Evening Star Newspaper, June 19, 1921, Page 31

. Congress regarding the ‘'WAR POTS IN THE NEAR EAST 'Dramaticand Danéerous Events Inminent. 1, British Arabic Policy May Foil i ~ 'Bolsheviks. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. RAMATIC events are imminent in the near east, particularly in Anatolia, where, under the theoretical leadership of King Constantine, Greclan troops soon will assume their new offensive against the Turkish nationalists under Mustapha Kemal; where magy British warships have béen assembled and where soon, undet British tutelage. elections are to be held by Arabic peo- ples and a home rule established sim- ilar to that long dreamed of and actu- ally promlsed by the allies to obtain Arabic support in their offensive against the Tarks during the course of the world war. The Grecian offensive, fraught as it is with the gravest dangers not only for Greece, bwt allied infiuence. pos- sibly will be more dramatic than the|. establishment of an Arab-ruled em- pire, but both are events extremely periious to Europe and particularly to continued working agreements be- tween the allies Allied prestige through this section of the world is in danxer of being un- dermined by the march-of events. De: velopment of this great sSection and those wherein Mohammedan persua- sion prevails is at stake. But the al- lies have it within their power to deal a tremendous blow to bolshevism and the Lenin government in Moscow if the situation develops in their favor. On the other hand, If events should turn against them. as I have repeat- edly stated in the past two years, the mes o Europe becomes actual and immediate. particularly in view of known plans: of Russo-Turkish co- operation in overrunning the Balkans and the whole of southeastern and eastern Europe. Bolakevik Intereats. c The Grecian offensive naturally must hold the spotlight during the doubtful, period ‘which must prekail for several weeks. The Turks are declared to have a. well organized force of more than 125,000 men. The Greeks have a slightly larger number, and possibly are better munitioned and equipped for a decisive struggle. though this remains in doubt as long as the exact character of aid furnish- ed-to the Kemalists by Russia remains undetermined. That this has been in no small measure is unquestioned. Though Kemal has refused to pledge a bolshevist regime in Turkey, the Russians realize that if they can sur- reptitiously strike at_allied prestige through successful Turkish opera- tions much will have been gained In the general cause of undérmining al- lied political influence. And the un- dermining of allied influence means the nominance of another political force. possibly bolshevist. Kemal may be a tool at the moment. Lenin a Trotsky always have been able to di card dplled tools in the past. There is no reason to believe that once Ke- mal accomplishes desired ends the bolshevists not. threygh long. practiced devilish machinations. ov throw him and make Turke: they will. The fact that the now have a large fleet in striking dis- tance of important ports of Turkey is indicative of the fact that Downing street realizes that the Turks if suc- ) cessful against the Greeks might, with ald of the reds of Rusxia. strike out in _more ambitious end which 1y cap- ture of Constantinople. The British, therefore. are ready for any conti gency. Furthermore, if the tides of battle should go against the Greeks to such a point as to insure Kemal success. with doubtful after results. the British might, by changing thelr announced policy of weutrality in the conflict, lend material assis the Greeks at the crucial time. not only uphold already existent treaty stipulations. but strike the bolshe- viks a deadly blow. At least they will be in position to assist the main- tenance of a Turkish government more in sympathy with allied desires| ir the near' east—a government that will be, ready to co-operate rather sist in the fulfililment of treaty Outcome Ts Doubtfal. There is another situatlon. however, that must be dealt with and there is doubt as to an outcome not embar- rassing to the allies. France and Britain have as yet refused to recog- nize Constantine. Their feeling was manifest in the departure from Smyrna of allied warships rather than salute the incoming monarch who ar- rived there. during the past week. Should the allies not ‘aid the Greeks and should the latter be successful. Constantine declares that the ancient Byzantine empire will bé established and his_throme will be in Constanti- nople. Now the allies have no desire to see such thing accomplished, par- ticularly the British. The allies would control Constantinople and the straits for all time and would not permit them to remain in the hands of any one power unless forced to do so. The British warships on the scene might prevent Constantine from carry- ing out his rather bombastic boasts| bt ittt e e DECLINE IN ILLITERACY. |FOOD DROPS 5 PER CENT. 9.1 Per Cent of Children in School | Washington Record Given for as Against 70.5 in 1910. Comparative figures announced yesterday by the census bu- reau, showed a decline a¥ainst the num- ber of persons in 1910 who were unable to write in seven of the larger cities, a slight increase in-three others, while in two places the percentage remained the same. « The majority of the illiter- ates were colored. Of the 517,974 children, seven to thirteen years of age, in the state in 1 920, 409,754, or 79.1 per cent, were attending school, the bureau announced today. In 1910 the attendance w: .5 per cent. —_—— CONFERENCE ON TARIFF. President Believed to Be Vtxlngl Reciprocal Principle on Congress. |Aim to In his conferences with.members of tarift bill President Harding is understood to be urging that authority to establish | reciprocal tariff arrangements with foreign countries be given to the fed- eral government. = The question of a reciprocal lumber ! clause in the bill has attracted pll‘-] 'vnrd shall he under -the command of ticular attention, but the President is #aid not to have expressed an opinion regarding specific industries, merely urging congressional leaders to build their legislation about the principle tha't foreign trade can be greatly en- couraged by the use of the reciprocal privilege. ———— COOPER CLAIM msmssnlg. The United States Court of Claims has dismissed the petition of L. Vogel- stein & Co., afho sought to recover $424,196 from the government in con- nection with war-time purchases of copper. The