Evening Star Newspaper, December 31, 1892, Page 10

____ QUARANTINE STATION, A DREADED INVASION The Danger That Cholera May Be) Brought Into This Country. ’ THE SGOURGE AND THE FAIR. | - What Must Be Done to Prevent the Epidemic From Keaching Our Shores—P: Legisiation to Check Imunigration—The | National Quarantine service. | = {LL THE CHOLERA invade the United States in "98 to decimate our | population and play | havoe with the world’s | fair? Can it be kept out | altogether, or will it ve | allowed to get a foot- guards can be provided. | and what means will be the most effective These are the questions uppermost in the Pubhie mind and the problems our national Makers are uow wrestling with. Numberless plans ave suggested, in numerous forms.invols fing by legislation « partial suspension of for- eign immigration for a @ total eu: ANGEL ISLAND, CAL infected foreign portsare to be kept out, United States consuls are required to report the state of health at such ports and to notify the marine hospital service of the departure of in- fected vessels, and officers of state quarantines are empowered to act in emergencies as officers of the national quarantine. QUAKANTINE STATIONS. In this way the marine hospital service and the federal quarantine were linked together. A | national board of health was created in 1879, with limited duties and prerogatives, but by | the refusal of Congress subsequently to provide for its expenses it ceased to have a1 active ex- istence. By the act of 1858 eight federal quar- | antine siations were established and placed | gorse I Se | fitted’ with sul marine hospital | transhipped from the infected ¢ THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1892—SIXTEEN PAGES. provised camp at Fort Pulaski, at the mouth of the Savannab river, Ga., and Camp Low, ont- side of New York. of ‘last summer's bitter memory. In the entire marixe hospital service there fre now employed upward ef 500 petyons, mostly highly skilled and trained men. distrib- uted among the quarantine stations and marine hospitals. Dr. Walter Wyman it the surgeon general in command of this service, aud bis assistants are Surgeons H. W. Austin, F. W. Mead, J.J. Kinyoun and G. T. Vaughan. Be- tides ‘thero are sxteen other graduated sur- geons, twenty-two passed assistant surgeons, eighteen assistant eurgeons, seventy-six acting Assistant sizrgeons and thirty hospital stewards. ‘The remaining three hundred and fifty persons are nurses, attendants, seamen and quarantine officers of various grades. THE QUARANTINE FLEET. ‘The quarantine service has at ite disposal @ fleet of six finely equipped vessels. Four are disinfecting steamers—the Pasteur, the Robert Koch, the Welch ard the Geprge M. Sternberg, ur furnaces, tanks and other apparatus for fumigation. ‘The other two are superb sea-going steamers—the Dagmar and ths Charles Foster, Tho Dagmar ison duty at the Delaware breakwater and the Charles Fos- ter is at the Cape Charles quarantine. The quarantine process employed by the marine hospital service convists of: First, over- hauling suspected vessels, their inspection, de- tention and fumigation, the disinfection of pas- sengers, baggage or cargo, and the transfer of sick persons to the quarantine hospitals and immmring of suspects in barracks, The fumi- ae | gating act prescribed by the Treasury Depart- Sent ls performed With chloride of mercury, a THE DOGMAR AT DELAWARE BREAKWATER. sulphurows oxide and steam heat, together with cleansing and flushing with sea water. Not only aro cargoce subjected to this disinfection, but baggage and personal effects, and also the persons of certain classes of suspects. The Proper vessels, lighters, Iaunches, buildings, piers, wharves and appliances for this work ar provided atall the established quarantinestations ANTICIPATING INVAHION. Last summer's cholera excitement was the first experience onr national quarantine service infection in epidemic rable yeliow fever visita- It is not known to the world, but nevertheless it iw fact, that the marine hos- pital service foresaw the i y. Steps were taken then at the orts of Marseilles and Ghent, where rags were nitory for ex- hrongh our port to Aterica, to proseeu under the cvntrol of the servicé. All of them ure now in active opera- thou The stations themselves and the ramified service counected with them form the only federal safeguards which tho United States go ernment posses#es agains. foreign infection at | this time. ere in Washington in what is known es the Butler building,” an imposing granite struc- | ture ly purehaved by the government, | ‘The headquarters of the service are | 1 consuls, a rigid disinfection. But irrepressible commercial interests, conilicts of authority and jurisdiction and want of coherence in the jarantine regulations prevented absolute oroughness in thik work, so that when, in July and August last, the pest invaded our own shores the quarantine authorities wore obliged to put forth the most strenuous exertions to n- | directly iacing the Capitol on the south. Here | secure in this country only a partial escape Siow for a year. a reorganization of the present | is the nerve center of the entire federal quaran- | from the scourge that then afflicted France, tine service, and lastly the ¢: mn of a @atirely new federal organization in the «bape of & national Loard of health to supersede the | | @xisting system and controi both the local and the present federal quarantines. SUSPENSION OF DEMIGRATION. Ration of most of our measure by which all forcig: i be stopper for a year from Marcis L next. Sar-| geon General Wymar of the marine hospital | service recommends. in connection with ampli- | fled quarantine reg of immigration for y 1 Congressman Maryland has in » House re reign quarai after } Lani emigrants lending on this ¥ conferred on the President . | MEADQUABTERS MAMINE WOSPITAL S#RVICE. state bas introduced another bill to rebabilitate the now defunct board of health and create a Medica! council of seven members and a host of officers to supplant the present marine hos- Pltal service quutantine. Congressman Brosius @f