Evening Star Newspaper, March 6, 1921, Page 35

THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON. D. C. MARCH 6. 1921—PART AFTERMATH PERILS |Army and IN INDEMNITY ISSUE| Navy News All Statesmen Participating in London Conference Face Flarebacks—Ger-~ man Upheaval Possible. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. GREEMENT or no a<reement in London, where allied su- preme council and the Ger- man delegation are discussing the puzzling reparations issue, there Wil still abound multitudinous and exceedingly dangerous shoals for all of the statesmen concerned. If Dr. Walter Simons agrees to the Paris reparations stipulations of 226.- 000,000,000 gold marks after having during the past week offered what is equivalent to 30,000,000,000, the entire German government lays itself open to ouster and internal dissension of gravest sort. If he does mot agree and the Ger- man delegation can offer no more sub- stantial reparations sums, the allies by announced edict will occupy Duis- berg, Duesseldorf and Ruhrort. in the Ruhr region of Germany, will levy heavy taxes on all German exports establish a custom boundary splitting Germany along the bank of the Rhine. Any such venture on the part of the allies will bring on gravest internal dissension within Germany. where the people have responded widely to the admonition, “Resist.” And the allies do not want a disor- ganized Germany. ‘What Briand Faees. Tf there s compromise, one to ‘which the French are forced to agree. Premier Briand may as well send his resignation from London, rather than appear in the French chamber and defgn explanation. On the other hand, if Lioyd Georze continues a policy of temporizing with the German delegation and zov- ernment, after it has been establish- ed that they are playing in bad faith, thereby hagzarding England’s alliances ‘with her allies, then the premier faces the greatest test of his career at Thome, and, In view of antagonisms aroused over the Irish policy and the labor situation. he may be over- thrown. Tt is the direct effect upon Germany of either acceptance of the Paris agreement or occupation bv allied forces of those Ruhr cities which will permit the allies to separate Bavaria m Pru: that the world desiring and an end to eternal anibbling and procrastination in_ settling re- construction problems, is much con- cerned at the moment. Always there have been two poten- tial danwers in case Germanvy. out and out, attempted to resist the allies: one the restoration of the old mon- archical regime and the other. the ad- vance of holshevism. TUndoubtedly hoth of these notential danzers have been overworked by the German gov- ernment in attempts to dodee treaty terms. but it is recogiized neverthe- less. that thev do exist. The mon- archist schemings and strivings are the greatest danger todav. though anv attempt of the allies to enforce the most recent Paris agreement will Wt further the cause of radical so- cialism in Germanv. for the German worker has heen led to helieve that the terms will Impose almost ever- lasting_hondage upon the workine- man. Tt will be too late now for either the gnvernment or conservative =chools of théueht to check the tide: of wrath In mfnstrial circles in case either natentiality romen *n nass. Strength for Monarchists. Tf the present German government should consent to objectionable terms the monarchists undoubtedly will be strengthened in their threats against the government. Hugo Stinnes, the financial power of Germany, has warned the country against the al- leged plottings of the monarchists and militarists, citing the perils Germany ‘would face in case their plans carried, plans which according to reliable au- thority were perfected at a meeting ten days ago over which no less a R_pmn than Gen. Ludendorff presided. hough the allies are in position to enforce their dictates by the sword if need be, notwithstanding the return of = monarchist regime, it neverthe- less remains true that such contin- gency would but prolong the unset- tled conditions, and the march of events might eventually cause them to show even greater moderation in terms. Furthermore, Premier Lloyd George often has stated and is known to be- lieve that further allied incursions can do nothing but engender further ‘bitterness on the part of the Germans which will militate against the pres- ervation of European peace. Further- more he, it is said. fears potential danger to Anglo-German trade. but in answering Dr. Simons, who proposed the exceedingly objectionable repara- | tions compromise, Lloyd George showed that he is firm for the Paris agreement, at least his stand has sened the effectiveness of his ¢ attacks in England, and at the time he has won greater solidarity between France and England. Adjustments Possible. The fitm stand of British pre mier, after t| Germans had thought to divide the French and British, un- doubtedly has impressed Berlin that the allies are in no moo1 to temporize or weaken their present position. That there may be some adjustments in the general scheme of payments, etc., in case the Germans finally agree to meet the allied stipulations can be taken for granted. In the abandon- ment of previously expressed fears in regard to Germany for his firm stand for fulfillment of the Paris agree- ment, which is strictly French in its source, one acquainted with Europein conditions wonders just what diplo- matic game the British premier is playing. That the French have ma concessions in other readjus problems for favorable stand of land on the question of rcparations, is gemerally conceded, but where and how are questions which cannot pe judged at the momer Premier Briand, i sustains the Paris agreement, ve won one of the greatest triumphs of his career. He not only will have met the insist- ent French popular demand that “the boche must pay liberally,” but will have robbed the Poincare opposition of its chief bludgeon, designed par- ticularly for the Briand ministry. . Briand’s Firm Position. Premier Briand is in position at the moment to stand firm against tem- porizing, for the French are aroused as at no time since the war ended, and are ready to utilize an army of nearly a million men at any juncture