Evening Star Newspaper, April 10, 1894, Page 1

———>—>SSS—E—ESE——E— THE EVENING STAR. PUBLISHED DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY. AT THE STAR BUILDINGS. M01 Peansylvania Avenue, Cor. llth Street, by The Evening Star Newspaper Company, 8. H. KAUFFMANN, Prest. Yew York Ofice, 88 Potter Building, The Exening Star ts served to subscribers in the eity by carriers, on their own account. at 10 cents week, or 44e. per month. Copies at the counter cents each. By mail—anywh y ites or Canads. pin Bs —- postage prepaid—30 vents par Soturday Quintuple Sheet Star, $1, year; with f added, $200, 8-00 POF Teer: Om: foreign posta (Entered at the Post at Washington, D. C., 85 second-class mail matter.) £7 All mati subscriptions must be paid in advance. i of advertising made known on application. Che Evening Star. | Vor 84. No. 20,855. WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY. 10; 1894—TWELVE PAGES HARD WORDS USED Lawyers Do Not Mince Terms in the Breckinridge Trial. HR. CARLISLES CAUSTIC COMMENTS Miss Pollard’s Reputation Attacked by Mr. Thompson. CONTINUING THE ARGUMENTS Mr. Breckinridge’s lawyers had almost the entire day for the summing up of the testimony that has been given in behalf of the defendant in the famous breach of Promise case. Mr. Carlisle finished up his address to the jury in about an hour this morning. and then without any delay “Col. Fhil Thompson began an earnest and spir- ited harangue to the twelve men upon whom | Fest the final verdict as to the merits of the fase. Miss Pollard was in court early and re- wained throughout Mr. Carlisle’s speech, but when he finished she got up and left the room in company with her faithful friend, Mrs. Ellis. There was not a large audience in the court room today, and when Mr. Carlisle bezan his address at the point where it was {aterrupted by the adjournment yesterday &fternoon there were not more than a score of people in the room outside of those who are regularly engaged upon the case. Those who were there. however, listened to a fine ease of florid Kentucky oratory from “Col.” Thompson, whose arraignment of the plain- &iff was particularly severe. | that he had refused to allow her to go as | nis affianced wife. She had testified that , he was unwilling to let her go away from him for such a length of time. This phase of the situation, as put forth by her, was supported by the defendant's action sub- sequent to this incident. It was borne out by his visit to Mrs. Minear’s, it was borne out by the testimony of Mr. Francis on the stand, and, more than all, by his own statement made on the last of March in the following year in the presence of Mrs. RY WY Mr. Thompsvu Starts in. Blackburn. Prior to that occasion he had sent to Miss Pollard an invitation to & reception given by the Norwood Literary Society in honor of himself. In other words, he had invited into the presence of young ladies and schoolgirls a woman on the witness stand to blacken. Plaintif's Story. The plaintiff's side of the story had been more than borne out by what occurred in Mrs. Blackburn's apartments at the Port- land, when the defendant spoke of the Plaintiff as a young woman who was very dear to him and was going to be even more, and that he was going to marry her as soon as a suitable time should elapse after the death of his wife. The defendant had admitted, and Mrs. Blackburn and the Plaintiff had proved, that he called upon the plainiiff in May at 7 East Sist street, in New York, and had afterwards had an return to Washington there was another interview, the final one at the Portland, at which Mrs. Blackburn is positive that the subject of his conversation was an appeal to her to argue with Miss Pollard on ac- count of her insane jealousy. The name of the present Mrs. Breckinridge then came up, and the defendant denied that there himself and Mrs." Wing. He had even gone so far as to say that his rumored en- Mr. Carlisle Finishes. Miss Pollard looked unusually well and cheerful this morning, as though she had been encouraged by the picture of the case that was drawn by Mr. Carlisle. It was Weil for her peace of mind, though, that she | left the court room before the lawyers for the defense began, for Mr. Thompson gave her a severe tongue lashing. It was also as Well that there were no ladies present, or iis remarks would probably have caused a Dlush to mantle their cheeks. “Every time he spoke of a spade he called it a spade.” The line of his argument was frequently such as would not have furnished a suita- ble topic of conversation for a lady's draw- img room, and when he wanted to tell the gagement to Mrs. Wing would be of positive advantage to the plaintiff, for it would ac- custom his family to the idea of his getting married, and when they were once used to it it would make very little difference whom he married. In answer to a demand from the plain- tiff for all the letters from her in the pos- session of the defendant only two or three had been produced. If he had thought of ever giving such an explanation to what he said to Mrs. Blackburn, why did he not Preserve the letters from the plaintiff, in which there must surely have been some reference to the understanding that ex- isted between them as to the meaning to be attached to his promise made in the pres- ence of Mrs. Blackburn. The Work Basket. Another powerful piece of evidence in this case, Mr. Carlisle said, was the little workbesket, which used to belong to the late Mrs. Breckinridge, and which the de- fendant had presented to the plaintiff. He had denied all knowledge of its being in her pessession when she was at Mrs. Thomas’ or at any other time, and had have been abstracted from his rooms in this city. His reason for denying that he jury what sort of a woman he considered Miss Pollard to be he said right out in court just what he thought. In a general way he took the ground that the members of the jury would proba- bly have