Pennsylvania has introduced still another Measure to enlarge the prevailing system op- rated by the marine hospital service by ad- new federal quarantine stations at Port- Boston, New York, Philadelpia and Bui- timore, besides « suspension of foreign immi- Station for s year. AMPLE PRECAUTIONS NEEDED. Various other precautionary measures of like Intent are suggested, and it will be strange in- deed if, out of the abundance of ideas offered end experience brought to Lear, some adequate m is not evolved speedily’ for the prot mof the uation from the dreaded scourge. ‘The British goverumens bas determined to ap- ta cholera survey with a view to preparing the impending epidemic. Overwhelming Piewure is vow being exerted upou Co every section this country to do its duty in the same regard, and it seems aligost certain that 4 wise measure, comprehensive enough to meet all the requirements of the Situation, will be framed and agreed upon. ample precautions by the United States Government, under @ thorough and uniform @ystem acd intelligent administration, so our sanitary authorities say, there is a bance of keeping the cholera out, but without satictont provision to meet and fight it the danger of its reappearance in virulent form is ¥ im madmen t present indications it would appear to bee foregour couclusion that whatever system May be agreed upon the present organization | ef the marive hospital service and federal | quaranti ibe made ite nucleus and basis, | @round which all necessary amplitications can | Be grouped and upon which all needful structures can be but, | Protecting the country will fall upon the pres- ent federal quarantine service, with the more or lene inefficient c-operation Shade laetictent co-operation of state and locas THE FEDERAL QUARANTINE SERVICE fe bet imperiect!y understood and appreciated throughout the country, and considerabie irri- tation bas resulted in consequence between it end certain local quarantine boards. The fed. eral quarantine and marine tal i Were founded by law as far back as 1 from time to time The | but these powers are restricted | not interfere with the state and | breakwater } San Francisco quarautines tho upper Pacide | GULF STATION, CHANDELEUR I grad- | pital, that on Sinten Island, N.Y. riginel marine hos | Atiantic was designed for the care of sick | Md., ax tine and marine “hospital rervice. From this | building emanate ail orders regarding the | Austria and Germany, notably Hamburg; and they would not have been even thus partially FUMIGATING STATION AT SAN DIEGO. movements of quarantine vessels and the operations of the several stations, and here the whole intricate machinery of the system is supervised and manipulated. NATIONAL AND STATE SERVICES. ‘The assumption is common that there is nodis- tinetive federal quarantine law, but this arises out of ihe comparative incompleteness of the present system and the lack of harmony between the federal and state regulationsund the methods of their execution. The growing tendency to- ward centralization carries with it the idea and purpose of making the national system para- mount and independent of the state systems. The law of 1878, itis true, gives extensive quar- antine powers to the marine hospital service, by a proviso tions must quaran- There is nothing in this proviso, how- ever, to prevent the general government from exercising even greater quarantine restraints than the states may impose, the principle being that while the states may erect a ten-foot bar- rier of defense the United States may add to it five feet more if necessary. Of the eight federal quarantine stations already established one is located at Cape Charles, with hospital at Fisherman's Island, Va.; another is located at the Delaware break- water, with hospital near Lewes, Del.; another, the South Atlantic quarantine, is on Sapolo sound, with hospital at Blackbeard’s Island, Ga.; stil another. the Key West quarantine, With hospital attachment, is on Dry Tortugas Island, Fia.. occupying old Fort Jefferson; the fifth, called the Gulf quarantine, is on the Chandeleur Isiands, twenty-three miles off the coast of Mississippi, with hospital on North Chandeleur island, Ia; the sixth is the San Francisco quarantine, the finest in the world, et Angel Island, Cal.; the seventh is at San . Cal. and the eighth and lust one is at Port Townsend, Wash. PORTS PROTECTED. The Cape Charles quarantine protects the cities and towns on the Chesapeake bay and its tributaries, including the cities of Norfolk, Richmond and Hampton, Va., together with Washington and Baltimore. The Delaware that the national quarantine DISINFECTING STEAMER ZaMonA. quarantine protects Philadelphia nd Chester, Pa., Camden, N. J.. and Wilming- ton, New Castle and Lewes, Del. ‘The South Atlantic and Key West quarantines protect the southern coast; the Gulf quarantine the ports | from Florida to Texas; the Port Townvend and | coast, where there is danger of cholera from | China and Japan, and the San Diego anaran- | tine the lower Pacific coast, which must be | guarded sguizat infection from the porte of mathern | South and Central America and the Pacitte Islands. The marize hospitals proper, which can be utilized im the treatment of isolated cases of ‘holera mland. are nineteen in number, grou, ‘0 eight separate gougra: districts. The uorth Atlantic district includes three hospitals, | located. respectively, at Boston, Mass., Port- land, Me., and Vineyard Haven, Mass. ‘The middie Auantic distriet contains only one hos- | | ernment to see that the: successful had not the President iseued bis proclamation suspending all immigration for twenty days. The stirring events of that peri are still vividly remembered by our coast- dwelling peoplc with a sense of dread of what may yet be in store nex . Wyman, the surgeon general in charge of the federal quai of opinion that a mighty battle will have to be waged throughout the coming spring and summer sguinat the foreign enemy. - Said he to « repre- sentative of Tux Sta: expect that Asiatic cholera will again rag Eur proaching season. It and there ia grave danger of its