on the coast of Shantung at the entrance to Kiao- chow bay, and to meutralize a zone thirty-three miles wide, sKirting the entire bay and including the leased reglon. On the leased plot the Ger- mans built a typical German town, Tsingtao. Germany Expands Holdings. “The leased and neutral zones to- gether comprise a relatively small part of the 56,000 square miles of Shantung. So far as area is concernqd, it is, very roughly, as though Virginia, Maryland and Delaware were substi- tuted for Shantung, the District of Columbia_for Tsingtao, and, for the neutral Kiaochow territory, a fan- shaped area of Maryland counties with 2 radius equaling the distance between Washington and Baltimore. “When this most stubborn of far eastern questions first emerged, with Germany and Ghina as the chief par- ties concerned, ‘Kiaochow g chow ‘ingh’ ral };ul'l issued from the on But the Kiao- developed into the indefinite, but Pming Shantung ‘ell’ chen German§'s economic were understood, and the later amend- ment of the plans made the problem still broader. For the agreement in- cluded concessions tp build railways outside the leased apd neutral areas, in Shantung proper, 2nd, coupled with the rafiroad concgrsion, was the right to exploit mines in zones twenty miles wide traversed by the railroads. “The - 255-mile - railway line from in the far east, determined | seemed to be only a ! designs | Tsingtao to Tsinan, the capital of Shantung, was opened in 1904. When in 1914 Japan announced that she would support Great Britain’s in- terests by taking the town of Tsing- tao the Chinese wished to send ! troops to make the attack a concerted affair, but were dissuaded. When Japan had stormed the town and taken it from the Germans the Chinese considered the matter mere- ly a ‘Tsingtao question,’ but it rapid- Iy grew into a ‘Shantupg question again when secret treaties were dis more than a year before the peace conference the engagements of Great Britain, France, Russia and Italy to support Japanese claims to all priv- ileges which Germany had acquired in Shantung. ANhpugh the Chinese delegates protested that when their country entered the war against Ger- many and abrogated all treaties with the latter the territories and conces- sions automatically reverted to China, the Paris council fellowed the secret treaties and provided in the treaty of Versailles for the transfer of ‘all rights formerly belonging to Ger- many' in Shantung, to Japan. The “hinese refused to sign the treaty: rest, though it has since been the sub. ject’ of almost ceaseless diplomatic discussion. Is China’s Holy Land. “Most of the coast of Shantung is rough, but within this minor barrier much of the province is plains coun try with unending fields of beans and kaoliang, a kind of grain sorghum. The levei sections of the province are traversed by the great Yellow river, which periodically inundates the ccuntry; and the Grand canal, a waterway second in importance as a commerce carrier only to the Yang- tsze-kiang. “Near the central part of Shantung rises Tai-Shan, the highest and most famous of the five sacred mountains of China. A distance to the south of the mountain is a little town chich probably ranks as the most venerated spot in all China, the birth- place and burial place of Confucius, one of the world's greatest religious teachers. To both Tai-Shan and the grave of Confucius at Cho sands of pilgrims journe The presence of these s: raises Shantung sentimentally the other provinces. They transmute it into the Chinese Holy Land." Speed of 700 Mi les an Hour, Future Airplane Possibilities Travel Faster Than Earth Development in Next Ten Revolves—Expert Declares Years Wiil Make Hughes’ Plan Worthless—Destructive Power Terriffic. BY HIRAM K. MODERWELL. (Copyright, 1921.) By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily News. Copyright. 1921. PARIS, France, November 21.—"In ten years or less the Hughes program | will be without mportance as a measure of disarmament for the rea- son that the progress of avlation will have rendered the capital ship useless,” was the statement made to ime by Pierre Etienne Flandin, former French undersecretary of aviation and president of the Inter- national Congress of Aviation now meeting In_Paris. ~The dominant power of the future,” he continued. “will be the power that rules the air. The heaylly armored battleship w not be able to resist the high-powe ed battle planes of unimaginable swiftness which research has already proved it possible to build.” Of 12,000 Horsepower. Louis Brequet, vice-president of the Assoclation of Airplane Builders, ex- plained to me the nature of these pro- posed wan craft. They will weigh about 100 tons, will have about 12.000 horsepower and a speed of about 200 miles an hour. They will cost about 4,000,000 francs (normally about $500,000) as compared to £00.000.000 francs ($80,000.000) for amodern bat- tle cruiser. They will have a wing y=pread of 200 feet and will render - { the_submarine practically harml hibitlon here is said to be the larg- est plane vet built. It weighs ten | tons. has 1,500 horsepower and a | spread of 110 feet. At a meeting of the congress attended by Millerand last weck M. {serted that planes carrying thirty or forty pas- sengers would fly from Paris to Al- | giers in seven hours, or at the rate 1of 120 miles an hour and at not mors |than one-quarter of the t | charge for cach passenger. i years he asserted the trip from New York to Paris could be made in | twenty hours at the rate of 180 mile; an hour in planes furnished with lux- urious sleeping quarters. Around World Without Stop. Eventually, he said, planes will be able to make a trip around the earth without & stop. Other planes, he said. should be able to fiy 700 miles an hour at a very high altitude, or at the same speed that sound tra Such planes could beat the revolvin {speed of the carth and passengers |could see the sun rise in the ‘west and set in the east. There are no American exhibits here, but two American delegates to the congress who live in Paris that despite the wonderful progre shown by the French they have not exceeded the progress made in United States. Brequet as | Je oruiser They e N MR. MELLON AND BROTHER GIVE UNIVERSITY $1,500,000 IN LAND By the Associated Press. PITASBURGH, Noiember 21.—A. ‘W. Mellon, Secretary of the Treas- ury, and-his brother, R. E."Mellon, have given to ®e University of Pittsburgh a plot of, land acquired at a cost of $1,500,000, it was an- nounced by Chancellor John G. Bowman. The property, some four- teen acres, lies between the uni- versity and Carnegie Institute, in the educational center of the city, and on it will be erected labora- tories dedicated to chemjstry, physics, mathematics and biology. The gift supplements a former gift of the Mellons which some years ago resulted in the opening of the Mellon Institute of Research as a part of the university. It is the intention of the uni- versity, Dr. Bowman said, to make the institution the “world center in scientlfic teaching and re- search.” ' The laboratories will be housed in a community of build- ings of the finest materials obtain- able, with a design of architecture that will make them among the most notable in the world. They are to be equipped with the most modern laboratories and are dac signed, Dr. Bowman added, “to late industrial success into rms of human happiness, sta- bility and spiritual stgpngth. The property acquired for the university was long owned by the late Henry Clay Frick, and it was stated that executors of Mr. Frick's estate dropped $1,000,000 from the price when it became known that A GREAT BOON vitality, to whom. Scott's Emulsion Soatt & Bowne, Blocslield, N. J. ———ALSO MAKERS Op—— -MOIDS (Tablots or Grastos) ron INDIGESTION it was to be used for the uni- vergity. 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