Evening Star Newspaper, February 13, 1921, Page 55

e ~ MAGAZINE SECTION o FICTION @rht %unflély %tfif $29,000,000 cach; six battleships, cost- projected in any marine installation ) i z ective e e 0 0 ve ing about $38.000,000 each: ten scout D ,‘.““ of th p cruisers, costing approximately $7. 300,000 each, and twelve fleet sub- reau 0f"nKi!|Pfll:llll~'dl'!l\ nstrates t marines, costing in the neishborhood | the h:\n]m.hyp\&v\\' )IT\I; A §4.000,000 eagh. Some smaller craft | tained the highest merlt | are inchided in the program. but the | ing for the year of any ove mentioned vessels comprise the | Made a saving of 15 per e Hisd i ot used per mile, as compared handling gear has been removed from | to this weakness in ships of this Th h the Wat taT d Rate of S d—The Landl Uni vV the boat ‘and n itx place is beink | class we would e handicapped i — — | |erected a fiying deck, which will be |conducting atincks again em roug e Water at a I'remendous Rate ot dpee e Langley, a Unique Ves= | |srecte’s fying aeck ‘shicn it be |condurtine atlucics aiainat the encms s wat line, extending from bow to The United States Navy will he e } sel—The New Fleet Submarines and Their Great Size. {1 [aterm & icnpuhof sboug s28 font and upenion to she dapances initothL on: irr power. The completion of tests by the bu- parisons of the Great Fighting Vessels—Masses of Steel and Armor That Go | |5 T T o v "t BoNi e A ol e sive N Part 4—6 Pages WASHINGTON, D SUNDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 13, 1921. BY H. 0. BISHOP. 1 60,000 horsepower: that is, double the i . over American sailors have the rep-] bartleship force will be sufficiently N = s i most powerful clectric drive ingtal- ‘ . : . o WiAtion 'oF bring Wil Noused < o | Bowertol to cope it an navy in accordance with the naval pro-|jutions previously designed, and in HE C f V 1 ’I'h W 11 B h V L W d N lA h — | | The queerest looking boat of the the world in a main foet cngagement gram adopted by Congress in 1916, the Dattle eratsers, 180.000 horsepower i onstruction o essels at b e the Ver y ast ord 1n ava rcni entire Navy will be the Langley, for- between battleships, vet our main there will be added to the Ameri is to be carried by four o ctrically || I " | |merly known as tne Jupiter. The fieet would be’open to torpedo_at- ¢ . | driven shafts. is is by fa e | A | Langley (S0 named in honor ack by the v's torpedo forves. ¥ in the comparative near fu- | ST Torsepower per shaft, so far [ | tecture, Armament and Comfort—The Bulldmg program—lnterestmg Com=) | ot oamed b honer Ol iE lie Ty s cmyis ispedo s e ture battle cruisers, costing about ' as this bureau is aware, that has been I .\'miihso?hn hlnstilu!' n) r"as d»; taining information of the enemy's signed for the purpose of CArrying | movements and maintaining the | T t of fuel with a A | | sixty-five feet. This deck will be a [of nearly two and a half to wne . 1f flush all over so as to make an ideal | Japan should build her program proje “big features of the new work ) tileship. g rv | similar * turbine driven ba These vessels will all be the very | Similar = turbi Y aison. (This % ik and landin i o 18t word in naval architecture, arm- | Which was second in comparist: T4 platform for fiving off and landing. led but not yet authorized the ratio s and o t Nowhere | is at least an indication of ¥ Means will be provided on thi uld be 1 i s e «ment, speed and comfort. e | vernment thinks of, the advantages for rigging an arresting device 10} United States. We will be superior in facilitate landing. Catapults for|total ships, destrovers and submie n all the world will there be & fighting vessels that can equal or ¢ cel them in any In designing d construc fighting marvels, the nav have take advantage of ev, taught by the world war. This neces- ny changes frofn projecting the planes to Eive them . but inferior in battle e The necessary speed for flisht will |ana light cruiserer’ Duitle cruisers also be provided on this deck forward | Great Britain, the United States and and aft. z Japan hold the ieadership over