Evening Star Newspaper, May 21, 1898, Page 23

SSS SS THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, MAY 21, 1898-24 PAGES. WHEN WAR IS OVER} American Character Will Be Better + Understood Than Before. PROBLEMS THAT WILL CONFRONT US | >. Our Greatest Need Will Be for National Self-Restraint. SVENTS FOLLOW FOR | FAST > Atlantic Monthly. ne United States r approval of war means of restoring but the judgment of promptly approved it, an instinctive and If Anglo-Saxon in- dis stand for anything, methods of Spanish Cuba are an abomination and a And English sympathy is not cant as an evidence of the ne- the war and as a good omen for n in Cub: sh people evidence 0 onal symp and met tions and Fule in of free institutions than the netive thy with Spain been expressed by some of the nfluences the continent; in real meaning of American civil zation and ideals will henceforth be some- wha re clearly understood in several world, racter n the the purpc will be still better whole world clearly | e of the war is r very doors this t piece of mediaevalism the two great andals s of the century; for it quest. There is a strong against the annexa- our responsibility rther than we are ible. Once free, ought to gover: as other Spanish- ve governed them- ce they achieved their indepen- That Confront Us. that seem likely to follow aver than those that have o it; and if it be too late to ask into it without suffi- is not too soon to ep that we now take. ity of the people in TS proves to be as and strong as it ever was under a of government; and this popular » in war puts a new responst- those leaders, and may put our d our people themselves to in our national pol- very character; and th the great forces » future of the world— know it. going about the pro- ‘ontent with our own istration and finance, a “commercials,” as our s in derision. Today we are » sort of problems that the ement of the poli of other te concern to us. Shall with peaceful industry ; im us the adventu our Anglo-Saxon forefathers? ¢ to a time when, no more iting ui home, we ek them abroad? Problems 2 pt r we entered felib ration, it Au Adventurous Pe le. from which we are sprung is a for a thousand years has done 4 outdoor tasks of the h have been explorers, rs of continents, We ourselves, every we came to America, founders gen had on of a go i the pushing } the developme: the Spaniards o , but the | al conflict a gr the build- oads, and the compect unifica- 2 continental domain. These have t enterprises and as exciting, apid succession, as any race n has ever had to engage it—as great s for the play of the love of ad- in the blood as our kinsmen over ea have had in the extension and the Management of their world-empire. The old outdoor sprit of the Anglo-Saxon has till lately found wider scope in our own his- tory than we are apt to remember. The Present Generation. But now a generation has come to man- hood that has had no part In any great In politics we have had difi- and important tasks, indeed, but they t been exciting—the reform of the ce and of the system of currency, ovement of municipal govern- are chiefly administrative. In are not new nor positive put the correction of past errors. In communities polities has fallen into 1s of petty brigands, and in oth- 0 those of second-rate men, partly it has offered little constructive to do. Its duties have been routin © duties only a com- distine men, and to dishonest ones. tT of our public @ natural result of the lack tructive opportunities. Th i men of this generation have and sought careers by the public servants who owe wer to the practical inactivity of men who criticise them. In liter- w ave well-nigh lost th ve writing, for we work lems, and content adventures in criticism. It th books which had_per- oks of Utoy led with very different by whose fantastic the dullness of the en hi d seriously to shap mal conduct—Progress and Pove' kward, and Coin'’s Fina: fervor, roman lion hav ave tr were y routine toll. has been eforms, of the “emanctpa- men, of national erganizations f sc for the prevention of r vices ar the encouragement no 1 fc ofr rtues, of the study of genea Ps rise of morbid fiction, of jour- * of Hterature for babe because we the stage eriti- rather than of cist thought and ion A Lack of Opportunity. things all denote a lack of adven- turous ortunities, an indoor life such as e had a chance to en- ations that ome irksome, natural to us. Greater a period also of ag aS men of our enjoyed—sanitary im- € multiplication and the versities, the establish- nd the lication of w of human as we had made war im- pitals, rowth had true th: rs of adventure beh to endure a life of oc- n feed the imagina- temperament that mes of national policy in farewell addresses an books. No national char- acter was ever shaped by formula or by r forces than these the forces of Inheritance and Are we. by virtue of our sur- x8 and institutions, become a dif- le from our ancestors the same race of Angl in colonization, is in in “the spread of civ- | pire. | plots ilization,” -has carried their speech into every part of the world, and planted their habits everywhere? Events Follow Fast. Within a week such a question, which we had hitherto hardly thought seriously to ask during our whole national exist- ence, has been put before us by the first foreign war that we have had since we came firmly established as a nation. Be- ¢ knew the meaning of foreign pos- sessions in a world ever growing more jealous, we have found ourselves the cap- ters of islands in both great oceans, and from our home-staying policy of yester- y we are brought face to face with world-wide forces in Asia as well as in Europe, which seem to be working, by the opening of the orient, for one of the st changes in human history. Until while ago our latest war dispatch- es came from Appomattox. Now our lat- est dispatches (when this is written) come from Manila. The news from Appomattox concerned us only. The news from Manila sets every statesman and soldier in the world to thinking new thoughts about us, and to asking new questions. And to no- bedy has the change come more unex- pectedly than to ourselves. Has it come without our knowing the meaning of it? The very swiftness of these events and the ease with which they have come to pass * matter for more serious thought than the unjust rule of Spain in Cuba, or than any tasks that have engaged us since we rose to commanding physical power. Our Greatest Victory. The removal of the scandal of Spain's control of its last American colony is as just and merciful as