Evening Star Newspaper, October 9, 1921, Page 43

GREEK KING'S AIMS APPEAR DOOMED eadlock and Failure in Near East May Lead to Venizelos' Return—Allies Must Act Soon. 1Y OLIVER OWEN KURN. LONG the historic Sangarios river and in the basin of t zelos. That he has failed undoubtedly will be the cause of far-reaching re- action. If the allies do not eventually take Salaria, the home of the an-|® hand_ in ending the strife existing b ey £ Wy |in the near east, Greece eoventually s rygian kings, it MAY| may jose that which Venizelos gained. . stated with réasonable degrec of | Tf ever the time comes when it ap- mfidenc the riddle of the (;m-o-lpela_d th‘ut Cflll'l!‘fllll]’nr can:lot corl:(- e T boocoled. Toins | S0lidate Venizelos' gains, so to speak. urkish conflict has beer solved. m:{glmm 't Vaniselosgulng, 80t speal instantine, who, to strencthen Dhis|will swing back into power to pre- tored dynasty, Set in motion a war |Serve Greece’s aspirations, which, un- e e S has | der Venizelos, received rothing but ORYUSS PIIRIUERONE A DKL, #!the heartiest co-operation and good sn defeated in his ambitions, to il of the larger powers of Europe. cize Angora. The Greeian pe &_Jr)h- and 1d world capitals no longer believe m capable of carrying out his vain- orious boasts of tha restoration of lLe old Greei Constantine conquer it of grateful- RS on the part 0(; Kemal Gains Influence. Though from a military standpoint the recent battles in the near east j have ended in a deadlock, neither of | the armies technically being at disad- cantage, Mustapha Kemal has pre- nted the Greeks from taking An- ionalist capital. This. victory for the -, if dispatches are to :, the nationalist in- cxtended by leaps and ¢ bordering states are re- ing their negotiations with the all looking toward perpetua- { tion and consolidation of Moslem in- tluence. This may or may not react !against the French and Brit I hold mandatory ierrituries in Mes potamia and Syria. Athens in would tuated out of w ~ss and thanks E « Grecian people. May Retreat to Aegean. \s a result of prolonged battle questionable d of ¢ the . nearly twen nd € troops wiven their liv demoralization ulting from ! after all. may prove dangerous, not- clever made to win undoubtedly | withstanding the ver: French and British ha the the ; ain rmanently | sympathy and perpetuate thelr in- of conquering | luence. victory. it ap-|° There is little question that the [.ars that Constantine must driveallies soon must co-ordinate and ad hrough the streets of Athens an-|vance a definite policy. At any jun s of x staged|ture, they undoubtediy will be called pstead of spontane-jup to mediate the Greco-Turco con- jict, in which case there must be sreement and understanding before- and, and there must follow clear-cut, wering to the | ation prac 3 ngements W en sorely tri % ve action in advancement of x Tesuli of the fuilure of Con- | panaceas for the ills of the near east. e's effort u strong republic i Turk Claims Renewed. gaining headw, 2 King's Position Predicted. Some months back T 4 a Constantine made good checked, Mustapha s claims for the oration of the hi. (e mercurial temperament of | vld Tur military power has ecks would change and former | waned tie conflicts with the migit £a as- | tireek rticiess, in case }X\e the kingdom. It grow weary of their scif-im- that eventuality is|posed task in Anatolta and withdraw The foreign offices it will bring the Turks within strik- and Paris have received | ing distance and in position to griev. in-imations the | ously menace rilied nlans in_reward that tois well > hotzh ! to the distribution of the old Turkey. hip in Athens pre-F1t will place the Turks in position ented news of actual developments|where the demand recognition Diplo o cireles. | of many. i not all. of their claims. care of the generai| The to bring peace in the and inasa s | near cast and protection for mandated eredited. is genera s rritories. tantin hroush o the Turks in order to make the jealous i e | treaty of Sevres more than a scrap h ries have retreate In case Mustapha Kemal. through if they do not take ition in|his check of the Greeks, should fire region of Eski-Sch to re-|Mohammedan ardor throughout the! ver during the winter months from fnear east, then the allies’ position. moves | THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTO D. ¢, OCTOBER 9, 1921—PART - 2. ~ 3 \THE STORY THE WEEK HAS TOLD | | i i i 1dy to make many concessions | i BY HENRY W. BUNN. (Copyright, 1021, by The Wa HE following is a brief summary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended October 8: THE . BRITISH EMPIRE—Lord Northcliffe, who has be®n dining, golfing and talking around the globe, the other day urged the Australlans to set on foot measures to in- crease the immigretion of European whites into Australia; else they might not cxpect (their passionate hope) to keep Australia a’ white man’s country. Alfeady the teeming millions of Asia are gazing hungrily across the bar- rier of sea; not without some muttering. Sound advice. The plot thickens in India. The Méham- meden brothers Ali have been put in quod for treasonable practices. They have been Sub- porting Gandhi's movement for non-co-opera- tion with the British, have heen urging their fel'ow Mohammedans to refuse to serve in the British army. Of course, co-operation between Mohammedans' and those of the Hindu faith is unnatural and can only be temporary. 1f the British should be expelled frem ‘India the warlike Mohammedans would make life hideous for the pacifist Hindus, as they used to do. What would happen is even now being illus- trated in Malaber (southwest coust of British India), where the Mohammedau Moplahs e tinue to slay the poor Hindus for the glor of Allah. It is rumored that the Britixh authoritfes will immure Saint Gandhi at last Perhaps, having to choose between two evils— that of leaving this pestilent saint free to agitate and thut of locking him up aud so waking @ martyr of him—the British may choose the latter, but they are quite aware of the danger in that choice. The worst of it is thut Gane really a saint and much respected by the British, Sor all that he is such i stupendous nuisar We get cnly the most meager details of developments in India, t which developments there are none more®im- portant any wl he Irish delegates to the ference left Ireland ou Friday. tinue in Belfast 5 Lloyd George and his cabinet are wrestling Gesperately with unemployment problems. Wk X % GERMANY.