complaint claimed :that the governmefit had paid only 23% cents per pound for copper com- mandeered from the fifm, when the market value of the commeodity was about 4 cents higher. * The decision will affect many other similar claims. COL. LEMLY DETACHED. Col. W. B. Lemly, Marine Quarter- mmaster Corps, has been detached from duty at headquarters in this city and wm duty ot ke depos of showing the 1lliteracy in twelve cities in Georgia, BUBBLING of what he wil} do if Greek arms are victorious It more to be believed. however, that the British will prepare ifor the events should defeat of the |Greeks come rather than lay plans to, oppose their desire. . Must,_Strike Blow at Reds. Britain realizes that the bolsheviks must be struck a severe blow for the perpetuation of tish influence ri throughout the Mohammedan regions t. even in India and the’ es Britain knows that Gen. Budeny’ armies are massing in the Caucasu ostensibly for the purpose of over- running all those sections skirting upon India and possibly with the in- tention of rushing Turkish assistance at the critical hour. If it appears that he bolsheviks are about to strike, after heretofore refusing to use¢ their manpower in Anatolia and Turkey | proper for the perpetuation of Kema schemes, the British then may move expeditiously and even go 0. far as to enter into agreemenis with the Greeks, a thing not desired, but one which events may force. Folshevik and Turkish unity of ac- tion is in imminent danger, for Grecian fleets have been permitted ingress to the Black sea and undoubtedly will strive to break up the traffic in mil- itary supplies now going_on between e bolsheviks and the Turks. If the | Kenialists should gain a\vantage the British warships could do much in i assisting the Greeks. Lines of com- { munication would ke too long to long maintain two or three corps of bol- shevik fighting men in Turkey once sea traffic were broken up. If the Greek warships efficiently go about their business, there even is the likelihood of smashing close co-operation be- tween the Turks and reds, with conse- quent disarrangement of plans to strike at the allies throuh southeast- | ern Europe. New Arabic State. I That the near eastern situation is a serious one may be gleaned through action of the British in immedi- t tly setting in motion plans looking toward the surrender of control and the placing of self-government within the hands of the Arabs. The logg- existing feud between France &nd ! England over the future of the Arabs has been sufficient to deter the Brit- ish from taking the action which is now announced. But there never has j been _much doubt that sooner or later the British will perpetuate their influ- ence and keep the pledges that were made to Emir Feisal before the Arabs |el|lered the conflict against Turkey. The present action is designed to ap- distrust, growing apace ease Arab 3 peace conference. The since the Pa the Arabs, inasmuch as they will be permitted to rule over Mesopotamia as they choose. As a matter of fact. to elect a_ruler, handle their own representafive gov- ernment, the British by their action at once win the friendship of these pomad peoples and will be in po: to dictate indirectly events in the new Arab country. Even though the enmity ‘between the Arabs and the French is intense. the former blaming the latter for the failure to establish a great Arab kingdom. the British will be in posi- tion to prevent untoward events—at least check active aggression on the part of the lslamic peoples against continued French control in Syria. In | political prestige the British wHl gain much. Unquestionably they will be lcoked upon as people who keep their word. doubtedly will be impressed. Right at a' time when the bolshevik emis. saries have sought to play upon the purported perfidy of the allies in not keeping their promises to the Arabs the British have announced Arab con. trol. The bolshevik influence will be counteracted if the British plan is car- iried out. and peoples skirting upon Arab regions will - hesitate before abandoning the friendship of a great ower for the fantastical and abor tive theories of Lenin. The action of the British. however, undoubtedly will bring heartburn ings to the French, who have pursued a radically different policy in handling subjects under the Syrian mandate and have sought to implant strictly French customs and modes of pro- cedure in governmental and private aira. The British example will cer- tainly lead to troubles between the French and Syrians. French politi- cal prestige. which started to dawn with the Syrian mandate, will seriously undermimed. * > There has been grave danger in re- cent months that the Arabs would make common cause with the Turks, as threatened. The British move is well timed, coming as it does when the resuits of the Greco-Turkish con- flict are in doubt. At least it will pre- vent a widespread revolutionary con- flagration throughout the whole of the Islamic world and may be the one big thing to frustrate the spread |or bolshevism, so ardently hoped for by Lenin. 3 Some surprising developments are certain to spring from the near east in the immediate future. Politically much is to be gained or lost for ail those nations which have intere =lyll||x in or skirting the Turkish d main. Period April 15 to May 15. Average family expenditure for food in the period from April 15 to May 15 decreased 5 per cent in Washington l::dbeunmem of Labor announced yes- terday. At the same time the Veragi - penditure for food throughout the coun. try dropped 4.8 per cent in the month. The decline from the peak of May, 1919, amounted to 33 per cent In retali food From April 15 to May 15 price of butter declined 24 pes romis Cheese. 16 per cent; sugar, 13 per cen! lard, 9 per cent; pork chops and oleo- margarine, 5 per cent. Smaller reduc- tions were noted for many other com- modities. Onions, cal Increased In prices. D0A8e.and oranges NEW NAVY YARD ORDERS. o g Standardizé Organization to Eliminate Conflicts. An order standardising the orgahi- zation of navy yards and eliminating { conflicts in the industrial management | system now used in most of the yards has been issued at the Navy Depart- ment. It provides that hereafter each a commandant with paramount re- sponsibility and authority, u Whom there shall be & manager for a1y industrial. matters and a captain of the yard to administer military af- fairs. The order provides for a new as- sistant to the Secretary of the Navy to have charge of navy yard matters in the Navy EVANS TRANSFERRED. CAPT. Capt.