to obtain French aspirations. This condition has not been true during the greater portion of the time since the armistice, for during a period of nearly eighteen months the various French governments existent without much hesitation expressed fears of the radical elements in France. How far the spirit of bol- shevism had penetrated the ranks of the common people was not known. but today any government can dis- count this danger. In addition France is recovering with leaps and bounds commercially, economically and in every sense except financially. and with the fixing of the reparations payments even in this regard France will be_able to proceed along definite lines. Premier Briand knows that if England shows the white feather in the collection of indemnities. France can proceed about her business, and even though from the viewpoint of manpower Germany may be stronger, France is sufficiently organized to set in motion any scheme she may have in mind to collect her just deserts. Besides, France has the assistance of Belgium in any eventuality. But it appears that France will get Eng- land's aid to the limit unless there should be further and radical dis- agreements as to policies and methods in the actual carrying out of imposed stipulations. It is the hue and cry of political enemies at home, who 'declare Lioyd George has hazarded alliances. coupled with knowledge that the French are ready to proceed anyway, that may have influenced the British premier in his decisions to perpetuate the Paris agreements at any cost, Chief Fedture of Moment. But the great predominating fea- ture at the moment is that the allied premiers are in accord and Germany is going to be forced to pay to the limit for the tremendous sufferings she brought upon the world. In no country is there objection to this; on the other hand, gratification that the allies finally have quit quibbling and placed their feet on firm paths, even though it is not definitely known just where these paths will lead because of the tremendously unsettled gonditions prevailing abroad. From the very start there has been a feeling that the Germans' first offer would not be their last. Dr. Simons’ statement that Germany's position was misunderstod and that there would be little excuse for initiating allied coercive measures leads to the hope that Germany wil} yet see the light and go about her busin of settling her war bill. Monday's re- ply to the allies will determine, at least. what the present German gov- ernment will do, but that reply., asl| & before stated, also may determ whether that government will live 16ng enough to ever see the German people become reasonably reconciled to the envitable or impressed with the responsibilities placed upon them. LOOK TO NEW CONGRESS TO CURB THE GUN TOTERS) (Continued from First Page.) -— | thirty days nor more than six months. Senator Shields believes that this is a matter which should be handled by the federal government. He points out that if a state has a law against | the gale of pistols within its borders, | still any one in that state may have | a pistol shipped in to him and thus avold the law. Very much as in the days before the eighteenth comstitu- tional amendment was adopted, liquor was shipped from wet to dry terri- tory. A glance at the most recent figures available for homicides in the l'nllud{ States indicatesthat the habitofkilling is becoming more and more common | in this country, notwithstanding the efforts made in_other directions to preserve human life. For in the year 1919, in thirty-one American cities having _an aggregate population of 20,065.557, there were 1,831 homicides, | or 91 for cvery hundred thousand population. In 1900 the population of these cities was given at 11,950,999 @nd the number of homicides at 609, | or 51 for every hundred thousand | population. | Census Report Shows Killings. A report of the census bureau | »ws that. in the registration area, ading « number of states and | many large cities, where homicid re recorded a8 such, there were 4, such killings in the year 1913 Qui « sizable number. The latest census report shows a far greater number, however. Washington, D. C, is by the most dificult city in wh #lop u bullet or otherwise get your- #01f Killed among the th¥rty-one from | which statistics have been obtained In 1919 the rate of homicides w 148 for each hundred thousand pop- ulation. With the population nearly 1.000. it is easy to sce that the mber of persons killed in Washing- 10n in that year was sizable. In the period 1909-1913, however, the num- |justment, declaring itself in favor of | ber of homicides in the District a | know the reason why. | “unwritten The highest rate of homicides fn any of the thirty-one | cities from which the 1919 statistics are available. as contained in_an article in the Spectator by L. F. Hoffman, ix shown to have been that of Mer phis. Tenn.. where there were 55.9 hom cides per 100,000 populatior: Atlanta, Ga., came next. with 40.8 per 100,000 population. San Francisco has 12 to every 100.000 population and New York only 5, while Chicago has 11.6. The deplorable ~ conditions in_ the United States with regard to homicides are emphasized when the homicide rate 1- in other countries is taken into coi eration. For instance, the homic mortality rate in New York has been figured to be six times the rate of Lon- don, England. But in England when a murder is committed the chances are very favorable for the execution of the murderer. In the United States there is much sickly sentimentality that aids in preventing the punishment of the guilty man or woman. Then. too, there are the law's d . the taking advan- tage of technicalities, the pleas of the law." of insanity, that all go to aid the murderer to escape,pun- ishment DROP LABOR COMMITTEE. Railway Executives Regard Its Services No Longer Needed. NEW YORK, March 5.