Evening Star Newspaper, March 24, 1894, Page 19

FOR EASTER SUNDAY) Picturesque Spring Costumes for’ Young Girls, TASTEFUL AND BECOMING. ‘Gowns That Can Be Made at Home at Small Cost. POINTERS FOR MOTHERS *@ritten Exclusively tor The Evening Star. LL VARIETIES and shades of color will be seen on the Principal streets of morrow, and the wo- men and children, as usual, after their forty days of compar- ative quietness, will make quite a brilliant Spectacle in their Easter gowns and hats. Of course there will be many de- ms of the exquisite costumes of the People, so we will try to show some of the pretty sowns the children like. ary Im Dove Gray. The following are frocks which will be| orn by the little tots tomorrow: The first is a dove gray costume, and is j@immed in soft silk of a pale shade of baby *Blue, having figures of white sprinkled over ft The circular yoke, which has a frill eur beautiful city to- | @bout it of white lace, is of the silk, and a ited piece, as shown in the illustration, | Jet in the front of the skirt. The waist | ed | tight-fitting, and has twi of silk sewed on fron d puff of silk, which is cut in a point end put over a coat sieeve of the material. under part of the sleeve is entirely of (the dress material. The frill of lace is ‘ ht up in front with a blue bow, and the aint of silk has one also. The very small girl in cut No. 2 has a @imply made little dress for Easter. it is ef a cool green shade, and is trimmed with silk of green and white, and also with dark — velvet, giving her a very spring-like indeed. The snugly fitting little waist, which, of course, buttuns up the back, is of the velvet, as are also the lower parts of the sleeves. A wide ruche of lace gives the little gown a quaint effect. A gored ruffle, | about three inches in width, encircles the | ‘waist, and is made of the silk. The big! ‘puff sleeves are also of silk, and the full, “Wide skirt ©” the woolen light green gouds. The next illustration represents a little gown made with an underskirt of Diack silk or satin. To lessen expense this underskirt may have but one breadth of satin up the front, and a facing of the same In Cool Green. Material about the edge of the skirt, the Fest of the lining goin a@bout four inc one ts placed ov front and her this, and fs cut open in all around, the stitching ing covered with a single row of No. 3 Diack satin ribbon. The body is made with @ big y which reaches to the belt, and 4s bordered by a graduating ruffle. The sleeves have full puffs and tisht-fitting low- ers. A single row of the ribbon trims the Fuffle, cuf’s and each edge of the belt. The own is made in one piece and fastens bac¥ uncovered. A skirt | hes shorter than the black | i long ends reach When older Grown. The fourth picture is of a gown for an | @ider zirl, it is of uld rose cashmere and! THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, MARCH 24, 1894-TWENTY PAGES eS ——— ——__—_— ————— — OEE is trimmed with silk of a dark maroon. The front of the skirt and the tight-fit- ling vest are of silk, also the triple which borders the rest and the cuffs and collar. A long extra skirt is added to the basque, which ends at the waist line. Cream color insertion is put on over the silk vest in points and there are rosettes of cream coler at the end of the waist, both in front and back, and at top of the cuffs. An old rose materia) which has a pin dot of white would be prettier than solid old rose goods. Sweet Sixteen. The next costume also belongs to a girl of sixteen and is of a i tan shade. The sleeves, full yoke and vest, also the rosettes, are of tan silk, with broad stripes of green, and the revers, belt, collar and cuffs are of velvet of the same shede of soge green as the stripes in the siik. Un- der the revers, which border the yoke, a heavy frill of tan lace falls and is caught up in front by a rosette. This gown, lite the preceding one, has a basque which is made with a ripple skirt. ination. The sixth gewn {3 of mative color and is trimmed in heavy silk of the darkest ma- genta shade. The er parts of the sleeves and the pointed yoke are of figured velvet, the colors being dark and very light magenia. The body is a single one, gath- ered on to the yoke and also to the skirt, the waist and yoke baing edged with fulled strips, the silk having little puffs in back and front. It is an easily made little frock and very effective. In Gobelin Blue. A gobelin blue dress is representéd in number seven and has loose sleeves of In- | dia silk of a couple of shades darker. The j upper part of the waist is tight-fitting and is made of this. A full piece of gobelin blue woolen goods, which ts figured with corn color, is let in at the under arm seams and puiled on at the waist, then caught up in front and formed into a puff or rosette. The underskirt is of this sec- | Dupont ; but they do not divectly # {are on the west front, the | on the east side und betw jand ine maroie hali on the east froz } Ms room and te horary | period. | coloring of the | are cupboards built in the ws . Sevres plates. 