Evening Star Newspaper, September 23, 1893, Page 12

as a eee ee ee tay be, PASS TO OP IUM JOINT. HITTING THE PIPE. How Chinamen Enjoy Their Opium, To Which They Are Slaves. SORES IN AN OPIUM JOINT. ‘What a Star Man Saw Among The Celestials. SVILS OF THE DRUG. THAD BEEN A hard day for Sing Wah.. With lots of washee and no rest during the last twelve hours it was a great relief to him to stand out in the doorway of his laundry shop and gaze dreamily at the bit of the world that went im procession past his place. Sing is one of the hardest working Chinamen tn far defers to American as to make a cigar the leisure. A man who gets work before day break in order that the may have clean linen {s surely to a quiet smoke and a little period far niente—whatever that may be Chinese. there is something more than repose the expression of John’s countenance. It even more than ordinary drowsiness. the cigar which he smokes has a pe- odor. It is sickish sweet in its per- and the truth of the matter is that smoker has by a very delicate bit of ter work so arranged a reed imside it he can enjoy tobacco and opium simul- it this pastime soon loses {ts pleasure. tobacco simply serves as a dilution and Jongs for “quicker action.” It is only few steps to another Chinese habitation, Pipe \ ea Pipe “f3 Opium! Smoker's Set. @ laundry, where the favorite m of his class may be freely en- Thither he bent nis way and disap- through a sliding partition was from all interruption from the un- ted world. ‘The Star reporter attempted to fol- Yow bim_ two Celestials made their appear- nce and hotly wanted to know what was ted. jothing tn particular,” was the reply. “You want nothing, whata you doin’ P* said one. Want to smoke some optum,” ‘effered as the most reasonable reply. wa broad grin ‘lighting ‘up. his taway a is p his tawny “All Uitte. Where you pass?” explanation to the effect that the pass been forgotten was all to no purpose. was @ case of no pass, no opium. But even in a case like this a Chinese Gatgmen is very susceptible to the flat- of the American dollar, whose ac- @uatntance he came sd far to make, pro- . @ little preliminary friendship and be established, and a pass was in time. It was on yellow paper, ‘written over with black ink, and bearing a gmall seal in red ink. It’ was carefully scrutinized at the door. and it was very e omission of a v cht would have invalidated i. "7 “NS! Im the Joint. ‘The smoking room was situated in a base- ment, which was reached by a narrow stairway. The manner in which the en- trance to this stairway was disguised was ® model of cunning ingenuity. A large tea box had been made without a bottom and ‘was securely fastened over the entrance in he floor. On lifting the lid and unfasten- Ang one side it was an easy thing to rea He tairmay, In order to complete te false bottom had been constructed Dut @ few inches from the top, and this Was entirely hidden from view by several Poumls of loose tea. Thus, in case of the lace being raided, the officers would nd ‘on lifting the lid that the box was uppar- ‘ently filled with tec. ‘The basement was quite dark, the only A being from severai Chinese lanterns here and there. Four large trunks of wood and covered with the mat- ‘were the only furnishings in the room, Feclining on these were a dozen China Ber is all stages of opium intoxication. colored light thrown by the lanterns on the pale faces of the men made up a ‘ierdly fascinating scene. From time to time a hideous, metallic Yaugh, perhaps a response to the jest of some friendly dream-demon, would come from a corner of the room. There on a Bunk lay two smokers with bamboo pillows nder their heads, a little tin box of $BiE™ @ lighted lamp, and a pipe between ‘The pipe had a large clay bowl with a mall orifice and a bamboo stem eight aches long. One of the smokers dipped a {wire ito the opium paste, took up a i jet Corner. Wlobule the size of a pea, put it over the G@rifice of the bowl and built up a small @himney of opium. He held it to the flame and drew the smoke through {t into the Jungs, letting it out through the nose. A | half dozen whiffs consumed the globule | dhe politely fxed the pipe again and | ded it to his companion for his turn. | Upstairs was « small room in whi { Raalf-a-dozen Chinamen sl tions imaginable, some re 3 or couches, others lying at full length on mats. This was where the Chinamen slept Of the effects of the drug How Opium is Prepared. The preparation of opium for such con- ‘sumption is a very simple process. The | @rug ts first reduced from a solid to a liquid | state by boiling it in water. When ready for the pipe it is about the color and con- | sistency of tar. It is thus prepared put up M@™ Mttle tin boxes by the dealers, being | robber chief brought from India to China in the solid cake. So powerful is the narcotic that the hundredth part of unce is enough to intoxicate a beginner/ though an old stager can stand a quarter of an ounce. If the drug is used regularly at a certain hour every Gay the smoker ii\a short time can- not get past that hour Without his pipe. He becomes nervous, feverish and endures terrible torture. If he takes a few whiffts of opium he ts once more one of the hap- piest of mortals. Once form the habit, and Mke the contract between Faust and, the devil, there is no breaking off. It i# an expensive luxury; one in which the very poor fortunately ‘cannot indulge. It coste an inveterate smoker about $5 a month, and the vice in a short time leads to list- lewsness, indolence, neglect of business and a death more horrible than that caused by delirium tremens. The Chinese have a taying that the opium smokers made the night day and the day night. It {s a study to watch the coming on of the happy feeling when he enters the foitit. The opium-devil, as the Chinese call him, is haggard and ‘woe-begone, the hanker is on him, he ts restless and miser- able. A few whiffs and he feels invigor- ated. A few more and he is happy; another turn and he is silly. He has a countenance now which 1s a good tounterpart of the drunken Bacchus, excavated from the ruins of a temple in Athens. He grins, screws up his eyes, giggles, makes funny faces, laughs, not broadly with legitimate humor, but in a manner that is purely maudlin. Another pull at his pipe and he is down in his paradise among the gods and flowers. He will be happy awhile, but there is a hell beyond with tortures un- utterable. Optam tn Cigarettes. It is a known fact that cigarettes invaria- bly contain certain narcotic poisons, each brand containing a percentage of the same or different variety of narcotics. Opium is the one most generally used, while Indian hemp, atrophia, and others are frequently used. After becoming habituated to the narcotic in thétr favorite brand, the “‘cigar- ette flend” will use no other. Cigarette smoking is, in fact, but another form of “hitting the pipe,” as optum smoking ts termed. The almost universal desire for sOme stimulant or narcotic by the human race is illustrated by the remarkable in- crease in the sale of opium in its various forms in prohibition states, Strange as it may seem, The Star man learned from the