Evening Star Newspaper, July 8, 1893, Page 11

AN APPROACHING TORNADO. DEATH IN THE STORM, |s2gz7exiaarenseaentass How Whirling Tornadoes Carry De- struction Far and Wide. BLACK FUNNEL CLOUDS. ‘They have come tn be recognized as among the most destructive of natural phenomena, so that many insurance companies are now making it » part of their business to underwrite property against them. It has been estimated that, tak- ing an average, each tornado costs one life. No subject in the science of meteor is of such absorbing interest as that of tornadoes. ‘Their performances are so amazing and the manifestations by which they are accompanied aro so terrifying that the mind has difficulty in grasping the matter understandingly. Ase rule. they give fair warning of their approach. ‘The air is usually very still and sultry. People feel depressed without knowing why. Dark and threatening clouds appear on the western hori- zon and the sky from west to south takes on a peculiar lurid or greenish tinge. This “tornado sky” is a characteristic feature. ‘THE FUNNEL-SHAPED CLOUD. From the suspended masses of vapor a sort of tail is seen to project itself downward. It gradually assumes, while approaching, the aspect of a gigantic funnel, with the smail end toward the ground. This funnel moves with gnormous rapidity, its speed being rarely under forty miles an hour and sometimes as much as ‘ighty miles an hour. As it comes nearer an indescribable roar is heard, which has been likened to the bellowing of a million mad buile or the rumbling of 10,000 trains of cars over as many bridges. Still the great cloud advances, black as night, somewhat resem an immense mn, sweeping its neck round and round with ter- rible fury and destroying everything in its path. It whirls with almost incredible velocity, Sometimes leaving the earth for a moment, then bounding back to continue its dire havoc. BALLOON CLOUD AT NORTH VERNON, IND., JUNE 10, 1893. ‘The whole pericd of destruction may oceupy only three o> four minutes, but in that time towns are wine out and elds are laid waste. down. It often hapvens that the funnel-shaped mon- star in preceded by » great cload of dust, pro- duced by an outrush of air before the storm, so STONE COLLEGE BUILDING AT GRINNELE, IOWA. is immediately at hand. The mighty balloon of vapor travels twice as fast as the tempest out of which it is engendered. It is frequently aecom- panied by a vivid display o? lightning. The width of the destructive path is rarely over 300 feet. In the central line all tees are strewn in the same direction, as “1 agh & mighty river had passed and left tuem behind. Just after the tornado usually come torrents of rain, which has caused these phenoinena to be called “cloudbursts."” On one occasion hail was re- Ported as having fallen to a depth of four feet. CAUSES WHICH PRODUCE roRNaDoxs. ‘The causes which product tornadoes are pretty well understood. Ther are found very often in the Mississipp! valley,which, as is well known. is « region particular¥ liable to such atmospheric disturbances. Suppose that the day is warm and sultry and the stratnm of heated air near the earth is fl of vapor. A current of cold air flows in abere. There you have a situation which is calulated to make trouble. The cold air being mtch heavier than the warm, the natural place forit to occupy is the bottom laver, with the wam stratum on top of it, So there 1s a tendeng for the t:r0 to change places. A meteorological squabble en- sues, which produces what is cilled a storm. AFTER THE CYCLONE Presently the cold laver of sr aloft finds a nce in the warm layer belowit hrough which it can make its way downward It does so, and the performance is exhibite: to the eye of the observer by the appearance o a descending funnel of vapor. It whirls aroun: in obedience to the same law which causes a steam of water pouring through a hole in the botom of a bow! to revolve. Incidentally an enemous energy is developed. The balloon of vapr goes sweep- ing along with a tremendous rer and an ac- eompanying electrical dispia more ror less than a highly exagprated thun- Thunder storms are bought about der storm. fm exactly the same way, save tbat the cold ' jing no The toruado is precisely the esas. thing as a water spoutat sea, Water spouts have often been dissipated by the of cannon, and it has been that of dynamite might produce the same t on the terrestrial nomenon. The difficulty would be to get hear enough, and nobody who could run away ‘would care to stand his ground and for scientific RUINS OF GRINNELL'S HOUSE, JUNE 17, 1982. purposes experiment with explosives on the bility of a “cyclone.” Date ti susceptibility of a “ey respecting are unsatisfactory, because thore who have an ‘tunity to observe them are in such fear of their lives that their accounts are not apt to be reliable. No. photograph of one of these whirling funnel clouds over been secured. though many bogus ones have been manufactured for sale. However, now that the kodak fiend, whom nothing can terrify, is abroad in the iand, it may be expected that sooner or later some suap shots will be ob- ‘TRICKS TRIED WITH STORMS. ‘Men have stood within 150 feet of tornadoes on the north side, which is the safe side, with- out being injured. All sorts of foolish tricks have been tried with these storms. A Kansas man tried to drive across the path of one with a team and wagon, thinking that he could get over in time an? being inahurry to deliver some lumber. “te consequence was that he BLOWN FROM THE TRACK. and the horses were killed and badly mai the cart being reduced to a wreck and the lum ber scattered over several square miles of terri- tory in the shape of kindling wood. People have actually refused to run away from stor nado with similar consequences. Others have made the mistake of ranning in front of it, thinking to outstrip it in the race. But it isa fact that anybody who has once encountered a “cyclone” is always more than ready afterward to promptly “hunt his hole.” t is not possible to