Evening Star Newspaper, October 17, 1896, Page 20

PHYSICAL TRAINING An Expert Tells How the Muscles Can Be Developed. PROPER METHOD OF TAKING EXERC: E Endurance Rather Than Strength is the Essential. TO AVOID FATIGUE NE OF THE BEST- known athletes in this country is Prof. Maurice A. Joyce, the popular instructor of the Carroll Institute gymnasium, a man who, but thirty-five years of age, enjoys an athletic expe- rience of twenty-two years. When but thirteen years of age he entered a circus, and for ten years was one of the finest and highest-priced performers in the profession. Shortly after his marriage, twelve years ago, he left the show business, and is at the present time crier of Criminal Court No. 1. But he never relinquished his athletic work, and is today one of the most accomplished performers in the country, and, of course, a magnifi- cently developed man physically. ‘The other day a Star reporter visited the Carroll Institute gymnasium, and stopped Prof. Joyce in his work long enough to ob- tain the following points on how to develop the muscles. rhe first and most important thing,” said Prof. Joyce, “is to ascertain the weak points of a person, and then, by special ex- ercises, to equalize their physical develop- ment. That done, the next step’is to apply such a variety of exercises as will develope the whole muscular system, gradually and uniformly. Muscular strength, you know, is one thing and endurance is another, al- though about every person who enters a gymnasium does so with the idea of becom- ing a second But, Samson or Sandow. very des nion that ¢ more valuable t to prevent the de sles at the expense of the ner- vous system, enly light work should be done at first. Then, another thing to be avoided is what may be termed the one- mechanical acts of life. normal development of one or of one particular set of . nin men and boys who have done gymnasium work without the guidance of a competent teacher. Experience in the G@ y, it is a fact, although many people that an inexp go into a gymn: r work than can an inex- drug store and put scription, should explicitly obey the instructor, rather than his own inclina- tions. Then he will be told and will learn that mode rand vigorous exer- . with some attention to sleep and diet, will not only stay the development of fat, but will oduce a strong, enduring musculer Where a man has For the Abdominal Muscles. reached the age of forty years it is abso- lutely dangerous to adopt exercises sudden and violent in their nature. Yet it is very Gifficult to restrain them from taking such work. e “Of course I do not mean to be under- stood as saying that heavy gymnasium work Is not beneficial under any cfreum- stances. On the contrary, I am a great be- Mever in it at the proper time. But the exercises should in every instance st of light work, such as wands, dumb bells and similar things, in which overwork is impossible. Then, as the strength, to- gether with the endurance of the subject, is gradually developed, the heavy work may with advantage be taken up. “There is another popuiar impression which I wish to correct, and that ts that bos gymnasium is only fer young people. hat not true. At least, it should not larly in a city like Wash- ington, where so many people are so close- ly confined by business, and therefore are in great need of exercise. And, as I have said, the lightest exercise systematically and intelligently taken, will work the most beneficial results. But one must have patience and perseverance, and should Rever forget that form cannot be changed In a day. Primer of Exercise. “To one contemplating athletic exercise I would make the following suggestions, advising that the work of developing the legs should be the first consideration. - To develop the lower parts of the legs, walk and run on the balls of the feet in easy low-heeled shoes. Raise on the balls of the feet forty or fifty times. If the work Is done in a gymnasium the running track. Then jumping the rope is an ex- cellent practice, care being taken to keep well within easy endurance at first and then gradually Increasing the number of femps. Not more than fifteen or twenty Jumps should be taken at first. Such work indulged In for a few months will not only largely increase the girth of the calves, but will also give the lower legs great strength. ‘ow, to develop the thighs most of the exercises advised for the lower legs should be indulged tn, together with bending of the body. henever the body is bent forward the knees should be kept stiff and the hands kept raised high above the head, the object being te touch the floor with the fingers. Running, jumping and also dancing should also be practiced in this connection, as well as squatting. And in this work ‘It 1s well to use the dumb bells or barbell drill. In jumping do so with the feet apart, and then slide them to- gether on the floor, after landing, the inner thighs thus being developed. “Very many people suffer from weak- ness in the waist, and their weakness is observable in their swaying from side to side in walking. Of the exercises to cor- fect that and strengthen the muscles of the side or waist one of the best is hop- ping, using first one foot and then the other. But great care should be takea to step this exercise before the hopper ,be-_ comes fatigued. Wrestling, balancing and walking on a fall, together with wand and dumb bell drills, are also to be-com- mended for the waist muscles.