reappearing in the United States with the arrival of warm weather. Extraordinary precautions will have to be taken at every American port and along our Canadian and Mexican frontiers. These recautions should begin abroad, whonce the Entection is aps to proosed; and if’ immigrants SURGEON GENERAL WYMay. and ships are not in proper sanitary condition for their reception here they should not be rmitted to leave the other side. There should Bota know!edge of places, peoples and ahi with regard to their sanitary status, and to thi end we have already dispatched agents abroad to investigate all these particulars and others and make minute report. Then. in addition to ‘& stoppage of immigration from infected ports, there should be a complete and harmonious un: derstanding and concert of action between the health officers of the whole country, inland as ell as on the seaboard, in order to maintain a inspection and quarantine. A thorough sanitation of all our crowded cities should secured and kept up and perfect isolation and separation of suspicions cases should be pro- for, 60 as ward against all contact. ‘The importance of all these measures canno! be overestimated. Local @id state quarantines, of course, will hardly be willing to incur the added expense incident to these measures, but it is believed to be the duty of the federal gov- '¥ are carried out and to provide the requisite means. SYSTEMATIC REGULATIONS. “The general government should also be em- wwered,” continued Dr. Wyman, “to enforce & systematic code of regulations applicable to all ports alike, so that there may be no discrim- tion. Under existing arrangements ono port may be lax in its quarantine administra- ton for the purpose of diverting trade from other ports where the administration is more strict. or for purposes of economy, or through indifference or negligence, with the result of disastrously weakening our whole system of de- fense. All that ws wrong from a humanitarian and scientific point of view, and remedial should be taken jt q experts in Washin; ton, as elsewhere, ‘could be put thus ina deoen SLAND, MISS. syllables: With proper precautions, compara- tive safety; without them, the gravest danger and a fierce battle. fi i i E ff i iH F fei ot deficiency of ineurred last. . In estimate ie ‘asian ce oe etna oon 2 we LIQUOR AND LAW. Measures Pending in Congress to Regulate the Traffic, HIGH LICENSE PROPOSED. ‘The Several Bilis Introduced—A Measure ‘That is Favored by Liquor Men—The Strin- gent Regulations Proposed by the McMil- lan Bill. THE QUESTION oF YEARLY SIONERS. Tho MeMillan bill requires the consent of property holders and residents in tmmediate neighborhood of the bar room to.be secured for each renewal of the license, ‘The Meredith bill, like the Campbell bill, does not Ie DN ee One of the most important questions rolating to the District of Columbia which Congress has had and till has to deal with is that of regulat- ing the sale of liquors in the District. Even before the laws now on the statute books were virtually declared inoperative, so far as the prevention of the eale of liquor is con- cerned, there was a demand for new legislation on the subject. On the one hand, those in favor of placing greater restrictions on the liquor traffic favored high license and more stringent laws, and, on the other band, repre- sentatives of the liquor interests complained of what they regarded as bardships imposed by the existing law and favored legislation which removed rome of the difficulties encountered by the saloon keepers. Since the rendering of the decision in the Nou case hus left the District almost without any law at allon the subject there is urgent necessity for some legislation. A number ofjbills, some dealing with partien- lar features of the liquor question and vome proposing a general license law, have been in- trodnced and are now pending in the House and Senate. ‘The District Gommissioners have made _spe- cific recommendations on the subject. They sent te the last Congress two bills providing for high license, but differing in some particu- lars, In the present Congress a bill introduced by Senator MeMilien and known as the MeMit- lan bill has takon the place of the Commission- €xx’ bill by covering the provisions they recom- mended and more. Ono of the things re- garded us evsential to any new Inw was definite ness aa to what constituted a bar room and asto penalties for violation of the law. Under the existing law, even before the decision of the Nau ruse was rendered, prosecutions frequently failed through various imperfections of the statute, any licensee to obtain such written consent for renewal or continuance of such license, un- less a majority of such owners and residents as aforesaid shall represent to the eaid Commis- sioners, for reasons deemed by the said Com- missioners good and sufficient, after notice to son affected, that the place for which ense is issued.was not necessary or is objectionable, and the genuineness of the sig- natures of such owners and residents shall te certified as hereinbefore provided in re- spect of an original application for such bar room license as aforesaid; and upon the receipt by the said Commisson- ers of such representation it shall again become necessary for tho proprietor of the bar room affected to make a new application for the renewal or continuance of his license, which new application shall in all respects, as to the permission of such owners and residents, be @eemed and taken as an original application and acted upon accordingly: Provided, how- ever, That in all cases of applications for a re- newal or continuance of any license proviourly granted the applicant shall, when necesear: the necessary sum for such renewal or continuance, and upon filing such application and making such deposit every such applicant shail be permitted to continue in business until such renewal or continuance of his license shall | be refused by the Commiseionors, and in caso of ultimate refusal such portion of the sum deposited shall be deducted and retained es the time from the Leginning of the period for