-Sydney K. Evans, chaplain on the battleship Pennsylvania, has been assigned to duty at the Naval Acad- emy, Annapolis, Md. He will reliev Capt. Bower K. Patrick, Chaplai Corps, who is transferred to the naval base, Hampton Roads, Va. SEVEN OFFICERS RESIGN Seven oficers of the Marine Corps have resigned ,their commissions. They are Capt. W: M. Mcllvain, First Lieuts. F. D. Gibson and E. F. Swett and Second Lieuts..H. D. Barg: H. Titus, E. . and Stephens. epartment. —_— soviet British action will go far in quieting even though the Arabs be permitted as is planned, and.| the course of BY HENRY W. BUNN. (Copyright, 1921, by The Washington Btar.) HE following is & brief summary of news of the world for the seven days ended June 18: ' UPPER SILESIA—Korfanty’s Poles have’ been retiring ‘without resistance before allied detachments, chiefly British; for the French have not yet developed any keen ardor for this work. Horfanty even signed an agree- ment to retire and disarm. But the behavior of Gen. Hoefer, commander of the German defensq force, has put a new face on the situatiop. He will sign no agreement. He is ordered'to make a retiremegt., Névertheless he is allowed o debate the order with the in- terallled commission through long hours. His arguments fail to convince. {t seems that “the, honor of the German’army forbids retreat an: where under any circumstances.” Ir fine, he flatly refuses to budge. He alienates the British. He has perhaps brought about cordial co-operation of 'the British and French, lack of ‘which has been so much deplored; but co-opera- tion directed against the Germans rather than the Poles. f s Paris addressed Berlin, demanding that the German government order Hoefer to fall back; pointing out that the German government, by voluntarily apologizing :for certain outrages perpetrated ‘by Hoefer's men on a French de- tachment, admitted responsibility for Hoefer. Paris requests London and Rome to demand likewise. Will they™ And what will the Ger- man government do? .Some say the German militarists, bent on wrecking the Londan pro- gram, have inspired Hoefer. And the extremists in France are finding in the present phade a ' powerful argument against M. Briand's policy of moderation; sdme are clamoring for im- mediate occupation of the Ruhr basin. So mat- ters'stood Wednesday night, as repdrted by the Thursday press. On Friday morning an omi- nous wmilence. Not a word from Upper Silesia, except a rumor of a bolshevist movement among Korfanty's men; a red army forming. Lloyd George dispatches Lord Curzon to Paris, doubt- less to discuss the Silesian situation as well ‘the not less critical Turkish one. Perhaps at last the supreme council will meet. It is high time, London and Paris are agreed, that British and French politics were harmonized, especially regarding Germany and the near and middle east. 3 + Another day, ‘Varna, thence not now? Constantin it would on the Dobrudja and on These side down. July! ‘British interpretation, berlain, assured the the French reluctance near and middle west. of Constantine, while . another quarter. nd the same weird silence. * ¥ % X GREAT BRITAIN.—The miners have by a 2-to-1 vote rejected the mine owners' proposals; a two-thirds majority being required for con- tinuance of the strike. The proposals rejected, the government's offer of £10,000,000, to ease the fall of wages, lapses. The strike of 500,000 Lancashire cotton oper- atives has been ended by negotiation. The threatened strjke of 1,5000,000 workers in engi- neering trades has been postponed, if not averted. A ballot is to be taken on the employers’' pro- “ 1 have a story to experiment ‘of a home not working smoothly. Never be too sure. come in, asserting that benefits, add to the apprehension of disorders. The government is. drivey to these measures by fell necessity; the treasury’'s Back Is almost broken. s hara, Japanese amba: is, holding conversati | * % % % SOVIET RUSSIA.—If Trotsky has so many troops unemployed as recent reports/of con- interest holding seeds ‘The Mohammedan peoples un- | be |this summer. H. |should- be. encouraged. centrations in Russia indicate, and hasn't big- ger fish to fry, why should he not be using them to recover western Siberia, whch, it dis- patches speak true, has been almost cleared of reds? Meagerness of Information forbids a confident answer to any question concerning Russia. But this may be said concerning the rumors that some of these troops may be. used to ald Mustapha Kemal: Besides the 'Russian troops he may now have or which may be en route from the Caucasus, Mustapha Kemal can vostok and one kaows maritime province Reduction tion. matters, time for his decisive struggle with the Greeks. A large Greek fleet has absolute mastery of the Black sea; it's & long walk from the Caucasus to the Anatolian fighting front. There has been talk, however, of an . across Bulgaria friendly) and eastern Thrace to Constantinople, the goal of the czars. That is no longer feasible, now that the Greek fleet is past the straits. ut, finally, there is the route through Rou- ‘mania and the Roumanian army to the same goal. Can't be done? Perhaps not. But Moscow never acquiesced in the loss of Bessarabia. Some way Bessarabia must be won back. Why If Mustapha Kemal were to smash \starting something in the Balkans. Evenif tife red troops should be stopped at the Pruth,-the Bulganians might be expected té Tise and fall anything might come out of a mess like that. ut elegant speculations suggested by the wild rumors afloat. Probably far-fetched, but anything is possible'in a world turned up- N * %k %k X NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST.—The Greek of- fensive has been postponed until some time in The British government has notified ' Mustapha Kemal that, * Constantinople, he will find himself at war with Britaln. A British brigade has taken over the Ismid front from a Greek division, showing _that the threat is not an empty one. This ac- tion, however, would not'seem, according to the of that strict neutrality which, as Mr. Cham: government has hitherto maintained. But there is good reason for thinking that the British would abandon the attitude of neutrality if the French would do likewise. volves! the ‘entire complicated and unhappy history of recent Franco-British relations in the « “arrived is true, that the Turkish nationalists have attacked the French in Syria as well as in Cilicia, and have seized Aleppo, it'is difficult to believe that the French, despite their hatred nationalists in one quarter (in repudiation of pledges) will longer refuse to lend countenance to Greek operations against the nationalists in 0 Lord Curzon is reported to be in Parls, trying to arrange a common Franco- British policy toward the Angora government, whose insolence exceeds. potamia (the French and the Turks and the Emir Faisal come into it, as well as the British), and another concerning_Palestine, where the to pocket her insults and make peagé, if any- wise possible, with Kemal: Italy ditto; and that e * JAPAN.