- -Alse bend- ing of the body from side to side, and the use of pulley weights, as well as- the se of the regular waist developer. Muscles of the Abdomen. _“The development of the abdominal-mus- éles is another very important matter, and , for exercises of this kind a mat, known as the abdominal, is used. When It is placed on the floor persons should lie ex- tended on it, face upward. Then ‘the legs should be brought up to a vertical position to make a right angle of the body, and tken downward until fatigue is’ near: Next, the body should be brought to a sitting position until fatigue is again near. Then the person shouid sit on a low stool with feet fastened to the floor, when the body should be worked forward and back- ward, a movement which acts directly on the abdominal muscles, as does the act of bending the body forward while in an erect position. For the Chest. “With these exercises, which effect a cer- tain massage result on the particular mus- cles, dumb bells and barbell drills, pulley weights and running should be indulged in, the knees, in running, to be raised high. Under such treatment the abdom- inal muscles will be not only wonderfully developed, but also as wonderfully strengthened, and the man whe Is so | equipped possesses an advantage over his | fellow man who lacks that strength which j it is not easy to estimate. “While most of the exercises recom- mended for the development of the abdom- inal muscles te!l more or less on the muscles of the loins, I would suggest in addition the swinging of bells between the feet and also upward above the head. In fact, any work which requires the bending of the body materially benefits the muscles of the loins, and rowing fs, therefore, of very great advantage. The use of dumb- bells is particularly effective, and for a juan bells weighing from twenty to thirty pourds should be vsed. They should be placed on the ground between the feet, and then ratsed first with one hand and ‘then with the other high above the head, being reiurned each time to the floor between the feet. Shoulders and Upper Back. “The filling out of the shuulders and the upper back Is a most important considera- tion, not only as respects the physical de- velonment of the person, but also as to his carriage and appearance. In the case of a man weighing 130 pounds, who has had some gymnasium or other athletic experi- ence, I would suggest in the first place the use of dumb bells of from three to five pounds ach in exercises for filling out the A bell should be held in each arms being kept stiff, and the 1 first beside the thighs. That taken, the hands should be rd and horizontally until the ver the head, then downward ¢ first position. This movement should induiged in ezsily and slowly, from ht to ten times at first, gradually in- creasing the number as the subject over- the With the Bells. co! the resulting fatigue. For developing the upper back and top of the shoulders, start with the bells over the head, the elbows being kept stiff, the hands being stopped when they drop out- ward to the shoulders. Next, carry the bells from the first position at the thighs backward and upward, keepirg the arms straight at the elbows, until the hands are raised as high behind as they can reach. Hold them there a moment, and then re- peat the mcvement until fatigue Is felt. “And just here, I would again repeat the injunction that in every exercise, no mat- ter what its nature, work should cease the moment fatigue is felt, for when fatigued no subject can be benefited, while on the other hand serious injury is very apt to result. In these exercises for the shoul- ders and back not only will the muscles of those parts be nicely developed and great- ly strengthened, but the triceps will like- wise be benefited. No opportunity to en- gage in dumb bell drills should be lost by one wno Is deficient in those parts, or work on the horizontal and parallel bars and with chest and giant pulley weights. To Increase the Biceps. “It would be very difficult, almost impos- sible, to find a man or boy, or even girls or | woman, who does not wish at the very out- | set to obtain great biceps, and about every person imagines that to obtain them the hardest kind of work is required. Yet, It | is not by any means a difficult matter, and light instead of heavy work should first be indulged in. “In the first place, stand in the first dumb-bell position, then curl the bells from beside the thighs to top of the shoulders, the head being held rigidly