Evening Star Newspaper, June 12, 1921, Page 33

GERMANY’S ACTIONS PROMOTE GOOD WILL Great Tension Which Has Been Existent in Europe Grow: Begins to Meet Obligations. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. ERMANY has paid the first $10000,000 of the twenty treasury notes calling for like amounts in settlement of part of her reparations account by August 1. And in addition, the third of Whatare regarded most important stip- ulations of the entente, the disarming of all military forces by June 30, is well under way, with every likeli- hood of all obligations being met. Germany, in other words, is settling down to her herculean task of pay- ing the sum levied by allied nations. Non-fulfillment of her pledges means the infliction of greater penalties Whether it is the allied threat of further use of military force and threatened seizure of more German territories, or a plain desire on the part of the government of Chancellor Wirth to do the just thing and de- sire to convince the world Germany has repented and wishes to prove her good faith are questions natu- rally moot, but that Germany has started out on the long trail with a show of willingness is the big vital factor at the moment. Skould Germany's fulfillment of all her obligations be not necessary, the allied governments today would be pleased. as they naturaily are, for in placing the burden squarely on her back and through avoidance of further dilatory tactics and official quibbling thereby striving to fustrate allied will Germany begins recon- struction processes that must natu- rally redound to the economic ad- vance of Europe. German Industry Feared. Germany has gone about her re- construction processes by developing her industries. Germany will pay through hard work and the develop- ment of her industrial and economic strength to the nth power. Germany, as before the war, now is feared, economically speaking. Even though the allies are to receive reparations hitherto unknown in_the history of the world, there are misgivings both in Paris and London as to the strength of Germany at the time ‘when indemnities are fully paid. Ger- many undouBtedly will go on in her development, through force of habit, in producing as she is expected to produce during the indemnity paying period. But still the allies realize that a greater industrial advance means a prosperous Europe, and a prosperous Europe means prosperous individual nations. And even though s Less as Berlin times, will largely depend upon events of the next few weeks. If the pres- ent chancellor can crystallize his plans s0 that they are workable and can convince antagonistic elements that talk of opposing the allles must cease, and then enter the reichstag on its reconvening with a working majority, then there is little doubt that Germany’s pledges will be fulfilled. If Chancellor Wirth falls, then the allies will be forced to deal with a new government, and this may prove de- cidedly embarrassing, particularly if jingo elements should dominate and Tesistance to the treaty and supreme council dictates once more be set in motion. It might be stated, how- ever, that this also would be embar- assing to Germany—so embarassing, in fact, that the antagonistic elements would be ousted by the German peo- ple themselves. The people, it is de- clared, are becoming more and more imbued with the idea that further dilatory methods are futile and that Germany can pay if she will; thus she should do so at the earliest pos- sible moment and get the business over with. Spirit of Amity Greater. One ot the most significant things !in connection with Germany's show of good faith is the spirit of amity which grows with the days. The repa- irations commisision. which has been hard as steel in its demands upon Germany, thanks Germany for its show of willingness to abide by ap- plied dictates: Germany talks of rap- prochement with France for common icommercial and economic advantage; Britain lays plans to broaden her trade with the Teutons, and vice versa. Though it will be many moons before France agrees to a straight out-and-out rapprochemest with the ! Germans. particularly not until Berlin has further demonstrated her desire to settle just accounts, it is ne\‘_&rlhe- less a fact that French industrialists and capitalists already are discussing what France may gain by the union of the resources of France with the industrial power of Germany. The feeling is general, however, that Ger- many must go farther than she al- ready has gone before the French government can trust itself to act ith the Germans without this work- ing to the complete disinterest of France. It is noticeable also that while the tension is lessening between former enemies, the bitterness which has grown up between France and Eng- land also has been fading. In fact, so marked is the general show of good will that a straight out-and-out Franco-British alliance is now being there may exist a "dog In the Man-{jocusged in both Paris and London. ger” attitude on the part of some European statesmen, that the people, as a whole, will wel- come relief from the long. trying strain, the privations, suffering and grief incident to events since the war broke out in 1914, even though this relief mean the restoration of 2 nation which was instrumental in bringing it all about. True it is Germany has started upon the right path, and Chancellor Wirth may mean what he said when he agreed to the latest allied stipula- tions. but much water yet must flow under the bridge before the allies will feel safe that Germany can and will pay. The tenure of the Wirth gov- ernment is declared a matter of con- jecture. The centrists, composed of the moneyed interests of Germany, are said to fear the tremendous taxation burdens that Chancellor Wirth—he of socialistic tendencies—may strive to levy in order to reduce German ob- ligations to the world. The inde- pendent and majority socialists are declared more or less in doubt as to just what attitude they will take to- ward any coalition government, upon which will devolve the task of carry- ing out stipulations in accordance with the treaty of Versailles and the allied supreme council. Policies to Be Framed. The various