Evening Star Newspaper, May 7, 1898, Page 18

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, MAY 7, 1898—24 PAGES : CATHEDRAL OF CAJAMALCA. RICH CONCESSIONS American Influence is Steadily Grow- ing in Peru. WEALTH IN COAL AND SILVER MINES InterestIng Trip to the Foot-hills of the Andes. gpa HOW THE NATIVES LIVE es (Copyrighted. 1898, by Frank G. Carpenter.) Special Cerespondence of The Evening Star. PACASMAYO, April 6, 18 FIND THE AMERI- ans very much in evidence in Peru. I me from New York with a 8, on their to the ayo gold r » southern part I met | ha Mr. who told re that he had < Fe~ cured a_ concession rles of New York for the street in her Forbes, for John Se to build electri a and ps of A out the route ing for the Pacifie Compan: to valeabie coal mines in the interior. ‘Thi company has leased the pier here of the Peruvian government for the term of ten years, and it is the idea to make this the terminus of the railroad. The American party at Pacasmayo con- and the builder of the Mexican Na- tional, who is the general manager of the company; Major Wm. M. Phillips of Phil- adelphia, another well-known Pennsyl- vania railroad man, who is acting as chief engineer; Mr. F. S. Rook of New York and Mr. B. H. Kauffmann and son, who have y been in business in South vho new do the chief ship- port business of this part of in addition to these men there is an Herbert Wood, The surveying party has been in the mountains for the past three months. It returned the night before I landed, and I am able to give the latest and fullest news frém my talks with the engineers. But first let me tell you something about the coacession which this company has and its probable effect on South American affairs. If the scheme be carried out as is now contemplated, it will result in put- ting America to the front in Peru, and it will, I believe, make some Americans rich. The Pacific Company has an authorized capital of $20,000,000, and a number of the leading business men of New York, Phil- adelphia and Lima ar> interested in it. It has concessions for valuable coal mines, which lie up in the Andes at a distance of from 75 to 125 miles back from the coast, i has the exclusive right to build and 2 e mines. to Cuth- and lasts for twenty year: ‘fhe country covered by it, and in Which it can have no ¢ itors, runs for about one huaired miles along the coast, und is about as big as the state of Maryland. The company is, I am told, prosecuting its work with its own means, and it is said that there is plenty of money behind ii. The Coal Mines of the Andes. These American coal mines of the Andes, with a good road, would be more valu- abl> than geld mines. There is practically no good cual on the west Pacific coast of South America. Of the 3,000,000 tons used very year the bulk comes from Australia England, British Columb e mines, but none that are al sold on the coast y from $7 to $20 a ton, mand will extend as far north as San Francisco, which now buys much of its fuel fromm Australia. Indeed, it is said that the largest fleet on the Pacific ocean ig the coal fleet. Mr. Gardner tells me that when this road is completed he will be blood. the rooms shown. hualpa’s request war was not made. Then Atahualpa said that if Pizarro would re- lease him he would fill the chief room in the palace in which he was confined with gold to a point as high as h2 could reach. This was agreed to, and for several wei gold was brought in great loads from. all parts ef Peru. long by twenty-two feet wide, and the point up to which it was to b2 filled was desig- nated by a red mark nine feet above the ficor. The gold ‘was in all sorts of shapes. Some of it was composed of gold platcs torn from the Temple of the Sun at Cuzco. There was a great variety of gold>n basins, drinking cups and other dishes. 1 S. The room was seventeen feet a There were kinds and many pieces of beau- When the ‘ved =workmanship. room was almost filled up. to the mark in- dicated, Pizarro ord2red the Indian gold- smiths to melt the whole into ingots, and there was so much gold that they day and night for a month in doing so. Then Pizarro refused to let Atahualpa go, and death. There is a stone in Cajamaleca which the Indians say is stained with Atahuaipa’s orked with a mock trial had him put to PIER AT PACASMAYO. the surface, and both flowing and pumping welis have been exploited. The oll found at Zorritos, north of Paita, yields about thirty per cent of kerosene, is said to be good for both lighting and lubricat- ing purpses. It does not furnish as good a light as our American oil and brings only about half as much in the markets here. I am told that a large number of the com- panies who have tried the Peruvian wells have lost money, and the #nglish consul at Lima estimates that ahout $25,000,000 has been spent without return. Still, there are English and Italian companies which claim that they are working at a profit, and one Italian, named Mr. de Piaggio, is now producing about 6,000 barrels a’ month, while the London and Pacific Company has tank steamers and operates the largest re- finery on the coast. Peruvian Farming. The country scenes here are unlike those of any part of the world. I can show you seme of them in giving you a ride with me through this winding valley to the foot- hills’ of the Andes. We go on a railroad built by an Americen a couple of decades or more