which such deposit is made to the date of such refusal may bear to the entire license year or remain- ing portion of the license year from and after the date of Kuch deposit, ‘The Meredith bill provides that no bar shall be iicensed within 400 fect of a school house, but requires the measurements to be mado along usual routes of travel from main en- trances of tho two buildings. It provides also that if the bar room was first established the erection of the achool house may not debsr a license. The minimum distance between bar rooms outside the city limits is put at 500 feet. POLICE INSPECTION. The three bills provide for free entry of po- lice and authorized agents of the Commission- ers into the bar room at any time and for the conspicuous display of licenses. The Campbell bill excepts clubz, wholesale places, hotels and taverns from police inspection and provides no penalty in any caso. The Meredith bill pro- vides that the licenge may be revoked or new license refused if the police District agents are not permitted freely to enter and inspect the place at any time. PRUG STORES AND LIQUOR. The Campbell bill prohibits the sale of liquor by apothecaries except on written prescription of aregular physician, and does not permit more than one enle on the samo prescription, It requires all sales of liquor by druggists to be entered on a book, the kind of liquor sold, and to whem sold, and that this book shall be open tothe inspection of the excise board or any Fepresentative of the board. With relation to the sale of liquor by drug- gists, the McMillan bill provides for sales only on prescription by reputable physicians, the liquor not to be drunk on the place, and that any pharmacist or druggwt who eball sell or dispose of in the District of Columbia any spirituous, vinous, fermented or malt liquors for any purpose or in any manner other than as provided in this act, without having « license for the sale of intoxicating liquors, shall, upon convietion thereof before the Police Court of the District of Columbia, be subject to the same fines and penalties imposed by th act upon any otker person for selling intoxi- eating liquors without a ticense, It also provides that any physician who shall in the District of Columbia make or.give any such prescription for any other than medicinal purposes, or who sball make or give any such prescription in the District of Columbta for the purpose of evading the provisions of this act, or of aiding another to avoid the same, hall upon conviction thereof before the Police Court of the THE PENDING BILLS. Senator MeMillan has introduced, in fact, two general bills—one on February 18 last and on on April 5. The latter, a more complete bill, taking the place of the former, has been re- ported to the Senate with some amendments. Out of the scveral bills introduced in the House the House committee on tho District of Columbia proposes to construct a new bill asa substitute for them all, appropriating the best features of exch. ‘The three important general propositions at present formulated are the. MeMiilan bill on alendar, and the Campbell bill and bill in the House. Of these three the MeMillan bill is the ono which seems to meet with most favor among temperance advocates and others favoring stringent regulation of the liquor traffic. The prokibitionists, of course, cannot logically dorse any license bill. ‘The Campbell bill is re- garded as the one that would be most accepta- le to the liquor men. All three bills provide in the first section that no intoxicating liquors, &c., shall be sold in the District without a license, but the Cam beli bill has a proviso that the provision of the act “shall not apply to sales unade by # pereon under a provision of the law requiring him to sell personal property, nor to sales made by the maker, brewer or distiller thereof, not to be drunk on the premises.” ‘The Meredith bill provides for a license signed by the assessor and approved by the pmissioners. The McMillan bill places the ower to grant or reject licenses solely in the nds of the Commissioners, under the condi- tions laid down in the bill. " The Campbell bill provides for an excise board composed of the chief of police, who shall be chairman, and the assessor and collector of the District to pass upon the question, and makes the action of this board final and conclusive. ‘The board is given power to make such ruics and regulations to carry the act into effect as it may deem requi- site aud proper. A clerk to the board is pro- vided for, who shall be inspector of licenses issued under the act. THE AMOUNT OF LICENSE TAX. All the pending bills propose to incresse the Present license fees. The McMillan bill pro- vides for a fee of 2500 for either wholesale or retail. The Meredith bill fixes the license fees at 250 for wholesale and $150 for retail. The Campbell bill fixes a fee of $250 for bar " District of Columbia be subject Toms cr for Grocers welling in unbroken pack- | to the same fines and penalties that are imposed ages, and 100 for wholomle dealers. Tu all the | by this net upon any other person for selling bills the presence of the liquory with the ap-| intoxicating liquors without alliconse. ‘Tue PENALTY CLAUSES. The penalty clauses of tho Meredith bill pro- vides that any person who shall violate any of the provisions of this act except those of the last section, whose license may be revoked, shall be liable for a first offense to a fine of not more than $150 und costs, and for a second offense to afine not more than $200 and costs. Prose- cutions under this act shall be on information filed in the Police Court of the District of Co- lumbia by the attorney of the said District or one of his assistants. ‘The Campbell bill provides a fino of not loss than $250 nor more than $500, or imprison- ment until the fine is paid, for the first offense of selling liquor without license, and for the second offense imprisonment in the work house for not less than three months nor more than one year in addition to the payment of fines, as abore, It further provides that one having | a license who shall violate