erect, and the chest expanded to the very utmost. Con- tinue the movement from eight to sixteen times, counting the movements. Then, with, the hands out at a horizontal position, shoulder high, curl the arms until the hands reach the neck and then back to horizontal position, the same number of times, and counting the movements. As the subject becomes gradually more profi- cient, work on the parallel bars, the trapeze and flying rings, and climbing the rope and pole may be advantageously indulged in for the development and strengthening of these muscles, as well as hand balancing on the floor and on the parallel bars. “Another excellent exercise in this con- nection ig the use of the pulley weights. In this exercise, stand facing the weights, about an arm's length from them. Then draw the hands in horizontally until they are close up to the shoulders, the weights to be allowed to drop slowly back. Do this until fatigued, of course, and magnificently developed and wonderfully strong biceps | will result in an astonishingly short time. | All these exercises will at the same time develop and strengthen the chest, a most important thing. 5 - “Now, there is much more work that I could tell you of, but none more beneficial, and certainly none more necessary, es} cially for beginners. And as you see, It is work of which the most of it can be done at home as well as In a regularly equipped gymnasium. Of course, work fm such an institution is to be preferred, ially when it is presided over by a competent ard intelligent instructor, but any one who observes these suggestions, in or out of a gymnasium, will be wonderfully benefited, and, I am quite sure, permanently s age The Paradox of It. Fiom Judge. Brown—“There is one thing that struck me about female suffrage.” Mrs. Brown—“What's that, my dear?” Brown—“As soon as a wo man conventions.” 1896-—TWENTY-FOUR PAGES. BERKELEY. VIRGINIA HOMES Residences of the Well-Known Family of the Harrisons, BERKELEY AND BRANDON ON THE JAMES A Fine Example of the Colonial Type of Architecture. GALLERY OF PORTRAITS ERKELEY AND Brandon, on oppo- site sides of the James river, are the cradles of the well- known Harrison family in Virginia. In 1622 the planta- tion of Berkeley is first mentioned in colonial annals. It was then owned by George Thorpe, a man of prominence in that day. He had befriended the Indians in numerous 1n- stances and had shown marked kindness to Opeckuncanough, the uncle of Poca- hontas, but “the only good Indian is the dead Indian,” and in the fearful uprising tentious, but it.has been the birthplace of a’ governor of Virginia and signer of the. Declaration of Independence, of a revolutionary general and of a President of the United States. Nine generations of Benjamin Harrisons were on the board of visitors-of historic William and Mary Col- lege, and many of the family were mem- bers of Congress and held other prominent positions. One-room in Berkeley -has- especial in- terest, as, upon his election to the presi- dency, Gen. William Herry (Tippecanoe) Harrison came to write his inaugural ad- dress {n it—“his mother's room.” Berkeley is better krown in the north as Haurrison’s Landing, the point of ex- change of prisoners during the late war. After the battle of Malvern Hill McClellan retreated to this point and there fortified himeelf. : The common ancestor of the Harrisons of Berkeley and of Brandon was Benjamin Harrison of Surry.county, and over his grave in the old church yard near Cabin Point is this epitaph: “Here lyeth the Body of the Hon. Benjamin Uarrison, Esq., who did Justice, loved Mercy, and walked humbly with his God; was always loyal to his Prince and a Great Benefactor to his Country. He was born in this Parrish the 20th of September, 1645, and departed this life the 30th day of January, 1712.” His great grandson, Hon. Benjamin Har- rison of Brandon, was, at the commence- ment of the revolution, a member of the council, at the sate time with his relative and namesake of Berkeley. Brandon is a fine example of the colonial type of ar- chitecture, and one of the handsomest of the well known houses on the James. The house {s almost hidden from view by the fine trees which surround it. Most of the Presidents from Washington to Lincoln have been entertained here, and also distinguished men from all sections of the country. Throughout his childhood, William Henry Harrison was in the habit of crossing the river and spending his Sat- urdays and Sundays with his relatives at of that year Opechancanough himself as- sisted in the massacre of his benefactor. Later, the property passed into the hands of Benjamin Harrison, speaker of the house of burgesses and member of the Continental Congress, and remained in pos- session of his descendants until about twenty-five years ago. Berkeley is a square brick dwelling, two stories high, with gable roof and dormer windows. The porch around the house has been added in recent years. Compared with stately Brandon, Berkeley is