proprietor of the oplum joint that at least 100 men and women of Washington are addicted to the opium habit, a number of them being of the higher classes. Opium smoking Is a vice less easy of de- tection than alcoholic intoxication, which it is sald to replace, where law and cu: tom have made the latter disreputable. Un- like alcohol, it does not induce vicious in- sanity, which so often leads to murder or suicide, but rather ends up in idiotic slug- gishness. Hasheesh. ‘This cannot be said of a drug called has- heesh, which is @ preparation of Indian hemp. It is used a great deal among the Ottomans. The leaves of this plant are cook- ed im honey to extract the active resinous | portion, and this they eat as we would gum @rops. The first smokers and eaters of has- heesh were called hasheeshins, from which our word “assassin” is derived, and the custom was first practiced in the days of the Crusaders by a powerful enemy of theirs called the Old Man of the Mountain. He obtained the most implicit obedience from many followers by supplying them with the drug. Its effect on the system is remarkable. While it allows its victim to be sensible to what is passing around, it in- tensifies sensations and enlarges and ex- pands to a most miraculous degree the ob- jects by which the person under its in- fluence {s surrounded. Thus a few yard! gn the habit of using this drug usually termi- Nnate their existence as lunatics, and since the French have had Algeria, their insane hospitals have been filled with the victims of hasheesh. Whatever we may say concerning the Chinese and thelr opium establishments, justice demands that we bear in mind the fact that the drug was forced upon them by the English. The historian marks its in- troduction into’ China as one of the saddest incidents of its history. in 1773, about the time that the people of Boston were throw- ing British tea into the harbor, the East India Company were disposing of their first small venture of opium at Canton. These men had found that a chest of oplum in Interior of a Den. the market of Canton was worth $%00, but in India, where the banks of the Ganges were more fertile, a chest could be obtain- ed for $100. Here was a chance for specu- lation; ho other product of India would yield 400 per cent profit. When the emperor found that the drug was demoralizing his subjects, he imme- diately prohibited {ts sale and use. Confis- cation of property and death were the pen- alties not only for those who sold but for those who-smoked the drug. Mitelt Sale. Notwithstanding these. prohibitory meas- ures, the consumption still increased; arm- ed English vessels were stationed in the Canton river, which supplied smuggler boats, also well armed and ready for battle with the Chinese war junks. Officials were bribed, mandarins conciliated, and the im- Perial laws set at defiance. It would not be altogether unreasonable for a Chinaman to assert that he had from the English some riking lessons in the art of law-evading, which Ah Sin now practices so astutely. The government at Pekin used every ef- fort to stop the sale, while the East India Company used every means to stimulate it. The English did not use their own men as smugglers, but as the rice crop had failed, and famine was prevalent, they employed Chinese coolles, poor, haif-starved wretches, who were willing to work at anything to keep soul and body together. The Chinese authorities, when fortunate enough to catch smugglers, strangled them in front of the English factories. agers The Hoy King and the Briga: From the London Standard. The meeting between the robber chief Dragics and the young king of Servia, men- tioned in “The Standard” yesterday, was a far more romantic affair than as originally | reported. The king, attended by a strong escort, went for a drive on Saturday over the weil-wooded mountains to Usicze, when suddenly a man armed to the teeth darted out of the dense forest, and holding out a pistol stopped the horses of the king’s car- | riage. This was ail done so quickly that there was no time for any one to be able to prevent the man shooting at the king had he really meant mischief. Before the escort and suite, however, had sufficiently collect- ed themselves to seize the man, he threw away his weapon, and, sinking on his knee, exclaimed: “My lord and king, I am the ragics, upon whose head thy a8 set a price of three thou- nes. Up to the present they have n able to catch me. Now I volun- lay my life in thy hands. king was much startled, and gave elzed by the royal escort, should Mberated, but told him to go and give next gendarmerie, adding Worn nerves unstrong and heals that a Wise women Bromo-Seltzer take. THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1893—SIXTEEN PAGES. SENATOR-DETECTIVE. Mr. White Relates Some of His Ex- periences With Chinamen, HE HAS FOUGHT AND DEFENDED THEM. Every Mongolian Will Steal, Lie and Perjure Himself. SWEARING BY CONTRACT. HEN THE SENATE. has to consider the ‘Chinese question, and that is only a matter Of days or weeks at the most, Senator White will tell the Senators some of his personal experiences with Ah Sin. Mr. White can speak by the card when he talks of the Chinese, for he is one of the few representative men from California who was born in the state and has spent all of his life there. In the practice of the law Mr. White has come much in contact with Chinamen, both in their prosecution and in their defense. He has @ pretty thorough knowledge of their the man, who in the meantime | tricks and their manners, and he will give the Senate ® very interesting talk about em. Mr. White is fluent and forcible in speech, more forcible than precise. ‘His fluency he learned at the bar. He is a man of me- dium height, with strongly marked features and bair and beard touched with gray. He dresses usually in & plain business suit of mixed goods, wears a black slouch hat and is very apt to put his hands in hi pockets es he talks to you. Mr. White h: taken hold of his senatorial duties as he would undertake: the prosecution of any business enterprise. He is putting in not only his days, but his evenings, looking after the interests of his constituents. Un- like his colleague, Mr. Perkins, he does not get to the Capitol at 7:30 in the morning, but he makes up for this neglect at the other end of the day. Mr. White lives at the Ebbitt House. When I called on him there a few even- ings ago he was just going to the Capitol to meet his private secretary and take up some work which absence from the clty had caused him to neglect. So we walked up Pennsylvania avenue together, while the Senator told me something of his personal experience with the Chinese. He Knows Chinamen Thoreughly. “I know the Ghinamen pretty thorough- ly,” he said, “for I was born in California, and I have been in contact with them all my fe. Then I have been practicing law tm my state since I was twenty-one, and I am forty now. and for two years of that time I was district attorney in Los Angeles, the second largest county in the state. I have known a great many Chinamen, and I will venture to say that there is not one of them who would