leading parties of Ger- many will within the course of the next few weeks. volve their policies. Chancellar Wirth, having secured recess for the reichstag over the sum- mer season. is expected to perfect methods by which Germany may pay. These plans undoubtedly will be pre- sented to various party leaders if they do not become known to the party conventions which will formulate fu- ture courses in the reichstag. Chan- cellor Wirth's tenure, depending as it does on the good will of one or an- other faction. the coalition majority being not sufficient to insure uphold- ing of governumental policies at all SCHOOLS FIND GOST OF BOOKS S HIGHER Increase Over Last Year to Result in Retaining Many Which Are Unfit. Because the prices of textbooks have increased from 10 to 25 per cent over last year, school officials are oconfronted with a perplexing situa- tion which is expected to result in a eonsiderable reduction in the number of school books that will be ordered for use in the public schools at the beginning of the new term in Sep- tember. The appropriation for school text- books will be inadequate for the pur- chase of as large a number as last year, when the supply was limited on account of high prices and an in- sufficient appropriation. When school authorities tackled the work of estimating the amount .of supplies that can be bought for the $100,000 appropriated by Congress the inception of the new fiscal year, beginning July 1. they ascertained that the cost books is much higher than last year. The cost of the books last year was 25 to 35 per cent higher than in 1919, High Cost Unexplained. Reasons for the increased cost of the books this year officials of the schocls are unable to give. that the publishers claim that the recent strike of the printers forced them to raise the price of books. On the other hand, officials say the cost of paper has decreased. One of the results of the high cost of the books. it was explained, will be that a large number of dirty, wornout ones will be placed in the hands of school children next fall than hereto- fore. These old books officials are de- sirous of condemning as unfit for use, but will be precluded from doing so because the money allotted for school supplies is insufficient. ‘Want Bigger Appropriation. This condition led school authori- ties again to emphasize the need for a larger appropriation for school sup- plies. Ome official cited that $130,000 was asked for supplies in the iast District appropriations bill, but this amount was cut to $100,000 in Con- gress. ‘We really need $130,000 for supplies this year,” he said, “in order to get rid of text books that are unfit for_ us Virtually all other school supplies, which include pens, scissors, maps, penholders, pen points, ink, erasers, chalk and pencils, with the exception of paper, it is estimated. will cost the same this year as last. Paper i 30 to 50 per cent cheaper. for use a it is believed | But this likewise faces many obstacles before it is realized, for advanced thinkers are pointing out that it can achieve no good purpose for either nation if by such alliance there should be a weakening of ties with America, something which neither desires. V. S. Must Be Considered. ‘With a commitment to help each other in the furtherance of their col- lective and individual desires. former premier Viviani has pointedly re- marked, they cannot help but tread upon the toes of other nations. and possibly the _United States which would tend to undermine France's most cherished possession, the friend- ship of this country. England like- wise sees dangers, but England also realizes that if there is a_ break- down in the relationships -between the two greatest European allies many of the advantages gained through co-operation through four years of war and after will be lost. These advantages are real. Those to be gained are hypothetical. Furthe: more, as some statesmen of both, n: tions point out. Europe should have learned her lesson by the breakdown of old alliances, which brought on the world's bloodiest struggle, and steer clear of any agreements that do not involve the co-operation of all na- tions. particularly the United States. With the knowledge that the league of nations in its present form is far| from satisfactory in binding the THE, SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., JUNE 12, 1921_PART 2. BY HENRY W. BUNN. (Copyright, 1921, by The Washiigton Star.) HE following is & brief summary of the news of the world for the seven days ended June 11: UPPER SILESIA—Last Sunday the interallied commission ordered Gen. Hoefer, commander of the German defense force, to withdraw his troops from certain territory won from the Poles. To which Hoefer replied that he neither could, nor, supposing he could, would comply with the order. But, reasoned with by the British commander, he promised the latter not to advance farther unless the Poles should attack. The German government protested to London and Paris against the order; a protest which one might have expected the French to take in high dudgeon, seeing that the order was issued in the interest of pacification, and that the German government had normally ex- pressed its disapproval of aggressive action by the defense force (composed mostly, as all the world knows, of volunteers from over the border). . - But the French are taking the situation quite coolly and humorously; they did not get at all excited over Hoefer's impudence, and merely smiled at the protest, which betrayed the inevitable sympathetic interest felt by the German government in Hoefer's cause. Having dispatched the naive protest, Berlin promised to telegraph Hoefer, “directing” him to obey and withdraw. £ Reports assert that through the various measures of the newly arrived British a neutral zone has been definitely established, the Poles retiring peaceably before the British. 