done about what Mr. Breckin- Fidge did under the same circumstances, end that his client was more sinned against than sinning. He prefaced his Speech with the statement that he did not intend to go into such detail as Mr. Car- Usle had done. This was quite true, for his speech was morein the line of an oratorical attack upon the character cf Miss Pollard and the motives that actuated her in bringing this suit than a formal at- tempt at a summing up cf the evidence in the case. It was a fervid appeal to the jury es man to man and he did not fail to let them know that Mr. Breckinridge was no ‘worse than many another. When the Pollard-Breckinridge case was s4 before Judge Bradley promptly at ‘Ss morning the was a brief eorversation becween the judge and the on beth sides, presumably with ‘ of time which the argu- e ever, one of the into the consultation be- fore it was over, and this made it look as thouch it were about something altogether @ifferent, though what it was no one could Me. Wilson Makes a Suggestion. on Mr. Carlisle took up his t ury, stating that he had Jeavored te the relations of the late and the plaintiff from the time of down to the final incidents : of 1886, he said, Mr. Breckin- and Miss Pollard was in e had testified In her case in ot whenever they were in the same ner and when they corresponded regularly. ked out the session a time when he held no com- with the plaintiff in any way To meet this they had put upon L a type writer, ters and » pointed out 2 ,cles that are noticeable in the de- story of what occurred in reference to his visit to and also to his stay at ton, where he denies ions existed between them. ridge had asked them to be- lid not know of the plaintiff's her fall from a horse mer of 1887. He yonsible for her condition of but this was on his own un- ement, and he had not at- them any sat: ‘tory ex- <. Mr. Carlisie emphasized the is ease Is, 2s laid down in the rented the court, an Evidence ef promise. . however, © ply based upon the failure of the to fulfill his con- tract of y had shown con- clusively August, 18 shortly after the death of h . he promised bp to this pi Later in the yumme- the proposition had been broached that she be allowed to go to Berlin to ‘The defendant said upon the stand had dented that | had given the basket to the plaintiff was a simple one. The presentation of such an article would have been strong evidence of his fordness for her and of his intention to make her his lawful wife. Pollard Listens, Mary Yancy, a colored servant, however, had been placed upon the stand. She was at Mrs. Thomas’ last spring, and testified that the defendant had often seen the basket there, and had, moreover, stated that Mr. Breckinridge asked her on one occasion to come and be the cook for them when he and Miss Pclard should go to housekeeping In the fcllowirg fall. Later Miss Pollard went te the house on Jeffer- gon place, where Mr. Breckinridge was by the side of a woman, who, he afterward Stated, was at thai time his wedded wife. She said to him: “Willie, come with me; I Want to see you.” And he came, and they went together to Maj. Mcore’s office. There that most solemn scene was enacted which had been testified to by Maj. Moore, and the truth of the testinony of Maj. Moore had never been questioned. On that occa- sion he promised, or rather expressed, his intention to marry the plaintiff in the last of the month of May. Promise of Mar: Ze. All this, said Mr. Carlisle, as his speech began to draw toward a close, was the Proof upon which he claimed the case had been proved. The statements made in the opening address had all been more than borne out by the testimony that had been produced. It would be difficult to imagine a case in which a promise of marriage could be more clearly proved by the testi- mony of outsiders as to statements made in their presence. The defendant's secret marriage in New York, so the judge had instructed them, was no defense, nor could he take any advantage of his own bad faith and the lack of honesty that marked his conduct. The truth of the defendant's story was not borne out by any of his acts as testified to by himself and by others, and yet his defense in this case rested sole- ly upon his own unsupported stat-ments made upon the stan¢ Caustic Comments. Mr. Carlisle then made some caustic com- ments upon the character of the Jef who had admitted that the bond which held him to the plaintiff was one of lust «nd not of love, and this, too, when he was living an outward life of honor and respectability, addressing presbyteries and synods, posing as a moral and teacher. His whole life Was one long living lie. The defendant had admitted in the pres- ence of the jury that the statements he made to Mrs. Blackburn were false and not true and were made solely to mest the exigencies of the occasion. Without giving any criterion as to when and how they could beli ling the truth and when a falsehood he had asked them to believe a st remarkable story, resting bis en’ efense upon that story. The plainuif did not come before them as a woman without biame or spot, but the defendant had tried to make her out worse than she really was. And yet not- withstanding the fact that the theater of | all these acts was in the defendant's own congressional district, all the testimony | they could produce against her was that }of the Shindlebauer woman, of Brand Kaufman and of Rozell. They had not |brough forth one shadow of creditable proof to show that she had ever com- (Continued on Second Page) whose reputation he had been attempting | interview with Mrs. Blackburn. After their | had ever been any love passages between | even gone so far as to say that {t must | TOLD TO “MOVE ON!” The Industrial Arnhy Ordered Out of Utah, RAILWAY OFFICIALS ASK PROTECTION Experience of Coxey’s Far-West Contingent. MUTINY IN THE RANKS OGDEN, Utah, April 10.