Evening Star Newspaper, January 9, 1897, Page 20

20 ——— THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1897-24 PAGES. TARIFF LEGISLATION Chairman Dingley Tells How Such a Bill is Made. REVENUE FIRST T0 BE CONSIDERED ee Then Such an Adjustment of Du- ties as Will Afford Protection. —s ETTING INFORMATION ——__.+—__— Written fo: The Evening Star. H AIRMAN DING- ley of the s and means committee has been the busiest man in Washington dur- ing the recent hear- ings on the tariff bill. I found him one evening this week in his rooms at the Hamilton compara- tive free. Not all ‘is evenings are his own, but he finds a little time to rest i then, so that it is not all work and no play for him. I went to see him to ask how a tariff bill is made. It 1s a pretty sertous matter, this making of a tariff bill, involving. as it does, the prosperity of the whole nation. An@ as Mr. Dingley Is the chief laborer In the framing of the new tariff law his om is one of great re- sponsibility. What i s of making a tariff bill?” I asked airman of the ways and means committee, as he sat opposite me in a low rocking chatr. “The first thing we have to consider in framing a tariff,” he said, “is the revenue which it is expected to yield. At present this is the prime consideration, because there is a deficiency in the revenue, and it is necessary that we have by the ist of July a law which will yield us $50,000,000 revenue. millions is the least Nelson Dingley, Jr. hould have, and $75,000,000 would ve je. I suggested, “says in his annual report that under normal conditions would yield sufficient we have to consider,” returned e the conditions that exist have staring us In the face a more than $60,000,000 for the fiscal ng June 30 next. Mr. Carlisle hat the next fiscal year, ending 3, ISGS, the deficit will be $45.500,000. * want to do is to provide for the co under the existing the conditions change in we hope they will, it may uce e revenue. We have on hand should be ance of about 0 ought to be ing balance, and we f law by the Ist of ve us a revenue sufficient © government, so that current receipts will be o revenue ts the dered. After that, t, comes such an securing revenue for American in- 1 labor may have merican labor finds wages there will be in this country such y Years prior to 1898. Cause of Depression. ave as we enjoyec * primarily to the on of a radical revision of the bodied In the result of the elec- November, 1892, which was only lized, and after tha about the mai the tariff rey _WasS worse than the bite, but it bark which first caused manufac- to ail production and which workingmen out of employment. ufficiently injurious to con- ing the industries. We will ve a return of prosperity until our men are fully employed, and they tb mployed unt we have such our own markets ican industrie “What is adequate prote: it ee ion, and how Is ed. protection is protection which to the American manufacturer and ne difference between the cost en abroad and the cost of pro- And I want to impress on hat there ts more to be considered an the mere cost of labor In the factory and the cost of raw material. The manu- this country pays more in wages for the construction of his building and the making of his mai the manufa tee in the pro- elf to the wages in all € the case of woolen goods, for A protective tariff on wool- © our manufacturers tn American market for com- in fact, for fine goods. ke Into consideration the © a great many people in s who will buy foreign- re English, you + my tailor showed oth for trousers. He up for $9. Beside it was of cloth. That, he said, was could make it up for $6. nod as the other for all prac- . but there are many people fifty per cent more for an o wi in:pe Garment pay n they will give for a domestic Kevenue From Imports. with a perfectly protective No potash—no mineral—no danger—in S. S. 8. This means a great deal to all who know the disastrous effects of these drugs. It is the only blood remedy guaranteed. S. SS. forces the disease out through the skin—does mot dry up the poison to decay the bones, like mercurial mixtures do, “I was almost a pbysicel wreck, the result of S S S mercurial triatment for 1843 South Ninth street, St. Louis, Mo. . blood poison; $. 8. 8. Books free; address Swift Specific Co., Atlanta. is a real blone remedy, for it cured me per- mauently."” Heury Roth, tariff, we derive a revenue from importa- tions, and the well-to-do people pay that revenue. The poor contribute almost none of it. Thus, under the tariff of 1890 our treasury obtained a revenue of $44,000,000 from wool and woolens in 1892-3. Under the tariff of 1894, with an importation of three times as much wool and twice as many pounds of manufactures of wool, we obtained a revenue last year of only $23,- 000,000, a loss of $20,000,000 revenue to the government, and a much greater loss to our wool growers and laborers in woolen mills. If the tariff is fixed so as to place the American manufacturer and the manu- facturer abroad on an equal basis, taking beth cost of production and: distribution into account, domestic competition will keep prices down to the lowest level com- patible with domestic production and our liberal wages.” “Doesn't a prohibitive tariff give oppor- tunity for domestic combinations to put the prices of goods to an unreasonable height?" “Possibly that might in some few in- stances be the case if duties were made prohibitive, but not where duties are sim- ply protective—i. e., made to cover the dif- ference of cost of production here and abroad. Combinations of capital are of two kinds—one kind to simply secure greater economy of production, giving the consumer the benefit in large part of the reduced cost, and the other (pcpularly known as trusts) to destroy cuinpetition and secure larger