—The agréement drawn up seve- ral weeks 2o by Dr. Rathenad, German min- ister of reconstruction, and M. Loucheour, ¥French minister of the liberated reglons, is uow under consideration by the French parlia- ment and the German reichstag. (Approval by the reparations commission, as well as ratificu- tion by these bodles, is required to make the ugreement effective). It is an agreement on methods intended to . hasten reconstruction in the devastated Freneh irea, by substitution for reparation gold marks of German materials, German manufactured articles, etc. Optimists have thousht that this agreement might be broadened into, or lead to, o large commercial understanding. = Under it Germany would enzage to make deliveries to the value of seven billion gold marks during the next five years. Gold deliveries would be credited at the price paid by the big German industries (endinz a long controversy). The French commission which has heen searching in Germany for French rolling stock would be ington Star.) London con- Outrages con- withdrawn. Sundry other causes of friction would be removed. A proposal of first importance. against whose adoption irreconcilables in hoth France and Germany will make a fight, with cries of “pro-German,” “pro-French,” but there seems little doubt of ratification. The French and with the irregular Hungarian band} in the Burgenland. Whatever may be thought of the first part of that statement, the second part’is doubtless true. The allies are not likely to invite the Hungarian regulars into the Burgen- land again, and the Hungarian bandits are not susceptible to moral suasion from Budapes The interallied commlission of control at Oden burg has no troops to enforce its orders. The situation is not creditable to the allies, It is their business to expel or exterminate the desperadoes who terrorize the distr It has been thought that Jugoslaviu or Czechoslovakia might be given 2 mandate to such purpose. Some fear that, In such case, the Hungarian regulars who ate lingering near the porder of the debated territory could nmot be restrained from mixing in, and then the fat would be in the fire. (1 have just seen . report that the allfes have agreed to accept Italfan mediation in the Hurgenland controversy. If true, it is a most extraordinary business.) 2 * k ok k SOVIET RUSSIA—How wise Mr. Hoover showed himself in the agreement he exacted from the sovict authorities to govern the ud- ministration of American relief. Had the dis- tribution been left to' the soviet authorities (as Nansen agreed concerning the supplies to be furnished by the European organizations represented by him), the soviet authorities would have got all the credit, and, with their other preoccupations, would probably b cxerted themselves very little to supplement American relief. But, with the Americans superintending the distribution of their ‘own supplies, the bolshevists must for shame (let us hope) and for very self-protection emulate the American efforts;, that the peasunts m: not make inferences discreditible and dang to the soviet regime. A first_effect ‘of the American spur mighty cffort to get seed to the famin in time for the winter planting. Enough seed us grain was distributed’to plant one-fifth of the to be area planted lust year. Little enough, sure, but, however little, only uchie mendous effort at the last moment think, as a by-product of Americau Nansen is a glorious feilow, a very brave man and 4 true friend of humanity. Put ke is quite too simple minded. He lad the Hoover compact for a model, yet he let the soviet authorities distribute supplies of the organizations h: Naturally (whether rightly or wrong Other question) the European would give him no credits, and private charity closed fts wallet. The international commission of relief for Tiussia (the creation of the upreme councily is again in session (at Brusscls), eightecn nations being represented. Ultimately. | pre- sume, the commission will emerge from talk into action. Probably it will try to make Mu agrcement stmilar to the Hoo 1. and to obtain_cancellation of the Nansen agreement, in order to avold duplication of Europeai offort. Warsaw's ultimatum to Moscow. requiring fulfilment by the latter of certain unfilled clunses of the Riga treaty by October 1 (else rupture of diplomatic relations), did not take effecl. Moscow “came around,” and some sort of agreement was made. Warsaw will not get the Jold rublcs due her (Motcow probably has none,, but will get their equivalent In raw materials. A war cloud blown away. Moscow s speculation mad: altends horse races: goes to the opera in evening dr Back to the good old ways. £ % * % ! ~NEAR EAST.—-Fighting between Greeks and | Iy i an cernn government to accept the services of these troops. Assuming the charges to be true, why, one asks, did the Angora government, when so desperately pressed several weeks ago, refuse the proffered help? H. Charles Woods, one of the best authorities on the near east, suggests a plausible answer. 1t looks as though Moscow has been playing a double game in AnatoHa. She, of course, wished the Turkish nationalists to defeat the Greeks, and to that end furnished the natjonalists considerable munitions. But, that defeat accomplished, she did not wish to see a really strong nationalist government, recognizing that, for all the bouquets Moscow and Angora havo been throwing at each other, 1slam and bo'shevism are fundamentally an- tagonistic. So then the cleverest Muscovite were sent to Anatolia to sow the seed hevism. Mr. Woods ascribes to the demoralizatoon caused by their propaganda and intrigucs the recent Turkish defeats. Things being at a desperate pass for the Turks, Moscow offered the aid of red troops (with what sinister ultimate aims may be guessed.) But by this time Mustapha Kemal was eu- lightened: he saw the double game. If he must be eaten, he might as well be eaten with Greek as with sovieL sauce. So he declined Muscovite offer. Presumably the Muscov gents were sent packing and their pious worl i« being undone. The Turkish morale now ap- peared to be all that Allah could wish. Without Russian help the Greeks have been sent flying estward_toward the sea. For once Tchicherin Dbeen @ little 100 smart. Those red divisions may as well move off. The above may not be precisely correct explanation, but I think it “warm.” kK K UNITED STATES.