Evening Star Newspaper, October 30, 1921, Page 49

' ROYALIST PLOTTING CERTAIN IN FUTURE Failure of Charles Has Not Yet Con- vinced Monarchists They Cannot Still Rule Central Europe. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. ENTRAL Europe's hour of peril does not end with the incarceration of Emperor Charles, who has dismally ,failed In a second attempt to restore the Hapsburgs in Hungary. Motives underlying the unsuccessful aerial journey to royal rule are too deep in the minds and consciences of the people of Hungary. The apparent success of Admiral Horthy, the re- gent, to frustrate ‘Hapsburg desires may prove passing. The monarchist net that has been spread over cen- tral Europe, parMcularly in Hungary, Bavaria and Germany proper, reaches to the farthest corners of those lands desired in the reconstruction of a new alliance fostered by the at pres- ent discredited royalist factions. Another hour will come when the signal will go out into the hidden places and the monarchists will strike in more far-reaching fashion. Never in the history of the roval houses*of central Europe have they been known to desist in efforts to accomplish desired ends, unless fu- tility was absolutely proven. Monar- chist sympathizers of central Europe, despite the two attempts of Charles and the ill-timed Kappist revolt in Germany, have not been convinced, for back of the plottings is a known sentiment of hundreds of thousands of peoples in central Europe in favor of monarchical rule as against re- publican and democratic forms, to * which much of the trials and tribu- Tations of the ¢ are attributed. That the monarchists have not suc- ceeded has been largely through lack of perfect organization and not senti- ment. Now that three futile attempts have been made, there is every rea- son for believing that the royalist sympathizers - in all favorable terri- tory will go about their reorganiza- tioft tn more systematic fashion. EE 1t is the knowledge of this that largely induces the “little entente” to so firmly insist on the demobilization of Hun- garian forces. It is because of known sympathies for monarchial rule and the Possible overturning of all that the peace treaties have given that Ru- mania,, Czechoslavakia and Jugoslavia today #re standing ever ready upon the frontiers of Hungary and Austria to strike with lightninglike force to cur- tail possible successful royalist upris- ings. For the .decrees of the big entente must be maintained if the peace and continuing prosperity of the smaller nations prevail. Return of royalist factions means sup- ression of a vast element of the popu- ation that longs for the freedom that ‘has been given through the treaties of peace. Those elements back present goverfiments, but it always is a ques- tion how long they will be permitted to continue present forms when there fester royalist machinations which it must be said are supported by another great element of the population: Admiral Horthy, regent of Hungary, who has succeeded in frustrating the carefully laid_plans of former Emperor Charles and his adviser, the scheming Count_Andrassy, undoubtedly likes his job. He wishes to retain it until Hun- gary can make her peace with allied nations and retain some semblance of the advantages to be gained through apparent concord. But notwithstanding % the apparent desire of Admiral Horthy to play in the allies’ back yard and heed their dictates, diplomatic circles are fully aware of the fact that a little more than two vears ago Admiral Horthy fell in with the plans laid by Gen. Luden- dorff looking toward the return of the royalist houses. There is no reason to belleve that this plot is not still being furthered. Rather than being pleased by the two attempts of Charles it would appear that the monarchists are very angry—Angay principally because he failed, but angry also because in mak- ing_such a bunglng job of the whole ‘business he has threatened frustration of the more far-reaching schemes which were to embrace all of the Teutonic and ‘Magyar peoples. * ok ok x Admiral Horthy may well consent to lend a hand in the frustration of the Hapsburg's desires. But the fail- ure of Charles to regaln the throne largely through Horthy's efforts does not mean that Horthy, when the time comes, will not fall in with the plans of Ludendorff, The failure of Charles and Hungary's apparent desire to ap- pease the big and little ententes, at the moment may allay suspiclon’ of the unsophisticate but it is well known also that there are other royal houses in Hungary which have long cherished the idea of ruling the coun- try, and Horthy could as weil turn to either of these as to Charles. And, strange as it may seem, the Hun- garian people would not seriously ob- ject to a kingdom, might even consent to Horthy assuming the title, inas- much as” the been ruled by royal personages and the monarchical form of government is much more favored than the ®re- publican. The reason for this lies in ignorance and apparent lack of de- sire to assume governmental burdens which the peasant people would rather place upon the shoulders of the more educated. And education is indicative of privileged classes in their minds. * ok kK Hungary has produced many clever politicians. but none cleverer than Admiral Horthy, who already has gained many concessions from the al- lies and who was on the threshhold of gaining more financial and economic advantages when Charles muddled the Hungarian Situation. Horthy realizes that Hungary can- not change her present government at the moment, particularly in view of the treaty of peace, and not at any time unless suspicions of neighboring countries die down. If he can get Hungary in going shape it will be to the entire advantage of Horthy- If he can revive the country from its s of after-the-war paralysis, then it will be Horthy who eventually will be the first thought of in_ connection with the