returns to capital by il- legitimate means. The former kind of combination results in a public advantage, the latter in a public injury, and for that reason is properly subject to the penalties of the law. But on account of the fact that national law can act only on inter- state conditions our great reliance for the suppression of such conspiracies against the public welfare must be on state legis- lation. Trusts Are Self-Corrective. “After all, such trusts fortunately ordi- narily bear within themselves a very ef- fectual corrective in the fact that when any kind of business 1s made exceptionally profitable so many rush into it that it is wrecked. The chief reason that the sugar trust lives and thrives so long is the fact that its profits are made by controlling the market for raw sugar, which requires so much capital that it is impossible to have much competition. “But to come back to the tariff, in whose revision, as I have already said, we have in mind first revenue, and, in connec- tion with that, protection to domestic in- dustries. “And I may say right here that we ex- pect to considerably increase the revenue by simply changing the existing almost exclusive ad valorem duties in many sched- ules to equivalent specific duties wherever this is practicable, or at least to mixed specific and ad valorem duties. It is sur- prising to me, after the experience of other nations, after our own experience and af- ter the earnest protest of such democratic Secretaries of the Treasury against exclu- sively ad valorem duties, that any one should now advocate them, except in such cases as it is impracticable to apply spe- cific duties. The tariffs of Great Britain, France and Germany have almost exclu- sively specific duties. “Theoretically ad valorem duties appear all right, but practically they encourage such fraudulent undervaluations as greatly diminish the revenue, deprive domestic in- dustries of just protection, increase the cost of collection and play into the hands of dishonest importers. The honest im- porter is coming to see that specific duties are better for him. After having determined about what ad- ditional revenue is required the ways and means committee first of all invites all interested, whether as producers, manu- facturers, importers, consumers or as labor- ers, to briefly present such suggestions as to the workings of existing tariff legisla- tion or as to desired changes, with the reasons therefor, as may seem proper. We, of course, have the official statistics of importations and such suggestions as the treasury officials, appraisers, etc., may have to make. “The official statistics as to imports of foreign goods are a fair index to the in- dustries which need protection. As to what protection they need, we try to as- certain that first by public hearings, such as we have been holding. Any one is welcome to come to these hearings and to lay his views before the committee. But we do not rely wholly on the statements made to us there. When the public hear- ings are ended, we send for men who are well informed as to any industry, in whose jidgment we have confidence—men who are not biased in any way. From them we obtain statements about the cost of production, confirming or correcting the statements made at the public hearings. Then we take a broad, comprehensive view of the bill, having in mind, as I have said, first revenue, then protection. “We have a pretty clear idea by this time cn what lines we are going to work, and we fix upon certain interests demand- ing particular attention. Then we take up the schedules and the individual articles In each. The Tariff Law of 1890 Was Easy to Make. “In the making of the law of 1800 we had a comparatively simple probiem, so far as fixing the revenue was concerned. We wanted fo reduce the revenue $69,000,- 000 then. Taking the duty off sugar at the outset made the necessary reduction in the revenue. After that we had to adjust the duties on other articles, sometimes raising and sometimes lowering, with a view to placing them on a protective basis under the conditions then existing. By the way, the duty on sugar. which the Senate put in the present law, is all that saved it from ignominy as a revenue raising measure. Sugar brought in $30,000,000 of revenue last year. Without sugar, as the bill passed the House, the deficiency this year would be $95,000,000 and next year would be $75,- 000,000."" “Is it possible to estimate with any de- gree of accuracy the income a tariff bill will bring?” “Yes; under normal conditions our esti- mate of the revenue from the law of 1890 was within a few millions of the amount it actually brought in the first year after the abolition of the duty on sugar took effect. Of course there are many uncer- tainties about the result of a new law; but, looking back over the imports and the domestic production of articles of import for a few years, we can form a fairly cor- rect estimate. Of course a change in con- ditions will change the amount of revenue. We would have had a deficit last year un- der the law of 1890, but we would not have had the conditions of last year if the law of 1890 had not been changed first by anticipated and subsequently by par- tially realized tariff reductions that de- moralized our industries and business.” “You still think the law of 1800 was a good law?” : “Yes, for the conditions existing at that time.” “Why was it so unpopular, then?” “A tariff law passed just before an elec- tion is bound to be subjected to assaults of an exaggerated character and made tem- porarily unpopular. The opposing party pursued its usual policy of misrepresenting it to our disadvantage without affording the opportunity of showing by results that the asasults were unfounded. The new law, therefore, had no chance