Evening Star Newspaper, November 5, 1898, Page 17

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8; 1868294! % Ai@ES, EMPORER WILLIAM TO THE HOLY LAND All the Paths Have Been Well Worn by Royal Feet. cere ew EMPEROR WILLIAM'S PREDECESSORS Sega They Had a Much Harder Time Than He is Having. ——— SOME FAMOUS CRUSADERS HE PATHS WHICH the Emperor of Ger- is now traver: in mediaeval r sro- y combine® modern safety ny ma ing pomp, tesqu with and ease are al- h for and the in severat instances the cla ing metal bore narchs of his own stur " reute is the same. all else + and startling are the contrast ch have carefully d for the melodramatic progress ef erim of today were then rough and part the been so Where he ts did banquet rved by a sultan with they were served by a emissaries with potsoned viands. Cringing Turks obsequiously conduct the modern. crusader to the very entrarce of the holy sepulcher. Their ancestors grimly intruding Christians into nearer id showed them a shorter way to shered tombs. az heaven We are v on the stase history. A brief com; formance with the new t fail to be of intere Work of a Woman. | wing a modern specta clar play t tragedies of rison of the old per- } most timely, and nineteenth century crusader has a partner in his pilgrimage. folle > Is but ng the example of cessors, though the | s such as to encour- | first famous pil- { up at Jerusa- h drew all the an—Helena, mother | mperor who gave his name re William was lately feast- | bearing the cross upon their brea: millions. were rated at above six hundr>d thousand. staked out a camp with pa bones. orama of advancing hosts to the not find it impressive. uniformed bodyguard of glants, of which A’ CRUSADER. 's, has been estimated at as high a figure as The armed and disciplined f¢ Before them rolled an uncounted rabble of enthusiasts and thieves and tramps; and these are said to have perished in such numbers that th> true crusaders actually des of their Later, another vast “Coxey’s army” followed in their wake, and the ghastly track was again whitened by tne unlament- ed dead When we turn from this tr>mendous pan- yntemplate retinue of the Emperor William, we do Even that splendidly original itinerary was Richard the Lion-Hearted. ae Ss 2 eee ee. thet tic is 50, funtly proud (would uiaks Hut & ee ape ee cnancin was [Blaxed) Gull 7 aaciwtictanm ask waccisrareiail antCieue bleaching bones apd hedged with frey of Bouillon, reputed abl2 to split an Where William pauses to gaze on | ittidel from shoulder to hip at 4 single his predecessors halted to make | Stroke. But that fs only one cf the many disadvantages under which our hero labors from living in this incredulous and unro- mantic age. In Marked Contrast. Stull, the comfortable progress of William on his pilgrimage is a pleasant spectacl> ccmpared with the advance of those mill- tary pilgrims of an earlier date. A more atrocious warfare than they waged in the name of the Gospel of Peace it would bs hard to conceive. They bombarded the city of Nice with the heads of slaughtered pris- oners hurled from catapults. Refore An- ticch they made a practice of roasting spies. Possibly William may now and then ba surely tempted to emulate them in this mode cf dealing with these prototypes of the newspaper correspondent; but the mod- ern spy is more apt to roast the pilgrim. At last, after marching and counter- marching for months and years through famine and pestilence and feud and fire and carnage, the crusaders of old stood before the sacred city. The inhabitants did not then swarm forth to greet them, clamoring for backshish; fierce eres of defiance and showers of keen arrows were their wel come. Stout walls and heavy gates barr2d he it was, according to ught to light the forgot- fc e grave itself lay it the shrine to ore ich millions of crusaders d to Palestine, and to visit which m is parading in their track To Hieiena also a fantastic legend attributes discovery of that most renowned of “the wood of the true erc in de- of w human blood w to be 2 like water. that was many centuries later. In a's day Mohammed was not yet born. At the time of the first crusade, the great- and most amazing pilgrimage that the ever seen, the zealots of the Ko- n had long heid the Holy City, and the mosaue of Omar profaned the site of Solo- mon’s temple. An Avalanche of Arms. At last the war-like nations of the west were roused. It is said that a single cry will bring down an avalanche; and the frenzied eloquence of a monk set-in motion such an avalanche of arms and men as his- tory nowhere eis> records. “Europe was Icosened from its foundations and hurled against Asia.” ‘The array of horse and foot that stream- ed across Hungary and Bulgaria and swarmed beneath the walls of Constanti- nepls exceeded even the hosts promenaded by Xerxes. It was likened by those who saw {t to the leaves of the forest, the sands of the sea, the stars of heaven. The total rumber of those who left thair homes, the approaches which are now 60 easy. The keys with which they forced an entrance were huge engines wrought of timbers from a forest thirty miles away; long lad- ders and many-storied towers were their stepping stones. Once in, their celebration was a red carnival, in the midst of which their leader knelt in fervent prayer at the shrine of Him who