determine with accuracy the path of a tornado until it is too near to be comfortable, save that its track is always from southwest to northeast. The question as to which way to run may have to be decided on the instant. Supposing the danger imminent the proper way to do is to run either north or south, but never to the east or northeast, be- cause that is the direction in which the storm is moving. If it is only a mile away and coming directiy toward the observer the letter has Just about one minute to get out of the way. If he does not start wrong the chances are that he willescape. If in doubt strike for the north, for, as has been said, that is the safe side of a tornado. Happily, in tho east such phenomens are comparatively infrequent, but there is not a state between the 100th meridian and the At- lantic ocean in which they do not occur. Ac- cordingly, nobody can be sure that he may not at some time have to tackle a tornado, and these rules, if not worth pasting in one's hat, should be at least remembered. As for seeking shelter from such a danger ina ‘ is no safety in that’ Experts in such matters declare that t no structure can be raised by man above the surface of the earth which will resist the violence “eycione” at Grinnell, Iowa, a few years ago, which ed many Hives snd « vast emount of property, one of the buildings reduced to complete ruin was a solid edifice of stone and brick used fora public school The tornado tore it to pieces as easily as if it had been so much lath and plaster. On the contrary, a building of brick or stone ise more unsafe refuge from a tornado than a frame dwelling, because, if destroyed, it tum- bies in and buries people in the ruins. When the famous “c: of 1890 struck Louisville forty-four persons were killed in the wreck of the Falls City Hall. That storm wiped out seventy-six lives and @2,250,000 worth of prop- erty in Louisville, and in other towns fifty-nine lives and $1,000,000 in property. The whirling cloud, which was described as shaped like a turnip. struck Louisville at about 7:45 in the evening. The noise it made was compared to the of heavy train of cars over a bridge s thousand times intensified All gas jets in the city either went out or were nearly extinguished, and the crash of falling buildings edded to the appalling rumpus, while a terrific electrical display served as an accom- at, balls of fre playing sbout. Appa rently the lower end of the funnel did not touch the ground, the destruction being confined to the upper stories of the houses. Sant) ‘non PASSAGE To Cave SAFETY ONLY UNDER GROUND. The only place where safety can be-found against a tornado is under ground. In the Tegion where storms of this type are frequent prudent people construct what they call “cyclone cellars.” This is usually-an excava- tion made through the west wall of the cellar of the house outward, so that no part of it is | beneath the dwelling. The west side is chosen because the danger always comes from that | direction, and, if the house is demolished, | ruins will be’ thrown away from the “‘cave.” ‘The floor of the -latter is made level with the floor of the cellar, and the earth roof of the cave is supported by heavy timbersand arched with masonry of brick or stone. These are —-= against damage by the falling of eavy masses of debris. Sometimes acave is dug apart from the house, but clove by it, on the west side. It is made big enough to ac- commodate all the inmates of the dwelling. Such a resort is a means of absolute safety. Fortunately, as has been said, the approach of a tornadois advertised inadvance by unmistakable premonitory symptoms. The householder has simply to convey his family to the “cyclone cel- lar,” close the entrance by a strom door pro- vided for the purpose and await the passin of the danger. If a person finds hinmelf in the “THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C.. SATURDAY, JULY 8, 1893—SIXTEEN PAGES. to the west room on the ground floor and stand in the center of it. It often happens that half of» house is torn away, the other half remain- ing seeking the sninfured. “By west side one a more likely debris. ‘A tornado struck the town of Ol Jane 19, 1823. At 9:30 p.m. a householder, hove account ia quoted; heard « roaring as of heavy thander, whidh tied him to, the door. opening it. he imm liscovered a bright cloud, whlch had predaely the color of glowing oven, apparently the size of a half ere of ground. moving ‘rapidly in the dires- tion of fis dwelling. ‘The brightness of the cloud illuminated everything about. There was no lightning nor rain, but a continual and tremendous roar during the passage of the storm. The roaring of tornado has been de- scribed as a combined woo-00-oo and whir-r-r-r. ‘Tornadoes seldom occur singly. There are usually several of them in a line, whieh all run up the country toward the northeast. Fre- quently thero are several lines, one following another. In rare instances the same place has been struck by two of the whirl fonnels in quick succession. It is supposed that this form of meteorological disturbance generates an im- mense amount of electricity. Some of the things it does are such as, it would seem, could aly be accomplished by tlectrical setion, To agency mn attributed the plucking of chickens, ism common fresk’ incidental to the passage of a cyclone. Fovwls, without being burt, are often divested completely of their feathers, and roosters are presently seen strutting about the stricken barnyard, crowing, though perfectly naked. POINTS IN DISPUTE. ‘There are many points about the tornado which are in dispute among meteorologists. Some of them are of the opinton that there 1s a partial vacuum in tho middie of the whirling icon cloud. and many witnesses of the Miage funnel sucks up manner in which the everything in its path. It is stated that the sucking sound is very distinctly heard as tl monster rushes across the country. It cer- tainly does take up water from streams, and one instance is recorded where a tornado com- pletely