all An elevator will be installed forlother nations in naval power The hoisting the planes from below to the | 14147 effective fighting strength of flying deck, and around this elevator | these three navies today ie sa fol. of the electric dr . In order to move this u mass of steel and armor plate througn the water at the virtual express rate speed of nearly forty miles w‘r'h"'\‘l"_- cizht huge electric motors. eac feet in diameter, weighing power ¢ tremendous pad sariiy required m i 5 ; %6 pounds, with a hors 2 e arig Oener in- ity o et i paiss a palisade Will be provided to form | lows: e six battle cruisers were in- S eller shafts cind-break for protection to the| G : e B we tn each of the four propelle wi k sreat Britain, 1586442 tons i ¢luded in the three-year program au- “:L\ o e he number of motors planes while being assembled. RS in a Two cranes with large outreach. United States. 779,193 tons, in a total nt ad- mo- + thorized by the act of Ausust 29, T 1916, four of them to be besun as U <oon as practicable. The beginnins of the fifth was ordered in the act of one on each side of the vessel. will be | of 330 xhipe provided to hoist aircraft out of the| = jon, Hy water and land them on the hangar| gyl deck, which s the deck next below | “Tho tonouge and number of ships in . even on the largest pr setrically propelled — superdr ghts. The full force of these mo- is capable of turning over the 596 tons. in a total of 43 March 4. 1917, This was A% 30 revolutions per ,. tropelier blades at 320 revolu ” signed to the naval vard. Philad:l- |[PTODS A %000 horscpower the fiying deck. Beneath the AYIng | the authoiieg g aumber of sh phia. on March 16, 1917 and contr minute. exerting 130. 15 deci Traveling “craned witl be pro- | joh rorized building programs fol- Were placed during Aprii and LEheiRhalt] § aadl clahty L thousandil ided for Noiating planes out of the (G55 0 e tone, § for the first four vessels. R S leciiic. enerey 118 hold and for transferring them fore | o¢ 3o Iritain. T6.880 tons, in a total and aft to the shop spaces and eleva- | I'nited States. $42.109 tons, in a total tor. Shop facilities for repairing the | or yag“ G0 to supply light and power to clude machine * & ok One of s tv for con- a city of 700,000 populatio 3 WING to the mecessity for con- 3 U1 of FR0% L% Synee, it ans planes will pan. 323460 tons, in a total of 41 centrating the work of ShiD chored in the Potomac river, would wing repairing shop. molding spac ships building uponm destroyers and other cene almost tw as much ru]x: metal shop and various storerooms. Tn the case of Japan. 368.370 tons of care of the * %k % 68 hips are projected and hava been ing gasoline and lubricating oils 10| plivion In 1437 § e 1o o \WITH the development of greater | various stations on the hangar deck |as fallaw & BRReEs wDiad Foriiy ange of |and fiying deck. eal Britai . which in turn supply electric current | wake of her periscope, and a wenl | SPeed. armament and range of i &5p Rl hine has been rearranged | Tniten conion 160 200 10 1wo main motors, one on cach main | aimed shot smashed the protruding |Action. however, the scope of their g, g not to obstruct the Aving deck | Tapan gae0s8 shaft. i The 17-1 dived Dblindly to operations has been broadened. d S d to keep the smoke clear of the| "o this must be added 268 0 When operating yubmerged the ves- | A few moments later she Owing lo their low visibilily, they |flying deck, in order not 1o iBterfere | pratrc-ad Lo Samen o o 60.0001 ce] will be propelled by the two u|31n! 1 e s ed to ta smaller craft; no work on the battle Tent is required p demands of the whole ) DOy e ~ cruisers was undertaken prior to the {inaNtS O G W HE hold spaces are being refitted | (,"0700 55, 0 SPTETIMANG DAL o8 armistice, and it was then determined | it is that these vessels not 1(1'"] "K{;;";I for the stowage of aircraft andg h‘w-n made for thess ships. 