—Judges Miner and Merritt have signed a mandatory re- straining order of the Southern Pacific railroad restraining them from keeping the industrial army, brought by said railroad company “unlawfully into said territory,” and ordering them all back into the box army in the cars any longer in the terri- tory than is absolutely necessary to carry | them away. This means that the Southern | Pacific must at once carry the army back whence it came. It is stated that the United States mar- hal, Brigham, will enforce the order com- pelling the army to return to box cars at | once. The result of the suit caused much ex- citement, as it is known that there will be a great deal of trouble in enforcing it. The industrials have repeatedly asserted that they will not go back, and develop- ments of exciting nature will be looked for. Judge Marshall, the attorney for the Southern Pacific. gave notice of appeal ‘to the supreme court from the order of the court. He also asked for a stay of execu- tion until the appeal could be heard. The jurist was denied by the court. i Marshal Bingham at once commencéd swearing in deputies. He had no difficulty in getting all the men he wanted. Notice is to be served at once on the superinten- dent of the Southern Paciiic. SALT LAKE, Utah, April 10,—Attorney | P. L. Witiams of the Union Pacifle pre- sented a petition before Chief Justice Mer- ritt reciting that the men comprising the industrial army were destitute and seek- fag transportation to the Missouri river, that petitioners were unwarranted in glv- ing the free transportation, that these men | are liable to become desperate and seize the railway proprty, which is Hable to result in destruction of property and possibly blood- shed. Petitioners prayed for an order of the court to the United States marshal commanding him to protect all of said property, and that he call to his assist- ance whatever force may be necessary to provide the same. The order was sigred as requested. RENO, Nev., April 10.—The citizens have ordered the detachment of the !ndustrial army now in town to move on, and will | arrest the leaders if the men do not leave. ST. LOUIS, Mo., April 10.—A special to the Republic from Highland, UL, says: Gen. Frye’s industrial army, 300 in num- ber, has reached this place, walking on the railroad track. They camped twenty-seven miles east of this city. The city has sent a wagon load of provisions to their camp. ry” Iler to Lend an Army. | Spectal Dispatch to The Evening Star. UNIONTOWN, Pa., April 10.—A good ‘night was passed by the “commonwealers” |Good shelter and plenty of straw had been \provided by the people of this town, and they, together with a smoking, hot supper, |put the men in the best of spirits. A roar- iing storm has been in progress all night jand still continues. The wind is high, and the tops of the mountains are covered with snow. Carl Browne, in a special order is- sued this morning, said that as the army had two days’ leeway no advance would be made today. The name of the camp has been changed to Camp McCormick, and everything is aranged to pass the day rest- ing and preparing generally for the hard Journey of the next few days. The commissary wagons are going around the streets soliciting clothing and blankets. No provisions are being asked for, because hardtack, bacon and coffee only will be taken over the mountains. A meeting will be held today, and the citizens asked to provide the necessaries |for the mountain trip. |The three museum freaks, “Weary” ler, | Kirkland and Jasper Johnston, being dis- |owned by the commonweal, are going to organize an opposition army and march to Washington also. They have one recruit. “Cyclone” Kirkland made a speech this morning, and Coxey, his bills and principles | were eulogized, while Browne was called all the hard names in the doctor's vocabu- lary. ae eee DAWES’ OFFERS REJECTED. The Creeks Unanimously Aguinst the Commission. MUSKOGEE, I. T., April 10.—The Creeks have definitely answered to the proposition of the Dawes commission. Over two thousand Indians were at the national meeting at Okemulgee today. They whooped in enthusiasm as they voted to a man against a change. In their resolution they state that they are invited to give up @ system under which they have prospered and to abandon their institutions, the out- growth of centuries, to exchange their land tenure for the system that fs reducing the reat masses of the people of the United tates to pauperism and discontent, in ex- change for a territorial government. They declare that the representations of lawlessness and monopoly published by the Dawes commission in {ts address are un- true and conclude with the statement that the commissioners’ propositions are im- practicable, and suggest that the commis- jsion had better be at home solving the po- litical problems that confront their home | people rather than beat a happy and already | Wealthy people, who ask no assistance of them. Voted GEN. SLOCUM BETTER, His Physician Says That He Ha: Fair Chance of Recovery. BROOKLYN, N. Y., April 10.—Dr. Charles M. Bellows, who is attending Gen, Henry ‘VW. Slocum, at his residence, 465 Clinton avenue, where the latter is lying ill of pneumonia, reported this morning that his atient was much improved and stood a fair chance of recovery. ee THE DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS, An Outline of Its Probable Action on the State Bank Bit The state bark question is being actively | canvassed in view of the House deraocratic |caucus at 8 o'clock tonight. The general program of the caucus has been arranged. Representatives Culberson, Cox of Tenne: see and Black of Georgia will urge action, | while Representatives Springer, Bryan and |several others are expected to urge that the question be deferred. The state bank men express satisfaction in having been assured the co-vperation of Representa- (tive Cockran of New York. A resolution will be presented at the outset of the cau- cus which will test the sentiment for