any of its provisions shall upon convietion of such violation be fined not less than $25 nor more than $50, and upon every subsequent conviction of ‘such violation duting the year for which much license is issued shall be fined a like amount and in addition to such shall pay a sum equal to 25 r cent of the amount of the tine imposed Yor “the offense immediately Preceding, and in case of on-payment o: the fines and penalties above named shall be imprisoned in the jail of the District till the same are paid. it 1s provided also that any person assisting fn or aiding and abetting the violation of any of the provisions of tho act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and liable to a fine of not less than $50 nor more than $100 for cach offense. THE BOND FEATURE OF THE M'MILLAN BILL. The McMillan bill bas a provision requiring applicants for license to file with the Commis- sioners a bond with two or more sureties, who shall be freebolders in the District, who shall justify in twice the amount of tie bond, ap- proved by tho Commissioners in the sum of $2,000, timat the licensee will not sell or other- wise dispose of any intoxicating liquors at any place other than tho room named in such license, nor on the Sabbath, nor between the hours of 12 o'clock midnight and 5 o'clock in 1B, and that he will keop a quiet and orderly house and not permit gambling with cards or with any other mean wr device for money or its representative or other thing of value in the house or place of business of euch person, and will not sell, barter, give away or otherwise furnish or dispose of such liquor to any soldier or sailor of the United States, nor to any person wearing the uniform of the army or navy of the United States or any part of such uniform: to any minor person norto any 1 dra ‘or to Soldiers’ Home. No person aa surety on any such bond any other bond given pur- is section. pliances for tering them is regarded as prima facia evidence of a bar room. SOME PROHIBITIONS OF THE M'MILLAN BILL, ‘The MeMillan bill provides that any person desiring @ license shall make an affidavit and file it with the Commissioncrs, making oath to his answers to a serics of questions of a most searching character intended to show his quali- fications under the law for receiving a license. No person shall be granted a license who is under twenty-one years of age; who has been convicted of violation of license law within the license year terminating the Sistof October last past or whose license hae been revoked within said license year; who will not person- ally conduct the business and who does not do business for himself and notasan agentof some other; who holds a license for any part of the period for which a license is sought; who in- tends to carry on bar room business within 400 feet of any portion of alot on which a school house of the District of Columbia is built or within 400 feet of a church measured in an air line from that part of the lot on which the church or school house is built to the nearest portion of the lot on which stands the building in which it is proposed to conduct the bar room; who has not Aled with his application the written permission of a ma- jority of the persons owning property and a majority of those keeping house on the side of "the equare where it is designated to locate the bar room and on the side of the square front- ing opposite, ard, if it is a corner, of owgers and residents on both treet on which i ofa square; who designs doing business outaide the city limits within 1,000 foet of any other bar room; who is an employe of the District or who intends to conduct the business under the license in or adjacent to a building wherein is conducted « theater or variety entertainment, REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE CAMPBELL DILL. Under the Campbell vill the preliminary re- quirements prescribed for tho granting of a Hicense as to signers, &c., are similar to those of the present law, ‘The bill then say very placo where in- toxicating liquors are sold 'to be drank on the Premises shall, for the purpose of this act, be Tegarded and considered a bar room, andthe ion of intoxicating liquors and the sell- ing oF disposing of the sufae to be drank on the | premises shall cénstitute and make the place a T room; provided, that this section shall not apply to hotels or taverns or to duly incor- porated clubs: provided further, that any es lished ! otel or tavern having '100 chambers for lodging guests shall always havo the right to obtain for itself a license for a bar room on complying with the provisions of this act, and the petition in such case must be made by the owner or lessee of such hotel or tavern; and rovided further, that not more than’ 500 shall be issued for such bar rooms or malt liquors for = or beverages for any purpose or ‘THE PENALTIES PROPOSED. ‘The license issued under the McMillen bill shail be issued upon the distinct understanding that such license may be revoked by the Com- of the District of Columbia at any missioners time and by the Police Court uy ‘the convic- lumbia shall refund to the holder thereof a sum of money ional to the amount of the sum — such license for the unexpired term Prosecutions under this act are to be on in- formation in the name of the District of Colum- bia filed in the Police Court by the attorney for the said District or by one of his assistants, which information, if defective in form or sub- stance, may be amended at any time before final sentence, upon such terms as shall be pre- scribed by the presiding judge, and any person violating eny provision of any section of this act shall, on conviction thereof in said court, be punished by fine of not lees than $25 nor more than $100, and in care the license fee or tax shall not ‘have been paid, not loss than $1,000 in addition to the above penalties; and pen auch conviction the person so convicted il stand committed to Asylum for a period not less than not longer than two years, un- and penalties and license fees and all costs be sooner fully paid. And if tho person so convicted sball bold a license