Evening Star Newspaper, June 20, 1896, Page 23

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, JUNE 20, 1896-TWENTY-FOUR PAGES. 23 ts * HUNYADT JANOS, The World’s Best Natural Aperient Water. 25 Years’ Success in U. S. Highest Reputation all Over the World. CAUTION: None genuine without the signature of the firm “Andreas Saxlehner,” On the Label. Seiten pendent etetettetetedetitntatindnetatalee FREE ROCK FOR THE ROADS. ornixn’s Highway Bureau's Rock- Crushing Plant. From the San Francisco Wave. Following close upon the heels of recent events in read improvement agitation, the good roads convention at Santa Cruz, the supervisors’ convention at San Jose, and the universal stirring up of the question throughout the state, comes the opening of the state rock-crushing plant, at Folsom penitentiary, on Saturday last, June 6. The crusher is one-half a mile from the Folsom power house. The power is conveyed by means of compressed air through a Lafel turbine wheel and a six-inch pipe. At the machine the compressed cir rushes into a ' receiver, where it is heated by the Injection of a tine jet of steam no larger than a pencil point. This crusher is the largest of its kind in the United States. The foundation is 34 feet deep in solid rock, filled up with granite blocks 18 inches thick. The weight of the rock-bunkers, when full of rock, is 5,000,00) pounds. The main shaft of crusher is about as large as the shaft of -battle ship Oregon. Its capacity, running at full velocity, is 110 tons an hour, or almost two tons of crushed rock per minute. This great engine is a product of home labor. It was built by the Union Iron Works at a cost of $30,000. The total cost of the plant represents an outlay, if built by ordinary labor, of $100,000, but the use of convict labor represents an important sav- ing to the state. On the state property there is an unlimited supply of the finest kind of trap-rock for road-building pur- poses, which the highway bureau is author- ized to use. The crusher fs operated by the same agency which oversees also its dis- tribution. For this purpose an elaborate set of blanks has been prepared to insure that all the rock sent out goes to the roads for which it is designated. The contractor must file applications with the mayor or beard of supervisors and with the bureau; he must have all kinds of certificates from the board of supervisors that he has been granted the contract, and from the city engineer that the estimates.are correct, be- fore the rock is shipped. We have much to learn from the Roman people in the matter of road construction. They had the greatest system of highways the world has ever seen. At onetime twenty-nine great roads centered in Rome, and there were 320 state roads throughout s, Which extended through what is now Germany, France, Spain, and even into England, and south into Africa, It to withstand the heaviest of . ‘They were excavated 4 feet deep led with four solid layers of rock of decreasing size, the hottom layer being of solid rocks, hewn and fitted by hand, with mortar and cement poured into the inter- stices. Smaller stones were then laid in, and the top finished off with something like the macadam of the present day. On these great thoroughfares the Roman prisoners labored, and, in time of peace, road-making Was the occupation of the soldiery. Oppo- nents of convict labor usually base their ob- jections on the ground that it throws out of employment a certain amount of free labor by the introduction Into the market of goods at low prices which would otherwise have to be mae by free labor. However, the fact is that the convicts employed at rock crushing in Folsom do not compete at all, but actually create work for others. The fact is that rock crushed by outside labor is so expensive that it cannot be used by the state or counties for road making at all: whereas, the stone prepared by the convicts is supplied by the state for road building at a nominal charge, 1.e., that of the oll and waste used on the machinery, and the cost of transportation to the point where it is to be used. ——___-e~ ‘The Baby From the New York Times. The meaning of the cry of a baby Is a study which will be taken up by some young physicians, who will make a specialty of children’s diseases. “Mothers can afd immeasurably, !f they will,” said one of the young doctors. “I was called in the other day by a mother to prescribe for ‘something dreadful’ that she was convinced her child was suffering from, and found !t to be too warm clothing, and so only discomfort. In the nurse's eyes, the only remedy for any Indicated discom- fort on the part of a child 1s the bottle. If the baby cries, it must be fed; again, more feeding: if it worries, feed it; if it Is sick and nauseated, still offer it milk. It may be too tired from lying on one side, it may be tod warm or too cold, or have colic from an overloaded stomach, or a half dozen other conditions may exist, which forbid or do not call for feeding, but only this is offered. “Tt 1s the nurse or the mother, whichever is the constant caretaker of an infant, who can learn if she will to distinguish the little shades of meaning in a young child’s cry.” It is a fact well known to physicians that the cry of a baby suffering from cholera infantum 1s very indicative of the progress of the disease. A mother was much sur- prised to be told by her physician after the death of her first-born that, as he entered the hall door on the occasion of his first visit to the little patient and heard Its ery, he knew there was little or no hope, “for,” he said, “that cry is one which rings ina doctor's ears when once he has heard it, and he quickly recognizes it.” This mother found that the little wail of agony rang In her ears, too, for when, sev- eral years after, another child suffered from the same disease, Its first cry, quickly Iden- tifled by the unforgetting mother, sent a hurry call to the physictan’s office. If the utterance of dumb beasts can be studied and understood, there is hope for the baby, that most helpless of all living