—Dispatches state that Baron Shide- upon matters in controversy between the two . nations and upon’ other matters of common former sort are the Yap questjon, the immigra- tion question, the question of the Japanese oc- cupations of Shantung in China, of the northern part of the Island of. Saghalien, and of Vladis- the independent Far Eastern Republic). of armamnts’"has not begn mentioned as among the subfects of comvérsa- If the conversatfons result’ in dehijite agreements upon®the subjécts in controversy and satisfactory understandings upon the other an’ agreement to reduce armaments THE STORY THE WEEK HAS TOLD hardly expect succor in men from Mgscow in ) should readily folfow. 1f such agreements and understandings do not result, talk of reduction on -armaments would, many will doubtless be thinking, expedition via sea to (supposed lovely be a perfect time for specting eastern Thrace. Almost “1s selfish corpses, should be taken on this important 1l see tre- 3 matter. immediate future peobably-mi in| 8 said. win be favorable to foréign 5 mendous activities, and the results will | Jo o) o0e fon &) The Parasian dressmakers have started a |y coro th Bl i the magnituded o e g if he tried fo make Can we of news; to imply abandonment commons, the British The explanation of other. PXP] is a long story and in- But If the report just the being -attacked by the occupled tell concerning Meso- The t for the Jewish race is on June Angther day. Here is a report, just - France is still resolved Rt e Britain, left alone, inclines to yield and give help the The proposals to repeal the agricultural.act 'I¢ COUP de Erace to the treaty of Sevres. This (which subsidizes agrieulture guarantesins 25t0unding repoxt calls for confirmagion. with a minimum wages) and to reduce unemployment * * ¥ *x more tha: dor to the United States with Secretary Hughes of controversy. Of the of liquor Astraea, ference, tion. the theory of Tittlebats. 2 * k * X > MISCELLANEOUS.—The heading of “mis- herself with her flabella, whiie the hairdresser with curling irons and pomade prepares her elous coiffure. Of much the same sort is the world today, and” will be tomorrow. The hearse drivers of Paris have refused 1o wear any longer-their immemoria} livery. of the population of Paris, of the ‘prospective campaign for long skirts. successful. others this may not appear.an important item sunshade the size of a dinner plate. as one can imagine it ‘wielded, its effect should be devastating. Crown Prince Hirohito of Japan, France, has made a great hit; so much so that a rapproachement between France and Japan is’ talked of. Both have courtesy, elegance, an art to * living. 1In a crude world they should keep each othet 1n countenance. The crisis in Austria continues. can be found which will undertake to suppress "clamor cabinet which cannot do this can do busigess with the allles. The pessimists predict the upshot will be: Jugoslavia will seize Carin- thia, Hungary will hold on to west Hungary, which, by the treaty of Trianon, goes to Austria, ‘but has never been surned over), Czechoslovakia will take a slice; and what remains will be ‘The Portarosa conference to discuss the sad economic plight of Austria, Hungary and the succession states, and to formulate remedial measures therefor, which was to meet on April 30, has been postponed to July 2. Quick about it, friends. It is said that .unemployment still Increases there, owing chiefly to lack of capital and consequent workmen do not abate their demands. restriction on emigration to America does not turing country, desperately overpopulated and of the'war. * No news of importance this week concerning the situation in the maritime province of the Far Eastern Republic (Vladivostok, etc.) British Columbla is no longer bone-dry. referendum the people have voted for the sale ‘The boot-leggers mourn. heavy deficits. The House packers bill has passed both the ‘House and Sel “appropriation bills and the Porter peace resolu- EAGER TO be less ‘profitable than discussion of ‘cellaneous” will doubtless seem appropriate for A ° C . g What follows.. It is indeed a miscellany, but so merican Countries. Sacat is the world. Rome burns; Nero fiddles: in = | = Armenia and Britain the leglons advance their Y BN NRGERRE T, - uae eagles; In the catacombs the Christians pra; 1 = du:inmwa 0“~pmd“c_ ph',J. N aNhiclican be solved onl.yab' and (not least important, at least to the women diminished ol produ¢” | & British company owns conces- concerned, and perhaps to the philosopher) in ::’: :A:m m:du ‘m‘ ““8' oo | sions in Costa Rica covering ;lnprox}. o rts cl ely one-half of the repul a vilia at Terracina a Roman girl discussgs with orations dnalcare ths nearly exhausted—with Greek slave the latest fashions, in- silks (violet, mallow, crpcus), fanning | cign interests—are two recem'ly de- veloped factors which point to.a merry scramble in the mext few years for right to exploit the petroleum re- sources of Central and South America. This American, British and European and-unworthy of them. A plebiscite It promises to be Thank God, but is it not too late? | : jes already operating in the illusion? To | !Ne companies pe new territofy. sl There are now strong indications that the_production of Venezuela and Co- lombia, with possibilities in Brazil, Peru and Central America, may be greater in quantity and superior in quality to that of Mexico, according 1o a recent state- ever recover the lost to me it does. One hears also of a Wielded There Is once more a French ambassador |ment prepared for the bureau of mines at the Vatican; f: i 3 by J. W. Thompson, law examiner of e ' ot aetiof sieneayns buri The oil markets of the west- yisiting t of South America are con- »veniently situated to benefit by the Panama Canal, which brings them into direct ocean shipment with the