it is pathetic—a neces- sary act of surgery for the health of civ- ilization. Of the two disgraceful scandals of modern misgovernment, the one which within our correction will no longer deface the world. But when we have re- rroved it, let us make sure that we stop; for the old world’s troubles are not our troubles, nor its tasks our tasks, and we should not become sharers in its jealoustes nd entanglements. The continued pro- the race in the equalization of op- rtunity and in well-being depends on mocratic institutions, of which we, un- der God, are yet, in spite of all our short- comings, the chief beneficiaries and cus- todians. Our greatest victory will not be over Spain, but over ourselves—to show once more that even in its righteous wrath the republic has virtue of self-restraint. At every great emergency in our history we have had men equal to the duties that faced us. The men of the revolution were the giants of their generation. Our civil war brought forward the most striking personality of the century. As during a period of peace we did not forget our cour- age and efficiency in war, so, we believe, during a peried of routine domestic politics we have not lost our capacity for the lar- gest statesmanship. The great merit of democracy is that, out of its multitudes, whe have all had a chance for natural de- velopment, there arise, when occasion de- mands, stronger and wiser men than any class-governed societies have ever bred. +o ——__—__ CHINESE CONSERVATISM. A Bar to Improvements on the Ways of Their Revered Ancestors. From the St. Louis Globe-Democrat. The two national traits which retara progress in China, according to Dr. Chester, secretary of foreign missions of the Pres- byterian Church South, are the “monu- mental and unparallel2d conceit” of the people and their “conservatism, which has been better described as their adamantine, bifadfold satisfaction In the past. The first thing one sees of China, coming from this direction, ls th city of New Shanghai. It is a fine modern city with numerous facteries, well equipped; lghted by » with a wide boulevard, lined icent row of business houses three or four stories in height, with hand. , a system of water works iy lences of modern One would suppose that all rable things, taken cut there and down before the eyes of the Chi- would exeite their admiration and te a desire to have the same advan- sui we pass through a gate, through high stone wall that separates New the from Old Shanghal, and find ourselves in the midst of a typical Chinese city—a city mal cen ng about the least pretension to de- and cleanliness of any city in the em- We ask the citizens of Old Shanghai if they would not lke to have clean water and clean streets and houses with grass around them, and they say: ‘No. Our ancestors for thousands of y2ars have dispensed with such things, and shall we set up ourselves to be wiser and better than they J was told that the citizens of New Shanghai offered to extend their wat2r sup- ply, free of charge, to Old Shanghai, in the Lope of averting the pestilences that came ‘om the canals. A committee from Oid Shanghai was sent over to examine the water. Its members went back and re- ported that they did not like it, that It had no body to it lixe the water of their canals, and that it had “neither taste nor smell.” It might be thought that there would b2 some hope from the litterati of the coun- try, but the litterati live in the hope ef ob- taining an office under the Chinese system, so they stand Itk2 a stone wall of opposition egainst all changes or reforms. The edu- cation of these men consista .argely in the memorizing of books from 1,000 to 3,G0C years old, and the things they know are things that come as near as anything tn the world could come to being worth abso- lutzly nothing. Those who by bribery or some other means do at last recelve an official appoint- ment receive but a nominal sum as salary. They are supposed to supplement this in such ways as they can—by pilfering money that pass:s through their hands, by exact- ing money from litigants and by torturing aceused persons until the highest amount possible is wrung from their relatives in order to secure their release. I suppose that if the devil had be2n employed to de- a system for promotion of official cor- om he could not have improved on this system. There is nothing that presents such a tremendous obstacle to our misssion werk as the official system in China. eee Good Service. From Harper's Barar. Although it may be true that the best service is that which we render joyfully with our hearts, and because we love our werk and its object, yet there is a grandeur in the work of a man who does what he dislikes, and what is abhorrent te his na- ture, from a stern conviction that it ts his duty to do it. It is easy to work when we love our work. We bear days and n‘ghts of toil and priva- ticn with patience when we are doing what we wish to do. We think of the fulfillment ot our desire, and with that end in view our hearts go out toward !ts accomplish- mrent, and nothing is hard that helps us to bring it about. Or if we are working for one we love, the task may be hard and unvleasant, but we lebor joyfully, happy that we are making the comfort of the loved one. But when none of these elements enter into our labor; when the work is uncon- gertal, and the object one with which we do not sympathize; whea there is no love nywhere to soften the pain, and no inter- «st to make the time pass quicker; when thing upholds the spirit but the stern de- nd of the daily duty, und nothing eases the tired mind but the grim thought that more day’s werk is over—what then? that worth notning? rest on such a life! Far jod’s pit harder than to face cannon, by which one’s life may go out quickly, 1s 1t to live through i such a living death. — +. _—____ Indians in Wisconsin. From the Milwaukee Sentinel. Wisconsin has at this late day about 9,000 Indians of various tribes, all of whom, with the exception of the Winnebagos, wear practically the ordinary clothing of the white man. The Winnebagos alone cling to the native mode of living, occupy- ing their wigwams in even the coldest weather. One-half of the members of the other trib the Milwaukee Sentinel says, speak enough English for the purpose of ordinary conversation, and more than one- half read the English language. They are fast learning to recognize the legality of matrimoniai relations. Eighty-five per cent of them are engaged in pursuits of civilized life; ten per cent In hunting, fishing and root gathering