nature. ee Cry. FELS-NAPTHA SOAP (At Grocers.) FELS & CO.. Philadelphia. CURIOUS ABOUT THE BABY. It Was a Nice Child, but Mysterious, Until the Old Lady Explained. From the Chicago Times-Herald. She was one of the curious women who are always to be found everywhere, and when the young couple, accompanied by the baby and the old lady, entered the car she turned her attention to them at once. Presently the baby began to cry, and she saw her opportunity. She waited, however, until the poor young woman had tried vainly to quiet the baby, and then, when she yielded the battle and delivered it over to the older lady, .the curlous woman ; Opened fire. She began the campaign by offering the child a flower, and when the young woman, thankful of the cessation g@of the cries which had attracted the attention of all the passengers, thanked her gratefully, she commenced to ask questions at once: “How old is your baby?” she asked first, and the young woman blushed and looked despefately at her companions. “I don’t know,” she answered at last. “Do you, Edward 'No,”” wis tne brief response of the man, as he glared at the curious woman, man- fashion, “I don’t.” The young women looked as if she con- sidered the matter settled, and sighed com- fortably as she leaned back and began playing with the baby, but the inquirer Was not yet satisfied, and she returned to the charge. “Has your baby any teeth?” she asked, smiling cordially, and again the young wo- man blushed. “I—l_really don’t know,” was the an- swer again, and the young man rose hast- ily and went out upon the platform. “You don’t know, elther of you?” ejacu- lated the curious woman, in astonishment. “How funty.” But no explanation was offered her, and she tried another tack. “Is this your first baby?” she sald, with an insinuating smile, “or how many little blessings are there at your house “Bifty,”” answered the old lady shortly, seeing that the younger one was heip- less with embarrassment, and the curious woman fell gack in her seat in astonish- ment. “Why,” she gasped, looking the incred ulity she felt, “how ean that be possible” “I’m the matron of an orphan asylum, explained the cld lady icily, “and these kind young people are helping me to take this baby to the lady who has adopted it. ——-+e+— DUBBED HIM NAPOLEON. It Was a Democrat Who Was Trying To Ridicule McKinley. From the Cincinnati Enquirer. In the lobby of the Hurford Hotel at Can- ton today sat a party of prominent pollti- clans, one of whom beurs the distinction of | having first applied to William McKinley the historic name uf Napoleon. He ts a tall, slender, gray-haired man, whose race in life is nearly run, and who now, In the shadows of the end, ts one of the most interesting characters of the little city which suddenly is of national note as the home of McKinley. He has been a resident of Canton since the early days, and is known by its citizens as a living encyclopaedia of its progress. Archibald McGregor, now a typical gen- tleman of the old school, gave McKinley the name of Napoleon. This was in the early history of the ex-governor's political career. At that time McGregor was the editor of the local democratic organ. McKinley was a candidate for his first congressional term. McGregor was a sarcastic writer, and in some of his criticism of McKinley he took occasion to comment upon his mannerisms. He called attention to the seeming fact that he was fond of posing. The general appear- ance of McKinley then, as now, was much that of Napoleon, the genius in the art of war. McGregor recognized this, and became imbued with the fdea that McKinley was given to emphasizing his appearance by adopting the general demeanor of Napoleon. He handled McKinley without gloves in the matter, and mentioned at length the “Na- poleonic” manners of what he termed the “would-be Napoleon of Stark county poli- tics." The shot, while striking the mark, redounded somewhat to the benefit of Mc- Kinley. The republicans, instead of endeavoring to counteract, selzed the idea as one which would make their candidate popular, and declared that he was a second Napoleon, devoid of the conqueror’s shortcomings and pessessed of his talents in greater fold. Mc- Gregor succeeded in modifying the popular glamor somewhat by dubbing McKinley the “little Napoleon,” and both with and without the diminishing adjective, the name, with all its inspiration to hero worship, ever since has clung to him. Effects of the Bicycle Crase. From the New York Times. “We are not going out of town this sum- mer at all,” announced a small boy cf eight to his companions, the boys on the block, the other day: “we're all going to have wheels, and all of us, papa, mamma, and all of us”—meaning seven—“are going to take trips on them.” This fitting of the family with wheels is no novelty, but if many will similarly stay in town in corsequerce, it looks as if sum- mer resorts would be added to the list of disaffected enterprises, all on account of the wheel. C The other view of the case came from a man last week. “Where are we going this summer?” he repeated, answering the ques- tion of a friend. “Nowhere, I guess.” “Why, what's the matter? I thought you always moved out of town en famille from June to October. What has changed your ideas?” “Trolleys, cables and bicycles,” was the laconic answer, and then his questioner un- derstood, for he knew that he was the president of a horse nail company. coe One Consolation, Anyway. From the Chicago Dispatch. “Well.” exclaimed little Johnny, as he witnessed his father’s barn sailing into the next county, “popper can’t take me out to the woodshed now, certain.” Episcopal Humor. From Punch. Effie (who has come to spend a week at the palace)—“I think I ought to tell you at once, grandpapa, that I don’t care for any ickes unless they're the very best!” FIRST INTERVIEWER Chat With the Originator of This Journalistic Feature. J.B, MPCOLLAGH GIVES HIS EXPERIENCES The True Story of Johnson's Intoxi- cation When Inaugurated." SOME WAR INCIDENTS (Copyrighted, 1896, by Frank G. Carpenter.) ST. LOUIS, June 18, 