ago, but now owned by the Eng- lish syndicate known as the Peruvian Cor- poration. The cars came from the United States, and the ties are from Oregon. The telegraph poles are discarded rails, to which supports have been bolted to uphoid the wires. These iron poles are used on account of the litle ants which here cat anything wooden, but do not seem to bother the ties. The conductor of the train is a little Peruvian, in a linen suit, and on board with us we have a traveling postmaster, who sells stamps, takes up the letters from the various small villages and estates as we stop, ahd hands out mail to the people who come to the train. Notice the little farms which we are passing. The fields are fenced in with thick wal of mud as high as your waist, and irrigat- ing ditches carry sparkling water here and there through them. The water comes from the river, but the irrigation is care- lessly done, and a great part of it goes to waste. There is a rice field. This is one of the best paying crops of this part of Peru, and there are large mills at Pacas- mayo, where the rice is hulled, polished and preparéd for shipment. We go through large estates devoted to the raising of sugar. This is Peru's great- est crop. The most of the estates are owned by foreigners, and some in the past A prison now covers the spot where ace stood, and it is in one of the ef this prison that the stone is The Silver Mines of North Peru. The road will also pass through the rich mining town of Hvalgayoc, where the sil- ver veins are rich beyond description, and from where the silver with which Pizarro’s soldiers shod their horses probably caine. There are copper ond lead mines along the rcute, and as f«~ as I can learn the whole region is full wealth. The workings of the silver mi so far have been after the rudest method: the silver being reduced to a sulphide and carried on mules down to the seacoast, to be shipped to England or Germany for re- uction. ot undeveloped mineral As I write this I see a dispatch in the Lima paper which has just reached here stating that the first installment cf rail: for this road has just been shipped from Philadelphia. work of construction will be rapidly pus ea, for the other foreigners here are ver’ jealous of any American innovations, a will not scruple at anything which will block the wheels of Yankee progress. T' is through the Peruvian corporation, control most of the railways of Peru. development of this concession wil} make the it may possibly result in our getting a coa!- ing Pacifie. here for one of the finest in South America. j 1am told, $1,000,000 to build it. It is made of iron, and is about forty feet wide ard It is to be hoped that the a esnecially so of the English, who, now The and American influence-very strong, tation for our navy in this part of the The pier which has been reared the terminus of the railroad is It cost, just half a mile long. It extends that J distanc2 out into the harbor, and forms one of part of the world. The steamers do not |come to the pier, away, and the gocds are taken out to them in lighters. This is a cattle-growing coun- try, shipped. in slings by means of derricks from the end of the pier and dropping them into the lighters. been thus dropped a lighter is full, and It is takea away to the ship. There is row a railroad track upon the pier, and the cars of the bring their shipments of sugar, coffee and hides out to the ships over it, paying the American company for the privilege. The Of] Regions of Peru and Ecuador the principal shipping places of this but lie some distance and a large ameunt of livestock is Cattle are loaded by raising them When about 100 fat beeves have railroad which gves up this valley All along the coast above here I saw signs of the oil fields of Peru. At one port we stopped and took on thousands of boxes have paid very well. The whole of the coast valleys are adapted to sugar rais ing and the cane grows much more easi here than in our states about the Gulf of Mexico. I visited the Lura Fico estatc the other day. This was managed and bu up by Mr. B. H. Kauffmann. It paid large dividends until the fall in prices of some years ago, when the heart was cut out of the sugar business. Many of the planta- tions changed hands and Lura Fico is now owned by an English syndicate which has tens of thousands of acres of sugar lands. ‘The factory of Lura Fico made 5,000 ters of sugar last year, and it will make more this. The factory alone cost $600,000, and the improvements on the estate have foot- ed up more than a million. The most of the machinery was imported from Phila- delphia, and the machine shops and foun- dry are now using steel plates which’ they import from the United States. This is so notwithstanding the fact that the owners are English. ‘The estate uses steam plows, harrows and cultivators, and I rioticed that the plow points were made at Hartford. The cane is hauled from the fields to the factories by steam cngines over a portabie railroad, and all sorts of modern econcm- ical machinery is employed. There are now over sixty sugar factories on the coast yegion of Peru, and in the neighborhood of $20,000,000 is invested in the business. The amount produced is about 165,000,000 pounds a year. The labor is the native Peruvian Indian, who receives from fifty to eighty cents in silver a Gay, or from 25 to 4t cents of our money. Among the