19 ‘HOMES OF LUXURY!) revers, | | Features of Some of the Recent Fine Residences Here. ADORNED WITH THE SPOILS OF TRAVEL Spacious Interiors Adapted For a Gracetul Hospitality. DINNER SERVICES OF GOLD OME OF THE FIN- | est Domes ever built | S: this city have been | occupied for the first | time the past winter. | The Leiter, Whitte- more and Colton maasions are fine re- | cent examples of resi- | jences built by a of wealth and leisure ing the comfort it is possible to sur- with which | round «ne’s household sods. | | The Leiter mansion, ‘oth by its location and size, is the most striking of any pri- Vale residence in this city, although epin- ions will forever disagree us to whether it heads the list in the way of intecior mificence and artistic beauty. It is y likely, however, that a great many people will be amply satisiied with i hall, the wide marble staircase and balcony, the mosaic fioors, of which the visitor ycis the first glimpse, are impo: pass over the threshold in fight of marble steps to muunt to re. hail, or another fight (0 go downs: the lower floor, where the cloak room and an eastern room are iccated. The hall, waich seems quite us long as wide us ie east rou: at House, extends the enure iengin house, except: the iibrary, which faces le. Lhe library is spacious, the carved woodwork is light oak, ihe tireplace, ve now. vut no White ot ihe | @ conspicuous features made of p ein ed marble, as is aiso ine arched ceiling above it. ‘Khere are windows on either side of it, the park. At other end of the hall is the ouw ptaur- case leauing to the story above. And at the top of the arst lending a Stuied-glass Wiudow soitens the uorth Mgnt. Tne drawing room 4 the 3 room aqjoining, which is yet uni ining room is! en Ue Miss Leiter's poudvir. ho room moze beautifully city tian unis. its general tone 1s blue, and the tireplace is a gc been described beivre in aetail in ‘ Sue Overlooking the si rved iretwork and there is a utile dal- cony opens Wow Lar from it on uy as inipeuaible to look im ine room as a mounts ihe stairs. ‘The Spoils of Tray oi. Colton’s house on Conne has a generous frontage of sitty more, and from the outer steps to the top! story bespeaks ease and comsort, us wei S elegance and relinement. T is an eastern room full of tne odlest and most interesting things on one site of tie hall and an Mnglisu breakiast room on the omer, The staircase of quartered ouk di- the hou: in troat are te dra re the wo ver ar viues Work has an ivory unt. Ac nt Of murrors makes che svoms, Y much aarges tnan the ordinary, us spacious again. Col. and ars tu: taings they 1anuc e. ‘fhe bronze ana iron andirous the urepiaces wre nut oniy old, bat ar very beauurul specimens of ine ari or Uh ihey came from an oid F now adora chateau. ahe old masters on the walls, the bric-a- brac and tne curios would set a counoiss | Wa wich delight. ‘I'he dining room is larse, and oid rose shades predominauuy in valis, higuly polished woodwork. tied in soft colors and on the tireplace is aca side ef it filled with fine china and glass, not only pretty, but very old. The room is bordered atop of ihe high wainscoting with a ro ach of the vooms on the main floor is lighted from the center of the ceiling, while there are also gas and elec- tric side lights. The house has a passenger lift and a gymnasium on the tep Hoor—tvo very unusual helps to ease and health in a private house. Not All Upstairs. A large house with practicaliy only one | flight of stairs for the family to mount, alt the living and sleeping rooms arranged on two floors, is quite uncommon. The Whit- temore residence, corner of New Hamp- shire avenue and Q street, one of the most spacious of the more receatly constructed residences, is a splendid exainple of just ond woolen goods end the long overskirt | such unusual comfort as this combined wiih of the plain blue. Can Be Made at Home. The eighth little gown is another which can be made at home. The sleeves are the usual puff ones and the body plain and the skirt a single full one. A vest of a con- trasting material is put on over this and has insertion bands placed across. The double revers afe also of the darker shade and the lower parts of the sleeves. A pleat- ed belt, which is put on after the dress, is Placed about the waist and is fastened at one side of the front by a very large bow, the a he hem of the Dull Magenta. A dull magenta shade was chosen for the accompanying dress, and it is trimmed with the same color, but of a brighter shade. A yoke cut in three joints and pointed cuffs are of this latter shade and are edged about with gold braid prt on in loops. The skirt and waist are sewn together anc the belt is formed by the braid. every elegance. On the main foor the drawing room, music room andi the dining room open up so well that they practically make one large apartment for festive ovca- sions. The library is at the ieft of the cn- trance and has low window seats and every other inducement to enjoy the treasures which fill the book shelves. The hali has a generous-sized stairway with square !and- ings, and behind it is the billiard room. ne seventh room on the main floor -s the kiteh- en. On the second floor the clothes closets attached to the different rooms are models in their systematic arrangement. Mrs. Whittemore designed them herself, after having given the subject a great deal tention. The dress closets ar ri genious. Each dress has a pI and by touching an electric button a gar- | ment hung in the uppermost row comes down within easy reach. The system per-j fectly illustrates how it is vossible t: put away clothes properly and yet he abl- to get them again in the most cxpedirtous manner. The house is filled with beautiful things picked up by Mr. and Mrs. Whitze- more during years of travel, and their pie tures on the walls are exampies of the best | artists and all of pleasing subjects. Elegant, but Useful. If the arrangement of the iyler house on j I street, where Col. and Mrs. seth Baron French of New York have been extend'ag such generous hospitality a!l .inter, bas any particular feature about It, it is that | while everything in it is rich and costly nothing looks too good to use. The