1806. URING THE ST. D: outs convention there were more than 400 newspaper men in St. Louis. They have telegraphed hundreds of thousands of words of interview matter, and through them nearly every leading republican of the United States has been a special con- tributor to the press. At the same time, in his editorial sanctvm here, the author of the newspaper interview has been writing his e-mments upon these opinions and per- haps at the same time reflecting upon the develcpment of this great journalistic fea- ture, of which he may be called the founder. I refer to J. B. McCullagh, now editor-in-chief of the Globe-Democrat, but away.back in the sixties the “Little Mac’ who, as Washington correspondent, was the chief medium of commur.ication be- tween President Andrew Johnson and the public. Mr. McCullagh has long been noted as one of the brightest of our newspaper men. Born in Ireland, he began his life work as a printer in St. Louis, rising from the case to the reporter's desk. He was a mere boy at the outbreak of the war, but he at once went to the field as a corre- spondent, and before long was stationed at Washington, sending out news from that point. It was two years after the close of the war that he did his first great work as an interviewer. He was at the time corre- spendent cf the Cincinnati Commercial, and as such he made a tour through the scuth writing up the condition of the dif- ferent states. During this tour he surpr eu the press by a three-column talk with Alexander H. Stephens at his home in Georgia. 1t was the first interview of the kind ever given to the public, and the preminence of Mr. Stephens ase president of the confederacy and the stri ing ideas which Mr. McCullagh elicited from him created a decided sensation. Interviewing Alec Stephens. I had a long chat the other day with Mr. McCullagh about some of nis early news paper experiences. During it I asked him as to his first great interview. He replied: “I had, you know, good letters of tntro- duction and these gave me a cordial re- ception. I met Alexander H. Stephens at his home in Georgia. He lived near Craw- fordsville in an old-fashioned two-story frame house, which he called Liberty Hall. Ther» was a station near the house, and I suppesed that I shouid find a tavern there where I couid be accommodated dur- ing my s When I got off the train I found nothing but an old shanty kept by 2 negro woman. I asked her if she couid tell me where Massa Alec lived. She show me the house, and leaving my valise with her I walked up through the great lawn filled with forest trees and knocked at the door. A momen: later I met Alexander Stephens and presented my letters. He in- sisted upon my cc ming at once to the house. I remained with him for three days and had several long talks with him. He dis- cussed many matters relating to the souch and gave some striking views as to eman- ctpation and the negro. He told me that ke would have emancipated his own slaves long ago, but that he did not know how they could be taken care of. He said that his plantation would not raise enough money to support them, and that they had long cost him more than he was able to get out of them. They did not leave him at the close of the war and he had many of them still with him at the time of my visit. Our Two Greatest State Papers. “What other things did you talk of, Mr. McCullagh?” I asked. “A great many,” was the reply. “One of my questions, I remember, was as to what he considered the greatest of our state papers. His reply was: “There are two of our state papers which I consider the greatest of all. One 1s Thomas Jefferson's second inaugural and the other is the second inaugural of Abra- bam Lincoln.” “This statemont created a great com- ment throughout the south, and it was questioned by a number of the southern papers. The southerners could not then see how Alexander Stephens could mention Jefferson in the same breath with Lincoln. They looked upon Lincoln as an unedu- cated, Illiterate man, and the passions of the war were still too hot for them to give him the credit that they now do. The comments concerning the statement were so many that when I met Mr. Stephens later on at Washington I told him that my report had been disputed and asked him if I had understood him correctly. He re- plied that he could not remember just what he had sald to me, but that I had re- ported him exactly as he thought, and that as he really did believe that these papers were the greatest he could not see how I had gotten the idea if not from his conver- sation.” Interviewing a President. “How did you come, Mr. McCullagh, to have such close relations with President Johnson?” “It came from a talk of his which I re- ported. He noted that the article I wrote expressed his views exactly, and after that he gave me a number of interviews. ‘The first conversation was given by President Johnson without any idea on his part that it would be published. When he had fin- ished I asked him if he had any objections to my using what he had said in the news- papers. He replied that he had not, and when the matter was published he was so pleased with the result that I had easy ac- cess to the White House. I always pre- pared myself upon the subject which I wished the President to discusz before I went, and to a certain extent I had an ‘dea of the answers which I thought he ought to make. His talks were entirely intor- mal; many of them were more in the shape of chats than stilted interviews. We each had a rocking chair, and President Johnson would rock back and forth as he talked. He spoke very freely, saying whatever came uppermost in his mind, and at the close of each interview I would ask him if there was anything he had sald which he did not wish reported. He would then tell me to run over the subjects we had dis- cussed. I would do this, and if there was anything which he thought should not be published he would tell me. As a rule, however, he allowed me to use my own judgment. Andrew Johnson's Drinking Habits. “Andrew Johnson was not always dis- creet as to what he