Evening Star Newspaper, December 17, 1892, Page 9

c., = 17, 1892—SIXTEEN PAGES. SOUTHERN SAVAGES. ——___. Peoples Who Will Ada Interest to the World’s Fair. WHERE NAKEDNESS RULES. —— ON itien of Many Sorts of Odd Folks—Queer WAY® Of the Tiorra Del Fuegans—The Pata- cenians and the Arsucasians--Feather Deesses and Blow Guns. HE EXHIBIT OF THE Department of State illustrating the various native races of South dtheir man- customs is expected to be one of the most interesting feat- ures of the world’s ex- Position at Chicago. Commissioners sent out by the burean of the American republics have brought back = Fast quantity of material for the purpose, in- cluding paintings and photographs represeat- ing different human types, costumes, weapons of war and of the chase, domestic utensils, in- dustrial tmplements and products, &¢ Even the carinibals of Tierra del Puego will represented at the fair by life-hke groups of ing them as they appear te of nature, engaged in their every-day Ib r redeeming be that the on the strange teland which the ex- siled the Lact of Fire, be- 2 whi nativ ted the absence of Haege far regions of arctic, wore the it most intense, aect peste abound and rend atin Tierra Fuego they a found owing to the intensity of 1 x frome dampness of the Tucre are m the island aud no reptiles whate The savare inhabit- ant, wi tanding the frigidity of the atmosphere, go almost uaked, wearing no thes save the skin of some animal hung over windward side of the body. The m with them coiled about the body in such a manner that the weapon can be cast loose with aturn of the band. On be- ing thrown the balls diverge in obedience to centrifuga) force and fly round and round in the air. The aim is not to make one or more of the balls strike the object, but to make some rt of the hide thongs uniting the bolas come inte contact with the person or snimal thrown *t—whereapon the impetus communicated to the bails causes the to wind themselves around the victim. very likely either strangling Bim or braining him by the contact of the balls with his skull. So terrific is the gripe of the thongs that Europeans who have been strack with the bolas have suffered from weals like those made bya cowhide whip on the bare fiesh. The Patagonians can throw the bolas so dexterously as to fasten aman to his horse. | They use the instrument to capture ostriches, guanacos and other game. RXPERT BIRD CATCHERS. In another kind of bunting the Patagonians use ry simple implement, consisting of « light reed about eight foet in length, at the end of which is a uoose composed of a strip cut from the side of along feather. This noose has sufficient pliability to be drawn tight when nd suificient elasticity to keep itself open. Furnished with this tool,the bunter looks out for a partridge on the ground, and. when he finds one, begins riding round end round it im an ever-decreasing circle. The lis much perplexed by this conduct, and, it cronchesclosely to the ground. By degrees’ the young hunter—this #port being only practiced’ by boys--comes so | close to the bird aa to be able to slip the noose wer its head, jerking it into the air. An expert bird catcher willsecure three or four birds in aa hour by this curious method, which may be pursned on foot as well as on horseback. How- ever, the sport can only be continued during middle part of the day, because if the »w of the hunter falls upon the partridge the latter shakes off the #trange feeling which paralyzes its energy and flies away. All taturalists are aware of the alarm caused by a shadow falling on some avimal which they are watching or trying to capture, and in order to approach most insects one must keep the in- sect betwoeu one’s self and the sun. Among some of the Patagonian tribes the tombs of the dead aré opened at regular in- als and the skeletons are washed with the satest care and clothed in new robes. This e belongs toan old matron specially se- lected for the tatk, which becomes in time @ long and tedious one, as the warriors are placed side by side in the grave, each year adding to the uumber of those who have to be washed and clothed annually. THE ARATCANTANS. Northward and westward of Patsgonia dwell the Araucanians, who are such formidable war- riots that the Spaniards have given up trying to conquer them, and the Spanish settlers in Chile have toa considerable extent interbred with these uatives. The latter do not allow any hair to grow on their faces, but pull it all out with tweezers, even to the eyelashes and eyebrows, substituting for the curved lines of black paint, |b \ instead of fying awa: They say that only averaging about five feet in are enormously powerful, and