—Senator Penrose de- clares that the republican leaders have no in- teutoon of abandoning the permanent tarift Vill or of delaying its enactment. Should the permanent tariff fail of enactment before No- vember 27, it is probuble that Congress will 1ot vote extensibn of the veriod of operation of the Fordney emergency tar:ft bill. President Harding hus appealed to governors “nd mayors to put into effect the recommen tions made by the Lational conference on unem- ployment, especially as to organization suitable 1o deal with the present emergency. The response has been be: ry Hoover has desiy nated Col. A Woods 1o hexd a special committe. which shall act a house information emergen: . on loyment. has been commissos of York city, and the armistice while stil in th headed the work of tinding jobs for ex men. The American tegion Wwil! address 17 task of locking after the unemployed ex-service men over the winter. Their number is alieged I 00,000, i, e.. about 21 per cent of all ex- service sliiit in to the tremendous reave in the number of employ reported for September. Geveral trad roked up o litle: all are aprecd tant the out- luok is definiicly more hopeful. * * MISCELLANEOUS.—The tion informed the league a would accept the decisions of vanlan 4 Iy thut Albayia the council of ambassadors upoun its controversies with Greece and Jugoslaviu. China hus rejected Japaw's proposals for negotiation of the Shantung controversy language almost contemptuous. The league sembly ended its session on October It has one definite achievement to its credit—the in national conrt. Belgium, the Netierlands and Portugal have Leen invited to participate in the discussions 'FARM BLOC LEADER date for Congress because no one else could be found to make the fight agalnst the redoubtable Representa- tive James A. Tawney, Sidney Y. An- derson was one of the greenest new members who .ever came to the na- tlonal legislature, ‘but he has come to be reckoned with as one of the sgtrongest republican leaders and as chief of the farmer forces in Con- gress. Representative Anderson is chair- jman of the joint congressional com- mission of inquiry with regards to the needs of the agricultural indus- try, to which he has been giving in- tensive study during the last four months. On the reorganized appro- priations committee he was selected as chairman of the subcommittee to handle all appropriations concerning REPRESENTATIV] ANDERSON. agriculture. During the congressional vacation and during the period of | hree-day recesses for the House Mr. Anderson acted as majority leader ip he absence of Frank W. Mondell. Ways and Means. e derson has an < 'u young mem- i i i worried over credit. His constant aim was to get NOT TILLER OF SOIL Representative Sidney Y. Anderson Was a “Kid"” Lawyer When Picked to ‘Lca.d Supposed Forlorn Political Hope. A “kia” lawyer, picked as a candl- devotion to his duties here. There is an impression among. some Who casu- ally look down upon the House as they would upon animals at the Zoo his full share of loafing and that he's AZY. cause he doesn he is doing—he does his work earnest- 1y by himself, but when it comes to clinch in debate he {8 there with the facts and with a determination, boru of confidence soundnees of his decision that puts it over. Representative Anderson does That impression is gained be- t make a show of what in himself and the His influence is due to two thing:: Furst, he gives all his time and energy to his job; mind that whatever jobs he was given to do, they might seem, he had to do tho best he knew how. second, he made up his no matter how unimportant His district is primarily agricul- tural, probably the best in Minnesota, and the interests of the &tate as u whole are agricultural; €0 he has al- ways felt that he could be of service to his district and state if he applied himself to the problems of agriculture better than in any other way. Not Himself a Farmer. ‘While he is not a firmer, his farm experience being limited to working as a hired man to get enough money to go through college, he has had « hand in practicaily all the measures of primary interest to agriculture jthat have been passed by Congress in more cluded the appropriation bills for the support of the Department of Agri- cultur grette and means committec to go on the committee on agriculture, and he has reason to feel that agriculture in this country is no took that surprising action. For his personal recognition the ways and means commniittee offered a better op- portunity, his district, state and country, as he saw them, there was an opportunity to do something actively and he took the chance. than a decade. ThLese in- He has personally never I tLat he threw up the ways worse oft because ho but for the interests of Representativc Anderson introduced the original packers' control bill, and 48 it finally became a law there was only slight change from his original draft, while the Kenyon bill, the Nor- ris bill and otkers went by the boarde. His bill was the basis for the legisla. tion that finally paseed, but he never who would get the things done. Representative Anderson was also interested in appropriations for ex- tension of the county agent and farm bureau work under the Smith-Lever act, appropriations for eradication of tuberculosis in animals, cradication and control of hog cholera, and de- velopment of the bureau of markets. During the war he helped to writs and pass the food control act which brought Herbert Hoover into promi- nence and led to his selection as Sece- retary of Commerce. Representative iof paper At the same time they| the German press are favorable. Turks in the vicinity of Eskishehr and Afium a:r the Washington confe.ence on far east and resigned from tie e ° jwould preserve their own personal; B Karahissar is reported. Whether the Greeks Pactfic questions. The invitation to Portugs ittee. which is \n-g?rfv‘x):!e'x"iz:l r:::litli‘n&mjnwh:\p‘l:’: IR i ery [ e A na it el | THE BURGENLAND.