said,” continued Mr. McCullagh. I remember one talk with him, during which I suggested that certain of his remarks, if published, would probably get him into trouble. These remarks re- lated to Grant. Henry Wilson of Massa- chusetts, afterward Vice President, had suggested the name of Gen. Grant for the presidency, and this notwithstanding there was a large temperance element in Massa- chusetts. Grant was to a certain extent to be the candidate of this element. Andrew Johnson referred to this, and thereupon compared Grant’s habits as to drink with his own, much to the disparagement of Grant. He said, I remember, that Gen. Grant could drink all the whisky he pleased and still be popular with the temperance people, whereas if he happened to look at a glass he was reported as having been in a state of beastly intoxication.” “Did Johnson drink much?” I asked. “No; very seldom to excess,” was the re- ply. “He was not averse to a glass of good whisky, but the stories of his bad habits in this respect heve obpen greatly over- drawn.” How Johnson Got Dank at His In- auguraitfon. “Siow about his being firunk at the time of his inauguration as Vice President?” “That story is true;"tcreplied Mr. McCul- lagh. “At least, it is‘#fact that he was intoxicated that day. je real story as to how he got drunk has,gever been told. I happened, in a curious way, to be a part of it. I was at thmt.time clerk of John Sherman's committee, and was also acting as one ofethe reporters of the Associated Press. BMhere was a great crowd in Washington to attend the second inauguration of Presidémt Lincoln, and it was'known that the pressure at the. Capi- tol would. be very great. Admission was only by card. All thexdoors were to be guarded, and I feared-that I might have trouble in getting in. Arglark of one of the Senate committees, I had the right to stay in my committee room, over night, and I concluded to sleep there, rather than apply for a card. I knew that if I was in the building they would notsput me out, and so I stayed. The morning of the inaugura- tion was cold, and a drizzling rain was fall- ing. I spent the time prior to the coming of the crowd with Col! John W. Forney, who was secretary of the Senate. We were sitting in his room-about the fire, trying to keep warm, when I saw two men come to the door of the Senate, and one of them tried to open it. He shook It and pounced, but no one chme, and he finally started away. As he did so Col, Forney looked up. As the man turned he saw his face, and he jumped up and said: “Why, that 1s the Vice President. We must get him in.’ Now, it was only about half-past 10, and the door was still locked. We. could not open it, but Col. Forney tapped on the window and called to the two men to come to him. They came up, and I could then see that it was Andrew Johnson and his doctor. “Johnson looked pale and sick. it was af- terward charged that he had been on a spree the night before, and that he had come from his drinking without his break- fast to the Capitol. “I don’t know as to this. At any rate, he looked worn 5ut. Well, we opened the win-, dow and helped Fim and the doctor in. Both Johnson and the doctor were shiver- ing, and the doctor asked Forney if he had any whisky. ‘There was a black bottle always kept at that time in the Secretary's room, and Mr. Forney went te a cupboard and got it. He placed.it on the mantel- piece and set a tumbler beside it. Vice President Johnson walked from the fire over to the mantel and poured out what seemed to me a very big drink. I had never taken much whisky up to that time, and I did not know how much a good drink was. I could see, however, that the doctor and Mr. Forney thought it.was considerable. It was, I judge, about a half tumblerful. Vice President Johnson swallowed it al- most at a gulp and then came and sat down before the fire. As the flames and the whisky began to warm his chilled bones I could see his spirits-rising like the mercury in a thermometer. He soon became cheer- fut and grew very talkative. After a time he stepped up to the mantel and took an- other drink, though the doctor tried to dissuade him. He pushed the doctor aside with a word of pleasantry and filled the tumbler almost to the full of raw whisky. This he drank almost as rapidly as he did his first dram, and then went back to the fire. A moment later {t was plain to us he was intoxicated and that he was not fit to go Into the Senate. In the meanwhile the hour for the inauguration had arrived, and we were told that it was time for u in. It was but a few steps from Mr. ney’s office to the Senate chamber. Forney went first, and then came the Vice Presi- dent and the doctor, myself following up the rear. We enteredathe Senate chamber at just about the ume for giving the Vice President the oath ofovffce, I going up- stair When the oath ‘as administered, VicerPresident Johnson ntly did not thinlesthat the ceremony should conclude withoutthis saying some- thing, and he took advamtage of the cppor- tunity to make a speech. The cabinet wer de of him. He turned to them a y name, making KS, ending in every case with4 something like the following: ‘And E here tell you, Mr. Se¥ard, Secretary of State, Iam a plebeian, a man of the peo- ple, and I am py ud - ‘aa ' He addressed all the other Sccreturies'In the same way, and made a sami-incoherent drunken 3] » NotwithstandinWthe efforts of For- ney and others to’ sto) # Pot Whe! Mai, > “Do you think, Mr. AlcCOMsgha the€ An- drew Johyienn itias, ha Sreat man?” I asked. Yes," was the reply, “1 would say that he was gteat if y@u,take him as a poll- tician. He wads an ureducated man and in some respects-a weak one. Still, with it all, he had much rugged strength, and he was a greater statesman than he has re- ceived tae credit of being.” ‘What were some of his: great weak- Sa me “was Ks limited vision. He was, you know, from Tennessee, and he never seemed to appreciate the fact that Ten- nessee was only a very small part of this great naticn. His early struggles were af- ter a reputation and pcwer in. his own state. He had