unpre- Brandon. The alléry of portraits at Bran- don is famous” Among them is the col- lection made if England by’ William Byrd, the colonial plante®-The list includes Sir Wilfred Lawson," Sir Goitréey Kneller; thie Duke of Argyle (Jeanie Dean's ffiend), Lord Orrery ahd Sir Charlig Wager; Miss Blount, celebrated by ‘Popes’ Marty, Duchess of Montague; William Byrd and his beau- tiful daughter Evelyn, and portraits by Vandyke, Sir Peter Lely and other cele- brated artists, A few years back ex- President Benjamin Harrison made a pil- grimage to Berkeley and Brandon, when he saw, for the first time, the celebrated homes of his celebrated ancestors. A TIME EXPOSURE. A Truthful Traveling Man Tells a + Tale of a Photographer. “As a rule,” remarked the drummer in photographic supplies to the photograph man, in The Star mah’s hearing, “I am willing to accept your statement that pho- tographers don’t play as many tricks on the trade as some other people do, but there are exceptions.” “Well, I never heard of one,” said the photographer, shaking his head as if he wanted to butt the drummer off the line of argument. “Let me give you an example,” said the drummer, seating himself comfortably. “Not so many years ago I had a friend who was anxious to buy a photograph gallery in a southern city, and having quite a solid little wad of wealth he was pre- pared to supply himself with something handsome. Being a first-class artist as well, he knew that when he did get what he wanted he would know what to do with it. Well, he had me to look out for him on my trips, and in a month or so I picked up in one of the large southern cities an ad- vertisement by a photo man who wanted to sell out on account of poor health. “The ad. read well, and my friend wrote to the man at once, and was so pleased with what he was told that he finally came to*see the party. It was arranged by the seller that the purchaser should be there on one of three days—10th, 11th and 12th of July, I believe, as he was too busy to see him at any other time, but thought he might have a little resting spell then. My friend got there on the 10th, and went to the gallery as coon as he had breakfasted, which was about 10 o’clock. A half dozen people were-in the place waiting, and the artist only had time to tell him to call at noon. He did so, and there were more people, and the time was put off till 3, and then again till 5, and it kept going that way for two days and up to noon of the third. “Then the photographer said it was a shame to keep him waiting longer, and he would give him an hour that evening, if he had to shut up shop to do It. Of course, by this time my friend was more than con- vinced that he had hit on a bonanza, and he was ready to pay almost any price the party might ask. To make the place more attractive to my friend he had observed that most of the visitors to the gallery were judges and majors and colonels and that sort, and their ladies. Well, the bar- gain was closed and my friend got out that night and was back again in ten days ready to carry on the good work of his successor, whose health prevented his en- joying such a pecuniary snap.” “And, of course, he got a bargain?” in- terrupted the photograph man. “Oh, did he?" sneered the drummer. “Oh, that artist didn’t do a thing to him, did he? My friend didn’t get two customers @ week, and couldn’t coax them to him, and he just dropped $2,000 cool on the job. And why, friends and fellow citizens?” con- cluded the drummer, in semi-tragic tones, “and why? Because that innocent and. } guileless photographer had worked up a boom for those three days by sending out invitations to a lot of prominent people to come in on those days and he would take their photographs free. Of course, they came. Did anybody ever refuse anything that was free, and especially when it was a_chance to have their pictures taken? Well, I guess not.” And the drummer handed his handkerchief to the photograph mar for him to wipe his weeping eyes with. He Invited It. From the Cleveland Leader. “ He—‘T fell in love with you the first time I ever saw you. What did you think of me?” She—T thought it was a pity you were so thin that you'd never look well in knick- erl ers.” Then he wandered out into the moonlit night and kicked six pickets off the fence. FRESH FLOWERS AT SBA. How the Rich Traveler Takes Them With Him, From the New York Tribune. One of the manage-s at Thorley’s floral establishment tells an interesting story about the gifts of flowers to departing friends on the trans-Atlantic liners: ~The flowers that are- used are in accordance with the season. The season opens with violets,-. Then- come: roses, then carna- tions, and the last of all are the orchids. ‘By far the greater number of the orders are for flowers to be left in the saloon of the steamship on the morning of sall- ing, and by the time the Sandy Hook ght- ship is sighted the flowers that are left in this way are withered and gone. The rea- son for this has