Evening Star Newspaper, November 9, 1895, Page 20

20 ' THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1895—TWENTY-FOUR PAGES: GAMES OF COREA Quaint Sports of a Country Now the Shattlecock of Nation KITE = FLYING «=6AS) «AN ART Toys That Are the Survivals of Ancient Ceremonial Appliances. ORIENTAL CHILDREN AT PLAY a Written for The Evening Star. ORES IS THE LAND of kites. The busi- mess of flying paper birds is understood there as it is no- where else in the world. The toys of he country in gen- al, as well as the _ames of the people, are remarkable. Mr. Stewart Culin of the University of Penn- s-Ivania, who is the greatest living au- thority on such matters, says that many of the toys of today in all countries are survivals from a remote antiquity. Some of them are actually ceremonial appliances of discarded religions. The kite is only one of numerous examples that might be men- tioned. With us it is a mere plaything, but in Asia it retains suggestions of its original significance as a symbol of the soul. As for gamés, most of them were not invented at all in the ordinary sense Corean Kite, ot the term, but are survivals from primi- tive times, in some cases originating in magic rites The kites of Corea nowadays are made by men specially trained to the craft. A first-rate cne costs the equivalent of ten cents in our money. The strings are pure sik and of various colors, those used at the royal palace being always sky-blue. The strings are costly, and poor people save money during the year to spend cn Kites and the necessary equipments at the kite-fAlying season. All classes fiy kites, from the king down. Women sometimes iy them from the yards of houses, and it is said that one can tell a woman's kite ty the way it is managed. Coreans say that the Chinese do not know how to fly kites. The time for kite flying in the preper season is the first half of the monjh; if any one should fly a kite at any other time, he would be laughed at. On the fourteenth day of the first month ct the year it is customary to write on a ite Battledore in Japan, fay be carried away by it. The mother does this for her child, giving the name and date of birth. A favorite emblem on kites is a picture of Shoki, the demon queller. Kite Flying in Japan aud Corea. Japanese boys attach a “hummer” to kites of large size. It is a bow of bamboo with a string of rawhide, fastened Lo the top of the kite. The boys are very proud of the noise made by their kites. It Is con- sidered very unlucky for a boy to lose his kite. Search parties will sometimes follow a lost kite for many leagues. The kite seems to be regarded as an emblem of the personal- ity of the boy. Girls never have kites. mple kite-fly fy Corea is secondary to the sport of ki siting. In fact, kites are flown usually for Sehting purposes. The silk strings red through their en- Ss Japaucse Unttledore. them into a mixture powered glass. A string ill readily cut another str ssed by it. In the sport of k be cut down by an- ngs are crossed the players must let out their lines, as, if taut, it 1s cut immediatel tire length by of fish glue a or five strings are crossed, ay lasts all The moment a kite is cut down it ls seized by small boys, who are on the watch for such catastrophies. Top Spinning. One of the pastimes in which the children are engaged is top spinning. The tops are made from the hard wood of a tree, under which, it is said, the first king of Corea sat when he came from heaven. Experts can spin tops on a wire. Country people use conch shells for tops, grinding them to a suitable shape. One must go to Japan, however, to find tops in their highest de- Hand Top. velopment. The varietyeof tops in that country is astonishing. In Corea boys and girls are not allowed to Play together after they are seven years old. The most popular toy in Corea is call- ed ‘‘the erect-standing one.”’ It is an image of paper, rounded at the bottom and filled ith clay, so that it always stands erect. ht represents a woman, sometimes riding a tiger. ® Shuttlecock. A favorite game in Corea is shuttlecock kicking. The shuttlecock is a flat ball of cotton cloth filled with clay or ashes, hav- ing a feather from a pheasant’s tail stuck in the top. Shopkeepers play the game in the streets to keep their feet warm. The ball is kicked from one person to another. In Japan a battledore is used, the shuttle- cock being a seed of the soap berry tree, in which several small feathers are fas- tened. The Japanese foot ball is a bag of leather filled with hair. A Finger Game. A popular game in Japan, known in va- rious modificatiens in Corea, is called “ken.” The players extend the fingers of their hands ‘simultaneously. One or the other is beaten if he holds out a finger of less power than the cne extended by the opponent. The thumb is counted as the local idol, the foretinger as a fowl, the middle finger as a gun, the ring finger as a fox, and the little finger as a white ant. If the thumb be opposed to a forefinger, the former wins, because fowls are slain as offerings to idols. If a thuinb be oppsed to a ring finger, there is neither victory nor defeat, because gods and foxes ure sup- posed to be on friendly terms. If a thumb be opposed to a little finger, the former is vanquished, because white ants often de- vour idols. If a forefinger be oppoged to a middle finger, the latter is victor, because guns destroy fowls. If a forefinger be op- posed to a ring finger, the former is con- 4quered, because foxes eat fowls. If a fore- finger be opposed to a