establishment of a kingdom, and he, with the respect of the people, with good will of the allies, would be in position to maneuver the change in government and preside over the destinies of the nation from royal vantage. Horthy might desire to pick ome other personage for the honor. but it must be taken for granted that Horthy will be the man to decide the fate of Hungary. Just how far the “little entente™ will ®o in pressing its ultimatum upon Hungary demanding tifat there be complete demobilization, that Hungary pay the costs of recent forced mobil- ization in countries composing the “little_entente” is not known. Though the “little entente” has the backing of the allies in certain of its movements to squelch the Hapsburg schemings, it is not revealed at the moment how far the larger allies will permit Czecho- slovakia, Jugoslovia and Rumania to exploit Hungary. * %k k% Within the space of a week Chancel- lor Wirth has marched down from his post as chancellor, turned around, and marched right back again. He, it is true, has formed a new cabinet, more in accord with the desires of various political groupings in Germany. one that may be expected to represent to a better degree the conflicting indus- trial and democratic interests, but it still Is believed to be a cabinet of ex- pediency. Had not Wirth been re- chosen chancellor, even Germany real- izes that her future might have becn made insecure, in so far as the allies are concerned, for Wirth is about the only man in Germany that can be or is trusted by the French. and even their eagle eves are kept upon his every maneuver. Wirth may be expected to proceed with_ the reparations plan notwith- standing his almost vlolent avowals that Germany cannot pay under the new Silesian decision. As a matter of fact it may be expected that Chancel- lor Wirth, with the aid of the in- dustrialists, will settle down imme- diately to the arrangement of -plans looking toward the fulfiliment of fur- ther obligations. Wirth does not wish to be impeded and this is indicated by his solving the reichstag imme- diately after receiving a vote of con- fidence from this body. Tt is extremely fortunate for Ger- many and the allies as well that Wirth has again assumed power and will steer for safe channels, the courses of which are directed by the allies, for had he stepped down and the allies been forced to apply sanctions, and general, political upheaval, as a con- sequence, upsetting the revived in- dustrial life of the country, then the monarchists would have been material- 1y assisted in such schemings as they have fathered. The restoration of Wirth to “the chancellorship means that the mon- archists must defer their attempts until a time when the political situa- tion is more propitious. The tax prob- lems of the nation yet are to be settled and probably will be in November. At that time there may be another crisis, but on the whole, signs Indicate greater peace, greater industry. with consequent German fulfilment of allied reparations stipulations, the Silesian decision notwithstanding. Sees Peril to All If Germany Falls | 2l BY FRANCESCO NITTI Former Premler of Italy. HE collapse of the mark has glven rise to a sense of deep unrest and anxlety in all the markets of the world. Ger- man money has dropped to about the sams level reached by the Austrian orown some years ago. A dollar can buy about 100 marks. There are plenty of fools ready to echo the theory proclaimed by a cyn- ical and ignorant press—namely, that Germany finds herself in a position eminently favorable to her commerce. In & certain measure she herself. it is alleged, has brought about the de- preciation of her exchange in order to beat other countries in the race for exportation. During the war so many tales have found credence regarding the dark designs of Germany that even after the war every event con- nected with the German people gives Tise to a series of discussions, in which it is hard to say whether prejudice or ill faith prevails. * ok k¥ The truth is that Germany finds herself in the absolute impossibility of paying any further big indemnity; that her situation is extremely se- Tlous: that, being forced to pay a bil- Jion marks in gold, she was only able 1o scrape together this modest sum ‘(modest as compared with the soar- ing dreams of unlimited indemnitles) by incurring fresh debts abroad, and increasing her _already enormous paper currency. Every fresh install- Tent of the indemaity, every further plunge in the abyss of indebtedness, Will place Germany in the impossibil- ity of paying a penny more to the allles. The truth is¥nat the policy follow- ed hitherto has had only one Scope and object, that of continuing the war. Aftef the hard-fought war on the battlefields there has been & sys- tematic destruction of all economic values. At the time when Germany had to demobilize her enormous army and to organize an extraordinarily compli- cated railway movemens she was forced to surrender 5,000 locomotives and a vast quantity of cars in good condition. Only Germany_ could have survived wuch a blow. Again she was obliged to restore a large quantity of stolen cattle, at a time when she Tost needed it, and was forced by necessity to buy large quantities of } foodstuffs abroad, which caused the « immediate fall of the mark; hitherto Germany’'s efforts at reconstruction have been in vain. * k ok X She had lost, without counting the Saar, the customs of which are in the hands of the French, and Upper Silesia, which the victors are trying to wrench from her in spite of the plebiscite, 8 per cent of her popula- tion; almost 25 per cent of her iron production; the greater part of her production of potash, ete., etc. The coal output, which had already been seriously impaired by the loss of the Saar mines, had already suffered a decrease of 9 per cent. Neverthe- 1ss, Germany must hand over to her gx-enemies about 25000000 tons