taught only love and mercy; after which the devout champion rese and with equal fervor shed more blood. The royal pilgrim of today may be a trifle fond of theatrical display, but on the whole we prefer his methods to this. Mixed Motives. The motives of crusaders are in most cases mixed. Godfrey and his champions were faithful to their pledges, and delivered the city of our Savior from Moslem bond- age; but several of them incidentally carved out principalities for themselves in the land of thelr pious sojourn. The pro- mulgator of this latest and happily blood- less crusade, who {s certainly no joss am- bitious, has been credited by some with similar intentions. Time will show. In the first crusade there were many princes, but no kings. The second crusade Was conducted in person by tvo monarens, Louis VII of France’and Conrad NI of Germany. Both were unlucky. Louis—ac- cording to Gibbon—was surrounded by the enemy and driven up a tree like a coon. This strikes one as exceedingly French, thongs tha place was remote from Fash- a. Conrad also was enmeshed, “like a vic- tim crowned with flowers and led to the slaughter;” but he finally made his escape with the loss of most of his army. Both these doughty crusaders reached Jerusalzm at last, where they must have their prayers in a genuinely humbl2 mood. Famous Crusaders. The next royal crusader, also a German emperor, was still more unfortunate. Brave old Frederick Barbarossa, deserving of a better fate, was drowned in a little moun- tain torrent in Cilicia, far from his goal. These Cilician streams appear to have been as hostile to monarchy as Brutus himself; for another, close by, once made an at- tempt, which barely failed, on the life of Alexander. William will do well to give these watery assassins a wide berth; they are as dangerous, apparently, as the Itai- jan anarchists against whom he has taken such elaborate precautions. Only a year laier Richard the Lion-heart- ed and Philip Augustus of France both came to Palestine, and quarreled as French and English are wont to do. Neither got so much as a glimpse of Jerusalem, though they did succeed in taking Acre aftetT much trouble. This was hardly an equivalent for the holy city, however, for Acre might be called the Port Said of that day in the Matter of shameless vice. Philip, as is cus- temary with the French, soon evacuated the country. As to Richard, one is times tempted to think that he is Wil s chosen model of kingly virtues — but it would be cruel to press the comparison, and after all, William is much the better sov- ereign, though not likely to attain the same renown as 4 crusader. Met With Scant Success. The last German emperor who aspired to fame as a crusader, previously to the incumbent, was Frederick I], Fame he had hardly achieved, though he did succeed in entering Jerusalem and restoring it to Christian rule. But like William, he had become involved in a quarrel with the pope; and like William, he came off second best. As a reward for his eminent services as a soldier of the cross he was excommunicat- ed. A coronation in Jerusalem was the honor which he had proposed for himseif, but the city which he had rescued would have nothing to do with him. The patri- arch sullenly refused to take part in the ceremony, the Church of the Holy Sepul- chre was cheerfully draped in black, and the exasperated monarch was actually forced to crown himself ‘with his own hands. This as the net result of an expen- sive campaign was so disheartening that it is little wonder that the emperors of Ger- many thereupon suspended operations in Palestine for more than six centuries. William has not, on various occasions, shown himself a very enthusiastic friend to America, but we ish him joy in the peace- ful crusade which he is now consummating, nd much better luck than any of his pre- decessors in Palestine. IN THE CHURCHES Mention has heretofore been made in The Star that the Methedlst Protestant Church in the Maryland conference, of which the churches of the denomination in Washing- ton form a@ part, withcelebrate their seven- tieth anniversary one week from tomorrow Few churches in modern times, it is de- clared, have grown as has the Methodist Protestant. In this branch of Wes the Maryland conference has the honor of being the largest and most powerful in the denomination. The Maryland annual conference of the Methodist Protestant Church organized in St. John’s Church, Baltimore, Aprii 2, 182v, with ten preachers, no members and no it now comprises 145 preachers, > churches and parsonages, 25,00) mem- bers and nearly 30,000 Sunday school ars and officers. in the lase fifteen years, the only period of accurate record, they have lost by witrdrawals 4,430 members and received from other churches s members; have lost by withdrawals eleven preachers, and received into the itinerancy ninety-two preachers. It appears from an examination of the minutes that the last ten years have been the most prosperous in the history of the church. In that lime it has made a net in- crease in membership of 42 per cent; in itinerants, 23 per cent; in the value of church property, 36 per cent; in Sunday school scholars and officers, 42 per cent; in the amount raised for church expenses, 58 per cent, and in amounts raised for pi tors’ salaries, 35 per cent. It now owns