rooms on either side of the entrance are the Jibra- | ry and reception room. It Is vack of these, and, oddly enough, down a flight of stairs, that the dining room is located. The ball and stairs are carpeted in vivid crimson, | the woodwork is light buff, and a row of family portraits on the wall complete the colonial effect. From the drawing room there is a glimpse of the small conserva- tory. The daintiest spot in the }, 2 is the boudoir at the right of the drawing room. The walls are hung with embroidered satin draperies. The arrangement of these hang-| ings is quite irregular. They wre draped either around or form a backsround for the small water colors or bits of china. There | is a luxurious divan and pillows, and in front of it a large white rug, which helps to cover most of the floor. Jld silver, pret- ty things in china, pieces of bronze. etc., are on the desk, mantels and the low ta- bles, giving the finishing toucaes. This room, like the drawing room adjoining, has low windows opening on the logsia, whch nd iairly represent: | luxury and | | feature of the dining room, and, arranged ‘The lofty | ¢ morary ; ‘ to adorn their table. | j after some per. © harmouze w.th we/} of beautiful | gives the front of the house something of an Italian effect. Spacious H: - The Moorish hall in the Henderson house is absolutely unique in its way so far as this city is concerned. The entire house is a delight and grows more beau- tiful every time it is seen. The dining room lights up well. Mrs. Henderson's dinners are marvels of dainty arrange- ment as to table decorations as well as a credit to her cook. Hers is the only table where the napkins are always squares of soft Indta silk. But this host and hostess do not tind their dining room near large enough, and before long they intend to begin the erection of a noble banquet all on the vacant ground north of the picture gallery. In the dining room of Senator Sherman’s new home on K street there is a frieze that looks as if it might have been carved out of old ivory. It is a sggpe trellis and the | aiseriet’ “I had forgotten all about it.” large bunches of the fruit are gilded end | stand out prominently. The wood carv-| ings throughout the main floor are the feature of the ornamentation. The broad staircase and landings are nearly as big as some whole houses in the West End. Mrs. Sherman does not believe in the crowding together of too much furniture, which is carried to such excess in many mode:n homes. Each piece in the Sher- man house has been well selected and is in perfect harmony with its quiet and re- fined surroundings. Mr. and Mrs. John R. McLean have about | everything heart could wish in_ their roomy, palatial home. The d-awing rooms are decidediy Frenchy, but the ball room, which is at the same time the largest house library in town, and the dining room transport you to British shores and ba- ronial castles. The woodwork is a never ending delight to those who appreciate its beauties. When the table is set for a din- ner party and the gold service is on jt, this banquet hall is a picture. The service has large epergnes, candelabra and side ornaments, and when in use the guests find also solid gold plates at their covers. The breakfast room of the mansion is decorated in yellow and there is a frieze of orange branches and the gleaming yel » fruit bordering the rcom. In every ction thee are hundreds of beautiful s that compel admiration, fine pic- portraits and all that goes to make a luxvrious home. Rich Artistic Effects. Perhaps Mrs. Richardson, in her home on I street, has more of the fine old carved furniture. now so highly prized in this country, more of the old Dut i than are in cny| other house } ver is the special The on top of to e antique carved presses, seems use and adornment that could have ighted a Dutch housewife. and once M 3 of the Mexi-| tie home on Con- room , the with ff eon rec | Dulin have in, hi e on K stre back of the @ and the ornar the r. is very receives no end of ad- son it. china is thought { cost nesriy as much i ut_ they did not create the sensa- | tion of the former. M nm has been made of the McLean ice. Another | ned by Representative; nd was constantly dis- nter at their entertain-/| 2 Senator and Mrs. Brice have an-| other, a great table full of ornamental | epersenes, candelabra and small _ side | dishes. It makes a magniticent show when | arranged on the table. The Mexican min- ister and Mrs. Romero have a gold service aifo and many other beautiful ornaments = — A UNIQUE BANQUE The Entomological Society to Dine on Bugs and Other Things. The Entomological Society of Washin ton fs a su . conipris- | ing some thirty-five re 100 cor- responding members, and which has been holding regular monthly mevtings since Iss. The date of the one hundredth regular meeting of the society is rapilly appreach- ing, and the members propose to celebrate the event by a dinner, at which some en- tirely new dishes will be served. A Star reporter gained an inkling of the! matter from a scientific triend and hunted | up a prominent member of the soci sion, s “We are reasonably sure, from our own | individual experier nd ‘rom the writings | of prominent sts, y that certain insec * articles of food in tines of famine, it certain deiicacies, fit for the table of the epicure, are yet » be found among this group of | creatures. You remember, without doubt, | the efforts which Prof. Hil e in IS76 duce grasshe liet among rving farmer aad Colo- | % vou re Stories of velers in the West Indies and South | America about the im wee and how it} is fried in oil and eaten as a delicacy by