—The National Association of Railway Executives at a meeting yesterday voted to ubolish its labor committee erting that it had virtually completed its work and that its further maintenance was a constant invitation to seek a uniform settlement of labor matters which ought to be scttled between each railroad and its own emplo Tha, association stand Clear of nati nal boards of ad- decentralization in labor relations. iged 71 to the hundred thousand vopulation. Senator Shields is determined to get ®ome action in the matter of suppressing ihe ready sale of fircarms. So far ax the Distriet of Columbia is concerned, i points out that Congress has exclu- Jjurisdiction over if, and can enact 5 1o prevent the sale of pistols here s no reaxon why a bill regulating tiie sale of firearms in the District may WELCOME FOR DANIELS. 5,000 to Sing at Welcome Home for Ex-Secretary. RALEIGH, N. C. Secretary of the Navy March 5.—Former Josephus By Capt. Arthur G. Duncan. 3 —_— 3 | THE ARMY | ONTHS ago the matter of Army promotions was dis- cussed by members of the enate military committee. There has since been no apparent change in their polic merit stent with the good of the serv and in a broad sense the eliminat of part politics—and creditable showing so far has been made in the confirn n of appointm@nts and promotions. Anticipating the difficulties to be overcome in appointments and pro- motions under the recent reorganiza- tion act, the writer in December last s’:(‘ur\-d several signed interviews from #hembers of the Senate military committee on this subject, which at that time were printed in these col- umns. In the light of subsequent ovents, it may be well to review some of them. Senator Wadsworth, chairman, Sen- ate military committe Th on- a e, said: appointments and promotions which cem proper and ady © should, in my judgment, be confirmed for the {&00d of the ome prove to he unde hould jected. The political comples administration should aring upon Army and Navy ap- pointments. Each case should be con- sidered upon its mer according to my way of thinking. And in a liberal interpretation of the method of appointments and pro- motions to be made, Senator New stated: “I am very much in favor, not of interfering with, the War De- partment, whatever may be its po- litical complexion, but of co-operat- ing with it in the best sense—giving careful consideration to its appoint- ments before approving them. Neither do 1 object to, but rather favor, the theory of selection. But the very basis of this theory is that the selec- tion will be made because of special qualifications, and not in any haphaz- ard fashion, or for any ulterior mo- tive. I favor careful consideration of appointments that have been made, or that will be made.”" * When the final selection for pro- motion of the limited number of gen- eral officers is made, and the present tangle in junior officer promotions has been straightened oyt, it is be- lieved that the consensus of opinion will commend the judgment of those in_authority in their equitable ad- justment of a most difficult and un- precedented problem s on Bergdoll Investiga- tion. “I'm going to put in my resolution immediately to push the Bergdoll case to the finish,” was the comment made by Chairman Kahn of the House military committee last week. “Our committee to the man is with me on this case. The House rules commit- tee has sidetracked my resolution, but the delay is only temporary Every red-blooded man in America familiar with this case is interested in the outcome of the Bergdoll fias- co. Among the things we want to know is how this archslacker could boldly draw from our Treasury dur- ing the war $105,000 in gold coin, at a time when not even those in gov ernmehtal authority could obtain that privilege. [ have received numer- ous iquiries from Philadeiphia and other cities of the country asking if “crepe is ready to be hung on the Bergdoll case.” My reply to this was that our committee is determined from the evidence already in hand to fully investigate every angle of this case.” To Use Non-Standard Shoes. Instead of throwing the thousands of pairs of non-standard field shoes on the market for what they will bring, the salvage branch of the Quartermaster Corps is developing a plan for the redyeing of all now in stock. The iron heel plate or rim will be removed, a leather heel substituted and the shoes made fit for issue to the troops. It is esti- mated that this work can be done at nominal cost. and, when completed, the shoes will be ready for immediate use, instead of being sold for what they might bring. This is in fur- therance of the War Department's policy of utilizing non-standard ar- ticles until the supply on hand is ex- hausted. - Suit to Restrain Demotion. Stating that he was forced by in- consistencies in the Army reorgani- zation law to bring action in the civil courts to prevent further demotion from licutenant colonel to his present rank of captain, T. A. Lyon, a captai in the judge advocate's department, is attempting to compel the War De- partment to make a rearrangement of captains, first and second lieuten- nis on the e promotion list pro- ded for by the Army reorganiza- tion act, which he says affects the standing on the list of about 1.100 other captains of® the Regular Army who were recently commissioned {rom their temporary grades. Capt. Lyon, a graduate of the first officers training camp with the rank of captain of infantry, rose during the war to the rank of licutenant colonel, judge ad- vocate general’s department. The War Department, according te Capt. Lyon, in arranging on the sin- gle list the captains and first and {second lieutenants appointed in the Regular Army after April §, grouped all such officers according to length of service, without regard to rank held by them on July 1 1920. As a result of this arrange ment, he claims that approximateiy 1,100 othe newl pointed captains {find that they appear on the promo- tion list below at lea: 0 first and second lieutenants, and some of these captains at th Jist, below practically every first and second lieutenant now in the Army. As a result of this arrangement, every first and second licutenant in the Army whose period of commissioned iservice has been greater than that of Lyon or the 1,100 other newly-ap- pointed captains will, under the pr ent application of the law reach their Ives in order of crviee, and st amon | the length of « i that all cx Tollovwed on the list by all [ vanged amony 1h Yo sioned the mmis ants to be followed on the Tike- ond lieutenants o arranged among themselve r of lenzth of service. He | ther contends that under the act of June 4. 