1t remains to be seen whether the Poles or Germans will hamper the allied plans for paci- fication. Apparently no action has been taken on M. Briand's proposal of a civilian commis- sion to study the Upper Silesian situation. (A vague report just received intimates that the neutral zome is mot yet.definitely established. that a little fighting is-still going on. The Teport is rather pessimistic.) * * k k GERMANY—A report from Munich dated June 6 stated that the Bavarian einwohnerwehr had decided to disarm before June 30. Such action would remove the chief immediate ob- stacle in the path of the London program. It is discouraging to have no confirmation of the report. Should the einwohnerwehr not dis- arm by June 30, the French would on July 1 occupy the Ruhr basin, and then what would happen to Dr. Wirth's “government of fulfill- ment” and the London program? Dr. Wirth feels that his tenure of power is precarious any- way. To be sure, after his speech the other day to the reichstag, in which he disclosed a dismal prospect of taxation, retrenchment and sacrifice (no light, but rather darkness visible) for the German people, he received a vote of confidence; but only because the independent socialists supported him, and the people’s party members abstained from voting. The indepen- dent socialists are not to be counted on; and violent opposition from the people's party is to be feared. Dr. Wirth doubts whether he can get from this reichstag the legislation re- quired to give effect to his polidy. So, it is said, he contemplates dissolution of the reich- stag and new elections; a most important matter. * k X ¥ GREAT BRITAIN—Mr. Lloyd George served notice on June 4 that a settlement of the coal strike must be reached within two weeks, or the government’s offer of £10,000,000 to ease the fall of wages would be withdrawn. This started new negotiations between the executive committees of miners and mine owners, no government representative being present. The owners’ committee made a new wages offer, said to be much more generous than any previous one. The miners’ committee thereupon called a delegate conference, and the latter ordered a ballot of all the miners on the owners’ proposals for the coming Wednesday. * X ¥ % E RUSSIA—Several important congresses have been held in Moscow of late—the trade union congress, the economic congress, the all-Rus- slan congress of the communist party. To these bodies Lenin expounded his new economic program and they voted assent. Whether wholeheartedly or because Lenin is now really dictator (Trotsky et al. having been definitely relegated to the background, according to some recent repofts), one cannot say. Nor is per- fectly trustworthy information at hand as to the precise nature of that program. Undoubtedly very great concessions have been made to the peasants; Lenin saw that they had to be con- ciliated at once, or the jig was up. They now pay a tax in kind of a portion (one report says one-third) of their crops, and may do what they like with the rest. Doubtless, too, very important concessions hate been made permitting revival of co-opers- tives and private industries and giving larger Scope to the trade unions. But on this head reports greatly differ. According to one, only small and medium-sized co-operatives and private industries are allowed, the government, leasing factories to the latter, and allowing the trade unions to fix the rates of pay, but re- taining the important right of inspection, the government keeping in its hands the larger in- dustries, transportation and the great natural assets, mines, etc. According to another re- port. Lenin has acknowledged the complete bankruptcy of communism. He wishes to throw the door wide open to capital and to invite the moderate parties to full co-operation in the state. Moderate concessions will not do. Capltal must be completely conciliated if the huge sums required for rehabilitation are to be obtained. According to this latter dispatch (and con- trary to sundry previous reports) the govern- ment hzs not yet grunted a single important great concession. If the government is to make concessions to foreign capital, it must do so on terms as advantageous to itself as possible. There has been no real bidding as yet; capital is shy. Certain offers, as from Dutch Shell for Caucasus oil, from Germans for coal and iron have been declined. On the other hand, Rote Fahne of Berlin quotes Krassin as saying that the great German financlal interests are negotiating furiously for concessions. We should know before long how liberal may be Lenin’s program. Supposing the door thrown wide open to capital, and supposing the mode- rate parties admitted to co-operation in the state, and supposing that capital responds, and supposing (a thing most difficult to suppose) the red Muscovites retain their power under such conditions, will Lenin deal honestly by such foreign capital after it has served his turn? Will he drop his subversive propaganda in other countries? Perhaps that is only a s0p to the disgruntled fanatics. Perhaps Lenin is really converted, as Mr. Lloyd George thought he might be. And then, again, perhaps he isn’t. —y On June 3 the third congress of the third international opened at Moscow. There was joy, there was high jinks, at previous con- gresses of the some. But the dictatorship of the proletariat lags, the world revolution tarries; Moscow is sad this year. * %k ¥ % NEAR EAST—It has been repeatedly as- serted of late that the Greeks would launch another general offensive against the Turks very shortly; King Constantine himself is on his Jay to the Anatolian front. Whether the British are going to pocket the affronts showered on them lately by Mustapha Kemal, or in return therefore openly assist the Greeks, remains to be seen. The British cabinet is earnestly debating the matter. Though the British embargo on arms and munitions has not been revoked, ‘tis said the Greeks have received airplanes, tanks and gas shells a-plenty from British sources. British assistance openly given would probably be confined to naval operations and the furnishing of supplies and possibly some military experts. Moscow has sent to Mustapha Kemal a goodly number of artillery pieces and machine guns, and probably detachments of ussian Moslems promised under a recent treaty. One should like to know the number of the latter. The French, I understand, wil} not lielp the Greeks in any way. * * ¥ % EASTERN SIBERIA.