not le or who would not perjure himself if he thought he could gain anything by it. There is not one of them, I believe, who would not steal. Why, a Chinaman will lie when tt would serve his interest better to tell the truth. He seems to think that when he tells the truth he is getting on dangerous ground. I ha taken cases for Chinamen—when I was a great deal younger in my profession than I am now—and sometimes when my client has had a good case I have had the great- est difficulty persuading him to testify to the facts. “A case of assauft and battery that I prosecuted {ilustrates the Chinese charac- ter. I did not often handle simple misde- meanor cases, but in this one the judge asked me to come in because he had an in- timation that there was to be some pretty contradictory swearing. The case was that of a Chinaman who had been beaten with @ club by another Chinaman. His skin showed the effects of the beating. He looked as though he had been through a coffee mill. The Chinaman who had been beaten belonged to one of the Six Compa- nies—the defendant belonged to another. ‘The complainant had six witnesses, who testified to the material facts of the as- sault, which they had seen. Then the de- fendant took the stand and flatly contra- dicted this testimony. He had been in another part of the city, he said, when the assault was committed. “Six other Chinamen took the stand and testified substantially as the defendant did —that he was at some distance from the scene of the assault at the time it occurred. Fortunately, there was one white witness, a reliable man, who saw the assault, and on whose testimony we obtained a conviction. On inquiry, .we found that the six China- men who testified for the defendant be- longed to the company of which he was a member. They were literally swearing by contract.” I asked the Senator if it was not singular that Chinamen would testify against each other in a white man’s court. Will Stand Together Againat White Men. “It is only against each other that they will testify,” he said. “Against the white man they all stand together. You take a case where a Chinaman is accused of kill- ing a white man and none of them know anything at all. When they are in contro- versy' with each other they stick to the members of thelr own company. I had a murder case when I was prosecuting attor- ney which illustrates another peculiarity of their methods. A Chinaman had been killed with a long knife used in restaurants, sometimes called a butcher knife and some- times a bread knife. The white man who owned the restaurant identified the knife and also identified a Chinese cook of his as the custodian. We hunted out this cook. He was In hiding, but we got him at last. We traced the knife to a place very near where he was found. At the trial two Chinamen who belonged to the same com- pany as the deceased testified that they saw the accused and another Chinaman run at the deceased and make a lunge at him, and that they saw the deceased fa I need not go into the particulars of tl testimony. We convicted the man and he was sentenced to be hung. But the judge decided on an appeal that a certain ruling which he had made was unjust, and he gave the man a new trial. When T came to try him I looked for my witnesses, but they were nowhere tobe found. 1 got out sub- poenas for them and set the detective force at work, but we could not find them any- where. Then I détermined to look into the matter personally. I had done a little de- tective work from time to time in Chinese cases. I was a pretty vigorous prosecutor. So I went to one or two of the leading Chinamen in the city and made inquiries. I said to them: ‘Of course I know that if you people have determined that I shall not convict this man, there is no use in my go- ing ahead. Now tell me frankly just how the matter stands.’ Well, one of them, after hesitating for a long time, told me finally that the companies had settled the case. The company to which the deceased belonged had appraised his value at $1,000. ‘The company to which the murde-er be- longed had paid the $1,000 and the case was settled. And so it was. From that day to this nothing has been seen of the witnesses for the governmen.” ‘Senator White has no very firm belief in the conversion of Chinamen to Christianity. He said so very forcibly, and he illustrated his disbelief with a personal experience. Flexible Christianity. There s a Chinaman in Los Angel he said, “who spoke very good English ani who was very useful around the courts as an interpreter. He had learned his Engilsh in 2 Sunday school—that is probably what he went there for; that is the object of ninety-nine in @ hundred of them. One day he told me that he was going back to China. He said that he had plenty of money in China now, and that he would probably re- main there. ‘But,’ I said to him, ‘Sam, you are a Christian. What are you going to do about that when you get back to China” He smiled. ‘Of course, I am a good Chris- tian here,” he said. ‘But in China religion 1s different. I am a Christian here, but when I get back to China I am not a Christian.’ I spoke to the Senator about the mar- |rlages of Chinamen to white women, which have been of rather frequent occurrence in the east in the last two or three years. “They are abnormal,” said the Senator. “They are prompted by the same spirit | that leads white women to send flowers to | murderers and sometimes even to marry them. A Chinaman regards his wife as so much property. I had a client once named Wong Ark. He owned considerable real estate and he frequently came to me to consult me about titles, and so forth. He married a China woman. One day she ran out of his house and fell on the side- walk in front of it, bleeding. With her dying breath she testified that her hus- band had shot her. He was tried twice and finally was convicted of either murder in the second degree or manslaughter. I think that he got ten years. He is in the peniten- tary now. In ‘the course of his trial it came out that he had been this wo- man to make for him; that he had been putting he? out to prostitution that she might bring him coin. And he festified that he had paid so much for her and that he consider her his property. Oh, almost any Chinaman will tell you that women are considered property by the Chinese and that they are bought and sold. You can get @ China woman for about $600.” I asked the Senator if he had ever been threatened by the Chinese or had ever been in danger from them. “I don’t want to talk about my own fear lessness,” he said with a laugh, “but I have gone ahead with my work and sald what I durn pleased and I have not been shot yet. Oh, the Chinaman ts not like the degraded of other races. He is not vin- dictive. He will not Me in wait for the man who prosecuted him to assault him. But he will go out and kill a man if he is told to do so without having any feeling at all against him. It is not at all an un- common thing for @ notice to be publicly Posted in Chinatown saying that a certain ineman is to . And the high- binders get him every time. _ They Will Not Assimilate. “T have not made a special study of the