of being tested fairly. If we can put a new law in effect by the Ist of July, it will have a year or more of trial before there is an- other campaign.” “Do you expect the new law to go into effect by July 12” “It ought to go into effect even earlier if rossible, certainly not later than July 1.” : you anticipate much difficulty in putting it through the House?” “No. I think the members of the House will take a broad view of its effect on the whole country.” “You speak highly of the law of 1890. Am I to infer that you think that law weuld be just what we want today?” “No. Conditions have; changed since 1890. We have made progress in many di- rections since 1890 and have had an ex- perience which places us in a different po- sition from that held then. The things that were necessary six years ago are not required now. We can produce more cheap- ly than we could then, and we can sell cheaper. The duties needed to protect American industries, therefore, need not be. so high in many cases. We shall have, too, the revenue from sugar now, which we did not have under the law of 1890. Rates in the new law will not be so high in very many cases as they were under the old protective law, and yet they, will be-pro- tective under present conditions.” A Tariff Commission Unnecessary. “What do you think of the propriety of a tariff commission to inquire into the con- ¢itions governing the production of pro- tected articles?” “We had such a commission in 1888. It did no more than the ways and means com- mittee is doing today. It gave hearings to the representatives of manufacturing and other interests. It did less than our com- mittee is doing because it did not push its inquiries beyond the public hearings. We fiave other sources of information. When we have learned all that we can at these public hearings, we send for experts, and if at any time in the consideration of a schedule we are dissatisfied with our in- formation or uncertain about the facts we investigate the matter thoroughly in other ways before we. decide.” “Of course you have seen the criticisms of the committee’s hearings—the state- ment that this is a raid of the manufac- turers on Washington, and so on?” “and if we had not had the hearings what then?” said Mr. Dingley. “Our critics would have talked about the star chamber and all that sort of thing. We are bound to be criticised whatever we do. The hear- ings seem to me the fairest way of getting at the beginning of the Inquiry. Every one has a right to appear at them to pre- sent facts orally or in writing on either side of any question, and importers, laborers and consumers are usually on hand with producers.” “And about the quadrennial story that manufacturers who contributed to the re- publican campaign fund are making de- mands on the committee?” “I have been interested in the making of tariff bills since 1883, though not always as a member of this committee, and I want to say that in all that time I have never heard an intimation that a producer or manufacturer wanted or expected anything in a tariff bill because of his services to the republican party. I should be disposed to feel injured if not insulted if a man offered any but a business reason for a change in a tariff schedule. If a politician came be- fore the committee to make an argument and I thought he had been employed not on account of his knowledge of the subject on which he spoke, but because of his standing in the republican party, I am afraid I would have a strong prejudice against the interest he represented.” GEORGE GRANTHAM BAIN. sitter ee FRANKING FOR THE BOYS. How Lincoln Used to Put His Auto- graph on Soldiers’ Letters. Col. Jack Watrous in Chicago Times-Herald. “Let this go. A. LINCOLN.” Unless it has been destroyed, there is in a home in Fond du Lac county a soldier letter in an envelope bearing the above words, signed by the great war President. Frank King was a Lamartine boy, fresh from the farm, and a character our whole company took to kindly from the first. ‘When the army was camped in Virginia, rear Washington, the winter of 1861-2, it was a common practice with the soldiers, when they got a pass, to visit the city, to buy a package of envelopes and call at the Capitol, send in for their senator or representative, and get him to frank them. One of our boys came back to camp in high ‘eather. He had two packages of en- velopes, one franked by Senator James R. Doolittle, now a Chicago lawyer, the other by the late Senator T. O. Howe, who suc- ceeded Captain James as Postmaster Gen- eral in President Arthur’s cabinet. For twenty years senators and representatives have been giving a good deal of their time to helping the soldiers with their pension claims. If they have done it as willingiy and pleasantly as they used to frank en- velopes for the boys, they must be pretty nearly angeis. “You fellows, there, are making a big blast over getting a couple of senators to frank your envelopes,” said Frank King. “Jest you wait till you see me come back from Washington with the President's name on some letter covers.” Within a few days Frank King and Har- ry Dunn, who for years after the war was a Chicago business man, went to the city. ‘They called at the White House. It was easier to see the President then than it is row. At certain hours of the day a soldier could reach the chief executive with fully as much ease as a selator can in these later years. King was the ringleader. Approaching the guard, he said: ‘“‘We want to see Mr. Lincoln. Please stand aside and let us pass.” ‘Who are you ‘and what is your busi- ness?” ou tell old Abe we have charge of a regiment over on Arlington Heights, and want to see him on an important matter. He'll let us in.” * Where are your shoulder straps?” ‘We came over tn our every-day