Peons. I wonder how an American tenant would look if h2 were offered a place on one of these Peruvian farms. I refer more espe- cially to those on the smaller estates. I went into one of the houses on a plan- tation near here today. It is a sampl2 of thousands all through Peru. The hut was made of canes, and you could see ouf through the cracks on all sides. The floor was of dirt and the roof of reeds, be- ing only needed to keep out the sun. There was in the house but one room, about 18 feet si ve. In une corner a wooden plat- form about as high as your knees fur- nished the sleeping place for the heads of the family; the children slept on the floor. In another corner was the family cook stove, two stones placed just wide enough apart to allow an earthen cooking pot to rest on them. There were no windows, no chimneys, and, with the exception of a soup box, no furniture. In this house a family of six live, and I doubt not deem themselves happy. Their chickens and goats live with them, and all they want is ALL FOR ART'S SAKE American Stndents Put Up With Many Incotveniences, PHASES OF LIFE IN PARIS STUDIOS Dinners Cost Very:Little and Break- fasts Even Less. BY NO MEANS LUXURIOUS ee Se Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. HALL IT BE SPIN- ach? Say quick! There's just time to put-it boiling.” If not spinach, which is boiled at home in the studio, tt willbe fried pota- toes or Brussels sprouts, which are bought already cook- ed at the little stall across the street. The spinach is more trou- ble, but the stomach of the struggling art student sometimes craves for some other vegetables than “pommes de terre frites,” or ‘“‘choux de Bruxelles,” ready made. The stomach belongs to an American of your age, wko believes that he has more brains than money. His money is not much. If he can live on less than a dollar a day all told, he hopes to hold out in Paris until he gets into the Salon—and then he can sell his pictures in Kalamazoo or Springfield. Stch is the luster of a Paris success. To gct it he pursues art under difficulties in this studio, which is also his kitchen, din- ing room, bed chamber, as well as work rocm, and where he sees his friends. If this were all of Paris he would soon go mad, or become cranky at the least. But Paris, the real Paris, is out of doors, with plenty of free shows and freer company; and so he goe3 on in his studio, consoli himself with the illusion that he is a veri- table Bohemian, and destined to be great because his life is sordid, and ill-fed and uncomfortable generally. It is half-past four in the afternoon when the spinach problem has to be solved. They are two siruggling American art students who are wrestling with it. They are fust ck from their work in the Julian ‘life s. The foreshortening of the model is ged for the lengthening out of their ¢ short-comm: Spinach it is. truggling art student hurries down stairs, five flights, easy to descend, le at the general pro- One the 4 Cowboy. Five or six cents buyithezquantity need- ed to satisfy the artistt¢ appetites, and he hurries back. It is Lis, turn'to prepare the Ginner in the bleak, bare sfjidio under the rcof, where these twetnafural-born gen- fuses—a New York Art Iigague graduate and a St. Louis Fine Arts difto—“pig it’ to- gether. Climbing up the dirk, dirty stirs is not so easy as was'the going down. In one way, he is like thé coWboy, whose life is a wild romance—but he’ knows it not. His life is ag aesthetigasany other Bo- hemian’s. . # The walls are green- shed, except where he and his companions have incidentally cleaned their brushes ih, dabp of variegated color. There is no window from which to look cut even over the, , for the Sky- light, high up to one sig, ig,the only open- ing outward. The furniture, is: Impression- iutic, gathered in scraps where it cost the least. There is a long unpainted bench along the wall. This serves, multitudinous purposes. At one end are a, water jug andi basin, with a cake of soap. The towel, hanging from a nai}, does its best to imitate tapestry. Then scattered artistically along the bench are a cup, a glass, a bowl, a saucepan, a tin can, the necessary spoons, knives and forks—which does not mean one apiece—and last of all the spirit lamp, over which is set cooking the spinach in water, And careful American mothers permit their sons to do ail this in a foreign land! ‘There is an Englishman in Dickens who was sure the French must be a degraded people, ever since he learned that they called water “lo” (l'eau). Spinach in water, indeed! Proud of His Fodder. If it were not spinach it would be fried potatces—in grease, dripping like a picture no Fleming ever painted—which the Amer- ican son would go to buy of the old woman at the little open-air stall in between two buildings across the street. They are cheaper than the spinach, and he would march back holding it out for all to see in his saucepan steaming fragrantly. When the spinach is safely boiling he leaps down the stairs again to hunt the rest of the dinner. At the “rotisserie” he finds meat of divers kinds, all hot and ready. Four cents will buy the two portions he needs, if he is content with plain boiled beef, and the good woman who serves will put in his pan an unusual portion if he has the sense to compliment her on her good looks. Chick- en, fresh roasted from the spits that turn before the open fire, costs