the! natives. Some Original Dishes. “We intend to follow up whatever sug-| gestions have been made, so far as we can get the material, and some entirely orig-| inal dishes will be attempted. It will be a/ little early in the season for grasshop- pers, but a corresponding member of the society in Texas has promised to send a) supply of an early Texas variety to Wash- ington. From these it is proposed to make | a bisque by slowly stewing them until all! the strength is extracted and then thick-| ening with a finely minced forcemeait. Just what to use for this forcemeat is un- decided, and the committee is hesitating between wood lice and bark-boring grubs. Experiments will probably have to be made in advance, as the exact flavor of neither of these ingredients is accurately known, “Another corresponding member, who lives in Florida, has been requested to lo- cate at once a large number of weevil-in- fested palms so that at just the right time a large numbe= of juicy. weevil larvae may | be secured and sent to Washington in sec- | tions of the wood. Here they will be scald- ed in hot water and fried in olive cil and served with peas in place of sweetbreads. “Fortunately the seventeen-year locust 1: due in Virginia and the District of Colum- bia this year, and about the 20th of May— just about the time of the meeting—the appetizing grubs will be coming up from the ground and transforming to pupae by the thousands on the tree trunks about Washington. Prof. Riley made a number of experiments with this insect as a food in 185, ard found that while it lacked substance, its flavor was good and it might in fact be called a delicacy. Here then we have precedent to guide us, and these | insects wiil be parched over a quick fire and will be served cold as a substitute for salted almonds. A Substitute for Terrapin. “An interesting dish, which will be serv- ed as a very thick stew and which will, at least on the menu of this dinner, take the | place of terrapin, will be composed of wasp | and bee grubs. These plump and clean in- sects will be treated just like terrapin meat and will be flavored in just the same way. “Honey, that well-known insect product, will be used as much as possible, and what- ever pastry and confections are needed will be composed largely of this delicious sub- stance. The place of lemon in the punch will be taken by the juices of erushed ants, since it has long been known that the for- mic acid of ants is as well adapted to this | purpose as the citric acid of lemons, “If possible to secure them in sufficient- ly large numbers, spiders’ eggs will be pre- pared in two ways; cooked into a bread, in | the same way that the Mexicans use the eggs of a little water bug which abounds in the lakes near the City of Mexice, end pickled and spread like caviare on crack- ers or, thin slices of bread. “A large number of other dishes have been suggested to the committee in charge by the members interested, but I need not mention them, as for one reason or another most of them have been decided to be im- practical. ‘The reporter asked if the society had not found it difficult to get a caterer to under- take the preparation of such a dinner. “Yes,” he said; “in fact, at two or three | Prominent cafes at which we have cautious- ly broached the subject we have been told that it would ruin the reputation of the es- tablishments forever if it me isnown that they had served such a meal. “*Why,’ said one veteran, wno keeps a cozy place near the Treasury Departinent, ‘here I've been struggling all my Jife to keep flies and roaches and thousaad-legs out of the dishes which I put before my customers, and do you suppose that just to oblige a set of cranks I will upset the prej- udices of a lifetime” “We are now looking for an fcono: cook of ability—some young man with 1. gressive. end-of-the-century fleas, who, | struggling in unmerited obscurity up to the present time, is anxious to make « la ang | reputation for himself at a single stroke. | We hope to find such a man, but If we do) not succeed the committee in zharge will | do the cooking themselves.” ——— Conversation. Fren. Truth. “Why, don't you know it’s almost elec- tion time again?” said the confidential cir- cular. | Promise in due course of time to make th: | and chevron mar! | ferent orders of medals of the vaiic ‘the wildest “Well, I'll be stumped,” exclaimed the FOR HEROIC DEEDS The System of Medallic Decoration in Our Army, IT$ ORIGIN AND EXTENT History of the U. S. Medal of Honor and Other Decorations. HOW HEROISM IS REWARDED po ag | | Wears the Written for The Evening Star. the theory w! h is vailed ia older times that official Jecoratic of citi nens was contrary to the spirit of Ameri- can institutions, it may now be safely erted that the cf- ficial in the has proporti ns which country the rival of any other medai wear- ing nation on earth. Indeed, to parapi the words of a conservativ: ewd ¢ server, never before in the history of this or any other republic have th many orders, societies, badges r2 been so bboas and decorative stars as now flourish in tre United States. While there are but four species uf med-} als issued directiy by the federal ern- pecial medals awarded by Congress, medals of honor under the act of 1862. medals for excellence in marksmanship and life-savi are numerous others authorized gress to be worn on all official or ceremo mil lals,t by ¢ | nial occasions, which, added to che several governmental medals, certificates of Wg of the federal mi constitute as great a variety of de: as can be found in many of the aris nations of Europe. Indeed, to be nore cific, it may be stated