the women are a@ strong mrusculariy as their hns- bands. One accomplishment posemed by these remarkable pe: aa amazing okill in the throwing of They fling them with both b and ith such force and we ble antag: the mor vafing in the dexterous the old-time Balearic use of that im delande’ RA DEL FUEOAN FIsHEREES. ‘The natives of Tierra del Fuego get their food chiefly from the sea. They use no books in fishing, bat manage to jerk the fishes out of the water by means Having caught « sumple iting a piece out of ite belly and Trcboweling . They are careful to put the shells of the mollu they consume in heaps, lest other shell fish might take warning by scat tered ehelty and go away. Howe in which they display the g: fn catching fieh with dogs & peculiar breed, are little white w: My animals, with bi nt. to sell brought awar by travele ok 4 prize at the last di “aH Witt THE AID OF Doss. | shes come near «hore these | ad inclose them. splashing and have driven the shoal into « reek where the rmit the use « tch bird apen wd fetching them The latter tale littie onre of the dogs, permitting them to Fuegars have we euce, but move at Other as often as tt dkey dwell mostly in eaca bee hunting, « sj fond. hair. d beads. chotwe at hiv frie her with presen: quently in-law i a that | to bim Asam t object tice them, their language, ref @native of an tn book. Te vast ARATCANIAN c} HIRE. eyelashes hinder their vision in the pursuit of rt of which they are very ‘The bair of the head is cut short at the top. but is permitted to grow long at the sides. When two boys quarrei_ one of them commonly challenges the other uot to fisticuffs, but to pull The combatants allow each other to fair grasp of the long locks truggle begins, each trying to twist the head of his opp: and the ent so as to bring him to the their feelings, employed being nearly jewsharp. awain of this nation is never’ seen without his sharp hanging from his neck, tied upon a je block of wood to prevent it from and decorated with strings of man; Furnished with this the lover mself at a little distance from the object produces a series of doleful his glances and gestures denoting the ei for whom th thinks it is time for marriage he, assisted makes a pretense of carry girl away Gy force, but in reality he pays for to her father given subse- | ter of etiquette his mother- In fae’ are meant. ground. The fight continues until one Mas the t, the ids. is the usual mode by which Araucanian express strument the always love-sick ng When he ‘ing the 0 pretend to be offended, and DREAD OF nooRS. white men and asked hat they have any. en alarmed by books. is more inexplicable to one of these natives than to see a white man, evidently ignorant of to « book and shen way the word which he Being performed to tell They are convi sometimes does not speak | v yeure afterward. many other savages the Araucanians on to allow a stranger to ow their names, thinking that by means of such knowledge wizards may be able to prac- When brought in contact their names much Nothing inquisitive mind pointed to ‘ious objects im order to see whether his Visitor could find oat their names by d that the ered into the 7 them these scepters are kept in cylindrical cases when not required for use on feast days and other occasions of ceremonial. Asa further adornment for these feather garments trim- riage are employed consisting of, tho, ‘ing cases of gorgeous beetles. which look sple when the sunlight shines on them, rattling at every movement of the dancers who wear thera. The wing cases are also used for chil- dren's rattles. PRESERVING RUMAX MEADS. ‘These Mundmruous are the eavages who pre- serve bumag heads tn such a fentarkable ‘way. When one of their warriors has killed an enemy he cuts off the head with his bamboo knife, re- moves the brain, goaks the head in a vegetable oil, takes out thé akull and dries the head by patting hot pebbles inside of it, taking care to reserve all the features and the hair intact. y repeating the process with the,hot pebbies many times the head finally becomes inken to the size of a small doll’s head, though still retaining its human aspect, eo that the effect produced is very weird and ‘uncanny. Lastly, the head is decorated with brilliant feathers and the lips are fastened together with a string, by which the head is suspended from the rafters TESTS OF COURAGE AND ENDURAXCE. The possession of ahead proves that the owner bas passed through the dreadful “ordeal of the gloves,” becauce no one who has not un- dergone this ordeal successfully is permitted to fight in battle. In that country there isa kind of ant as big as. wasp and as venomous. It ts called the ‘muniri.” There is another ant known as the “fire ant,” the bite of which feels like a red-hot needle piercing the flesh. Such ants as these are used for testing a youth's courage and endurance. Two bamboo tubes, closed at one end and open at the other, are taken and in each are put anumber of these MUNDRUCUS DESSICATED HEADS. fierce ants, These “gloves” are then put on the lad’s arms and tied ¢o that they cannot fall off. Accompanied by drummers. and singers the lad then goes around tho village. dancing | 6, and singing as if he enjoyed the torture which | ¢; the bites of the ferocious insects inflict upon him. He sings his song for the last time before the chief's tent. If be has gone through it all without flinching once or exhibiting any sigh of suffering he is thereupon declared to bea man, A MEADACHE cURE. e used by the Mundurncus and ‘guarana” has recently attained mach popularity in the United States and in Europe asa headache cure. It is made from the seeds of a climbing plant, which areroasted in their envelopes and then taken out and pounded be- tween stones. The powder thus obtained is mixed wtth water, so ay to form a stiff puste, which is molded into cubes and left to dry. When used the vegetable brick is scraped into water, about a teaspoonful going to the pint, and the medicine is complete. It has a stimu- lating effect on the system and is very valuable in the treatment of certain forms tent fever. These savages utilize largely as food the nuts of the tree which bears what are called “monkey cups,” because the seeds are contained in a hard spherical en- velope, which has amovable lid that falis off when the fruit is ripe, so that the monkeys are able toget at the nuts inside. The so-called | Brazil nuts grow in a similar fashion, but the | spherical cups containing them have no lids | an and must be sawed or broken open. When the | B fruit is ripe it falls to the ground with such | force that if it were to strike a man on the | head it would kill him. In order to guard themselves against such accidents the Mun- durucus always wear thick wooden caps when ther go after Braz} nuts and are careful to walk very upright, 80 as not to be struck on the back of the neck. THE BLOW VIPEW IX GUIANA. ‘The blow pipes used by the savages of Guiana for shooting poisoned arrows ful weapons indeed. ‘The climate of this equa. torial region, being both very hot and vers moist, produces a vegetation of astonishing luxuriance. ‘The forests are commonly ankle deep in water for mile after mile, and, conse- ently, the animals found there mostly inhabit e trees. Monkeys are exceedingly numerous. For killing these tree-dwelling creatures the biow gun is the best possible instrument. It is made from a peculiarkind of reed and, although eleven or twelve feet in length, its weight is only a pound and a half. It is provided, like a rifle, with a fore sight and back sight, the latter being made of the teeth of a small beast called the acouchi. The natives are most careful re- specting the straightness of their blow quns and never allow them to Jean against anything lest they should be warped. The arrows em- ployed are made from the leaf ribs of a kind of palm, made to fit the bore of the gun by a wrapping of wild cotton fastened with » fiber of silk grass. Great art is required to put on the cotton properly. ‘The arrow is about ten inches long, no thicker than a crow quill, and at one end is brought to a point as sharp as a needle by scraping it between the keen-edged saw-like teeth of the pirai fish. One half of a parai jaw is always suspended to the quiver. THE VEGETABLE rorsox used for envenoming the arrows is called curari.” It is extremely pewerful and will killa man within a few minutes when intro- duced into the circulation by an arrow point, though it is harmless when swallowed. It is very difficult to procure the strongest ‘“curari” from the natives, who are most unwilling to part with it. The arrowheads are kept enre- ‘ate from the shafts asa precaution idonts, the savages themselves being very much afraid of the poisons which they employ. ‘fhe secret of preparing the poivon is handed down by the modicine men from gen- eration to generation, and the common people are not permitted to know it. ‘The process is a very complicated one. First must be cought the curari vine, which is closely. allied to the tree which furnishes strychnine, and to the upas tree from which the Dyaks of Borneo get the poison for their arrows, When th poison maker has fourd the enrari he loo fortwo bulbous ts, the stems of which yield a glutinous juice. Anoth: vegetable ingredient is a bitter root. com- monly used by these savages in poiso: water for the purpose of catching fish. To the mixture composed of these elements the medicine inan adds two kinds of venomous ants and the poison fangs of two deadly «pecies fi A accepted today in pay a box of soap. Thi notes and bonds, which compose the collection described, are worth at present nothing more than their value as waste paper, save in so far 4s certain specimens are in demand by collect- ors. teresting by reason of tho fact that it repre- sents the most complete existing assemblage of th in chronological order, one follows from start to finish the history of the flict\that the worid has ever seen, of a nation is always told most interestingly by its mone: replaced by a more consery! tho Wate of payment at ratification of a treaty of confederate states and the United States,” ang this latter form holde up to the end of th The money is patterned pretty closely after Unele Sam’ ing are feebly imitated by the processes of pho- tolithograph; was employed is quite an entertaining anecdote in itself. = G. Meminger of South Carolina on taking of- to Richmond. was brought up in Congress money, its action in thecontederate government being denounced as disloyal. CASH WORTH NOTHING A Unique Oollection of Confederate Paper Money Owned by Uncle Sam. WORTHLESS NOTES AND BONDS Curious History of Different Insnte—How the Money of the Rebellion Was Counterfeited— Disastrous Speculations—The Last Check : work, but was made pa eer er aca ces be discredited. ‘There was a painful the circumstance that the counterfei 4B #E E i i Ss sautlirdcte the cotton which war only capital the latter So. great haxin inflicted by the circulation of these coun- terfeits that it was seriously proposed to inflict the penalty of death upon any one who was convicted of making or passing them. Book of the Confederacy. DEPRECIATION DURING THR WAR. teieeis Sees mz At tho beginning of the war Sie Soufadorete Paper money was current at par. It soon bezan IDDENAWAY AMONG | 4, depreciate, however, and by 1968 ite market the archives of the) value had fallen to about 50 per cent. Toward ‘Treasury Departmentis | the end of the rebellion it was worth so little a curious volume which few people have ever looked into. Though ‘~nothing more nor less es less than $200,000. The is becanse confederate Nevertheless the volume is extremely in- the “‘shinpiasters” put in circulation as prom- ises to pay by the government of the south dur- ing the war of the rebellion. . A HISTORY Tx MONEY. Looking over the pages of the scrap book, rious issues of currency being arranged eatest civil con- The story “Two years after date the confed- rate states promise to pay,” reads the inscrip- ion on the carliett notes, but very soon this is ive legend, setting ix months after the eace between the war. but the clear lines of steel engrav- Why this method of printing ‘THE FIRST SUPPLY OF CONFEDERATE NOTES. It will be remembered, perhaps, that Charles jco us the first secretary of the confederate treasury made a contract with tho American Bank Note Company of New York for a supply of paper not The order was filled, a considerable quantity of the curren safely delivere factory the bank note company was req! to send on the engraved plates. ‘This was done, but the Un alert and board of the vossel which was conveying them | ‘# later this matter | 7 1 | ing the rebellion, but this government was or $1,000, $500, $100 and $50. v being shipped to Richmond and ‘The goods being found eatis- nested ed States government was on the eded in capturing the plates on A few y argument against employing Note Company to print United lending such services to | RIVALRY POW CONFEDERATE CONTRACTS, Now, at the time when the war began, the merican Bank Note Company had a branch e- | twblishmentat New Orieans, which wasconducted by @ man named Schmidt. Subsequent to the event just described plates for $100, $50, $10 and €5 notes were engraved there and printed from. | This did not last long, however. lanton Duncan, lieutenant colonel of a Ken- tucky regiment, started a private establishment at Richmond for producing paper currency by lithography. obtaining contracts to supply the confederate treasury. Other shops were set up later on for the same purpose, and the rivalry for government contracts being very great, they all united against Schmidt. At that period any northern man residing in the south was an object of suspicion and hatred, being regarded as an enemy and presumably’ an abolitionist which term signified everything that was dete: table and discreditable to manhood. Accord- ingly the governor of Louisiana, yielding to public sentiment, swooped down upon the branch office of