Chinese question,” said the Senator in an- swer to a question. “What I know about them I have learned by constantly coming in contact with them. When I was a school boy in San Francisco at sixteen I explored Chinatown. I have been in thelr places three and four stories below the street, and if you ever go there you will learn two things—that the Chinese are a very queer people and that you never want to go there again. They talk about our) assimilating the Chinaman. It has taken him centuries to school his stomach to be satisfied with almost nothing. It would take him as long, perhaps, to bring it back to the normal. And you must make a start some time, and the Chinaman has not started yet. The Chinaman will live on what would kill a white man.” He will live in an atmosphere which you could not stand for forty-eight hours. By tens of centuries of discipline he has absolutely changed his physical conformation. He {s altogether different from the white man.” I asked the Senator if California could get along without a Chinaman—if cheap labor was not a necessity. “Our people seem to think that we could get along without him,” he sald. “We Voted on ‘that question specifically, and the vote was ten to one in favor of getting rid of him. It is ridiculous to say that the Chinese have been a necessary factor in making California what she is. They helped to bulld the railroads, but the raii- roads would have been built anyhow and the chief difference would have been that the money would have stayed in this coun- try instead of being sent to China. 1 be- Heve California would have been better off if we had never seen a Chinaman. I be- Heve that we would have more people and be more prosperous toda; report I spoke to the Senator about the which was then in circulation that the Chi- nese minister had assured Secretary Gresh- am that If the Chinese were given time they would now register under the Geary jaw, and that the Six Companies had agreed It. * said the at what I don’t understand ts why the United States government should have diplomatic relations with the Six Com- panies. The Geary law is all right, but the administration did not go about the en- forcement of It in the right way. Instead of simply notifying the district attorneys that there was no money to enforce it by deportation and that they would have to walt for an appropriation, they have tied the hands of the district ‘attorneys every- where. Now, I know that the district at- torney at Los Angeles would have liked to go to work and pick out the highbinders and the toughs among the Chinamen and have them deported when it was possible. But by this act of the Department of Jui tice the prosecution of these Chinamen has been left in private hands, and the people who are prosecuting are just as lable as not to pick out the wronf man.” | “Then there are good Chinamen?” i sald. Not an Unmixed Evil. “The presence of some Chinamen in Cal!- fornia is not an unmixed evil,” said the Sen- ator. “But what aggravates our people 1s the fact that the Chinese have openly defied our law. It was not an unjust law. It was not intended to drive the Chinamen out of the United States. It was simply intended to prevent other Chinamen coming in. It re- quired of the Chinese no more than I must do as an American citizen to preserve the purity of the ballot. I must register if I wish to vote and I must identify myself so as to prevent fraud at the polls, All that ts asked of the Chinaman ts that ge shall reg- ister and identify himself to prevent the commission of fraud. This he has refused to do and his defiance of our laws has hurt us in the eyes of other nations. All this talk about retaliation Is absurd. The Chinese know that if they attempted to do any harm to our people in China there are a good many thousand Chinamen in California who would be holocausted in short order. The Chinaman {s the cutest animal that ever Uved. ‘This tatk of retaliation is all a bluff. As we reached the Capitol the Senator turned and said: “The Chinaman ts a stolid, patient, laborious plece of humanity. He i as stolid as the American Indian. A China. man never cries out when he is in pain. A gentleman who saw a parricide kilied in China related the particulars to me. punishment for parricide is to be cut up alive, the cutting being done so as to pro- long the agony and postpone death as far a: possible, This getnleman told me that the knowledge which the executioner showed of human anatomy was something wonderful. But all the time that he was chopping away at his victim, slicing a piece off here and another there, the man never uttered a cry. And, by the way,” said the Senator, “did you ever see a Chinaman with one arm or one leg? I never have, and I never found anybody who has. Of course, a great many of them have been maimed if the course of their work on the railroads and it is my belief that the others kill them. “What brother Hoar and thése other Mas- sachusetts people need,” said the Senator, is a practical illustration. If they could have about a million Chinamen dumped among them and if about a quarter of the popula- tion of Massachusetts would get the scrof- ula from the Chinamen, I think they would | have a better idea of the Chinese than they have today,” was the Senator's parting shot as he turned tg enter the Capitol. GEORGE GRANTHAM BAIN, — _— Four Local British Parliaments, From London ‘Truth. I sincerely hope that the next general election will-result in an overwhelming ma- jority for home rule. But {t is obvious that, as sensible men, we must contemplate the possibility of the reverse happening. To take for granted that what we wish must occur ts only worthy of fools. What, then ought to be done? We ought to deciare ai once for home rule all round, and go to the election with this cry. In Ireland home rule {s a more pressing and immediate necessity than in the other parts of the United Kingdom, and while we should be prepared to grant self-govern- ment to Ireland, even if it be not desired by England, Scotland and Wales, yet we ought: to make it clear that our aim is to have four local parliaments, with one parliament sitting at Westminster, and limiting its functions to imperial matters. Should we win the election—-as I believe that we should with this program—it ought to be under- stood that we should proceed at once to sive effect to it. —_—_++__—__ ‘The Deficit Remained on Hand. From the Boston Home Journal. Principal—‘You had a deficit in the cash account yesterday. Has the error been dis- yes; but—not the “Say, if yers wanter be cul, just put a lump of Ice in each pocket.”"