little finger, the lat- ter is defeated, because fowls eat white ants. If a middle finger be opposed to a Stave Top. Uy 4 f Chinese Playing Cards. little finger, there must be another trial, because guns and white ants have no mu- tual influence. Little Girls in Corea Little girls in Corea play house in much the same mann@ras children do in Europe or America. They have no specially made toys for the purpose, but use clam shells and small cups, in which they pretend to serve food. Boys make various kinds of popguns and squirt guns out of* bamboo. Boys make lanterns out of turnips in the autumn. About the fifteenth day of the first month the tug-of-war is a popular sport. In the country one village will tug against another, the notion being that the village which wihs will have a good har- vest. The rope is of straw, two feet in Tilting Toy. diameter, with its ends divided into branches. One of the most seductive games of Corea, also known in Japan and China, is called “go.” It is played on a board ‘some- what resembling a chess board. Playing Cards. Corea playing cards are long, narrow strips of oiled paper bearing on their faces written characters to indicate their value. There are eight suits of ten cards cach, denominated respectively “man,” “fish, “crow,” “pneas ’ “antelope,” ‘“star,”” “rabbit” and Card games are played by the st classes in Corea, though people of hisher rank use them, to some extent, for gambling. When a free-born Corean boy reaches the age of fifteen, he has a small wooden label cut, which he carries cn his person. ‘This label, o 2 tablet,” is two inches long ss the top is ote! the name ich the bey belong: below, the designatic * meaning that he is not in ame, with the date of his This label must be sealed by an 1 of the treasury, who brands it a hot iron. On passing the military i examinations, a label of horn is , and an ivory label takes the | » of this when the highest grade has reached. Free-born boys jealously rd their right to carry these labels. There is a peculiar custom in Corea, by which men are not allowed to go out at privilege being orded to the women alone. An explanation is found in the fact that, according to primicve be- lief, man belongs to tne masculine princi- or ei ple of the universe, the sun, d, there. fore, to the day, while wom: belongs to the feminine principle, the moon, and, therefore, to the night. Litde girls in Corea make their own dolls. They cut a section of bamboo stem five inches or so in length, and in the top they put long grass, which is fixed like a woman's hair. No face is made. The stick is dressed in clothes like those worn by the Though there is tce and snow in skates unitnown in and sleds are “The Tilting Buddha’—an example of the kind of toy that is rounded at the bottom and so ighted as to stand uprisni al- ways—may be regarded as an instance of a ceremonial appliance of a religious char- | ple acter. Out of ninety-three Corean games, twenty-three are plainly derived from the use of arrows in primitive times for the purpose of divination—that is ‘to say, to foretell future events. The earliest ylay- ing cards were arrows, a bundle of which was shuffled and dealt among players. Cards were first employed for divining. The Corean cards of today bear pictures of the arrows from which the: RENE BACH —.-- VAGARIES OF THE MEMORY. Cases of Mental Lapses Which Are Due to Various Causes. From the St. James Gazette. Men have been known to leave home for a few days, commit some serious crime, and return, quite oblivious of what they had done. Very interesting is the case, so com- mon among soldiers who have fought a bat- tle, and who, when it is over, cannot recall the events for several hours. The same thing happens to those who have escaped from shipwreck and to aeronauts who have Just descended from the clouds. This is the tempctary loss due to strong emotion. Then there are curious examples of temporary loss of memory owing to fatigue. Sir Henry Holland, when down a mine in the Harz mountains and snffer.ng from fa- tigue, completely forgot his German, and could not remember a word of it until he had rest and refreshment after ascending. We all experience this in a less degree. Sometimes it is an injury which causes the blank in the backward gaze. An English professor once received a violent blow on the head, and at once forgot all his Gresk; and a musician lost all memory of music from the same cause. Mr. Whymper, in his book on the Alps, tells how he fell over a frightful precipice, 200 feet high, with the result that his past was, for a time, wholly blotted out of his memory. The most singular cases of memory-loss are in connection with language. It is qu:te common in our hospitals to see a sick German unable to speak a word of the Enz- lish he had thoroughly mastered. A very singular instance of this is reported from New York. Many years ago a Dr. Scandelli d'ed in a hospital in that city. When first admitted he could speak only in Englisi; as the illness progressed he forgot that lan- guage, and could now only converse in French; but on the day of his death anoth- er change occurred, and he could speak nothing but his own language—Italian. Many varieties of this loss of memory of words exist. A clergyman. somé time ago, lost all recollection of words; but he could still re- member the letters of which they were composed, and could express his ideas free- ly by spelling*the words. An officer suf- fered from a slight attack of apoplexy, and, as a result, forgot all but a very few word: When he tried to speak he merely uttered nonsense; but if a book or manuscript were handed to him he read it with perfect pro- priety. One of the most extraordinary of all memory-losses 1s when a person forgets how to write with his right hand, but still has the power to do so with his left hand. In such a case, after he has written with his left hand the desired sentence, he can copy it with his right hand. ~ - When the memory of words is gradually lost, it invariably progresses in one parzicu- lar order. First the proper names go, then the common nouns, then adjectives; and this stage is followed by failure of the power to recollect events. Very many peo- Suffer from the first degree—exces: smokers—for instance, it is sald, sometimes find it difficult to recall proper names. Drunkenness is a well-known cause, and there is the very curious case of a man who | mislaid a package while drunk, forgot where he had put‘ it when sober, and had to get drunk again to find it. = --e+—____—- HEATING THE HOUSE. This is in Fact One of the Unsettled Problems of Civilisation. From the New York Ledger. Heating the house, if one has a furnace, is by many persons considered a very great problem. Just why this is so it Is easy to understand. In the first place, the care of the furnace {is usually left to man or maid. The former locks at it once or twice in the course of the day; the latter hates it, and therefore takes no interest in it. Then the householder complains that the furnace is no good, and forthwith denounces this sys- tem of heating as unreliable and unsatis- factory. In putting in a furnace, the one thing of prime importance {s to-see that it is large enough. A thirty-eight furnace is none too large for a six or eight-room house. If of this size, it is safer, more easily managed, more economical and works far better than a smaller one. Many people think it is a much greater consumer of coal, but this is not true, if the furnace is properly manag- ed. It is out of the question to maintain a good degree of heat in cold weather with- out the use of a fair amount of fuel, and it is much better to burn a furnace with a moderat2 degree of draft and with a good supply of coal rather than have a small firepot that needs constant crowding and refilling and have the rise and fall of temperature incident upon putting on fresh coal when the fire is low and turning on the drafts to heat up again, a process always attended with an extra consumption of fuel. A furnace with a large firepot needs fill- ing but twice in ‘he day, morning and night. The grates should be thoroughly cleared out and the ashes removed. Spe- cial care should be taken that there are no clinkers or slag to fill up the grate bars, and thereby shut off the current of air that is indispensable to the proper burning of coal. The best furnaces have a large pipe draft from below, but a circulatory cur- rent-that, after the gas is well consumed, keeps the fire at a steady pitch for hours. When a furrace fire is built it should be done with an abundance of wood. There is no economy in using a little kindling. The coal falls upon the grate all around, is not consumed, and shuts off the draft as soon as it becomes covered with ashes, which takes but a little while. It is almost impossible to grind this un- used coal up with the ordinary shaker, and there it remains, holding the ashes and clinkers and making a first-class, bright, effective fire out of the question until the whole thing is turned out, and it is often that the coal must be cleaned out by hand. If a sufficient amount of wood Is put in to fill the bottom of the pot, then the coal put on in proper quantities until the fire is well under way, there will scarcely be a scrap of unburned coal left. Additions to the fire should be made one or two shovel- fuls at a time until the requisite amount is put in. Once started it will burn for a week or more without any trouble. A great mary householders think it wise and eco- nomical to turn out the fire once in a week or two, clear the grates thoroughly and start in fresh. Furnaces conducted on this system are thought to work more satis- eons and to keep a much more even eat. To heat up a house quickly, especially after the rooms have been cold for some hours, it is necessary to have the doors open, so thai there can be a circulation of air. A current of hot air pouring into a room against a stagnant body of cold air has hard work to warm the atmosphere thoroughly. If all of the doors are opened, and one window on an upper floor is dow at the top for about an inch, a Hvely cur- rent is established, and the house will be warmer, more comfortable and more health- ful than if the doors were kept closed. ee Knowledge Superficial. H. 8. Keller, in Truth. He had superficial knowledge, when he left the stately college, With a load of Greek roots, isms all galore; They availed him, oh! not any, for he hunts the nimble penny While be measures tape and codfish in a rural gracery store. Half a dozen tongues could ta‘k she, and as many more could chalk she, When she left her alma mater with the rest; But, alas! they did not tarry, and at length she had to marry A long-haired chap who punches long-horned cattle in the west. dees oo. one The Comforts of Style. From: Life. “Her tair head was pillowed on her arm.” | m: | tirely of silk, in which case it must be the TO BE A’ CARDINAL It Means, in the Firstlace, an Entire New Wardrobe. PAULINE PRY DESCRIBES THE HAT And Chats About’ Her Visit to the Cardinal's Residence. THE