Evening Star Newspaper, September 10, 1898, Page 19

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 1898—24 PAGES, HE AZA, CITY OF MEXICO. AFFAIRS IN MEXICO — Present Attitude of That Country Toward the United States. a NO? AFRAID OF OUR NEW POLICY A Tribute to President Diaz and His Successor. ae ! INDEPENDENCE DAY HEIR ening Star. OF MEXICO, ptember 3. 1899. Mexico is making exten- for the of Septem- year marks of the ¢ ndence from birthday of = chief executive of | will differ years in led hy Cuban inde- dow: fall of by the celebration egun seeing, when the Mex- elf over to the obs holida: ng southern fashion, i through three gives i ry- ch eve of people their ic corps annual e ig mory of the time was first raised xico has not fo times leading up | ender 1821, and jid their tury w int 13,000,000 panish rule re- up the mak for Castile. priest, Hidalgo, led an in 1810 he and promptly amity } 1.900,000. Three | wers were | on capture by aniards and | heads were hung by iron hooks on | outer walls of the citadel at Guana- | ~ a perpetual warning of the rate | > ever dared to speak the name | of Hberty. The cruelly disgraced heads of ; » fathers of Mexic dence now in a ings tomb under the altar of cathedral the City of were placed there | ded by such an] ism on the part of the could leave no doubt | ying enmity to Castil of money and war supplies | ly sent from Mexico to the nis in the past three years, | for the ten years’ war in of President Diaz is each sly observed by both Mexi- | foreign ts, who almost | ¥ agree is the practical.| Mex! e advances accom- . n twenty office. years in re Mexico probable Diaz vgnized as one of n contemporaneous his- ed out revolution where in the blood of the and property fe as it is in Un if not, indeed, safer in particu! He has encouraged r: road building to the 10,000 miles now pa: their American and has so fost capital th xtent of the ne ng good dividends to ropean owners, and vestment of foreign t hundreds of millions of Amer- lean money is now profitably planted In the mines, mills and other industries of | When the corespondent this country. A Wise President. President Diaz has built up a system of free public education, so that any one who today desires self-improvement can receive it at the public expense. The president has frequently said that the public school sys- tem is one of the strong factors in his country’s future, and that the $3,500,000 which the government is now spending an- nually on this branch of the public service will be increased rather than diminished. No one has been a more interested ob- server of the Spanish-American war and the effectiveness of modern killing machin- ery than General Diaz. He is slowly build- up an efficient Mexican army and navy and is on the lookout for the latest ad- vances in war ideas. Mexico is not making | the too common error of buying war boats before it has trained sailors to man them. To this end the school ship Saragosso is ecrstantly cruising the seas with its ca- under an English captain, and a ‘al academy is being established on the to co-operate with the Chapul- ¢ Military Academy. It will be only a few years when Mexico will be a definite power on the southern seas, as its present and delightful. When not required, these gilded, gi walled palaces float gracefully blue waters of of Persian lake: ses to be comf ake Niris, the most When the heat ble their happy own- smail navy is steadily increasing. enter the floating palaces, which are drawn by heavy weights down into the ee ee transparent depths of the lake, and with The feature of the military demonstration which arouses most enthusiasm in the crowds during the September celebration is an ample supply of air from above, luxu- rious surroundings, iced drinks and fan- waving houris, the P. n millionaire who cannot enjoy - ) degrees in the shade must the appearance of the Mounted Rurales, | fe dimicult to please” the “rough riders” of Mexico. They go The Prince of Agra has a similar palace swinging by on mettled horses, einched | moored in one of the reaches of the Jum- under silver-trimmed saddles, and the men | 22,018 furniture and appointments are Torits heaemneny “Charro” leather uni-| nd incrusted with jewels, and the curtains al ronda ene Btls Js the sreat an-| are of the most exquisite silks. On sultry nual round-up of the nervy fellows who for} gays the prince and his suite enter their all the rest of the year will pull a trigger | fiver pal: REhICha TaitathOrce mannered on any outlaw who strikes their range. | and floats gently on the bosom of the Jum- Trat is why train robbery is not at present | na at the will of the tid catching every a profitable occupation ‘south of the Rio | breeze tha vs, and gliding to the sooth- Grande, the law providing that bandits | ing mus c of harps played by fair hands. Who would not be the Prince of Agra? | The “cooling galleries” of China are little less