of coal a year as part of the indemnity she owes. Before the war 60 per cent of the:coal output came from the Ruhr basin, 23 per cent from Up- per Silesia and 9 per ceng from the Saar. The Saar coal mines have become French property; there has been a mysterious and persistent plot against the Ruhr collieries, and the mines of Upper Silesia are threatened b¥ the political situation created by the allies, who first sought to forge by every illicit means a plebiscite in ac- cordance with their aims, and who later failed to respect the plebiscite which, in the face of violence and opposition, had resulted in favor of Germany. B .0k k% Germany, which, in observance of the clauses of the treaty, has al- ready handed over all her merchant fleet, all her celonies, all her credits and the property of her citizens abroad, all her rights and interests in the world; Germany, thus deprived of all that is most necessary to the life of a nation, is subjected more than ever to a series of -controls calculated to utterly arrest and pre- Magyars always have! -PHE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, -D. -C, OCTOBER 30;-1921—_PART 2. BY HENRY W. BUNN. (Copyright, 1921, by The Waslilngton Star.) HE following is a brief summary of the most important news of the world for the week-ended October 29: GERMANY.—On the 22nd, the Wirth cabinet resigned upon official notification of the supreme council's Upper Sllesia award, which award adopted and gave effect to the recommen- dations of the council of the league of nation: In his letter of resignation Wirth made the following admirably restralned statement: “Although the cabinet still is convinced that only sincere effort to fulfill ‘all parts of the agreement can render possible the political and economic restoration of Kurope, 1t Is convinced that the limits of German capacity of the pos- sibility of fuifijlment have been materially re- duced by the Silesian decree and that a new - situation therefore has arisen for Germany. The situation confronting President Ibert was one of extreme difficulty. The supreme council had demanded that a German represent- ative for the “delimitation commission” re- quired under the Upper Sileslan award (to, precisely define and mark the political boundary in Upper Sllesia in accordance with the general directions of the award) report for duty at Oppeln on Thursday, the 27th. Therefore a new cabinet must be formed, it must formulate its policy: It must submit that policy to the reich- stag, it must receive from the reichstag a vote of confidence, and it must therefore designate an Upper Silesian commissioner, all before Wednesday night; elsa a clash with the entente. The coalition of majority socialists, centrists and democrats was dead. The proposed new coalition of these parties plus the people’s party was not possible for the present, owing to the stand against acceptance of the Upper Silesia declsion proclaimed by prominent members of the people's party. From the welter of discussion participated in by leaders of all the parties except the extiemists of right and left (the communists and nationalists) emerged the conviction that there must be no clash (zt least for the pre: ent) with the entente; that the Upper Silesia award must be accepted (at lea“ t formally and for the present); that the com:anissioner must be appointed. A new cabinet is the chlld of this conviction, whose tenure of power is as ghostly, precarious and questionable as the conviction aforesaid. This new cabinet is headed by Wirth and is humorously called “the cabinet of a predica- ment,” in contrast to Wirth's former “cabinet of fulfiliment.” This new cabinet contains four centrists, four majority socialists and two democrats. The majority socialists and cen- trists are now the only two government partes, and even this is an overstatement, for, though they occupy the same house, thelr intercourse is extremely formal. The democrats and inde- pendent socialists promise temporary support, and the people’s party a benevolent neutrality. The democrats in the cabinet are there as technical experts, not democrats. A precarious situation, indeed. The prob- leins with which the late cabinet was at death- grips (the problems of taxation, of devising of means to avert bankruptcy, of the reaction, reparation fulfillment) loom even more mer ingly before the mew cabinet. He must be an optimist who should predict for it a long life. But so much to the present good may be re- ported: the reichstag gave the new cabinet a Yote of confidence after Wirth's announcement .of its decision to accept Upper Si award; the cabinet on the notified supreme council of such accept commissioner for Upper Silesia would be appointed at once. Presumably the commis- Calm; & settled c: the wce and that sioner is now at Oppeln. * k ¥ X or a lull. THE BRITISH EMPIRE.—A vivid proof of the terrible incidence of taxation since the war on the rich of. Britain is furnished by the sale the other day by the Duke of Westminster to the Messrs. Duveen of Gaivust~ oug lue one of the chief gloriesof .itain; indeed, one of the most beautiful paintings in the “Blue Boy” went Reynolds’ “Mrs. Slddons” for £30,000. The two cancases will be brought to America. What precisely is happening in the con- ference on Ireland can only be surmised; but there can be_little doubt that De Valera's mes- sage to the Pope (If 1 may be allowed a litite metaphorical license) tied ®he discussion in a knot which the conferees have ever since been trying in vain to untie. Lioyd George has decided to have it out with the unionist opposition. On Monday, the 31st, there will be a debate in the commons on a unfonist resolution censuring the government's Irish policy. On Wednesday the Prince of Wales boarded , the battle crulser Renown for his trip to India. He will tour Indfa, and, If some fanatic does not “get” him, will afterward visit Japan, re- turning