church property free from debt to the amount of $1,100,000, and annually pays $193,595, or $8 per member, for the support of the church, and to the pastors an aver- age salary in money and house rent of $631 a year—this, besides providing a fund of nearly $100,000 to guarantee relief to super- annuated preachers, their widows and or- phans. At a banquet given by prominent Presby- terians in Pittsburg a few evenings ago, Rev. Dr. Wallace Radcliffe, pastor of the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church, Was personally presented to the guests. During the evening Dr. Radcliffe made an address, in the course of which he sald he thought it a happy coincidence that the banquet of the union was held on the day when all were asked to celebrate the close of the war with Spain. “We are now a great cosmopolitan na- tion,” said Dr. Radcliffe. “There is a Mon- roe doctrine, but there is also a McKinl doctrine, and imperialism is in the air. We are marching toward the setting sun, ad- vancing as we can, and we will continue to advance until the Anglo-Saxon of America shall meet the Anglo-Saxon of Europe somewhere in the heart of Asia. Then will be established imperial America.” The doctor spoke of imperial Presby- terlanism, and said he was not afraid of the word, and held that the motive of an institution justified {ts existence. He aa- vocated imperial America on a high plane, and prayed for imperial Presbyterianism as the sublime, commanding system of all church organizations. “The exercise of Presbyterian tmperialism will accomplish the most glcrious results for America and for the world,” said Dr. Radcliffe. ‘The church must go where America goes. The bugle blast has heen sounded. God's votce 1s caling onward. The hammer of God's truth is in the hands of the church, and the hammer must fall In Porto Rico, Cuba and the Philippines. In the expression of truth, in the declaration of the word of God, and in meeting our duty we cannot stand still.” The Rock River M. E. laymen’s confer- ence, which started the movement for ecual lay representation In the general con- ference, met a few days ago and resolu- tions were adopted expressing “delight that so many conferences have indorsed the Proposition for equal lay representation in the general conference. and that eighteen have given it a unanimous support: also expressing the hope that the Rock River conference would be added to the list: ap- preciation to the church for their cordial advocacy and support of the desires of the great body of laymen of the church to unite in carrying forward the financlal and spir- {tual Interest of Methodism: grateful thanks for the generous response of the brethren of the Rock River conference in promptly submitting to the other annual conference the proposition to so amend the constitution of the church as to provide for equal lay and clerical representation in the general conference; belief that the fa- vorable action taken by the conference.on the proposition was, in a large measure, attributable to the unanimity and cordial- Ity of the Rock River conference action: its pleasure, with thanks, for the splendid success which has attended the work of our association's officers and executive committee who have borne every respon- sibility and carried out all plans for the advancement of the laymen’s movement with wisdom, Christian courage and a zeal for the ultimate good of Methodism.” The attendance was very large, numbering near- ly 350 delegates. The commission which has been detailed by the home mission board of the South- ern Baptist connection to make an investi- gation of the condition of the properties of the board located in Cuba left this week for Havana, It was determined by the board to send a commission to Havana some time before hostilities were declared, and the. visit would have been made early last spring if the war had not prevented. The Baptists of the United States, it is understood, have some very valuable prop- erty in Cuba, which has been purchased from time to time through the agents of the home mission board. One of the prin- cipal pieces of property is the Baptist church in the city of Havana. This bulld- ing was formerly a Spanish theater, and for many years was one of the most popu- lar places of amusement fh the Cuban city. The Baptists bought the building about three years ago. There are other buildings in Havana which are owned by the home mission board, besides several residences and va- cant lots, all of which aggregate a total valuation of about $100,000. Rev. Dr. Diaz, the converted Cuban, who for many years was the agent of the home mission board, and who was also pastor of the Baptist Church in Havana, is'not now in the em- ploy of the board. He detided at the decla- ration of war that i€ Was his duty as a atriotic Cuban to aid‘in the war for free- lom, and he sent in his resignation and left for the United States, where he labored to create sympathy 'on behalf of the Cubans. feat The movement which ‘looks to the ap- pointment of a just proortion of Catholic priests as chaplains in the army is said to be growing in popularity, and it is be- lieved that at the coming session of Con- gress a bill will be passed which will give the President the necessary authority to make such appointments. Regarding this, a Iéader