to fight:herd to be elected to the legislature, to governor and the Senate, and to bim Terressee was every- thing. Even after he tecame President he looked upcn kimself as the president of about twenty Ternessees, and he cared more for the opinion of the richer and bet- ter-Lred pecple of Tcnnezsee than he did fer that of the rest of the Union. In seek- ing to appear well in the eyes of such peo- ple he allowed them to vse him, not realiz- ing that they despised him for doing so.” The Adventures of a War Corre- spondent. “You were a correspondent with Grant in the early part of the war, were you not?” “Yes,” replied Mr. McCullagh, “I was with him at Fort Donelson and about Vicksburg. I saw a great deal of him un- til he was called ezst.” “How did he impress you? Did you real- ize that he was a great general?” “No; I did not. Grant was an exceeding- ly modest man, and the Grant of the close of the war was a very different man than the Grent of the beginning. He grew very rapidly. He developed through experience, and he sccn came to look at war through other than his West Point spectacles. He saw that each battle had its own rules of action, and he laid out ‘his plans Irrespec- tive of those fixed in the military books. Gen. Sherman, on the other hand, was loaded dcwn with his West Point educa- tion. He acted as though he was always marching with a brass band behind him, and he usvally wanted to stop and lay out a diagram upcn the lines of which to move before he started.” Running the Batteries of Vicksburg. “You were on the steamer Queen of the West when she went past the Vicksburg hattertes. have been an oxciting experience, ; “Yes, it was,” replied Mr. McCullagh. “We wanted to get below Vicksburg to cut off the supplies from coming up the river. We had expected to start in the early morn- ing. but there was someidelay, and it was nearly noon before we got off. There were seven miles of those katteries, and as we went down the river im#sont of them they all opened fire upon usg (annon halls and shells whizzed about ow boat. We put on all the steam we could, but It took us about an hour before we got through the rain of balls and shells.” “Were any of you hurt? “No, that is the strange thing about it. One ball, I remember, ;ggruck a brass can- non on our deck. It madg:a dent in the gun as though the brass wag putty, but the most of the missiles flew widaj;of the mark. As we moved down the river we came to a gun- boat, which was lying near the shore. We theught the confeder: intended to use this to take’our boat, without regard- ing the current, which. jn the Mississippi is very treacherous, Cqmmander Ellet di- rected the pilot to turn ram the boat. ‘The pilot did as he was directed. He turned the Queen of the Wegt, and as we came near the gunboat he dryve our ram Into it. The shock was such that we simast ran aground, and it looked for a time as though we would have to He there under the guns of the rebels and be taken. It was a serlous situation, both from the balls from the can- non on shore and from'the decision of our commander on the boat, Commander Ellet had sworn that the’rebeis showid never take the ship, and when he thought all was lost he took a torch and ran across our vessel to the powder magazine, intending to fire it, and blow himself and us and the boat in- to pleces. Just at this moment, however, we swung out into the current and floated down the river. The Bravest Woman of the War. “TI have often said,” continued Mr. Mc- Cullagh, “that I saw two of the bravest deeds of the war, one committed by a man and the other by a woman. The first I have Just described. The action of that pilot in ramming the gunboat under the fire of the rebel batteries was the work of a hero. It seemed at the time to be almost sure death, but he did it. The brave woman to whom I refer was a rebel, and the incident of her bravery occurred a little after this on a branch of the Mississippi further down the river. This branch was not very wide, and we were fired on every now and then by the confederates from the levees as we went up it in order to prevent supplies be- ing brought into the Mississippi. At last Commander Ellet grew very angry at the continuous firing. He sald that if the rebel shots killed or wounded any of his men he would burn every house within five miles of the place of shooting. I told him that I would be better satisfled with his order if We could notify the people of their danger. He sald nothing in reply, and the order was in force. When we dropped anchor one of the men was shot at from the levee and killed. “Ellet at once ordered several companies to leave the boat in different directions and to burn every house within a distance of five miles. He ordered me to take one of the compantes and to burn a fine house lying within a stone’s throw of the river. I did not like the job, but as I was an en- Usted man I had to obey. We left the boat and started for the house, As we approach- ed we saw a fine-looking old !ady on the front step. She asked us what we wanted, and I gave the orders of my commander. She at once became very indignant, but said that it was likely that one of her sons had shot the Yankee, and that if so, she was very glad of it. She scolded me for belng in the Union service, and told me that T ought to be ashamed to serve with the Yankees. With all ner scolding, however, she was a lady, as you could easily see from her language. I told her I was sorry, but that my orders were im- perative, and I would have to burn her house. Still, said I, I think my orders might be construed as Portia did the bond of Shylock in the Merchant of Venice, when she told him he might have his pound of Antonio's flesh, but with it he must take no jot of blood. It seems to me, said I, that while our orders require us to burn the house, they do not state that we must burn all within the house. Now, I have no doubt that you have some family pictures, furniture, dresses and other things of value which might be saved. These you cannot move out yourself, but there are eightee! of my men