under the provisions of thisact tho court may upon the first conviction, and shall upon the second conviction, in addition tothe penalties and pun- ichment provided by this act, direct the revos tion by the Commissioners of the District of Columbia of the license of the person so con- victed, and no person whose license bas been so revoked ehall bo granted any further. ticcase thereafter. See SEG ANOTRER SECRE POLITICAL PARTY. Kansas Republicans Organizing the United American Mechanics. pondence of The Evening Star. Torna, Kas., December 29, 1892. Tt bas been fully demonstrated in Kansas and other westeru states during the past three years that a secret politicnl society exerts a wonderfil influenco on the voter. In on year 90,000 voters in Kansas became member of the Farmers’ and Citizens’ Alliance. At first it appeared to be only a social organization,and the candidete for admission was admonished to leave his politics and religion outside the echool Louse when be presented himself for initiation. It wasa “tuking” organization for people liv- ing on the broad prairies of Kansas remote from towns and placesof amusement. There neighbor could meet neighbor. The galiant young countr: lad could accompany his sweetheart to the al- liance lodge meeting, and behind locked doors and curtained windows, in the lonely school house on the plains, they could sing, declaim, read essays and listen to the discussions of the questions of the day by three or four lenders in the ccmmunity, whose opinions are always sought and whose advice is generally fotiowed. With such meetings once » week in the 10,000 country sciool houses of Kansas it is really’ no wonder that a new party should rise, which, by the help of 40,000 democrats, was able to sweep from power ihe party that has held almost un- interrupted control ince old John Brown and Jim Lane led the fight to make Kansas free. Republicans observed the tendency of the alliance and although they were nearly beaten in 1890 they insisted that a secret political or- nization could not live and flourish in a state like Kansas, where 40,000 sons of veterans and 80,000 ex-Union soldiers had found homes, gen- erously given them by the government’ they defended and helped to eave. This class of men, they said, would never be caught in the alliance net and adroitly drawn into. the People's parts. Tt required tho rocent defeat of the republican party in Kansas to convince many that the fire and enthusiasm which fol- lowed the close of tho war had completely died out in Kansas and that old soldiers as well us thousands of other former republicans had ceased “voting as they shot.” A REPUBLICAN SECRET OROANIZATIO: A year ago the republicans decided to go into tho secret society business to offset the allianee movement. ‘The Knights of Reciprocity was organized in many counties in the state, and fora whileit flourished. It was simply a re- publican society and none but republicans or those who believed in protestion and reeiproc- ity with the South American countries were admitted. But it soon declined and today there is not a lodge in the state that holds regular meetings. jetermmined effort was made to organize republican league clubs, but with all the patriotic songs well rendored by gleo ignt interest could not be awakened. Since their party was swept fcom power in the recent eyclone the leaders have had time to sit down and calmly discuss their present con- dition and the causes which led to the party's downfall. They admit that a general demand for a change in social and financial conditions had much to do with it, but the main reason assigned is the splendid organization in the people’s party ranks, which was perfected in the secret meetings of tho Farmers’ Alliance. There is no question about this, and to meet this condition with « similar organization in the fight to be made in Kansas and other west- ern states two years hence is ® question which is just now engaging the serious thought and cousideration of leading western republicans, UNITED AMERICAN MECHANICS. They tried the Knights of Reciprocity and the Patriotic Order Sons of America without benefit, so they have decided to try something new and have hit upon the United American Mechanics, which has had a wonderful prosper- ty in some of the castern states, although new to Kansas. The national organizer of this order has been in Kaneas ten days and bas organized sufficient local lodges to perfect a state organi- zation. It is very popular aud already hun- dreds of republicans have joined it. District organizers will be put in the field and every cotnty will be visited and lodges stituted. ‘This work will be commenced in Iowa, Ne- braska, tho Dakotas and all the agricultural states of the west and northwest, ODJEOTS OF THE ORDER. ‘The objects of this order are: To maintain and promote the interests of Americans, and shield them from the depressing effects of for- eign competition; to assist Americans in ob- taining employment; to encourage Americans in business; o establish a sick and funcral fund, and to maintain the public school aystem of the United States and to. prevent sectarian intezference therewith and uphold the reading of the Bible therein. Any male person over sixteen vears of age of good moral character who will subscribe to these provixions may be- comea member. The order is anti-Catholic, anti-socialism and opposed to the admission of foreigners to our shores who will not obey the laws of the country In its declarations of principles this new order deca: jeans have no prejudice c inst a man becquee he was born in a foreign Jand; they demand equal rights for him under the law, and accord equal privileges under their political system 0 ‘him if thes'ean dese with eafety to ‘their country and without im-| periling its free institutions; but with imumi- | gration so incroasing aud unrestricted, citizen- ship so easy ard cheap and a ance and ance of power in three-fourths of the etates of our Union, all patriotic citizens recognize the necessity for strictar izamigration and naturalization laws, for a more general education of the