1f com- -consider their design, which had crate this power, but actuaily abs g L I . aories. alreratt ammunicipleted: Sspan would hav % oriEinally contemplated vesscls of it all for their own use. The amount TWELVE FLEET SUBMARINES OF THIS TYPE HAVE BEEN AUTHORIZED. THEY WILL COST ABOUT $4000,000 EACH. their aceessorien Siraalt AmmERL G GO K30. with 108 shipa o " * about 33.300 tons and thirty-five of current used ';? 41r|‘\-.- lhrmn';l;\‘l.l;"l’:f l:m- inclu ""{l_ "‘r« In ‘02_0“- ‘pmm this it is seen that if we com: > spev S0 as yrovide e W at 1y arge . = CRRLEE N " 5 & ship’s ammunition. fuel oil, = - rte o pe R e e el e Ty L [N Erert Newe Shibullding Company h;*(: gperations consists of two main | with oniy one periscope, until, after close (o an_ cnems and launch 2 et easor favarer [ e Tanarats | Iniath Mooa mot AL e B details the importance of which had = The design of the electric installa- |5 husetts, at ehom Shi sel _engines located in the after |the sinking of the I'-15, the Germans | torpedo unobserved. 2 = e 5 .| building program, and if Japan com- i< under |building Company. Quincy, Mass. part’ of the hull. driving directx on | began pulting more on’ their Vessels. | RURTE { system will he provided for distribut=} )y 0t e s Tob Soms been demonstrated by nava P\;‘v‘l’!}: tion for the ‘Nll\l‘lr‘ lrr!,l‘nsv‘-_rxm world war. Work the direction of W. L. imme the = - was formally. suspended on March 7. sulting engineer of the General c- [ these battleships ar 1919, and the details in question were | tric Company and p r in the de- iA:nzm between perpendiculars thoroughly investizated by the Sec- 'velopment of the electr % . B con-| The principal charactéristics of {the main shafts, and two auxiliary | During the early stages of the war engines in the forward part of the the U-15 attacked a British squad- boat, driving electric generators. ron. hut revealed herself by th ence during the Sttt orsepon A | but not vet authorized. makine A grand tofal for that country of clectric motors, taking current from Armament: 14 powerful storage batiery. It 1s] 3 1.032.426 tons Twelve 16-inch guns, in four turrets, stimated that the surface fheed un- | - 4 Xteen - 00h g i, lder full power will exceed twenty 7 : . r 3inch guns (anti-aire c ar F t nearly ha - nch guns (anti-aireraft). knots an hour and tt nearly half % % - :\ames of Months. Two Zl-ineh submerged torpedo tubes., that speed will be attainable in sub- b All of these vessels will be merged condition. ‘The fucl capacity | > % of the ship is such as to provide for | s . P : - THE names of the twelve montts carry the mind back to Roman ti January comes from Janus. He was a Roman deity and was wor- shiped as the god of doors and gates He also presided over the opening o each day and had an important hand, S0 the old Romans believed, in the }commencement of all human under. takings. He was represented as be burners. with ric drive. Their ! complements will include about sev- |2 radius of action of approximately | enty officers and about 1,500 chief|10.000 miles, the vessel being entirely petty officers, enlisted men and ma- | S¢l{-supporting during that tim rines. Though an_American built the first Following are the names assigned | Practical submarine and Americans to the ten scout cruisers. construction | have been foremost in its develop-| of which was authorized by Congress | ment, the Diesel engine, which made in the 1916 building program. Mil.|Possible the modern. ocean-going type | waukee, Cincinnati, Raleigh, Detroit,| 0f Submersible, is the invention of a Richmond, Concord, Trenton, Marble- | German. The German navy refused head and Memphis. to adopt the submarine so long as| X The new scout cruisers are 533 feet | there was only gasoline to propel it} ing two-face s inte 6 inches in length over all; breadtn |OD the surface. The U-1. forerunner| ithe p e b et at water line, 55 feet: dispiacement. | Of the long line of U-boats, which was | £ past And Mnte She Dathen SEERON I 500 tons; draft, 14 feet 4 menen: the scourge of the seas during the| when Julius Caesar rearranged the '1,‘,",,,.' twelve Six-inch gun ‘“,0!