and the like; only five per ‘cent Live exclusively on government rations. Of the 1,500 Oneidas, the 1,300 Menominees, and the 500 Stockbridges and Munsees, all live on labor tn civilized pursuits. Many of the Oneidas compare favorably in thrift, cleanliness and rational life enjoyment with tne whites in their vicinity. SOME ROYAL PRETENDERS They Ate Ready at Any Time to Occupy a Throne. Don Carlos and the Spanish Crown— The Duke of Orleans and His Claim, From the English Mustrated Magazine. The Duchess Maria Theresa of Lorraine @Este, wife of Prince Louis of Bavaria, descends, in fact, direct from Charles I io the ninth generation by the female line, end thus obtains her so-called right of in- heritance to the crown of the Stuarts. The duchess does not, however, attach much importance to the claims made in her be- half, for she herself was the first to ask of her father-in-law, the old Prince Regent of Bavaria, that her son, Prince Rupert, might be sent to Ergland as the represen- tative of his house on the occasion of the diamond jubilee celebration. But if John Bull kas no serious claimants for his king- aom, Jacques Bonhomme is not so for- tunate. He has enough and to spare. The chief cf these is, cf course, the Duke of Orleans, who is no silent pretender. Then there is Don Carlos, Duke of Mad- rid, chief of the beurbons, who, claiming the crown of Spain by the Salic law, could a'so, in virtue of the same rights, claim that of France. The death of the Comte de Chambord left him chief of the house, and there are even now in France old roy- alists who hate the Orleans—‘‘the usurp- ers,” as they call them—and pray Gevoutiy that Don Carlos may one day sit on che throne of St. Louis. But hitherto the Don has been considered in France as entirely a Spaniard; and one cannot reasonably ex- pect him to succeed, even if he should seriously contemplate advancing his claim. The only son of Don Carlos, Don Jaime, is now an officer in the Russian army, and we have the curious coincidence of a Bona- parte and a bourbon in the same army ani in the same country. The other possible French claimants are somewhat less seri- ous, and to most Frenchmen are merely royalties pour rire. The best known is the good Dutchman of Teteringen, who signs “Charles Louis de Bourbon, Duc de Nor- mandie,” and who calls himself the son of Louis XVII, the poor child of Louis XVI, who died at the Temple in 1795. The par- tisans of this claimant, whom others call simply ‘“Naundorff,” make up in earnest- ness what they lack in numbers. For the Throne of Portugal. An abolition of the Salic law provoked in Portugal a struggle for the throne several years before the first Spanish Carlist war. The old king, Dom Pedro IV, wished to leave the throne of Portugal to his eldest daughter, Dona Maria de Gloria, when he left that of Brazil to his only son, Dom Pedro, the poor emperor who died a few years since at a Paris hotel. Dom Miguel had been named regent during the minority of Dena Maria, but on his bpother’s death he proclaimed himself king, and Portugal was given up to a six years’ war between the partisans of the uncle and those of the niece. At length the unele was beaten and chased out of Portugal, him and his, for- ever. The only son of Dom Miguel, who bears his father’s name, is at present set- tled in Austria. He is the sole Portuguese pretender, a pretender caring little and un- likely to dare the tremendous stroke of re- conquering the crown from the branch of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha which reigns at Lisbon. In founding Italian unity, nearly forty years azo, Victor Emmanuel created for his country a number of pretenders who have now no longer any chance of recovering their lost thrones. Garibaldi swept away from the throne of the Two Sicilies the young King Francois, and added him to the list of those unfortunate sovereigns who drift from hotel to hotel, isolated and ig- nored, to settle finally in Paris or some other great metropolis. After a lamentable existence the dethroned Francois died in poverty two ye: ving no children to take up his hopeless cause, His brother, the Count of Caserta, has accordingly noti- fied the foreign ccurts of his succession to the chimerical title of claimant to the throne of Naples. Another Lialian, the ex- Duke Robert of Parma, who was dispo- sessed of his estates at the age of eleven, after the assassination of his_ father, Charles Til, lives quietly in his Castle of Wartegg, in the midst of his fourteen chil- dren, well persuaded that his estates are forever lost. Always Ready. The pretenders, indeed, are always ready, but chere is many a slip 'twixt the cup and the Hp. The country of Roumania has no exiled royalties. The descendants of the old hospodars—the Sturdza, the Ghika and others—have plenty of partisans; but King Charles fears rivalry so little that the members of these ancient reigning families occupy the first posts In the kingdom. In Bulgaria, Prince Ferdinand, who dreams of wearing a royal crown, is in the happy po- sition or having no important rival to his throne. Alexander of Battemberg, who died four years ago, has certainly left a_ son, Arsene, Count of Hartenau; but as he is barely eight years old, and takes after his mother, Jeanne Loisinger, he hardly counts a3 a political power. Yet it is possible that when he arrives at man’s age he may pose as a competitor with the young Prince Ko- ris. It only remains to speak of Turkey and the unfortunate sultan, Murad V, who, un- der the pretext of madness, was dethroned by his brother Abdul after five months’ reign, and shut up in a sort of palace prison. There he has remained for the last twenty-one years, and is likely still to re- main, for the victories lately won by the “Great Assassin,” have strengthened his shaky throne, and there are very few Mus- sulmans who now think of Murad. Be- sides, Abdul Hamid has a rapid method of replying to those who manifest too much sympathetic curiosity about his prother. He makes them disappear. It is practi- cal, radical and oriental at the same time. Ss Drunkenness Among Animals. From Lippineott’s. Most of the higher animals—as monkeys, elephants, bears, horses and dogs—have 2 natural fondness for fermented liquors, and suffer from the abuse of these liquors as men do. From the beok of Maccabees it is evident that war elephants were maddened of old with new wine, as they have been and are with arrack down to the present time. Managers of menageries and em- ployes at the various zoological gardens know that the elephants under their