emptied a well forty feet deep. Other authorities aver that in the midst of the re- volving funnel there is a plenum, the reverse of @ vacuum. IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO, Some of the doings perpetrated by tornadoes are most astonishing. Wallingford, Conn., August 9, 1878, a storm of this sort blew stone monuments off their bases. It was estimated that the velocity of whirl required to accom- | ee this was 260 milesan hour. Children have requently been lifted hundreds of feet into the air and laid down unhurt. It has been observed that objects uplifted by this agency do not drop with the ordinary force of falling bodies in many instances, A whirling cloud at Pine Plains, N. Y., June 19, 1835, caught a man on a road with a team and wagon carrying a hogs- head of sugar. The hogshead and contents weighed 1.250 pounds. It, together with the horses and cart, was hurled over a stone wall. The man was blown in the opposite direotion © distance of fifteen rods. ight objects are sometimes transported a distance of twenty miles. In one instance a horse was carried half a mile and put down uninjured. People who are struck by tornadoes are commonly stripped entirely of their clothing, particularly women. In one recorded instance the trimming was taken off a dress as neatly as if ithad been done by hand. Persons who meet with such a misfortune are apt to be covered with mud, plentiful quantities of which seem ordinarily to ans by the cyclone. ‘The hair of women is torn from their heads and twisted into ro; sometimes. On one oc- casion a carpet, which had been securely tacked to a floor, was taken up and carried out of the house without being torn. Such freaks as the driving of piece of scantling seven fect long and six inches square lengthwise through the body of » hog are not unusual. Attempts have been made to refer the phenomena of tor- nadoes to spots on the sun, but it is not likely that any connection exists. eg ‘The Truth About From the London Spectator. Asepoy regiment which means it will walk a European regiment to death, and do it on food which their competitors would pronounce in- sufficient to sustain vigorous life. A regular Hindostanee carrier, with a weight of eighty Longe on his shoulders—carried, of course, in bay —- bung ia = neck by Gt i ry , if properly paid, lope along over a hun mniles in twenty-fone hours, a. feat which would exhaust any but the best trained English run- ner. We feel, indeed, some doubt whether the relation between the power of walking and what is properly called “physical strongth” is atallaclose one. Many classes of Bengalees, who are a feeble folk, seem in walking tireless, great | and it is within the ‘knowledge of us all that many comparatively feeble E: walk all day and sit down at fatigued than men who, in a enge throw them in five minutes on thei ir backs. Weight has much to do with it, and lung con- dition, and, above all, certain’ soundness of the sinows which has ‘no moro relation to the strength of those sinows than the tenacity of a fiber, silk, for example, has to ite bulk. We believe the truth about vegetarianism to be this—that it almost invariably injures those who adopt it after being accustomed to a flesh diet; that it requires invariably and absolutely ® consumption of milk not easy to secure in northern Europe; but that, at the cost of some energy and much power of resisting disease, the majority of men can live on vegetables without any grave rednction in their physical strength. They ean do most kinds of hard work—not all—as well as their neighbors, and can do sedentary work probably a little better, ‘the | though we must add that, owing to diminished energy, they are usually not equally inclined to do it. “They lose a recurrent pleasure of some value, the satisfaction of being full fed—your vegetarian feeling hunger frequently and sharply—but they gain quite remarkably in the cost of their food. ‘The reduction in expense is considerable in all cases; and if Europeans could be taught the full value as food of haricot deans, of lentils and of millet, as containin not only nourishment, but nitrogen, and could obtain milk at reasonabio cost, the reduction would be very great indeed, probably more than one-half. In an experiment wo heard of lately, in, which the baricot beans wore much'employed, the saving was greater than that; and, indeed, the question only needs dis- cussion because of tho price of milk, and be- cause of the rather exaggerated idea ‘as to the quantity of vegetable food which must be pro- vided, a quantity which varies not only with each person, but with the kind of food con- sumed. Aman may eat garden stuff all day d not get the gustenanco which he will ob- tain out of a comparatively small quantity of beans, millet or wheat. Economy ts the un- juestionable “pull” of vegetarianism, and we ould say the only one, though the ‘practice does not diminish strength in anything like the proportion which fleeh eaters imagine. They confuse strength and energy, and forget that the mass of mankind never can or will get ai thing but the cereals and other vegetables to eat. To abandon flesh diet is not to ad- vance, but only to go back to the involuntary practice of the majority of the uncivilized, ——_+o— Should Change Her Sparking Night. From the Detroit Tribune. “3o you deny that youever asked my consent to marry you or that you promised to marry her,” queried the attorney for the plaintiff in the breach of promise case, with a compreben- sive gesture and an air of surprised incre- dulity. “No, sir; [admit it,” responded the defend- ant promptly. “You admit it!” shouted the lawyer, leaping to his feet and casting a triumphant look about the court room. “Yes, I admit it; but the conversation alluded to occurred on Sunday evening, and I believe contracts made on that dav are void.” Surprised All Around. From Trnth. Her Mother—“I saw you walking for two hours on the beach with # man this afternoon, Ethel. I was surprised beyond measure.” |, mamma, after an experience of four lonely summers at the seashore I must path of the whirling monster and has'no refuge the best thing for him to do is to throw him- | self face downward, with his head to the east Ts is nothing | and his arms over ‘his head to protect it. If | Soft Crab Suppers at Bay Ridge ivery Day. near « large stone or stump be should lie down with js head toward the object, embracing it. | If compelled toremain in abuiMling heshould go confess that I was rather surprised myself.’ mpeemaaaie, 1 leave B. and O. station at 9:1 wee ndiat 9:35 a.m. and 1:30 Round trig, @—enash 4:28 p.m. week days, and 3:15 p.m. Sunday: LA RABIDA CONVENT. Where Columbus Found Shelter gnd Encouragement, AT THE WORLD’S PAIR.. An Interesting Reproduction and Its Val- usable Contents — A Rich Collection of Original Papers and Relice—Well Worth Visit When st Chicago. ————_-__. ‘Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. Carcaco, July 1, 1898, HE MONASTERY OF ‘La Rabida is one of the most important ex- hibits at Jackson Park. The quaint, old-fash- ioned building, with ite red roofs and queer, weather-stained walls, standing on s compara- tively isolated spot, three - fourths sur- rounded by water, is in striking contrast to the magnificent buildings of the white city. The original, of which this structure is almost an exact fac simile, starts at the top of alow headland near the town of Palos, Spain, about half way between the Strait of Gibraltar and the southern boundary of Portugal and some three miles from the At- lantic ocean. The term “La Rabida” signifies an outpost on the frontier, and it is woll known that here Columbus, much discouraged, sought shelter, and found’ that and encouragement also at'the hands of Father de Marchena, who, being in favor with Isabella, used his influence on the explorer's behalf, THE ORIGINAL BUILDING. According to tradition the monastery was erected by the Roman emperor Trajan. His- tory records that in the eleventh century it was reconstructed by the Knights Templar, who then occupied it for somo time. After- ward the building came into the the Franciscan monks, who remodel ing it ‘Santa Maria de La Rabida,' Monastery of St. Mary of the Frontier. Again since then it was enlarged, but two years ago was restored by the government of ‘Spain to the exact condition in which it stood at tho time when Columbus found an asylum there in 1485. A. second time he sought shelter with these friendly monks. A third time, in 14%, he returned to be aguest at La Rabida whi waiting for vessels and supplies from th peoplo of Palos, and attended wars in the chapel on the morning of his departure. Upon his triumphal return to Palos he revisited the place, the monks sang a Te Deum in the chapel and he remained here till summoned to cvurt ‘THE REPRODUCTION. The idea of reproducing this historic relic of the middle ages and here enshrining the price- less Columbus relics is credited to William Eleroy Curtis of Washington, chief of the Latin-American department of the exposition. Mr. Curtis secured tho sketches and photo- phs in Spain and Mr. Henry D. Ives super- intended the construction. The original mon- astery has been fitly called the corner stone of American history; it is with a feeling of rever- euce one enters this its counterpart. INTERESTED VISITORS, It is casily reached to the east of the agricul- tural building by one of the white, prottily arched bridges everywhere to be seen and lies almost under the shadow of the tall Casino. The great interest of tho people is. well shown by the large crowd always in attendance. The first entrance is usually into the chapel, wher are preserved some twenty-five original auto- graph lottors of Columbus, among, them letters to his wife and son Diogo. Here is also the original decreo granting the coat-of-arms after his discoveries, also a quantity of more than valuable manuscript. Old paintings and copies adorn the walls, The cloisters of the ancient monastery are faithfully reproduced and well filled with precious and interesting relics. The most val- uable historical papers in existence are hero, Toaned by the Duke of Veragua at tho special request of the President of the United States The most noteworthy are autograph letters of Columbus, letters from the King of Portugal to Columbus, royal letters patent from the sov- ereigns of Spain concerning Columbus and his fleet, bull of Pope Alexander granting to Spain all lands discover2d by Columbus, congrata- latory letter from the sovereigns of Spain, and the will of Christopher Columbus, A RICH COLLECTION OF ORIGINAL PAPERS is loaned by the Duchoss of Berwick-Alba, and valuable historical documents and objects of art from the Vatican, loaned by Pope Leo XIII, both by request of the President and Congress. The Vatican loan collection embraces Papal letters and bulls, pictures and busts, the ccle- brated Borgian’ map of America, map of the old and new world made in the sixteenth cen- tury, and the beautiful Ribero chart. inscription on the latter states that it is a universal map of all the then known world. It was made by Diego Ribero in 1529, at Seville, and is charmingly executed on vellum. ‘Mr. Wilham E. Curtis has loaned a magnifi- cent collection of books relating to the times and history of Columbus. An original copy of the first edition of the book that christened Ame: is loaned by Mr. Charles Gunther of Chicago. RELICS OF COLUMBUS’ CAPTIVITY. A crowd always lingers around the relics of the captivity of Columbus, which include some pieces of wood from the beam to which he was chained and one of the bolts. There isa ma- hogany lintel from the house in Santo Domingo in which ho lived while there, and a pair of old wooden shutters. About the lintel is a protect- ive rail and also abont the door sill to keep the ambitious sightseer from literally treading in the footsteps of the great hero. There are coins made by hand and witha hammer from the first gold brought from America. It is said that there are but eighteen in existence. The