the compliment of Prince Hirohito's recent visit to Britain. The Indlan tour is not without a considerable flavor of peril. As the Renown holsted anchor, the lords were debating the latest budget of news (bad news) from India. . The long negotiation in London between British government representatives and the Egyptian mission headed by Adly Pasha is said to be drawing to a close. A report, de- clared to be authentic as to the deta{ls of the instrument of agreement virtually cdmpleted, shows that the British are now demanding stronger guarantees of British interests in Egypt than the Milner recommendation called for. Among the details glven by the report are: Abolition of the British protectorate; protection of the Suez canal by British troops: a British controller of the Egyptian public debt; consent of the British government re- quired to all except commercial treatles; Alexandria to be a British naval base. The atus of the Sudan remains unchanged. Spe- provisions contemplate security of the Egyptlan water supply. It is, of course, doubt- ful whether the nationalist agitators in Egypt (perhaps the most pestilent set of beings on the planet) will stomach so great concessions to Britain, That they will terrorize the national assembly into rejection of such an agreement seems very probable. * Kk Kk HUNGARY.—The latest thing in coyps was short and sweet. Among the Hungarian chau- vinist bands, which have been infesting the Burgenland, refusing to let Austria have it as per the treaties, were considerable detachments of fanatical supporters of Charles, ex-King of Hungary and ex-Emperor of Austro-Hungary. On October 20 Charles left Switzerland by air- plane with Zita his wife (ex-empress and ex- queen), and landed at Oedenburg, the chief city of the Burgenland, held by a Maj. Oestenburg, one of the most faithful. Oestenburg pro- clalmed him King of Hungary and some thou- ands flocked to his standsrd. lfe lost little time. He entrained his followers in the Burg- enland and proceeded toward Budapest, re- celving accessions en route. On Sunday, the 23d, he detrained near Budapest. The regent, Horthy, who apparently had been waiting for rein- forcements from scattered garrisons, met him with twice his strength and Charles soon turned tail in ignominious fiight after a slender show of fight. On Monday he was captured and his forces were completely dispersed or made prisoners. He has been interned (with Zita, who accompanied him) in the abbey of Tihany, near the place of his capture. Some say that the failure of the coup is due to the treachery of Horthy, and that Horthy aspires to the throne of St. Stephen; they allege that Horthy, pretending to be cor senting to the almost open intrigue of Charles’ return, lured him to his doom. However that may be, sympathy is wasted on so contemptible a person. He broke his word to the Swisy government, whom he promised to motify three vs in advance of a date on which he should intended leaving Switzerland. He is a llar and parently not the man of the family: who seems to be Zita, a creature of insatiable am- bition, one of those women born to make trouble. Charles Is extremely neurasthenic, i condition likely his wife: it do w\NEOTiaN agreement T The council of ambassadors has demanded immediate abdication of the throne by Charles. But Charles will not abdicate. Presumably the allles will be satisfied with his deposition; but there seems pome doublt whether the national assembly will vote his deposition, so strong is the opposition to Horthy. The Czechs and Jugoslavs are mobilized on the Hungarian borders, and, if neither Charles nor the national assembly will oblige, Invasion by these powers and possibly also by Rumania (the other mecm- ber of the little entente) is on the cards; for the note of the council of ambassadors states that, in case the note is complied with, they will not object to any action the little entente may take. * k. k X UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.—The rail- road strike has been called off. That is to us Americans quite the most important news of the week. The story of how the union chiefs came finally or: Thursday evening to the resolu- tion to cancel the strike orders is a fascinating one. Not least in its psychological aspec but the theme is too controversial for this article. It were ungrateful to question one's happiness; to inquire, before the sigh of relief has spent itself, whether anything more than a precarious truce has been achieved. The House has passed the forelgn debt re- funding bill, which proposes to vest a commt: sion of five (one of whom Is to be the Secre- tary of the Treasury), with full power to a range terms for refundin amounts owed the United States by ailied powers, a total of some $10,000,000,000. Mr. Mondell made a happy speech, expressing his hope that the commission would agree to an easy intere : of the bill by the Senate before Noveml seems assured. Such_passage would have happy psychological effect on the conference It has been decided to cut down the American force on the Rhine from men to approximately 3 men; enough merely to indicate co-ope with the allies. This reduction will be gradually between November and March, troops returning by government transports. The Senate education and labor holding a hearing on conditions in the coal reglon. _ The Canadlian lenging Nose ~beat the Gloucester schooner handily in races off Halifax on the 24th, thus winning the international fishermen’s trophy. There is sport in the world m menuine or jolly than that of these annual cou- tests. hooner * % ok ok MISCELLANEOUS.