clothes. Come, we are ina hurry. Let us go in and see Mr. Lincoln.” The parley had attracted the attention of the President. The door swung open and the good-natured chief of the nation smiled upon the cheeky young fellows and bade them step right in. What can I do for you, my men?” Ir. Lincoin, I want you to frank these envelopes,” said King. “Better get your that.” “I'd much rather have you do it, Mr. Lincoln. The folks at home will like to see your name on my letters.” “I'll fix one of them. Take the rest to ir congressman. Who ts he?” don’t kno Where is your home?” “Lamartine, Fond du Lac county, Wis- consin."”” “That is in my friend Scott Sloan's dis- trict. You go to Mr. Sloan. He will fix the rest of them.” The President shook hands with the two privates, asked them to be brave soldiers and wished them a safe return to their western homes. Frank couldn't make his tent mates be- lieve that the President had written, ‘Let. this go. A. Lincoln,” but the next day he wrote a letter to his father. The name of Lincoln was personally examined by all of the neighbors. . In January, 1864, our regiment was in Washington on the way home, having re- enlisted—“‘veteranized,"’ as they called it. In company with two others I went to the White House. The President shook hands with us, thanked us for swearing in for three years more, and expressed the hope that we would have a nice visit on our vet- eran furlough. “Mr. President,” said Jones—Ed Jones, of whom I iuave spoken several times in these chapters—“you franked a letter for one of the boys in our company, Frank King. I wish you would frenk one for me.” “Odd as it may seem, you are the second soldier to make such a request. So both are of the same company? Very well.” On Jones’ envelope he wrote, “A. Lincoln, President,” and as he handed it back he asked what had become of that other man who had asked him to pass a letter. “He was killed at Gettysburg.” I shall never forget the look of sadness in the President’s face when the answer was given, and it had not disappeeared when we left the room. “Jones, what did you tell him about King fcr? Did you see how it pained him?” “What did he ask about him for? Do you suppose I was going to lie to a man I would die for?’ was Jones’ indignant reply. ——___+ e+ —__—__ IS WOMAN A HUMAN BEING? congressman to do This Question Was Gravely Discussed at a Bishop's Council at Macon. From the London Mail. In these latter days of the nineteenth cen- tury, when woman is struggling for an equality with man in the arts and sciences and in politics, it may be interesting to know that as early as the sixth century the “woman question” was a knotty problem confronting the sages of that period. It was a more startling question, how- ever, than that of these days of safety bi- cycles and abbreviated skirts. “Are women human beings?” was the woman question as formulated in the sixth century. ‘This startling inquiry was proposed by a bishop at the council of Macon, and the reverend fathers were so amiable and so liberal as to devote several sessions to the consideration of the subject. disdain the question as useless or frivolous, but gravely undertook the task of assign- ing to woman her proper place in creation. With all her faults they loved her still, and, moved partly, no doubt, by affection, they generously decided that she did not belong to the world of “‘muttons, beeves or goats,” but was in truth a human 4 It must not be imagined, however, that this vi Christendom. not ecumenical, and’ so churchmen were not constrained to accept-its decision. ———+ e+—_____- The Risk Was Too Great. From the New York Press, Approaching the man who lay bound up- on the floor the most villainous of the burg- lars flashed his bull’s-eye lantern upon his face. “Remember,” he growled, “one cry fcr help and we gag you! Do you hear?” ‘The recumbent chortled mildly: “That wouldn’t do fod, good, for—” to get off a good . = Perceiving ‘that had unwittingly broken into beg? capensis nite ley Tenplunks, humorist, they fled with precipitation. They did not. [ART AND ARTISTS Mr. Thomas WagWamayg has’ recently added to his fine collection, of pictures an excellent specimen thé work of Leon Bonvin, It is a very small/picture, repre- senting the interior of a “convent, and is executed with that delicacy of finish which is characteristic of the it’s. work.. At the left of the canvas is a. inun kneeling at an altar, and another sister stands in the arched doorway leading jnto a ‘shadowy passageway. The richness and depth in the coloring of this -dark corridor serve as a foil to the brilliant inumination of the courtyard beyond. Here the picture fairly glows with light, and the luminous hues relieve the rather somber coloring of the rest of the painting. The details are everywhere elaborated with great care, and the ornamental lamp which hangs from the’ ceiling in the anteroom is painted with minute precision and painstaking accuracy. * * Mr. William H. Coffin will shortly com- mence work upon a large canvas which will portray the signing of the treaty with the Pawnee Indians in 1857. The picture is being painted for the son of Secretary Morton, and is to be presented to the Ne- braska City public library, which owes its existence to the Secretary’s bounty. In order to obtain as much historical ac- curacy as possible, Mr. Coffin visited the spot where the treaty was signed, and has but recently returned from his trip west, which he made in the company of Mr. Ru- dolph Evans. He had a very enjoyable trip, making a number of preliminary sketches and gathering other data for his picture. Though this large composition has been claiming the greater part of his time, he has been doing some work in portraiture, and is at work upon a likeness of his sister and also upon a