something more. While she is waiting for his order to be done to a turn he goes to, the corner, and for one cent buys a great cut from one of those yard-long loaves of home-made bread which you see the poor people carry un- der their arms in the early morning, A hard little cheese, cone shaped, is two cents more, and a pint bottle of wine—clear red, big bit of bread, for 4 cents. For lunch. €on they enter into polite society at a cheap restaurant patronized also by the strogeli Amert a art giris. The girls lunch the front room, the young men in the back. There is a cat in the establishment, whose confidence in struggling Americans has !ately been cruel- ly betrayed. For the young American wo- man he has small affection, but he patron- izes the boys. In the wall dividing the sexes—a French fashion, to which the Americans submit part of the time—there is a small window through which the dishes are passed to the waiters in the front recom. One day, when this window was conveniently open, a populist from the west, grasping Tommy firmly by the neck, threw him so successfully that he landed through the window on nis feet— cats always land on their feet, as the French Academy has recently «lemonstrat- ed, both mathematically and photogcaph- ically. But his fect were ta the soup -the soup of a Boston girl—for which she had paid 2 cents. The apparition in her piate so disturbed her usual icy calmness that she straightway abeudoned the 10-cent meat, which she had prodigaily crcered, and the 4-cent vegetable, the 3-cent des- sert and the 5 cenis’ worth of wine. Where Students Meet. The patron and his wife both came on the scene—quite desolated—for th? art girls ere their best customers at noon. In the early morning it is the place where the carters and workmen, who ‘Jo not care to “kill the worm” with the glass of scur white wine customary among them, stop on their way to work for a cup of ho: milk or coffee with a bit of vread. At night, when even American girls are shy of com- ing out on the streets alone, the struggling American male students ofi2n meet liere to talk and dream and realize the romance of their way of life over 4 cen’s’ worth of pale beer. It is after they nave dined on rcast chicken and spinach—often after they have been working again for some hours at the free schools of art, life classes and all, which the city of Paris supplies to its own struggling art students by night in some public room. These are free to foreigners also, and they help to telescope the studies and to lengthen out the resourcefulness of the purse. Such are the objects in life of these struggling young Americans. It is not cer- tain that they Issue forth more brilliant artists than those who are content to live mcre humanly. One of them bas just gone heme to his mother—with an impression- istic pain in his stomach. STERLING HEILIG. San ae UNIVERSITY NOTES Columbian University. The speaker for tomorrow in the regular Sunday afternoon course of lectures now in progress at the university is Rev. 8. M. Newman, and the subject will be “The Unity of Life.’ Final examinations in the senior college class were hcid every day this week a will again occur on Monday and ‘i The question for debate last © the meeting of the Enoginian De ciety was “Resolved, That the alllance of England and America in the American- Spani: war will be beaeficial to both coun- tries.” The speakcrs were Messrs. Beatty and Harlan, affirmative, and Altschu and Maynard, negative. Examinations for the Fitch prize for proficiency in chemistry will occur on May 11. National University. Next Tuesday evening there will be a Public contest at the National University Law Schcol for the prize of $50. A test case has been a ned to Messrs. William L. English, C. H. Merillat, W. H. White and George N. Brown, all members of the post graduate class, and the best presenta- tion to a court composed of Messrs. Eugene Carusi, C. C. Cole and Henry E. Davis. will earn for the speaker the prize donated by Col. A. T. Britton. Admission is free and an invitation to attend is extended to the public. Georgetown University. The fifth public debate of the Law School Debating Society will eccur this evening between Messrs. W. Gilmer Dunn and David B. Perry, affirmative, and Messrs. Aubrey Lanston and J. Merrick Frere, negative, on the question, “Resolved, That the railroads of the United States should be owned and controlled by the federal government.” The judges will be Messrs. H.W, Glassie, Robert BD. Lee and Myles Ful. ler, all lawyers of this city. The com- mittee on public debate consists of John M. Carr, M. Hampton Magruder and H. Anton Heitmuller. ‘The examinations at the law school will be as follows: Practice, Monday, May 2: corporations, Saturday, May 14; bills and notes, Monday, May 16; evidence, Thurs- day, May 19; practice (seniors), Saturday, May 21; criminal law and domestic rela- tions, Tuesday, May 24. The senior class held a meeting iast evening. Father Conway, the vice rector, is offi- ciating at present in the rector’s stead. Father Richards is not expected to resume active supervision this year. The class valedictorian this year is Mr. Gower. The class orators have been chosen. Mr. Samuel Waggaman is the poet of the class. The public elocution contest for the prizes offered yearly by the university will take place about the 26th. The post graduate class is very