—Life. | | States. NO CREW NOR PORT. Fleet of Wrecks Now Drifting Of the Atlantic Coast. DANGERS 10 NAVIGATION. Strange and Weird Stories of Their Objectless Voyages. SOME FAMOUS “DERELICTS.” Written for The Evening Star. BRAND - NEW fleet of abandoned wrecks s afloat off . the Atlantic: coast of the United States. Greater danger to commerce could hardly be threatened by a hostile navy. Twenty vessels, de- serted off shore be- tween Florida and New York during the recent hurri- canes, are navigat- ing the ocean without guidance—some bot- tom up and others ere water-logged hulks, They are sailing on voyages which have no other port than Davy Jones’ lock- er. Meanwhile any craft that runs into them is doomed. It is reckoned that every year 2,172 ves- sels and 12,000 lives are lost in the com- merce of the world. The value of these ships and their cargoes is about $100,000,000. More wrecks occur now than ever before in history, notwithstanding modern tm- provements in ship building, light houses, buoys, &c., because the number of vessels afloat has increased so greatly. Durini the last five years 96 vessels were wreck on the Atlantic coast of North America. In the same region and period %7 Ger Hets—te., floating and abandoned craft— were reported. The worst derelicts are coal-laden and lumber-laden sifips. The latter float the longest, while the former are particularly dangerous because they are so heavy and solid. The average de- relict floats thirty days. To cross the ocean is a sort of gamble. It is Ike a lottery. Now and then one strikes a prize or a derelict. Then there ig another added to the record of missing ships gone to sea and never, heard of afterwards. The wonder is that such ac- ¢ldents so seldom occur. The ocean grey- hounds, each bearing the population of a Bood-sized town, rush across the waste of water like railway trains, not pausing for storms nor slacking the pace on ac- count of fogs. Until within the last few years the time by rail from Chicago to San Francisco was five days. That 1s about 440 miles a day. The fast ocean Uner makes 600 miles a day. A Dereiict Destroyer Wanted. The hydrographic office wants an appro- Priation from Congress for th: butlding of @ vessel of about 8 tons, especially for blowing up, otherwise destroying or bring- ing derelicts into ‘port. Such a craft would have to be very strong, with unusually large and staunch boats, because thelr ser- vices would be required most urgently arter #torms. 1t has been suggested that the ships of the navy might ind good torpedo practice at the expense of derelicts. Two years ago the Navy Department sent the Yantic to destroy twelve wrecks which lay along the Atlantic coast. She found them all and blew them into kindling wood. ‘The usual method is to approach a water-logged hulk in a steam launch, drop over the stump of a mast a hoop of iron with torpedoes at- tached and then fire the torpedoes from a safe distance by electricity. This sort of amusement is considered great sport by the midshipmen. ‘The North Atlantic is the chosen drifting ground of such foating perils. ‘Timber traders bound from this coast to Europe encounter cyclones on the way and are de- serted by dozens. The vessels used in that traffic are commonly of an antiquated .type and so rotten that only good luck keeps them on top of the water. Happy are the crews to be taken off when they meet with disaster, before they- are drowned or forced to cannibalism, as in the case of the Thekla of Philadelphia, reported a few months ago. Now and then it happens that somebody finds @ derelict with a valuable cargo and tows her into port, netting a large sum in salvage. The most remarkable instance of this sort was that of a British ship called the Resolute, which was one of three ves- sels sent to find Sir John Franklin. During the winter of 1M she was nipped in the ice of Melville bay—the great sheet of water crossed the other day by Peary—and was abandoned. Four years later she was found by a New England whaler, frozen in a fioe and practically uninjured. She was brought to New London and Congress bought her for $200.00) from the salvors. After being thoroughly repaired she was sent to Eng- land as a gift and token of amity to her majesty. Years later, when she was finally condemned and broken up, the queen had a desk made from her timbers and made it a present to the President of the United Mr. Cleveland uses it for his work every day at the White House. Fortunate Escapen. When a ship strikes a derelict the oc- currence is not reported, usually, because no witnesses are left alive to tell the tale. But there have been cases where vessels have had the luck to hit such hulks and to escape destruction. Only last year the de- serted “Fred B. Taylor" was cut. squarely in two by the North German Lloyd steam- ship “Trave.” For many months the bow and stern of the abandoned craft floated about separately in the track of commerce, the former 1 ng an extraordinary ap- pearance with bowsprit standing imost perpendicular. Thus two derelicts were made out of one. In April, 1889, the steam- er “Cuban” of Liverpool ran into a water- logged hulk in 38 north latitude, 66 west longitude, cutting into it thirteen feet. Happily, she escaped with small damage. More ‘than three-fourths of all derelicts along the Atlantic coast of the United States are created by storms off Cape Hat- teras, and from that neighborhood most of them start on their strange and objectless voyage. Usually they drift eastward until they get about half way across the ocean, when they pause and swing aimlessly about in circles. Out in the middle of the wide seas it is everybody's business to destroy them, and therefore nobody's. So float about until they sink. Many of them find their way into the Sargasso sea, which has been described as a “graveyard of ships.” That vast field of growing marine plants, in-which many qteer species of fishes and other animals dwell, lies in a sort of eddy made by the great revolving ocean current, Finding their way into this vor- tex, the wrecks go round and round until they no longer have sufficient buoyancy to keep them on the surface. Then they dis- appear. Keeping Track of Wrecks. During the historic blizzard of March, 1888, 138 vessels were wrecked off the coast of the United States north of Hatteras. ‘The crop of derelicts then was even bigger than the present one. Whenever such aban- doned hulks are come across by mariners the latter report the facts to the hydro- graphic office at Washington, giving the latitude and longitude. Messages of this kind have been arriving in great numbers during the last few days. As fast.as they are received they are made note of on @ big blackboard, which is inscribed with an outline map of the North Atlantic ocean. ‘The position of each derelict is indicated by a pin stuck into the board and thrust at the same time through a square scrap of paper. On the paper ls inscribed in red ink the name of the deserted craft, if it is known, together with a minute picture in outline showing the attitude of the vessel, whether bottom-up, sunk at the stern or what not. These little pictures will be re- produced on the next pilot chart, a month- ly publication, each of them pointing out the situation in which that particular dere- lict was last seen. Nobody can tell how’ many of the t numbers of good ships which have sdiled away, never to be hear@ from again, have been ‘victims of derelicts. For several months during the early part of this year an abandoned hulk called the Axnes Man- ning lay in the very track of the trans- oceanic flyers. She was a four-masted schooner from Philadelphia carrying 940 tons of coal. On February 2% she