portrait of himself. * * The bust which Mr. Rudolph Evans has recently made of the late Father Walter is a very strong piece of work, and is con- sidered an excellent likeness. A bas-relief of Secretary Morton is another good like- ness which the sculptor has done, and he will soon begin work upon a bust of Mr. Benjamin Cable, - ex-congressman from Illinois. For the spring exhibition of the Society of Washington Artists Mr. Evans is planning a bust of Miss Reynolds of Mt. Pleasant, which is to be quite novel in its style. The face ts to be shaded by a broad- brimmed hat, a rather bold experiment in sculpture, and the bust will be quite unique in its treatment. * x * In view of the recent revival of the rococo style in Paris, an especial interest attaches to the exhibition which Miss Anna Sands, Miss Marie Mattingly and Miss Hattie Bur- dette plan to hold here at Fischer's. The exhibition will consist of pastel portraits executed in the style of those painted in the time of Louis XVl and Marie An- toinette. The collection will include like- nesses of some of the well-known beauties of the period, painted from old miniatures, and all the portraits will have the distinc- tive flavor of the time. The exhibition, which promises to be a very attractive one, will probably not be held until quite a little later in the winter, as the artists need a good deal of time for preparation. Miss Mattingly and Miss Burdette have recently opened a studio at 435 7th street. * eK A collection of photographs by the Braun Clement Company willibe shown next week at Veerhoff’s, and will certhinly be worth @ visit. This publishing’ house is well known through its fine photographs of the old masters in the Eyropean galleries. A number of the watercolors that were ex- hibited at the recent exhibition of the Water Color Club are now on view in the side gallery at Veerhoff’s,, Among these are Mr. Spencer Nichois’ garefully studied gouache drawing, entitled; “The Genius;’’ Miss Lillian Cook’s “A Cup of Coffee,” and several East Gloucester sketches by Miss Atwater. 4 * ok Prof. Andrews has; recently finished a fine, full-length portrait of Miss Golden. He has shown ‘her standing if a very "éasy, graceful way, with her head turned slight- ly to one side, thus giving a charming profile view. Her hair has a rich auburn tint, and with her complexion makes a pleasing color study. Prof. Andrews has rendered very well the silvery whiteness cf the satin gown, and there is a nice quality in the gray tones in the shadows. A couple of La France roses which Miss Golden holds in her hand harmonize excellently with the soft gray color In the dress. The figure is outlined strongly against a back- ground of dark green drapery. Prof. An- drews has been working upon a sturdy figure study showing Wat Tyler in nis armor smithy surrounded by the warlike implements of his manufacture. It is a very effective study, and the artist became so much impressed with its pictorial possi- billties that he decided to utilize a similar figure in another composition. In_ this larger picture a soldier, with his head tied up in bandages, and with his pierced hedmet on his knee, is seated on a chair explaining the cause of the wound and incidentally making himself out to be quite a hero. The armorer ts rather skeptical and stands by his anvil wearing a half-amused look, but his apprentice is drinking it in eagerly. The soldicr, dressed in the costume of the thirty years’ war, is a well-conceived fig- ure, but the smith, wearing a leath2rn apron and a coarse, red shirt, with the sleeves rolled up, displaying his mighty arms, is the personage of principal inler- est. * * * Mrs. Andrews is now at work upon a large square canvas upon which she is painting a half-length portrait of Prof. Andrews, She has represented him in his painting costume, with his brown velvet coat and surrounded by all sorts of artis- tic paraphernalia. The head is as yet ina rather unfinished state, but promises to be an excellent Iikeness. The figure is placed upon the right-hand side of the canvas, and the composition Is belanced by some effec- tive still life objects on the left. Upon a table 1s a pile of loose sketches and a jar ccntaining brushes, and behind the table is a richly carved cabinet. The background for the figure is a handsome tapestry, the figures indicated with just sufficient strength to make-it pleasing to the eye and yet not strongly enough to distract the at- tention from the “portrait. * * * Mr. De Lancy W. Gill will hold an ex, hibition of water colors at Heltmuller’s gallery, beginning next Monday. Mr, Gill is particularly fortunate *in skis ‘Venetian scenes, and among the wide range of sub- jects there will undoubtedly. be~- some: sketches of thig kind. There are ‘now on exhibition at Heitmygller’s- several water colors by Mr. Carl Rakem: and there is a Pleasing artistic quail Pall of them. A short time ago May A. into a studio in the he has been carryin, Painting there. Onex which he has done mented with a desig poppies. The petals flowers sre outlined the design is extrem 3. Jordan moved t building, and work in china ie best things a plate orna- seaweed and shells. } +k & ete Mr. William H. Meehethas been ‘busy elaborating some ptyknp Fpirtchen which he made in the Rock greel’¥alley last sum- mer, and he has several effective cativases. A puinting showing a; Couple. of ¢ spreading treés beside the banks of the| creek has been especially admired on-; count of the pleasing renderi sata oe a aero ta a Bi ly of values*in 2 8! it” made™ tor The light sing. 0 e sun ; gives the lexves = transparent is difficult to paint, and Mr. dealt with this problem in a ory Batista e~ work and his game pleces, Mr. Machen is Peetal cork Upen a eett ot pontealtae ¥ <s ca a Miss S. W. Kelly has been giving her at- tention to her work in portraiture, and has also been working up some of her last ESE Spo Re rf 4 a a Ihave just summer’s sketches. A little later in the season Miss Kelly plans to hold an exhibi- tion of her work in water color and oil * z ** At the meeting of the Water Color Clu which was held last Saturday at the home of Prof. Andrews very little business was transacted, save the admission of three |- new members. Messrs. Max Weyl, E. H. Miller and Edgar Nye were admitted,. and a@ number of other names were proposed. The rest of the meeting was given over to a discussion of the recent exhibition, and = united in pronouncing it an unqualified juccess. ——.