care are prepared to go on a wild drunk when- ever opportunity offers. Whisky is official- ly given them when they are ill or low— the quantity varying from five to ten gal- lens, according to the requirements of the caxe. This is put into their drinking water. Bears and monkeys drink beer like German students, and love whisky equaily well. In Africa the natives make use of this evil trait to capture their poor relations. The monkeys there are extremely fond of a beer brewed by the natives. So the latter place quantities of the Nquor within easy reach of the monkeys and wait until their vic- tims are thoroughly befuddled. In this state they are unable to recognize the dif- ference betwen negro and ape. When the negro takes the hand Of one of them to lead him off a second monkey takes the hand of the first, a third that of the second, and so on. A single negro may sometimes be seen carrying off a string of staggering monkeys. Fresh doses of beer in decreas- fog quantities are administered to the cap- tives, 20 that they may only gradually awaken to the sad results of their spree. e+ ——___ Relics of Spanish Dominatio: From the New Orleans Picayune. All that is now visible In the city of New Orleans that recalls the Spanish domination in Louisiana is comprised in the Chapel of the Ursulines on Chartres street (built in 1785), the St. Louis Cathedral (completed about 1793-94) and the Cablido and Presby- tery buildings (erected a few years after the building of the cathedral), which flank the church on either side. Similarly, only one relic of the French colonial days of Louisiana survives in the city, and this is the old Ursuline convent on Ursulines street near Chartres, which is now the oldest relic of the presence of Europeans in the Mississippi! Valley. Thus, by the compensating whirligigs of the mighty wheel of time, has the beautiful land of Louisiana become almost entirely freed from outward and material evidences of the foreignism that for a little while was permitted to be its master. RANDOM: VERSE, rear Ensign Worgh Hagley. | (Cardenas, May 11,1808.) Written for The Evening Star by Marton Conthony Smith. We bring a wreath for the-victor’s heads What bring we for the gallant dead? Is there, in all the store of spring, So lovely and so pure a thing, Worthy for one brief hour to rest On that young, silent: breast? Brothers, who stood, fn days gone by, At deadliest conilict,ieye te eye, See now the years’ rich heritage! ‘The sout» holds for Her prigeless gage, + This flower of manboud—gift divine— Laid low hefore the nation’s shrine, First ma_tyr in the boliest strife ‘That ever claimed a Life! Bring latrel for the victor's head! Being tenderer blooms to crown the dead— Who gave his youth, bts strength untried, His heart's first passion and its pride, To that uear cause for which we bleed— Man's freedom and a people's need. Lord, when such hero souls take flight, Oh, bless them with pe:petual light! And keen within Thy paradise Our nation’s sacrifice! Kast Orange, N. J. Song of the Soldiers, 1861—1865, Comrades, known in marches many, Comrades, tried in dangess many, Comrades, bound by metories many, Brothers let us be. Wounds or sickness mmy divide us, divide us, ude us, Brothers of the heart are we, Comrades, known by faith the clearest, ‘Tried when dezth was near Bound we x And, if spared, and growing vider, Shoulder still in lve with shoulder, And with hearts no thrill the colder, Brothers ever we shall be. By comnmmnion of the banner— Crimson, white and starry banner— By the baptism of the banner, Children of one church are we. Creed nor faction can divide us, Race nor langu: 1 divide us, SUill, whatever fate betide us, Children of the flag are we. CHARLES 8 Italian Folk Song. Lily Wolffsohn in the Nineteenth Century. Q swallow, swallow, flying over sea, Stay but one nioment! I would speak to thee, Would pluck a feather from thy wing so bright, Wherewith a letter to my love to write. Then will I hide it under thy swift wit That thou it safely to my true love bri O swallow! when thou hoveicst abov ‘Tell her, “Th s message is sent thee bj + ee The Return. Arthur J. Symonds In Littell's Living Age. HALPINE. hy lovert"” A little hand is knocking at my heart, And I have closed the door, “I pray thee, for the love of God, depart. Thou shalt come fir no more."” n. for Iam weary of the way. The nigut is very black. T have been wandering ma night and day. Open. 1 have come back. The little hand is knocking patiently. L listen, dumb with pain. “Wilt thov not open any more to me? T have come back again.” “I will not open any more. I, that once lived, am de: The that had been kuyocking at my heart Was still, “And 1?” she said. There is wo sound. save, Jn tlie w The sound ef wind and rath, All that I loved in all geld stands there, And will net knock Depart. an er air, Dawa, | Walter Hogg in the Londoa Spectator. Over the chilly rea ° The Da s shivert t dicams elinging to her eyes, > she: waits a xBtes, jor allen skies; A timid stranger up A little while, and lot, Her mbe of palligk snow Kindles to silver shot with, orauge streaks; As the still sites; mnfoisl Swift chinge from, gray. to gold, How the rose-red flushes list virgin cheeks! She hears from: tiny throats Melodious greeting notes, ‘The waters brighten foaming Pr Over many a drowsy mile Earth wekens with a suile, And Dawn's heart leaps her loveliness to great. her feet, Dawn grows to Day ‘That ingly takes leave, Brought in the sun's ear o'er the shining dome; ‘Then in the Night's recess She drinks forgetfulness, In dreams knows not the Day's desired home. to Eve, So when she comes again Across the glocming iain, Ever thus sad and strange is that new birth, Ever unknown and new ‘The joy that thrili« her through, Kindled at sight of the awakening Earth. Ever man's aged eyes Greet with new sweet surprise The Mly of heaven, child of ui days deceased, And man’s heart, old so long, Uplitts the primal scng, Smitten like Memnon from the sacred East. —+e+—___ Invited Guests, From Life. « A crowd of Troubles passed him by As he with Courage waited; He said, “Where do you ‘Troubles fly ~ When'you are thus belated?” “We go,”" they sald, “to those who moj Whe Took on life dejected, ies Who weakly say ‘good-by’ to hope— We go where we're expected.” ee ae The Song of the Spanish Main, John Bennett in the Chap Book. Out in the south, when the day 1s done, And the gathered winds go free, Where golden-sanded rivers run, . Fair Istands fade in the setting’ sun, And the great ships stagger, one by one, Up from the windy sca. Out