delightful as refuges from a too torrid They hang suspended over rivers or may be shot on capture, as the prelimi- step of the investigation into the af- fair, Numbers of the Rurales were once famous outlaws, to whom the president of- sun. fered pardon f st offenses if they would | private lakes, and are sumptuously fur- enter the military se and they now do} nished with rare rugs and tapestry, set- their work well for law and order. tees and lounging chairs; whilst’ every 40) Gen. Diaz will complete his twen- | cooling beverage that man can devise is rin idential office, when s nently retire to pri- vate life, as he said he would do in a recent interview given me at the National Palace. there in profusion. In India the well-to-do Englishmen and natives fly from the plains at the first blast of heat and take refuge in the hills, where the ceol breezes blowing from snow-capped mountains driv all thought of the simmering plains below. In Borneo the heat is tolerable in the summer—villages rising on pillars from the very heart of cool lakes. a CHRISTIAN ENDEAVOR NOTES. Tomorrow's Christian Endeavor topic is one that all people need to learn—‘‘Self- Indulgence or Self-Denial.” The Scripture re from First Corinthians ix: 24 to and Gallatians v: 16 . In writing on the topic, Rev. John E. Pounds, D.D., pas- tor of the Christian Church at Irvington, “Seif-indulgence is moved by a desire to get present pleasure, to appe nimal appetites, and to escape exertion nd toil. It is sinful and suicidal to drink hes in the cup, but not deny wisdom when she beckons, and the same spirit of self-in- dulgence which would lead to the drinking of wine would turn from the pursuit of wis- dom, because it requires an act of will manhood to refuse and follow th 27, Hr) y y so than to other. Self-der s for its purpose the conquest of selfish and sinful de prep- aration for service and the gaining of rength for successful struggle in the » of right. It denies itself only that it ¥ give itself more freely. Consecration \ Ss not less than dissipation, but it | Spends to bless others, not to destroy self. |Self-denial refuses to drink the wine of |sclfish pleasure, in order that the hand may be steady te hold to thirsty lips the water Victor Hugo le do not ngth; they lac Wiliam “If thou wouldst conquer thy , thou must ne ig the r gratify it. first of next year, the Ep- and Christian Endeav will use a uniform cour: mecting vor conven- e Was appoint- em of topics for use at unions of Chr nd it is expected that A Mexican Rough Rider. societies, ed who would | jong such unions a ove € =: be his successor as chief executiv try will be considering in ‘a eattept sab expressed first. preference | only of int Indeavorers, but of good Ives Limantour, pres re- | to commur ell. . peak he treasury, with Gen mardo| At the meeting of the District of sas his second choice. p dent | bia Christian Endeaver Union at a great believer in young men, Senor Li- | Baptist Church last. Monday ening Re ir being little more than forty years | Geo. S. Dunc 2 n, in delivering his charge to ctical dictator in elected officers and newly | committees, makes no secret of the fact|said he would group what he had tec him) res choice of his j under seven P's; and then he proceeded to on he to continue a|make a most ‘ent and inspiring ad- behind the throne. It | dress, his ’s being present, punctual, at a military ruler is yer, practice, ponder, push, posted, ; » cactus republic to hold he board of officers of the union has revolutionary spirit so natural n as the union's motto for the year 2 but Gen. Diaz n all'thy ways acknowledge Him, and He an can now be safely | shali direct thy paths” utive power, otherwise | Mr. Harry G. Kimball and Mr. George W. would e Gen. Reyes as his first |Stose have been elected chairmen cr the presidential choi good nship and press committees, re- Spectively, of the District union. The Presbyterian board of foreign mis- sions has commissioned this year thirty- two new missionarics to the foreign field, The Next Raler. Senor Limantour has rendered such sig- nal service at the head of the treasury department that he has gained che con- ta a Africa, 6; South America, 2; fidence of all classes. Largely by his | ¢"!na- 10; India, 6; Japan, 4; Corea, 1; Per- : ; si Siam, 1. plendid financeering ability Mexican rthern Virginia Endeavorers are mak- ing great preparations for their state con- vention, which assembles in the M. P. Church in Alexandria next week, the first session being at 7:30 on the evening of the 1th. A preliminary rally service will be held in the Ballston Methodist Episcopal Church tomorrow evening, at which one or two District Endeavorers will speak. es To the Moon by Rall. From London Tit-Bits It is a little startling to learn that the railways of the world have a mileage suffi- cient to make a railway from the earth to the moon, and yet leave a residuum long credit has been