—__. UNIVERSITY NOTES Colambian University. The Enosinian Literary Socisty met last evening and discussed two questions. The debate of class 1 was on the question, Re- solved, “That immigration into the United States be totally prohibited,” the speakers being Messrs. Broadus and Q. Harlan on the affirmative. and Messrs. Rogers and Beatty on the negative. Class 2 discussed Resolved, “That United States senators should be elected by popular vote.” Affir- mative, Messrs. Stuart and Biscoe; nega- tive, Messrs. R. Harlan and Everett. The ofticers for the term-are: President, Albert R. Stuart; secretary, Grace Rogs, and crit- ic, Mr. Robinson. The Law Sclifool Debating Society will meet this evening, and the debate will be on the question, Resolved, “That immigra- tion to the United “States should be greatly restricted.” J. Felix, EB. F. and C. H. Gray will speak on the.aMfirmative, and the negative wiil be upneld by F. Ker- per, W. H. Rill and J. E. Flannery. Tuesday afternoon before the Society for Philosophical Inquiry Mr. Harris read a paper on the “Philosophy of Education in Its Subjective Aspects.” At the meeting the 19th instant Mr. Farquhar wiil read a paper on “Philosophy of Jonathan Ed- wards.” Prof. W. J. Powell delivered the fourth of his special lectures Wednesday after- noon, the subject being “Barbarism De- fined and Characterized.” Monday, the fifth lecture, ‘Primitive Civilization De- fined and Characterized,” will be given. Prof. Harry T. Newcomb, instructor in statistics in the Corcoran Scientific School, read a paper on “A Decade of Federal Railway Regulation” at a recent meeting of the American Economic Society in Bal- timore. Prof. Raymond M. Alden, instructor in Erglish in the Corcoran Scientific School in 1894-95, has been appointed assistant in- structor in English at Harvard. Catholic University. Laboratory work is being conducted three days a week by Prof. Zahon in the depart- ment of physics, and Prof. Cameron gives three lectures each week on the “History of Chemistry.” A class in buflding construction has deen organized, and is being instructed by Mr. Pierce. Prof. Wm. L. Clark will deliver his first lecture in the course on criminal law Tues- day afternoon. The schedule of public lectures has not yet been completed, but will be announced soon. The University Club will meet next week and lay out a program for this term. Georgetown University. Manager Julius Walsh of the Athletic As- sociation and B. J. Wefers, the sprinter, have entered the games to be given in Bos- ton, Madison Square, New York, and by the University of Pennsylvania, which will take place during February. It is probable that a relay team will also be sent. Armond Lauterbach, 8S. J., gave a suc- cessful specimen in the grammar class cf the junior side recently, in which the prir- efpal participants were John Fogarty and John Barrymore, both reciting Latin selec- tions from Ovid and Cicero. Mr. Keating, S. J., has been selecied as moderator of the Dramatic Socievy, and is arranging for an entertainment to be given soon, at which will be presented the last act of “‘Hamlet,” a scene from “A Mer- chant of Venice” and one from “Richard ‘The Toner Scientific Circle will meet next week to organize. The prize offered by Rev. Father Wm. J. Honis for the best short story written by “student of the first academic department has been awarded to John Timmes of Shamokin, Pa., for “A Story of Quaker- town.” J. David Whesler of Baltimore, Md., was given second plac2 for “Wilson's Bank Account.” The Morris Literary and Debating Society meets tomorrow afternoon to organize for the second school term. Dr. Fehleisen of San Francisco, Cal., dis- coverer of the origin of erysip2ias, gave four special lectures to :he third and fourth year classes of the m: al department re- cently on “Surgery of Kidneys, “Tumors of the Mamurary Glands” an: “Malignant Tumors of the Large Intes- tines.” Examinations will be conducted next week in the medical departmen? by Dr. Burnett on ophthalmology, Dr. Whitmer on mental diseases, Drs. Cuthbert :nd Bayne on sur- gery, and by Dr. Styles on embryology. Dr. Styles has recently been appointed by the State Department a spetal commis- sioner to report on the parasitic diseases ct seal life. Howard University. At the special service of sorg in Minor Hall tomorrow evening at ) o'clock the following program will be rendered: Song, “Christ Returneth,” full chorus; scriptural recitals, young ladies of Minor Hall; solo, “Jesus, Lover of My Soul,” Prof. J. W. Stephens; invocation; duet, “Sweet Guiding Star,” Miss Love and Miss Hunter; song, “Try Light is Come,” full chorus; address; vocal and instrumental solo, “Abide With Me,” Miss Wright and Miss Perry; read- ing, “The Hermit’s Sacrifice,” Miss Kate Donohue; solo, ‘The Man of Galilee,” Miss C. Love; reading, “He Had Not Where to Lay His Head,” Miss Adele’ Seymour; song, “Happy Day,” full chorus; closing song, “Gloria Patri.” Prof. W. E. B. DuBois, Ph.D., of the University of Pennsylvania, delivered an address on “The Spirit of Modern Europe,” before the Bethel Literary Association