large this year. The senior number about twenty. ae examinations commence on the th. Howard University. ‘The volunteer organization has been drill- ing during the past week whenever the weather permitted. A permanent captain has not yet been selected, but Lieuts. A. D. Beaubanks and I. T. Gillam have been installed, and Sergts. Craighead, Douglass, Harris and McNeil have also been chosen. There will be a concert this evening un- der the direction of Prof. Rooks Turner, consisting of sacred and descriptive songs by Prof. George A. Morris and a grapho- BRUNETTE BEAUTIES The Women of Havana Are Fair to Look Upon. HEMMED IN BY MANY RESTRICTIONS Differs Little From) That in Spain. Home Life IN THE CARNIVAL SEASON Written for The Evening Star. NE IS CONTIN- ually reminded in Havana of the ori- ental ancestry of its Spanish inhabitants. The house is eastern in architecture, with its open central court, its flat roof or azotea (where the famity spends the evening nours), and the fountain splash- ing its water on sur- rounding lowers. This is the house of the better classes, having massive walls of stone, and main- taining a seclusion, wrapped in an air of mystery, as deep as that enveloping the harem of any Turk in Cairo or Constan- tnople. The characteristics of the family, also, are oriental, bearing the impress of the Arabs who conquered Spain a thousand years ago, and who lived seven long cen- turies in the Iberian: peninsula. The Cuban home life, in fact, differs in no particular from that of Spain and Mexico; but it is very difficult for a stranger to obtain even @ glimpse of the Hispanc-American gynae- ceum. It is not done by whiling away the time at the Gran Hotel Inglaterra or the Pasaje, nor even by lounging in the Parque Isabel, or visiting the Taccn Theater. In the writer's experience it was obtained primarily by engaging quarters at a Span- ish boarding house of the higher grade, in @ dignified row of houses on the Prado, Meeting at table several “solteros,” cr bachelors, like himself—editors of papers, attaches at the captain general's offi was brought in contact with best people in Havana. But ev ued for visiting the casa of acquainiances, for the taking with one to call on a fri E is idered a privilege. However, there was young lady of Germ merican age also board at his hom bright Parent- ise, who was a ni locking be with anybody in particular, but who kind- ly consented to accompany her male rela- tive in his frequent calls at tne “casa des’’—to use the more elegant Spanish ‘or board! . if the read- can make out from this rather-involved that the little cousin, who, withal, and extremely interesting, was yet considered by the lov at in the way, it will be under- ¢ it came about that the writer, in the Kindness of his heart, took the Cu- bana out to the balcony and engaged her attention while the lovers held their tete: a-tete in the parlor. Alike the World Over. A disinterested act like this wrought its own reward, (or from his fair interlocutrice the writer obtained a deal of information not set down in the books, and eventually his introduction into the home of her fam- ily. Women at heart are pretty much all alike, the world over, their differences be- ing for the most part, superficial. Some- times one will unburden herself to a com- parative stranger, or rather talk more free- ly to him than she might to one of her own nationality, especially where an in- complete acquaintance with each other's longuage infers a simplicity that does not exist. Be that as it may, the balcony interviews were very enjoyable, to one who, ever in search of infurmation, welcomed any addi- tion to his stock of knowledge, from what- ever source it might come. The conversa: 17 consumed with admiration, with veneration, and yet with sadness And™so on until the courtship is complet- ed and wedding bells ring out the knell of Poesy and passion—perhaps. Each country. has Ws type of beauty, each type is the theme enthusiastic Writers—has been from time immemorial. The type of Cuba is also that of Spain, the mother country. Brunettes prevail and blondes are the rarity. The large eyet black as night, the peachIblow complextot (mature assisted and improved), hait abundant, dark and gh as 4 * ef Sne ot changed during all of 8p alls of a small structure near th general's palace is a bistorical of a century ego. depicting the celebration of the first Havana. The artist took his subje the then exist nobility of the island, end in complexion tint, cast of delicate feature, contour, atti- tude, we may find duplicates among the ladies of Havana toda: Use Powder Unsprringly. The ladies do not veil their fac to be Sure, like the oriental odalisques, though they protect them with powder, unsparing- ly and unblushingly applied. Visit any school in the island and you will find teach- hundred hin the captain painting of the art men in the ciga: protection agains the sun's rays. acaden.y every woman engaged in rolling cigarette or cigar lies a little box of powder and a rabbit's foot. There is nothing unusual in this public use of the article, since its ap- Plicatioa is so universal, through long cus- tom, and all ladies regard it as an indis- pensable adjunct of the toiet, and abso- Tutely ni ¢ them attractive, which is or should be their highest ambi- tion. The range of household occupations ts not large, consisting chiefly of