1920, applicants for commis- sions in the Regular Army were re- | quired to submilt themselves before a board of officers for academic and professional examination, and that such applicants were then com- missioned in the grades and ranks in which they were qualificd to serve; and that the action of the bhoard in placing officers who as a result of that examination, were regarded only as qualified for the grades of first and second lieutenants on the single list. but chose officers who, upon the same examination, were then regard- ed qualified for captains. is not only unreasonable and unjustifiable, | or these | shoes bought during the war and | 1917, 1 very bottom of the! majority before the captains attain this grade, which will result in de- laying the promotion of present cap- tains from five t rs. It is Capt. Lyons contention that the rcorganization act provided that all captains should be arranged on | but in effect nullifies the evident in- tent of Congress. According to Capt. Lyon, he has made repeated efforts during the past six months to secure relief from the present situation, and during that time has exhausted every means pro- Daniels and Mrs. Daniels will be wel- comed home here tomorrow afternoon at a community sing in which 5000 persons are expected to take part. Mr. and Mrs. Daniels will arrive in Raleigh early Sunday morning. Mr. imicides in the United States inquired | Danfels, who was editor of his news- | vided for by Army regulation to have ito. Much is being done in this coun- | paper. the Raleigh News and Ob-|the situation remedled within the iy 14 reduce accidents to a minimum, | server, before going to Washington [Wwar Department without a resort to Tt very little to prevent murder, and | eight years ago, will resume his work | the courts. Failing in his efforts bers of Congress are anxious to on that paper next week, within the department, he elaims to 5ot be made part and parcel of the law 10 prevent interstate commerce in pis- tols May Be General Probe. An effort may be made in the new « ongress 1o have the whole subject of Former Representative Warren Gard of the third district of Ohio, who retired from Congress March 4, was a member of the House com- mittee on the judiciary, before which a hearing was held in Janu- ary on the joint resolutions propos- ing an amendment to the Constitu- tion enabling Congress to grant national representation to the Dis- itrict of Columbia, in Congress and , the electoral college. Mr. Gard took | |a deep interest in the argumcmsi made by representative citizens of the District. He has prepared for | { The Star the following statement | respecting the question of national { representation, fully approving the| proposal and expressing the hope that it will be accomplished and the “American right long deferred” will “now be granted to these American citizens.” The foundation of free gov- ernment is in the expressed will of the people, and I hold it fundamental that all quali- fied citizens of the govern- ment should have the power of expression as electors In the United States the o only statelike division in During the autumn of 1915 { which there is no right to I was a member of the joint vote for President and Vice committee on fiscal relations President, members of the to investigate and report on the proper fiscal relations be- tween the District of Colum- bia and the federal govern- ment as a whole, and, espe- cially since my work on that committee, with the knowl- edge I at that time gained of District affairs, I have paid most particular attention to matters affecting the District as they came up for consid- eration in the Congresses of which [ have been a member. I was very much impressed during the hearing on the question of representation of the District of Columbia in Congress and the electoral college before the committee on the judiciary of the House of Representatives in last January by the statement of electoral college and repre- sentatives in Congress is the District of Columbia. This is because the federal Constitution provides for the exclusive jurisdiction of Con- gress in the District of Co- lumbia and makes no pro- vision for the votes of its citizens or for their repre- sentation. This exclusive power of Congress was thought wise because unpleasant experi- ence made it necessary for the capital to be such a place —not of such a place—in which the national authority would be supreme, and there would be no clash of jurisdic- tion between nfunicipality or state and nation. While I have never had the one of the witnesses: “\We privilege of service on either are not secking to wrest from the appropriating committee | Congress, representing the or the legislative committee ion, control of the Na- of the District of Columbia, tional Capital; we are mere- 1 have alv been most keenly interested in the gov- ernmental affairs of the Dis- trict, for these affect the wel- fare of its every man, woman and child. Iy secking on American prin- ciples our just participation in the Congress that is to exer- is exclusive legisla- tion.” In my opinion, the fact that ' ! have been forced to institute suit the civil courts as a last resort. in ! Noted Naval Officer Increane Service Facilities. Service schools at Camps Knox and Benning and at Forts Leavenworth | and Riley are being equipped with salvage plants, where laundry and re- pair work will be rendered gratis to enlisted men, and at government ex- pense,to officers and their families. The Chcilities for each school com- prise a laundry, shoe, clothing and hat repair shops. The laundries at Camps Taylor and Gordon have been ! transferred to Camps Knox and Ben- | ning. A permanent post laundry has' been alled at Fort Riley. A laun- has recently been completed at Leavenworth which will fake post proper, the disci- plinarian barracks and nearby re- cruiting stations. The work at this post is operated by prison labor. The installation of these plants is under the tion of the salvage service of the Quartermaster Corps, Officers of this service say that with ma- chines and equipment taken from abandoned camps a cash outlay of only approximately $13,000 is required to install a plant. which, if purchased.