—Last week I cited a report that Semenov, formerly master of Trans- Baikalia and protege of the Japanese, was on his way from Port Arthur to Vladivostok to offer himself as leader of the movement (anti- THE STORY THE WEEK HAS TOLD Chita, anti-communist, whatever it may pre- cisely be) started by ex-soldiers of Gen. Kappel, Kolchak's lieutenant. . I-cited also another re- port that the Kappelites did not want Semenov's leadership. . S Both reports were true. Semenov duly ar- rived in Viadisvostok harbor on a ship he had chartered, presumably with a cargo of heroes. But the Kappelites would not let him land. They had previously locked up a batch of Semenov's officers who had come from Harbin and had, on arrival in Viadisvostok, proclaimed 3emenov supreme ruler of the new white state established by the Kappelites. - The Japanese command at Vladivostok issued a statement that it had warned Semenov against coming to Viadivostok just now and had told him he would get no support from it. Since his ar- rival in the harbor, Semenov has been holding conversation on board his ship, which rides off- shore, with Kappelite representatives. The situation is delicate. People call Semenov a bandit. He s, but no ordinary one. He is ataman or chief of the Trans-Baikal Cossacks, and head ataman of all the Cossacks of Eastern Siberia. , That fellow Sternberg, who with a band of rapscallions who once followed Semenov has for weeks been harrying in Trans-Baikalia, may still own a kind of allegiance to his old chlef. Semenov has a certain interest with the Burlats, an important Mongolian tribe of Trans-Baikalia, and with the tribesmen of Mongolia (he is a titular inke or duke of Mongolia) finally (and not least importantly) Semenov may have the covert backing of the Japanese militarists. The Kappelites would like the adhesion or independent co-operation of the elements named, but they feel that Semenov's leadership would fatally compromise them. On the other hand, they fear to make Semenov their enemy; they fear his influence might avail to set these elements against them, with fatal results. The dispatches do not much enlighten us as to the conduct and political complexion of Kappelites, whether reactionary or democratic; as to theif apparent aims, whether local or far-reaching. The great Semenov says he is pointed for Moscow. What, meantime, is Chita, what is the government of the far eastern republic doing? Mostly talking. it would seem. Its army, though perhaps more than twice as numerous as the Kappelites, seems to lack efficiency and loyalty. Though itself probably of & complexion no more objectionable than shell-pink, it would doubtless be fain now of help from Moscow. But apparently Moscow (her detachments in Western Siberia having been driven west of Omsk) can give no help, can only protest to France and Britain against the “Japanese intervention.” The saintly chitcherin will hold France and Britain -“morally responsible” for the behavior of their ally. What then of Japan? It is reported that the Japanese commander at Vladivostok de- clares himself constrained, because of these untoward developments, to occupy Blagovest- chensk, Khabarovsk, Chita perhaps. Examin- ing this report, one discovers that it comes from Helsingfors via Copenhagen; and so most probably it was manufactured out of whole cloth at Moscow. What precisely is the political complexion of Chita, and will Chita fight? What is the political complexion of the Kappelites. and what do they intend? What do the Japanese intend? What does Semenov in- tend? Of these important questions only the last can be answered with assurance. Seme- nov, that rare blackguard, intends to go to Moscow, following his star. * Xk % % MISCELLANEOUS.—The President has signed the budget bill. I recommend to the reader the following important matters, which I lack space to discuss: The negotiations be- tween the United States and Mexico; not pro- gressing altogether favorably. The situation in Austria, growing more and more delicate. The happy news from China; no more relief funds needed. Unexpected rains have insured @ good harvest throughout the famine area. The happy end of the Fiume question. The hot discussion of the naval appropriations bill now on in conference; especially over the items of appropriations added by the Senate, and over the Borah amendment. The agreement of the Senate (reversing a vote for 170,000 men) to the House provision for an army of 150,000, LET’S JOIN HANDS, ° BIANCHI PROPOSES Minister From Guatemala Wants Unitéa States and Central America to ' Work Together. BY BEN McKELWAY. X YHEN the peopie of the United States learn that Guatemala is a nation, and not a breakfast food, Julio Bianchi, Guatemalan minister to this country, will feel that he has ac- complished something worth while and he can go back home. That's one way the minister expresses his mi sion to the United States, ahd judging from what has been accomplished in a little less than a year in the way of telling. the people of the United States that five very live-and-kicking republics exist on a little strip of land known as Central America, Dr. Bianchi's mission will not be in vain. Though he represents only Guate- mala, Dr. Bianchi has suddenly be- come the spokesman in Washington for Central America, unofficially, of course. But, according to those who pretend to know the inside of what is the way of better understanding bé- tween the people of the United States and Latin America, Dr. Bianchi says, is mutual ignorance of the lan- guages. “There is a language barrier be- tween the two great sections of our continent,” the minister states, “and We must exert every effort to battér down this barrier by increasing the use of English i Latin Amerien and the use of Spanish in the United States. A start in this direction has been made in my country, where, a8 in most of Latin America. the study of English in high schoois and col- leges is not only encouraged, but colnpulsory.” Proposes Language League. - ‘The trouble with the present sys- tem of language teaching, Dr. Bian- chi states, is th the knowledge gained does not last. “But,” he continues, “we must con- tinue our present method until we procure a better one. I think the proper way to procure a better