completely sustained, de- spite the heavy depreciation in Mexican sil- ver money, and the national budget now shows a credit balance at the end of each e Limantour family is among the old- est and wealthiest in the country, and Don Jose 1s one of several influential brothers, being a graduate at law. During an ex- tended acquaintance Senor Limantowr has frequently expressed to me his frank ad- miration for Americans and the social and political institutions of the United States. He has made a discriminating study of the United States’ system of government, and credits it with being in most respects the best the world has ever known, saying that he wishes Mexico to grow to the same gen- | €nough to coil another railway six times eral standard. He speaks English, and has | round the earth at the equator. several times visited the United States, the || Of this enormous mileage Persia 1s con- last oceasion being In the summer of 1896, | tent with a railway barely lung enough to when he took notes on the silver campaign | connect Charing Cross and” Tunbridee in this country. Wells. It has but one mile of railway for cree - via panne miies, an area nearly qua at of Holland, or for every 204,- 000 of its people. eee China, with its seventy-three mi rallway, is in some respects in worse plight. For each mile of railway it has a popula- tion equal to that of Yorkshire, and an area nearly as large as Belgium, Japan, with its 2.237 miles of railway, is much more enterprising. For each milé it has only to meet the claims of 18,775 peo- ple, and an area of seventy-one square miles. Although it has, roughly, only one mile for every ten in the United Kingdom, it carries no fewer than 70,000,000 passen- gers a year. Of the world’s total mileage the United States claim nearly a half, or, more trately, 180,000 miles, a length, roughly, equal to seven and one-quarter times the earth's circumfereice at the equator. In proportion to population, the United States have for each mile of railway in Russia twelve miles, in Germany or <he United Kingdom, five miles, for each mile in Austria, six, and in France, four. Among European nations Belgium is most blessed with railway facilities in pro- portion to area; and Spain halts impotently in the rear of all the other nations. During the last five years Russia has shown mest railway enterprise, with an in- creased mileage of 20 per cent; rmany follows with an increase of 7 per cent; France with 6; and the United Kingdom is content with 3. mile of railway for every No Need for Fear. A change in the present policy of liberal friendliness on the part of the Mexican gov- ernment to Americans and American inter- ests would seriously affect the profitable- ness of their heavy investments in this country; but no fear need be felt on that t if either Senor Limantour or Gen- e yes come to power. The latter has induced many manufacturers from the United States to locate at Monterey, the capital of the state of Nuevo Leon, of which he is governor, that the American lony there is nearly as large as that of ty of Mexico, and numbers about 100 pecple. Two older men often mentioned for the pri idency are Senor Ignacio Mariscal, sec- tary of foreign relations in the Mexican cabinet and former minister to the United States; and Don Matias Romero, present Mexican envoy to Washington. Both of these diplomatists are equally friendly to the United States, and are counted among the strongest men in the Mexican service. EDWARD PAGE GASTON. How They Keep Cool. From London Tit-Bits. Whilst the Englishman resigns himself at times of intense heat to perspiration and grumbling, his fellow-men in the east have solved the problem of “how to keep cool” by methods as ingenious as they are varied. Of all these delightful methods the “‘sink- ing rooms” of Persia commend themselves most to one’s conceptions of the luxurious Africa has 1,210 square miles of territory, and Au- stralasia one for every 321 square miles, an area approximately that of the county of Huntingdon, WHERE MONEY GOES The Great Sums That Americans Spend in Paris, WE LIKE WHAT WE GET IN EXCHANGE Whether It is in Grand Hotel or Latin Quarter, CHEAP EVEN WITH TIPS ——_>_—_. Written for The Evening Star. The about-face of French sentiment in regard to the Spanish-American war, exe- cuted in response to the demands of the Paris shopkeepers, who were alarmed at the prospect of losing Yankee custom, has brought up a discussion of the subject of what Americans spend in Paris, Estimates have been made which, though not ac- curate, show that the sum total is remark- ably large. Of course, there is no limit to the sums that very rich Americans may spend in Paris every year. The Countess of Castellane, for instance, and Mr. James Gordon Bennett probably spend there, good years and bad years, a quarter of a million or half a million dollars of thelr great for- tunes. Mr. Bennett has been known to give an ordinary