the Bank Note Company, and confiscating ail the material in the shape of plates, tools, “e., distributed it among the lithographic printers. NOW THE NOTES WERE SIGNED. Abont half a dozen of these lithographic es tablishments at Richmond and at Columbia, S. C.,coutinued to print paper money for the | confederate treasury up to the close of the war. From the beginning to the end of the confiic not far from $1.500,000,000 in shinplasters of various denominations were turned out and put into circulation. Looking over the curious serap book described one notices that each note is actually signed in pen and ink with the names of the treasurer and register of the treasury, the serial numbers being put on in like manner. ‘This was accomplished by employing clerks to tign for those officials, ‘They were arranged to work in pairs, one signing for tho register and the other for the treasurer. ‘The numbers were added by a third person. At the beginning this labor was performed by men, but they were in such demand for fighting purposes that women were substituted later on. Altogether 244 women and 63 men were engaged in this task | during the rebellion. ‘Thoy did the signing aud numbering of the notes by sheets, which were Afterward cut up. SUPPLIES YROM GREAT BRITAIN, One complaint that was made against Schmidt | was that he washorribly slow, and this was a very serious matter where ther8 was an immediate necessity for almost unlimited supplies of a negotiable medium. ‘The lithographic estab- lishments imported the per and other material in immense quantitios by blockade runners from England. They also obtained from Great Britain their workmen, nearly all of whom were Scotchmen. The firm of Keat- inge & Ball, at Columbia, survived all the other y trying te d nu the we Sometimes in dand the « wai 23 of the victim js made into a drink called object which r the it nig- Araucanians The large bones of the ¢ made into flutes the east of the Araucanian territory lies forest region which means great forest. times as large ns G ited by « people Spaniards and P the Gran It is about Tn Chaco, cup for three t Britain and is inhab- vnidable in war that the we have desis a in warm A FUEOAN BELLY. ttle strip of cloth, though when it is col rmy both men ‘a protect them- F otter skin. ‘They arebacked without ile or bit and with ouly ® bridle of plaited hide. ‘They carry both tho bolas and the lasso, though using the spear for war. This latter weapon is sometimes fifteen feet Jong and the great horseme: snakes. The whole is allowed to simmer over a fire, the snake's fangs and ants boing pounded and thrown into the pot. ‘The boiling is continued until the poison is reduced tow thick brown sirup. Finally a few arrows are dipped experimentally in the poison and its ef- fe tried upon some animal or bird. If satisfactory the poison is poured into a spheri- cal earthenware pot, in which it is kept, care- fully covered over with leaves, to exclude air and moisture. From Chrirtmas Puck Mrs. Buffer—““That’s a nice shoe bag of yours. I bad u present of one like it—" rs. Muffer—“Shoe bag? That's a photo- graph case! Mra. Greely, who gave it to me, told me to, Mrs. Buffer—“Horrors! And I thanked Mrs. Greely for a shoe bag! I’vea mantel drapery like yours, too.” Mrs. Muffer—‘Is that » mantel drapery?” Mrs. Buifer—“‘Certainly: Mrs. Spriggs, who gave me mine, to!d me to.” Mrs. Maffer—And I thanked Mrs. Spriggs M. ra) NK money printing concerns, and toward the end the official engravers for the confederate treas. ury. Their factory was déektroved by Gen. Sherman on his famous raid of 1865. In 1864, | because of the continued quarrels ainong the different people who did the printing of the currency, the treasury appointed an officer with | the title of superintendent, whose daty it w: to conduct dealings with ‘the lithographic en- gravers and to superintend all matters respect- ing the: production of the paper currency When the confederate government was on th point of falling, the gentleman who occupied the position of superintendent asked the secro- tary of war whither the printing office and ap- paratus should be removed, and the latter re- plied simply ‘To h——L” EXTENSIVE COUNTERFEITING. Asif there had not been other causes suffi- cient to depreciate the value of the confederate currency that government was still further em- barrassed by the counterfeiting on an enormous scale of ite Issues of money. Gangs of Sthan a scrap book, it is filled from cover to cover with money. Al- together it holds not contents are real cur- rency of legitimate is- sue, and yet the whole of them would not be ent for a bag of flour or ofthe war they had all the