was de- serted, with her masts standing and sails furled: Her ‘crew was rescued, but the floating vessel remained a menace to thou- sands of lives. There would’ have been very Uttle hope for the strongest steamship that struck such an object. It is thought exceedingly lkely that the lost steamer Naronic was sunk by a dere- lict. When a ship is missing It commonly happens that some person will set afloat bottles, out of a spirit of malicious mis- chief, containing papers qupposed to have been written by officers or passengers be- longing to the craft telling a tale of fire at sea or of starvation in boats. The bottles are picked up, and the forged news they contain fills many hearts’ with distress and grief. Burning for a Year. An extraordinary instance of the burning of a vessel was that of the Ada Iredale, bound from Scotland to San Francisco with &@ cargo of coal, She was abandoned in October, 1878, nearly 2,000 miles east of the Marquesas Islands. Her crew took to the boats’ and succeeded in reaching the. Mar- Quesas. Meanwhile the wreck, still burn- ing, drifted westward in the equatorial current to Tahiti, a distance of 2,43 mites. Finally she was towed into port and her cargo continued to smoulder for more than a year. However, she was repaired even- tually and ts now engaged in the China e. On January 11, 182, the Colombo D, not far from Bermuda, saw a vessel three miles over the starboard bow. The stranger was a three-master, square rigged. When sig- naled she returned no answer. She scemed to be steering erratically, with all sails set. She was approached so close that the name on her stern, “Hutchins Bros., Nova Scotia,” was easily read, but there was no sign of life on her deck. The superstitious sailors refused to board her, thinking that there was something uncariny about her. The Colombo D stayed by all night, th skipper desiring to investigate the mystery, but in the morning, though it had been al mont dead calm, the three-master had van- ished from the face of the ocean. The crew of the Colombo D were terrified, be- lieving that they had seen the phantom ship, and they thought they would never reach port alive, However, they got to land all right and learned that. the “Hutchins Bros."" had been deserted when about. to sink by her men, who were picked up. ‘Thi case was quite similar to the celebrated one of the Marie Celeste, which was found in the Mediterranean under full sail with- out @ soul on board, though nothing ap- parently was the matter with her and the fire in the galley stove was lighted. That mystery was never solved. ‘The vessel was towed into Genoa and was’ scuttled years afterward in the Gulf of Mexico for the in- surance. ; The drifts of some of these derelicts are astonishing. One of the most remarkable was that of the schooner W. L. White, abandoned in the great blizzard’ of 185s, Her track formed a picturesque feature of the pilot charts for ‘many months. From March to November she was reported by thirty-six Vessels. In a crutse of ten months she traversed a distance of more than 5,000 miles, eventually going ashore on one of the Hebrides. ‘The American schooner Wyer G. Sargeant drifted about the ocean for two years, covering 6,50) miles. She was loaded with $20,000 worth of mahogany, She was sighted” thirty-four times and traversed the whole Atlantic, from the west to the east coast and from the Azores to Newfoundland. Lumber-Laden Hulks. Sallors are frequently thoughtful enough to set fire to ships when they desert them, in order that they may not become derelicts, This was done in the case of the schooner “L. P..” which set sail from St. John's for New Bedford with a cargo of lumber. While still wrapped in flames she -went ashore on Nanset Beach, and the people made great efforts to put ‘her out-in order to save the lumber, though in vain. But the most dane Serous lumber derelict—in fact the most per- lous object ever set ufloat—was the famous Jogging ratt, which ‘started from the Bay of Fundy for New York some years ago. it Was composed of 2.00) great tree trunks, bound together with iron chains, and tt Weighed 11,00 tons. ‘The hawwers by which it-was towed partel in a hurricane, aitd the raft went to pieces south of Nantucket. Fer many months the logs were reported, scat- tered over a great part of the North Atlan. tie. ‘The pilot charts during that. period Were thickly speckled. with’ them. ‘They hever did any harm, as was feared, There is an average of about thirty wrecks floating at all times in the North Atiantie, Most of them are usually found in the metele borhood of Cape Hatteras. Some of them zigzag back and forth across the paths of the trans-oceantc liners. It is a marvel how few accidents they cause. If so many stray elephants were constantly wandering about in the neighborhood of the railway’ tracks whicheconnect New York with Chicago the danger would be somewhat aalogours Narrow escapes are often made. One such was had by the American bark Neptune At about 2 a.m. on a dark night she was flying along before a stiff easterly wind, The sky was overcast and It was impossl- see more than a short dis ead. Suddenly the Jookout cried: aaa “A wreck! Dead ahead! helint Hard down tte ees rough the darkness the dim black form of a derelict quickly showed Itself, the bean sprit pointing upward, with a mass of spars and cordage outlined against the gloomy sky overhead. There was no meane at lessening the speed of the Neptune before a collision might occur. ‘The question of life and death depended on the way in which she answered her helm. The bark escaped, but by so clone a shave that her crew mon, not to this day comprehend how she did It teas ix caste HOW TO KEEP A HUSBAND. Have Tact, Have Tact, and Evermore Have Tact, Is the Rule. From the New York World A wife may combine the personal appear- ance of the lamented Helen of Troy, the intellectual attainments of the extremely intellectual Minerva and the wifely devo- tion of the renowned Penelope, but unless she adds ‘to ¢hese unfailing tact they will Profit her nothing. Or, as Mme. de Stael tersely put it: “It 1s the woman who pos- sesses more tact than love who retains the devotion of a man.” Fortunately tact can be acquired. One woman whose school was an unhappy, “nagging” first marriage, and who is putting what she learned there into practice in a gloriously successful second one, tells how she manages. “First, above all things,” she says, ‘T have interestel myself in those thinks which interest my husband. That does not mean that I ply him with questions, but I have always been a good listener. 