PAPAL DELEGATE Written Exclusively for The Fvening Star. T IS ESTIMATED that there are ten million Catholics - in the United States. So many pairs of eyes, then, from every state and ter- ritory in the Union are glancing toyard Washington at pres- ent, curious concern- ing the new dignity that the pope has promised to confer this month spon his delegate in America. Congratulations un- interruptedly have flowed in upon Monsig- nor Satolli since the announcement of his good fortune was made known. But it has remained for a woman to dis- cern that in this elevation to the cardinal- ate Monsignor Satolli is not without cause for commiseration. There is the bother of new clothes. Verily, clothes do “‘tailorize and demoralize” even the proud and right- eous satisfaction of becoming a cardinai. It is scarcely less of a problem than he- coming a bride, for the red hat is a gift from the pope which costs as much in the change of wardrobe as the gift of a wed- ding ring costs a society woman. rough the kindness of Cardinal Gib- bons and of Dr. Rooker, secretary of the apostolic delegation, I have been initiated in the mysteries of a cardinal’s trousseau. I went to Baltimore for the express pur- pose of seeing just what this much-talked- of red hat is like, and having seen it, I tell you—from the point of view of a woman— it is very little as a piece of millinery. In the mere matter of size it may be truly called great. It outdoes the most marvel- ous thing ever accomplished in the way of a theater hat. The brim measures three feet across. Wider Than the Doorway. When that of Cardinal Gibbons was brought forth to be shown to me, the serv- ant bringing it had to have assistance in getting it through an extra wide door, which was finally done by setting the box containing it up on end and rolling it in. ‘The material of the hat is cardinal beaver. It is round in shape, and in ridiculous con- trast to the immense flat brim is a small conical-shaped crown, ite too small, ap- parently, to fit anybody's head. But that Is another queer feature of the red hat. It is not intended to fit anybody’s head. The sole use tq which it is put other than symbolizing the, distinction of its re- cipient at the time it fs. bestowed, Is to be hurg in the cardinal’s, church after his death. Thus the red hat is about as cheer- ful a possession as a,tombstone, containing a blank for the date of one’s demise. When the hat is hung in the church, there is de- 4 pended from the crown a couple of huge cardinal and gilt tassels, considerably larger than such as are used in draping heavy win- dew curtains, though in other respects re- sembling these. But while this is pre-eminently the hat above all others of & cardinal, a bride is seldom richer in the number and variety that makes a complete oatfit. None of them, however, 1s calcuJated to inspire envy in the breast of a woman mast susceptible to something new In bennets. I saw two that Cardinal Gibbons. wears on state occa- sions, one in black beaver, the other a red beaver, both shaped like what ts technically known among women as a “flat,” and trim- med with a red and gold cord and tassel. Must Go to Rome. These hats moved me to pity. Besides be- ing nothing pretty in themselves, they be- trayed to me that a cardinal does not treat his millinery with the tenderness of a woman for the same thing. There was distinctly masculine contempt for color and frippery in headgear revealed in a positively down- trodden expression I discerned in both these dress hats of Cardinal Gibbons. As doubtless you know, the glory of the cardinalate descends upon a man by two stages, each marked by a particular hat. The tremendous tassel-trimmed creation completes and crowns the honor-bestowed, and to receive this, Mgr. Satolli will have eventually to go to Rome, for this is con- ferred directly by the hands of the pope. The hat—or hats, there are two—which will cecme to the papal delegate in this country some time this month, are a skull cap of cardinal moire, called a zuchette, and a cardinal berretta, which reproduces, with a change of color, the hat commonly worn with a habit by a priest. I was let go upstairs at Cardinal Gibbons’, and not only closely inspected, but also handled one of the robes of state which he had worn at a wedding the night previous, and happened therefpre to be spread out in all its glory, easy of access. This I tell you frankly went straight to my wo- man’s heart. It is similar to the robe Monsignor Satolli will wear on the occasion of his installation as cardinal. The ma- terial is marvelously lustrous, cardinal moire, and it is cut something like the train a woman dons to be introduced at the court of Victoria. It flows from the neck six yards in length, and over it is worn a shoulder cape of ermine. The ef- fect is royal and impossible to be marred by any of the masculine contempt. for finery which spoils the cardinal’s best hats. A Cardinal's Wardrobe. When I went to the residence of the new- ly decreed cardinal and asked his secretary if in anticipation of his coming honor Mon- signor Satolli does not now find himself in the predicament of Flora-McFlimsey, Dr. Rooker, the secretary, answered yes, and confided to me that “It is a great nuisance.” “The detail cf a cardinal’s outfit,” he continued, “is as complex as a woman's dress, and the regulations governing it, as strict as those of an officer's uniform. Then in this country there is the added difficulty of having to get everything abroad. Mon- signor Satolli will order his probably