Tues- day evening. Mr. R. C. Kelly has been elected director of the Mandolin and Guitar Club's chorus singers. Prof. Fairfield, dean of the college ce- partment, delivered a special lecture to the class in philosophy Wednesday afternoon, his-subject being ‘‘Socrares. Prayer meetings weve held every day the past week, conducted y the professors of the different departm: ‘The Theological Lit rary and Debating | Society will meet Wednesday. afternoon. ‘The question for debate is: ‘Resolved, That Martin Luther has done more for the cause of Christ than Joann Wesley.” The speak- ers will be E. Tartt for the afirmati' ind W. Payne for the negative. After the open- ing the question will be submitted for gen- eral debate. The Eureka Literary and Debating So- ciety has resolved itscif into a mock con- gress and elected the following officers: Speaker, T. W. Turner; clerk, J. H. Richie; treasurer, R. H.-Ewell; sergeant-at-arms, A, B. Chaney. National University. Dr. J. 8S. McLain began his lectures on “Toxicology” before the medical depart- ment the 6th instant. The course consists of an introductory to the subject and: sev- eral other lectures, and the exhibition of | the instruments and appliances made use of in cases of poisoning. 4 A meeting of the graduates of the med!- cal achool was held receatly for the pur- pose of organizing a m=ico-chirurgical so- ‘efety. Dr. D. BE. Wiber was made tempor- ary, chairman, and Dr. E.W. Watkins, secre- tary. A committee consisting of Drs. F. 0;,Roman, O. H. Coumbe and Edwin Glad- ‘mon was appointed for the purpose of drafting a constitution. ’ Dr. D. E. Wiber has finished his lectures on dental histology and has begun a course on dental pathology. ‘ Qu aS eS ‘Phat was a mighty, swell bail last night,” said one man who was there to another who wasn't; =. ~ . . It must have been,”. was . “Our see eae! See “Shouter—You Have my sympathies, sir. went anywhere in her didn’t buy @ return ticket.” A Jointed Warship Which Turns Completely Around MARVEL Within Its Length While Going st Full Speed. NEW WARSHIP MODEL! Jointed Structure and the Wonderful Re- sults Olaimed. ‘Itit Fulfills the Promise of the Model It May Revolutionize Nav: Warfare. When Uncle Sam adopts the new jointed warship designed by Reuben H. Plass, a mechanical engineer of Brook!yn, his float- ing forts will be able to outfight, outsail and outmaneuver those of all other ra- tiors. Such, at any rate, is the firm con- viction of the inventor, and he ought to knew. Mr. Plass has devoted many years to the development of his highly original idea, and has achieved a degree of excellence fore the observer has time to say “Jack Robinson” it is off in a new direction, Straightening itself once more to the nor- mal figure of a ship. The jointed warship has a rudder like other boats, although that is scarcely necessary, a steers it- self by its own motion. The rudder, how- ever, may be used when a quick change of couree is not required. Mr. Piass thinks his device will prove particularly desirable for cruisers, gun- boats and torpedo boats, the uscfulness of which in action depends largely upon the rapidity of their maneuvers. It may also be used, he says, for armored vessels of the first class, and would be practicable even with one as big as the Great Eastern. The Lull of the jointed warship is built in three independent — sections, ch of which is divided into numerous vater- tight compartments where the sections ad- join. Built into the hull are strong, water- tight, vertical, cylindrical sections, each with a hollow, vertical central pivot, form- ing immence hinges, which are turned by the engine by means of bevel spingears, and the vertical shaft of a clutch made to cause the fore and aft sections to turn si- multaneously in opposite directions. Hence, the man at the wheel, with as much ease as that with which he would manipulate the comparatively crude steer- PLAN OF SECTIONAL HULL VESSEL FOR RAPID MANEUVERING. which he believes to be very near perfec- tion. He has finished a model of a war- ship which not only can be steered with a small percentage cf the time and trouble required by vessels now in use, but can be stopped within its own length when steam- ing at full speed and turned completely arovnd in the same distance. These quali- ties, If found equally practicable with a model of full size, will make the new fight- er a marine marvel, and remove all doubt as to the outcome of any engagement in which it may be involved. This jointed warship when sailing a straight course looks much like any other vessel. Its peculiarity only becomes evi- dent when the course ts suddenly altered. ‘Then it bends bodily to one ‘side or the other with the grace and almost the agil- ity of a sportive porpoise, curving its for- werd and after sections until it assumes nearly the shape of a quarter moon. Be- ins gear at present employed, can use the forward and after sections of the vessel as double rudders, and make the seemingly cumbersome warship dart off almost at right angles to its course with the speed and ease of an educated whale. Or, if he merely desires to stop short, he can, with- out the trouble of reversing the engines, send the ship spinning in a circle whose diameter will be less than the vessel's length. The hull of the center section is re fore and aft, and the segment of a circ secured in the adjoining end of cach of the other sections. These segments slid: the recesses and serve to keep the water out of the spaces between the hulls. They also destroy the normal headway of the vessel ard turn ft in the desired direction. The decks and bottems of the three sec- tions are protected at the points of junc- tion by plates which slide one over another and also assist in closing the intervening spaces. MUTTON BIRD