been attributed by many to the salt sea air, but according to the florists the salt sea air has nothing to do with the matter at all. The real reason is that the flowers are necessarily left for some time in the saloon, and while the liner ig in her dock, and in fact until she is fairly out at sea, the saloon is almost invariably insufferably hot, and it is from this cause that the blossoms wither and die. But lately another fad has come into vogue, and that is the sending of flowers to be laid on the plate of the fair one every morning in the course cf the voyage, as fresh and fair as though they had only just been plucked from the hothouse. The way that this is done is a problem to many, but in reality it is a simple thing. The flowers are first ordered and then they are paid for. Those are the first steps, and they are all that are taken by the sender. The flor- ist then sends a number of boxes to the steward of the steamship, and they are put in the cooling room. Each box is marked with the date on which they are to be used, and every morning the steward places the contents of the right box beside the plate of the chosen one at breakfast. In this way flowers are made to bloom even on the briny deep, but it .costs money to make them bloom. Mr. Emery in the Observer makes some suggestions as to,the growing of flowers in a school room for the instruction -of the children which teachers may find helpful. He advises tha} gardens be made in glass jars or dishes and. planted as follows: The jar should be large‘mouthed, something on the order of sen confectioners’ shops, and should be Mled‘to within an inch of the top with good-soil. Then lay a row of seeds, corn, peas,'eans, morning glory, bemp, etc,, ardtind the edge next the glass, and add the itith of soil needed to fill the jar. The condiffon; of the seed is the same as it would he if‘planted in the ground, except each.seed i8°in plain sight, and the process of swelling, sprouting, the root growing dowm:and the top up, can be watched trod its stages, giving a far better idea"of the growth of the seed- lings than pagép of;-book description. —7-—_ne- + * Knots Medj»y Machinery, ‘From the Popularificlemce News, “If tnveritions, continue to multiply at the present rate,.the:@hy may- speedily. come when man will have.to sit with folded arms while-his work and even his pleasures are turned out for him. Science has lately givcn’us'a marvel in the shape of a ¢ard- counting machine. Two of these most in- teresting automata now working are used for counting and tying stal cards into small bundles. Two of the machines #re capable of- counting 500,000-eards inten hours and wrapping and tying the same in packages of twenty-five each: In this op- eration the paper. is pulled off a drum by two Jong “fingers” which come up from be- low, and another finger dips in a vat of gum and applies itself to the wrapping paper in exactly the right spot. Other parts of the machine twine the. paper around the pack of cards and then a “thumb” presses over the spot where the gum is, and package, tied with the paper slip, is rown upon a carry belt ready. for. deli e FARMING AND SILVER The Possible Effect of Remonetization on Agriculture, THE FARMER'S CHANCE OF PROSPERITY A ‘Leading Illinois Farm Writer Looks at the Question. POINTS TO CONSIDER The effect of the remonetization of sil- ver on the workingmen, on the clerks, on the merchants and on other classes of the community has been discussed in The Star. The farmers’ interest in the subject is dis- cussed by Mr. John M. Stahl, secretary of the farmers’ national congress, in a pa- per forming one of the contributions to a free coinage symposium in the October Forum: If gold and silver remain at a parity when we have the free and unlimited coin- age of both metals at a ratio of 16 to 1, then the people of this country, acting through the machinery of the national government, will pay one dollar for about fifty cents’ worth of silver. It is safe to say that rot one hundred farmers in all the country will have any silver bullion to sell. Practically the only individuals hav- ing silver bullion to sell will be the owners of silver mines and moneyed speculators— rich men. If gold and silver do not remain ata parity when we have the free and unlimited coinage of both metals at a ratio of 16 to 1, then the holders of gold which is now out of circulation, being hoarded in banks, safe-deposit vaults and elsewhere, will be able te sell it at a premium which may reach near to 100 per cent. It 1s safe to say that all the farmers of the coun- try will not hold 1 per cent of the gold in the country; and thus the premium will go into the pockets of those “shylocks” who are continually beirg denounced by the free coinage advocates. Thus, whether gold and silver remain at @ parity, or whether they separate, the farmers will reap no benefit; in either case the direct effect will be to enrich the ones who, the free coinage advocates claim, are already