youth of our land and a deeper. reverence for law and authority. | these things To the gain together and rs, form- representing their ‘nation- Irish vote, the Ge havo no right to exist on American soil, and to whom political leaders who never entertain idea of patriotism cater most obsequiously.” Tt is the belief of leaders in this movement that the order of United American Mechanics will have a phenomenal growih not ouly in the West, but in all the northorn rtates during the coming two yeara It unquestionably has the sanction of the leading republicans of the nation and has been selected as the most avail | able secret organization with which to muster the republican yote of the couatry and to arouse the patriotiem of republicans who have gone into other movements and fix their minds for the contest four vears hence. Is is the belief of those who are organizing in Kansas that the principles of this order will catch every Protestant, and thus, for the fir time array that solid body of me with the repub- lican party. One of the organizers seid that “The fact that the foreign vote of the two great cities of this country—New York and Chicago— was suficient to elect Grover Cleveland wnr Teason enough for any republican to aid the upbuilding of this order in overx communit; In my opinion it is the only secret society which will compete with and wipe out the Farmers’ Allince.” ‘ctecmeistipemneeenes LODGE IN THE LEAD. An Interesting Fight for the Massachusetts Senatorship. WILLIAM K. BARRETT PRACTICALLY OUT OF THE RACE—WILL THE REPUBLICANS GO INTO A caveus?— SCENCES OF THE LAST CON- TEST—PROBARLE PSITION OF THE DEMOCRATS ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATURE. Corresnondence of The Ever Bostox, Mass., Dec. 29, 1892, Noxt Wednesday the legisintare which is to choose the successor of Senator Dawes will as- semble on Bracon Hill. If, as is alleged, | Henry Cabot Lodge, alive to his own intereste sue, is devoting the holidays to looking tenatorial fences he seems to have d them in a decidedly thrifty state of po- | litical husbandry, if his owa attitude be taken asacriterion. Those who cali on political rrands at No. 31 Beacon street recognize under the Christmas-tide seren their host the staicsman militant of ante-cleo- rarce ing to indicate that any kind of campaign i Congressman Lodge gave the address on Fore- fathers Day before the Congregational Club and those present remarked that his tes- timony had the calm faith of one who felt calling and loction sure.” He | spoke Tuesday evening at the banquet of the Mretic Valiey Club om “The Presenk System of Banking,” and kept etrictly to his toxt, though {he was in the house of his friends, and their | enthusi: wasa temptation to confidential | discourse on his candidacy and its prospects, But these outward and visible signs of a co | test well in hand do not lead any of the know- ing ones to imagine fora moment that there has been any relaxing of the vigilance whi has from the start characterized Mr. Lodge's campaign for the eeat of Senator Dawes. The hip thus far bas been admirable. The early in September in the republi- Inacmuch as several eto choose n state legit shall elect a ‘United States Senator’ as well as our state affairs, republics: cauous and elect a United States out seeking the advice or combination with any other political party or parties.” ‘There were some dissenters, however, and Speaker Parrett was among them. His papers, the Advertiser and Record, did not think the legislature could be instructed before it was chosen and might conclude to do as it pleased when it assembied, Speaker W. E. Barrett was then Mr. Lodge’ most formidable opponent for senatorial honors, the only other being ex-Congressman W, W. Crapo. Purrett's strangth Iny in the fact ‘thai he bad been chosen speaker by four successive Jogisiatures. He came to be looked upon as kind of wizard, a mast main, art of manipulating Masenebusetts legislatures, and as the legislature has to choose ihe United States Senator Mr. Barrett's aspirations pre- sented a formidable front. But just here the “plain peop! setta” stepped in, They didu't this ambitious young speakor wa flcast never served that apprenticeship in the national House of Representatives which Mas- sachusctts is wont to require of ite United States Senators. It looked us if he was tryinga short cut to the seat honored by Webs: Cheate and Sumner. When the legitlative con ventione began to be called the prejerences of the rank avd file of the party began to make themselves feit. So strong did the current of ror set toward Mr. Lodge that even Mr. Bar- friends were in many instances obliged to undergo a change of heart or else give up all thought of being candidates themselves. At least 100 legislative conventions instructed their candidates to vote for Lodge for Senator and scores adopted anti-Barrett resolutions. The result, so far from jeopardizing republican sucess, swelled the legislative republican m: jority from 66 to 110 on joiut ballot, or two- thirds of each branch, ir. Barrett is no longer a senatorial posei- bility, if indeed he is any longer an aspirant. He ‘was obliged to choove between a fightin ce of re-election as speaker and a seni torial forlorn hope. He selected the altern: tive, thus leaving the field to Mr. Lodge an Mr. Crapo, with the star of Nahant far in the ascendant. NOT To BE A WALK OVER. A restless and spectacle-loving public doce not Teadily consent to have the raco become a walk over, though they are perfectly willing Mr. Lodge should win. They recall the exciting scenes of six years ago, when the “Old Guard,” led by Beard and Thayer, rallied for the re-elec- of Senator Dawes, and the “Young Repub- licans,” captained by Lodge, Burd others, put forward ex-Gov. Long for | torial ‘sent, only to ses their forces divided on | the eve of battle by the unexpected appearance | of ex-Gor. Robinson in the field. ‘The story of the contest when seat was up before is conci: that were taken. ‘The vote in each branch prior to the joint ballot stood ae follows: | Senate. House. Total. cry 5 76 H. L. Dawes (rep). J.D. Long (rep)... Geo. D. Robinson (req P. A. Coll John E. aussell (dem ). 