method is to organize a society or league to promote the study of Span- ish in the United States and the study of English in Latin Amerfca 8o that we can talk. understand each other and get down to real business for our mutual profit and welfare. I believe that only through such con- | certed effort will we be able to tear ! down the barrier of language and | attain the goal of understanding we seek.” | In his own country Dr. Bianchi is | surgeon. ‘who has attained promi- nence in his profession. And while busy as a surgeon he had time to { study the political disease of his own ! country. Guatemala was suffering the i malady of a tyrant. Estrada Cabrera held office as a president, but ruled as a dictator. and Bianchi and mem- | bers of his party decided that Guate- i mala’s disease could only be cured by |I major operation—a revolution. How the unionist party overthrew Cabrera is the story of one of the most in- teresting chapters in the history of Central America, and Julio Bianchi | played the leading role in the drama. i Refased the Presidency. [, He was asked, but refused, to take i the presidency. and in explaining his refusal, Dr. Bianchi betrays a new personality in a Latin American poli- tician. was one of the ‘leaders’ in the | revolution up to Cabrera’s removal. i he states, “but the day of leaders’ is jover. The era of petty wars and i revolution is at an end.” Then. with a twinkle in his eve, } Dr. Bianchi explains further: “With the deposed president even mow -im jail, guarded against a mob deman ing his death, how couid I, the father of eight children, accept the presi- dency.” ow that the United States is clo: ing its doors to immigration. Dr. i Bianchi forecasts a great flood of settlement in Latin America by those who would flee from the war's after- math overseas. “Latin Ami | l | DR. JULIO BIANCHL going on, Dr. Bianchi will soon be- come the official spokesman for Cen- tral America. for when the federation of Central America is formed its am- bassador will be the present minister of Guatemala. A Real Ameriean. ’An officiGl of th. e Department. after a conversation with Dr. Bianc . et bisinie (ane said: “The new Guatemalan minister | Savs, and (he DRminest WIO o is a real American.” That is the im-[he Tniel TNAE AU e Europe. pression he makes on nearly all who | EUrOPCE PLOMERR G e Tnited meet him. A little over forty vears of i Sn€¥ 70 TG FA0 Loone’ time. But age, six feet tall, well proportioned.!TTAI"® \31 0" wants these immi- his ' face getaining the tan of the; L2l8 tropical outdoors, he looks more like | &' 2 a moving picture rancher than a dxp-l ca has the land.” he Plenty of Rich Land. “My country, Guatemala, has & lomat. With the manners of a Jus- serand, he has the energy and per-|surface of neariy 50.000 square miles, sonality of a Roosevelt. of extremely rich soil. there is by An interesting anecdote concerning | winter and the plants grow the yey ignorance of the republics of Centrai‘round. Guatemala’s feeding capag America is told by Dr. Bianchi tie|is cqual to that of 100.000 squiss was on a street car recently when a|miles in the temperate zone, l.’n woman asked for direction to reach 2 | there is room for 4000.000 more fn in address. Dr. Bianchi was un- | habitants at th st. able to furnish it “Let's join hands and make tropical “So you are a stranger in Washing- | America a real white man's country; ton, too?" asked the lady. Then you will have demonstrated yo “Yes. madame. unselfish motives in the Monroe doc- “In the government service? trine and you will have developed a “Not in your government's service. 1 market for vour manufacture: nl am the Guatemalan minister.” and. ag -nt:)mngmd:::i';ger;e;wn:' “ so! i main pr:asclhh“ ol Where are you going to| BN .y be Your steadfast friend centually your dependable ally To Create Better Underst; & pand eventialiony of text |dff They point out’ larger countries of the entente, inas- much as the most important voice in international affairs today is not heard the voice of the United States— there may be set on foot in Geneva during the latter part of the month a movement to alter the league con- stitution to such point that the Amer- iecan government will consent to be- | ARMY AND NAVY NEWS. I Returns From Command Of U. S. Adriatic Forces come represented in the settlement of the world's difficulties. If this can| be accomplished there will be little | % talk in Europe of alliances of the | old schoo! i DEMOCRATS WILL CENTER! THEIR ACTIVITIES HERE National Committee Announces. THE ARMY In order to pass from a peace to a war basis without confusion, the War Department advises that all National Guard officers hold commissions in the Officers’ Reserve Corps in time of peace. It is pointed out that the hold- ing of reserve commissions by Na- Abandonment of New York Of-. |t:onal Guard officers. not only make {them available in peace for certain fce|OnenBince CantpaiEn, Guties specified in the national de- Centering of all of the activities of | fense act, but also give them in time the democratic national committee in jof peace commissions under which this city. and the abandonment of the |ihey can be placed on active duty in New York office, which has been |time of war. maintained since the conclusion of | Reserve officers are to be given in the campaign. has been announced by |time of peace a definite assignment i i " lunder which it is contemplated to Gottfe White. chairman of the com- | €l om in time of war. whereas a Chairman White conferred with for- mer President Wilson at the latter’s Serve status. cannot be considered a S street home shortly after his ar- |potential reserve officer for !ervics rival. He left yesterday, but expects to |other than with his National Guar spend conslderable time in Washington | Organization if calle L Aty duty during the summer months. {Commissions in the Officcrs’ Reserve No plans have been made for calling ; Corps are granted to National Guard a meeting of the full committee, he |officers merely for the convenience of eid. It the general belief in jthe government to facilitate their use democratic circles, however, that he | and training in peace and passage to will announce a meeting day for