cabman a thousand-franc note for driving him a few blocks, and once he added a five-hundred-frane note when the jehu protested that his fare was only two frances. It is likely that there are fifty rich Americans who make their homes in Paris and between them spend an aggregate of $3,000,000 a year. ‘Then there are the very poor Americans, who are equally without limits in the mod- esty or poverty of their Paris lives. The writer lived in Paris for an extended period on 50 frances a week, and suffered small He was better off than many, n a student in chemistry from Colorado, who had only 50 francs a monta to spend, and managed to exist on it. His bed room was a dark closet that knew no fire, and cost him 17 francs a month. His one meal a day was had at a wine shop where cab drivers eat, and cost him 15 cents, including a slice of meat, some vege- tables, a pint of bad wine and a bit of cheese. In the morning he bought himself a bowl of coffee and a, piece of bread at a creamery. He did his own washing, never entered a cafe, walked wherever he had to yed none of the regulation pleas- simply wore an old blouse and worked at his chemistry. Between these two extremes there is all pos: variety in the expenditure of Americans in Paris, and in their manner of living. Students in the Latin quarter will tell you that they can get as good a room as any one needs, furnished and looked after, for 50 francs a month—that is, $10— nd quite a tolerable dinner, with formal gression from soup to coffee, for two francs or less. The meat served at these in quarter establishments is not always above suspicion, but * goes down well enough with the sauce of galety. Good Dinner for 60 Cents. There fs no doubt that an excellent din- ner may be had at magy places in Paris for three francs, while 15 francs a month will secure a room good enough for any one, large and well lighted. There is one just such room at just such a price in Paris in which James Russell Lowell used to hive. Robert Louis Stevenson lived in one on the discomfor notably t pr Rue Racine whica cost very much less. The average dweller on the “left bank,’ artist or student, man or woman, will find it z y to spend about $750'a year to live them we may put down an annual aggre- ate expenditure of about a million dollars. in the their ng now who have vale to those Ameri- own “apartments,” to be noted that rents are very much lower than they ‘are In New York. A charming little apartment, three room: nd kitchen, just b can be had for ont. k of the Madeleine. 12) francs a month, furnished. For larger apartments the rents will range up to a thousand francs a month, which amount will insure accom- modation for a large family on one of «.e finest avenues. And the cost of unfurn: is ridiculously small comp: we pay in this country. In the n ings goining up about the Arc de Triomphe, odern im- of three ce hed apartments vements, ms and bat rancs a year, wh an excellent 4 with six or eight rooms, may be a good part of Pari ‘There ident in Par s may be put down as sper 2,000 apiece each year in the gay city, and that makes $4,009,000. he number of Americans in Paris who t or own entire houses—hotels they are cailed—is com these hot. rich, is consic it would cost per year to kee blishment like that of the late ans on the Avenue Du Bois de Boulo; conjecture. He mi of the French and could afford to be layi: with it. But even Mr. James Gordon Ben- nett is content to live in an apartment. What the Tourists Spend. Coming now to the great army of Amer- icans who do not reside in Paris, but visit it frequently, it is estimated that 50,000 of these pass through Paris every year. The chief expenses of such persons may be put down to eating and drinking, sleeping ac- commodations, purchases at shops, cabs and passing pleasures. A room at a good hotel may be had far $1 or $2.0 day; cafe au lait in the morning costs 30 cents. A lunch at one of the good places costs at least 5 francs, usually more. An excellent dinner for two may be had, if the things are chosen wisely, for 20 francs. What a man drinks at cafes and American bars de- pends upon himself. A bock (glass of beer) costs 10 cents, including a tip of 2 cents; a mazagran (glass of coffee) costs 12 cents, including the tip; sirups and lemonades cost 15 cents without the tip, and American drinks cost American prices—sometimes a little more. it is likely that each one of these passing Americans will spend $7 or $8 a day during their stay in Paris for food, drink and bed, and that is but a small part of the outlay. Cabs at 35 cents a course, including a 5- cent tip, or at 2 franes an hour, will mount up to 10 francs a day, and what the pleas- ures will cost and the purchases depends upen the individual case. It costs two or three francs to entef each one of the music halls, which exist without number, and it costs a good deal more, Sometimes, to get out of them. Seats“at the theater