in the south, when a twilight shroud Hangs over the ocean's rim, Sail on sail, like x ing cloud, Galleon, brigantine, cannon-browed, ich from the Indies homeward crowd, > Singing a Spanish bymn, Out in the south, when the sun has set, And the lichtning flickers pale, The cannon bellow their deadly threat, The ships griad, all in a erlmson sweat, And hoarse throats call, “Have you str Across the quarter-rafl, en yet?" Out tn the south, in the dead of night, . When I hear the thunder speak, Tis the Englishmen in thelr pride and might, Mad with glory and blind with fight, Locked with the Fighting them Spaniards, left and right, cheek to cheek, Out in the south. whe Walks cold on the And the mists of the Silvery violet, blindtug bright, Drift in glory from hefght to height Where the vhite-tafled eagles soar; ‘There comes a song through the salt and 6 Blood-kin to the ocean'e rome: sites “All day long down Florez’ way Richard Grenville stands, at ba: Come and take him if y¢ mayf Then hush, forevermord” ? the dawn’s pale light, aten shore, night like clouds of fight, Speech. Ella Wh-eler Wilcox, in. Wortan's Home Com- Danipn, Talk happiness. ‘The world 48 ¥ad enough Without your woes. No path 1s wholly rough; Look for the places that are smooth and clear, And speak of those to rest.{he weary Of earth, so hurt by one ebntinuous strain Of human discontent and grief and pain. Talk falth. . The world ts hetter off without Your uttered ignorance and morbid doubt. If you have faith in God, wr man, or self, Say so; if not, push back’ upon the shelf Of silence all your thoughts ‘til faith shall come; No one will grieve because-yourilips are dumb. Talk health. The droary, xever-changing tale Of mortal maladies ts Worn and stale. ‘ou cannot charm, or interest, -er please. Say you ate Weln oa eer aeaee. eli, or all ig well seith you, And oem shall hear your words and make them Extles, Charlotte Perkins Stetson in the New England ‘Magazine. Exiled from home! ‘The far sea rolls Ti lihood"taflng gine" fa Ste e ing 1 of 801 Pulls half across the canbe Exiled from home! From all fam‘Nar thin; Accuntomd laters et eye ings, ustomed labors. tha: light Loved’ stepe 0a" the woo ose et ‘Your iris sent forth alone hearts need close compantoning; No love and ‘hardly friendships may they own— No volce of welcoming. Blinded with homesick tears the exile stands; To toll for alien household gods she comes; Avservant and a a our lands— within our NOT A REDEEMING FEATURE The Ooyote Well Deserves the Contempt of All Mankind. Preys on the Ranches of the West— Fleet of Foot md Very Treacherous, 7 Frem the San Francisco Chronicle. Yellowish gray of fur, sharp of eye, fleet of foot, el coyote drifts past yoyr vision in the wide sweeps of the Nevada west, bear- ing—so the Indians will tell you—the souis of the dead. Yet no term of opprobrium is so instantly and indignantly resented by a Piute as the name “‘coyote.”” One cannot wonder at it, either, for it seems of all the sneaking, slinking four- footed creatures of the animal world none so merit the contempt of mankind as these little mongrel wolves of the plains. Generally speaking, one can find in the least atiractive creature some trait com- manding our respect, but the coyote seems without a redeeming characteristic which might make him other than he is—almost the most despised of the animal kingdom. Coyotes are the sheep and cattle men’s ever-watchful foe. There is no band of sheep that is not continually trailed by the camp followers, and, though rifles and strychnine are used with good effect on them, yet they do not seem to be entirely effectual in ridding the country of the ma- rauders. In one night a herder may lose forty or fifty sheep through the quick work cf iwo or three of these little tawny- skinned fellows of the plains, despite his watchful care, despite the dogs’ constant guarding. Many are under the mistaken impression that coyotes only attack animals tha young or very small. They will kill cattic as readily as sheep if they find any weak ones, or if they can take them at a disad- vantage. At such times they do not attack singiy, but in smal! packs; though they are generally seen alone or in pairs, it being unusual to observe more than two or three together at any time. Still, I can instance a pack of eleven that one morning trotted away from a close corral, where through the previous night they collected, drawn by the continuous wailing of some seventy-tive or a hundred fréshiy weaned calves. The coyotes had been attracted by the inces- sant bawling and had stayed about trying in vain to effect an entrance until daylight, bringing men to feed the weaniings, frightened them away. Following a Man, Not long ago there was a report of coy- otes following a wounded man who, for three days and nights, crawled along a lonely trail. He had bee thrown from his the fall resulting in both legs being broken. For forty-eight hours he had pull- ed himself along as best h. ld by t aid of his arms, dragging his c: ppled legs through th that led to the nearest si When found Was ni ly dead from thirst and tion, and told that had it not bee coyotes which continually snapped he would have given up long b when he became quiet the snarling gathered about him, and only by them ¢ F uid he keep their off. The horror of it « ith renewed strength to reach the point wher he wes found. Every winter trappers working along t rivers of the sage-brush loc S of the West cateh many of them, though it does not seem to sen their numb uble extent. And the en s rvelous. If, by chance, the small porcion wil s he ely 2 round until he cu round a leaving self-amputated toes of his former presence when ¢ trap sprung in the morning. Hides, if taken in the winter tanned, make beautiful soft rc strong. They tear or split e: Trappers ship them to the larger citics of the n dle west, where they bring but from 3 and well s, but not to $1 per skin. In the majority where they are obt: z 5 cents at the res county Yhere has been much complaint—perhaps w 1 grounded—that trappe: alps where the bounty to such places as offer a high and in many places % is paid. Fleet of Fost. When el coyote goes trotting away in that slow, swinging gait that presently breaks into the easy lope which is so de- ceiving as to its spced,eit seems to be a lit- tle animal, not difficult to overtake. But you will meet with some violent surprises if you attempt to race one, unless you are sure of the capabilities of the horse you are riding. The coyote assumes a look of supreme indifference—will, perhaps, turn