~<:;‘rl> ’n:;rlx";.g the Wn;n W ‘T :u(‘ Iaun(‘ri Roman calendar. which calendar we three-inch anti-aircraft guns, two, ¢4 Uil 1906, after Dicscl had got his| have inherited. he named the first three-pounders; saluting guns, twe|M0tor into practicable working con-| machine guns, two boat guns, two]dition. i torpedo tubes (twin twenty.one inehy. | The advantazes of the Diesel en- shaft horsepower, estimated 90,000 | %in€ over the gasoline motor ar { (turbine reduction gear), and speed | thet it £ives inore power, uses iabout 33.7 knots. cheaper grade of fuel and is much The new fleet submar! less dangerous. Three out of cvery all others look umulll“eju:'(”lamf.r“.|["“r atrokes of theipision offa gasos years ago the famous U-boat Deutsch- | }ile motor waste power instead of Jand startled all America by coming | Preducing it while the Diescl is of across the Atlantic and landing at|3, tWorc¥tle engire. gaining power New London, Conn. Her site sunStre, |On every second stroke. g mendous power amazed cverybedy | ThFee periscopes of the latest im- month, or the “opening” month, in jhonor of Janus—or, as he was called in_Latin—Januarius. February has sometimes been called the ‘fever month” because at that time of year the Roman marshes were thought to be- especially- unhealthy. But the faeg igsthat February is not related to. “febris,” or fever, from which we getvalpo the words “febril” and “febrifuge:” The month of Feb. ruary was named from “februus.” which means cleansing or expiation, The new fleet submarines, however, are not only more than 100 feet long- proved pattern will form part of the equipment of the fleet submarines, and each vessel will be provided with because at that period it was the hab- it of many Romans to hold a festival of expiation. March, before Julius Caesar made over the calendar, was the first month er and of nearly 1,000 toms greater i » atest Ly, | 1 g::(nlaarc;er:‘e;&!s:?z:fl r‘l:xe llk'uuvhland- :)'L::fll“bo:h Io)rp(;urt;;cerimcg ;‘fufn‘f-'é‘ifl vi nots faster. work. The idea of the periscope w’rgiep;:fims"g:fl::. contempiates dates from themidale ot {he mine- of the Roman year, and. having such ve fl ines, e | teen cen . when French an = - A v TH : 5 S kmown as T-boats and nin- a& V-|Duteh inventors experimented with | THE' LANGLEY, AN AIRCRAFT CARRIER. ONE OF THE ODDEST LOOKING VESSELS OF THE NEW FLEET. )4 Xs honored with the e LT oo oF built by the r’;},.m"'." ® .arte being | them. During the civil “war, when the most pggminent Roman gods n Martius, or Mars, the god of war. it by at Company | the monitor Osage had run aground of New York and three of the V-bonts | | Red river, her chief enginees |attempted a quick “porpoise dive” ' are now becoming of utility in night|with making a landing. This will b: - retary of the Navy and the chiefs Emmett was the designer of the first|are being built by the I'nited States | theias Doughie, ,.,,,h.”:,’(.:(_,]'“j",':‘ D o) the| sustace aldl dowal Seeii B o e iartace: 1o lfi.—yl. CHmOliEhes b mroifing? A stior A N e e ,of the tephnical bureaus who accom- «iectrical installation for the overnme it at the Portsmjouth navy | seope. from a piece of three imeh |in an effort to locate her enemy. This 'are useless for underwater attack |smoke pipe on tach Side, clear of the el e deleaier S paried him abroad in the spring of now in operation on the U. S. iyard, work having been sfarted on sioam pine and bits of looking lher |time she was given a broadside and after nightfall because the periscope | fiving deck. The branches will he in ot R e 1919, The whole matter was Subse- Mexico | them early in 1920, Last August bids by menns of which the warghip.