Atlantic coast of the United States and with European countries. % x % A study of the oil situation in South and Central America reveals a gen- crous attitude on the part of the ma- Jority of the republics toward foreign exploitation of the petroleum resources. It also shows that American concerns have steadily increasing European com- petition to secure land. It is an open, free-for-all race, with the best man to win. Petroleum has been known o exist in Argentine since 1886, and there are now four distinct petroleum zones in that country. The estimated production is about 1,000,000 barrels per year, though irecent official statements place it at 4,000 tons per week. While the go ernment seems to own the oil, it is dis- posed to grant private interests the right to participate in the development of the flelds. British and American in- terests are active in Argentina. The first company for the exploit: tion of petroleum deposits was form- ,ed in Bolivia in 1910, where oil was discovered tgventy-five years ago. Con- cessions of more than 6,000,000 acres have been granted to American and i British interests, the power to con- } tract for exploitation being left with the president. American _ geologists and engineers are now in the interior making studies in the geologjcal structures. Brazil has thirty-five oil flelds in * | operation now with an estimated pro- ducing power in the last ten years of from 500,000.000 to 600,000,000 barrel Residents or foreigners living in Brazil or any legally constituted cor- poration may operate’in Brazil under license granted on application from the government While there are nd known petroleum deposits in Chile, there have been in- dications of oil. and a British en- The two peoples should like each No cabinet No for union with Germany. hat by allied troops. wenty-sixth Itallan parliament opened 12. We get too little news from Italy. lack of raw materials. Yet the ‘The situation. The new Italy, a manufac- positively terrific birthrate, suffers n most countries from the after-effects on in sealed packages by the government. Obregon will not budge: stands on the £ i dignity of Mexico. Recognition first, after- ;‘,;',‘"5,;“‘;..’;;:’..“,".,‘,’":,,'{:.‘.‘,’“,‘.‘:.‘.‘,‘.‘ net' what more of ‘the ward, as it may fall out, gyarantees or not. which bear these indications. All per- (part of the territory of Chile, Switzerland, most countries, face |Sons are free to prospect and open 1ands in Chile under a license obtain- ed from the owner. 5 Although petroleum has been known to exist for more than 190 years in Colombia. prospecting has been re- tarded through the ' government's jealous attitude toward foreign de- velopment. In December, 1918, a new law was passed, however. intended to encourage foreign capital. Ecuador's geological structures are Has solvence, like the Goddess fle® the earth? te and is expected to go to con- where also are the Army and Navy " ARMY AND NAVY NEWS considered favorable for cheap oil production, and an English syndica now has a concession for testing three || Army Chief of Staff to Be !l Retiréd From Active Duty | foyirate Jocalitice. The toral annuai e production of oil in Ecuador now. is | e approximately 40,000 barre The | # petroleum laws are considered un- laws which _govern on 11 > no admission fee will be charged in Physical training will occupy prominent part in the program of the citizens’ military traiping camp which will be held at Camp Meade Business Interests Urge Training. The schedule - will be| Recalling the fact that in 1916 com- duty | mercial establishments allowed a reat military duty | S Cble number of their employes to conflict with local laws. arranged so that all will generally be completed in the ‘morning, leaving the free for athletics and games. under) the supervision of officers specially trained to direct such activities. Camp Meade has one of the finest athletic fields and running’ tracks in the country, with a clubhouse L attend " training camps without loss afternoons|of salary or prejudice to their pro- motion, Secretary of War Weeks, in a letter to the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, has expressed the hope that a similar attitude be taken toward the citizens' military training camps to be established this summer. In response to his letter the Chamber of Commerce, through ita organ of information, has directed the complotely cquipped with baths and g for 0 0rbusinces men throughout all the training facilities enjoyed b |the country to the purpose of the new ! d the big league|training camps and has expressed its Soleg e i hluba. Several good base|Wlillingness to co-operate with the ball flehls will be available. War Department in securing adequate spirit of competition will be phr- |attendance at these vamps. ticularly encoura: Those who have developed athletic ability in school. or jn other ‘flelds of athletic sports will be allowed to compete as representatives of their platoons, companies and battalions in formal contests. The man who has no spe- cial _ athletic ability will not be neglected. Games in which the entire personnel will take part, as well as the more highly specialized team sports, will form part of the dally life of every young man in camp. Forty cooks and bakers are now undergoing a special course of train- ing _to specially fit them for their dutis in providing twelve hundréd citizens in training with a special mess, so that these students. will realize the soldier's dream of “all straight soldiering and no K. P Work has begun in putting in first- class condition the barracks to be occupied by the students. Dental Surgeens for R. O. T. Camps. Four officers previously retired from active duty in the Dental Corps of the Army have been called into active service to prepare themselves as in- structors in R. O. T. C. dental umits. ‘They have been detailed to attend the Army Medical Field Service School at Cralisle, Pa., Wheré they will takg the course in fleld work, after which the normal school course will m: ered to fit them for teaching. It is ald this is the first case in history of retired dental officers being called into active service. - 5 They all have signaled their desire to undertake the work, expressing the belief that their physical conditions will not hinder them in teaching, and their opinion has been substantiated fter rigid physical examination by an Army medical officer. Upon com- pletion of their-course of instruction al rlisle they wi assigned to arrangements ive been made {3|class A" dental school: m‘ln‘-nlnlnlng provide recreatin so that no one willig "o T. C. dental units and will, ‘as- be obliged to Seck amusements out-|gume the duties of professors of sidle the camp. Chaplains of all the|tary sclence and tactics, being at- principal religious denominations will | tached as such to the regular faculty be present to conduct services and of the schools. give advice to the younger students.