273 It was anybody's Sight, with the chances | somewhat in favor of Nr. Dawes, Before the | joint ballot next day Robinson's stock, as a re- publican compromise candidate, began to c up, and the firet joint » Long, 53; Robinson, 83: Collins, 92; Russell, whole mi 133. umber of votes, 275; necessary to choice, The second joint ballot began with changes from Collins to Dawes, and when it became aj parent to the democrats that their votes elect Dawes enough votes changed in fifteen minutes to msure Dawes’ return to the Senate, No less than seventy-five democratic votes went to Dawes, but the changes di Seventeen votes wert from Robinson to Dawes; eight from Long to Dawes, and seventeen from | the example of that prince of i ‘They hay barnees, arash, "It will | tom-tome to eall them Gor, i ¢ f Ht tet ail | makers are wont to congregate, | only once. and then the eam) Springfield last Friday, and said his cases would | Of the state during Jani Gov. Long has kept since his retirement, but | that « public-spirited and gifted man cagh' | do. He is a willing worker on the ‘ {ium be feels that the party certainty bes » ‘ess claim upon him now before tt bad bon- ored him. Gov, Long was carly int | to his intentions regarding the sena' | while he admitted that the honor was one | any man might prize, he said he was ne | “Nar tone Mr. Loge | Mr. as since assured Mr. | sonality that be te wot tn the euce-and’ tact | while bis name may be used by newspapers and politicians from time to time it will never be Wish bis consent. This personal aseurance of Gor. Long moans much. In the Gret place he isa man of b a his word 08 good a his bond. In the second place be de nounced in the severest terms, both fa public ad pr or. Re lowing b. States Senator in 1887 would not do i “ are going to run for Renater, i i } only to H * man and must return to iy profession make some money. I will not bee candi- sis the accepted version of their agres- and Kobin al, if reluctant. re olow bu popule ity the man to may he led to be ome. All . including the Senator from the district whore he lives, are strong supporters of Mr. Lodge gocesman Greenhalge is another name Jagainst Mr. Lodge, but he promptly He said be wid Mr. Lodge a y honor b keep po uit himself in con tion with the seat he wished it distinetl 1 that he was for Lodge, o have the Lon E AND CRAPO THE CONTESTANTS, This really narrows the contest on the re publican side to Lodge and Crapo, on the face of the present returne Mr. Crapo's strength lies almost wholly in the old “cape” district, which he once repre- senied in Congress, and in parts of Bristol county. | Outside of the circle where hie genial and gentlemanly personality has umpresed it- self be is regarded aa deficient tn “get there” qualities. "He has come. to be knows, as the Perennial gubernatorial candidate who bes never been nominated. The state is looking for younger blood ti r. or William M. Butler of New Bedford has charge of the Crapo “boom” and takes pains to assure every one tthere is to te « big fight for the senatorship, He doesn't ssem able to tell, however, where the opposition. to Mr. Lodge is coming from or ite present mensions are, Do the supporters of Mr. Crapo intend to Ko into the republican caucus?” was ssked of Senator Eatler. Is there to be a senatorial caucus?” imao- cently replied the Crapo captain, When reminded of the action of the state convention he added with a twinkle in his eye “Well, 'm not femiliar with the action of the convention, but Imay look up the record and ace Just what was done.” Letters asking the support of the western Partofthe state have been sent out by Mr. Crapo's iriends, addressed to W. Murrey Crane, tho Massachusetts member of the re national committee, Mr. Hyde of Congressmnan-clect Gillette and others, met with scant encouragement, CONGRESSMAN LODOE'S #TRENOTH, Congressman Lodge's strength is in the great countios of Easex, Middlesex and Suffolk. He has every oue of the twenty-two membre from his own cougressional district, with the single exception of Representative Barrett, Ee te asso expecially strong among the farmers in the western part of the state They adraire hie fighting qualities and the way be viviseows the mugwumps on the stump. ‘The voice of the re hills isecboot im the following crisp extract from the Greenfield, Mas., Gasrtle and Courier: “If the wng- Tarps. the democrats and those republicans attached to other mens ambitions in Massachu- have setts could have their united way Henry Cabot Lodge would not be elected to the United States Senate. No should be to inspect thoroughly the soarces of opposition before weakening in their support et the man Massachusetts meeds in the Seuste i= the coming years.” ANALYZING THE LEGISLATORE ‘There are 280 members in both branches of the neat legislature, of whom 195 are republi- vote in both branches 141 will be necessary toa choice. Mr. Lodge's friends clnim that he has 160 votes, leaving Crapo bat i that no los than 130 members have bound by caucus instructions to vote for Mr. Lodge. a give Lodge 110 of the re- publican representatives, and claim 85 votes for theinselves or a “fighting chance to win ther. In any case Mr. Lodge would have a majority in a republican caucus and would be the party nominee if the instructions of the state be carmed out. The fact that Mr. Crapo’s friends affect hope when by their own figures they ae defeated if =z =e caneas shows that ther propose to fight shy of one, In view of this fact t becomes tn to know what the democrats to do with their 85 votes. As a rule they are following gists, “Brer Rabbit.” They are layin sayin’ nuthin’. Mr. Josiah Quincy bas: the proverbial exception in the came. A\ Tecent dinner of the Massachusetts Reform he referred to Mr. Lodge's candidacy and that be had once tho to use every effort to his comstant rath it cue to permit the to fight atorehip out among themselves, This Mr. Lodge much better than Mr. must win if at all by the aid of ij E ie f é to Kwbinson. The final vote stood: i E E i [ | fFE tpt Hl ite