casket of crystal and gold so carefully exhibited is the fac simile of one in which the dust of the discoverer is placed. The remains were found in the cathedral at Santo Domingo. THE ISABELLA BELL. ‘That precious relic, the Isabella bell, or bell of the fig tree, is shown in a glass case and attracts much notice. It is small, but of bronze and of good workmanship, though with but eight inches in height. It was presented by King Ferdinand to the first church in Isa bella, which was the first city of the new world. It bears the image of St. Michael and the letter “F,” in memory of the donor. When gold was found in the mountains and the town vacated the bell also was removed to La Vega. Nearly four hundred years later, and but a fow years ago, this old bell was found by a shepherd ‘angled up in vines among ‘tho and held up to view by the branches jg tree. The relic isnow owned by a church in Santo Domingo, and has been secured for this exposition through the offorts of the Dominican minister to the United States, Senor Don Manuel J. Galvan. It was the first bell ever rung inthe new world. The bell of Cartha- gona is albo bore; it was brought from Spain ia 1584 for convent use, and was presented by Charles V, Emperor of Spain. This bell weighs | seventy-five pounds. All the old stones that remained at the town of Isabella, it is butasmall pile, is here on view. It is what-remained of the church and the “‘king’s house." ‘There is also some old pottery from Isabella, and fow tiles from the | ruined church. The latter was dedicated as recently (?) as January, 1494: La Rabida contains numberless other relics, all of which aro intensely interesting. I had all | but forgotten the brick and tiles from the orig- inal monastery at Palos, Spain, and supposed to be sixteen centuries old. ‘The bust of Columbus and flag which were used at the commemorative ceremonies at the Convent of La Rabida in August of 1892 have been presented to the United States, and are exhibited here. ‘The house Columbus occupied at Porto Santo, Madeira Islands, sends its relics xlso, consisting | of three of its window shutters, heavy wood | door step, a pair of ifside doors and two canes made from some of its wood. The latter were presented by Mr. John F. Healy, United States | consul at Madeira, to Mr. W. E. Curtis and Mr. | James G. Blaine. ‘There is a weaith of paintings at La Rabida. Some of these are valuable copies, some price- less originals, and others copies for informa- tion of visitors. The famous Lotto portrait of Columbus is from the Madrid historical ex- | position, and is the one that received the gold | medal for being the most authentic portrait | extant. The likeness on the souvenir coins is taken from this painting. The picture has be- come the property of a Chicago collector. The paintings are hung in what is known as the room of Columbus, an upper cbamber, in fac simile of that occupied by him for several months in the old monastery. Portraits of the discoverer are legion, and the pictures delineate all places and occur- rences in his life, public and , that are of general interest. A curious map of the United States on an upper wall, with all towns and cities that have been named after Columbus, so designated with litt i tags. The number of them is sur} enlightening, and the large variety likewise. Ancient maps and charts, illuminated missals and relics of Indians and Aztecs and of ancient Spain complete the list of attractions at La Rabida, M. a CATHOLIC MER SCHOOL, Eminent Clergymen Will Address the Gathering on Lake Cham; The Catholic Summer School of America will open its second annual session at its per- manent location at Plattsburg, N. Y., next Saturday. By invitation of Rector Walsh of Platts- burg the religious services for all attending the summer school this year will be held at St. Jobn’s Church, and a special program has been prepared. On July 16 Bishop Gabriels of Ogdensburg will officiate, Vicar General Byrne of Boston will preach on “Conscience,” and in the even- ing Dr. Loughlin, chancellor of Philadelphia, will preach on “The Bread of Life.” The pulpit will be occupied on the second Sunday, in the morning, by the Rev. James Mitchell, chancellor of Brooklyn, whose subject will be “Three Types of Christian Virtue,” and in the evening by Dr. Dennis McMahon of New ¥ork, who will talk on “The Effects of Catholic ‘Teaching on Character.” ‘The third Sunday tho Rev. M. P. Smith, Paulist, will preach on ‘Lay Co-operation in Church Work,” and the Rev. Edward Lefevre, Lazarist, on ‘Some Phases of Evil.”” ‘The Rev. John Talbot Smith, chaplain of the Sisters of Mercy in New York, will preach the last Sunday on “The Spiritual Life,” and Dean O'Rourke of Port Henry on ‘“Suvernatural Faith.” Various eminent bishops will officiate on each Sunday and noted ecclesiastics will be present in the sanctuary. A Fair Remonstrant Pleads Against Officious Street Car Conductors. From the New York Sun. “There, my dear,” said Mrs. Van Klevver to Miss Do Korus, “there goes a dangerous creature!” “Wh-where?” asked Miss De Korus. “Riding on the back platform of that street car, my dear. There, Miss De Korus, goes the man who well-nigh wrecked my domestic hap- pines. As it is, he has loft me one mark which can never be effaced.” “Which man do you mean?” asked her friend, stretching to see the departing car. “Tho one in dark blue, with a cap and visor,” said Mrs. Van Klevver, solemnly. “You don’t mean the—tho—” “Tho conductor? I certainly do,” replied Mrs. Van Klevver, laughingly, dropping her tragical tone and returning to her salad. ‘They wero at lunch in a Broadway restau- rant. The day was a sultry one and almost every woman at the tables wore some kind of = light shirt w ‘Miss De Korus Kad a pink and white affair which quite matched her cheeks, but Mrs, Van Klevver was in dark blue from top to toe. “i don’t want to be inquisitive,” said Miss De Korus, inan apologetic tone, “but would you mind ‘telling me what you mean?” “Not atall. I intended to pour the whole sad