| new, would cost of $100.000. At Camp Knox, Ky., thirty-five miles from Louisville, a salvage plant re- cently constructed has a capacity of taking care of 10,000 men, giving them a weekly service. The new laun- dry at Fort Myer. Va., has been com- pleted and placed in operation. This laundry is equipped with all modern machinery and appliances required by an up-to-date plant. It will take care the government in of all government Jaundry work in the ¢ of Wazhington and its vicin- {ity, including Walter Reed General Hospital and officers and their fam- ilies. Mou® trucks will be used as the means of transportation between Fort Myer and other points, including the collection and delivery to resi- | dences of the military personn Among the special features of the laundry is a plant for the softe: “AR ADMIRAL CHARLE BADGER, U. S. N. (Retired), who retired from act| of water, which results in the con- e duty on servation of supplies and materials | February 25 Admiral Badger han used and the improvement in the been on duty for e class of work turned out. There is ! chairman of the also an overhead carrier system for | was retired in 191 transferring the clothing from one department_to another while in the s of being washed. This is not a time and labor saving device, but also conserves space and permits of the installation of extra machinery for use in cases of emergency. Laun- ‘ring nearly 5.000,000 picces of cloth- ing during the month of December, | station and relayed to the far east | world. Wherever Navy vessels, were stationed the method used amateur operators in various parts of the country to copy the address, as all | Navy wireless stations had orders to 1920, at a cost of less than $155.000.( rabroadcas making 4 met profit of more than | ooroadeast it $15,000 in the transaction, is the rec- Bombing Experiments. _ Under instructions from the former Secretary, the Navy is working out {plans for extensive experiments to determine the effectivoness of air- craft against surface craft. It was uggested by the Army and Navy joint board that the experiments be | carried on jointly by the Army and Navy. The following excerpts from recommendations were submitted by this board to the Secretary: “After careful consideration {ord claimed by the sal i the Quartermaster Corps. Ze service of Back to Clothing Allowance. A return to the old method of a clothing allowance for enlisted men rather than an issuance in kind has been approved by the Secretary of War. This change was made because of greeter economy in the cost of clothing, as soldiers will have an in- centive to take care of their uniforms The present system of issuing clothing to enlisted men imposes an additional heavy cost because of the absence of a fixed and definite allowance. In addi ‘ tion, legislation enacted by Congress requires the quartermaster gemeral to e certain articles of clothing to Lonorably discharged enlisted men who did not draw clothing at the time of h Between the date of April 30, 1919, the ofli estimated | | and ready directed by the Navy Depart- ment, and consultation with the act- ing_ chief of the Army air scrvice nd the director of naval aviation, the joint board ched the fol *lowing conculsio “That the bombing exp ments contwmed in the exercises to be con- ducted by the Navy are designed to determine: nd ral's) i astal there had been discharged 1.800,000 | zone © onlstEh Y men who were under the faw itled | gele suticient bombing airplanes to {to retuin their uniforms. It is esti-| make an effective attack. {mated that of the same number ap-i “2d. The probability of hitting with { proximately §00,000 did not send their | bombs from airplanes, a 1 un- { uniforms back, and therefore are|derway and capable of mancuvering, equipped. Approximately 300,000 ap-|but incapable of anti-aircraft de- | plications have been received and a full issue completed. Accordingly there remain approximately 700,000 to whom uniforms,are yet to be issued. The Senate military committee pro- ses to amend the Army appropria- tion bill by eliminating this issue of {clothing to men in the Regular Army | and providing that emergency men will have until July 1 next to exercise their right under the law. It will cost | $16,000,000 to clothe the 700,000 if all decide to take uniforms. I~ THE NAvY e Flashed to practically every part of the world by Navy wireless, Presi- dent Harding's inaugural address was dispatched from the high-pow- ered station at Sayville and also at Arlington at noon Friday. The mes-| . Line Promotion sage was pl*ed up by the San Diego! A mumber of captai: fense. 3d. The damage to vessels of com- paratively recent design which will result from hits with bombs of va- rious types and weights. The vessels to be attacked by bombing are of the battleship, light cruiser, destroyer and submarine types.” It is believed that these experi- ments carried out al sea will demon- state the effect of an airplane bom- bardment of naval craft more effec- tively than experiments conducted with the vessels at anchor in shal- low water. The results of these experiments and the conclusions drawn there- from will be held secret by the War and Navy departments until passed upon by the joint board, and all offi- cers concerned in making these ex- periments will be Instructed accord- ingly. Americanize the Washingtonians a governmental reservation has been created and now ex: ists in and as the District of Columbia is not hostile to the thought that the qualified electors of such reservation should participate by their suffrage in ghe affairs of their country, the country of states and the District of Columbia —*a distinct political society, and, therefore, a state, ac- cording to the definitions of writers on general law.” In fact, it has always been hostile to my desire to afford full and complete justice to all that the privilege of suf- frage is not had by the resi- dents of this District. During the course of the hearing above referred to I said: “My belief is that the population of the District of Columbia is and has been fitted for the highest exercise of every