in Rome.” “And of what will his entire new ward- robe consist?” I ask Dr. Rooker groaned, and then good natur- ediy set to work to-satisfy my altogether feminine and frivolous curiosity concern- ing cardinals. “A cardinal wears three colors—cardinal, violet and old rose—-and he must have a com- plete outfit in each of these colors. The house dress, worn on all occasions outside of sacred functions, is @ black cassock, cut like a bishop's, the edges bound with red, h the button holes and the buttons red. With this he wears a xed sash, and at all times he wears the red skull cap cr zuchet- to, and around his neck the pectoral cross Se a bishop. That is a ‘arge cross worn on the breast, suspended ft. 9m/a heavy gold chain. For Various Occasions, “On dress occasions not of a religious char- acter he dons a ferra'olone—a cloak of red silk, which is a full cape that is tled by a ribbon around the neck, and falls away from the shoulders to the heels in the back, from under a yoke-shaped collar. On re- ligious occasions the cardinal must wear a red cassock, en traine, with a red.silk sash, having gold tassels. Over this he wears a rochet—that is, a garment of lace, like a surplice, having tight sleeves, with cuffs lined with red silk. A mozetta, or shoulder cape, of red, red collar and red stockings are required to complete this costume. “In winter the habit is of cloth, with the edges of silk, and the mozetta of cloth lined with silk. In summer a light-weight cloth y be substituted, or it may be made en- kind known as watered silk. When the car- dinal is present and not acting at sacred functions, he wears a silk cloak having a train six yards in length, and a cape that is made of ermine for winter and of silk for summer. The violet and old rose habits are like the red one in form, and the edges and buttons and button holes of these are always cardinal. “The collar and stockings must always ccrrespond with the color of the habit, but the berretta and skull cap are always red. “The different colors are prescribed for different seasons of the ecclesiastical year. The red is worn throughout the year ex- cept during the penitential season of Lent and Advent, when the violet is worn, ex- cept the third Sunday of Advent and the fourth Sunday of Lent, when the old rose is substituted. Reason for the Colors. “Have these colors any mystic significa- tion?” I asked. “The violet is selected because of its as- sociation with mourning, and on the par- ticular Sundays in which the old rose is used an occasion of rejoicing for a day brightens the gloom of the penitential sea- son. The red is chosen as the dist!nguish- ing color of a cardinal because his loy- alty to the faith is assumed to include wiil- ingness to shed his blood for it.” On the day Monsignor Satolli is installed @ cardinal, among the costly gifts he will no doubt receive will be a handsome ring sent to him by the pope and another as valuable sent by the propaganda. He will also be given a church at Rome, every cardinal enjoying such a benefit. “What changes will the elevation in rank | bring upon Monsignor Satolli?” I asked Dr. Rooker. “For one thing, he will cease nominally to be papal delegate. On his accession to the cardinalate he will become pro-dele- gate. That is, he will retire from office, but in abeyance of the appointment of his successor he will continue to discharge the duties of the same. This is because a car- dinal is not eligible to any mission save that of legatus a latere, which is a special and very extraordinary mission, on which ® cardinal in his proper office may be sent abroad. Monsignor Satolli may not be Sp2edily recalled to Rome, but his mission as papal delegate ends necessarily with his advance in rank. His present office, how- ever, will continue indefinitely.” The Pope and Satolli. A cardinal receives his appointment solely on the pleasure of the pope, in recognition of devotion to the faith or of some extra- ordinary ability. The red hat is the greatest gift the pope can bestow, and in the instance of Mcnsignor Satolli it naturally crowns a peculiarly close relationship which has unit- ed the papal delegate with Leo XIII since boyhood, when the former was a seminarian at Perugia and the latter bishop there. Monsignor Satolli will draw no salary with his new dignity. Only those cardinals who reside in Rome and are occupied in the Roman Courier, that is the general govern- ment of the church, are paid for their serv- ices. The college of cardinals of the Catho- lic Church corresponds somewhat with the body of Senators of the United States. As the Senate is divided into committees, as- signed to special work, so the cardinals are organized in separate congregations, in which all the deliberative business of the church is discharged. Unlike the Senate, however, the college of cardinals has no regularly recurring ses- sions as a whole body, for the reason that all authority of the church being vested in the pope, matters decided in committee or congregation have not to be brought to the vote of the assembled cardinals, but are brought to the pope and legislated by his decision. When a consistory fs called, as has been done for the middle of November, it is to execute the will of the pope in some spe- cial matter concerning the entire organiza- tion, as, in the instance of electing Mon- sigror Satolli to their number. In the Line of Succession. On one occasion only does supreme author- ity reside with the cardinals. This is when a pope dies and a conclave assembles to elect