1 learned years ago that when a man wanu to tell anything he will do so without questioning, and that rething annoys him More than’ to be urged to tell when he doesn't want to. Another important thing is that 1 never contradict him. I simply acquiesce, and then afterward use my own judgment in the matter and do as I think best. Then I regard it as a positive duty to make myself as attractive in his eyes as 1 possibly can, It is @ comparativery easy thing to catch a husband, but an entirely different matter to keep him, and nothiug disgusts a man sooner than ‘to learn that the girl who charmed him by her dainti- | ness and attractiveness has developed trto a wife who affects wrappers and curl- papers. And, lastly, I do not let.a simple division of opinion Increase to such bre- portfons that a divorce sult looms up in the distance. Tact iy so strong in this Woman that she can, although possessed of exquisite tast smile approval upon her husband's car- buncle cuff-buttons rather than destroy the pleasure he takes in them. Her expression of fond pride would undergo no change should her spouse appear in an orange and pink tie. To keep him satisfled with himself is the first step toward making him satistied with his wife, she has discovered. There was as much tact as love in the method one little woman took to bring her clubman of a husband back to her. It was his cheerful custom to go off to iis club, sending her a bunch of flowers and a note by way of peace-offering. By and by this grew monotonous fo her. One night she felt that, tears and reproaches having all proven futile, she would try another way. Impuisively, she wrote on the back of his note: “All your flowers for a sight of your dear face,” and sent it to him. That bit of tactful flattery accomplished what all the tears of Niobe and all the curtain lectures of Mrs. Caudle would have fatled to do. Flattery is the food of men. The women who can show appreciation of their society, their Judgment and their tastes, and whi can be serenely obvious of their whims and crotchets, will sticceed in “managing” thelr husbands. The only question is whether the game is quite worth the candle! — ‘Couldn't Exp! From the Chicago Record. ‘Why don’t you get married, dear boy?” must refer you to Miss Jones, who per- sists in jilting me for reasons of her own.” ——_+e-___ A Pustler. From World's Fair Puck. Hayes Ead «as he views eléctric launch)—“Them cable keers were queer enough, but @ cable boat! That gits me.” BRAZILIAN SOCIAL LIFE. Why Naval Oficers Hold Rio Janeiro and Petropolis in Pleased Remem- brance. From the New York San. ‘United States naval officers were much in- terested in the recent rumor that Rio Ja- | Reiro was threatened with bombardment by | the rebellious Brazilian fleet. Some uun- dreds of American naval officers know Rio | Janeiro as well as they know New York or Boston. They cali the place familiarly “Rio,” as does everybody else who sails southward of the line. Nobody calls it by its full name of Sao Sebastiao do Rio Ja- neiro, which may be translated Saint Se- bastian of the January river. The harbor, which was mistaken for the mouth of & river, was discovered on one New Year's | day, hence the Janeiro as weil as the Rio. ‘The city has asort of interest for Ameri- cans because its harbor resembles in several broad features that of New York. It is a | long, deep, almost land-locked salt water lake, with a seaward entrance rather less than @ mile wide and bold shores (amous for their beauty: It has a Governor's Island to complete the resemblance to New York harbor. Now, a bombardment of this | pleasant harbor would destroy a good inany things of which the American naval officer has pleasant memories, for Rio, thougn a town of narrow, dirty streets, is extremely gay. It has a summer temperature the year Tound, and when the fashionable world is within the city the place is one of much so- cial interest. Nobody has fully explained why you may do at Rio a great many things that you would not do in New York or scarcety even in Paris. If you happen to Go with your wife to a fashionable restau- rant in Rio you may chance to see there | Some man, perhaps half a dozen men, whom you both know, in company with the gayest ‘imaginable ladies, whom it were quite im- Possible that your wife should know. That would hardly happen in a’ restaurant of New York, and should it happen in 3 Par- jisian restaurant you would be discreetly | blind to the presence of your acquaint- ances, and your wffe would perhaps be con- ventionally shocked. In Rio, however, rou would bow and smile at those wicked men, and even your wife would not altogether ig- nore them. Were you alone perhaps you Would be presented to the ladies, and chat | with the whole party in the presence of all that fs respectable in Rio. But if Rio is gay and unconventional as tried by North American notions Petropolis js even gayer and less conventional. Pe- tropolis is the charming summer capital to | Which in yéllow fever season everybody at | Rio, save a few hundred thousand poor | devils with livings to earn, retreats for fresh air and safety. Petropolis {s not far from Rio, but it is high above the city, and as your railway train climbs to that suburban paradise city and harbor and blue sea beyond jie spread out seemingly at the feet of the traveler. When there was an empire in Brazil and an emperor resident at Petropolis that mountain city was a most interesting place. Dom Pedro walked unattended through the cool, shady streets and talked to whom he would. Sometimes he was seen beneath a tree gossiping with a group of summer resi- dents, while the brook that watered the shady thoroughfare purled at the tmpertal feet. Dom Pedro being a tolerant and good- natured monarch thought no {ll of the gay doings at Petropolis. He never stopped to inquire whether this or that pretty villa was tenanted by man and wife or by folks bearing a less conventional relation. He admired the gay ladies that drove or walk- ed about his summer capital, and made no awkward inquiries as to their conduct. Everybody followed the ways of the coun- try, and whatever the state of things at Rio, and no matte: how many deaths by yellow fever were reported per day from the ‘Seaport below, there were music and laugh- ter and wine in Petropolis. There were cockfights and horse ‘ae well, and most engaging little games of chance, all 80 open and respectable that one almost for- got that there was such a thing as the decalogue. Many of these things go on un- de> the repyblic, and naval officers report that Petropolis, even without an emperor, is delightfully wicked. so Regions Yet Untouched by Nineteenth Century Innovations. From the Boston Evening Traf®cript. ‘The genuine, untouched Virginian of to- ay has often been declared to be the most complete survival of eighteenth century England now in existence. There are cer- tain eighteenth century customs and phras- s and manners in common use here that have not been heard of in a hundred years in England. One of the quaintest is a custom of the road which died out in England when the post road and the traveling chariot went out of vogue. In those days it was con- sidered almost an affront for one traveler in a carriage to drive past another going the same way. The traveling class was made up generally of the rich and leisurely, and and as they bowled along in their coaches, to have another coach dash by and give back its dust, and perhaps incite the coach- man to @ race, was considered highly in- decorous. To “take one’s dust” was a com- mon expression of contempt. The custom Was not without tts uses in its day. But will it be believed thet at the close of the nineteenth century