a|a War basia in an emergency. date later in the summer. | National Guard officers constitute a S fa |distinct class of the Officers’ Reserve VAL Unidefom (xans Corps whose commissions in the re- Chairman * White and Treasurer |serve should in time of peace be Marsh will get together in few |governed by their recognized status {days on a definite plan for a drive | to wipe out the deficit in the funds of the campaign committee of last year's campaign. Publicity _ headquarters wil be maintained here and the democrats propose to keep the demo- cratic press well informed with com- ments upon The democratic view of republican shortcomings. “Mr. Wilson rctains his keen terest in all affairs affecting the wel- are of his party and his country %nd he still has the militant spirit which characterized him y leader and chief executive { Mr. White, while declining to dis- close the trend of the discussion of party affairs. Chairman White reported that there was great discontent among business men over the failure of prosperity to arrive on the schedule promised by the republicans in the last cam- paign. They are wondering how much further it is to normalcy. “The failure of the republican ad- ministration to keep its election promises to date has put new heart and new hope in the democratid { party.” sald Chairman White. “Dem- ocrats are encouraged and are get- ‘ting together everywhere.” | CARRIES SUPPLIES FREE. Am‘erlcan Ry. Express Company Aiding Stricken Pueblo. Money and supplies will be trans. ported to the needy at Pueblo free of charge by the American Railway Express Company, O.. B. George, superintendent of the local office, an- nounced. Mr. George announced the follow- ing order: “Agents of the American Railway Express Company are au- thorized to accept and transport free money and supplies for relief pur- poses to the mayor of Pueblo, Amer- ican Red Cross, and other recognized relief associations at Pueblo and Jother devastated towns in that vicin- iy inot be governed by regulations ap- Iplicable to other reserve iwhose service in the National Guard jupon termination of their National missions given them by reason there- of should be terminated, or they {should, if they desire. continue In or re-enter the Officers’ Reserve Corps under the same conditions and regu- ilations as are applicable to all other reserve officers not holding National |Guard commissions. Persons commissioned in the Na- itional Guard, but not federally recog- | nized, will be considered for appoint- ‘ment or promotion as reserve officers. without regard to their National Guard status. quests for appointments or change of status in the Officers’ Reserve Corps until they have been federally recog- nized as National Guard officers. In this manner much useless administra- tive lzbor and possible complications den emergency. Rickards as Militia Chief. The selection last week by President Harding of Col. George Collins Rick- ards to be chief of the militia bu- reau appears to meet with general approval, as evidenced by the com- ment of officers of the Regular Army, National Guard and Reserve Corps stationed in Washington. Upon con- firmation of the appointment by the Senate it is expected that Col. Rick- ards will be immediately released from his present detail as a member of the reserve corps general staff and be assigned to his new duties. Col. Rickards became identified with the National Guard with his enlist- ment as a private in 1377. He rose from the ranks to commissioned grade as a second lieutenant in July, 1883, since which date he has passed through the various commissioned es, becoming a brigadier general june 19, 1919. During the Spanish- iNational Guard officer without a re-: officers | {is not contemplated. In time of peace. | |Guard status, the special reserve com- | jas National Guard officers, and should | jn the Officers’ Reserve Corps, com- 1 It is suggested, how- | [ever, that all such persons contem-| tively. iplating federal recognition defer re- | may be avoided. in the event of a sud- |co-operate and assist the Army in | est number of officers In any branch American war, as a lieutenant coi- onel, he commanded the 16th Pennsyl- vania Infantry, being promoted to the grade of colonel on October 24, 1898, and mustered out with his regiment in December, 1898. He was in com- mand of the 16th Pennsylvania In- fantry on Mexican border service from July, 1916, to January, 1917. He commanded the same regiment from his call into service, July 15, 1917, through its reorganization as the 112th Infantry of the 2Sth Division. and throughout its service in the world war, and was mustered out May 22, 1919. During the month of September, 1918, he commanded the 56th Brigade, 28th Division, in the A. E. F.. was injured during the Ar- gonne offensive on September 27, 1918, remaining in the hospital until the middle of October, when he returned to the command of his old regiment, the 112th Infantry. During his service Col. Rickards has received many commendations and citations. During the world war he was recommended by his brigade commander for a distinguished serv- ice medal and by his division com- mander for a distinguished service cross. He was cited by Gen. Pershing, jana has recently been commended by the commanding general, 1st Corps Area, on his work in connection with the recent allotment, under Army re- organization act of June 4, 1920, of National Guard troops o corps areas and states. Passing Notes. On June 1 there were 66,323 officers missioned in the various sections re- cently authorized by Congress. The number comprises 2 major generals, 14 brigadier generals, 314 colonels, 1,189 lieutenant colonels, 5,908 majors, 13,192 captains, 16,413 first lieutenants and 29,291 second lieutenants. The infantry leads with 18,748 officers, fol- lowed by the air service, numbering 3,408, field artillery 7,502, and the Quartermaster Corps 7,296. The small- of the organized reserves is in the military police section, in which there are only three reserve officers. The inspector general's department fol- lows with eighteen officers, while the staff specialist section and finance ! department contain the number of | thirty-three and