|a shell tore a great hole through }is practically blind at nizht |l'n nnected so that the smoke c S i, s g S uently considered by the general The battleships like the cruisers. | were opened for the rematning six | commander was abie to Took oot [er deck. The increase in the number of tor- | always be d rzed on the lee side | e e ¢ board. including the advisability of will be driven by four pro jand these bids are now under consid- | high banks of the river and repulse| Owing to the comparative recency | Pedo tubes and the greater power of{One of the smoke pipes will be ar |0 5 UG 00 il growth of yegetu- : torpedoes carried, together with the ianged to hinge downward when con | 702 Tt o3er the gXowih of Teretes distinct equipped. however, witn but four in- type, which the board recommended, steid of vight moiors of 15.000 hosse- but with modifications to provide ma- power euch and with a shaft horse- erially Ereater protection against power of 60,000, 4 gunfire and underwater attack, with | The total weight of the propulsion building battle eruisers as larger gun power, also has tended to | sidered necesssry to discharge the] -°n° el ¥ s - . hcreass their utility In engagements | smoke near the water; the other is |, cres Tiled Bver the rowth of those with sur(z’vvhships.‘ 3'hp fleet \xuh» P -d to discharze the smoke| 7 j) “ioreals ™ marines of the United States Navy lownward through a water spra he 2 pesholnth i ralcn Yy N Fough g L June. which had been the fourth |carry five-inch guns. wiich are! A radio outfit will be provided, car- i, oS8 UGS ST SR L9 TOATCR increased displacement and Corre- apparalus of the cruisers will be ; : . . : #ponding loss of speed. about 1.400 tons and about $00 tons . Grin 4 ; : : larger than those ordinarily placed ried on masts swhich are capable of | i (The act of July I 1915 directed for the battleships. ~The cruisers will | |- . , 4 . - _ : {on submarines. being completely housed below the [*GINMNE 00 uny centuries had the beginning of the sixth battle carry 18500 feet of clectric main ca- . Z 2 i s . . One decided advantage which the |flying deck. An auxiliary radio outfit|ycon” ialled Quintilis, or fifth month S e ncd 0 oDl waishing 221780 pounde.) snd the o 7 G : new American craft will have is that has also been provided so that the '(.o.nting feem March). had its name navy yard, Philadeiphia. on ay | battleship 5,600 feet, weighing 68, ” : 4 7 s o her submerged torpedo tubes are not | Planes can be communicated with | 2V 0 0%, order of Julius Caesar as following, under the same conditions ' pounds of the type know s “fixed.” s | When the main radio outfit is housed. " 4 e e ae T o ot ihase bt | Every american is deeply interested |2 memorial to him. 25 those which preceded it. Revised TEE . o . W 2 th ich preceded it. ~Revised . i v S 2 4 means that when one of these craft ° ic : i August was called by the Remans ”f.nlhefldr(:n‘r(:nb:x I BOTH types of ships, in addition to - . o i i e ;vlshes e unrf afiorpedo e will_|mln :9:,36'%:(;3‘:'"\5:{?3“{;’::pi‘::s"{a";; “Sextilis” or sixth month until August T om beptembar 5 1910 0x described. will carry auxiliary turbine . tube, as is the case with practically | this question Secretary Daniels said:loq (nat the mame of the month ba Ledgth between perpendicalars ... 50 feet | EEMETAtors for the creation of etec- c i it A all_other submarines t is not always possible 10 an-{.p.nced to Augustus, hence we get (e s fawses feeci scn ] o , . G e Special attention is understood to|Swer this question accurately, for we i oy over al e tric for all other uses except pro- / 7o . i ‘ X ‘ ’ bhave been given to the problem of |40 mot always know whether all the |“§IENSL L o i per November and making the new submarines as near- | building authorized has been under- |, comper fetain the very ancient Rreadth, extreme .. ; in ceve...3] feet Dulsion or whether all the data of Mean draft. about Insplacement. abont 5 . tons | One of the most interesting features sl d £ G 4 4 Pt 7 s : ly immune as possible to depth bomb | taken o Roman names signifying the seventh, £haft horsepower. estimated o2 J80000 G f thy ele is the operation | s < 2 ‘ ; o % explosions. On this subject, how- |all nmations have been made public. | 3ONER WO ES MECTNINE THC SCRERER, seeeesaenenn. 