around and leisurely survey you until as- sured that he is in a verity pursued—then there is a startled backward glance, a sud- den, lurching, sidewise twist, a flirt of the tail, and el coyote flattens himself and Stretches himself out in a race that you will need the help of whip and spur to win. Vaqueros often riding ths range for cattle give them a race, and not infrequently ch them with a deftly thrown ri: following out the cowboy’s idea of the animal will be earmarked and branded with the brand of their “outfit” and turned loose, to be seen and recog- nized many a time thereafter. El coyote is a good long-distance runner. I remember a morning at Queen City, near the Oregon line, in Nevada, when I was awak-ned at 6 o'clock by the baying of the well-known MeCaréy pack—iwenty or thir- ty imported fox and deer hounds—as they were turned loose to follow the scent of a coyote that had passed in the night. But, though the little gray ghost of the desert was fleet of foot, he had company that could not only keep up his pace but over- take him; for young McCurdy, in camp twenty miles away, saw the pack pass in pursuit at 8 o'clock that morning. Aud fur- ther up the valley others saw the dogs go by—th> famous “Cap” in the lead—and still others witnessed, before 10 o'clock, the coy- ote run down. The little fellow had given them a long chase, but a good pack was too much for even his endurance. Coyotes will flea at the sight of a thor- oughbred hound, but they are often seen playing with the mongrel curs that infest the average Indian camp. And dogs of mixed shepherd and coyote blood are not infr2quently noted. getting ma: sell them er bounty, +o +—_____ MR. DOOLEY ON STRATEGY. His Views on a Subject of Great Im- portance Just Now. From the Chicago Journal. “A sthrateejan,” said Mr. Dooley, in re- sponse to Mr. Hennessy’s request for infor- mation, “ls a champeen checker-player. Whin th’ war broke out me frind Mack wint to me frind Hanna an’ says he, ‘What,’ he says, ‘what can we do to cr-rush th’ haughty power iv Spain? he says, ‘an’ br-ring this hateful war to a early con- clusion?” he says. ‘Mobilize th’ checker- players,’ says Hanna. An’ frm all cor- rners iv th’ counthry they've gene to Washin'ton, where they're called th’ sthrateejy board. “Day an’ night they set in a room with a checker-board on th’ end iv a flour bar'l an’ study problems {v th’ navy. At night Mock dhrops in. ‘Well, boys,’ says he, ‘how goes th’ battle?’ he says. ‘Gloryous,’ says th’ sthraateejy board. ‘Two more moves an’ we'll be in th’ king row.’ ‘Ah,’ says Mack, ‘this is too good to be thrue,’ he says. ‘In but a few brief minyits th’ dhrinks'll be on Spain,’ he says. ‘Have ye any plans fr Sampson's fleet? he says. ‘Where: is it? says th’ sthrateejy board. ‘I dinnaw,’ says Mack., ‘Good,’ says th’ sthrateejy board. ‘Where's th’ Spanish fleet?” says they. ‘Bombardin’ Boston, in Cadiz, in San June de Matzoon, sighted ‘near th’ gas house be our special correspondent, copyright, 1808, be Mike O'Toole.’ ‘A sthrong position,’ says th’ sthrateejy board. ‘Undoubtedly th’ fleet. is headed south to attack and seize Armour’s glue factory. Ordher Sampson to sail north as fast as he can an’ lay in a supply iv fice. ‘Th’ summer’s comin’ on. Insthruct Schley to put on all steam an’ thin put it off again, an’ call us up be tele- phone. R-rush elghty-three millyon throops an’ four mules to Tampa, to Mobile, to Chickenmaha, to Coney Isiand, to Ireland, to th’ divvle, an’ r-rush thim back again. Don't r-rush thim. Ordher Sampson to pick up th’ cable at Lincoln Par-rk an’ run into th’ bar-rn. Is th’ balloon corpse r-ready? It is? Thin don’t sind it up. Sind it up. Have th’ Mulligan Gyards co- op’rete with Gomez an’ tell him to cut away his whiskers. They-ve got tangled in th’ riggin’. We need yellow fever throops Have ye anny yellow fever in th’ house? Give It to twinty thousand, three hundhred men an’ sind thim afhther Gov'nor Tan- ner. Teddy Rosenfelt’s r-rough r-riders ar-re down stairs havin’ their uniforms pressed. Ordher thim to th’ goluf links at wanst. They must be no _ indecision. Where's Richard Harding Davis? On th’ bridge tv the New York? Tur-rn th’ bridge. Seize Gin'ral Miles’ uniform. We must strenthen th’ gold resarve. Where's th’ Gussie? Runnin’ off to Cuba with wan hundherd men an’ ar-rms, iv coorse. Oh, war is a dhread‘ul thing. It's ye’er move, Claude,’ says th’ sthrateejy board. “An’ so it goes on, an’ day be day we r-read th’ tur-rble story iv our brave sthrateejans sacrificin’ their time on th’ altar iv their counthry, as Hogan says. Little we thought whin we wint into this war Iv th’ horrors it wud bring. Little we thought iv th’ mothers at iiome weepin’ fr their brave boys down‘at Washin’ton hur-rtin’ their poor eyes over a checker board. Little we thought fv these devoted men, as Hogan says, with achin’ heads. Plannin’ to sind three hundherd thousand millyon men an’ a carload iv beans to their fate at Tampa, F But some wan must be sacrificed, as Hogan says. An’ these poor fellows in Washin‘ton with their r-red eyes an’. their tired backs will be an exam. ple to future ginerations, as Hogan sai iv how an American soldier ean face his Jooty whin he h an’ how ke can’t whin he hasn’t to. “Dewey ain't a sthrateejan Hennessy. “No,” sald Mr. Dooley. is a good ma-an an’ I'm very fond iv him, more be raison Iv his doin’ that May-o bosthoon Pat Mountjoy, but he has low tastes. We niver cud make a sthrateejan iv him. They’se a kind iv a vulgar fight- in’ sthrain in him that makes him want to #0 out an’ slug » Wan wanst a month. I'm glad he in Washin’ton. ‘Th’ chances are he'd go to th’ sthrateejy board an’ pull its hair,” ——_—_+ e+ ____ PRIZE MONEY FOR SEA CAPTURE. to inquired Mr. “Cousin George Bonanzas for Officers and Crews of Blockaders in Civil War. From the Reston Jou: in the civil war many of the Union cruisers and blockaders made captures which enriched their officers and gave real bonanzas to their crews. Thus, ihe gun- boat Amanda, when she captured the an, made $202 available for distribu- tion. The guntoat Augusta netted a round $400,000 by making a prize of the British blockade runner Princess Royal; the brig Bainbridge also took a hand in the capture of the Swan, when $202,298 was set aside for distribution, The cruiser Blenville earned $202,000 for her lucky officers and in the capture of the Stettin and 000 more in the capture of the Patras; the frigate Brooklyn, one of Farragut’s fighting fleet, got $167,404 for catching the blockade runner Magnolia; the sloop-of- war Canandaigua