that in ail there are upward of fifty-two medals issued either nized milltary societies indorsed by federal laws, which, as compared to the of Europe, including Russia and ‘Pu insures to the United States tre ais- tinction of countenancing at ieast the issue and wearing of nearly one-sixth as many medals as all Europe combined. Authorized by Congress. The military societies whose medals and/ badges are authorized by act of September | | the Treasury Department, and today there | are nearly 8,000 medals of honor stored 5, 1890, to be worn on all “occasions of cer. " are as follow: cinnati,” “Society of Colonial Wars, ciety of the Sons of the Revolution, ciety of the Sons of the American Revolu: tion,” “Society of the War of 1812." Chub of 184 “Loyal Legion . “Grand Army of the Republic,” and the twenty-five army corps societies of ihe last | |, all the | war. Excepting the two last name societies above referred to provide for bership by lineal descent on either the mem- le or female side of ancestry. So .hat the| young officer of the army who entered the} service in 1864 or 65, and had the nonor to| be descended from ancestors on either the | father or mother’s side evho had served in | military capacity in the colonial and er previous wars, might begin his mili- tary career with at least sevea medals. Then, if he himself served in two or more corps of the Union army in the civil war, he might get a medal for each corps, which, together with the three other war badges or medals obtainable by him, would make five to be added to the seven alrealy possessed and worn by inheritance. If he chen en- tered the regular army establishinen:, he could in time, by devotion to rifle practice, become a skilled shot, and win from tive to| ten gold and silver medals before retiring from the target field, with the beautiful gold “distinguished ‘marksman medal,” | making in all a possible twenty-five medals, or enough to cover his body front from cain | to belt plate before his soldierly breast had | been exposed to a hostile bullet. In Former Times. In earlier times in this country medallic | decorations were rare, and yet the pa- triotic Washington was the first American | to be decorated, and that, too, by the earliest act of the Continental Congress. From a military standpoint even Wash- ington realized the virtue and necessity of | awarding military medals to men who by risking life in the performance of hezotc any acts set an example to others which should | not go unnoted.; Indeed, has there ever been a period in history when reward of military merit has not been practiced In one way or another? The Greeks, it ts true, awarded no insignia of valor, and the Spar- tan who did his best to be killed in battle gained no reward, for nothing less than val- orous courage was at all times expected. The Romans, on the contrary, indulged in sort of ¢@eremonial rumpus when they welcomed a_ victor from the wars, whereas he who had simply saved another's Ife was crowned with a chaplet of oak, which guaranteed certain political privileges, extending back to all male an- | cestors on the father’s side. It was doubtless this sentiment, common to ail people in all ages, of rewarding the valiant soldier, that prompted Gen. Wash- ington, as far back as 1782, to establish the “Honorary Badge of Military Merit.” it was proposed to award medals of honor to certain heroes of the revolution, Ben. Franklin, being at that time in France, was charged with the delicate duty of having designs made by the best Parisian artists. The father of electricity, to have been in favor of adopting one of the ways the ancients had of honoring their he- roes by striking off a medal, and making it the model standard of money. This {dea, though not adopted then, prevailed latterly, when we put the vignette pictures of states- men and other great men on our postage stamps, greenbacks and bank notes. Changes in the Reward System. From the time when the military merit badges created by Washington were first is- sued the reward system in this country has assumed different forms. The brevet method, ! which was among the earliest and most} popular of all, was started in 1776, and yet | at the beginning of the war of 1812 not a single officer of our army held a brevet, as, indeed, up to the civil war no officer of the United States army or navy had the right to wear on official occasions any medal what-/ The brevet system was developed soever. more fully in the Mexican war, and after- ward assumed huge and elastic propor- tions in 1863. From 1885 to 1867, it may be remembered, brevets became so general and promiscuous in this country, like the Legion of Honor badges in France, that some very gallant but sensitive men declined to receive them. Nevertheless,thousands and thousands of brevets were bestowed, and it the United States army should feel in need of any official record to demonstrate to the world the extent to which its valor and merit in the civil war were appreciated by a grateful government, it need point only to the endless lists of brevets award- ed. But brevets applied only to the com- missioned element. The private soldier who fought like a lion, and lay wounded nigh unto death in some heroic effort, could only | in all other | limitation exists. OTWITHSTANDING | nileged te have pre- | medallic | e-j directly by the government or by rezeg- | When | | total number (1,147) issued however, seemed | be promoted outright—there was no brevet for him--and, alas, commissions were, after all, but limited in number. For All Heroes. Finally, the fact was recognized that to whatever extent the medal