3035 KNOWS| of the o bparatus at different | P g ; v £ & ever. Navy officials are not’ doing|But as 1o the large nations the in-{}.cause of the manner in which Julius IS or the arrangement of motors | - ; i i s i e much talking, as the method of at- |formation o a2 "“,";““- Caesar altered the calendar they are e o vt wors. Tihe specifications of | # 7 7 G i ~ o . e | || tatnins L ichis® tmmunity Sis | sccret e A A et rter: [now really the ninth. tenth, eleventh and . in et ecifcutionsich . “ - . i 2 e E ickness of armor. far from pro- | Mine el § - | twelrth mont crator operating four motors must | o , ” e 7 1 e W tecting the craft from an under- | mation. it is found that when the drive the battle cruisers at nineteen . i 7 3 ‘s : o 7 " » 27 ] | water expiosion. has just the onpo- |buiiding progrime se authorised and : N 2 inel above-water torpedo tubes Knots. two generutors operating four 2 s 1 e PR TR s o Z s S 2 Site effect. the armor being driven |T & completed. c H Aboi rmalcy. eeseion e aita tits erators and eight motors 25 LE. CRUISERS ‘PE 2 UNDER CONSTRU sy 2 VG- | Projectile if the explosion is within, “In major ships and reat gun- | -ELE \G with electric drives and auxiliaries. T ght motors at from 25 RS OF THIS TYPE ARE UNDER CONSTRUCTION. THEY WILL BE NAMED LEXING- | Projectile £ th \power ax compared with the British | :m:s‘r l‘-‘.ILhCT :L\RDL\uI dia 3 mot coin he wory “normaley.” 2S. APPROXIMATE [ \nother feature to which American | navy the United States will be su- designers have pald particular atten. | pel In total tonnage and effective | though he brought that form of the tion is that of habitability. Careful flshting ships the United States will | worid “mormal” into public notic: etailed v was gi | b 2 equal to Grea 5 e and detailed study was given all |be s o at| nd made it familiar. It may be AND UNITED STATE be provided for '¢ full speed, or 32.6 k TON, SARATOGA, CONSTELLATION, RANGER,WCONSTITUTION oMictes, da 2 The battle cruisers will each be| ¢ T i o239 | cquipped with no less than four ture | COST: $39/800,000 EACH Aceommodation abeut sixty men. Construction is now in prog- Line generator units driven by steam | ress, as follows Lexington. at Bethlehem Ship- from sixteen oil-fired Loilers. ThiS | eration. The subs are expe lania ck by 3.000 Confederate , 2 5 ritai S e tic - P | pparatus atis the elad HerEy 5 e pected to an attac by 3. ‘onfederates by of the development of the ocean-go- | types of foreign vessels dur the | Br 3 States Navy, Ruliding. Corporation, Quincy. Masx. "r[»‘ TALHE Created tlc exorey. f:’;fi.‘" the neigliborniood of $4.000.000 | fire ‘from the monitor’s cleven-inch |ine (ubmarinc, particularly of 4 1¥pe War and it mas be safely said that | however. will be considerably weaker | found in more than one of the oler Copstellation, o7t N Ship- | T0e & Baeach and e ch. guns, directe gh the periscope. 2 DA X ype| e fleet submarines will m than the British navy in light cru S & S et 1“2.‘,‘3‘1“;,;."\}“1“.‘,;;« srators. at ~ 4 Dfl;::,“:;, sch and ",“,"’j,ul:{i;:i * ok ok % So crude was the Periscope. how of sufficient speed and cruising radius | oo fortable for their lc'!ev‘t): than nd the other ships used for nro'.‘\i(‘;:{fi-’::;::ix‘ml!)ioune:\r;" ol;,epe(\:(u’; ¥ £ huilding Corporatior jret loas S ever, that as late as ohn F. to accompany the fleet, a system of | any other submarines in the world. |tecting the main body of the fleet and | 4 § . i deh, N. J.: Ranger, at Newport News | Per minute. HE designs for al \ & 4 Heorieetiy. g 5 ARy, 58 ) S e PR 4 0 2 find this: “The co-ordinates of.the g NewnorL N The six battleships of the North| T’ gn all the fleet sub-| Hollund refu scdite sdopeatt Stor his| tactics had not yet been completely | The emphasis laid by Navy officials |in conducting blockading operations. | niin' " of contact amd normaley. - Shfpbuilding Comp at mavy vard, Phi marines were prepared by Admiral copes on | worked out. The original function it is due to the belief |We will be slightly inferior in sub- | 2% < - ¥ : ; ightly i Normaley” may be found even in ‘nf the submarine was to serve as a|that efficiency of the average sub- |marines and will have no modern air- | some of the later dictionaries, rhere rolina class a now under con- the new American boats will enable truction as follows. South Dakota, | D. W. Taylor, chief constructor of