unit- | ing the two elements on the bank question. is th | The resolution will recite that | duty of democratic members of Congr jexecute the plank of the democratic | tional platform tor the repeal of the state bank tax. It will recite further that party platforms and pledges are meant to be ob- | served and not to be evaded or ignor | On this spirited discussion is expected. | passed, as the state bank people expect it | to be, the next question will be to devise a plan for getting a repeal bill before the House. The purpose is to authorize the committee on rules to report a brief repeal bill which can afterwards be amended on presentation to the Housa it cars, or from keeping any portion of the | THE METROPOLITAN R. R. Senator McMillan's Plan to Solve the Problem in Regard to It. It Must Pay Its Debts Before It Can Operate the Underground Sys- tem—An Annual Tax. Senator McMillan teday introduced in the Senate a bill intended to solve the Metropolitan railroad problem, The bill is different in several particulars from the House bill, which was under debate yesterday in the lower house. The first section provides that the Metropolitan Rail- road Company shall be required to cease to use on its lines running east and west each and every closed car that has been in use on any of {ts lines for three years or more and shall substitute therefor new cars of the most approved pattern. Failure to comply with the provisions of this sec- tion within thirty days from the approval of the act shall subject the company to a fine of $25 for each day during which the company neglects or refuses to make the substitution of new © This fine may |be recovered by the Commissioners in any court of competent jurisdiction. Money It Must Pay to Operate the Un- derground System, Section 2 provides that within three imonths the company shall pay the District | the sum of $39,111, In consideration for the payment of this sum section 3 authdrizes |the company to equip and operate the lines jof its cars along all streets and avenues |whereon the lines of the road are now laid and operated with the underground electric |system, commonly known as the Buda- |Pesth ‘system. It is provided that tus lchange of the underground system shall first be made on the Yth street line, as fol- lows Beginning at 4 1-2 and P streets south- west, running north on 4 1-2 to Missouri javenue, thence west to 6th street, north to B, west to 9th, north to Florida avenue, northwest to 10th street. The fourth section of the bill stipulates that this change so required to be first made shall be commenced by the compa: without unreasonable delay after the ap- proval of the act, and shall be fully com- pleted within one year after approval, and within three years the company shall be lrequired to place the underground system jin operation on every other part of the lines as now existing, including an exten- ‘ston on East Capitol street, from that Street east to Lith street east, and around both sides of Lincoln Square. Section five authorizes and empowers the company to issue its bonds, secured by mortgage on its franchises and other prop- erty, to such amount as may be necessary to pay the cost of the work to be done and of the material required and the expenses incurred in the change to be made, but not in excess of such expenses. The sixth sec- tion is as follows: An Annual Tax, “On and after one year from the approval of this act the Metropolitan Railroad Com- pany shall pay to the District of Columbia, in addition to all other taxes now required to be paid by the said company, an annual tax of $500 for each and every car operated by horses on the portion of its lines known as the 9th street line, and on and after three years from the approval of this act sald company shall pay, in addition to all other taxes now required to be paid by the said company, an annual tax of $500 for each and every car operated by horses on any line controlled by said company. The bill was referred to the District com- mittee, —————— NOT ST. GAUDENS’ DESIGN. The New American Eagle Was Drawn by Mr. MeMontes. An attempt has been made to cast ad- ditional ridicule on Mr. St. Gaudens, the designer of the world’s fair medal, which shocked the modesty of the Senate quadro- centenrial committee, by the assertion that the Navy Department has rejected a de- sign of his creation as a figurehead for ves- sels of the navy. It was published broad- cast that Mr. St. Gaudens had sought to improve upon the style of eagle used on the prows of the new warships, and that he had submitted a design of his own, for which he asked the modest sum of $1,500. The story was that his artistic soul was shocked by the type of American eagle which perches, with outspread wings and ruilled feathers, ready to fight, on the prows of the warships, and that he had submitted a sketch of an eagle more in accordance with his own ideas of the artistic proprie- tles of the case. The facts of the case are that Mr. St. Gaudens never made the de- sign in question and had nothing to do with it, it having been made by Mr. Mc- Monies, the artist who desirned the cele- brated fountain at the world's fair, and that the latter was induced to make the design by Mr. Stanford White, the eminent architect of New York, and others, who thought the subject worthy of true artistic treatment. Mr. McMonies’ design is pro- nounced by artists beautiful and appro- priate. It would have been accepted by the Navy Department but for the high value placed upon It. The eagle is drawn with outspread wings and ruffled forefront, and is perched upon the emblematic coat of arms of the nation. It therefore ap- pears that Mr. St. Gaudens’ skirts are en- tirely clear in this matter, if not in the other, The President's Proclamation Pro- mulgating the Act of Congress. The President today Issued a proclama- tion promulgating the act of Congress en- titled “An act to give effect to the award rendered