his successor. Monsignor Satolli by his advance in rank comes into line of suc- cession to the papacy. Though nominally theghair of St. Peter is not bound to be fill- ed from among the cardinals, precedent aas practically made all other ecclesiastics in- eligible. In marked distinction with the pomp and sumptuous ceremony that attend church digniteries at Rome, strict democratic con- ditions govern the life and surroundings of the American cardinals. As I recently went over the residence of Cardinal Gib- bons in Baltimore, which is barren of everything lik> elegance and woefully lack- ing in that teuch of something by which a woman makes blank walls and stiff chairs consider the infirmities of human nature, do you know, I could not help thinking that it is not good for man—not even a cardinal—to be alone. Mensignor Satolli’s residence is even less imposing and inviting to the world than Cardinal Gibbons’, for its very new fur- nishings rob it of a certain charm the lat- ter possesses by reason of the venerable air the whole interior wears. The papal delegate is allowed but $6,000 a year to cover his salary and those of his two as- sistants and to maintain his establishment, whick is, perforce, extremely modest in all its appointments. A Florentine cook—Monsignor Satolli has not Americanized his palate—and a house- maid constitute his retinve of servants, thus providing a menage which makes lav- ish entertaining out of the question. But the newly decreed cardinal has no liking for social functions, and the routine of his life is adjusted to perfect simplicity of nature. One of Satolli’s Days. He rises at 5:30 o'clock in the morning, says mass at 7 o'clock, and breakfasts an hour later. During the morning he ts oc- cupied with the affairs of his office, and dines at 12:30. After dinner—the variety of his life usually includes nothing more than an occasional call, or an occasional caller— a short walk, the rest of his time being spent in study. Theology is his all-absorb- ing interest. He has sufficiently mastered English dur- ing his stay in America to read and under- stand it perfectly, though he still speaks it with some difficulty. American politics engage his curiosity, and he followed the details of the last election with a full knowledge of the significance of it all. There is not an American institution that has not commanded his attention, except the new woman. I failed to excite in the coming cardinal so much as a belief in the existence of this rare product of our Ameri- can liberties, which betrays singular ob- tuseness on the part of a great man from the point of view of | PAULINE PRY. pale Se KINGBIRD AND SPARROWS. The Little Birds Objected to the Pres- ence of the Big and Stately Visitor. From the Boston Transcript. : Probably more than a thousand people stopped by the frog pond on Boston Com- mon between 5 and 6 o'clock in the evening and looked up into the trees. It was ap- parent that something unusual was going on. The air was filled with birds uttering sharp cries, and the din was kept up for over half an hour. A kingbird started all the trouble. Where he came from nobody knew, for kingbirds re not common birds; that is, not birds common in the Common. One of the spar- row sentinels, which had had little to do this summer except to note the inroads of the tussock moth, awoke from a doze in the branches of a tall tree on the north side of the pond and spied the intruder. His sharp cries for help brought a number of other sentinels from trees in the vicinity. and they gathered around the kingbird at safe distances and chattered. The kingbird sat still. Then the sparrows decided to summon a “posse.” It did not take long, for sparrows of all ages and all sizes had begun to crowd around to see what was the trouble. Within two minutes after the first alarm the air in the vicinity was black with sparrows. They rushed in from the trees along the Park street wall, they flew up from the subway sand heaps, and even the aristocratic Beacon street sparrows came down to die for their coun- try, if nece@sary. Then began a vigorous and concerted attack on the kingbird, which sat like a stoic, unconscious of the fact that he had no more right on the Com- mon than has an anarchist orator. ! The sparrows began by swooping down on the intruder as though they wanted king- bird feathers to trim their hats, but they wisely kept out of the reach of the big fe low’s beak. They darted at him from in front and behind, from all sides and from above, all the time keeping up a screaming that caused the people on the walks to stop j and see the fun. Now, anybody who has ever seen a kingbird harry a big hen hawk knows that a kingbird is game, but the j thousands or more sparrows in the air be- gan to make it uncomfortable for the in- truder. Finally, when the kingbird sa the people gathering on the waiks he b gan to fear an attack from below, and, | with what, in bird language, probably | WASHINGTON IN WAR TIMES. Appearance of the City and Its Sub- urbs in That Eventful Period. From John Sherman's Recollections. It was my habit while Congress was in session during the war to ride on horse- back over the region within ten miles of Washington, generally accompanied by some army officer. I became familiar with every lane and road, and especially with camps and hospitals. At that time it could be truly said that Washington and its en- virons was a great camp and hospital. The roads were generally very muddy or ex- ceedingly dusty. The great army teams cut up and blocked