OF TREFOIL ISLAND. The Sooty Petrel is Esteemed a Del- feacy in Australia. From the San Francisco Chronicle. Tastes differ in different latitudes, even among English-speaking people. Imagine Caucasians dining on saited petrels, and with a relish, too, as though that fish-eat- ing sea bird were a luxury. Of all the fowl that haunt the barren islands on the Califor- nia coast, none are considered so worthless as the sooty petrel. Even the seagull has his usefulness as a scavenger un the bays along the coast, but the petrel is truly a despised bird iu these waters. Seagulls’ eggs bring a price in the market that makes it worth while to gather them at a considerable ex- pense, but no one thinks it worth while to rob the petrels’ nests on the rookeries at the Farallone Islands. - It is different in Australia. Is it the cold winds that blow up from the antarctic re- gions or the hot air that sweeps down from the equator? No matter what the cause, the fact is that the appetites of our Aus- tralian cousins are radically different. The scoty petrel is there an edible fowl, with a decided market value, and a number of men and small craft are employed each year in catching, salting, packing and car- rying it In great quantities from the rook- eciee on Trefoil Island and other adjoining islands on the rorth coast of Tasmania to Stanley and Melbourne. Mutton bird is the general name given the petrel there, and the men and ships en- gaged in the business are known as “mut ton birders.” To Americans this ts quite a novel industry, and the fact that such com- men sea birds as the petrel are packed and salted down like so much pork Is always a matter of wonderment to strangers who go there. But the test of the pudding is in the eating of it, and those who have dined off mutton birds instead of land mutton pro- ncunce the one every bit as good as the other. If you leave San Francisco in August, sailing westward and southward, you will puss many great flocks of birds that will be pointed out to you as sooty petrels—or they will pass you, for they are traveling about three times faster than you are. And when you reach Melbourne and have be- come acclimated enough to venture a trip across to Tasmania, you may dine off the young of those very birds that passed you on the California coast, only now they will be served to you as mutton birds. ‘These fowls leave the Farallones every few months, and once ¢very year they visit Australia. Trefoil Island is their chief roosting place in the southern hemisphere, so far as is known. Here they scratch and dig in the barren soil until they have bur- rcwed a hole perhaps two feet deep. Into these holes each hen in the immense flock deposits her one egg. The mutton birder irserts his arm full stretch for his game. He does not take the egg, but waits a week or ten days after the egg has been hatched. Tren he finds the young bird almost as -big as its parent, but much more tender and fat. On land the petrel is quite unable to escape from the catchers. It cannot mount into the air from off the land, though its wings are enormously long in proportion to its black body, and it rises quite gracefully from the water. On shore, however, no difficult task to gather the yearly har- vest of young mutton birds. The mutton- birding season on Trefoil Island lasts from pn peer ohagmoden this includes the catching, is, packing and shipping. They are packed in casks, and these are loaded on coasting schooners that come af- ter them from Tasmania and Melbourne. By the time the fresh crop of mutton irds is being eaten at Melbourne the adult islands and the Farallones are their chief rookeries on this coast, and that at certain seasons these islands are entirely deserted by them, while the islands off Tasmania and the southern coast of Australia then swarm with them. ——-2e< ——__ WHAT IS REQUIRED. The Virtues That a Man Must Pos to Be a Successful Condactor. From the Chicago Post. The applicant was anxious to find out all he could about the business. He had put in his application for a job, expected to get one, and was endeavoring to post himself. “What does a man need most to be a good strect car conductor?” he asked. The old-timer pondered the question a few minutes before replying. There was so much needed that it was hard to decide what was most important. “Patience,” he said at last. “Of course, honesty is a good thing, and politeness sometimes pays. Endurance Is necessary, too; but patience beats them all. When a man reaches the point where he can stand, without complaining, the kicks of the pat- rons, the superintendent and the barn boss about one end the same thing, each one taking a different view of the matter, he has acquired what is most necessary in his line of business. SSS ee Stranger Than Fiction. From the Cleveland Leader. Kidder (coming out of the telephone box) —“I just had a terrible shock.” Gulling—“Why, it’s clear outside—there’s no lightning. What do you mean?” Kidder—“The girl at the central office didn’t say the line was busy.” The instinct of motherhood shows itself in a girl’s earliest years. Her doll-baby, or it may be a cat-baby, is her most cher- ished companion, From the cradle to the grave maternal instinct is the cen- ter and source of a woman's woman- hood; and all her hysical life is in- uenced for good or bad by the con- dition of the deli- ——_cate organism most intimately Hae Ty in i Every mother of a growing girl ought to anticipate the aie imitations of approaching womanhood and take percaution to insure health and Foti’ f rected immediately by Dr. Pierce’s Fa- for these delicate complaints. It gives ial strength and healthy tone to the feminine organism, and the tressing symptoms which are erongfally are wron; attributed to ia or dvapepae of | : i i bred Pe ies