or merit system is developed for favored classes, there comes a time in the common experience of all countries when some distinctive medal must be provided for all alike—as a sort of common level for all heroes, from king to vassal, or general to private—a common goal of ambition to which all brave men might asptre—a common reward for hero- ism and valor wherever it be found. For example, although England had her Order of the Garter, whose medals kings and emperors often sought in vain, as well as her famous Order of the Bath for gentlemen of rank, there came a time in 1856 when the plain and simple bronze Victoria Cross was issued to all heroes of high and low degree—or, as the queen herself expressed it, awarded without regard to rank, length of service, wounds, or any consideration, save individual acts of valor on battle fields. In Germany the Black Eagle medal which adorned the oldest nobility of the emperor's household is today not valued as bighly as the revered Iron Cross which may be pinned by the sovereign’s own hand on the breast of him who achieves distinctions in battle. In France not one of her gaudy decorations was as coveted as the badge of the Legicn of Honor, first issued in 1802, while in the United States @ distinguished veteran of our last great war recently de- |clared that he would value a medal of | Ronor over and above 0 @ commanding gen- eral’s commission. All Europe bows down n reverence for the medals of the Order of Malta, which grew out of the politico-sacred Order of St. John of Jerusalem, and yet. no man in Europe is ever so proud as he that simplest insignia of personal bravery from the fron cross of the Swiss Guards, who defended the French Tuiller- ies, up to the proudest and most sacred, but simplest of them all, the bronze cross es- tablished by Queen Victoria. Verily, Eng- land and the United States, in this par- ticular, may be said to lead the world, for countries some qualification or In England, any brave feldier may receive the Victoria cross, as im the United States any brave sold: y receive the medal of homer. eid The U. S. Medals of Honor. The law authorizing the issuance of these medals of honor in the United States was passed in 1862, providing that the President “be and he is hereby author- ized to cause two thousand medals of honor to be prepared with suitable em- blematic devices, and to direct that the same be presented an the name of Con- gress to such non-commissioned officers and privates as shail most distin ‘ guish themselves by their gallantry in action sildier-like ualities ent insurrection.” ‘The sum of 440,00 Was appropriated to carry out the pro- visions of this law, and, as will be seen. at that time there was thought only of re- Warding and encouraging enlisted men. The year following, however, the additional sum of $20.0” was appropriated and the law so amended as to provide for the is- ce of medais of honor to officers as well. When the time came for adopting the Style and substance of the proposed new medal of honor the United States, like Ergland and Germany and several other foreign governments, including little Switz- erland, sought to divest its bravery medal of ali intrin: value. The Romans had set the example vaken chaplet, and Germany, Russia, Switzerland and others had selected iron, so that it was but natural that the United States in IN62 should adopt the English pattern of bronze, first made six years be- fore. Of Inferior Workmanship. While the device for the medal of honor Was as artistically conceived doubtless as any other similar medal in the world in point of workmanship, it must be confess- ed without the least disrespect to be the poorest of all. With the money first ap- propriated 2,000 medals were struck, and .f-| afterward, when the additional appropria- coun-| Non was made, 8,000 more medals were molded. The total cost of these 10,000 medals was $24.000, or a cost of $2.40 per medal. Had the fact been realized at the time that in over thirty years after the passage of the medal of honor law than 2.000 medals would be required doubt- less fewer medals would then have been purchased at greater cost. But not even the whole amount appropriated was used, for in 1874 about $4.50 was covered into away in the War Department, which, if “| the spirit of the law is maintained, it will , require more than a hundred years to ex- haust. The rules governing the award of these medals are intended to be most stringent, and although there may have been some departures from the prescribed standard of merit it is safe to say that there has been less political interference or favoritism re- garding them than anything which the so-called vox populi could tmpel politicians or other persons in authority to indulge in respecting other governmental institutions. They are the heritages of brave soldiers only, and can be merited only by con- spicuous acts of personal bravery on bat- tle flelds. If the roll of honor of the United States should be examined today it would be found to compare favorably with that | of any other nation. For Brave Deeds. In fact, if one will read over the certifi- leates upon which medals of honor have been awarded he will learn lessons of val- erous heroism which challenge mankind in every age to excel. A private soldier obtaining permission to grasp the enemy's standard from the very mouth of guns belching forth death and destruction— another broken-legged corporal under fire carrying his mortally wounded captain off the battle field that he might be nursed in some quiet shade—the musician Jad who rushes in front of his troop to sound the charge in