embroidery and needie work. In the higher vocations few of them are employed, though now and A Cuban Belle. then one attains to local 4 sculpture or painting. Prohibited pleasure are many, and those in which wemen may indulge very few indeed. It is during the carnival season that they are alle the greatest privileges. The carnival, or fare- well festival to the flesh (to interpret If erally, the term. “carne vale"), theugh of Roman’ origin, has been enthusiastically adcpted by all the Latin Americans. Ha- vana is fall of churches, and on Sundays the churches are full of women and chil- dren, with here and there a man, whom, if you would find. you must seek at the clubs and on the plazas, in the afternoon, or at the cock pit betting on his favor birds. Bal de Mascara, While all carnival days are happy ones, filled with rejoicings and relaxation, it = the last Sunday of the ‘‘fiesta.” the last night before Shrove Tuesday, that is looked forward to with the keenest of anticipa- tions by the fair sex, for on that night takes place the great “bal de masca mesguerade ball, at which no member of the Cuban “four hundred” will faji to be present. In Havana the sce! of this event is usually the great hall of the Span- ish casino. brilliant with mirrors and gi tng, and decorated with flowers for the occasion. For the time being true democ- racy prevails, as the ladies only aro masked, and so have the men at their mercy. Many amusing contrete have happened there, and the writer r some chagrin, éven at this late ds mercilessly he himself was ridicu' making provisional love to a domino he felt sure was his landlady's pretty daught and who turned out to be her mamm When you first ente> 4 the fiesta of the mascara, you will fir ladies all banked against the walls, like rare and beautiful flowers on exhibition, as it were, while the gentlemen are bunched together In groups, nervously pulling at their gle and mustaches, awaiting some @aring ga‘lant to lead the assault. When once that is done the fun waxes fast and furious, and continues until early morning, when the maidens, with their escorts, re- tire to their homes. They are served with cooling Qrinks, “refrescos.” during the en- tertainment and after they have been per- suaded to unmask, while in some side rooms adjacent to the hall their partners of the sterner sex indulge in unlimited bebidos of champagne. Fon Reigns Supreme. Wine then flows like water literally, not only into the eagerly-held-out glasses, but across the floor and into the hall. But, in that beneficent climate, where man is noth- ing if not sudoriferous, few find themsel of petroleum for Lima, and at another we Saw the refineries on the edge of the sea. enough to eat and drink and a chance to as becomes a painter—is ten cents. The get drunk now and then. These people wine is the extravagance; but it is more | hone entertainment. The price of admis- sion is merely nominal, and a large crowd worse for the indulgence. And, ex- abe to mine and land coal at the coast at any the wors ‘ ce ¥ a Y like the present,thougn a cost of $2 a ton a that he rea- r seem to have no ambition whatever. They ! than enough for the two, and it is neces- for. cept in time of war, son why he should not supply 2,000,000 tons | There scems to be an almost continuous | work hard and are perfectly satisfied. | sary to make the food go down. After all, iti teat aprn arabe yeaa there may be some swelled heads in the ay He hopes io extend the road later | 8trip of oll territory running down the Pa- | Their employers furnish them, in addition | foreign stomachs have their food and drink A Cuban Matron. morning, there are not many quarrelsome weekly meeting of the Eureka Society will on to the Maranon ¥, a navigable | cific coast from Ecuador for some distance | to their wages, one pound of meat and two | all of a piece, and when you are in Paris be as follows: Essay, Miss, C. E. Love; re- subjects. It is thus that high and low branch of the Amazon, which compares to | into Peru. The Ecuador oll fields I learned | Pounds of rice daily, and they allow them | you must do as Parisians du. That is, you citation, C. H a oration, R. H. | tions quite easily turned on love and the | beggars and grandees alike. of all cond it as the Missouri does to the Mississippi. of in Guayaquil. They have not been |t® Tun up such bills at the store on the | must wash down fried potatoes and dry Merriweather; declamation, J. M. Enos; | ex .g foolishness of lovers in general, | tions and both sexes, wind up the carniv This, he says, will require less tl 300 | touched as yet. ard hardly prospected, so | States as keep them always in debt to | bread with wine, and not with water—un- oration, C. E. Kimbrough; paper, William | and the query naturally arose whether | With one grand outburst of ievelry, and miles of additional road building, id will bring the steamers of the Amazon to with- in about 400 miles of the Pacific coast. By Sore Nip eoeyr once = great Amazon country, with its thousands of miles of navigable | f° etme waters. will be reached, and the Andean aoe eee eis ere pape eres Coes = be furnished to the eastern coast | when the weather is calm it covers the of Sou merica. eae : sea for a distance out from the shore with theatre! felds of the And2s include both| greasy film. North of Cape St. Helena anthracite and lignite coal. The company | * é avi 