—It was only after a bitter struggle with his opponents that M Briand obtained from the French chamber a handsome vote of confid Wprovin recent conduct of foreign and dome: and his proposed attitude at the Washir conference, which he set forth with ev than his wonted eloquence. The Fren, ates, he said, in effect, will buck American pro- posals looking® to peace in the far east and the Pacific, but their main concern Will be to seek openings for urging a guarantee by the powers which will justify )f the French army. It should th there was no hint of Briand's Dproposals Thomas W. Lamont, who, in r se to 1 peated invitations from the Mexican zoyer ment, went to Mexico ax the representative an_international committee before the Mexican zovernment a plin ting that government on its feet hn: failed to obtain accepta of his pl seems, however, to entertain a hope ultimate acceptance. The Angora (Turkish nationa has ratified an agr respects this ugreement diff: duction of 1 noted in be we barzaining of ) assembly assembly some months Moscovite intrigue does not reason to believe that Angora concerning Moscow. The Fren h acknowled world. The sum paid was £170,000. With the Selected as Assistant to Director of the Budget BY G. GOULD IJNCOLN. HE American people, interest- ed in the limitation of arma- ments are to have a secondary | 1 “line of offense” in their ef-| ! forts to make the coming \\'ashinan' conference a success; secondary, thati is. to the government which lhl')" 'ha\'l‘ put into office and which is directly charged. with the negotia- tions between this country and other nations. It is the National Councll‘ on Limitafion of Armaments. This organization is composed of ! one representative of each nalionali organization favoring limitation of armaments. 1ts primary purpose is to mass the overwhelming sentiment of the country in favor of a limitation of armaments and to give it expres- sion. Further, its purpose is to co-oper- ate with similar organizations of the peoples of other nauons represented at tne Washington conterence and to mass the senument ot all these na- tions in the great eflort toward the limitation of armaments and ultimate pedce which 18 o be staged here. * K K X The perfection of the’ organization of ‘the ~ational Council on the Limi- tation of Armaments 1S NOw under way. Already the council has openea its headquarters. at 932 17tn street northwest, in the very shadow almost | of the meeting places of the inter-| national conterence. Some thirty na- Honal - organizations have signitied | their intention of participating in the council and many others are expected to join with them before the confer- ence gets started. This headquarters in Washington is to be a center of information—intor- mation as to what the conterence is doing, and information as to what the peopiés of this country and other countries are demanding there snall be done. While it will have no ofti- cial connection with the conference, nor will it undertake in any way to dictate to the conference, it will keep in the closest touch with its constit- uent organizations and will suggest ways and means by which the work COMMANDER CHESTER G. MAYO, Co-ordinator to be in charge of trafic and rendjustment of railroad rates| and registrations governing the move- {ment of government trafiic under the new bureau. has to buy abroad all that she pro- { duces. * kK Ok Germany no longer possesses an larmy. Her troops barély amount to 100,000 men, of whom 4,000 are offi- cers; conscription having been abol- ished, the soldiers are mercenaries recruited for a period of twelve years, while the officers cannot leave the service before having reached the age of forty-five. Germany has handed over all her artillery and all her navy; she no longer has, and is not allowed to have, a general staff: from a military point of view she has ceased to exist, and s even obliged to tolerate the raids and incursions of the Polish armed bands which in- fest German territory. But, although she has given up her arms, in obe- dlence to the dictates of the treaty, she is obliged to maintain an army of occupation on the Rhine, kept there to guarantee the fulfillment of { the terms which everybody now ad- mits to be wholly inapplicable in practice, and the army ‘of occupation costs Germany much more than her army and navy before the war. If the countries of the entente had really had in view the payment of a just indemnity by Germany after disarming her and depriving her of the greater part of her wealth thev!of the member organizations may be should have helped her to produce, to|co-ordinated, duplication prevented acquire raw materials and to develop [and unreached territory covered. Its her commerce. A nation, even though |intormation service will be very com- vanquished, has the right to live. Its|plete. When it is deemed necessary | first right. its first duty, is to live|it will suggest to its member organ- and then to pay its debts. But denv-lizations possible lines of action to ing to Germany the conditions in-|aid in the success of the limitation of dispensable to life, a1l hopes of credit |armaments conference. and of economic resurrection are A equally denied her. | To give the names of all the or- * % X X 5 ganizations which have so far joined If this state of things were harmful |} "ype " council would require much to Germany alone it might be explain- 'ORGANIZED TO BACK ARMS CURTAILMENT National Council, Representing Millions Daring Coming Conference. space. Among the prominent mem- bers, however, are the National Grange, the National League of Wom- an Voters, the Women's Clubs, the Young Women's Christian sociation, Veterans of Foreign Wars, the National Board of Farm Organizations, the National Women's Christian Temperance Union and t ational Education Associa- tion. A strong feeling exists in many quarters that the best way to insure the success of the movement for the limitation of armaments is to keep at a white heat the public sentiment in this and other countries for such ac- tion. gates to the conference must be kept constantly informed as to the desires of the people who are back of them. And if the governments are made to realize the seriousness of the