the roads, which were of either clay or sand, but the air was gen- erally refreshing and the scenery charming. I do not know of any city that has more beautiful environs, with the broad Potomac at the head of tide water, the picturesque hills and valieys, the woodland interspersed with deciduous and evergreen trees, the wide landscape, extending to the Blue Ridge on the west, the low lands and ridges of Maryland and the hilis about Mt. Ver- non. The city of Washington, however, was then far from attractive. It was an overgrown village, with wide unpaved ave- nues and streets. with 61,000 inhabitants badly housed, hotels and boarding houses badly kept, and all depending more or less upon low salaries and employment by the government. All this has been changed. The streets and avenues have been paved and extended. The old site is now wel! filled with cem- fortable mansions and business blocks, and a large portion of the District outside of the city is being occupied with villas and market gardens. The mode of living has greatly changed. Before and during the war, Senators and Members lived in board- ing houses in messes, formed of families of similar tastes and opinions. Society, if it may be so called, was chiefly official, of which justices of the Supreme Court and cabinet officers were the head, and Senators and Members of Congress were the most Numerous guests. ——__ + e+ + _ SUNDAY WITH SULLIVAN. Two Comedianw’ Day of Rest With Boston’s Foremost Tragedian. From the Chicago Record. “I don’t believe I should care to have John L. Sullivan for referee,” says William H. Crane. “Sullivan doesn’t like to stand by ard see any man whipped; his sympathies are always with the under dog. “Some years ago Nat Goodwin and I had an experience with Sullivan; it was in what I call my halcyon days. Nat and I had been celebrating the close of the season, and we came ashore one Sunday morning from my yacht, determined to be very circumspect ail the rest of our lives. We went to a seaside hotel for the purpose of getting breakf-st, when whom should we fall in with but John L. Sullivan and one of his boon compaaioas, a Boston alderman. Both John and his friend were pretty well corked up, and they insisted that we should go w:th them ‘o ail upon another friend, a Patsy Somebody, who was training for a fight with Mike Some- bodyelse, at a small country roadhouse about four miles away. “Goodw'n and I did our best to shake the two, for we feared that, full of liquor as ‘hey were, Sull:van and his satellite would get us into trouble. But Sullivan wouldn’t take no for an answer, and finally, just to keep the peace, we went along in their wagon to visit the training grounds. Well, when we got there, Patsy and his trainer were having their usual morning bout. The trainer was a big, broad-shouldered, good-natured fel- low, genial and smiling of face as a well-fed child. He was a little too much for Patsy, and was giving him some pretty hard exer- cise. I suppose Sullivan fancied that the trainer was unnecessarily severe; at any rate, I saw Sullivan's face grow darker, and I knew that trouble was brewing. Finally Sullivan slipped off h's coat and threw it over the back of a chair; then, waiting until he saw the trainer advancing to attack Pat- sy with redoubled energy, Sullivan reached out that right arm of his, and his b'g fist caught the good-natured Irishman full in the mouth. “It didn’t look as though Sullivan put any force at all into the blow; it seemed to us as if he merely put out his fist—so—and let ibe other fellow run against it. But, gracious! you should have seen that Irishman keel over. I'll bet he went back twenty feet be- fore he stopped. Then he turned a bac somersault over the hind wheel of our was- on and fell to the ground, apparently dead. He didn’t regain consciousness for two hours, and you can Imagine that those two hours were the most miserable Goodwin and Iever spent We fancied ourselves forever disgraced by being pulled into court as wit- nesses, perhaps as accessories, to the killing of this innocent man. Our suspense was simply dreadful. Finally, however, after hunting up a doctor, and werking over the fellow for two hours, the victim came to. The first thing he did was to put one hand feebly to his mouth, as if to learn what damage that swollen orifice had sustained. And then, smiling amidbly, he said: ‘Be jabers, that. was a wicked thrusht! You see, he never lost his temper at all; as I have told you, he was the best-ratured fel- low I ever saw.” —se0-—-— The Murmaring Sea. From Pearson's Weekly “They used to tell me when I was a boy,” said a middle-aged man, “that if I would hold up to my ear a seashell of a certain kind I should hear in it the murmuring cf the sea. I have tried it many times, and it never failed. “Now comes my son, a boy of twelve. who holds up a tumbler at the dinner table and says: “Dad, do you want to hear the sea mur- muring? “And I say yes, and then he holds the mouth of the tumbler to his ear, and I dc like there's the murmur, sure enough. “And then the boy goes on to talk abou: sound waves, and to tell me just wha! thst sort of thing. And y to myself. it’s a fine thing, no doubt, the advanced education that bors of the present genera- tion are getting; and yet [ am not alto- gether pleased to have one of the pleasures of old fancies disposed of so summarily. [ like tumblers well enough to drink out of, but I think I'd rather have my sea mur. murings Cut of a seashell.” vise with, mine, and, bless my heari! makes the sound