in the move- ment said: “There is no disputing the fact that, while very many of the soldiers are con- nected with the Catholic Church, there are but two or three chaplains who are priests. The subject will certainly be brought to the attention of Congress, and it is to be hoped that it will simply be necessary to explain the question properly to have jus- tice done the Catholic soldiers. It may seem strange that a dying Catholic soldier is not willing to accept the ministrations of a Protestant m'nister, but such is the fact, and in these days, when so much is being done te increase the efficiency of the army and to add to the comfort of the soldiers, this right should be accorded to the Catholic. “The government officials may be assured that nothing can add more to the comfort of the thousands of Catholic soldiers than to give them Catholic chaplains, to whom they can go to ecnfession with’ the confi- dence that results from Cathoiie teaching. Congressmen need not believe that the sol- dier is benefited when he approaches the tribunal of penance, but he will be asked to believe that the Catholic soldier re- gards that tribunal as necessary to his future happiness. When this fact is im- pressed upon the officials controlling the matter there surely can be no long delay before the Catholic soldier will have his spiritual interests as well cared for as has the Protestant.” The Young Men’s Christian Association will observe the week beginning the 13th inst. as a season of prayer for young men. This 1s in accordance with a suggestion from the American international conven- tion and the world’s conference of Young Men's Christian. Associations. The topics suggested are as follows: Sunday, special sermons in churches; Monday, in the Spirit of Prayer;’ Christ in His Communion Wednesday, “Like Christ in Hi From the World;” Thursday, “Like Christ in His Brotherly Love;” Friday, “Like Christ in His Love for the World;” Sat- urday, “Like Christ in His Consecration to God.” Tuesday, ‘ With God;” Separation —_-—_ THE MAINE AT HAVs Captain Sigshee Tells of Her Recep- tion in the Harbor. Capt. Sigsbee in the Century, In command of the Maine at Havana, I had but one wish, which was to be friendly to the Spanish authorities, as required by my orders. I took pleasure in carrying out my orders in this respect. The first Spanish officer to come on board was a naval lieu- tenant who represented the captain of the port. His bearmg was both dignified and polite (which, by the way, Is invariably the rule with Spanish naval offi s), but I thought he looked embar and even humiliated in carrying out his duty. I greatly regretted that such should be the case, and did all t I could to make him feel at ease. After the, arrival of a second Spanish Heutenant, whoviscemei to take matters more philosophically, and of a German lieutenant, the naval ficer who had arrived first appeared to lose his em- barrassment. I madevall the S required of me by usage, and was everywhere re- ceived with courte It is hardly to the point whether there was any great amount of actual friendliness for us beneath th2 surface. The Spanish’ officials on every hand gave us absclutely ‘all the courtesy to which we were entitled by usag2, and they gave {t with all th® grace of man- ner which is characteristic of their na- tion. I accepted it as genuine, It is not essential to enter here into the details of usage in connection with salutes. It is enough to say that convention requir- ed the Maine to salute, the Spanish national flag and also to selute Admiral Manterola. But such salutes are given only when it is known ‘hat they will’be returned. I there- fore deemed it prudent to datermine this point, although the visit of a Spanish officer to the ship would ordinarily be thought sufficiently convincing. In the course of eonversation with the Spanish naval officer who was the first to visit the Maine I said: “I am about to giv> myself the honor of saluting your national flag; from which battery will the salute be returned?” He replied: “From the Cabana.” With that as- surance both salutes were fired and return- ed. The salut? to the Spanish admiral was returned by his flagship, the Alphonso XI. Shortly after the arrival of the Maine I sent my aid, Naval Cadet J. H. Holden, ashore to report to Gen. Lee, and announce that I would soon follow. I promptly gave orders that no officers or men of the vessel should go ashore, unless by my express or- der. I desired first to test the public feel- ing, private and official, with reference to the Maine's visit. I made my visit to Ad- miral Manterola in full dress, with cocked hat, epaulets, &c, I landed at the Machina, the man-of-war landing, which is virtually at the Spanish admiral’s residence. ‘There was a crowd ass*mbled, but only of mode- rate size. There was no demonstration of any kind; the crowd closed in about me slightly. I thought the people stolid and sullen, so far as I could gather from an oc- casional glance, but I took very little no- tice of anybody. On my return, however, I noted carefully the bearing of the varions groups of Spanish soldiers that I passed. They saluted me, as a rule, but with so much expres really went fo- demonstration even by look. The same day I made my visit to G Lee, and arranged v.t%h him for my v the acting