here, and we will, if you say, bring out all your furniture and put it on the lawn before we set fire to the house. The old lady tossed her head and replied that she did not care what we did, and that if we burned the house we might as well burn the furniture, too. She said, however, that she had a favorite rocking chair, and that she would feel obliged to us if we would take it out and set it on the bank of the river before we started the fire. We did as she direc She then seated herself in the chair, and as the match Was applied to her house she began to sing. She had a gocd voice, and her words rang out acrcss the water, reaching our steamei Her song was ‘The Bonny #lue Fi until the hes. She She continued singing that song house almost: reduced to z voncluded | Mr. MeCullagh, “the bravest woman I have ever known. FRANK G. CARPED The Propulsion of Balloons. From the Gentleman's Magazine, In attempting to propel a balloon of the usual shape, the great difilculty met with ig that immediately it begins to move against the wind the big bag of gas 13 forced out of shape, and in proportion to the propelling power applied threatens to ergulf the car and its tenants in its folds or to suffocate them with the gas, which is caused to pe by the alteration of its capacity with change of shape. The other difficulty is the construction of a powerful enough, and yet light, motor, which does not require fire to work it. Though many attempts have been made.advance has been very slow. The French, who have persist- ently stuck to the balloon from a national pride in its invention, and who have done most for its improvement, have made som notable steps in the matter of balloon pro pul: us, toward the ¢ of the Franco-German war, M. Dupuy de Lome, a naval builder, constructed a balloon with a rudder and a screw driven by the pas- sengers. It was found that a velocity, apart from that of the air current, of about six miles an hour, could be obtained Considerably better results have been ob- tained by M rs. Krebs and Renard with cigar-shaped balloon, inflated with hydrogen and propelled by an electromotor driven by storage. batteries. They have succeeded in traveling a little more than twelve miles an hour in fair weather, and in steering in any direction, even returning exactly to their starting’ point; but in windy weather the apparatus has not been tried. To brave any moderately strong wind, the machine would require to travel something like fifty miles an hour, but these French officers do not expect to attain a speed of more than twenty-five miles an hour in the most favorable circumstances. {n the opinion of Maxim, this dirigible bal: loon is as near perfection as is ever likely to be attained by a machine depending on aerial flotation. The empire of the air is not to be won by balloons. They have too many imperfec- tions and limitations, and, accordingly, this at first sight hopeful path must be aban- doned for the more difficult one of mechan- {eal flying. The bird must be imitated as far as human powers, aided by suitable mechanical devices to make up for the nat- ural deficiencies of man, can go. The ef- forts of those interested in the matter have been of late mainly directed to flying ma- chines, which, though they must neces- sarily be heavier than the air, yet may find in their very weight and inertia means for battling successfully with the variable air currents. The subject has been ap- proached in many directions, and much en- couragement has been gained as the diffi- culties have been more thoroughly under- stood. ee ‘The Humorous Aspect of Children. From the National Review. A boy of seven once said to his mother: “I don't see why husbands and wives must be so fond of each other. They are no re- lations at all. A husband fs just a man you pick up anywhere.” This boy, a smart one, as his language suggests, probably ex- pressed a widespread childish perplexity. The thought is amusing because of its ig- norance of the meaning of marriage, but even as we smile do we not half feel that the child’s way of looking at human rela- tionship is in a sense the right one, and that marrriage, however necessary, is in a manner eminently unnatural? A child carries his delightful love of sim- plification into the domain of rules of con- duct. He accepts them with a terrible lit- eralness, ref-ses to recognize an exception, and is the born foe of the sophistries of the casuist. Girls, who are apt to take rules of behavior more seriously than boys, furnish choice examples of this exacting literalness. It was a girl who, seeing her elder sister point at a chestnut tree decked with its new bloom, reminded her in a shocked tone that it is rude to point. No Trouble to Expla‘ From the Chicago Tribune. “Little boy,” said the meditative old gentleman who had just bought a paper, “why is it you always say, ‘Horrible mur- der on the north side,” or on the south side,” or ‘on the west side,” but when somebody kills himself you never say what ‘side’ it happened on?” “'Cause everybody knows it's suicide,” answered the dirty-faced newsboy. “Morn- in’ paper! All ‘bout the hor’ble murder on the north side!” Golf Notes. From Punch, Old Hand—“Ah, I heard you'd joined. Been round the links yet?” New Hand—“Oh, yes. Went yesterday.” Old Hand—‘“What did you go round int” New Hand—“Oh, my ordinary clothes!” THINKS THE MOON IS SAFE. Its Secrets Will Not Be Revealed by the Big Paris Telescope. George Manville Fenn, in a letter to the London News, has this to say about the great Paris telescope now making at Paris, and which, according to recent stories, is to show “the moon one yard off”: “I have read with much interest the ar- ticle of your Paris correspondent bearing the above heading, from the fact that for the past two years I have been experiment- ing upon the possibility of producing a telescope or optic glass of far greater Power than anything we have at present on the way. “Now, M. Deloncle’s venture for the Paris exhibition certamly sounds big, but upon carefully going over your correspondent’s report, it seems to