tale into your ears, and here it is: Do you happen to remember a certain hot Wednesday acouple of weeks ago? A muggy, moppy, melting day? You do? Well, on that particu- lar afternoon I was seized with a sudden desire for ice cream soda, You know there are times when the thirst for that beverage would make ® woman slay her nearest and dearest friends in order to gratify it. It was rather late, and I knew Jack was coming home early to dinner, and we had planned to go to the roof garden afterward. But my thirst was one which would not be denied, so I put on the gown I expected to wear in the evening and sullied forth. “It was a dainty white linen, the joy of my soul, and a gown of which Jack was pleased to express his approval. It was freshly done up. and was as immaculate as an angel's apparel, I stood on the corner aglow, with a temperature of 98 degrees in the shade, and a sense of look- ing my best. And then a car came along. Tho driver youchsafed a glance toward me and drew up for me to get on. If you have tears prepare to shed them now. I had forgotten the ways of conductora. We women are of a forgiving nature and do not cherish resentment, wo when the man took me with one hand by the elbow and encircled me with his other arm, lacing his hand in the small of my white linen beck, fwas too much surprised to’ offer any opposition. ‘He yauked—yes, my dear, yanked my un- resisting form on to the platform and pushed me into the car, where I sank into a place and tried to collect my stnses. I was indignant, Was La tottering octogenarian to be taken u; bodily and deposited in my seat? As I say, was indignant. But as yet I bad not thought of tho possibility of an outward and visible sign of the inward anpoyance I had received. When, however, the coninctor onme for my fare, an awful thought occurred to me. “His was a grimy hand if ever I saw one. It was damp and dirty, and thers was so much of it, Melancholy speculation as to the possible effect such hand would have on pure white linen took possession of me, and by the time I eached the soda water emporium I was very unhappy. I went way back to the end of the line and facod about #0 that no one could stand behind me, and gave my order blushingly even thon. But the soda water was refreshing, so I drowned my sorrow in a foaming glass, and went back to the street quite gaily. “A car was coming and I signaled it, but not without breathing a vow to keep my oye on ihe conductor. "Iwas well that I did, for he was waiting with open arms to receive me. I stopped short and glared at him, “Step lively! step lively! he said, reaching out to lay hold of me. “ ‘T require no assistance, thank you,’ I said frigidly, and sailed the length of the car toa vacant seat, As Isat down I looked back and observed a perfect wake of smiles bebind me. I merely thought that the passengers had overheard the remark I had made to the con- ductor and were amiling in admiration of my dignity. and all that, you know. I had a self- satisfied fecling, very, and it had considerably increased by the time I reached home. “Jack was already there. Ho was reading the paper as I camo in, but looked up and said something very complimentary about m; appearance. Jack is awfully nice about suc things. “Hello!” he said. ‘Thi Turn around and let's take “I turned very, very slowly. I wanted to prolong the sensation of being admired as long as I could. Round I went till I stood facing him once more, and then I looked up to see how he liked it. My dear, he looked as if he were going to—well, helooked as black and angry asa thunder cloud, and at the same time, if you can understand it, was just on the point of inughing. “What's the matter, Jack?’ I eaid, running to him, but he pushed me away. He looked the way men on the stage do when they say: “-Woman! woman! Begone from me sight!” mething like that, “Then he took me by the arm, marched me up with my back toa mirror and gave me a hand glass. My dear, looming up on your little friend's back was the unmistakable Imprint of a large hand. It was a piece of circumstantial evidence to make the least sus- pleious of husbands jealous, but Jack and I soon came to an understanding and he tried to cheer me up when I cried about the gown. But now, when we get on a car, he glares if the conductor touches me. I'd like to know what right they have to take a woman by the arm, or jab her in the back, or literally embrace her as many of them do. I have secn women turn around and tell a conductor to let them alone, and I've seen plenty more that looked as if they wanted to do “I suppose,” suggested Miss De Korus, *‘the man simply wants to help you.”” Yes," assented Mrs. Van Klevver, who is always ready to see both sides of the question, “I presume that's #0. A woman always gets onacaras if slfe were the leaning tower of Pisa, and the jerk of the car when it starts would send her over the back dashboard nine times out of ten. It isn’t her fault, of course.” (Mrs. Van Klevver never will admit that any- thing is a woman’s fault.) ‘She has to carry her parasol and purse and bundles in one hand and hold up_ her dress with the other, and of course she can’t help herself. “But, after all's said and done,” she resumed defiantly, “what am I going to do with that gown of mine? And am I to go clad in somber colors throughout the entire season of moist and grimy hands? Ah! Ihave it! If the con- ductors must push and haul us around in order to save our precious necks let them wear gloves, as tho policemen do. Oh, you just wait!” she said, as Miss De Korus was about to offer ai objection. “Wait till one of them has wiped his hands on that dainty silk waist of yours, ‘The very next day the strect railway super- intendent received a note. It was but a single line and was in Miss Do Korus’ handwriting. 