contracts and were | that one had actually to be a millionaire in order to liveat all. Milk cost $40 a quart, and in one recorded instance « southern gentleman | with a fair appetite paid $105 fora very modest lunch at a restaurant—such a meal as one could get for about 45 cents in Washington now. At the fall of the confederacy tne currency for only 1 centand a fraction on the dollar. An ex-colonel of volunteers, located in Wash- ington, told the writer an odd story of an inci- dent which occurred when the army of the Po- tomac was in full pursuit of Lee's forces. As fast as the wagon trains of the enemy were overtaken they wore pillaged,and in one of them were found the funds of a military paymaster. About £50,000 of the confederate money seized was crammed into a gunny sack and delivered to the officer quoted. In response toa request he gave the entire «um to o sergeant, who af- terward informed him that he had been able to dispose of it at the rate of 25 on €100 to con- federates, the presumption being that the latter expected to be able to use it profitably in parte of the south whero the currency had not yet dropped to nothing in value, If THE SOUTH HAD WoX. Itis very interesting to consider the fact that if the confederacy had beaten the north in the war these notes and bonds, which now are dis- credited and valueless, would be worth money. Of course they would never have been re- deemed ut their face valuation, but they would have risen greatly in the market immediately after the ratification of a treaty of peace, whereas Uncle Sam's paper currency would have gone down with aslump. In 1864 United States notes were so far below par that $1 in gold was equal in value to $1.65 in the paper of this government. Supposing—for anything may be imagined for the sake of argument— that the south had been able to humble the north completely, the confederate states might have demanded that the United States should pay the entire expenses of the rebellion, which would now be called » revolution, such being the term for a rebellion which succeeds, But one of the most serious difficulties with winch the confederacy had to contend was that it was nation withont cash capital. It was obliged at once to resort to subscription b¥ private in- dividuals for its support, and it was compelled to create an artificial circulating medium in the shape of promises to pay which had only a ypothetical value. The government could not go abroad and borrow, because it had no satis- factory security to offer. UNPROFITADLE SPECULATIONS. Gen. U. 8. Grant had a good deal of trouble with speculators, carrying large wads of coun- terfeit confederate currency, who followed along with his army for the pur of buying cotton. He was eventually compelled to adopt very drastic measures for putting a stop to their business. Uncle Sam's paper money was counterfeited to a great extent dur- strong enough to hold the crimiuals in check. Since the war the notes actually issued by the reasury at Richmond have been largely used for fraudulent purposes, and to this day they are frequentiy palmed off upon ignorant immi- auul for or newly arrived in this coun- try. If it were practicable the United States thorities would on this account burn or otherwise destroy ali of the confederate notes and certifi- cates extant, inasmuch as they resemble the national currency closely enough to be danger- ous. Shortly after the close of the war certain persons abroad conceived a notion that when the north and south became reconciled the goverument of the United States would con- sider itself in hono bound to pay the money guaranteed by confederate securities. So they sent over here and bought quantities of the bonds of 1865, paying from #2 to €10 per $1,000. Subsequently a rumor was started to the effect that immense sums in confederate gold had been stored in England and another oom in confederate paper was created. Nev- ertheless none of these speculations has ever proved profitable, A PROPOSED MIXT. At one time the confederate government con- templated starting a mint in New Orleans, with a view to issuing a series of coins, but the scheme fell through. There were no available metals at hand. nor mines from which they could be obtained, and there would have been too miich risk in trying to fetch them through the blockade from avroad. A few 50-cent pieces were actually struck, and those of them now extant heve an enormous value as curiosi- ties, Gen. Rosecrans was anxious to offer a as a part of the exhibit of the United States treasury gt the world’s fair at Chicago, but his suggestion in this regard has not been accepted. THE LAST CHECK BOOK. Four years ago a junk