2 now owns about forty anthracite prope wells have been sunken by Ecuadorlana, their masters. Our farmers could not work on such raticns as these men have. They take upon rising a glass of pisco, or native whisky, and go to work without breakfast. ‘This is at about 5 o'clock in the morning. This whisky serves them until 11 a.m. when they knock off for lunch, or for what is here called breakfast. This usually con- sists of a stew of goat meat and rice. At 1 o'clock they go back to work, and at 5 stop for the day. When they get home der various penalties. The wine is not par- ticularly strong, several middlemen having already watered it down. Each man, wo- man and child in France drinks thirty gallons of it each year. It will not even Keep the color in the cheeks of the Ameri- can mother’s son. As to his stomach— that is another story. Two Senses Appeased. “Dinner is ready now. Monsieur is serv- then settle themselves down for the forty days of Lent, with its fasting and mortifi- cation of the flesh. There are doubtless many sad hearts now in Havana, many families with some mem- ber missing, fighting on one side the other, There are sisters, sweethearts, wives, well as active combatants, within the alls of Havana; many an anxtous face peering over the balcony rails of the Prado, that the information concerning them 1s indefinite and hazy. I was told, however. that flowing wells of crude petroleum are found all along the Ecuadorian coast, from E. Baugh. <A debate will conclude the en- tertainment, the subject for discussion being ‘Resolved, That the negro should take an active part in the war with Spain,” and the speakers, P. V. Walton and C. A. =. affirmative and negative, respect- vely. z Last Saturday night the regular monthly consecration meeting of the Christian En- deavor Society was held, with M. H. Hin- there were really any differences in the manner of love-making, as practiced by our respective nationalities. The subject was treated in a purely tentative way, for cur mutual instruction merely, and yet there was a modicum of interest attaching to the proceeding which it will not be nec- essary to detail. In Cuba, as in Spain, the lover rarely sees his inamorata alone, and in case he : “4 Idiers go by to their camps - nd some of the output has been sent to ton as leader and the topic, “Little ways | does, it is the result of accident—or design | watching the so! r u ties. The anthracite 1s practically unlimit- | 2°4 ° | they have another stew of meat and rice, | ed! are better in the world.” hose most interested. The | in the suburbs. We do not war against ed, and it has been tested and found to be | GUa¥aquil to be used for fuel in the boll- | ong’ perhaps a piece of so of bread Ante on she pert OF See. women and children, and in the bombard- ers of the steamers on the Guyas river. The saucepan and the bawl,.the eup and the glass—so that each may at least drink separately—are now placed, with their steaming viands (the chqgsgealso. steams odorously, which is impre: st art) upon the wooden table under tier@gylight, in or- der that what {s eaten The commencement exercises of the medi- cal, dental and pharmaceutic departments were held at the First Congregational Church last evening. The public in general was invited to attend, and quite an assem- blage greeted the graduates. Prof. D. 8. Lamb, M. D., of the faculty of the medi- mother, or aunt, or else some trustworthy member of the family, is always present; indeed, the young man may consider him- self particularly privileged if he be al- lowed entrance to the house even. He gen- erally compromises by clinging like a bat to the bars of his lady love’s grated win- as good as that of the famous Lehigh Vai- ley. There is some soft coal on the west slope of the mountains, but the anthracite lies on the east slope, about 1,5u0 or feet below the divide, and ft will h: dinner they sit about and talk, and at 8 or 9 o'clock lie down in the clothes which they have worn all day and go to sleep. They have no education, and not one in a hundred of them can read. Their dress costs them almost nothing. That of the men is made up of a pair of cotton trous- ment of Cuba's capital, let us hope we shall reduce it by shelling the Morro, Ca Atares, and the surrounding fort! leaving the residential portion of the city “intact. F. A. OBER. ——.—_ 2 to be hfted that height on the railroad befor> it can take its long shoot down the Andes to the dals and a straw hat. The women wear eS hot more. ‘The: table —_>—_- the bars are strong, and the wails not an | From the Pittsburg Poet. cee Sitio, Hite plate Cae eae ei Heel two cater eatparae ee dan op One of the Possibilities, irch less than two feet thick. This fact] Many attempts have becn made to esti- Nata ae days ‘and Sundays. The men alse have| If there is a third st merican art- | From Puck. the “novio” frequently bewails, in most | mate the exact pressure of the air against impassioned accents, sometimes accom- panying himself on a cracked guitar or mandolin. ist in the party, oné of ‘Bande or else sits at intervals on the. 4m the corner. It is an, undoubtedly — dopbid;bed, for all that is ‘apparent isan immense family mattress spread on-boands ayer supportsy.