by the tribunal of arbitration at Pacis, under the treaty between the United States and Great Britain, concluded at Washington February 29, 1892, for the pur- pose of submitting to arbitration certain questions conce:ning the preservation of the fur seals,” and was approved April 6, 1894. The provisions of the act are given observed; and I hereby proclaim that every person guilty of a violation of the pro- visions of said act will be arrested and hed as therein pro’ vessels so employ Kle, apparel, their GROVER CLEVELAND. the following: District of Columbfa—Helen L. more, car fender; August Moon | Horn, Baltimore, warning safe; V | Frostburg, sliding gate; Thecdore Zwer- | mann, enameling sheet-iron ware. Virginia—Thomas K. Parrish, Richmond, manufacture of wooden vessels; W. man, Richmond, park scraper, the seal of the/ 1 | Alexander, | FREE TRADE FALLACY | Senator Lodge’s Forcible Speech | Upon the Tariff Bill. THEORY AGAINST PRACTICAL BUSINESS Sharply Contrasted. ENGLAND AND THIS COUNTRY Senator Lodge of Massachusetts today ad- Gressed the Senate in opposition to the pending tariff bill, and in the course of his remarks said: It is always well to look at things as they | are, even if the thing be free trade, to | which some persons in beautiful language | have consecrated themselves. It is best if Wwe would treat it intelligently to know that | by itself and of itself the tariff is a business | question, and that protection and free trade only take on a different and far deeper meaning when they are considered as parts of a question between far-reaching princi- | ples, which I believe involves the future of | our race and the existence and progress of | the highest ‘civilization. It is in the latter and far graver aspect, as I have already said, that I prefer first to treat them. To the practical man of affairs the theo- retical and convinced free trader is gen- erally extremely exasperating. But to the student of history and to the disinterested observer, to men of philosophic minds and blessed with a sense of humor, he is one of the most interesting and entertaining of human phenomena. These convinced free traders generally have some education and invariably think they have a great deal. They are provided with a set of little say- ings and aphorisms which can be carried without intellectual strain in a very small compass, and which to their thinking are complete solutions of all social and econom- ic questions, These they draw forth on all | occasions and present them to the world with entire confidence in the finality of | their Ittle sentences and a profound con- tempt for all persons who venture to differ with them and who do not think that the difficulties of humanity can be so easily dis- | Posed of. On What Free Trade Rests. Free trade rests entirely on the let-alone doctrine, he continved—that is, upon the doctrine that the least interference of the | State the best, and, comparatively speak- ing, is not a very large questian. It & merely the expression in one limited di- rection of a much broader principle. If the let-alone theory is correct as a general correct, then free trade is, of course, cor- rect as one of its parts. But if, on the other hand, the let-alone doctrine can be proved in many directions to be incorrect, if it has been abandoned again and again in practice by the most civilized nations, then the presumption is against free trade or any other single expression of the central principle. He then went on to show that France and most other countries had gone back to protection after spasmodic attempts at free trade. England alone had retained free trade uninterruptedly since adopting it, but the British colonies, which usually imitated the mother country in everything, had adopted the principle of protection. The underlying proposition of the free trader is that it is idle to attempt to mod- ify by legislation the working of immuta- ble economic laws. He forgets or has never learned that scarcely anything is immutable into which enters the heart and mind and emotions of humanity. The persona! equation plays a large part in all things which human beings affect by their own actions. ‘Raise wages by law,” “Make yourself richer by taxation,” sa‘ the free trader, bringing out again his lit- tle collection of epigrams. “It is like lift- ing yourself by your boot straps.” And then he thinks he had answered the whole case. And while he thinks he has settled the universe in this simple fashion the plain sense of the American workingman has shut out Chinese labor and contract labor and will in no long time shut out the imported products of that same labor. Continuing the argument, he said that the next point to determine was whether | free trade, contrary as it was to the gen- eral principles on which human society has been built up, could justify its exist- ence. We could settle this by examining the results of free trade, and, as only one civilized country had adopted it, that was ly done. England had adopted free trade, not be- cause, as a principle, she believed it jus but because she believed it would pay. Englard was a small country, densely pop- ulated and having small agricultural in- terests; the United States was large, sparsely populated (according to European standards) and with immense agricultural interests. The American Manufacturer. Tf, he argued, the American manufacturer |does not make money it is quite certain that he will not employ labor, and there- either. Our manufacturers believe that un- in full, and the proclamation closes as {er free trade they must either go out of follows: business or reduce labor costs. They nat- Now, therefore, be it known that I, |urally do not care to do the former, for Grover Cleveland, President of the United |that is ruin, and they are very unwilling States of America, have caused the said|t® try the latter, because reducing labor act specially to be proclaimed to the end |CSts