—The Mungariun gov- continue to retreat or have established defen- o her anclent rather thas for"committee | onle amcndments to the war fnunce e o stated tha i - ¢ e 1i oot presen ance in the orient. cery member, % sl 4 ctions daring the w -1 objections to the majorit | crnment so far responded to the ultimatum of sive lines does not appea ported the Britih crapire witl bave o davate e tion patticas :}llcr&fficdh\:‘l‘rjgr;l‘j}uu bl:‘}ll_O:vd?!l‘:g{ been forsi Towkish demands, so long as Con-! the council of ambassadors as to withdraw its The persistent report that two or more six delezates to the Washington conference, in. o uliur oblems:. ANGY for trs fartaeck. The Loverntaent 1o who | stantinople remains under allied dom- regular troops from the Burgenland and to Russian divisions are cncamped (have Jong cluding three dominion rep:esentatives. Premicr yet Repr tative Anderson is by no | juf, 15, CETIETE o 10 Shose crenfte. fration and the straits are kept onen formally turn over the district to an inter- been encamped) near<he border of Asia Minor Hughes of Australia continues to express dis- means azriculture-bound, or a legis- ~ A to the world. These things the allies g A e o ke tiie Tora O i S satisfactin because the dominions have not in only one sub- Against “Clam” Legislation. 'r of Gre- ! never will surrender. and as the allied commission of control. It, however, &eems to be true. Lord Curzon charges that G At e woniinton i have o L T ey Sl e B i Turks, from u military. standpoint. declares that it has been and is unable to deal Moscow has been trying to persuade the Angora conference. 2 Zener . and with the re-|tive Anderson, leader of the agricul- re not now and will not be in po: 3 i publi nization of the House|tural clan in Congress, is not agricul- flon [farLmenst frears; to. enfores mes The w ously considered for!ture-bound. Here is his own testi- alization of their ambitions, Musta-! la place legi ¢ steering | mony: peace conference, to ob-ipha Kemal may make concessions. comumitte “I'do not believe in class legislation wing the oid Grecian . than! Fbut the time is nearing when the - Tt will alied that during the |as class legislation. The problems cf other statesman si the dayiallies cannot longer idly sit by and . - Y aon : Tetticr Of 1910 e e e AtER i ebattetss the deeline of - Afhens au-iwatch events take their course in the e ol o e e an r n affa u-. near east. Undoubtedly. there will} y e T o e e i Tl able b believed souzht to ex-|be swift. sure strokes once some of ! 8 i Bagne- bdrich tarie DL Theee two | helte Haclt ‘a5, 4n. ingustry’ ible rise to a split in tie republican and the progressives developed rong following all over the coun- is_unotganized. The farmer usually sells his products for cash and his con- !trol usually ceases when he sells food their own intergal and esternal issuer } itory. Sve sut ol e > { BY EDWARD ). DINGLEY. nd_through m onauest. 1o o v Venizelos Venl- vote taken on “free tolls for “free ships passing and | American goast-wisc August 24, 1912, contained the tolls for American coast-wise vessels” ing fact remaiu sion of that after a discus- more than sixty vears, th. ¢ H HE voyage of the Oregon ' yyrouoy ™y &0y clause, which it the questjon at issue. fundament: e try. Anderson was a vouthful lawyer iproducts on the local market. Conse- 3 T e A se, Wh e ques ssue ental questions have not been | innesota ere was der- h LANS COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY | | arouns cove niornin 1555, to ™" sign Spoun tn controversy. The™providinial "aimpaiy o 1618 e ver |, Tiire m s o L e was in progre: and both leading The rupporters of the repeal meas- lese than the size of the industry i join the Atlantic fleet, con-. rpe high spots in this long-drawn- »a%. 2 A B e el 4 strong candidate was_sought to OF U S HIGHWAY DEVELOPMENT‘ Vinced the American people out controversy are these: The Clay- b SLiiloriei Jfrae folls 1o Amers wre areded that 'fl‘_gm’;.mo'fi‘llg‘fi“i:fsIolmosejlh- oid salvart, Representa- |as g wiole Justifes. (© 2 o ton-Bulwer treaty of 1850 guaranteed 6 ipaes = oreand = 8 ¥ s | tive “Jim" Tawney. ey came te| “However, whatever is done for agri- . : }that a canal across the lstvhmus of o e e e eanal (veferring | (rade, passing through the canal. :1\‘_{.«: Y):h{-r s ‘d';: argued that the canai | Anderson as a last resort, and he re- {culture muct be done because it is in {ranama was a naval as well 48 & (hen to a Nicaragua canal), and pro- President Wilson's Message. wog ‘mm"lh_\ it] hAmurncan money and iplied that he didn’t have an ambition | the intcrzst of the country as a whole. {commercial necessity. It was the yided that the CUnited States and = March 5, 1914, President Wilson ap- 7 an DLrains, and that the[to enter politice for the advertising (It is in the interest of the country as ‘auncefote ty “never con- it would give him unless he thought{a whole to h a sound, progressive. Hoover's proposal for a | Great Britain should share equally peared in person before Congress and Seeretary munity, the mileage improved with inni 3 ealization of the ! _treaty 3 o wide drive for Beodorond build- | ¢ach of the several distinctive types {0cEINNINE of 2 AL i the construction and control of declared that “excmption constitutes |<TPIated the United States should |he had a chance to win. He was profitzble agricultural industry, ~and . 