| There are n| The club_at Camp Meade provides|schools in- the country. Ten were se- comfortable lounging and reading |lected last year According to. their rooms, and a cafeteria in connection, [ gcographical location. The remaining and, with a’six-night, high-class movie | nine recently have been invited to program and a professional wuklylwrfldule in R..O. T. cteen class A dental . C. work, and road show performance, dull care will |dental officers as instructors for be chased away. schools that later accept the invita- s | tion will be provided from among the Conduct of Army Athletics. Regular Army dental officers, Provisional regulations for the con- duct of special sports, including b ball, basket ball, boxing and wres-| Camp Humphreys, Va, has been au- ling, have been completed by the War | thorized by the War Department: for Department, effective July 1, 1921. The ,fleld training of the District of Columbia policy will encourage the participa- | National Guard, between July 17 and 23. tion of individual members of the: In the division and assigniment of re- Army in local meets, conducted by! civilian agencies. Athletics within ‘"g; officers into groups .the Secretary the Army will be solely for the plea- | Of War directs that hereafter the abbre- sure and the physical, moral and so-: Y. ‘l*"" .or tel;erll assignment group, cial benefits to be derived. Py e i e a0 tatiitonial Men who either engage in athletic:jows: G A_""“r'g“, oickted an (01, events for which money prizes areim A group. , B. p offored, or who compete within the ! Army with profeasionals, both in ]lnal A recent memorandum indicates that of duty and in accord with Army or- the War Department desires to strictly ders, will not be classed rofes- ! limit chemical warfare activities to re- sionals. Prizes will be such as com- | search, development and training at the manders directing the meet may au-[one authorized school, and that no gen- For annual competition and [eral training of combatant troops, dem- Passing Notes. o thorize. tleship; that each plane can carry all higher ‘events, it is the desire of jonstrations of gas warfare or genmeral ) " Ve sufcient power to spnk the War Department to inaugurate a |dissemination of instruction in that 3 . system of medals along the general hunchd'-fl,na is desired. . ,b-ttleshlp. and that the airplane re: lines authorized for corps area rifie competition. The expenses of local athletic contests will be met from lo- cal education and recreation funds. which may be supplemented at times by funds made available by higher authority. & It is pointed out that boxing as an uthletic exercise and not %s a sport, “Army posts| ill comply | and ter-' ‘The_di: or of sales announces that July 27 been selected as thc date for the auction sale of the government- owned bulldings and improvements at Camp Joseph E. Johnston, Jacksonville, Fla., which will be conducted under the supervision of the real estate division, construction ‘service, office of the quar- termaster general. Rolding" boxing contests 'with loosl ordinances or Lo Wi Dobtn-l ar o military reservations, and |necticut avenue northwest, which of- et 578 i1 Depart- % all cascs where such practice is not in | ment for this'purposs, will be re- moved from its present location and established at the soith end of the first wing of tite Munitions building. fices were leased by the truction for Supply Officers. Special schools will be installed the quartermaster general Army to ad ce the knowledge officers and ¢ of supply. specializing in subsistence, of the . | isted men of the Quar- termaster Corps along technical lines For a year or more there kas been such an institution at Chi- cago for the benefit of those whosare where | favorable for foreign investment. —————+—————————— ritorial such leased sites for War Department ac- = THE ARMY | |meets. sunday base ball when no ad. ! tivities in Wainington, e astry Ay | mission fee is charged will be allowed | dispensary, now located at 1106 Con Peru’'s estimated production of oil in was 2,500,000 barrels. British jcapitalists have obtained concessions covering 12.000.000 acres. There have nown claims located and oll-bearing territory in addition has been granted. Peru has no specially adapted petroleum mining code, al- though a new bill has been passed by the senate and may become a law at_the next congress. Venezue]a encourages foreign capi- tal to acquire petroleum concessions and desires contracts with responsible jcompanies. Both English and Amer- 1 {ican companies are active. The 1 | k] | estimated vearly production was 42 000 barrels. The principal difficulty in obt by of ining Venezuelan oil is transpo: during the ,present course there are some six officers and four or five cnlisted men under instruction. has now been arranged to conduct Boston a schogl for t of shoes, that place being the base Ingpection of such material Philadelphia, where there is a quar- service school. there termaster genera will also be established a achool textiles, fabrics and clothing. Jeftersonville, Ind., will be -conducted the school in animal-drawn vehicles, harncss, pack equipment. cooking and The various schools at the places named find a natural location there, for the reason that each is the address of an intermediate depot of the Quarter- master Corps and the base of inspec- tors in the classes of material desig- baking equipment and hardware. nated, . e manufacture bombs can do. and statements have been made that if the bomb- weré destructive when laid on the deck it would be much more so if dropped an airplane. naval officers say, is erro- neous: that the destructiveness of T.N. T. unconfined has a certain potential X " actuality which is not increased by MAJ. GEN. PEYTON C. MARCH, |the mere dropping of the T. N. Who will be succeeded an chigf of stasr | {Tom a height. Their belief is that of the Army by Pershing July 1,]il i8 necessary for the projectile to d will be retired from nctive merv- |Piercé the armor of the ship and ex- ice November 1. plode inside of her hull claim cannot be done by thin-walled aerial bombs subject only to the im Granted that 1.000 planes can be|pulse of gravity. There must be a built for $45.000.000. which. on ac- |celeration beyond the force of grav- count of the diversified tvpes re- |ity to cause the shell to pierce armor quired by a complete naval air force, jafd the shell must be of the armor- scems hardly possible. inasmuch as piercing variety: consequently the theé larger type of planes cost con-|weight of the shell will reduce the siderably more than $45,000 cach. in- |amount of T. N. T. which it may con- It at| of At in At I NATIONAL GUARD cluding their equipment, it should be i the destructive borne in mind that the life of a plane :?.',"l.'c',',’.