's the gown I like. all in.’ e it re “Please put gloves on your conductors.” EXPERT WITH MALLET| The Growth of Croquet as a Popular THREE WASHINGTON CLUBS. Vice President of the National Association = Member of One—History of the District Organizations — An Account of the Game. ROQUET IS STILL played. An idea pre-\ vails among the unin- formed that the last of the seventies saw the downfall of ball and wicket billiards. There are three croquet clubs in this city, the Wash- ‘ington, the Hutchtoson and the West End. The . grounds of the Wash- ington Club are situ- ated on 12th street be- tween O and P northwest. It was organized in 1873 and isconsequently nearly ableto celebrate its majority. Mr. B. T. Catlin is president; G. H. Cooper, secretary and treasurer. The mem- bers include also W. 8. Chase, C. J. Myers, Frank Moore and H. A. Hall. The club belongs to the National American Croquet Association, which meets at Norwich, Conn., in the last week in August, Mr. Myers being the vice president of the association. ‘The grounds of the Hutchinson Club are on the corner of 9th street and Rhode Island avenue. It was organized November 16, 1880. Mr. William Hutchinson is president; P. W. Cole- man, secretary, and Morris treasurer. ‘The members are F. B. Holden, C. ‘M. Bryant, G, Maxon and L. E. Johns. ‘The late Judge W. B. Snell was the first president of the ola The West End Ciub’s groundsare on 16th street between Rand § streots. It was or- ganized in 1889. Mr. J. L. Dar f resident; H. % pe tiger Aplin, J. A. Winner, W. ‘HH. Wahley and Frank A. Warfield. SOME GOOD sPoRT. Comparatively few people ever saw a really good croquet ground, Leas persons have seen really well-played game, and but compara- tively few of the rt-loving citizens of this city are aware of the fact that there are three good regulation grounds and quite a number of excellent players here in W: ‘WM. HUTCHINEON. Persons who enjoy real sport and have not become wedded to the idea that it can be found only in base ball, foot ball or tennis would think they had hada treat were it their good fortune to be on hand any pleasant evening when Messrs. Holden, Coleman, Mason or Hutchinson of the Rhode Island avenue club, or Myers, Cooper, Hall or Chase of the 12th street club, or Capts. Wabley or Davenport of | shall the 16th street club were giving an e: of their consummate skill as croquetists, That croquet as. scientific and interesting game is unappreciated is shown by the fact that for three successive seasons prize winners in the national tournaments have been bere and given exhibitions of skill equal to the most [pa peace games of the most renowned bil- iard experts, aud that the performances were witnessed and enjoyed by not more than twenty or thirty persons. SOMETHING ABOUT THE GAME. Croquet is comparatively modern. It has not the weight of years on its side to increase love and regard for it. The name seems to in- dicate France as its origin, and it is said to have been brought from there to Ireland, thence to England. Public match games were played in England as long ago as 1867. Asa wn game it became exceedingly popular, and the fortaation of the “All England's Croquet Club” was succeeded by several annual contests for championship at Trimbledon. When introduced in this country, it was char- acterized as a game, simple and almost devoid of opportunities for the display of any very great skill. The game was also modified; the number of arches increased, their positions changed and the size of the grounds diminished. ‘The finest playing at that time, and till with- in a few years, was upon lawns with closely mown grass and generally level surface; but now the scientific player prepares a ground better adapted to his needs and the exhibition of his skill DIRT GROUNDS THE BEST. Although much genuine pleasure and excel- lent exercise can be obtained from «so-called sod ground, yet for delicacy and accuracy of play and exercise of sometimes marvelous skill the modern ground is made @ feo le hbard-rolled, sanded field. See eon All tournament games must be played ons ground of this kind. It has ceased, th ‘ore, to be & so-called lawn sport among scientific players. Very few people, comparatively, have ever seen a scientifically made ground. Those who believe themselves to be expert lawn-players are greatly surprised at the greater opportunity for ploas- ure and skill afforded upon a nicely sanded, level field. There is no other field game that can com- pare with croquet asa test for good temper, forbearance, and that prince of manly qual- ities, fairness, Croquet is.as scientific as billiards. There is agreater fleld (literally as well as otherwise) for strategy, the exercise of deliberate jode- ment, nerve, coolness and boldness of play in croquet than in billiards, much as some may question the truthfalness of the assertion. The eye and the hand become trained. The high degree of skill of which the game by the introduction of narrow arches, hard rubber balls and the most approved imple- ments of play has been made capable prevents it from being regarded as fit only for children. POINTS OF THE GAME. The chief points of excellence in eroquet may be enumerated as follows: 1. Accuracy in croqueting or making one ball hit another from the blow of the mallet. Here the accurate eye and the trained hand are needed, for at a distance of 80 feet a ball 3 inches in diameter subtends a very small angle, and a very small divergence of the line of direc- tion of the impinging mallet will cause the struck ball to go wide of its desired course. 2. Ability to take position in front of arches ‘so as to pass through them successfully, for the arches, being only 834 inches wide, give little chance of passing through toa ball of 3 inches when in a “‘wild position.” 