or the opera cost a dollar or two, about the same scale of prices as in New York, although there are seats to be had for 20 cents if one will take them, 2 Leaving aside purchases at the shops, it is safe to say that the average American visiting Paris for the pleasure of it, and spending only a week or two there, will distribute his money’at the rate of about 320 a day, say $150 a’‘week, for he will spend $10 extra on Sunday. And that makes over $7,000,000 a year for the 50,000 transients, if we assume that each one stays a week. And purchases in thé shops are still to be counted. A Costly Day's Shopping. It is hard to estimate the amount of these purchases; some spend thousands of dollars, others spend very little. One au- thentic case came to notice a few weeks ago where a young lady from New York bought seven dozen pairs of silk stockings for herself at 20 francs a.pair, and the same number for her mother. That made $672 for one item of one day’s shopping. Any day in the summer one will see the Rue de la Paix blocked with carriages, many of which have brought American la- dies hither in search of hats, gowns, cloaks, underwear, lace handkerchiefs, etc. Ladies wait in line in the rooms of these fashion- able providers for the privilege of paying from 5 to 10 louis (the louis is $4) for a hat and from 20 to 100 louis for a gown. Some buy. five hats and ten gowns; buy more; some less. Many seek they want in streets of lower it safe to say that few American matter of pure t fortune out i é ‘ 319 lars a year is probably not excessive an estimate of the entire expenses in Paris of our 50,000 transients, including purchases at shops. Comparing the cost of living in paris with that in other great cities, say London, New York or Vienna, there is litde question that an American will get better value for his money in the French capital than in any other, much better value than he can get in New York. Rents are about one-half what they are in New York, and lodgings about one-half what they are in London. Meals at restaurants are cheaper and bet- ter than in any other city. One may live at a Paris pension, with a good room and ex- cellent meals, for $10 or $12 a week; so one can in New York or London, but the thing received will not compare with what o gets in Paris. Gloves in Paris cost less than half what they do in New York. Clothes and boots made to order cost one- third less, the barber who shaves you, if you go to a quiet street, charges seven cents, including the tip of two cents, against 15 cents in New York without any tip. And so on with many things. Enjoyments for Nothing. Then there are in Paris inex amusements without end, cafes with fine music every evening, where one has mere- ly to buy a drink and listen, military bands piaying twice a week in all the public parks, where a chair costs only every day of ‘he year, the wonderful and pd gay the Champs Elys the boul which js as free as the air to every A million dollars would not bu dreary London or lazy Vienna or nervy shattering New York. It belongs to the genius of the French. Suminmg up all these various items of expenditure by the various classes mention- ed, and throwing in something for miscel- neous expenses ft will be seen that Amer- icans spend in Paris ev ran amount of money somewhere in the neighborhood of a hundred million francs. And this, of course, represents only the spendings of in- dividuals for themselves or thier friends: it docs not represent the vast amount merchandise purchased in Paris e : by our great importing houses. Were that included we should find our total mounting up to hundreds of millions more. So it is no wonder, to those who study figures, that the Frenchmen have been singing sweeter song to us of recent w jose hundreds of millions on the Spani. debt is bad enough, but that is no re: for courting the loss of other hundreds millions thet have come from Am the thirfty merchants of Paris soned, seeing their profits dwindling, have brought pressure to gag th speaking Paris press—which wes not a idea, either for them or for must be owned, if they like our money, also like what they give us in for it. CLEVELAND MOFF ———__+e+ EDUCATION IN ENGLAND. on Great Progress Has Been Made in the Last Fifty Years. From Literature. But what of the mass of the people? What Is education, or what passes for such, doing for them? It is more than fifty years since in England the first faint- hearted steps were taken by the state to- ward the instruction of its citizens—a duty up to that time abandoned to private en- terprise and the strife of religious parties. It is nearly thirty years since the nation, in the education act of 1870, for the first time set its hand to manage its own schools and inaugurated a partially national sys- tem of education. The schoolmaster has ince been abroad throughout the land, with the result that almost every one can read and write, and the entry “his” or “her mark” in a marriage register, once almost the rule, is now a rare exception. By slow degrees, through many failure and mistakes, in spite of political and the Ological obstruction, our education author- ities have evolved a system of elementary instruction which on paper leaves little to be desired. We have, in fact, the raw material for a first-rate system of national education, and all that is wanted, in the words of a recent writer on the subject, is to make it national and to make it edu- ‘ational. How this is to be done we do not how inquire. But it is worth while to ask what has been or is being done—what is the effect of all this educational activity upon the intellectual tastes and recreations of the people? Our laborer or artisan is not yet a liter- ary or even a cultivated person, nor is it either likely that he will be, or necessary that he should be. But education is slowly Widening his intellectuai horizon and giv- ing him a few sips of the Pierian spring. The machinery for giving him such men- tal cultivation as he is capable of is all there, and only needs to be more intelli- gently applied, and for a longer period. When a more enlightened public opinion, and the influence and example of his em- ployers and social superiors point the way, he may begin to see that it is worth his while to continue learning after he is twelve or thirteen years old. He is now the dominant factor in politics. His vote can make and unmake ministries. States- men of whatever political party must give or profess to give him what he wants. Se A Burefaced Bunko Game. From the New Orleans Times-Democrat. One evening while Colonel Rich ment was stationed at the fair grounds brenzed and broad-shouldered Te ed into the office of the Commercial Hotel, and, squaring himself at a table, began the task of composing a letter. It was evi- dently a hard job. ser He stuck out i hed his head, changed pe times and went through ail the contortions of a men with a bad case of St. Vitus’ dance before he cencluded the episile. Then he fished out a black wallet, unwound a strap a yard long, and extracted a five- dollar bill, which he carefully folded up with the sheet. By that time the perform ance had excited the sympathetic inter: of several bystanders, and one of pointed out is tongue, 3 a dozen t them the mail box in the corner. “Just put your letter in there, my friend,” he id. “Hey?” exclaimed the Texan, glancing “I said to drop your letter in tkat box,” repeated the other. The big in.mune bent upon him a look of unutter- able scorn. “Well, I've heered tell of all Kinds of city bunko game: he said slowly, “but that’s the durndest barefacest one of the hull lot! Don’t you say nothing, now, or I'll have to smash y’. Say, mister!” he called to the clerk, “kin you tell me where the postmaster keeps his shop?” He was given the proper directions, and returned beaming. “Say,” he asked one of the hotel staff confidentially, “do I reely look as green as all that—like I'd bite at sech a game?” He was assured that he looked like a thoroughbred, and went away happy. “Hope to die if I ever give any more tips to a Texan,” was the comment of the gentle- man who pointed out the box. The Argument Was Convincing. Frem Law Notes A correspondent sends us the following story from Mississippi: Counsel for the de- fense was addressing a country J. P. of the “old school.” Said he: “I realize that I stand in the presence of a descendant of th> grand old Huguenot family that emi- grated from France to escape from re- ligicus intolerance. Many able jurists have sprung from that family and embellished the bench and bar of the Union. Their watchwords are honor, truth and justice, and their names ars spoken in every home. The law is so plain in this case that ‘he who runs may read.’ Shall I insult the in- telligence of this ccurt by reiterating a proposition so simple? Need I say more?-—” “No,” interrupted the judge, “’tain’t nac- essary—I'll give you a judgment.” Counsel sat down, while the judge with emphasis knocked the ashes from his cob pipe and counsel for plaintiff began: “May it please th> court—” “Squire, what are you fixin’ to do?” asked the judge. “I have the closing argument,” was the reply. “Well, you jes’ as well set ’own. I done got my mind sot on the other side.” Judg- ment for defendant. First Spaalard—“Those Americans are slow. They cannot accomplish results as quickly as the gallant sons of Spain.” POLITICS IN CUBA Chances of Annexation if It Were Left to a Vote. ATTITUDE OF INSURGENT LEADERS a Opinions as to the Final Solution of the Problem. THE VARIOUS PARTIES See (Note. Mr. George Reno, pt who bas rema e beginning of t the only a continu: American © sly fn ¢ friend of Presid y President 3 attitude of th» Cuba s, contributes the fo count ‘of the political situath the present time.) YACHT ALFREDO, Miami, Fla, tember 1.