caught $14 with the slippery Cherokee; the gunboat Cimerone reat luck with her $450,000 prize the Circassian, a captured block- er herself, earned a cool quarter 0 jon when with Uncle S ngs biue- jackets on deck she overtook an@ seized the Min The s f-war Cumberland, that Ill- fated but glorious ship, which ‘afterward fell a first vietim to the Merrimac, was one of the six h shared the capture of the $239, watha. The smart little gunboat Au took one $100,000 pri The gunboat Huntsville shared in the $1 000 Magnolia; the Iron Age captured 000 in the Robert E. Lee: the Iroquois a share of $200,000 in the Mer: Magnolia took the Memphis. and cargo, made $5 a bution, Mercedita, barge out of Bost 600 distribution du her confederate ship ilable for dis- now shared in the $1 an ungainly coal n the Magnolia as ze. The double-ender Octoro: ed $230,000 when she brought under her guns; the gr the Quaker City, one of h the Union navy merchant marin mo in the capture of the Amy War- £150,000 in the Douro and a share of x”) in the Lily; the Rhode Island, an- other -whe; nt cruiser, took &: out of the ble de runner There were few richer prize n the 00 which the R. R. ria Cuyler, another merchant cruiser, captured in the Kate Dale. The Uago de Cuba, still another iS merchant fighting ship, and one of stest of the Union crut: al terror to our bloc! lish brethren. She took about a dozen es. The richest of them were the $126 000 Columbi: the $174,000 Britannia and the $320,000 Victor When the Somerset captured the Circassian, a fine fast fron craft, the courts decreed $200,000 for prize money. The South Carolina, built at South Boston, a stanch tron propeller, which be- fore the war used to run between Boston and New Orleans, helped in the capture of the $167,000 Magnolia and a dozen other lesser prizes. Even the lumbering old Sup- ply, a store vessel, and a sa ling ship at that, made a prize of the Stephen Hart, a ),000 capture. Tre sloop-of-war Susquehanna earned $300,000 in the Ann; the double-ender Tioga shared in the $330,000 Victory; the ninety- day gunboat Unadilla caught $231,000 In the Lodona and a share of the $400,000 prize money due for the Princess Royal. The Vanderbilt, which that Patriotic millionaire Zave to the service—his own private yacht —took $373,000 in the Peterhoff; $560,000 more was earned for distribution when the swift Atalanta fell a prize to the stout monitor Weehawken. Se How to Color a Pipe. From the Chicago Post. There is a woman in Chicago who Is said to be an expert upon the question of color- ing meerschaum pipes, theoretically, of course, for she never smoked in her life. This feminine “pipe doctor,” as she is styled, was born in France, and has spent her life in studying pipes. “A great many young men,” she say “bring me meerschaums which they have smoked for six or cight months, and ask why the pipes have failed to acquire the dark coloring scen in the meerschaums of those who are veterans in the art. I al- ways know that such customers are begin- ners, and have never before attempted to cclor a pipe. The fact fs, that the finest n.eerschaum ey imported could not be given a perfect color without being boiled in vil at just the right stage in its develo; ment. Simply smoking it, no matter how great the care exercised to prevent burning or how rich and jvicy the tobacco, would never in the world secure the desired re- sult. “There are scores of veteran colorists who invariably smoke their meerschaums altogether too long before having them boiled. Of course, it 1s absolutely impos- sible to make any hard and fast rules reg- ulating the length of time that the pipe should be smoked before being sent to the kettle. Many things enter into that cot sideration, but chiefly the quality of the meerschaum. If the iutter is very soft, the pipe, in the hands of a steady smoker, will be ready for the oil in a week, while a hard pipe will require three weeks of ai most constant smoking to make it ‘ripe’ for its hot bath. “The standard of shading at which most smokers aim is a very dark brown, almost black, for the base of the bowl and the be- ginning of the stem, and a rich cherry for the upper portion of the bowl. This gives a variety of shading. As the pipe is smoked after coming from the kettle, the dark-brown base and stem will gradually become charcoal black, while the cherry- colored upper half of the bowl will acquire a@ yellowish tinge. —_——_—_-e-—____. Chinese Did Not Know. From the St. Louts Gicbe-Democrat. ‘The shape of the earth was suspected by some philosophers even in ancient times, but the idea that a continent existed on the side opposite Europe does not appear to have entered the mind of any one previous to the twelfth century, when its possible existence was alluded to by two or three authors, from whom it is supposed Colum- bus received hints as to the feasibility of sailing entirely around the globe. Sir John Mandeville, who lived nearly two centuries before the time of Columbus, stoutly main- tained that not only was the earth round, but that if he had ships and men cour- ageous enough to undertake a three years’ voyage he would venture to elrcumnavigate the globe. Even in the time of Columbus, however, the prevalent idea among the peo- ple was that the earth was flat, and many believed it to be square, from the frequent Biblical allusion to the four corners of the earth. There is nothing in the history of any nation, even of the Chinese, who claim to be the most ancient, to indicate a popu- paareregt in the globular shape of the ear running 23 SCARCITY OF BREAD per nee A Fertile Cause for Revolution in the Past. > CONDITION OF AFFAIRS 4N EUROPE eat The Price of a Loaf Means e Great Deal Over There. a R MARTIAL LAW a ee UND LIFE From the New York Tribune. Bread has justly been deseribed as the staff of life. It is not only the ideal, but also the actual embodiment of what Is meant by the expressi. saries of exisience.” Consequ . for one reason or another, the price of bread goeq up the rise is not only productive of cruel hardships among the poorer classes, fot whom it constitutes the principal and, in some cases, the only nourishment, but {t likewise creates alarm and apprehension among (he well-to-do, who, without actual- ly feeling in their purse the angmented price of bread, nevertheless gather the im- pression that it means an economic up- heaval and a national danger. They can hardly be blamed for this. For nearly every national revolution has been begun vans of bread riots, since the days of rign of terror, when Queen Marie Antoinette