de- sires of their peoples for success of the conference, it is to be supposed these rovernments will make sure that their delegates bring about a successful conclusion of the confer- ence. It is to aid the peoples, both of this country and other countries, therefore, that this unofficial council on the lim tation of armaments, acting in con- junction with similar organizations in Great Britain and other countries, is being called into existence. EE O The national organizations which are members of the council are ex- pected each to have a representative in Washington during the conference, or, at least, at such times as their presence is considered imperative. An executive board and officers of the council are now being selected. An executive secretary for the board has already been selected, Frederick J. Libbey. For seven years before the war Mr. Libbey was a member of the faculty of Phillips Exeter Academy. For the last six years he has been in Europe, studying, traveling and engaged in re- construction work in Europe and the orient. During this time he has lived in fourteen countries, As European commissioner for the American Friends' service committee, Mr. Libbey traveled in Esthonia, Po- land, Germany, Austria, Serbia and France. It is his opinfon that the sen- timent throughout the world in favor of the limitation of armaments and for permangnt peace is intense. To put it in his own words: “The intensity of public interest in the coming con- ference will make the failure of the conference to achieve its purposes im- possible. The national council is it- self an outgrowth of a public senti- ment so powerful and so widespread that {ts influence must prove a pow- -erful support to the administration’s efforts to agree with the other nations upon a common program for the limi- tation of armaments.” * ok ok K The national council, which is to be General Federation of | The governments sending dele- | vent production, from the occupa-|ed if not justified. But as a matter of tion of the left bank of the Rhine|fact the dowgfall of Germany, which to the punctilious and absurd re-|also means tde decadence of Europe, strictions of transports. Germanv|has a deep répercussion not only on produces under difficulties and with | the whole European continent but on tremendous efforts, and her imternal|most producing countries. If the and economic situation grows worse | United States of America and Great from day to day, Britain are partly spared, no one can Many business men, in order to|deny that lP'AEy, too, are deeply affected obtain high protective dutles, cause |not only in their political serenity, but it to be sald through their press|in their trade and in their money mar- that Germany profits by the depreci- | ket. Gei situation is closely ation of the mark. In other terms.|linked with that of the greater part that she exploits her very defeat.|of Europe, and her fall would entall Undoubtedly a low rate of exchange. |the ruin ¢f some of her victors. within certain limits, acts as a We mu’&nt forget that before the stimulus to exports and a barrier to|war, in 3 and 1913, the bulk of imports. But an exaggerated rate of | Germany’s jjade was with the United exchange (and in this case it is|States, Gredt Britain, Russia and Aus- ruinous) renders impossible or very (tria-Hungary. In 1913 her trade with difficult the buying of indispensable |the Units States alone represented raw materials, At present Germany | nearly. and a -half billions ot * 1 g a clearing house for the organizations marks, according to statistics of the|which favor limitation of armaments, German empire, and 520,000,000 dol-|already represents, through its con- lars, according to American official re- | stituent organizations, between six and turns. With the exception of Canada, | seven millions of people in this coun- which may be regarded as a territorial | try, Groups of most diverse and wa- extension, the best customers of the |ried nature are included. United States were Great Britain and| The State Department, through Sec- Germany. They were also clients[retary Hugh has urged that the whose imports greatly. exceeded their | council turn itself to the task of de- exports. - jveloping “sound public opinion” in Now that economic unity has been |support of the limitation of arma- broken up and that Germany’s very |ments. This it will undertake. It existence is menaced, the payment of | will seek to formulate definite state- the indemnities appears as a problem ;ments of what the people may expect impossible to be solved, or the solution [and what they should expect from of which must necessarily result in/the coming conference. the- ruin and -misery-of the greatest| The belief of members of the na- producing country of continental Eu- | tional council is that the conference rope, and consequently in the ruin of |on the limitations of armaments is to be the first step toward an endur- ing peace. But ence having secured other countries. (Copyright, 192L.) Zt i i | i | | i H | i H i i i i ! Dry chief of New York, who reported | he had been offered $100.000 to release | violator of the law and to furnixh | him with a liberal supply of whisky i withdrawal permits. suc -~ a limitation of nrmamen(sl agreement on the part of the nations, it is the purpose of the national coun- cil to see that it is followed by other THE STORY THE WEEK HAS TOLD!QLTICAL N _ 3 ROMANCE IN RISE OF BIANCHI Guatemalan Minister Here to Become First President of New Central American BY BEN McKELWAY. ULIO BIANCHI, Guatemalan min- ister to the United States, once told a friend he was going back home when people in this country knew that Guatemala was a republic and not a breakfast food. And now he must feel his mission here is near accomplished, for he is going home in a very little while, to become the president of the newest of the world’s republics, the republic of Central America. One of