1 d-10f surfacing. the mileage under|dreams of explorers, discoverers, \p "L, 0l0q \aterway across the a mistaken policy from cvery peint ;< debrived of the right of arrang- jabout the only one who then thought |that the people in it shall have eco- ng as the readiest way to relieve | ioiematic maintenan. as well as|rulers and statesmen, from the days isthmus, Some writer has said this of view. . .. We ought to reverse & SRd regululing Its coast-wisethat he might win. Rooseveit, Pinchot | nomic re rds commensurate with the ‘nemployment, which is the major!to what extent the road mileaze has|{oy palboa to the days of Mckintey was the first and only time the Mon- our action .1 shall not know | (O _.U“-"*‘\"l f«;m .alxu! that the land the other great progressive lead- {sume degre: of industry, intelligenc: roposition to come up for considera- | been classified, and the mileage em- it 4nd oL, s boen ur- how to deal with other martters of | 'Ords “on terms of equality” in the jers helped in his campaign and he |and investment of capital'in the other L e 5 {braced in such ificd systems, | aNQ Roosevell. Delesseps Licu aus oo goreg - even greater delicacy and consequence | {ToALY gre intended to prevent the,wou. industries.” That is Representative An- ion before the national conference on | 3 2 nited States from discriminating in | Growih in Ten Years. et sencliusions &S ehatuman of he Suez was his monument; if it to me in un- failed. vou do not gr 5 In order that we may know some. Tn 1901 the United States persuaded tavor of orei v agains i emplorment cal by President | ehing as to whether the coft of the | unama s sepulchre. The war witn Great Britain to abrogate the Clay-|grudging measure \ 2 another ,‘:;'_';‘.iénf r:g:‘io';“'_‘sfl"- Sghinsty epresentative Anderson came to Jjoint congre: ;.rummrt-xdo‘n of agri- furding, has focused general inter- [roads is distributed in aceordance o mntionul senievs. | ton-Bulwer {reaty, and agree to the A storm broke over the Capitol The®Re [00IER TAon- nig. | Washington “ax green us they make cultural inquiry—rhat legislation for the T Bhe federal movernment's co- | with the benefits derived, the investi. SPain and the sensational acnieve- {0807 Ve o J anty, “transferring Passions of party strife rolled inig.nUonind Presidens Wilton s Hhree, | €M regarding legislative matters— | farmors must be passed as part of the in bailding Ereat hishwava | gation will inelude & survey of the{ment of the Oreson transiated &|ihe rights of ownership and construc. Waves of eloguence. ~Debate lasted :Sp" JRInS Fresiqent Wilkoms phrase, eo that the influence he now has in|general program for ull industrs and continent. i various sources from which the funds ,ream into a reass. tlon fo the United States exclusively. Six onths. It was the mort ilumi- | 0" 2rie, 0" (U0 "-‘c,‘-‘ ‘:'I' !the councils of the leaders he won |the Zeneral good of the entire countrr. -t that this has been an iare derived for construction of roads,! | .y is the background of !h,""mm III of this convention of 1901 nating, exhaustive and eloquent dis- i, 0 ong heurer conse “l‘!‘:‘_‘"d ,r“}a(( "; during the last ten ars by close 'not as class legislation. adented season for tourist travel |of bridges, and also for maintenance, | LDIPIOMACY 18 the LaBEErolng O DL cads as follow The canal shall cussion held in Congerss since “frew |Fdc} ARd nearer consequence” was a | — w automobiles, with the railrouads|together with the amount from e it e ertoun Waring, ene be free and open to vessels of com- ilv daye of 1396 The greatiyZRichy. Jome guessed 1t meant{ step was to the south. In 1879 she smplaining that such travel hns cut | source. e e Y. - merce and war, of all nations observ- Epecches made in this memorable de-{y, orivan sy hy ] {annexed the Lu-Chu archipelago, ex i nto their business, and the anu money 'tts ivunuauon. |IREXCe Aac¢ WAL, oD tive bate, vu both sides, are search-lights | \fusrican svmpathy for Ireland, both | el o = iegw, ox Cont of Mnintenance. H rresiuent meniniey soes ine |IE thesc rules on me of entire (o the towers of American diplomatio!(f Which appeared to touch Amef- tending from the southernmont 0T 4 !onor of utusuug the “big Job” in oquality, so that there b 0 nering & period oOf slxty.|¢lws relations with Great Britain. | large Japuncse islands southwestivard Data will also be collected rclative discrimination against any such na- { for 700 miles to Formosa. tion or its citizens or subjects, in re- Recent publication ]hussfldol' Page's of former Am- correspondnece Wwith Ane g Usad 01 scadniey They i four vears—from 1850 to 1914. handise, is the total iuvestment in read{! | claim to these small, but pleasant and of ‘the growing intercst | machinery and eauipment and the ex- { (OFEW Lhe REUDICIN 01 OUIET SHoUUErs | oot of the conditions or charges of deal with American honor. American} E. M. House and fresident Wile populous islands, as she did to For- development. penditures for Tepair and main- Buter nuusevelt fuu nauy. {traffic, or otherwise.” / independence, American sovereignty ...\ firows some light on the = mosa. but she finally consented to The proposal of the House wa tonance. Al prosent mot evem ap- | iyt ths great international drama| The act of Congress providing for and American lreaty obligations 10iery " In these letters Ambassador | ! Japar's annexinz them. \ieans committee to put a flat ximate infory ie availabie | op i centiy CHTSr Prosuent Koose- | the opening of the canal, approved other mations. However, the outstan = | and telis of the i e | " “Japans victorfous war with China 1o on all automo 10 the omount investad by (he | ooy ana Do cecroiary O Slate, HON | ——————— iy upder in London because of the f o e O e i Fecogmition, of ihe States, countics, cfties. towns and (0 " ne powercis personancy snd § T CO j frec Page ‘advantage and in addition cre: lice of the fuderal other communitics road building e auwericamsm of eresdent | AI, ]“ “This canal® tolls heightened her prestige among th building and upke ( maintenance, plant. machine: A% W Gt o e ATkl | matte in the way of every-l| iva British Isles, Its Is-|nations ~China ceded the island o nning the st i snd cquiment. nov ag to how much |\ geal s souwn L.y, Eave | ; ith They (the By 4 | Formosa (now officially known as ation of the recognition is expended annually for its mail- | ae Colled SULles 15 tois Grivcal PROFI I'EERS O of our go ] Taiwan), with its 13,000 square miles he fact that th at hig of - tenance MUUP IWo eteusi wacaecesw ] i contend, “it_has violated | [ands Form Fringe of Great |of territory and it 3.500,000 inkabit- he country ure plaring a l: au that { |erican Aiswis. i 3 il " Ambassador Page made a | * |ants: and the Chinese peninsulu of n the daily life f the Amer 1 road and street | Y nere were ihree fhitial steps fac- A |sbeech in London in which he