me—perhaps wrongly— that the learned Frenchman is not about to eclipse the Mount Hamilton glass, nei- ther will he equal the larger instrument being set up at Chicago. There are re- fractors pure and simple, but with all the resources of the glassmaker brought to bear in producing the most perfect lenses. ‘We read nothing of the kind with re- gard to M. Deloncle’s instrument. We are told of a huge disk of glass nearly seven feet in diameter, but upon your corres- Pondent’s showing, this is not to form either the objective for a refracting tele- scope nor a mirror for a reflecting tele- Scope, but a plane mirror to use on the principle of a siderostat, while the lenses of flint and crown glass, which form the true telescope, are 1 meter 25 centimeters in diameter; that 1g, about that of the Chi- cago glass, whose power it cannot possibly from the loss of light caused by the moon's rays being reflected from his plane mirror through his huge tube—that ts to say, the rays are received second hand— from the reflector, instead of primarily from the planet, as in the case of all great refracting telescopes. rom the above circumstances, the image to be produced must be fainter upon M. Deloncle’s principle, and he proposes to weaken it still more by casting the image upon a screen instead of directly upon the retina of the observer's eye. For popular visual purposes M. Deloncle’s instrument will doubtless be a success; but it will only prove so from the spectacular point of view —to amuse an audience. Its scientific value will Le nil, while its cost seems to me ab- surd. I venture to think that upon my own principle I could produce ten times the et- fect at a tthe of the amount. If I am wrong, a couple of years’ thoughtful ex- perimenting have been in vain.” ss = A MINUTE REPUBLI Moresnet in'a Free From the London Standard. The smallest independent state in Europe is neither the principality of Monaco, with its population of mm”) souls, nor the re- public of St. Martin, with its 8,000 inhabi- tants, nor that of Andorra, containing only 6,000 citizer but Moresnet, with a popula- tion of scarcely 1,200, Moresnet, which is thoroughly autonom- cus, is situated on the Germano-iselgian frentier, about half way between Verviers and Aix-la-Chapelle. It lies in a picturesque valley, watered by the litue river Gueule. How Moresnet has maintained its inde- pendence has just been explained to a French journalist by the Belgian minister in Paris. The Commune of Moresnet, as it existed under the empire, was, after the re- treat of the French in the early years of the century, administered exclusively by the Prussian authorities til 1817. At tha? time it was divided into three ts, in Virtue of the treaty of June 26, 181 ¢ principal portion was annex another portion was w the third portion, situated between other two, formed the neutral teritory. the It contains the calamine establishment of the Vieille Montagne, and the importanc of that “stablishment, which now pi yearly some (x) kilograms of or furnishes Europe with about 5 per cent of the zinc it employs, rendered it impos- stb for the negotiators to come to an un- derstanding concerning that fraction of the frontier. It, indeed, seems unlikely that a decision concerning it will be taken for a long time, as the governments of both Ger- many and Belgium claim possession of the mines of the “Old Mountain.” That is why that piece of contested territory has, for the last cighty years, preserved its neutral character and its political independence. Prussia and Belgivm have each a com- missary, whose duty it is to intervene in case of difficulties arising; but that is a purely formal suzerainty. The Belgian rep- resentative is at the present moment M. Bleytnesy, subprefect of Verviers, and that of Prussia, Counselor Gulcher. | The su- preme chief of this minute republic is M. Schmetz, who contents himself with the title of burgomaster, and has occupied that post since 1884. The ideal taxation of about ot. per head, nevertheless, suffices to pro- vide a subvention for the school, and for the repeairing of the roads. Moresnet has one soldier, who wears a splendid uniform, to preserv order. As there are no tribu- nals in the territory, law cases have to be tried alternately at Verviers and Atx- Chapelle. aes One Person to Buy. Juliet Corson in New York Times. A's the hot summer days advance we will do well to return to the tdea which I have long advocated of one person buying for several neighboring families. If every housekeeper would Inform herself tcward night as to the quantities of sup- plies on hand, the requirements of the fam- ily in quantity of dry groceries, and the temporary supply of such perishable foods as milk, cream, butter, fresh meat, poultry, fish, vegetables and fruit, the buyer could make the round of her customers during the evening, make up her market list, and retire before 11 o'clock, so as to rise and be at the market before 6 a.m. At any hour ‘between 4 and 6 a.m. the vegetables and fruit are plentiful; the meats, poultry and fish can be bought later, and the dry gro- cerles, such as sugar, tea and coffee, at any convenient hour. The goods should be de- livered in bulk at the buyer's house and distributed «from that point, according to her orders. Just such purchases are being made in several places as the result of the first inception of the work some three or four years ago. Success depends upon the way the thing is undertaken. A happy man is a healthy mai iG a healthy man is generally happy. zon never saw a ‘ppy man in your life who had inai- gestion. If a man gets up in the morning with a foul taste and fouler breath; if he feels listless and sluggish ; i . dizzy and blind the minute he steps cut of bed; if his breakfast doesn’t taste freed if he feels utterly incapable of work, it is a pretty sure sign that his digestion is out of order—that his principal trouble is constipation. If he lets this condition run on, there is no telling where it will stop. Nine -tenths of all human sickness comes from constipation. The first thing that every doctor asks when he is called to see a patient is whether the bowels are in good order. It is nonsense to call a doctor for such asimple thing. It is nonsense to let such asimple thing ow into such a serious thing, as it always if neglected. Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pellets cure constipation. ‘They not only afford immediate and pleas. ant relief from all the distressing symp- toms, but they cure permanently and posi- tively. There are 10,000 medicines that can be taken, to give temporary relief. The “Pleasant Pellets” are the only things that teally cure. There are plenty of druggists who will try to sell you something else. You know just as well as we do that an honest druggist wouldn’t do such a thing— that an honest druggist would give you what you ask for. You know that when ist insists on giving you something. else, there must be a reason for it. We know what that reason is—he makes a big- ger profit on the other thing. Any drug- et in America will supply the “ Pellets you insist on it. The ‘6 Common Sense My Medical Adviser, in plain En- lish, or Medicine Simplified by pang?) Av. Pleree, M. D..Chic Consult- gi] ing Physiclan tothe Tnvalids’ Ho- | tel and Surgical Institute, Buffalo, N. ¥., K illustrated: 80,000 copies sold at $1.50. Now sent, paper-bound, ABSOLUTELY FREE on ee: oc Haste ng stamps to pay for mailing ondy, ‘Address the Author, a8 above- A MODERN MARVEL A Physician’s Experience. sgt oig og yee ctitioners Had Given Him Up. Strange From the Journal, Wedena, Minn, Learning that Dr. 11. Thomas of Menahga, Minn. had, after a loag and painful illness, been restored to health unéer anusual circumstances, a Journal reporter sought the doctor with a view of getting # true account of what seemed a very remarkable case. ‘The representative of the Juornal was court eously recelved by Dr. ‘Thonims, who talked unreservedly ond enthusiastically concerning the cure tat hed been so strangely wrought upon bim. The doctor's Statement follows: ary, 180%, with tism, ‘complicated with @ very severe Mver complaint. i was iaid up hourly five mouths, wholly unable to attend to my professional duties. I was troubled also with « hal cough. I had tite, and my welght fell from 125 to 90 pounds. “For two years, in ta: sequence of the rheumatisin, I could not get in o out of a buggy without help, Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills for Pale People, and when T bad takem eight of the pilla could walk two Mocks. When I had taken six boxes of the Pink Pills, 1 could climb up ina band wagon and play the B flat bass horn with the boys, do my own chores, hoe in the garden, and am now better Aitted to attend to the duties of practitioner than at any time in the past twenty-tive years. In the past yeur have not known what an ache or a pain ts ia as Riven up ty five physicians, who suid T could not “Physician heal thyself was said ffled in my by frie on the of July, 1 Dr. Williams” ls ‘contain, form, all the Lia necessary t and ‘richness the blood and rs nerves, “They are an unfafling spec erses as locomotor ataxia, partial paralysis, Vitus’ dance, sciatica, neuralgia, — rheumatisi vous headache, the after of ln gi salpitation of the heart, jule and sallow plextons, all forms of weaktess either fa ma Pink Pills are sold all dealers, Will be went post paid on, re a box, or six boxes for 8: im bulk or by the 100), by addr JAMS’ MEDICINE COMPANY, femal or N.Y DR.CHASES Blood-Nerve Food OURSELF ft. Weick For Weak and Run-Down People from Childhood to Old Age. WHAT IT IS! ‘The richest of all restorative Foods, because It replaces the same substances to the blood and nerves that ure exhausted in these two litegiving fluids by disease, indigestion, big livin WH and . ONETWOFK, WOITY, excesses, abuse ‘T JT DOES! “Ry making th aud the di , the brain becomes activ ing lost vitality and stopping all drains and weakness in either sea it has s a female regulator it ts box lasts a week. P Drugyists or by mail, THE DR. CHASE ©¢ nol2-tu&sat6St 1512 Chestnut st. For Grateful —Comforting. Epps’s Cocoa. BREAKFAST-SUPPER. & thoroogh knowledge of the natural laws which govern the operations of digestion and nutri- tion, and by a careful application of the fine prop- erties of well-selected Coven, Mr. Epps bas provided for our breakfast and supper a delicately flavored ber which may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. it ds by. the Judiclous use of such articles of diet that a constitution may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist every tendency of dis- ease. Hundreds of subtle maladies are floating sround us ready to attack wherever there is @ weak int. We may excype many a fatal shaft by Reeping ourselves fortified with pure blood and @ properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service Ga- gette. Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold ‘only in balf-pound tins, by grocers, labeled thus: JAMES EPPS & CO., [t4., Homoeopathic Chemists, ‘ocS-2,m,tu,9m | ela RAMBLER $100—BICYCLES—$100 | Y & JkiTERY MFO, 00., 2225 ath N.W. _aTrIs cot Wilson's Retiring § Still Greater Shoe Reductions. eve done lately e different lots of remaining sizes, however, and marked still smaller on them, good shoe bargain. sure losers with prices like the tempt buyers. . Ladies’ $2.00 Oxfords, $1.23. Black and Russet Oxfords, $1.23 Stylish shapes. Reduced from $1.68. Oxfords. oa Sie ig $1.68 Ladies’ Patent ‘Leather Oxfords, $1.95 Ladies’ All-patent Leather Oxfords, ¢ om mo n-sense— “comfortable toes (not razor to»). $5. Now. Ladies’ Russet Button Shoes, $1.95. lange bttooe at too, SLOS Men's $3.50 and $4 Shoes, $1.95. Rasset and Black Lace Shoes, different styles of toe. Noth #5) aol ti, Now, DLOS 3 Misses’ and Children’s Shoes 4 at 33 per cent off. WILSON, High-grade Shoes, 929 F St. aplt-3m-8) ; Sete Ingrowing Nails ‘Cured scientifically In a few days. No blood drawn; ‘bo nails pulled, no soreness. A cure guarantee] in every case. Hours, 8 to 5:30 p.m. Sundays, 9 to 1, PROF. J. J. GBORGES & SONS—1115 PA. AVE., Jel-104 Chiropodists