the them to keep a lookout in all di- elphia, ¥ “daylight torpedo hoat’—that is. to [ marinc has in the past been ve aft carriers suitable for operating it is defned 4s the qualily, state or mited States, at navy vard, Phila - delphia, Pa tt navy yard, New York: Ind at | Navy, who has made a careful | rections at once and will also provida | lis broud daylight i i it he fi 4 vi g Sl ety D T s at| . ul study nee- ; accomplish in broad daylight that|greatly impaired by living conditions Wwith the fleet. The lack of fleet avia- | 1y et L o Tgubee AT A A S Stare M, Nominarat | of all existing tspes of foreign eraft. | PAres” i cass one should be dam- | which surface’ torpido boats were ex- | Wich' the - average layman would | tion forces will place us at . disad: O e e =y S Reu N aould represent ' lina, at navy vard, Norfo a, ing machine: T 5 ¢ pected to do under cover of dark- |consider unbearable. Tn this connec- ' vantage in comparison with Great | najization” “no e e Shead ¢ rould ‘represent ¥ rfolk; Jowa, at| The propelling machinery for sur-|""The first U-boats were equipped |ncss, fog or smoke—namely, to creep | tion it may be stated that the worid |Britain. This means that while our | Shis oeinee un aome “sateresting persons, Iying in a row, would repre- | things about the much-used word “ent the extreme width. When thei f - : 3 : - g = 5 { “normal”” Back in the days of the verage Washingtonian, and the hun- % BF 5 % 2 told Romans classic carpenters and : 1s of thousands of visitors to the | s : . : : musons used a form of thal tool National Capital gaze at the Wash- i . . . : - : . - | Which we call a “square.” They uscd ngton Monument. or walk up and! ' e e : - ; : it. as our carpenters and masons do, for testing or proving the trueness of their work. The Roman name fo that 100l was “norma.” Soon “norma came to stand for a rule or pattern i % : b 2 x or u standard of work. From that i : ’ : : o The Latins made the word “nor- . S malis,” whjch meant that which was in accordance with rule. Centuries aeact : : ) i ago the English language took over ; . 78 gy o - e the word ~norma” and changed it to e : " P - . - 1 | “norm.” meaning by it a right and “HE Capitol of the United States is | : - < . » e e o 1 i : i i : e o Roman word “normalis” we made | : . . . . ' s : i the word “normal.” which stands for | down its many steps. they get the sression that it i< one of the bi hings in existenee. In this @ -1 however. they ity | mistaken. If on e | cruisers could be stood on its nose wlongside of the Washington Monu- | ment, the other #fMl of it would tower 219 feet abov. 1 generally looked upon as a build- | g of monster dimens Never- that which conforms to a certain cless, if it were possible to do a! standard established by law or usage. ittle land cruising with one of these | new boats and the captain dropped | anchor on t} front of the bito) n that the Shameless Adolf. AN Army officer was talléing about <L Germany's latest attempt to get out of -treaty obligations. o The electrica wion of these hattle cruisers w nt “The war.” he said. “has tuught the i 1o Rear A ! Germans nothing. They're as bad as greateat horsepowe they used to be, They're as shame- less. too. T heen projected in any marine | installatior pectiv the type | “They're like Adolf. a handsome youth of twenty-three yearsy who : tive power | aking of these war was paying court to the rich sixty- of th #x new battles of the program. and emp; Vear-old widow, Mrs. John Copper- ol s Tired | Lo ‘Look here, Adolf a girl said to him reproachfully one evening., ‘you States pre-eminent among it 4 : . . v .‘:i.m- engineering, Admir. rir % Do e s soesis o BB o » Wi e Rt sl i X Hou ciibe 2 . iy i bim reproachiully_ohe cveniaE. 1 ai . , pper- “In se of th v b shi; N, 5 9 - o Y. ? fne Aoy fhe noy Pattleshins, the | SIX BATTLESHIPS OF THIS NORTH CAROLINA CLASS ARE UNDER CONSTRUCTION, COSTING APPROXIMATELY $38000,000 EACH. THEY WILL BE NAMED SOUTH DAKOTA, INDIANA, MONTANA, NORTH CAROLINA, | > Bt how slor ey 1'&“;'1&" aia 5 I I ST IOWA AND MASSACHUSETTS. : AdolL.”