means lowering wa which means | lthat its provisions may be known and {iM turn vast industrial disturb: and | that ts ruin, too, or something | How widely different ts our situation t from that of England fifty more- arEO, . Z | is the fact that while the En par- fee ure and cargo, will be selzed and for-|Tiament listened to English manufacturers eited. eh ma pee re Ja majcrity of the American Congress not im trstimony whereot 1 bave hereunto | ais a deaf ear to American man- set my hand and caus but treats them as if they were [United States to be affixed. enamine GE peer coamtey. | , Done at the city of Washington this 10th | “iixving found that the conditions in En, jday of April, in the year of our Lord one |jand at the time of the adoption of free |thousand eight hundred and ninety-four, |trade were wholly unlike our conditions and the independence of the United|here today, it now remains to inquire States the one hundredth and eigh’ nth. the English whether alicy has produced | sults which make nd question the (Seal.) By the President: | proper policy for every r country. WALTER Q. GRESHAM, He showed that in spite of all the sup- Secretary of State. | posed blessings of free trade England was ———— + |cursed with constaat labor diiiculties, and Pate: |since the adoption of that principle, which, Local Patents Grant /it was prophesied, would bring peace on Among the patents granted today were |¢arth and good will among men, she had ‘had on her hands a ye an average of about one from industry to ag: 3 i ana 3 Se Turning culture, he | veil clasp; aga Soc user DO gurel: as Wugiih Beenie then tector; Edward Hudson, stereopticon; El- ai doy tres) Duta an Cobden can dridge J. Smith, fender for street cars. s of his school predicted? It is a mat- |_ Maryland—Jacob S. Detrick and L. H.|ter of public notoriety that the record of Batchell, Baltimore, feeding device for metal |agriculture in England of late years is planing machines; Francis M. Mackin little but a record of disaster. ic. Schmidt, Baltimore, bath-was! There was hing left, then, of the supply coupling; Wm. V.'’McMan boasted superiority of free trade over pro- tection but the promise to increase trade, |and to retute this claim he gave the per- jcentage of increase, by decades, of Eng- land and the United States, which showed that in the decade 1870-1580 the trade of the United States under protection had increas- ed nearly four times as much as that of Workings of the Two Systems. economic principle and if the experience , and practice of mankind show that it is | fore the workingmen will not make money | . | OWN responsibility, pursued a vigorous policy TWO CENTS England, while from 1S$0-1890 it was more than seven times greater. Such in outline had been the history and j results of free trade in the only country which had adopted it. He touched lightly upon the question of | reciprocity, and showed with perspicuity the advantages which had flowed from it and the growth of trade which followed the | adoption of reciprocity treaties. j In What a Country's Wealth € ints. The wealth of a country is in production, and the strength of a country is in its pro- ducers. It is worse than idle to talk about consumers as if they were a vast propor- tion of the population, who ought alone to be considered. The mere consumers con- stitute not only an insignificant but wholly unimportant fraction of the community. The reductions of wages thus far made are trifling to what will come if this bill becomes a law, and men seek to adjust themselves to the new conditions. Such a | lowering of wages is not to be contemplated | without the deepest alarm. The country is | agitated and frightened as at no previous | time. “There is darkness before and dan- ger’s voice behind.” While we debate rates | ef duties the threat of this bill is realiy breaking down an important part of a broad general, policy, on which we must rely, unless we are prepared to meet the | shock of changes, which it would be diffi- cult to portray. I have no fear of the/ ultimate result. I believe that the mighty forces which have brought the great races of men to their present position will not | cense to operate. I feel sure that in the; nd we shall not cast aside the policies which are to protect us from the lowering and deadly competition of races with lower standards of living than our own. oe DISTRICT IN CONGRESS. More Clerks for the Library. ‘The Senate committee on library, through | Mr. Wolcott, today reported favorably | upon the joint resolution appropriating | | $10,000 for the employment of additional | j clerical service in the Congressional Li-| brary. Accompanying the report is a letter from Librarian Spofford, pointing out the greet increase in the labor of the librarian and his assistants, resulting from the pas- sage of the international copyright bill in| jJuly, 1891. It states that the number of | copyrights had in 18% increased 33 per cent | since 18%), while there has been but one clerk added to the force. ber of assistants in the library is now thirty-one. The library of the British Museum, with no copyright business, and! no circulation of books, has over one hun- dred assistants. The Congressional Library pays into the treasury the full am t of its copyright fees, amounting to about $45,000 a year, while the entire appropria- tion for salaries is but $43.8). Less than one-half of the clerical force is employed in the copyright department, and it is ob- vious, therefore, ys the librarian, that this department is far more than self sus- taining. To Protect Sunday in the District. Senator Kyle today, from the committee on education and labor, reported back to} the Senate bill 1628, introduced on Feb- |Tuary 15 by Mr. Gallinge:, for the protec- tion of Sunday in the District of Colum- bia. Mr. Kyle's committee took no action, but requested the reference of the bill to The whole num- A POINTER. The circulation of The Star