stirred | Liaotung, on which batile-scarred le than ever befors event , coal producers and deale The federated e« or i e Lrtsicent and i seuretary | Two® bills, deslgned to produce ors- Stal - an wgrecnent witn the | profiteering In coal, a tie-up of the ! I 1% provided ihat wRenorn (o0 Continent. fPe tolls” men in Congres: wuch as Ambassador Harv, expenditur S | billion-dollar s rapidiy appre it { Port Arthur is now situated; and ac- ching the knowledged the independence of Ko- thne " that neer nark is \f the country wure €uppor | the na made 5 vt = i sti oA & 455 o = o i K this fa nd_are tivities in - order 2 ko 1 LW 3 U o o 2 Z I 2 i . con dustry & et Ol it £ 5 i i seas, has| - onstruction wor is fall and are ins in order that it may have | Ui WIB e Lt outes o 0 |by the public were Introduced in the threatens in the coal indusiry andjdressiu London. Page's removal was |lsolation in the Aslan seas, has| O SRntg "and' Russialater the plans for t demanded. Unsettled Questions. Senate vesterday by Sena.or Kenyon of |supply which seems likely to produce | Jowa, chairman of the commitice on a shortage or tring about unreaxun-, who recently able prices detrimental to the public] -o-operating he Pres { emerged to become one of the domi-|jeaged it from China. but the Russo- nant factors in the Pacific. might be | Japanese war placed it again in Japa- much accurate information ential features of tuv pabsctl. 1Ne NISL Was aceom- unemployme plished peaceruny by tne payuren. of organized . i, work as a privat - ti nd labor, i of those in otier lines of | L "2y 4 "Toid aheotutely. naiepen: | oivvwosd to tae Wrenca 'ransma ) UERESE “eeene of tho LG In the | health, and when such findings Whall | Tere are the quustions unsettled | termed the narrower and less com-|Rese possession, and the ieland empire o Al contln-fsible in the interest of common sense, | VOIPAnY. | ARG Secoud wis wcvom- i coal flelds of West Virginia. !be confirmed by the President. thelstin: | uact Britain of the Far East” eavs a | TV holds it under a n nm);mufi::; Hed procuctiomn. K e efficiency and economy. The present | ¥ieuss wOL Su piavouils, wue s« @l “ppe flist bill, and also the shorter | President shall be authorized tv de- 1. What is the truc interpretation | bulletin from the Washinglon head- | J00b - 0%, D9 Gl B8 SOR0E SORER enaracteristically Roosevelt munner. rernaps 1t 13 Wise o pass over inel partisun controversy Iso bending iheir best efforts ourage zood-road builling, s avenues which the farmers uke their crops to market, but yringing the farms near o that 1 of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty? 2. What is the correct interpreta- tion of the Hay-Pauncefote conven- tion bill, is designed particularly to. pun- clare the existence of an emergency ish profiteering in dealing in coal. It |and empowered to fix maximum coal uid the BIFLD 1y rovides that it shall be unlawful for | prices and dealers’ commissions and uL e repubilc oL numi. U 18 Biany person or corporation ur firm en- | margins. During such an emergency closed chapier since, on e ZVth Of lgageq in interstate commerce fn coal | the President shall be empowered to ADPFIL JasL L0G LOWMDIan trealy, bY o profiteer In coal. The penalties for revoke the license of an operator or plants provide not only for securing thesc data for this year, but look for- ward to keeping this information up to date. There are thirteen federal district offices controlled by the bureau of gquarters of the National Geosraphlc|op the mainland of Asia and among Socie.y. b ! the islands. She obtained a protec- “Like the British isles, the Japanese | torate over Korea, a ‘sphere of influ- islands form the fringe of a greati.nee' in Manchuria, and the cession continent; both were in the hands of | 4y 1.5 southern half of the Island of petty kings and grew into a centrai-|guynalin, in r to the eity, on the farm is freed from ts old-time iselation and drudgery. Has the United States the right to exempt American coast-wise ves-! public roads. It is proposed to make these offices the centers for gathering fthe gata from the states comprising nileage of rural as well as urban|cach district. In a few states the iighways in the Unjted States, the ! state highway department files con- acter and extent of their im-|tain nearly ail of the rural-road data ement, the expense incident tofdesired, and the bureu hopes that in heir construetion and maintenanee, ! time ail state highway departments Lo origin and disbursement of the will be in similar touch with the road inds for highway purposes and -de- | work within their respective states. Survey Proposed by Burcau. A project to ascertain the total 4ils of administration under which | v states, however, it will be e work of improviug the nation’s to go to the counties, towns, Jizhways is carried ont, has just been | townships and even special road dis- jed by the bureau of pnblic triefs for the data. s, Similar Surveys, but Mol A8 g piversal Co-Operntion Kssential. fonsive. were made by the bureau T4, a0y find 1914, | The bureau fecls that to make this from | Survey a success the co-operation of that | eVery unit of government-going road [{ work In the nation is eesential, and, thercfore. requests the earnest 8- sistance and co-operation of not only 11 road officials, but of all associa- i present survey differs of the previous years in I embrace not only the rura utside the incorporated Vi nd cities, but also the urban such as streets, roads and < fuside of all incorporated places | tions, organizations, or individuals & & population of that may have any information or need of such a data as to these particular lines of C Congres now zjlocal highway activities. ¢ It is apparent that no- single unit of government doing road work should be omitted in gathering these data., jthat "in some of -the smaller units there is no centralized control and there are no complete records. Here £ road construction set out to build exten road mystems: counties ira local communities are voting arge amounts of bonds and taxing j iemselves to the limit in order to 82 funds for betterment of their ds. In the main, each state and ,mmunity is proceeding to the material assistance in checking