too rich; the direct effect will be the very effect that these advocates de- clare it their object to avold—“making the rich richer.” And, as there will be no vre- ation of real value, the effect must also be to “make the poor poorer.” Certainly the rich mine owners and mon- ey lenders are not rightful objects of the nation’s charity. There is no more reason why the government should pay one dollar for fifty cents’ worth of silver than that it should pay one dollar for fifty cents’ worth of wheat. The national government is the instru- ment of the nation, the machinery by which the people as a nation do business. If the government pays out a dollar it must be a dollar that belongs to the peo- pie; in most cases a dollar that the people have paid as a tax; in every case a dollar that could be paid out for the benefit of all the people—to improve the mail service, for example. If the holder of silver bullion is paid by the government two dollars for the bullion that is commercially worth only one dollar, it is not the treasurer of the United States who furnishes the money, but the people of the United States. The farmers of the fi the proceeds of ty-cent corn a very large part of the millions of dollars that will be used to en- rich the owners of silver mines. All farm- ers will pay this tribute to the rich men who own these mines. The free and unlimited coinage of silver demanded by the Chicago platform wouid not be, by reason of an increased price given to silver bullion or by reason of putting gold at a premium, of any benefit to the farmer, the manufacturer, the mer- chant, the mechanic or the common la- borer; none of these has gold hoarded or will have silver bullion to sell; the only ones who will be enriched will be the very ones that the advocates of the free sil- ver coinage demanded by the Chicago plat- form deciare should, of all men, not be enriched, the very ones that it is sought to array the farmers and laborers against. The farmer will not be benefited if gold and silver remain together; he will not be benefited if they fall apart. Wall street” —that is, what the advocates of the free and unlimited coinage of silver mean by that term—would profit in either case; for a fluctuating currency increases its’ op- pertunitles for “gambling.” It would prob- ably get a share of the profit by being paid more for silver than it is worth, or of having gold at a premium; but this share would not be taken from the mine owners or the “shylocks,” but be made thromgh “manipulating the market"—increasing the fictitious value given silver or forcing high- er the premium on gold. It would thus grow fat on the necessities of business and the misfortunes of the people. Instead of Wall street,” as the populists understand ‘Wall street,” being successfully combated by the free and unlimited coinage of silver, it would sucessfully maneuver with sil- ver and gold, forcing the price up one day and down the next, to the profit of the “gamblers” and the unsettling, perplexity and disaster of every business interest. Farming is a business interest. Whenever in a country tnere have been two kinds of money, the one inferior in bullion value to the other, the inferior money has circulated among the farmers, and the money that found its way into the strong boxes of the rich and the hands of “‘usurers’”’ has been the better mone It will be so until human nature change: until a man voluntarily parts with the better of two things and retains the worse for himself. Farmers always have been, and always will be, the chief sufferers from the discrediting and debasing of any part of the money of a country. In the days of the “wild cat” currency, farmers had the least coin; and as, from the nature of their business and the longer time re- quired for informaticn to reach them, they could not keep so well informed as could bankers and merchants, they were nearly always the losers. They it was who suf- fered most from the rotten currency of those days. Can any good reason be given why they would not suffer most from the debasement of any part of our curreacy now? The more convenient greenbacks, treas- ury notes, bank notes and silver certificates have always circulated almost entirely in cities, and the less convenient silver in the country. Gold and gold certificates went out of circulation in the country several months before they went our of circulation in the city. One rarely sees a treasury note or greenback in the country now. The best money has gravitated to the cities, being retained there, and the money not redeemable in gold being paid out, un- til on the farm one finds now only silver, silver certificates, national bank notes and an occasional stray greenback. The farmer has been made to bear the brunt from the distrust of a part of our currency. Debase that currency and the injury to the farmer will be increased. Legitimate business—the business that makes real (not speculative, fictitious) value by employing labor in the