the face of threaten=i death— the drummer boy -vho is shot down while | beating the advance—the young West Point | fledgling who amid ploughing ballets res- cues the negro soldier whose body is al- ready nearly lifeless—the gallant captain who rides his horse over the enemy's breastworks—the gallant staff-major who when his general is killed rallies the flee- ing ranks and makes a successful charge upon the enemy—the daring cclonel whose horse being killed and his own body bathed in blood from a bullet wound that well nigh severed his jugular artery, leading his regi- ment to drive back the enemy—all these, lke hundreds of others, command the ap- rome and gratitude of a preserved na- jon. The Namber of Medals Issued. The last list printed by the War Depart- ment in 1886 showed that 1,147 medals of honor had been issued. Of this number 860 medals were awarded in bulk on January 24, 1865, to the various regiments of the twenty-seventh Maine infantry, who, though their term of enlistment had ex- pired, volunteered on July 1, 1863, to remain in service in the deadly battle of Getty burg. A solder of a New Jersey regiment had a medal similarly awarded him, and the captain, two Neutenants and a dozen first sergeants who acted as escorts to the remains of President Lincoln from Wash- ington to Springfield, Il, were each, by a most eccentric interpretation of the law, granted a medal of honor for the distine- tion. Deducting these 8735 medais from the up to 1886 it 2 medais of honor will be found that oniy 2° | for individual acts of bravery were granted, and even from that number might be de- ducted a dozen or more awarded for gen- eral service throughout the wa Since 1886 many more medals have been issued, as will be shown by the official list, now being prepared at the War Department. The total to date number 1,822. Of these a large majority were {ssued to volunteer soldiers in the ranks. Indeed, an examina- tion of the published records show that, with the exception of a few colonels, ma- jors, captains and lieutenants, the great bulk of medals of honor were besiowed upon enlisted men, sergeants, corporals and privates. Notwithstanding the fact that proportionately more oificers thar men are killed on battlefields, whatewer heroism an officer displays tn battle, rule, is regarded only as duty formed and entitled to no special reward. Strange as it may seem, if one should examine the regular army honor list in the official army register for the curreat year he will find only about 105 names enrolled. About forty of these are names of officers on the active and retired list of the army. It will also be found that the names ef but three general officers on the active list ap- pear, and when Gen. Howard retires next fall and Gen. Schofield retires next year Major General Miles, who will then be commanding the army of the United States, will be the only general officer on the tive list of the regular army who will have the right to wear the medal of honor, un- less meanwhile other generals now in the service may be awarded them. In fact, it took twenty-nine years for the government to realize that Gens. Schofield and Miles were entitled to the medals, which were awarded them in the closing months of President Harrison’s administration. An- other fact noticeable in examining the reg- ular army list at the present time, twice the number of medals owned by officers on the active list today are worn by enlisted men, and nearly four-fifths of all the medale included on the regular army list today have been issued for deserving acts per- formed since the surrender at Appomat- tox. Under the rules establishei by the War Department it would be 4irtlicult now for any person who served in the civil war to obtain a medal for any act done during that period, because the evidence of living witnesses 1s required. Indeed, it is announced there ts a half formed decision in the minds of War De- partment officials that it is about time to stop the issue of medals for acts performed thirty years ago. There are, of course, in- stances which might arise at any time to demand favorable action, as, for example, the rule being that no person should origi- nate the application for a medal of honor for himself. The general and private alike, however deserving of recognition he may be, must necessarily be compelled to wait for the discovery of his just claims, how- ever tardy that might be. Under the law the President of the United | 6reen in th aa a of the simple and valucless | ae oe | dhrayman that done States is presumed to be vested wit! authority for the issue of these wreaakee woe as a matter of fact, the President, in later years at ieast, has had no voice whatever in the matter, and usually gets his knowl- edge of the award of the medal of honor from the published account of it. The meth- od established in years past has been to submit the application, after various ex- aminations and reports of the commanding general and other war office officials, to the Secretary of War, who makes the order for the issue, and then, after a due requisition is made for the medal, it is appropriately inscribed and presented to the deserving Party. At any rate, it ought to be pleasing to the ambitious citizens of this country to know that 8,000 medals of honor, the equal in importance and distinguished honor to any decoration in the world, are now await- ing 8,000 heroes to come forth and claim them. Who those heroes will be time alone can tell. —_—__ OLD PATRICK'S DAYS Mr. Dooley Recounts Some of the Splendors . of the Past. Something About the Vagaries of Dempsey’s Horse—Great Days