—If the assurances which emanated from of Cuba will soon have an opportuy cast a free, unintimidated vote for time in the history of ihe island. EF) tions held in that unfortunate country the past have been mere ms, empty ceremonials, that failed to express the d sire of the people. That which it is now expected will be held some time this fall Mill be one of the most important events that has taken place on the island. Sep- aratists, annexationists, autonomists and Spaniards all look forward to it with the greatest interest and concern. The people who compose th are residents in Cuba, and have interests in common, but they will look at the future government of the island from er parties ait- ierent points of view. The separatists are the insurgents who during the past three years have been fighting for liberty and independence. They are composed of two entizely distinct elements; the old creole population of the island, aris- tocracy, the best blood, the be the best citizens, the best re! of the Latin race on this hemisph these people the desire for freedom, lute, for an independent republic, has be- come a passi It has been their dream and their ambition for years past. For it they have given up life, proper thing. Numerically, e probably in the mine tellectuatly tion than any ¢ lude the Agram Betancourts, he the Agueros » De > Vere . Gar- Sanchez and Quesa- These fz own nan half the property on the descended from the nobili of them have been knigh bravery or patriotism. They have ain; many ts of The Progressive Party. They are the liberal, the int2lectual, the progressive people of Cuba. Many of the sons of these families have been grad- ted from our universities. They are amiliar with our literature, our history and our institutions, political and econom- ; they were the inspiration, the lead- rs and the backbone of the 1 r2volu- tion. They adore the United States, her institutions and her people, but they will not vote for annexation at present. them personal pride and sentiment have yed a very important part in their struggle for liberty, and although in a few rs’ time they will undoubtedly be th st earnest supporters of an: ion, if it were forced upon them now, though well aware of the benefits accruing therefrom, it would nevertheless be unw2lcome. The real secret for this is that they desire at least a brief period of self-government. ‘0 enjoy this privileg2 would be the gregtest boon that could be granted them, and they are assuredly capable of self-gov- ernment. Th> remainder of the separatists com- pesed the rank and file of the insurgent army. Many of them are negroes or mu- lattoes, nearly all of th2m are farmers, ccuntry people, pacificos, ignorant and un- ambitious, but non-combativ2, save under actual compulsion. Numerically they are undoubtedly in the majori: y have never held office, nor would pe likely to do so under an independent governm>nt. They care only to attend to their own af- fairs, T may in time, with education, make fairly good citizens. They will prob- ably vote This class will ne h rulers, nei- ther is it lik to just form of government. In e of the non- combative nature of this element I may state that during an intimate association of thre years in the insurgent army wh thes? men were under arms I never saw a blow struck, a-knife drawn or a shot among them: of such an oc urrenc>. The Annexa The anne ber of respe ationists include able and intellige large num- t Cubans, ited States, and who, neial a rue from tages tha are in fave would a annexat of it and will vote for it at the on, first opportunity. They compose a wort element in society, and are | American in everything but birth. N merically they are not large, and to what extent they may exert an influence toward winning over the separatists to the policy of annexation it is impossible to say. They are an unknown quantity. What attitude will be assumed by the old arty of the “autonomigta” is almost equally uncertain. The “autonomista” were chiefly property holders of the old regime. They compose an eminently respectable but not over progr e element, and they were never devoted to the inborn principles of liberty and independence. They were al- ways eager to compromise to accept the best the present afforded and to let the future take care of itself. At heart they favored the cause of the insurgents, but they did not espouse it openly. In plain words, during the revolution most of th: sat on the fence. In point of numbers influence they exert considerable political power. Between annexation and independ- ence they will probably choose the former as the easier way out. ‘The conservative party, or the Spaniards, With | | and helped to form the voluntarios, They furnish built the forts, the barric | and the t hey contribute part of the funds which carri form an entirely different class. As to their merits or demerits, their claims to consideration or otherwise, opinions will undoubtedly differ. In the past they have assumed