forty-four, respec- Surgeon General Cummings of the public health service has instructed all medical officers under his com- mand, who are in charge of U. S. naval and public health hospitals to [k making the preliminary physical ex: aminations of aplicants for training in the citizens military training camps, whica are to be conducted throughout the country this summer. Authority has been granted to the Corps of Engineers to detail sixteen ot oficers to eivilian technical schools. The chief of engineers is taking advantage of the authority by detailing twelve officers of the corps who are on duty as instructors at West Point to the Massachusetts Insti- tute of Technology, Boston. Three of these are to be there for the sum- mer only. They will then return' to the United State Military Academy for an indefinite period, after which they will finish their course at the Institute of Technology. The cavalry board has recommended that the Browning machine rifie be modified plighfly for use in arm of the service. barrel is increased in size, with the caliber unchanged, to make its total weight twenty-one pounds, instead of sixteen as form- erly, besides a bi-pod is used for its support. It is considered the addi- tional weight gives the rifle a dis- tinct advantage over the one now in use. Otherwise there is8 no material alteration. The administration of post ex- change, organization and similar funds is not receiving sufficient su- pervision according to the War De- partment, though many of the ir- regularities arising are no doubt due to the inexperience of the officers re- sponsible for these funds. It has been suggested to corps area and department commanders that for a time a closer supervision be adopted. This will be with a view to insuring that all responsible officers are prop- erly informed as to the expenses which are authorized from these; funds and as to the proper methods | lo be followed in accounting for em. f . The order to standardize the mean- ing of certain terms employed in War Department and service pub- lications and for instruction purpose has been directed by the Secretary of War, that in all future publica- tions and in any revision of existing pamphlets the terms used and their definitions shall conform to the .ones hereinafter published. The definitioms cover lecture, conference, map ma- neuver, map exercise, terrain exer- cise, tactical ride or walk, staf ride or walk, historical ride, field, exer- cises and fleld maneuvers. In theul | REAR ADMIRAL PHILIP ANDREWS, der, twenty-eight wardroom officers, twenty junior officers, tw t shen elve warrant 0 men. The chief petty officers wi be berthed in pipe berths ana the crew in hammocke. The Tospit plication of correct milit et L il e o irto I every) de- Ples, and all unnatural, arineial or There witi s, the commalzary space. er sho unreal elements scrupulously avoided. | fully equipped laundry. An aerslomi cal ‘laboratory and pigeon coop are being provided, also a complete photographic laboratery. A hydrogen generator of large capacity, con. structed to use salt water for cooling. It is expected that the U. S. S.|a number of hydrogen compreasors: Wright, the new seaplane tender, will | 18T€e number of hydrogen Aasis. o i an air blower for the kite ball be placed in commission about Au- | two balloon winches will b: k?.i?::?e"é’. gust 15. She will take the place of | for use in the flying operations and either the Aroostook or the Shaw-|Infation of balloons. The repair fa- mut, now being used for that purposs | CLitIES Will consist of wire assembly in the Pacific and Atlantic fleets. Ar- rangements were made with the Unit- 5 pe. 5 machine shop and. motor ed States Shipping Board late in 1919 | ghop; electrical and fabric shop. T for the Navy Department to take balloon winches are being fitted fop over one of the Emergency Fleet Cor~ :sel in flying flp;mtions of balloons. : arge space forward is provid poration's type B ships, then building | for wine section stowage, and o llr;: at Hog Island for the Shipping Board, | hatch in the weather deck for the and to convert the vessel into an air- | purpose of getting the wing sections craft tender for kite balloons and|below. Space will also be availaple seaplanes for the United States Navy. | for the stowage of spare parts for The conversion work now being exe- | kite balloons, seaplanes and. various cuted includes additions, changes and | stores. The battery will consist of aiterations necessary to fit and com- i four to five inch 51-caliber guns, twe plete the vessel in every respect fer forward and two aft, also, two ma. sea service, including provisions for | chine guns. g the stowage of six kite balloons, for the inflation ousing of kite bal- loons aft In a balloon well, for the| Miqsten em Cigtoe. necessary-hydrogen generating plant| Under the command of Rear Ad- for balloon inflation, for hydrogen | miral Hughes, five vessels, compris- stowage, and for efficient repair ing the midshipmen practice squad- lants for the balloon and seaplanes. ; P he veasel 18 belng avranaed fo: | ron. began their cruise to European flying operations of kite balloons and | port lasst week. Approximately 1,740 l;n :e't:r::e‘r' 1‘0':", lo:’l:::n:p.::arg;rtlg midshipmen made the cruise. The s e i Tt Cquarters ate being arranged. to | deficient midshipmen, who, under the accommodate the ship's own com-|law of last year, must be carried plement and officers, and officers and ialong, will be given a special personnel assigned to the care and!course of instruction on the cruise operation of the kite balloons and|and re-examined next September. seaplanes. Berthing and messing ac- | About fifty ex-midshipmen, who have commodations are being provided for | been regppointed, will also go on this the captain, one detachment comman- | cruise. “The itinerary is of. interest the military situations must be logical and reasonably stated, so as to be possible of solution by the ap- foundry, sheet metal and coppersmith shop; carpenter and pattern shop; sixty chief petty officers and | shop; tool issuing room, blacksmith, | erecting | in safeguarding the new world Dr. Bianchi says his chief work in Washington is to create a better