this etiquette of the road is rigidly maintained, and that among ‘well bred people each equipage has to take the gait of the slowest? True it is, some tconoclasts and outsiders drive past their fellow travelers without compunction, but they, therefore,prove their claim to be called iconoclasts and ‘outsiders. When it is a very pressing case, an apology is called out, such as, “Pray excuse me, but my horse is restless,” or “I am in haste to catch the boat,”” or something of the kind. But to drive ruthlessly ahead without a word of epology is considered the acme of I! breed- ing. The roads in this part of the world are not interesting, except for their natural beauty, as the people of wealth, following their English ancestors in practice, sought & proud seclusion for their houses. Only the poorest people built their homes on the main road, and one may travel from one end of this fair country to another and not find a single handsome residence on the public highway. There was another and a very practical reason for abjuring this pub- lic highway. Every man’s house was at the service of every man, woman, and child In the county; an Arab hospitality obtained and was enjoyed to the full. The people who had undesirable homes were always willing to bestow their company upon their more fortunate neighbors. so that it would not do to be too convenient to the main arteries of travel. Especially was this 20 when a visit from a family meant the en- | tertaining of two coach horses, a coach- 3 for these people excel in social virtues, and thts par- ticular virtue costs little. It only meant the killing of Ralf a dozen more chickent for dinner, when there were hundreds, per. haps, scratching about the poultry yard: and the gardens were overgrown with vere. tables, for which there wes neither-sale nor consumption. There were ice houses full of ice and meadows full of cows, and jee cream was manufactured in a th bucket, turned about in @ Keg of tee'ssa salt. Tt took two women anda man and a boy to make ice cream, but it took that many to do everything. The ice houses are among the most ple- turesque features of the landscape here. A reat mound of earth, thirty or forty feet high, was thrown up around a place that was bricked up and looked like a gigantic well. This was finished at the top by a circular roof. The sides of the mound were graded and turfed, and made nice places for boys and girls to roll down when the short, slippery grass was wet. Bi ion tl Be * Prudence Did Not Save Him, From the Boston ‘Transcript. An amusing story of the thoroughness of the press censorship in Austria is told In & German newspaper. An editor being at his wits’ end for a leading article, had the in- spiration at the last moment to print these Unes: After carefully perusing the leading arti- cle written for the present number by one of the ablest of our contributors, we have arrived at the conclusion that it may be misinterpreted by the authorities and re- garded as an attack upon the government. We ourselves consider it to. be perfectly in- nocent; but as We are unwilling, for our readers’ sake, as well as for our own, to have our newspaper confiscated, we have very unwillingly, though, as we think, pru- dently, resolved’ to withdraw the afticle. ‘This must serve as the apology to our read- ers for the blank space in our present issue. Imagine the shock with which he heard from his clerk the next morning that the paper had been confiscated by the police “For what reason?” asked the astounded editor. "For malicious ridicule of the in- stitutions of the Austrian empire by the omission of the leading article,” replied the clerk. FOR HEADACHE AND NERVOUSNESS Use Horsford’s Acid Phosphate. Dr. J. 8. WarTaken, Millville, N. J.. says: “It has been thorough'y tested, and jaliy in cere tain forms of dyspepsia, headache, nervous affections and restoring the waste to the nervous muscular system especially cansed by over- work.” SSS SSE INVALIDS! Relieved of Their Wretchedness By Paine’s Celery Compound. It Out-Ranks All Other Remedies. An Tied! Food for the ‘ied And Worn Out. Grateful to the Most Delicate Stomach. Early Fall a Season To Get Strength. Flabby Flesh and Weah Nerves Need Food. The Sallow, Lean and Weak Should Secure Vigorous Body and Joyous Spirits Bef.re Winter, Sunshine and bright weather are the herftage from August to September; but this is « mouth of dangerous weakness to Bundreds of people. ‘The ‘frst tendencies toward consumption, Bright's disease and rheumatism are developed in these early fall days. ‘Natare ts off her guard. ‘Rheumatism and neuraigia are notoriously die eases that begin In September and October. ‘The little signs of nervousness, of kidney trouble and heart weakness should not be overlooked. ‘Smal! ailments now become deep-seated diseases im winter. Winter ts for every one more or leas of a battle for healtn and existence. ‘The stock of health laid up against winter emer genctes must be secured now. Headaches and loss of appetite are as easy to read assign posts. Their tnveriable direction ws ‘that one is approaching nearer and nearer to brea\> down and serious illness. Following the modern medical knowledge tre) disease 4s due to poor nutrition of some orga, Paine's celery compound was first prescribed by Dartmouth’s great professor, Dr. Phelps. "4 Results that have repeatidly astonished many for whom skillful physicians could do no more confirm the wisdom of trusting all to nutrition— the complete and speeds nourishment of tissues, nerves and nerve centers. Psine’s celery come pound supplies the material which the nervous ayetem craves Pure biood and healthy nerve action is health. Paine’s celery compound is food for the nerves and nourishment for the blood. Health, strength and happiness have never hed such an ally before as is offered by this great com- pound It makes peopie weil. Nor PRACTICING DELUSIONS Laying Snares, But Attending to Business Strictly. READY With an Immense Stock of New Fall and Winter SUITS OVERCOATS. As usual, we begin at the beginning and furaish you with goods at the OPENING of the season just us CHEAP as at the close, A Fall Overcoat at $5.98 Is © marvel of choapmess—tes't “ $7.50 Is “way down” tn price fore “way up” SUIT OF CLOTHES FOR FALL, WEAR Double-breasted Sack Suits and Cutaway Suite. Smile ov ‘ew just for ony Slu Is surely @ very modest sum to name for a Very Excellent FALL AND WINTER SUIT. And we have such a great varicty of them that you cannot full to be suited. The Suits will Gt your form—the price will At your porket. TICK-TACK, TICK-TACK, GOES THE MILL SCHOOL DAYS ARE NEAR, DING-DONG, DING-DONG, GOES ‘THE BELL SCHOOL DAYS ARE HERE. Boys, you shall surely wear mew suite to school, ‘This week of low prices counts. BOYS’ SHOKT PANTS SUITS, Gizes 4 to 14 years), $1.00. Others, strictly all-wool, double-breasted, made to well for $7.50, jn quailty ‘Single and Brock $2.98. Boys’ Short Pants. ie. upward Boys’ Long Pants......... ---- $1.25 upward SEE US—THERE’S MONEY IN It. VICTOR £. ADLER'S Tex Pex Cexr Crormse Hovsa 927 Axo 929 Tr Sx. N. Wy CORN®R MASSACHUSETTS AVE. STRICTLY ONE PRICK (Open evenings till 7. 10s