fleld, the mine, the shop or the store, or by trans- porting products—is most solidly prosper- ous when the currency is stable and every part of it has a certain and fixed value in no wise doubted or distrusted by the people; and such business has always suf- fered by a change in these conditions. The history of our country does not furnish a single exception to this; and it is exceeding- ly doubtful if the history of the wold furnishes an exception. The free and un- lUmited coinage of silver demanded by the Chicago platform would therefore be very injurious to the farmer, the manufacturer and the merchant for years to come. To doubt this injury to business is to count as naught all the experience of the ast; it is equivalent to saying that the opposite of what has always happened will hap- pen. It would not be more illogical to say that because we should coin, at a ratio of 16 to 1, all the silver that might be brought to our mints, water would run up- hill and the clouds would drop sunshine. Already the very possibility of the demand of the Chicago platform being complied with has closed mills, thrown thousands out of employment, and practically par- alyzed business—in brief, brought us face to face with hard times. ‘The prosperity of the farmer has always depended upon the ability of other classes to buy of him, and his comfort upon the ability of other classes to furnish him with what he needed and could buy; but he is today more dependent upon other classes than he was when the Major part of the clothing worn cn the farm, of the furniture in the use, and of the implements 'SSSSSOOSS OSES COESE CCECEsED ® ® * SOVOoeooeeesoveco % —Lots of interesting new: 2OOE Underwear. 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Ladies’ Egyptian Fleece-lined Ribbed Vests and Pants, the Kind that sell for 39c., 5e- Ladies’ Cashmere Hose, ribbed elastic top, now Gray Non-shrinkable One-third Wool Ribbed Shirts and Pants, the 69c. kind, for (c | POSOSSDOSESOSGS Ladies’ Black Maco Hose, the | kind that sell for 25¢., for Sc | | { | | Ladies’ Oncita Ribbed Union Suits, iu gray and white, for Se Boys’ Heavy Bieyele He 1 ¢ double heel, foot and ku 3¥c. kind, for | (Children’s Ribbed Egyptian Misses’ 3 Fast Black | jor Suits, tle lined, the Heavy Ribied Hos with | gy Gc. quality,” for doubie knees and fect, for | Cc. | Cc c | | | i Misses’ Ribbed Fleece-lined | Infants’ ¢: | Shirts end Pants at Black. Spec Ladies’ and 1 the $1.25 kind, fo &e- Wool Shirts shrinkable, with Fast Black He Heed heel and toe, 15 | € dS, used in the fields, was made altogether, or nearly altogether, beginning with the b raw material, on the farm, and when the major part of the surplus farm products was transported to the ultimate market by the farmer himself, using means of transportation that he himself owned. Farming is now more closely linked to other industries, and with them it shares a greater interdependence of industries In these days the farmer depends upon the mine, the forest, the furnace, the foundry, the shop, the factory, the warehouse, and the railway, for the dozen machines—sulky plow, disk harrow, two-horse corn p! and check-rower, sulky cultivator, r feed, grain-drill, hay-loader and ricker, self-binder, corn harvester, etc.—that he must use in his farming; for the clothing, readymade, that he wears himself, and the cioth for his wife's gown; and for practical- ly all the furniture in his house. He no longer hauls the grains and meats to the ultimate market, but now depends upon other men to kill and dress the animals, haul them and the grains and fruits and other products of the farm to the ulti- mate market, and there place them in the hands of the consumer. In fact, the dif- ferentiation of industries, the development of a factory system, and ail those rapid and radical changes that constitute the “industrial revolution” have so closely in- tertwined the interests of agriculture with other interests that the manufacturer, merchant or railway man cannot be in- jured in his business without the farmer being injured in his business. The influence above ail other influences affecting the price of farm products is demand and supply. Anything that lessens the dispositfon and ability of the merchant, manufacturer, mechanic, miner, or the pro- fessional man to buy, lowers the price of farm products. Any policy that banks furnace fires and silences the hum of spin- dies lowers the price of wheat, beef, but- ter, wool and fruits. Anything that com- pels the manufacturer to lessen his output, or the railréad company to lay off track- men and repairers, or the doctor, the law- yer, and the banker to reduce their house- hold expenses. takes from the prosperity of the farmer. The farmer cannot be ‘n- different to his interests. He cannot put into wider and continued operation forces hat by their very approach unsetile Jues, alarm capital, make prudent men wait, and greatly injure the business of manufacture, transportation and