privilege or duty or obligation of an American citizen.” Its population has grown from a mere handiul when the District was created to a number greater than is con- tained in each of several of our states. - PLANS PRACTICAL AID- FOR LATIN REPUBLICS: Southern Commerecial Congress to Condu’cfl Surveys and Otherwise Assist Neighbors. the Southern Commercial Congress to- ward South America, as outhined by its director, Dr. Clarence J. Owens, While the Southern Commercial Con- gress is in full sympathy with interna- tional amity, comity and fraternity, as illustrated in the relations which exist now between the Latin American repub- lics and the United States, there is a woeful lack of the practical in our deal- ings with South America, according to Dr. Owens, and this lack the Southern Commercial Congress pians to remedy ily by helpful suggestion and co- th o of taken by various Te oductive il steps crnme of the prding to Dr. Owe fo iho governments now planned by the al Congres: In 1912 this organization directed an extensive survey in several European th suthern Commer- BY BEN McKELWAY. “ RACTICAL Pan-American- ism.” giving the republics to the south the beneflits of American legislation and European experience, is the program of | land owner | Its contributions to the national welfare and defense have been entirely propor- tionate to states of like or greater population. Its destiny is undoubtedly to grow in citizenship and that this citizenship con- tribute to the beauty and cfficiency of the capital, and this can best be done and the highest sense of contribution and co-operation to the na- tional welfare be made when these citizens have the rights of all other citizens of the United States. Therefore, from my sense of justice springs my belief that the granting to the citizens of the District of Co- lumbia a voice in national af- fairs will prove of manifest advantage, both to country and citizen, and I make bold to say that, in my opinion, this American right, long de- ferred, should now be granted to these American citizens. perturbed over the prospect that many of them will reach the retiring age before promotion to the grade of rear admiral, owing to the ¢ paratively few vacancies that W | occur in the higher grade in the next | | enabled,| Philadelphia. study of the bombing experimenta al- | 9 | few year: captains fifty-8ix years, but that limitation is under suspension until Jnne 30 next “in the case of those officers who may request such defer- ment.” The situation is particularly disturbing to those near the bottom of the list of captains, who are less likely, 5o long as they remain in that position. for selection for promotion. | There is a prospect, of course, that Congress may abolish the “age-in- grade” retirement statute, as there is a prejudice against elimination from active list of officers while in their prime. However, repeal of the law would result in those now: near the bottom of the list remaining in such relatively low position as to render less likely their selection for promo- ion. Airplane Carricrs. In ntemplation of the possible authorization by Congress of two air- plane car for the Navy, designs for the: cssels already are in course of preparation, and in” their produc- tion consideration is being given to all the information available concern- ing the characteristics and perform- ances of the several types of craft used as carriers in the British nav Our carriers will be vessels of about 30.000 tons displacement and a of between thirty-four and thirt knots, and so far as known they be larger and swifter than any car- riers that so far have been in service in the British navy. among which are the Argus, Pegasus. Ark Royal, Fu- rious and Eagl ith the "Herme: building. The carriers for our Navy will have a practically unobstructed fiving-off and landing k for nes. elevators for carrying -five The retirement age for | the | countries to discover how the govern- ments abroad helped the farmer. One results of this investigation was i of the federal farm held to be consti- tutional by the United States Supreme Court last week. Th v, making every acre of land the basis for credit on long-tike loans with low interest rates, helped to finance American agri- culture through the war. Owens last vear was appointed cial adviser to the government of to aid in making an economic in that republi. upon the re- sults of which new legislation was drawp_up. One of the I is based upon the existing federal farm loan law of this country. with certain changes to meet conditions which exist in Pana- ma Similar surveys of the economic con- ditions of other Latin-American repub- lics now are planned by the Commercial Congress, Dr. Owens states, and tations already have been re- ceived by two of them to make such investigations. The invitations have been accepted. The Southern Commercial Congress, according to Dr. Owens, believes that this country is as unprepared for its participation in the foreign field of trade as it was for taking part in the Euro- pean war, and under its supervision a number of trade schools—P’lattsburghs for business men, as they are termed— are being established in various Ameri- can cit The first one was conducted in Washington last summer and the course will be repeated this year. Two schools—one in Chattanooga. Tenn.. and the other in Atlanta, Ga.—are now es- tablishe consideration. 