captain an® governor general, who at that tim> was Gen. Parrado, Cap- tain General Blanco being absent on a tour ef the fsland. It ts customary In the case of high officials to make the visit at an ap- pointed time. When I made my visit, on Jaruary 27, accompanied by Gen. Lee, ther2 seemed at first to be a probability of em- harrassment. We called at the palace of Gen. Blanco at the appointed time, and apparently nobody at the palace ‘knew anything about our appointment. The ever-present American newspaper man re- eved the situation; he ascertained that Gen. Parado was in a residence across the way, where he was expecting us. We premptly repaired the mistake, and were received by Gen. Parrado with great cour- tesy. He had a table spread with refre ments for our benefit. All of my official visits were returned promptly. Gen. Par- rado returned my visit in person, and ¥ given th2 salute of a captain and governor gene that is to say of the governor of a colony—seventeen guns, the same salute which is prescribed for the governor of cone of the United States. All visits were made without friction and with courtesy on both sides, and apparent- ly with all the freedom of conversation and action usually obser¥éd. | RR eee If you want work read the want columns of The Star. ion of apathy that the salute no not They made however, nothing. against me, ° PE, Gea A Trance of Sixteen Years. From the New York Herald. 7 Miss Elmire Marie Chafpentier of New Orleans, La., the last sixteen years of whose life have furnighed’a scientific prob- lem, ts dead. When nine years old she be- gan to sleep longer than was normal, and at the death of her little Brother, to whom she was passionately devoted, her sleep- ing spells began tobe ‘more prolonged. She was eighten years old at that time. Then she had an attack of fever and fell into a trance, which ‘Has ited for sixteen years, with intermissions. of two Hours daily, when she was fed. During these intermissions she was i the full possession of her faculties and appreciated her con- dition, Miss Charpentier was a daughter of Abnoir 8. Charpentier of Lobit Char- entier, one of the wealthiest commission iouses in New Orleans during the ante- bellum days. The war swept away their fortune, and her father died, leaving the family’s circumstances very sadly altered. For three days before her death Miss Charpentier evinced no sign of her usual wakening, and Dr. C, J. Lopez was called in. It was hard to determine if life was really extinct, for her condition while in the trances was deathlike. Every test was resorted to before her burial today. The case has attracted widespread atten- tion in the medica! fraternity. During the sixteen years of her trance she was awake 11,680 hours; unconscious 140,160 hours. She was conscious one year and ten months out of sixteen years. A HERMIT SCIENTIST Oliver Heavysides Seeks to Be Odd and He Succeeds. * ECCENTRIC MATHEMATICAL GENIUS It is Said That Only Six Men Can Understand His Books. aca eS LITTLE KNOWN ABOUT HIM 2 Written for The Evening Star. For pure eccentricity of charact2r Oliver Heavysides, the great English mathematic- jan, stands without a peer. Not only actions, but his very nature is ecc>ntrie. Some men are eccentric for mercenary reasons, because of the advertising which results therefrom; and other men ar> ec- centric, or at least considered so, simply because their methods are not the conven- tional ones approved of by society, but Oliver H2avysides is eccentric to the inuer- most core of his character. On the other hand, he is by no means a quack; he is legitimate, and is recognized as a great sa- vant by Lord Kelvin, Mascart and men of that class. He has been called the in lectual successor of Maxwell, and his achievemenis in the science of advanced mathematics seem to bear out the justice of this appellation. No one ever sees Oliver Heavysides, at least, no one can be found who has seen him for some time. He holds himself much like a veiled prophet, and his communica- tions have the spirit of the letters of Ju- nius. He is no Junius, however. He is a living person. It is said that he was once in the employ of the British telegraph s tem, where he worked under the leadership of William Henry Preece. But they say in scientific circles t Mr. Preece once brought out a new theory, or made some statement concerning the performance of some electrical phenomenon, and that Heavysides wrote a letter to a_ scientific publication which so utterly ridiculed, or at least, discredited the theory of Preece, that the latter exhibited his resentment by causing the retirement of his critic from the governmental seryice. This may be simply an idle tale which has grown out of the peculiar actions of Heavysides, but at any rate he has not been visible to the gen- eral public since his retirement from the government service. A Man of Ability. Once when Sir John Pindar was running the London Electrician he received a com- munication from a comparatively unknown man, which not only arrested his attention, but caused him to think that here at la must be a genius in the world of he- matics. The communication was published a d some little comment in the sci © world. It at once stamped its au- a man well worthy of the consi eration of scientists, and the paper began receiving communications