made her memorable comment on the popular cry for bread, to the effect that if there was no bread the masses surely content themselves with cake. bread riots in Europe, which now the existen not only of the h throne, but Likewise of the Italian and of the French cabinet, are, shly speaking, excepiion of 1s due ¢ the fact that with Hungary and of le country in urope that pro ore hear a suf- fie amount of grain for national con- sumption. in France, for iustance, as much as 30 per cent of the grain annually con- sumed has to be imported from abroad— this, too, in spite of the efforts made by the various vid world governments io pro- mote agriculture. Heavy Duties on Grain. Heavy duties have been imposed upon for- eign grain with the object of protecting the native farmer and landowner, and in the hope of arresting the tendency of the masses to restrict their attention to manu- facturing industries as more remunerative than agriculture. But the duties, instead of benefiting domestic agriculture, have merely serve to benefit the middle-man— that is to say, the grain deaier and broker, with the consequence that the public have annually become more and more dependent on foreign breadstuffs Untii about twenty years ago most of the grain copsumed in Europe was obtained from Russia. But the Turco-Russian war had the effect of diverting the trade from Ode and other south Russian ports to the United States, and ever since then the European nations have relied upon this county for their grain. And now, owing to the war with Spain, and to the fon quent increase of freight and insurance rates, the price of imported grain has gone up to such an extent in Europe as to place the masses in several of the countri for in, Italy th starvation. An Im mt Item, The price of a loaf of bread counts but l:itie in the eyes of the rich man, save in an abstract and ideal sense. Even the American workingman, with his relatively high wages, can remain indifferent thereto. Lut in Europe, where the wages of labor are smail beyond all American conception, and where the workingman is expected to keer his wife and his family on $1.50 and $2 a week, the increase in the price of a leaf of bread even by a few cents is a mat- ter of vital consideration, and entails the suffering of the pangs of hunger. Perhaps no better illustration of the sub- ject can be given than the figures just pub- lished by the French government. Accord- ing to these, the annual consumption of wheat ia France amounts to 130,00 hectoliters, whereas the annual production does not exceed in the best years hectoliters, and last year amounted to only 85,000,000 hectoliters, so that 45,000,000 he toliters have to be imported from abroad; and it is hardly necessary to say that whenever, through one reason or another, there is any parilcular scarcity of grain the brokers and dealers, as weil as the do- mestic farmer, take advantage thereof to increase the price to as high a figure as is possible. such and France, Price of Wheat. At the present moment the price of grain in Europe is higher than at any previous time for twenty yoars. Indeed, there are some authorities who allege that there has been nothing in the present century to compare with the phenomenally rapid and extreme rise of wheat during the last week. Today wheat is a: $1.14, and it is only nec- essary to recall to mind that when wheat stood at that figure 120 years ago in France the entire country rose in insurrection, ow- ing to the severity of the sufferings of the people caused by hunger. Of course, the present situation with re- gard to the price ot bread is temporary, For, in the first piace, the European gov- ernments—tkat ts to say. those of France, of Itaiy and of Spain, ‘the countries more immediately concerned just at present— have it in their power to suspend the state and municipal duties on grain, which at present amount together to almost 100 per cent ad valorem on imported grain; and then, too, resort can be had to the grain markets of India, a country which pro- duces sufficient corn to supply almost tha whole of Europe, though of y in- ferior to that furnished by United States. But it will require some time to effect the change, and meanwhile the price of bread will remain high and tne popuiar disturbances will continue and would doubt- less develop into fullfledged revolution were it not for the rigorous application of mar- tal law. Martial Law. Martial law is a term so little understood that it may be just as well to state here that it means a suspension of the ordinary agencies of civil government, as weil as of the legal machinery provided by the ordi- nary code for the prevention and punish- ment of crime. It is when the latter finds itself no loager able to fulfill its duties that the responsibility of maintaining or- der is vested in the hands of the military authorities of the district. The command- Ing general assumes powers that are equal to those of a dictator. He punishes crime either summarily or else by military tribu- nals of his own composition. Trial by jury is for the time abolished, as are also the prerogatives conferred by the habeas cor- pus law, and it is within the competence of the commanding general to condemn to death citizens who have committed no of- fenses against the laws of the land, but merely against the rules and regulations that he may see fit to decree. In fact, the existence of martial law in the district de- prives 2ll its inhabitants* temporarily of their rights of citizenship and causes them to be treated in identically the same man- ner as if they were the citizens of a hostile ccuntry, subject to the dictation of a vie- terious invader. It is an intolerable and exasperating position. But at the present moment both Spain and Italy are subjected thereto, and it is quite likely that ere long martial law may also be decreed in France if bread goes on increasing in price. Spectacled Cows. From the New York Herald. Cows with spectacles are to be seen on the Russian steppes. The steppes are cov- ered with snow more than six months of the year. The cows substst on the tufts of grass which crop above the snow, and the rays of the sun on the snow are so daz- zling as to cause blindness. To obviate this calamity, it occurred to a kind hearted man to protect the cows’ eyes in the same Way as those of human beings, and he manufactured smoke colored spectacles which could be safely worn by cattle. These spectacles were a great success and are now worn by upward of 40,000 head of cattle, which no longer suffer from snow blindness.