| with no sign of head or foot=fnd, morning and evening allke, the bddi1s When the winter darknes: to dine under the: sk nation is made bya Jess than a cent, and one sitting. There-is studio except the in which stand two of ) what are known as ponchos. These are the overcoats of South America. Th2y are merely blankets with a short slit in the middle large enough to slip the head through. They are worn by the better ciasses, as well as the poor, and ar2 costly or ocherwise, according to the purse of the owner. re ‘The fine farm machinery which I have written of as being used here is, of course, to be found only on the large estates. The native Peryvians do their work in the crudest ways. Oxen with plows of wood tipped with iron serve as the motive power, and the Indian holds the plow with one hand and drives with a goad, as the Pales- tine farmers did in the days of the tures. FRANK G, CARPENT, ES SE the front end of a standard passenger en- gine when running sixty piles an hour, and while all engineers and mechanics ad- mit that it fs tremendous, but few of them have been willing to submit figures. One mechanic of a road west of Chicago took a small hoop, fastered a strong sheet of pa- per inside of it, which was evenly stretch- ed. He placed the hoop over the mouth of a pipe connected with an cir compressing engine, adjusted to a gauge to show the pressure when the paper burst. He next took this hoop with the same kind of paper and fastened it ir front of one of the loco- motives used In hauling the fast trains. At a speed of fifty-cight miles an hour the air pressure burst the paper. The pressure She—“I sent the gas company a check for a larger amount than taeir bill cailed for and they sent me— He—“A corrected bill?” BELSON Prompt Action. Love in Poetry. The writer made the discovery—perhaps not an original one—that the Cuban lover, like his Saxon sympathizer, drops into poesy as a means of relieving the pressure on his overburdened heart. but Mr. Gardn from the will go up From Puck. : Minnie—“Papa informed me that he was very much opposed to George.” Violet—“And what did you say?’ Minnie—“I notified papa that tion would mean war.” piantations, and | 's which could be tap- road winds about like a | a up the mountains. Cross- Andes the railroad will reach a ood and sox h po pon al pacer llnie es ae aeaniel pind Gee pe eg tak oe ee PRL . s ‘ were natives, and, as fs usual in many such The City of Cajamatea. re S, no practical tests were made. From A branch will extend to Cajamalca, the| What I was told at Guayaquil, I should city where Pizarro held th> Inca king, Ata- | think it might pay to investigate this ter- American Surveyors in the Andes. Other works—paint oils, washes, drawings, rest—all works of self. are piled on the Jac f. land on which il ext meh : from the engine in the first test made in kualpa, in prison, and where he later on| belongs to the governtacnt, and ane ane | Wuitten for The Evening Star. Spe eaute ee showed that the paper, which bad him put to death. You remember the|has the right to denounce it. By “de- Harrah! in diameter, bad stood a money last for two years instead of inches s 3 : ne : tt pounds. This ex- story. Atahualpa was the ruler of the|nounce’ I mean to take it up for mining | forrah for the Yankees on land or on sen: for one. year like honest Christians. Strain of twenty-eigh! x whole western coast of South America. He | PUrposes. One man, under the law, woultl | Hurrah for the heroes of Grant and of Lee; mothers are far away, and if they arc-con- egatast. the sixty-eightanch a 7 have the right to take up twenty claims, | irusrah for the Union, to eternal day; t with their: pressure agains: had, It Is estimated, about 40,000,009 people | cach about three-cighths of a mile long ne tho 5 aoe Sr Se Bipedek Mek hone ta it? wollte ameter of the boiler front, against the sides subject to him, and this region had then aj by 1,800 feet wide. After this a yearly | #rab for the ptucl v meas “8 It? Be ‘02 the cab, of the dome, higher state of civilization than it has to- day. When the Spanish freebooter Pizarro entered the country with a handful of sol- diers and a few horses he was mez at Ca- lea by Atahualpa and kindly treated. zarro asked him to dine with him, and when unarmed he came into the house or palace which Pizarro by his favor was oc- cupying, he captured him and the Spanish soldiers slaughtered his attendants. ‘The rson of the Inca king was so sacr=d that nis event paralyzed the nation, and at Ata- tax of $4 in gold on each claim would have to be paid. If the territory. should pro- duce largely the properties would be very valuable, on account of the oil Jying near the surface and right on the edge of the sea, where it could be almost piped into the steamers. : The oil fields of Peru have been known to exist for the past thirty years, but It is ently recently that much development has heen attempted. The oll is found at dis- tanecs varying frem 230 to 000 feet kelow Hurrah for the House and the Senate so true; Hurrah for “Old Glory," the Red, White und Blue! Herrah for the soNiier who battles for right; Hurrah for the man who strikes first in the fight! Hurrah for the Nation; hurrab once again. Murrah for the Yankees who'll whip dastard ‘Spain, Harrah for Colombe, the pride of the world; Horrah for banner ‘8 ever uy SOHN 4, 30xcE. their own room only wi! their dinner, reset pie “be them least here, and for their ing. Their study unde® great the Julian studio, where they fe sons of fortune: stack parts, i ie | : % ial F |