asking for in- formation concerning this new light. Sir Jonn Pindar was unable to answer these correspondents. He did not himself know who the new writer was. The original com- munication had been sent through the mail, but no address accompanied the man script, except that the editor was asked, in case the manuscript w cted, to please send it to a certain store,” in a near-by district. eit was a cepted he was asked to kindly leave what- ever renumeration there would be due at the same place. The editor of the Eléc- trician sent the said “renumeration” to the grocery store, so named, and the practice has beem in vogue ever since. In all the years that Heavysides has been writing for the Electrician he has never been in the cffice of the pap me of the staff sight. None knows whether r single, where he lives, or or anything else of a per- sonal na concerning him. He is sim- ply secretiveness personified. An incident illustrating this is told in English scientific circies. knows him b he is what he Why He Accepted a Pension. It was known that the mathematician had no income except the rather limited one which he received for his weekly arti- cle to the Electrician. Several of the scien- tifie men of England, in admiration for his great talent, determined to give him a pension. But how to get him to accept it was a question. Communications on the subject, by means of a grocery store post offic2, remained unanswered, and other lit- tle incidents which cropped out during the correspondence showed that Heavysides was annoyed by the proposition. A scheme was then put on foot to compel bim to accept the pension. A lettsr was writ- ten to him, in which it was said that his residence had been found out at last, and that if he did not at once accept this pen- sion a delegation composed of the leading scientific men of London would mar--h to his house and present it to him in person. Evidently this to him a fearful threat and he believed it to be true, for he wrote back stating that he would accept the per sion if th> delegation would stay aws He has been receiving it ever sine, and it is fondly believed by his friends, who have never seen him, that he is now living in comfort. Something About His Work. No biography has ever bzen written about this very queer man, except in the most fragmentary manner, a facts con- cerning his life have cropped out. No pic- ture of him has ever been taken, and, thare- fore, no description of the man can be given. Whether he is school bred or not no one knows, out that he is a giant in his icular hobby cannot be gainsaid. He and few yant of the highest ord people who d that but six people in the world are really able to Understand them at first mand. Heavy- sic is so thoroughly a mathematician that he invents now | of mathemat- aiong. In writ elop a new the by means of mathematic vention, so to speak. Af ceeded for five or six chapters ner he will state that now he will the system of mathematics used in the pre- ceding chapters.” So that, in order to un- derstand the book at all, on2 must first go through it and pick out these explanatory chapters, and, having thoroughly encom- passed them, them as a basis for un- derstanding the rest of the book. On the other hand, to read his books In art: one would think them to b2 the compo: sition of any one but the very staid per- son who writes them. For he is addicted most abominably to making very bad En- glish puns, and these he inserts in the heart of the’most serious part of the book. This is, doubtless, part of his general ec- centricity. For instance, he is the inventor of such terms as “impeden “induct- ence” and other words of this characte: used in electrical nomenclature. In fact, nearly all the nomenclature of the alter- nating current originated with Heavyside: Yet, in suggesting the word “impedence he hoped, in parenthesis, that none of his readers would accent it upon the first syl- lable, us this would b2 too much like “im- pudence.”” An Advanced Thinker. He is well abreast of all scientific thought and several times has pointed out the fact that many new theories had already been developed in his own books, and given the numbers of the pages whereon the facts were to be found. And these were not the bare claims of an impostor who wished to set up as the originator of some accepted theory. He really had developed the theo- ries himself, but as it proved, no one under- stood them at the time. He did not care yery much for the credit of having been first to point out the new paths, but he felt {t his duty to tell these theorists that they were wasting time in developing things which already had been done. This, how- ever, is typical of his character. He never seems to see that the theories might as well never have existed at all so far us the gen- eral public were concerned, because they were quite unable to extract them from his books. The fact that he himself understood them and was deeply interested in them seems to have been sufficient reason to him why all other people must understand them also. ies as he goe: tvill de a book he xplain it own in- ‘Thousands of situations have been -ob- tained through the want columns of The Star. A Planisphere of the Heavens. are above the Horizon N NOVEMBER HEAVENS| Objects of Great Interest for Ama- teur Astronomers. ANNUAL