un- derstanding between the people of i the United States and Latin America and as a means toward this end he has delivered numerous addresses in { different cities of the country before ltrade orzanizations and business { men. and has been larzely quoted in the press. Dr. Bianchi has been credited with doing more for Central America in less than a year than any 1one man has done in the last twenty years. ! CHANGES IN DRY FORCE. New Prohibition Directors Named by Internal Revenue Commissioner Several changes in' the prohibition directors in various parts of the coun- 'lr_\ have been announced by Com- ioner Blair of the internal reve- nue bureau. . Sam Collins of Whitesburg. K: was named for the state of Kentucky, succeeding Paul M. Williams. B. F. Mitchell of San Francisco was named for California, succeed- y {ing S. F. Rutter. i Mariano, R. Pesquera of San Juan, {Porto Rico, ‘was named for Porto { Rico, succeeding D. Y. Donaldson. Carl Jackson of Laramie, Wy was named for California, succeed- ing Lloyd C. Sampson. the to the young men, as well members of the ships' compan Directory Suspended. Despite the fact that the personnel of the Navy has been reduced little, and the amount of paper work re- quired by the bureau of navigation {is as great as at any period other than during actual hostilities, the | civilian clerks will be reduced from 1481 to 281, including messengers, on {July 1. This reduction is due to the failure of Congress to provide suf- ficient funds for the required force. An immediate effect of the cut will be the suspension of the Navy Di- rectory with the issue for July, for the reason that there will not be available a sufficient number of | 2lerks to do the work of correction | ana compilation. Dental Corps Pay. The Secretary of the Navy desires legislation to give officers of the naval Dental Corps rank and pay from the date stated in their commission. The controller of the Treasury in construing the act of July 1. 1918, held that an officer of the Dental Corps iwho is advanced in rank as author- ized thereby is not entitled to the in- creased pay and allowance therein provided for prior to the date of the iapproval of that act. The -proposed |1egislation places officers of the Den ital Corps promoted according to the provisions of that aot to take rank from a date stated in their commis- sion prior to the date of said act in the same status relative td rank, pay and allowances as that provided in the act of March 4, 1913, for officers of the line and other staff corps. and to avoid further _discrimination against officers of the Dental Corps in the matters of pay by virtue of the ! One of the greatest difficulties in | dre inst_any aggression.” 2 A " Bianchis chief pride in life today is his family of eight children. the largest family in the diplomatic corps in Washington. Their home is not the stereotyped legation. with ts confining restrictions irksome to children, but a big playhouse, with a spacious lawn surrounding it. Sev- eral months ago the Bianchi chil- dren saw their first snowfall and moving pictures all over the country showed the minister romping in the snow with his eight delightful chil- PAY HOMAGE TO GOOD.~ | House Members Honor Him as He Leaves Seat. Representative Good of Towa, chain- man of the House appropriations com- mittee, relinquished his seat yesterday immediately aZer the House had adopted the conference report on the deficiency appropriation bill, the lll‘! supply measure handled by him. ° Democrats joined republicans i a round of speeches commending the- | retiring member. 3 Expressing appreciation of the gift from his colleagues of a silver service. Mr. Good said he had post= poned his retirement until the budget bill could become a law. Instead of the Senate being the conservative branch of Congress, he added, the House had proved to be the guardigg of the public treasury. He was loudly applauded when he predicted the House would steadfastly refuse to agree to Senate increases in the Navy and Army appropriation bills now in conference. - NOMINATIONS HELD UP. Action on the nominations eof George R. Rickards of Pennsylvania to be chief of the militia bureau and | Maj. Robert C. Peck to be a lieutenant colonel were held up by the Senate mitie tary committee on objections by Senator Capper, republican, Kansas. ASSIGNED TO BATTLESHIP. * Commander John. S. McCain has been detached from duty in the Bu- jreau of Navigation, Navy Department, 2nd assigned to the battleship Mary- land as navigator. = [To Bebuild Belleau Village as Memorial to U. S. Heroe§ (Continued from First Page.) Pomerene. Senator Smoot, Senator Swanson, Senator Poindexter. Senator ! Sutherland, Representative Frank W. Mondell, Representative Julius Kahn, : Representative H. F. Fisher, Repre- sentative John Peters, Representative id. J. Rogers, Representative Hatton i W. Sumners, Representative Burtom L. French, Assistant Secretary of Wax J. Mayhew Wainwright, Assistant | Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt, Maj. Gen. James Guthrie Harbord, Maj. Gen. John A. Lejeung, decision of the controller. & Newton D. Baker, Brig. Gen. George Richards, president Sons of the Revo- Discharge of Reserve Officers. Commandants of naval districts have been authorized to issue hono able discharges on account of expira tion of enrollment to Naval Reserve officers whose enrollments have ex- pired and whose re-enrollments have been authorized by the’ bureau of navigation. Ordinarily reserve officers do not receive written discharges for their term of enroliment. and this action is taken on the request of many officers who desire to posses a certificate showing their service in the Naval Reserve force. i lution in the District of Columbia, ne= tional president Leazuc of Masonie Clubs; L. H. Trouin... D. J. Calla- orary. president, Navy League: Frank | Columbus; Robert M. Thompson, hon=" orable president, vy League; Frank B. ves, Rabbi Abram Simon, Henry Breckenridge. Roberts Woods Bliss, Mrs. Harry S. New, Mrs. Truman .S ! Newberry, Mrs. Joseph R. Lamar, | president National Society Colontil : Dames; Mrs. George Maynard Mines, Fn, Henry W. Rae, Representative '’homas S. Butler, Maj. Gen. Clarence Zdwards. .