the most interesting develop- ments in Latin American politics ntly was the nomination of Dr. by the unionist party of patemala as its delegate to t \federal councll of the new republic and his immediate acceptance of the The federal council sed of three delegates, one from member states of the alvador and Hondura delegates choose one | of their number as president of the republi whose term of office is ited to one year. o those who Kknow situation in Guatemals, Dr. Bianchi's nomination meant his election, for the unionists now outnumber the op- : 10 one. And it conclusion that will be the first of the new republic. * % k * the little more than a ¥ been in Washington, Dr. Bi the present Guatemal president r he -hi In ha has become a leading figure among the Latin_ American_diplom: One of his main objects has b to “put Central America on the map” for the American busin man, and he h: taken every advantage 10 bring before | Republic. want Bianchi in the council. and his guldance as president in order that he may better wicld his wide influence to cause Nicarag a Ricy to join thie new union. It is believed , more than Ameri and ¢ the union Costa Central Niearag in addit gate to the federal eoune will be chosen 4o repre in the ¢ of e republic ate me The deputics wiil . and on 1 the chi t for the [ and ot} ce. and 1h to fus begin A mission js ¢ ton from G Ivad the new by this tion of the America, there o replaced 0 rep The Hondu hin repre ldiplomatic he will mi State for 1l and the Hope spirit 1w en th nation of The text of this WS e . American public tl I oppor- itral Ameri s today ents a pic tin American of the story of his cing physieian in » the soon-to-he £ the world’s baby with the romantic has characterized Latin fizure |prominsace rise from i Gaaten sident- public teems which Americ bl Estrada tWenty-two years n slowly but 14, when Dr. Bianchi, with six other ting men of (¢ emala, organized al Manu against had the unionist party. intended to bring the about union of the five Central ["nionist, was executed within a short tin is said he told his friend his death r efforts to m . But-he didn ¢ grew in 100 day and at the Bianchi 10 re- to s fend of half that been set free. time REPUBLICAN LEADERS FRETTING OVER DELAYS™ IN PLEDGE REDEMPTION (Continued from First Page.) and dominating counts for the of the Senate dominate by hi legislative body to the extent that he n drive through it legisiation will denominated When thig ses to exist either from the power of public opinion against such leader- ip. from illness. or from any other circumstance, delay in legislation inevitable. person- frequent a * ok ok ok And while the Senate is continuing its delay in taking decisive action on imperatively important legislation the House has taken another long step toward efficiency and expedition teps whi v B i 5 steps which will wipe war out of the i, jegislative procedure. The new nless. “the mext ot 1 ideq, | Policy was summoned last week ¢by in thelr opinion. the eivinzatioided; | House Leader Mondell, putting into 2 ¢ n ofjeffect a réform advocated in these the present ern will become a thing of the past, as have the civilizations of other ages. Becau: of the ing: nuity of man today. a future war probably would result in wiping out whole cities and peoples. * ¥ ok *x Arrangements have been made by the national council to keep in touch | by cable with organizations in Great Britain, Japan, France and elsewhere | supporting the plan for limitation of | armaments. Furthermore, it will keep the public press of this and| other countries fully informed as to | the sentiment developing here and abroad as the conference progresses. It will maintain at its office here a press headquarters, with facilitles for the newspaper men. It plans to main- tain a staff of experts, who will be! able to furnish data relating to the armaments question in this and other countries. : Messages have been received by the | council telling of the development of organizations in Japan and England, particularly in support of the pro- posed limitation of armaments and peace, the object of such limitation Big meetings in Tokio and other pgrts of Japan have been held in support of this- program. The peoples of earth can live at| peace with each other far more eas- ily than is generally believed to be the case, provided they have the say, in_the opinion of Mr. Libbey. He| believes that the Japanese and Eng- | lish peoples are willing to go as far| and even farther than the American | people in the. limitation of arma-| ments. | “Nor are the French people mili-{ taristic,” said Mr. Libbey. “They |have had all they want of war. They are sick of war. They are, too, a thrifty people and feel keenly the burden of war taxation, I do not agree with statements that the bit- terness engenderéd by the wars of 1870 and 1914 will not die down in France. 1 have worked for many months in the Argonne and have seen many instances of the melting of suspiclon and hatred through intimate acquaintance between the French peasant and the German prisoners allotted to him to aid in the rebuild- ing of devastated regions.” e e The high cost of maintaining beau- ty has caused a shortage in the num- ber of fashion models. jcolumns more than a Mr. vear age. Mondell_spoke as follows: “Mr. Speaker, for years there has been a sentiment in the House that in the interest of goad legislation, and for the convenienceé of members. we ought to know a little further in advance than we have generally been informed in the past as to legislation | that was likely to be taken up for| Members on both sides | consideration. have called attention to the need and advisabi)ity of arranging, if possibl and so far as it is possible under the rules of the House, a program at least a few days in advance in order that members may study the bills that are likely to be brought and that they may give particular attention