}ln" e anessier °I in service is approximatcly two years; | Naval officials advocate tiie publica. by the Secretary of War governi the organization of state staff corps and department units and grades officers of the ®atio pointed therein. has been unable to distribute all the articles of the new National Guard regulations as they are ap proved by the Secretary of War, ow. ing to lack of clerical assistance. Brig. Gen. J. McL. Carter, chief militia bureau, states lished, in making appointments state staff corps _an National Guard officials sult the militia Bureau - first, the provisions of the regulations,, —o New regulations have been approved Guard ap. The militia bureau that hereafter, until the new regulations, are pub- departments, should con- to. de- termine whether federal recognition can be extended in acéordapce with < thus, the entire cost of the planes|{{6n only of the actual facts. Erro- must be again spent each succéeding |neous comparisons which bring "5..: ng | two years. or twelve and one-half = ) L O only one side of the argument do not times during the life of a battleship: | help the cause of aeronautics, and do and inasmuch as not less than 50 per | more harm (han £00d cent, on the average, of the first cost i of 2 plane is reuired to keep it in| Ofilals to Witness Bombing Tests. commission for 0 yea e total t Denby addressed an in- Seara would b ¥843.150.000, or $03e vitation 1o the $louse and Senate 34;%0\\3:1; o aat éx‘x'-'-n'osnifi"'r $33,- tnaval and appropriations committee b in commission twelve. battl |lo_witness the forthcoming bombing hi * th . dnyCive battle- i ests conducted under the supervision heretore the oinim S ofibtie "1 fof the Navy. He also asked the com- TS WhO | mittee's advice as to the propriety, in | 3 1 . lere authority on naval aviation that: % CfCe W ountry's fihances, of in- of of of the comparison of cost betwee battieship and 1000 airplanca is ef |Viting _representative _citizens and foneoaniand misicading. members of the press. furnishing Furthermore, In the matter of per. |{ransportation and facilities for at- sonnel, naval officers do mot apres |tending the bombin® exercises. These with the printed statements. A bat- ests begin June 21. with the attack tleship such as contemplated would [o0 @ German U-boat, followed in July have to have a crew of 1.500 officers | DY attacks on the German destroyers, and men, Instead of $00. a8 Nemcirs |and finishing with the attack on the fore stated by critics of the Navw:|crulser Frankfurt and the battleship while in the case of the airplanes, |OSt{riesland July 18 and 20. It is for every man in the air there is|Proposed to have the Navy transport Henderson placed at the disposal of in {7 THE Nawy have been appearing -in the a larger percentage of explosive th. armor:piercing shells- of the size. {quires,a personnel of only &wo or|aircraft carrying a bomb sufficiently three men, whereas the battleship re-|large to destroy a battleship, it is quires 800.or more. In the first place, of battleships is ate; but granting t sum and that such co battleship could be used'for the first ine for u period of fifteen yeass and ears, at a he second line for ten 5 “nln"t ::ho 25 a{.m. 0, the a bat r twenty-five £';... e $H0.000,000, or 15,8004 .Naval officers point out_that there press, with increasing frequency, errbneous tatements respecting the cost of bat- tleships as' compared with alrcraft, also the destfuctiveness of aerial bombs, because such bombs contain same The ‘statements most frequent- ly made with respect to costs arejcanceled by docks and navy yards that 1,000 airplanes can be constructed : required for the repair of battleships. for the cost of one present-day bat-| That, they claim, brings the case resent-day cost | this can be done at the present day. ess than. $45,000,000. | Bombs, they say, have not been de- e T amately twenly o0 |the guests, and to provide transpor- the ground. On this basis twelv. battleships would require 15,000 of. |tation from Washington via a Navy destroyer. ficers and men. and 1,000 airplanes, ofi the basis of one man in the plane and twenty on the ground. would require 21,000 personnel. It is-the belief of Navy officials that the per- sonnel of the two would about cancel each other in cost. inasmuch as high- }1y skilled mechanics are required on an | battleships and aircraft alike. In the case of landing fieldsand hangars for- 1.000 aircraft. the expense is ! \ Novel Delivery by Plane. Delivering a motor part weighing over ninety pounds by airplane to a subchaser which broken down at Aux Caves, Haifl, is the novel feat reported in Marine Corps circles. The motor part was boxed and securely fastened in canvas. Then thirty feet of wire cable was attached, and to the end of the cable a five-gallon empty ofl can was fastened. The plane first dropped a. measage on the subchaser stating_how the package would be dropped with attached buoy bl oft shore. worked perfectly, th ing in about ten foet buoy_marking the spot. which otherwise could not have been made ashore on account of impassable roads due to _ex took a|down to a comparison of material a | cost. Regarding ‘the statement of each not the opinion of naval officers that veloped. to such an extent that they are armor-piercing. The experiments orf the U. S. §. Indiana with a large bomb _ filled ‘with T. N. T.' which was exploded on ler. deck, causingl oo, congiderable. damage o her pid-style ‘works, has been 8o they | Provisi ,' 8 an {llustration, of -§ summer, he a time from Port au Prince. catention Over Summer Scheols. jon A £ ‘NEW OIL TERRITORY American Interests Compete With Eg;:- pean Rivals in South and Centralifl the possible exception of those held by lor-. oi operators already are jockeying for ad- vantage in the southern fleld, but the of the undertakings and the prestige o(l t | T.