exchange, without dealing agriculture a hurt that before it is healed will overbalance any temporary gain that might accrue to 2 minority of farmers from their paying their debts In a depreciated currency. The chief advocates of the free and un- limited coinage of silver at the ratio of 16 to 1 contend that silver and gold will re- main at a parity. If this be true, then by no means will the free and unlimited coin- age of silver:make it easier for the farmer to pay his debts. For it will not make his land produce a bushel more of wheat or corn, or his steer or hog to manufacture more beef or pork from a pound of feed; it will in no wise increase the value of what he produces; and, if the silver dollar is as good ag the gold dollar, it will not in- crease the price of what he produces. His products will not-bring more dollars, and he will not find his debts easier to ‘is- charge. On the contrary, his lead of debi will be heavier; for, on account of the lessened demand due to the dislocation cf other industries, the price of his products will be seriously lowered. The burden of the farmer in debt will be increased; the conditions for the majority of farmers, out of debt, will be made harder. It may be that the most prominent and vociferous advocates of the free and unlimited coin- age of silver at 16 to 1 are mistaken and that gold and silver coin will not remain at a parity. If such should be the case then the farmer who is in debt could pay his creditor in depreciated dollars, and he would find it easier to pay the Gebt, if other influences were not active. But other in- MAYER BROS. & CO., e F Street. | dency toward a ri preciated curre: by the depr lessened dem continue for price of sever r dollar ’ products, whil ffect the Jebt but In short, it cannot coinage of silver < platform will be be shown that manded in the Ch the he fit any one except hoarder of gold, the silver mine owner cr the moneyed speculator. Whether the free and unlimited coinage of silver at the ratio s the of 16 to 1 gives us a dollar as gocd one we now have, or a cheap doll: boring man, the school teacner, th the merchant, the manufacturer, the mir the railroad employe, the farm laborer the farmer out of debt will be injured if the dollar be cheapene y benefit can accrue to the of our population, the whose debts may be paid with ch lars, and all those carrying life insura or having savings m building and loan sociations or in savings banks, will be injured. For the people of this country to heed the silver coinage demand of the Chicago platform would be as igible as if a man were to demolish of his dwelling to make yet more dry, warm and luxurious the dwelling of some rich man, and to stop a broken pane in his own. Moreover, the destruction of the side of the dwelling would be cersain and com- plete, while stopping the broken pane would be uncertain and incompls The farmer will not do -h. the abuse and ridicu periodicals have so’ would have sorely tempted any other men, to vote for free silver; and the advo! of free silver have been yuieily, persist- ently and adroitly working amons the farmers for more than two years. Hut the quigt, grave man that passes back and forth along the furrows may be depended upon to think it out, uninfluenced by the passions that sway city raasses, and to vote in Noveniber as he has always voted heretofore—for “the greatest good of the greatest number.” He does not believe in gold alone; he desires the largest coinage of silver consistent with eood faith and good business; and he believes that it ix possible for an earnest and honest effort te effect an international agreement that will make an increase in the volu: of our silver money an aid to pros and not a menace to business and enterprise; and he is decidedly opposed to e fr unlimited coinage of both silver « at the present legal ratio of 16 to 1, wi waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation.” = SHED HIS SKi A Remarkable Tale That Comes From Florida. From the Florida Citizen. The case of John Allen, an eight-year-old boy of this place, is puzzling the physi- clans, Six weeks ago an orange thorn p etrated the boy’s hip, inflammation follow- ed, and the boy was soon horribly swollen from head to foot. Finally, the swelling subsided, but the boy immedia y began to shed his skin. That on the face came off separately, but from the neck down the cuticle remained intact and moved off hy way of the hands and feet without break- ing. The cuticle was five days in passing off, and during that time the boy remained on the bed wriggling like a snake at the molting time. The child seemed to be in no pain, but complained of a tickling sensation and of a crawling of the flesh. When the exticle had been shed the boy immediately recovered and is now as well as ever. The skin which is shed is on exhibition at a physician’s office. It is a perfect cast of the human form from the neck down, and is about the consistency of hard glue, which it much resembles. n