up by speedometer readings the total road mileage within the unit as well e i cal roblems n oo ol S o 10! what the |as mileages of the various types. Fu- e Dt o hts and |ture legislation no doubt will be based tery community will £ain by a bet- | upon percentges of road mileage. It is very community will gain by 2 dane | therefore essential that each unit has ewhere, particularly in respect to|its total as well as its improved road b1 thod of administration and | mileage carefully recorded in this inancing S b 0 pointed out by the federal !agents also that if future records are I kept in accordance with the forms | adoptcd for this survey all units of government will have adopted a uni- form sysiem for recording highway expenditures. Each succeeding year Lcured from these expenditures. it will then be possible to gather the The “inves iy therefore data of expenditures with easo and icek to determine the total mileage |with some uniformity.for. compartive n each county and incorporated com- | purposes. To Lenrn Expenne und Results. The present rurvey aims to detér- rine not i1y how much money we . spendinz ‘en our roads, and from at sources our road revenues are but also what results are lorived, The federal agents recognize! the local motorisis or others can give | {by the Senate. ‘tnc third step was| accomplisned after mucn proiessionat Jewiousy, allIcrences Iin expert opin- ‘mm and_OlRer Causes—nol a very glorious chapter in Americun history. in_apri, 1v0(, President Roosevelt! !said: “I'm going to give the job o} ytne Army and somebouy whe cannot fquit” And ne did. 'tne Canal Zone wus created and the WoTk progressed under the airection of Army omcials. Opened for Commerce. Seven years later, in August, 1914, [the canal was opened for commerce. The “ditch” wasa the most stupendous engineering task undertaken in history up to that time. Enough rock and dirt was taken from the bed of the canal to build a wall as high and as thick as the great wall of China, 2,500 miles long. Today the canal is a success. In the fiscal year 1913 the. receipts in tolls were $4,343,383 and the expenses were §4,123,128; in 1920 the tolls were 198,035,879 and the expenses $6,548,272; in thre fiscal year 1921 the tolls were $12,040,116 and the expenses were $9,528,300. The expenses are outside +of fortincations. , » The United States has transformed this romantic and historic spot from 4 pestilence to a paradise. The Pan- ama canal, with its terminal cities, Inow is one of the wonders of the world, attractive because of its mar- i velous scemery, its balmy air, its warm and seductive sunshine. The atmosphere is filled with the tragic stéry of Columbus, the fable of Ponce de Leon and the tales of ancient forts, castles and dungeons. But the Panama canal question is not settled, nor are the treatfes and laws under which the canal was con- structed and is operated a closed book. For many years a diplomatic| waich tne United oSuates agreed (0lyofiteering are fines of not less than | d8aler who has 'sold coal or charged pay Cotombia $£0,000,000, Was ratined ' 199 or more than $10,000 for the first ja commission in excess of the prices offense, and for each succeeding of- fense punishment shall be by fme of Inot less than $1,000 and by imprison- | deal ment for the person convicted of not Jess than ninety dayh or miore than five vears in jail. s The bill fixes a scale of rates, and: when the margin of profit is m ex- coss of these rates, It shall be prima facie evidence of profiteering; The second bill s more compre- hensive and provides for the: gath- ering of the fullest information re- garding the coal business fh @il its ramificatjons by the Federal Trade Commissfon, the Interstate Commerce Commission _and the zeological sur- vey, =0 that the situation regarding coal production and prices may be | known o all times und also the profits which are being made by the SHIP EXPERTS MEET, Discuss Advisability of Putting New Engines in Steel Vessels. . Practicability of utilizing Diesel engines. in steel vessels in which the machinery now installed is more or less useless was discussed at a meeting of representatives of several of the leading shipbuilders of the country with Joseph W. Powell, president of - the Emergency Fleet Corporation. The cor- poration has a number of such engines on hand. A decision was not reached, the mat- ter being held in abeyance until fearibility of the project is passed on by both parties. There is a proba- bility, if the plan is found practical, it was" said, that the fleet corpora- tion will furnish hulls and engines to shipowners who are interested in Diesel-operated tonnage, the: owners and congressional warfare has been|to stand the entire expense:of chang- waged around Panama, and the rights|inz the - propelling . machinery, with of, the United States and Great Brit-|the understanding that they will have ain in the -premises. - GCnless. the .pro- lthe option to purel e on ‘some - gram is changed, on Monday, October | arranged basis.that . will:ba:attractive 10, ‘the-.controversy ‘may e ‘renswed| to.them. pre- e, sels from payment of tolls in Panama canal? 4. 1If go, what will be the economic effect? The Senate has agreed to settle me of these points Monday, October 10, unless the program is changed. That it may be changed will be due to the fear on the part of the admin- istration that a re-opening of the i case on the eve of ~he |and commissions fixed. | The President is also authorized t. in such an_emergency in coal ! at reasonable prices and to control 1the production. movement and disfri- { bution of coal as he shall deem neces- sary to the protection of the public h Whenever in any emergency w | has arisen out of an industrial dis-! ment conference will cause embar- putebetween operators and mines | rassment to the United States. the | the President determines to take over| host of delegates from Great Britain, { the operation of uny mines. he shall! coming to discuss the pathway to in- include in hiz order provision for{ternational peace. It Is feared by | just_compensation for the use of the l\xome that a vote to establish “free | mining properties taken over, and (olls” may offend Great Britain and { for