to mat- ters that they are informed about and interested in. We have made a very earnest effort in the last vear to out- line programs so far as it was possible to do so. The programs thus tenta- tively agreed upon have been an- nounced from time to time from thej floor. “We have now taken another step in the matter to accommodate the mem- bers of the House, and, we believe, in the public interest. Yesterday there! was placed on the bulletin board in the lobby a tentative program for the week. Members realize that such a program must be purely tentative. Certain matters come up under the general rules of the House, but the House must determine what will be dcne at any given time. So these pro- grams indicate only a tentative agree- ment of prosram subject to change at any time the House may determine land as conditions may warrant. “I am not sure that we will find .we can follow these programs closely enough to make it worth while to continue them, but I am very much in hopes that through consultation with the Speaker, members of the steering committee, chairmen and members of the various legislative committees, and chairmen and members of the rules committee wé may be able to present a fairly accurate-plcture a week in advance of what the House is likely to consider. We have under- taken this new departure in the hope that it will be useful to the members, particularly In the hope that it will not only enable but will incline mem- Ibers to give careful attention In ad- | vegetables produced in 1919, vance to the legislation that is likely to be considered. I should be very glad indeed to have suggestions from members at any time in regard to these tentatlve programs and as to whether or no it is wise to continue them.” | lier said. for | g inl found the aims of this new ditor wi | thrown into jail. Dr. B H ssumed the editorial ¢ \wasn't_long hefore he followed the ! editor to prison. He expected to s, and | d nd miner in part | Btates, with popula TIN000.000. offcr a0 vast 1 found. M it thiek about t for the and with | in_the “Alre | busine vast sums ! than in South sucerss i that no s pected un [ pense is to sxador of ¥t Chile in business tries to th due to incessant prodding by the Anzora government. This action of 1 % % % x i ctive citizens < not appear that he is a poltroor certainly does not please Gr rdbabe i : 2 Never has 1 . The situation is now in a ridiculous phase. pleases Britain, Following Cabrera’s overthrow, Dr. | 1o Ktases and Chile heon b ! Bianehi was asked to accept the nom- | maga’ “niore than « » lination for the presidency. He de-) pogays OT 10 R Prohibic clined on the zround that his efforts | pow PO S i ) with rohibition Enforcement {in e Fevoludion would e miseon- | Riron (1 ot N> o |strued it he . ont. [pacman s Agent Refuses Big Bribe {resumcd 1he pract dicin it i : inter { appointment as minister 10 the § & qional 1asw and fheir dutics to ho- s ion here has been de E osa felat 4 thelr siE it. for his encmi P nubiic il e E in their prop: 2 r political riat hav I P articularly active P ¢ Fentn ADects i se of the umion of jdentic P v wi em the | {Central American states, and it was| Pan-American Unjon, nations, fthe t that upen formation of that ich de s 1 ’ ., Ir Jdie he would yme its first powerful i ) {represent in count ernment may « il of People, to Be Active Here pesseniaixe o tin s )| prament s . federal council can E L and ord gF to many of his fri 5. all he i ity understood that the unionists! and henevolent] with il s I O ‘PRESSURE ON AMERICA | TO OUTLINE POLICY AS TO NAVAL ARMAMENTS e tinued from First Page time e aut of new of warfars {countrics. Som i might render u ful navies throw into the Hlions of dollars fnve {struction. This subjec experts, mu potential 1 armaments and my along with any proposition {naval construction and jof naval {her own ibases as quite s {ital ships, and so gency of warfar would 1 ved in their con- t by the having ns i wie dangerous 1o a al ship, Here is a conside it is faid. is not being overlooked by the governments sending delesates to the | conference, n : the essity of the conference, ng successful in reaching & nt for limitation tion which. {of armaments, the peopl the Buropean coun and of the United States taking t e int {hands and isuppl,\‘ vot means for continui: ing ri i al_ armament. Eng land and the United Stat {lieved by some thinker {life, will not—that ix 1o people who furnish the money f support of govermment will not countenance _continuance, let alone jexpansion, of the present system of |n‘" ay for warlike pre; 1 80 out of proportion with all expendi- world-wréck- in tures. In this view of the case, if it is | representative of the situation, it would seem that the conference is ! obliged to be a suce a practical working p gestion follows that States and Engl tation, nations may not be xo respon will, must fall into lin nd bring out The_sug- the United t upon limi- pvernments to popular if ve Fix ok n Some distinguished commentators upon the approaching conference have voiced the anprehension the “international j will be found fluence in the meeting State Hughes is said 1 apprehension. In loo list of delegates he | sence therefrom of ciers of the countries 4 and does not_believe that financial ques- tions will come up. If the interna- tional bankers are to be present they will be on the side lines and will werk under cover. (Copyrigut, 1921, by The Washington Star.) JUICY TOMATO IS FAVORITE. The juicy tomato was America’s fa- vorHe vegetable in 1919, according to official statistics. The output of toma- toes constituted 21.4 per cent of all and it T quired 316,395 acres to supply the d {mand of the American public for this Magyland Jed all over the the ab- of finan- ing appetizing side dish. Iamlcs in_ the production of tomutoes, with a total of 58,083 acres; New Jersey was second, with 36,366 acres, and Seli- fornia third, with $1,110.