RETURN OF THE METEORS Tne Nova That Has Recently Broken Out in Andromeda. > ORIGIN OF NEW STARS| Written for The Evening F Star. ACING TH at 9 o'c evening we the Great Di i lowest po: etly beneath star. The (Ursa Major), | of which the Dipper forms a part, ts wal- lowing in the north- ern horizon. High | above the Pole star sits Cassiopeia, erect in her chair and now in her most royal situation. At her right, but at a lower altitude, stands her rather inferior consort Cepheus. At her left, and also at a lower altitude, stands Perseus, brandishing tn his right hand an invisible sword and swirging in his left the fright- | ful head of Medusa, represented by the “Demon” star, Algol. Beneath Perseus sits the Wagoner, Auriga, his left sh ulder marked by the brilliant star Capella, now at about two-fifths of the distance from the horizon to the zenith. In tke east Orion is partly above the horizon, both of his brilliants, Betelgeuse | and Rigel, being visible. Above the head | of Orion may ve seen Aldebaran, the “Bull's | Eye,” in Taurus, at one corner of the V- shaped cluster of the Hyades, which forms the Buil’s face. Still higher are the Plei- ades, in the Bull’s shoulder, and higher still is the conspicuous pair of stars—one of the second and one of the third magni- tude—which mark the head of Aries. The bright star seen a little west of south and at a rather low altitude is Fomalhaust, in the Southern Fish. Between this star and Aldebaran, occupying the larger por- tion of ihe southeastern quadrant of the | heavens, lies the enormous Sea Monster or Whale, Cetus, the brightest two stars of which—Menkar, the “Snout,” and Deneb Kaitos, the “Tail,” both of the second mag- nitude—may be picked out easily and will Tve to fix the location of this decidedly fanciful constellation. In the west are the Eagle, containing the first magnitude star Altair; the Dolphin, better known as Job's Coffin—a little group of six or eight small stars, of which four form a small diamond-shaped figure, and, at the right of these, the Swan (Cygnus), or Northern Cross. Between the Cross and the northwestern horizon is the Lyre, con- taining the star Vega, the rival of Capella ? NORTH kK this | all find r in| tion, the | Pole Bea Great in brilliancy. Directly overhead are Pe- gas! d Andromeda. Andromeda. This constellation lies between the great “Square” of Pegasus and Perseus. It con- tains three stars of the second magnitude, Alpha, in the head—this star, known also as Alpheratz, forms one corner of the Square—Beta, in the belt, and Gamma in the left foot Androme gazer: and thi a is interesting to modern star- nly because of its great nebula, | nel s what attrac to- | night. We shall find it almost exactly in | zenith, Jt lies near the northernmost of | the three stars—two of them of only the | fourth magnitude—which form the maiden’s belt, appearing to the naked eye as a blurred star of about the fourth nitude. An opera glass shows its nebulous char- acter unmistakably. Through a small tele- | scope it has the appearance described by Simon Marius, who first turned a telescope upon it, as t of “a candle shining through’ horn.” With such an instrument we see only the nucleus, or core of the nebula, which photography has portrayed to us as an enormous spiral whorl, set part- ly edgewise to us so as to present in per- | spective an el ical figure. Nova in Andromeda. In August, this nebula sprang sud- denly into notoriety through the appear- ance in it of a new star. When first seen the star—or “no S$ such an apparition is now called by astronomers—was of about the eighth magnitude. It rapidly declined in brilliancy, as such stars always do, and} by the following February it had practi- cally disappeared, being then barely visible through the largest telescopes. Another nova has lately broken out in this Andromeda nebu y nearly at its center, though, unfortunately for 4s, to see it requires a three-inch te the least, for this new star { y of about the tenth magnitude. At the time of writ- ing (October 26) no account been re- ceived of any spectroscopic observations of it: but doubtless astronomers are doing their best to get a record of its spectrum, as they did of that of its predecessor. ‘The nova of 1885 proved to be a very cult object for the spectroscope, be its faintness. Its spectrum did not appear to differ greatly from that of the nebula it- self. It was “faintly concinuous,” and the most of the observers detecied in it a few bright lines, indicating that i-s lighi came partly from gaseous matter. What is Nova? The origin and nature of these “new” or “temporary” stars, which occasionally flash out suddenly in the heaveas, astronomical enigma. Sometimes they are of great brilliancy, as was tnat which ap- peared in Cassiopeia in 1572, known as “Ty cho Brahe's star,” which !s sail to have equaled in splendor Venus, when at ner brightest. Usually they disappear entirety in a few weeks or a few months, but not always. A star which suddenly appeared in the Northern Crown in May, 1867, and which when first seen was of the second magnitude, still exists as a slight!y variabie star of about the tenth magnitude. And in at least two instances a “nova” has finally | ing for these s wing the Positions of tne Principal Stars which ember 3, 15, 30, at 9, 8, 7 p.m. | Rot