|the bureau of navigation. which they | o cessive rains, three hours and thirty minutes flying | get; Mmmfl-wm i 5 EXPLOIT iesu - petroleum. v There is every indication there will be large oil development In vador. The state, with few ex tions, owns all deposits ‘ American and British interas have been exploring in Guatemala re- cently, where petroleum is known to exist, ‘although there are no produc- ing wells. While there has been no oil legislation passed in Guatemals a bill_has been framed for the mex! meeting of the legislature, which, 4t Nicaragua, Honduras and Salvader eare understood 1o be planning &t establishment of a “sanitary statiog” on an island in the Guif of Fonséca. The station Wwill contain eqipment and personnel for the study of sani-, tation. The . Rockefeller sanitary mission to Honduras recently -met members of the Honduran bureau of sanitation in Amapala, and plans were made for a fighy against yellow fever. Recent offidial advices fre# Honduras deny news reports of Teva- lutionary activities in the republic. * % ¥ ¥ . i . Because of “eITOnenus news re- ¢eived in Chile concerning commeénts in the United States” on the anoga) message to congress of Presideat Alessandri_of Chile. a correct version of the prkident's message has best cabled and received by the Chilegn embassy here. The most important feature of the message is that Presi- dent Alessirdri makes assurances that Chile has never opposed fulfil}- ment of the Ancon treaty between Chile and Peru, and that he is an%- ious that the terms of the treaty which provide for plebiscite the Tacna-Arica territories be car- ried out. The president denies that a conference was ever sought be- tween Colombia, Peru. Chile an Fcuador for the settiement of - tise. old_dispute. . 'he president expresses the hope that the policy pursued in the mef- tlement of boundary disputes South America will be for' the go of the southern continent. despie the dificulties which must be met.x * x £ x President Harding last week -ag- sured a delegation which called op ° him in the interest of the Pan-Px cific Union that he would like notls ing better ‘than to be able to yisit Hawall in 1922, and to attend a series of conferences on important mattess to be held there under the auspices of the union. The delegation con- sisted of the newly appointed Go¥- erncr of Haw Wallace R. Farring- ton, and Alexander Hume Ford, retary-director of the Pan- Tnion. The Pan-Pacific Union $n- cludes in its membership all’ the countries bordering on the Pacific * % % x The question of = “dry_law” for Guatemala, legislation regdrding ex- ploitation of ol fields in that count¥v and reform of the monetary system 1o a gold standard basis are three im- portant matters to come before the extraordinary session of the Guste- maian national assembly, which hag just convened. While the sentiment in Guatemafa is said to be too strong against toted prohibition, as provided in the bill _ now before the congress, it is believed that a “dry” law with modificatioms will be passed at this seseion. It prob~ ably will prohibit the manufacture, introduction and sale of strong in- toxicants, but will permit the sale of light wines and beer. IR = Appoimtment- of three commerci agents to represent Venezuelan trade has _been announced from New York by Dr. Esteban Gil-Borges, secretass of foreigh relations of Venezuela, whe came to the United States to take part in _the unveiling of the statue-or Simon Bolivar, in New York. Dr. Gip Borges has left for Venezuela. Dr. Guillermo Todd will be stationéd in New York and Dr. E. Arrovo ba- meda in Boston. Another agent will be sent to Chicago. The agents aresadditions to the regular Venezuelan ‘consular services | and the will work under the recently | created bureau of commercial policy - of the Venceuelan ministry of foreigh relations. The agents will seek oui- | lets for Venezuelan products in the TUnited States and strive to inte American exporters in Venezuelah markets. = ‘Agents also will be sent by Ventt zuela to England, France, Spain, Italy and Switzerland. i stations. Great Lakes, agd naval ope erating base, Hampton roads, has beeg \ added to the naval bil] as a Sel amendment, but its passage is by a® means assured, it being one of | points of contention in conference: In the event that this provision #é mains in the bill, recruiting officegs will receive detailed instruction from * ey poh st imoric [ MARINE CORPS Maj. Gen. Lejeune, commandant, will dress the graduating class at Virginia Military Inshitute next Wed nesday. Fifty non-commissioned officers ac to receive instruction at the Ma Corps Institute and will take the ewe amination for permanent cl)mmlwnw before the officers serving temporari! in the reserve at Quantico, Va., are examined. iqral a A board of officers will examine offiy cer candidates from the mili Schools and colleges, and a certificat® of their physical fitness will furniph credentials _for their acceptance. ‘About 150 officers will be required to fill vacancies existing in the cogps next January. ; A recent announcement made b{fi commandant will enable gradunts distinguished military schools ~and colleges who pass the required ex- amination to be given an opportunéty , to sBcure commissions as second ligu- tenants in the Marine Corps Reserve. While on duty in the reserve at Qu‘m« tico, Va.. these temporary officers instruction and trainifh pending their examination next cember for permanent commissions s the corps. ' and b FIELD OFFICERS’ NEW POSTS| . Four fleld officers at Camp Bennin Ga., have been assigned to ou-erakt ties and stations, as follows: Gob Frederick B. Shaw, to the 37th Inf: » try at Fort Wayne, Mich.; Col. En i bert G. Ovenshine, to the 36th Infas * - |n—y. at Fort Wayne, Mi Col. . A. Martin, to the 19th Infantry, o Camp Sherman. Ohio, and Col. Tho: \ M. Anderson, jr.. to the 26th Infantm at Camp Di J. swt prad GOES TO CAMP HOLABIRD, .. Lieut. Coi. JamessW. Furlow, (ll‘P try, has been relieved from detail the general staff and duty in lhll!fl’ and ordered to take the special motag— mechanics’ course at the Motor - “Transport School at Camp Hollb‘l'& Md. i ORDERED HERE FOR DUTY.~* Capt. John S Carpenter has beei ;. ched from the third naval distries. and ordered to this city for duty im 54 F-he bureau of supplies and accou ' % nt vy’ Department. and also in chd A e