is greater than that of all the other Washington dailies combined, and is believed to be five times that of a sworn detailed statement of circu- lation is printed each Saturday, its afternoon contemporary. IN SENATE AND HOUSE Mr. Wolcott’s Coinage Resolution Adopted by the Senate. AGREEMENT AS 10 THE TARIFF DEBATE The Post Office Appropriation Bill ” in the House. POSTAGE STAMP CONTRACT There was a very small attendance in the galleries when the Senate convened to- day, and there was scarcely a quorum of Senators visible. The bill introduced some time ago by Sen- ator Peffer for the improvement of public roads (a bill in the direction of the Coxey movement), and which was referred to the committee on education and labor, was re- ported back adversely by Senator Kyle. Mr. Quey introduced a zesolution (objec- tion to the consideration of which was made by Senator Cockrell), that the Sen- ate should hold a session on Saturday, April 21, from 12 o'clock to hear a com- epee Moone 4 organization of the working- men of the United States in ition to the tariff bill. — A resolution was introduced by Senator Allen of Nebraska directing the Secretary of the Interior to inform the Senate of the names and post office addresses of all pen- sioners of the government whose pensions had Suspended or cancel>d since March 4, 183, and the reason for such — or cancellation, enator Cockrell objected to its it consideration, and under the Tules it went over without action. M Wolcott's Coinage Resolution Adopted. The Wolcott resolution for the colnage of Mexican dollars at United States taints was laid before the Senate, and Mr. Gal- linger read a communication favoring the resolution. He said that while he had cast a reluctant vote for the repeal of the Sherman law he thought the time was ap- proaching when some action would have to be taken by Congress, to give the counuy a larger volume of currency, and when that time came, he might have some remarks to make on the subject which woud prob- ably be contrary to the views of the people of his state. The resolution was briefly debated, when Senator McPherson withdrew the amend- ment offered by him yesterday, to Insert the words “for export,” as he believed the Sherman amendment agreed to yesteriay covered the points of his proposed amend- ment, The resolution as amended was then agreed to and is as follow: “Resolved, That the President of the the committee on the District, which was ordered. The bill provides that it shall be unlawful on Sunday to perform any labor except works of necessity and mercy and | work by those who religiously observe Sat- | urday, if performed in such a way as not | to involve or disturb others; also to open places of business or traffic, except in the case of drug stores for the dispensing of | medicine; also to make contracts or trans- | act other commercia! business; also to en- gage In noisy amusements or amusements fer gain, or entertainments for which ad- mission fees are charged; also to join in | public processions, except funerals, which | last shall not havermusic; also to perform ny court service, except in connection with arrests of criminals and service of process to prevent fraud. The second section pro- vides a penalty for violation in a fine of not less than $10 for the first offense, and for second or subsequent offense a fine not exceeding $50, and imprisonment for not less than ten nor more than thirty days, and one year’s forfeiture of any hcense held by the offender or his employer. Government Printing Office Site. Senator Hansbrough today, by request, introduced in the Senate a bill for the pur- chase of the site for the government print- jing office, similar to that introduced in the | House by Mr. Bankhead on the 29th of |September. The bill directs the payment of $208,881 for a site at the corner bounded by 4 M, 3d and 4th streets northeast. It was referred to the committee on public build- |ings and ground: —_—e-________ PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATIONS. Several Post Offices Filled Naval Promotion The President today sent the following nominations to the Senate: Postmasters— Earl Bronson, Spencer, lowa; Enos L. | Stephenson, Garden City, Kan.; Charles 0. Mouton, Lafayette, La.; Nathaniel A. Swett, West Brook, Mv.; James M. Daugh- erty, Carterville, Mo.; ‘Thomas J. Francis co, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio; Pratt K. Map Columbus Grove, Ohio; Andrew C. Harkle- road, Bristol, Tenn.; Charles W. Brooks, Georgetown, Texas; J. H. McGehee, San Marcos, Texas; Fannie §. Williams, Lexing- ton, Va.; John Passage, Delavan, Wis.; ; George P. Wehausen, Two Rivers, Wis. Navy—Lieutenant Junior Grade Roy C. Smith, to be a Heutenant; Ensign George P. Blow, to be a lieutenant junior grade. nd Two ADMIRAL BENHAM RETIRED. When He Returns Home He W: Welcomed With Honors. Rear Admiral A. E. K. Benham, the American hero of the Brazilian revolution, was placed on the retired list of the navy today by operation of law on account of age. He is now on the high seas, having left his late flagship, the San Francisco, at Curacoa, off the coast of Venezuela, last week, and having taken passage on a mail steam er for New York, where he will prob- ably arrive next week. Admiral Benham was appointed to the navy from Pennsyl- vania in November, 1847, and rose through Be the various grades to rear admiral Feb- ruary 28, 1890. In June, 1892, while com- |manding the North Atlantic’ station, he was transferred to the command of the South Atlantic station to take the place of Admiral Stanton, who made the mistake of saluting the fiag of the insurgent leader, Admira! Mello. Admiral Benham, acting mainly on his in the interest of American commerce at Rio, and, by breaking the insurgents’ block- ade, virtually brought the revolution to an d without in anywise compromising the administration. His course was subse- quently approved by the President. Conse ntly he will be welcomed home with be- coming honors, His retirement will promote Commodore F. M. Ramsay, chief of the bureau of navigation, to the grade of ad- |miral, but will probably necessitate no change in his duties for the present, at least. 