suns, such as we belleve the most of the stars to be. It is hardly conceivable | that a massive body, like the sun, when once it had become so intensely fot, no atter how, whether by collision with an- pr massive body or in some other way as to be brilliantly luminoas, snoula part | With its heat and light as rapid'y as these | Stars pale. Sir Norman Lockyer, aceotnt- novae upon his “meteoritic that they 2re due to collisions of meteorites, and, though th!s theor: of swarms account of them is still mnaccepied by many eminent astronomers, it 1s, as Lock- yer has expounded and sup a it, the most p' offere usible of any which has yet been Mira and Algol. The peculiarity of the variable star Mira Was described last month. This * ful” star is outdoing itself this therefore { wonde ar, and an object of very especial in- terest. Usually it stops in its increase of brilliancy at about the third magnitude. | This has be2n {ts record in the last three or four ye Early in October of this year, however, it had already surpassed this limit considerably. When last ob- served by the writer it was as bright as Menkar, of the second magnitude, if not brighter, though its maximum is not @us until about the Ist of November. To find Mira look first for Menkar. Pleiades and the This air | of stars in the head of Aries a large equal- ided triangle. Mira is the red star which 3 nat the right of Menkar, bout one-third of the to Deneb, in the tail of dit u nee from it igol will be at a minimum of bright SS on the 1ith of the month at 11:3 Pn, and again on the 14th at 8:2. It requir put eight hours to comy its change from the second to the fourth | Magnitude and back to {ts usual bright- ness. As has befcre been explaine variation n the light of Algol is ¢ by the periodi of a dark sate passage between us and it ite. Meteors. On the 13th and Mth of the month we may expect the annual visitation of the “Leonids,” the meteors so called from the circums' ance that the point in the heaven |frcm the dirsction of which they all seem to shoot—their “vadiant”—is tn stellation Leo, very nearly at of the curve of the “Sickle.” hese meteors are now pretty well un- derstood. They form a vast chister, “o rather a stream, of small bodies and par- ticles of matter—bits of stone and smetal— which circle rcund the sun in an elliptical * orbit of such siz? that at Its outermost limit it passes just beyond the orbit of the planet Uranus. The revolution of this cluster, which a breadth of about 100,- 000 miles and a length of many millions of miles, 1s performed in thirty-three and a quarter years. The earth annually crosses this meteor orbit, on the date given above, encountering straggling members of the meteor group, which, dashing into the earth’s atmosphere with a velocity of the con- the center about forty miles a second, and being heat- ed by the friction of the air flash out mo- Three times mentarily as “shooting stars.”’ in a century the main body is encountered, and then oc ling phenomena known ai i ers.” The last shower” of Leonids oc- curred in 1866, and was witnessed in Eu- rope; the next is due in 18. No “shower” is expected this year, but experienc? is that in the year or two pre- ceding the grand display ors are un- ~ usuaily plentifal on the regular meteor nights — foreru of the advancing swarm. The display is alw: ne finest after midnight, for before that time the radiant is below the horizon. The “show- er,” when one occurs, lasts for about five hours, and it can be witnessed cnly by thos: who chance to be locate! favorably; that is, on the advancing side of the earth. |} B2 forewarned, but do not be too san- guine of seeing any very unusual display of these celestial pyrotechnics. The Planet Mercury has been no ing star eince the 19th of last month, but {t now runs so low in the southwest that it will not be visible except on very clear evenings in the latter part of the month. was at her greac*st brilllaney on the 27th of last month, and is still a glo- rious evening star. It is rapidly drawing in toward the sun and will cease to be vis- ible befor nd of the month. rs is y an cyening star in Cancer, ising at about 10 p.m. It will soon be- om an obj of great interest. None of the other planets ts now favor- ably situated for nak > observers. All, except Neptune, are now grouped about the sun. oes Epicures here in the east are developing a taste for miniature specimens of the oF products. To supply the demand in the larger cities for young vegetables, such as the French consider the most délicate and appetizing, the truck farmers bring to market tiny potatoes, turnips, carrots, cauliflower and even heads of cabbage the size of a base ball. Such vegetables are, it is sald, more easily digested, their fiber being tender and succulent, instead of tough nd often a woody nature, as the growth arrives at maturity. If you want work read the w of The Star. nt columns Sunday Morning. From Punch. Cyclist (to rural policeman)—"Nice crowd settied down into the condition of a neb- | out this morning!’ ula. * Whatever may be the complete explena- tion of these suddenly appearing star-like Rural Policeman (who has received a tip) “Yes, an’ yer can’t do with ‘em! If yer ‘ollers at ‘em they honly turns round and objects, it is fairly certain that they are | says, ‘Pip, pip!”