3. “Wiring” or “staking” an adversary’s ball 0 a8 to leave no ball “open” or “exposed.” This is done sometimes from a distance of fif- teen or twenty feet; and fourth and greatest of all is good generalship, for without this all ex- cellence attained in the three preceding points fought will be manifested in vaia in» bard. game. Closely associated with the first is the ability to “‘drive” or “block” the ball at « cer- tain angle to reach a position desired. This will be aitempted only when the balls are near together, for at along range roquet only is at- tempted. It is possible also that ‘“jamp shoot- ing” ought to be added to these, for this, at first thought seemingly impossible method of play, is a special feature with some players, and not infrequently they are relieved from an otherwise inextricable position by a timely Jump shot, by which « ball from a peculiar = 1. WARLY. downward stroke of the mallet may be made to Pass over one or more intervening arches and “capture” a bail supposed to be safe from sll XATIONAL ASSOCIATION. ‘The national association mests in Norwich on the Monday preceding the third Tuesday in August, and any one lacking enthusiasm can here be cheaply and fully “enthused.” People living in or near New York can find grounds corner 88th street and Madison avenue, also at Moriners’ Harbor, Staten Island, and at New Conn., London, Conn., boast of excellent grounds and excellent players. Cottage City, Martha's Vineyard, has seven grounds for summer play. The western cubs have never been repre- sented at the national association, though ur- gent invitations have been given them to do so. Thelr style of play is x litle diferent, but. i would be easily possible to unify itis ames of the ro-calied “loose” of “tight” er quet, and this ought to be done. At Elsria, Ohio, they have covered grounds and their players cannot be excelled. But Nor- wich has been called the lovers of croquet. Easily reached, with an old Jove for the game, with players celebrated for their geniality, hospitality and skill, the rose city of New England is especially a’ haven delight, and the third week of argent Tooked forward to by ts with the eagerness and unconcealed of children looking forward to the joys and festivities of Obrist- mastide, THE GROUNDS AND WICKETS. The game of croquet should be played on ground as nearly level as possible, in size 36x72 feet. The surface should be well roiled dirt, lightly sanded tohold the balls. While the match or tournament games shail be played on & dirt or “made” ground. oo an soi and In all prize tournament shall be not more than inches in width,and the ‘‘cage” or center wicket “How d’ye do,” said the visitor. to see you about a marriage license.” The clerk got out the big book and turned td where he had torn out the last one. “Well,” he aid, ‘who is it for?” “Who is what for?” asked the visitor. “The license, of course. Don't you want s license?” “Not ef I kin help it, ‘That's what I come in fer to see about. I got one t'other day, but I "t used it yit, and I want to know about it.” “What do you want to know?” The seeker for information took the Paper from his unfolded it and spread onthe Gee — “There it is,” he said briefy. “What's the matter with that?” inguired the clerk, after he bad looked it over. ‘The new arrangement of hair makes the fix- ing on of tiaras a matter of some difficulty, but not insurmountable, as was proved at the great semi-political reception of this week. Diamond any kind of coiffure, but, though pretty and becoming, they are by no means so ts tiaras’ Youse Indies ‘much affect et bow of velvet, in color either with their gown or its trimmings. This is put on wire covered with velvet and cur to fit around the coils of hair at the back. Sometimes: this velvet is very finely wrought in gold.silver, t or jewelry, and also it often serves asa ind for some diamond orva- jewels now, two score years,but with matronhood, however early in life that may be attained. ‘The revival of necklets has brought to light many pretty things in lapidaries’ and jewelers’ art. The smartest ides in this form is a deep collar of pearls intersected at intervals by bars of diamonds. As many as seven rows of large oriental pearls are thus worn, and the collar is fastened with a solid square clasp, encrusted with diamonds. There is no arbitrary law as to necklets, and for this womankind has reason to be deeply thankful, since nature has provided necks of such widely differing character. The possessor of one formed in long, graceful, swan-like proportions may with impunity ven: ture on a collar deep and massive, and be sure that it suites her to perfection. if, however, a lady of more plump dimensions and a short, white tlront Were to buckle round it so stiff a piece of jewelry she would assuredly appear to be strangled by her own magnificence. A necklet in graceful festoons of pearis caught up by rosettes of diamonds, and having. pert haps, alternate pendants of black and white pear-shaped pa would euit such wearer as perlectly as the stiffer collars wouldsuit her dif- ferently constructed sister. ee Provoked Him. From Truth. Clara—“Regy is very angry with you.” Mand—“What for?” Clara—“When you kissed him the other night you disarranged his hair.” strange new rulers we could prophesy, Cassan- Gra like, of greater ills to follow. The hoop skirt was an accomplished fact—on paper—and. all the hideous excesses of the days when womon were the slaves of every momentary power were hustled upon our emancipated shoulders. But the hoop skirt came not, the skirt proper ccl- And therefore we adapt and mold and modify, and find after it is finished that we are into the girlaood pictures of oar Gineries. True, we have not ‘tomorrow— yes but aay sc Ny There are many prophets lifting up theis voices in the land with different tidings to waite ing women. One assures us that daines vie with each other to will, is said, the costume is not remarkable, bat: & genuine and permanent success. EE From Trath. ‘What Isind of aclock is that, Jawkins? I doesn't seem to be right.” “Sb—sh! It's called the Married Man's 1 y boy. ‘The hands stop at 10 0 <n pn Ae Ay asuahe Genes wer. Seo?” ME. SWANKUMS REPENTANCE; Or, the Bicycle as an Instrament of Reforms Mr. Swankum-—“Seems to me I bears bell s-ringin’. I hope nobody didn't see me take dis yer board outer de ui “Great king! Dis ver board is got powerfal heavy all of a sudden.” “1 hear a kind of rattlin’ noise “ knowed somethin’ wus gwine