2 Sugar Refinery Statistics, Complying with a resolution of inquiti the Secretary of the Interior today sent to the Senate a statement of sugar manu- facturers and retiners who had refused to furnish info fon concerning their bust- hess to the census office. He states that the office obtained complete returns from 393 establishments engaged in sugar manu- facturing during the census year. —_e-— An Attorney Dixbarred. ewis F. Houpt, an attorney of Buffalo, N. Y., was today disbarred from practice before the Department of the Interior. A Protest. Chief Richard Whitehorse and his inter- preter, from the Otoe tribe in Oklahoma, | had an interview with the commissioner of | Indian affairs today and protested against some of the features of the allotment sys tem. The question of annuities was also touched on. \ United States, with a view to encourage and extend our commercial relations with | China and other Asiatic countries, be re- quested, if not incompatible with the public interests, to enter into negotiations with the republic of Mexico, looking to the coin- jage by the United States at its mints, of Standard Mexican dollars, under some agreement with the said republic of Mex- ico as to seigniorage, method and amount of said coinage; and that he be further requested to report the result of his ne- Sotiations to the Senate.” Notice was given by Senator McPherson «N. J.) that next Monday, as soon as tariff bill shall be taken up, Senator (N. J.) would address the Senate. The Tarifl Discussion. The bitterness and mutual recriminations which closed the proceedings of the Senate last evening were healed this morning by @ peaceful settlement of the difficulties by Senators Harris and Aldrich. The latter announced that Senators om the republican side of the chamber were very anxious to proceed with sideration of the tariff bill in an orderly manner, which would not interfere with the convenience and comfort of Senators. “IL would suggest,” he went on, “that we are willing on this side of the chamber, for the present (for a week at least) that the Senate shall mect at 12 o'clock cach day and the tariff bill shall be taken up at 1 o'clock and continue before the Sen- ate until 5 o'clock each day without dila- tory motions.” He expressed the hope that Mr. Harris woukl not call up his motion to meet at 11 o'clock each day, and that he would aiso withdraw his request for the present read- ing of the bill. Mr. Harris agreed to this, and after some little discussion it was agreed that the prop- osition of Mr. Adrich should prevail until Monday next. ding Debate, A Public A resolution, introduced by Mr. Dolph, to discharge the committee on public build- ings and grounds from the consideration of a bill for the erection of a public build- ing at Salem, Oreg., was taken up and gave rise to considerable discussion, in which some sharp thrusts were gi on all sides.- Senator Vest, the chairman of the com- mittee on public buildings and grounds, re- plied to Mr. Dolph, giving his reasons for the apparent inaction of the commictse on public building bills. Me said that owing to the depressed condition of the finances of the country the committee did not feel justified in recommending any further pub- lic buildings until the finances resumed their normal condition. His highest rule in the conduct of public affairs was to do as he would do in the conduct of his private affairs, and if he were in business, and at a time of financial depression should con- tinue to incur @bligations without any pros- pect of being able to discharge them in the near future, he would be deserving of a very poor reputation as a business man. Of course, where buildings were actually under construction it Was necessary to pro- vide appropriations for the continuing of the work in order that the government should not lose on the money already in- vested. Senator Frye (Me.) remarked, ironically, that if the Senator from Missouri succeed- ed in satisfying the Senator from Oregon with anything less than twice as much ap the state was entitled to he would be great- er man than he (Mr. Frye) thought him. (Laughter.) Senator Dolph réiterated that while he ap- preciated the compliment intended to be paid to his energy he thought the Sena- tor from Maine had done him a great in- justice. He had asked no unusual favors for his state and had asked for nothing which Oregon was not entitled to. Senator Quay favored the withholding of appropriations for public buildings for the present, for he believed there bes vacuum in the treasury if the tariff? biD passed. When the debate on the tariff bill was re sumed, Mr. Lodge took the floor. THE HOUSE. ‘There was a question when the House met today as to the order of business. An at- tempt was made to consider some Senate amendments to a bridge bill, when Mr. Reed urged that the House must proceed to vote upon the motion to discharge the warrant issued to the sergeant-at-arms, under the resolution of March 19, to arrest absentees. The motion came over from last Satumlay. Mr. Reed contended that the House pre- sented an unseemiy spectacie as long a8 members were under threat of arrest, and that the report of the sergeant-at-arms should be disposed of as a matter of privi- lege affecting its members. Finally Mr. Reed himself called the matter up. Mr. Springer sought to extricate the House by withdrawing his motion to dis- charge the sergeant-at-arms’ warrant. The Subject Goes Over. ‘The question as to Mr. Springer’s right to withdraw the motion was debated for some time, but there being no uprecedents in point by agreement it was decided to allow the whole subject to go over until tomorrow. Several bills were then passed by unani-