an air of superiority over all on the island, except the army and the church, They were the merchants, the shopkeepers, the usurers, whose sole purpose was to profit at the expense of the Cuban. For centuries they have done all in their power to hold him down and prevent his appoint- ment to any office. Many years ago they entered into a conspiracy with the church and the state to keep him in a condition of i and political slavery. They took good care that neither he nor his interests were ever represented in the cort at Ma- arid y prejudiced the crown and the cortes t the ¢ n; bought up the and shared the ler with the icians and military authorities came Out ostensibly for the pury just adm ation of the laws d nothing for the island. and did ing to ben Their money was in Spain, their sons were war of e bit progres Spain gu r, bigoted, un sive the Cubans. They mpromising and u No Love That they are cordially hated by the Cu- bans is aral and inevitable. This is one of the political phases which @ airing t period of recon: uction the United States ey wo han submit to be x k oma to me by Prado, in t city of Hava he uncom- promisin n servative toward the in hat the forces of h which to hunt out of their nd ity eer as his remarke my sors ke the hou aring: “I 4 ate for sche I tremble ear that they may return E with that pernicious rot t y independence.” cher of the school was a Cuban, were the oppone = hee Cuban ted from the to their « raphy 1b- Isle of } ing knowle untry, inc 1 with known nity of politic rms apitulation parole and the MALARIA. This Dread Disease of the Sole diers in Caba is Transmitted. From the Sanitarian, The Madagascar campaign affords a striking le as regards the importa of aerial transmission. To facilitate t transportation of baggage into the inte or of the island the French government had supplied its troops with metallic wagon- ettes, so constructed that they could be floated ac streams. For one cause cr another it was soon found that they could not be used, and the construction a country road was determined upon young soldiers were put to the task, and bravely and uncomplainingly they worked. on, however, the sick list in- . and, by the tim the mortality Why the mi the road was fin- list had become appal- ary authorities permit- ished, ling. ted this when natives could be had to do the work it would be difficult t To us the lesson taught by this holocaust of victims is that under no circumstances should unacclimatized men be employed to work the soil. “Europeans must not attempt to the ground in the inte rtropical writes Medical Director Maurel of the French navy; “it is death to them, but it does not injure negroes or other natives, who should be secured for this purpose The importance of aerial transmis: work regions,” further shown by Dr. Maurel’s personal observati In Afri he had spent nights tramping in the marsh without suffering the inconvenience, while his istants suffe from chills; merely be- e they literally speakin their mouths shut.” He absolutely refrained from talking so as to allow none of the miasmatic air to reach lungs through the mouth, the nasal ages, as is well known, acting as a zing apparatus through the ction of the nasal secretions mospheric organism. _ Ss : The Round Robin. lestruc- at- From the Providence J:urnal. The “round robin,” of which General Shafter's division and brigade comma » and which, according t rted to by the tars of t Just before the commencement as a method by which to inform Presidea McKinley of their views regarding Ma‘ne matter, had its origin seve turics ago in Franc It was y officers of the army ¢ ssing their di: cour of the king or his ministe signing in a circular m leade the movement could r ascertained ed out for punishmen The first © on record of the use protest in the navy oc- At the instigation of the Duke of Buckirgham, the king's favorit an English fleet, under Admiral Bennin; ton, was dispaiched to Rochelle to assist in the coercion of the Protestant subjects of Louls XII1 of France. But the " glish tars, in common with their fellow countrymen, locked with favor upon thi resistance of their coreligionists against the proselyting zeal of the French king, and they signed a “round robin,” express- ing their determination not to fire a shot against them, and, without waiting for a reply, they weighed anchor and brought their ships back to England. The however, received a peremptory order to return to Dieppe, whereupon the whole of the crews quitted the ships without fur- ther parley. There is a time in she regrets that she wasn't cille."—Atchison Globe. girl's life when named “Lu- A HELPING HAND. “98. et it, 't yer, miss?” “I'm quite well, thank yer, miss, but I ain't seed you afore. Y're fresh District Visttor—“Certainly I haven't visited you before, Mrs. Johnson.” chair)—Well, Yer sits down ‘ere, an’ yer reads me @ short Psabn, yer gives me @ shillin’, an’ then yer goes.”