Those Were, Great Days. From the Chicago Evening Post. When Mr. McKenna came in Friday night he fovnd his friend Mr. Dooley jac- ing up and down and arouad the stove and very much in front of the big mirror, at- tired in the full regalia of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, or as they ure famil- farly termed in Archey road, the “A-ah Ohaitches.” ‘This regalia consists first and topmost of a stovepipe hat with a very tall, straight crown. The narrower the brim the better. Allied with the stovepipe hat is the long black frock coat and « white bow cravat. Over the shoulders and drooping down the breast is a zreen scarf. By the depth of the green even the tnexpert eye can detect the length of the wearer's ser- vice in the A. ©. H. It is a very light "s scarf and Mr, Dooley’s color was almost white, “A-ho,” said Mr. McKenna. “So you're going to march.” “Faith, I am not,” said Mr. Dooley, sadly. “Me legs is more fit these days fr mat- trisses thin f'r cobblestones an’ I niver cud shtand to ride in a carriage an’ smoke @ Seegaar. I was just thryin’ thim on.” Whereupon Mr. Dooley toddled into the back room and put the uniform away. He laid the green scarf vetween two sheets of paper and folded the trock coat lengthwise in the middle and spread it gently over the scarf. Then he got out a paper and when he had dropped a handful of to- bacco into the hat to keep off the moths he put the hat in the box and the box in the safe. Then he closed safe and trouk and sighed and blew his nose on the corner of his apron. a rovtpmagnd days is over,” he said. “But mind ye, Jawn, t w: la-ad, whin I'd me aowe sheer iv sbeayint at home—oh me, oh my! "Lis not ike it was, Jawn. In thim days th’ pollyticians had dam’d little to do with th’ sat craig pan 22 Se, wih perenne ‘Twas on’y Pathrick’s Gay on th’ Wist Side an’ we liked it all th’ bether, fr bein’ so far fr’m down town we laned, d'ye to th’ Wist side. I inind th’ last time t ma’arched dam well. We rondyvoozed at Randolph shtreet where th’ German min sell th’ cabsidges an’ carrots that they dhrag in ivry mornin’ frm their farms i South Wather shtreet. An’ Dan O'Hare he was th’ ma-arshal, an’ grand he luked on a big gray horse, with « rid, white an’ blue badge across th’ stummick iv him am” @ feather in his hat a ya-urd long an’ his horse backin’ into th’ crowd. Thin they was th’ ass-istant ma-arshals, with Lute shticks with ribbons all over thim, an’ wey man iv thim on hor-rseback. “They used to have th’ ‘ells own time with th’ hor-rses. By gar, I niver laughed so much in me life as whin I see Dorsey, ta” th’ haulio’ fr th’ ga- as-wurruks,comin’ down th’ shtreet on waa. iv his own plugs. Did ye iver see a hor-rse_thryin’ to sprint? Oh, dear, dear. Ye see they was a lot iv Wextf men shtandin’ at th’ coraer iv Monte shtreet an’ Des-plaines, an’ Juicy had e' gredge again Dorsey, an’ whin he come along at a walk with th’ jnray hor-rse shtickin’ out its neck at ivry shtep Ike wan iv thim pelicans in th’ pa-ark, thim Wex- ford fellows sa: “Where'd ye get th’ cha- arger, Dorsey’ they says. “He thinks he have a load iv coke at his tail” ‘Get 8p.” says Dorsey, to show off. ‘Get ap,” he saya, beltin’ th’ hor-rse with his lice sheick Whin a dhray hor-rse sprints he dunt go anny faster for'ard, but he goes tike “ell and down. ‘Well, sir, Dorsey's hat flew an’ he Ghropped his shtick an’ whin he come to where th’ crowd was at shtreet lo an’ behold th’ bussam iv his white shirt flew out like a shingle an’ there he was, by dad, befure tin thousand people, ye might say in his rid flannel undbershirt. Ye see th’ white shirt was on'y a luff, Jawn. There was nawthin’ to it but the bussum. Mrs. Dorsey was in th’ crow! an’ she yells out: ‘Ye big omadhon,’ she says. ‘I tould ye it wudden’t stay,’ says she. Roky f didn’t ye button it on? she says, “be- Ww, ‘Thin Hinnisy’s hor-rse run away with Hinnisy an’ jumped the fince into the brothers’ school ya-ard in Des-plaines shtreet an’ Sarsfield Hogan's hor-rse he had the colic an’ coughed Hogan into th’ basement iv e Chinese laundhry. But th’ worst iv all happened to Dempsey, th’ house mover. He got excited an’ give th” wr-rong ‘get ap’ an’ th’ ol’ hor-rse begun walkin’ ‘round an’ Iiftin’ his feet, Ike as Th half an hour thryin’ get Dimpsey’s hor-rse f'r to go shtraight ahead instead iv in a circle. Thin Billy Nevins’ band be- gun to play ‘Th’ Wearin’ tv th’ Green,’ an” Cap'n Hinnisy he says to th’ Clanna-Gael to guar-ris, he say ‘Right chowlder chift ar-rms’ an’ Father Macchew's Timperance Band come out iv Brinnan’s saloon an’ thtarted up that there ‘Norma’: ma-arch an’ th’ Zouaves got in line, an’ th’ St. Vincent de Paul Sossiety an’ th’ Knights iv St. Pathrick, with white gloves, an’ th’ A-ahohaitches tin thousand shtrong am? away we wint with all th’ girls wavin’ their hankerchiefs an’ all th’ min shout- in’ an’ all th’ little boys ma-archin’ along beside us. An’ up on th’ church stips was th’ sogearths an’ their frinds an’ all along Des-plaines shtreet ye cud see nothin’ but green ribbons an’ rosetces, shtreet an’ Bloo Island the Jesu-ite Church, an’ counter ma-arch an’ dosedo till we was covered with dust an’ dhry an’ happy. A-ho, ho, Jawn, thim was th’ times.” n you don’t march ‘ou're an Orangeman,” Dook iv av’noo an’ past Jawn, A-aho- ia second Mr. row the By hivins, Pl wa-alk to go on me hands and knees. watch fir th’ haitches, guide right I will that.” Hogan's fa-ac From Trath. “Oh, it's going to be a ood play—just abounds in situations. But I haven't found @ name to suit me yet.” “You might call it the Intellit - — Overwrought Imagination. From Life. ave Office.”