in the pmuler and ail; ALIVE AND WELL After a Dangerous Experience, One of the Multitude of People Who Have Been Speedily“and Permanent- ly Cured by Munyon’ Tells His Story. Remedies Mr. Charles W. Godfrey of Merchantville, N. J., says: “I was unable to work for even halt a day for a log time because of kidney trouble. What I have suffered during that time no one, but my- eelf know Living was a prolonged torment, snd became more unendurtble every day. I tried every remedy that was suggested, and [ sought the best medical advice, but conld ‘not obtain any benefit, The physicians said I had Bri my case was pronounced helpless. spuir, I went ‘to Professor \ and began treatment undet there. “After taking MUNY short time I nm to improve, and am oughly cured of my trou work properly without fatign member Munyon with cratitud Munyon's Homozopathic Home Remedy Company ladelphin pats up specities for almost every s and iclent are their curative properties vy person may be cured without the expense of a doctor bill. ‘The remedies are mostly 25 cents a bottle, al may be had from any druggist. If you wish adyice write to Profes- - 1505 Pailadelpnia, and be IT STOPS HASTY MARRIAGES. Influence of Education in the Choice of a Husband. From Vogue. The higher education of women has from the start shown a tendency to disincline those who took the college courses toward early marriages and toward imprudent ones—quite a large percentage of them, moreover, taking up careers and remain- ing single. A recent canvass of college graduates is said to .ave shown that while 90 per cent of non-college women become wives, only 55 per cent of college graduates resign their lives inco the keeping of bus- bands. From other sources it is learncd that those who marry do noi swell the lists of invalid wives: neither do 50 per cent of the children born to them figure in mor- tality tables, as is the ghastly fact with the everyday woman's children. College women are not apt to marry a man to save Fim, and thus insure for children morally weak or vicious fat ; neither dees love (2) in a cottage—translated in these days int> a cheap flat in an unwholesome locali- ty—appear to her finer or more winsome than the self-respecting independence of the bread-winning positions that are now within her reach. Years ago some concer- vative men had the perspicccity to realize and the courage to state that fuller life for woman meant the lessening of her interest in marriage (the onty prcfession. our fore- mothers had been permitted to consider), and that she would be harder to please and more deliberate in her choice, That the prophecies have come to pass is matter ‘or congratulation, or for condemnation, ac cording to the observer's point of vie oe TO JAIL IN A BLANKET. a Los Angeles Woman Refused to Dress but Was Arrested Nevertheless, From the San Francisco Chronicle. It is not often that the habitats of the city police station are treated to the sight ef a woman, supposedly in her senses, an- swering to her name in a condition border- ing on nudity,but Mrs. F. Koch prefers that methcd seemingly to being clothed. Mrs. Koch was brought to the police station during the afternoon in her night robe. Some time ago the woman was arrested and fined $30 on conviction of disturbing the peace. Upon three different occasions Judge Owens ordered the police to bring her into court. Yesterday Officer Dyke went to the wo- mai house und found her in bed, she claiming she was a very sick woman. The court was not sati and ordered Officer Dyke to fully investigate the affair, and, if it was found that sie was trifling with the court, to bring her in at all hazards. Dyke in the afternoon took up his watch and was rewarded by seeing Mrs. Koch hang- ing out a good-sized washing in her back yard. He made a break for her, but she man- aged to get inside the house, where she stripped and went to ed. She lock=d the doors, but Officer Dyke had his orders and was soon inside. She fousnt like a tigress and refused to dress, whereupon Dyke and hts assistants wrapped a blenket around her and brought her in. She now occupies one of the women’s cells, but refuses to dress herself fur the court, and Judge Owens is at sea as to what to with her. —_—__+ 2+ ____ A Constable’s Wife's Curiosity. From the New York Commercial Advertiser. Mrs. Hickman, wife of Constable Richard Hickman of Whitestone, L. L, yesterday saw a pair of handcuffs on the bureau, where her husband, who, in his official capacity, has frequent use for such adornments, had left them before going to the city. The constable’s wife saw that they were dif- ferent from any handcuffs which she had ever seen, and promptly put them on to see how they worked. They worked beau- tifully. As an advertising agent for the merit of that peculiar make of bracelets Mrs. Hickman would be a great succes They resisted the efforts of friends and ighbors, sympathizers’ and blacksmith, nd finally, when the constable came home on a jate train he found his wife fast asleep, her hands tightly clasped. He had the key, and after explanations gave her ner freedom. ————-+0e+— Precautious. From Spare Moments. Patient—“I wish to consult to my utter loss of memory. Doctor—"““Aw—yes—why—er—inm this class of cases I always require my fee in ad- vance.” A Pacumatic Costume From Fliegende Blatter. stands for a “hoarse, mocking laugh,” the villain fled over the public garden. A small body of sparrows gave him an escort out of sight, but most of them remained to talk over the affair. for Unskillfal Riders,