5 The Southern Commercial Congress is making an effort now to have a consul from each Latin-American country placed in ¢ seacoast city of the United States. This step already has proved its value, Dr. Owens states, in the trade which is brought to those i cities which maintain consulates. ! ERE The Sfate Department is sending in- ctructions to the embassies and le tions in Guatemala, Salvador. Nicara- gua. Honduras. Cosia Rica, Panama. Colombia, ‘Bcuador. Peru, Bolivia and Chile to formally invite the governments of those countries to send their dele- gate o the Pan-American congress on ducation, which convenes in Honolulu August 11 under the auspices of the Pau-Pacific Union. The program of the congre clude the discussion of the possibilit and needs of education in each country. Viewed from the standpoint of theit civilzation, form of government. y and natural re- | < will in- 5 The States commissioner of education will preside at the congress. ok Hawalian music. which has proved so popular in_this country, now encounters a rival in Ecuadorean native music, jus making its_introductory strains in this country. The audiences which attended 2 local theater here. lust wee what is perhaps the first public rend i Southern | , and plans for more are under week heard | in - - tor in the Qui E dor. t fall by first celebration of an centennid! at the Pan-American Union building * k% % Senor A. Barnet, € to China, passed through Wasl last week id a visit Department officials ther Manuel de ¢ Lere nor Barnet declared the people of China are extremely grateful for the assistance which has been iven by the people of the United States in th famine situation. About 000,01 people in the northern prov suffering, he said * x om hix way to Hav of courtesy to the and was introduced 14 by Senor Dr. Carlos. spedes, Cuban ministed * hundred business men of Argenays are 1o visit the United Stateg thi; summer on an_cxtensive tour whieN™ will take in the principsl manufaesy turing cities and farming districts o the country. The trip is beink ar® ranged by an American tourist agenciked The party will leave Buenos Aires inss el the rowhich sails o 2. comin nd reachsss Anam; New about May > party probably will Wash ™ ington. It will leave New York iwh the middle of July. P ¥ % % % £ The stute of Saopaulo. Brazil, hasy negotiated a loan of $30.000,000 is Holland, England and the Unite States. Amerfcan banks. principallyng those in New York city, are offering, for xale bonds in the sum of $10,000. 000, which represents the amount bor rowed in this country. % ¥ % The United States government. ikw has been learned, will stand behin Costa R in the diplomatic negotia tions 7 ) progress between thate country and Great Britain over thess Amory oil concession. granted during, the Tinoco regime, which would make Great Britain the real beneficiarsas through its oil imterests “q- gt called concessions extend into Salva- dor and other Central American terriEs tory. v derstood - - w The State Department is un 1o be preparing a report on the mat>* ter which will be presented to theal Senate foreign relatios committe This report will state, it is said. tha as neither the United States nor Greal Britain ever recognized the Tinoce government. the nationals of neither / this country nor of Great Britain are entitled to diplomatic support in bewyy Lalf of titles they claim to propertiegy acquired under concessions grante during the Tinoco regime. - Several months ago the British min, ter to Costa Rica, Mr. Bennet. ac- companied by Cap eoftrey Blak British naval attache here, arrived i e Central Am ‘an country o e tion eruiser Cambrian, which has® remained in Costa Rican waters evei: since the delivery of the Brk(l_‘(h n |L’. to emphasize its demands = was expresscd here at the tim threat implied in the dispatch of war vessel, seemingly to obtain re.. pudiation of the cancellation of ti#® Tinoco concession. e * % ¥ | The American Chamber of Com- ! merce for Brazil is fathering a move- ment to present a.memorial in they name of the American people to Bra Zil, on the occasion of the celebradue {ion of that country's first centeniryugy in_Septemiser, 1922 o drhe. CLLCUlAT »ge0t to_ this countr{ie which cont ah appedl that Ameri- ¥a cans subscribe to the purchase o !Such a memorial, cites the fact tha When America Gelebrated her frst ®: ntennial in Philadelphia, 1876, the o s only country which was represented I by its chiel xecutive was Brazil. smperor Dom Pedro Tlwss “The eyes of the world are turned toward Brazil,” states the circular® “This countty is to be. in this cominga century, what the United State < America became in the last. Brazil™® and the United States are particular] st Croxely reluted, geographically. oy litteally and economically.” - % % % o Private_motor car owners in AFLS gentina have formed a limited lia3d= Lility corporation to secure independesi; ance of the profiteerinz elements, Withee, which every motorist by pecessity must contend. The - orga ond the person of tiom of this music by a theater orchestra | which is capitalized at 1.000.000 pesos,gy in the United States. The brought fo the United States York, a former instruc- 1 | (Continued from First Page.) 1 3 e Harding's and President and having the Commerce fintention of with garagé al urnish members : . oil, gasoline and supplics will servic | eost. = - PLEDGES ARE TO BE MET BY THE EXTRA SESSION: As honus mit con: from the iy diers. which “hig question.” involving derabic discussion, especially nne to how funds will be raised 1o pay, to and from the deck, complete united into one de- Navy department set of shops for erecting. repair, en- o the bonus, -~ partment of defense, with gine testing and overhauling of planes. cranes for picking up planes from the water, storage for fuel and other airplane ‘supplies, ammunition storage and handling facilities, etc. Capt. Thomas T. Craven will be re- lieved as director of nav cranan- tics tomorrow, and will probably be 1 and in practically every corner of the | assigned to command the South Caro. lina. now in an inactive status at Capt. Craven will be s director of aeronautics illiam A. Moffett. who has been on duty in Washington. Opportunity for Aviation Dutsy. Officers who have completed three vears' duty are eligible tion service. The age nmit (e thiris one years for heavier-than-air train- 5 and thirty-five vears for lighter- than-air training. The next class for instruction will begin July 1. Officers desiring to enter must report imme- diately to their commanding omcers for physical examination. Requests for duty must be filed in the bureau of Navigation not later than April succeeded by Capt. W recent Replace Receiving Shi It has been decided by the Navy Department to close the receiving station at Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, and revert to the old system of making use of the receiving ships. This plan will necessitate the use of a vessel of the armored cruiser class. Pressure was brought by citizens of Brooklyn to induce the Navy to relinquish the property now occupied as a receiving station, but which was intended as an extension of the city's parking sys- tem, and among the officials, at the department the opinion r three distinet divisions for ‘Army. !Navy and aviation are illustrations of the administration’s program for {departmental reorganization to make ithe federal budget system more ef- [fective. 