the payment of a fair living wage| give rise to a repetition of President to the mine workers based on 2 max-| \vilson's cryptic message: “I shall { Imum_clght-hour day, commensurate| not know how to deal with other with proper and fair Amerlcan stand- | jatters of eveb greater delicacy and ards of living. nearer consequence” Clearly the administration is com- | FOOD DRAETS FNR RUSS. mitted to the policy of “free Panama | Early Establishment of System Ex- tolls for American coastwise vessels.” pected—Soviet Consents. but it is only fair to observe that even the miost loyal American emight Early establishment of a food draft system in Russia, whereby persons in conclude from iuside information that the present is not the most propitious moment. That is, viewing the situa- tion .diplomatically. i The fnancial and economlc phase the. United States might buy “drafts” | of the situation is another problem. to be honored by the Amerlcan Re- Lo Canal is more hen seifisustan lief Administration in supplying food to_relatives or friends in Russfa, of the American buyer, was ‘indicated today by administration officials in noting press_dispatches from Riga ing, or was in 1920 and 1921. What say‘ng that M. Kameneft, head of the amount of revenue may be lost under an “American free toll” program is . Rugsian Famine Relief, had given the consent of the Soviet regime to the uncertain. Obviously it will be quite an amount. On the other hand, such system. Official notification of the soviet as- exemption will be a material assist- sent had not reached Herbert Hoover, ance to American shipping. Tt is ar- gued that “free tolls” for American liead of the Rellef Administration Mr. Hoover recently said the system vessels in the coastwise trade will not affect foreign vessels, since for- would Increase the flow of food sup- plies into Russia and would also en- eign vessels now are excluded from Amerlcan coastwlse trade. However, able purchase of more children's ra- tions, as the drafts would be sold at such a program would tend to reduce & profit-by-the Relief Administration and the surplus used for purchase of ‘suppliess 2 froight _rates from coast to coast, thus affecting transcontinental rail- roads. The promoters of 3 : 1'-'" the problem s 1 pu:,‘h;mAmerlcan and wholly domestic, W] 5. clamor » say: ree toll: the | limited arma-, {zed nation; both looked abroad for | expansicn, and both have Cnnt‘fi|\:ed St iheir safety and future prosperity | | as dependent largely on sea power. | | Has Remnalned Center of Empire. | “But there are differences as well| ias likenesses between these two island | hations. Since she began to grow into | an empire Great Bfitain has resolute- | 'y turned her back on Europe, in €0 {far as territorial acquisitions are | concerned, and has sent her colonists | {into the remote parts of the world. | Japan, on the other hand, has nv-\l quired large blocks of the neighbor- {ng continent, but has expanded some- what in other directions also. Great Britain has become the headquarters of a scattered, distant empire. Japan lias remained so far the center of her empire, with her possessions drawn relatively closely about her. “Though Japan had imperial ambi- tions even in the early centuries, as {indicated by the fact that she once conquered Korea and laid claim in the “ixteenth century to Formosa, and even ihe Philippines, the natioual life, when | Commodore Perry opened_communica- tions with the west in 1854, was con- fined to the three main southern islands of Japan proper and the small slets near their shores. Not until the eventies did _the government begin .evelopment of Yezo, the big island to ae north—the - Japanese Scotland. Soth Russia and Japan claimed Sak- “alin, the fifth and northernmost of the ‘arge is'ands of the Japanese group, ‘nd there were similar double claims .o the_Kurile group, a chain of small Slcanic islande, comparable to_the Aleutians, which stretch from Yezo northeastward to the tio of Kamchat- ka. In 1875 Russia induced Japan to take the Kuriles and reiinquish all claims to Sakhalin. ‘Wars Have Profited Japan. “These cxpansions to the north were of little value, for the cold, bleak aorthern lands have never appealed to Jupanese colonists, - Yeso: is up&rulyl settled, and the Kuriles | | | | have only Japan’s-next . Kares Forth Into Pacific. “As a result of the world war Ja- pan has made further territorial ad- vances tlorth, east, south and west. Her sphere of influence has included eastern Siberin: she has taken over the German lease on Kiaochow. in China, and by receiving a mandato for the three archipelagoes of formoe® German islands in the Pacific north of the equator she has fared th ands of miles eastward into the Paci; “The magnitude of Japan's sent interests in the Pacific can betfer b understood, perhaps. by imagining her island territories transferred. to the more familiar Atlantic and the directions reversed. Thé various groups of Japanese islands would then extend from the Shetland Islands southward along the coasts of Euroba and Africa for 2,700 miles. Formosa would be situated just north of the Cape Verde Islands. The Marianne or Ladrone islands of the mandate would occupy « position near the Agzores; and the hundreds of isiands of the Caroline and Marshall grou (the remaining mandate {slands) would string out acrcas the Atlantic from near the Cape Verdes almost to Cuba. Honolulu, under this transposed geogranphy wou'd ocecunv about the position of Santa Fe, N. M. “As_direct outlets for emigration Jepan's mandac islands, bewause of their restricted area, are of HMttle im- portance. But as bases to facilitate naval operations and trading activi- ties to the south and east they are comparable in importance to wali as bases for the westward actlvities of the United States. Anrd Japan means to make the islands ‘pay for their keep.!’ She is stimulating the systematic planting of cocoanut groves and _her iraders are fasx r - placing foreign goods in the islands with those of Japan. The islands add only a few thousand miles of terri- tory and some 50,000 people to tho Japanese empire. But the scattere! points of lapd ‘fence {a™ approximuts- y -one million square miles of the Pacific.”