1 Congress has passed a bill provid- ling for a joint commission to investi- gate and report a_scheme of reor- ganization. One of the bills to be considered by this joint commission. of which Senator Smoot is chairman is fathered b: presentative Frank Reavis of Nebraska, “e cha man of the House delegatic~. This proposes to establish a department of public works in which would be con- solidated all of the engineering auc- tivities of the federal government. Reclassification of Employes. Wnile the reorganization plan being worked out, reclassification of the jobs and pay of the Kovernment employes will not be sidetracked. Re- organization and reclassification are |complementary, according to Repre- sentative Frederick Lehibach of New Jersey, chairman of the committee on reform in the civil service. He sees no reason for waiting until the activi ties of thé various bureaus and de- partments have been reorganized be- fore taking up the question of classi- fying the employes on the character of work they do, prescribing quali- fications for their respective tasks. and fixing uniform salaries for such work. They are | the administrative depa | government, but comp { other. and ought to be currently. Represent intends to press for « nsider: of a comprehensive schel i ification. The principal result {would be a great increase in the ef- i ficiency of the personnel. and it independent reforms in rtment of the ments of each Lehlbach e question of hospitali- zation for ev-Service men is dodk the attention of Congress. . . dy been done by Con- gress pital facili tered that the 4 service be given. The leaders in are agreed that there must tralization somwher. dier activitie The some modification of it. is cerfain tany dopted, but many 1 that Con- should o mach further. ¥m In this connection it is pointed oumm that after the ¢ 1 war the l(o\'l‘r“"‘. ment built ten b-:nches of the solE diers' home, and there concentrated all the hospital treatment for mo than 20,000 « patients. As 1ime passes, the republican leaders presm, dict. it will be found that an_increas: ing number of men who served imdi¢ the world war will need homes. Thesut are planning to have the government now concentrate in one organization all authority to care for the ex-serv- ice man. One thought is to take the present beard of managers of the. sold homes and put on it repre- sentatives of the veterans of ¢ zers hill, o ! world war, 80 as to let the men themssp selves have a veice in Uie institutiofy, that cares for their comrades, in th same way as has proved so successfulian for veterans of the civil and Spanishy,, American wars. e Admission of Allens. i An effort will be made to develop ™ a plan of probationary admission andwit: registration of aliens to safeguardes American society from undesirables and to protect American standards of industrial life. Probably the first bill to be calleds up for passage in the extra session,. will be the omnibus naturalization bill, which was on the calendar, wher'™ the Sixty-sixth Congress-closed. Thingw prevailed | would also lead to the elimination | .yel naturalization easier for tho: that, however great was the need of | of those who have no real duties to | (0 0 ha he naturalized and makes. o separate receiving station as a war measure, in normal times it is pref- erable to have the distribution and transfer of enlisted men within the navy yard proper. within easy access to the vessels which are docked there. The return to the old-time receiving ship, racks surrounded with ample space for drill grounds and exercise, is not relished by the receiving station au thorities, but there seems to be no al- ternative open to them. The training station at Gulfport, Miss., aiso on leased ground. will probably be relin- quished in the near future, as the needs for training facilities' are re- duced. In view of the very limited number of apprentice seamen to be recruited in the next year or more, there will be no occasion for the re- tention of any training stations other than those at Ham| Francigeo and the after occupying spacious bar-| perform, who are inefficient. or those Yho are slackers. Representative Lehlbach will also try for early ac- tion on his bills correcting defects in the administration of the civil service retirement law due to mis- construction and maladministratio As a general proposition there is op- | position to amending the retirement law unt {5re made in the light of experience. { Legisintion for Soldiers. Soldier legislation must be taken the extra session. because the il'a full opportunity has been | Jjkely to receive early action in the ¥ | given for a test and until any chankes | extra session. { it extremely hard for enemies of this® form of government. It provides ams system whereby if @ man falsifiesys: his provision or final oath his nat: uralization may be revoked. It cor rects several processes of naturalizaeh tio 4 it Anu honest advertising bill is ‘l% This is fathered b; Renresentative Rogers of Massachushy: setts, und hearings have been heldu, upon it by the House committee o interstate and foreign commerce. 1407 would apply to all commodities thew analogy of the pure food law to pres, vent_misbranding. .1t ig drafted on the principle that no person in sell: ing has a right to misrepresent wha¥h {he sells. It extends to shoes. linenmus goods, and all other.commodities ti principles that have worked so Wi for fitféen years in regard “te"’ foods. oy el 3 p new administration is so pledged. Passage of the measure fathered by Representative Johu J. Rogers of Massachusetts to-consolidate soidier agencies failed in the closing days of the Sixty-Si¥th Congress only for lack of time, 4 There is a general sen- timent for iffboth in and out of Con- gress, and fihe Rogers propbsal fits in well wi blican scheme