dealer’ in this city, looking over a lot of old paper which he had bought, came across the last check book used by the quartermaster general's department of the confederacy. It had only been partly ex- hausted, owing to the fact that the conclasion of the war rendered it no longer available. At the same time it told a very interesting story of the lust days of the cause which was so soon to be abandoned. There were three checks on each sheet, the first one being dated January 26, 1865, and drawn for $1,170, in payment of stage hire during the last two months of 1864. The firet very big check was No. 8, issued J: wary 28, the stub showing that it was for #120, 000, being given to the Virginia and ‘Tennessee railway for transporting troops. The amount checked out during January was $374.217. of which sum $188,154 was for_ transportati ‘The cause of the rebellion had become prett; hopeless by March 24, when two big checks, as the stubs show. were paid over tothe Richmond and Danville Railroad Company. One of them was for $900,000, but the company was ex- tremely glad to get $15,000 of it in actual a WORTHLESS CHECKS. This was almost the last money left in the treasury of the rebellion. The other check was for $500,000, to be paid in certificates at thirty days. Before these certificates matured the confederacy was no more. The stubs of the checks relate a pitiful tale of the straits to which the government was put for money at that period. Some creditors would insist upon cash, and they were accommodated with small amounts in specie, granting a big dis- caunt for it. If the currency itself was depre- cinted treasury checks payable in confederate notes ut thirty or sixty days were hardly worth the paper they were written on. It must have Veen a noblo thing to see with what sang froid the quartermaster goneral would liquidate off- band a claim for a few hundred thousand dol- lnrs by writing a check for it, when there were not as many pennies in tho vaults. The pay roll of his o@ice for March, 1865, called for $901.33, but evidently the check to cover it waa never issued, because across the stub is written ‘Not used, but destroyed.” Probably the clerks were paid’ off in specie, and were thus enabled to get a square meal without paving a whole ¢ HANDSOME RECEPTION GOWN FOR ELDERLY LADY. Waist and petticoat of yellow silk veiled in lace, princess back and train of heavy black bengaline. eibow sleeves finished with deep flounce and Eton jacket of Jaco paswe menterie. front of tue petticoat is finished with etrips of yellow ribbon finished at bottom with bows, | The | STYLE OF ACTRESSES. The Reorstatchs Their Arts of the Toilet. - PERSONALITY AND FASHION. They Accept Only Such Styles as Suit Them Individually—The Way to Arrage the Hatr—Exacting Fashions—Hate in The- aters: —_-——_. . Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. ‘New Yorx, December 16, 1892. OW, LET Us CON ‘sider how it is that the women of the stage are apt to outdo us in style. What isthe secret of their arts of the toilet? How is it that actresses are 0 generally esteemed beau- tiful women? And how is it thatso many fashions are set by actresses? ‘The one question almost answers the other. The pictures given are made from recent photographs of actresses recognized as possessing beauty. In every case the secret of their attaining their reputation lies in their skill, shared by almost all women on the stage, of adapting fashions to their per- sonality. The mere woman slaps on whatever happens to be “the rage,” and she does so whether the particular rage makes a fright of her or not. The actress will not touch a fashion if it is distinctly and irrevocably unbecoming to her: nor will she touch any fashion without modifying 1t to suit her own needs. ‘The other woman confines herself to the fashion of the honr; the actress searches the modes of all time and adapts to herself what she decides suits her. Or she makes a brand new depa: for herself. Thus it is that she sets fashioris. The mere woman rushes into directoire and empire and Louis XVI because Mile. C'est Sa or Miss Soand So did in the last play, and probably she looks more a fright than ever thereby. The actress adopts, adapts or brings back a fashion because she herself looks well in it, but another woman plunges intoa fashion Deeause some one else has. STUDIEDLY CONVENTIONAL. Again, the actress who finds one mode is of all the best suited to her serenely perseveres in it, whether it is the dictate of the hour or not. ‘This is especially the case in modes of wearing the hair. Has aay hysterical gymnas- tics of fashion ever induced Jane Hading to wear her beautiful hair in any but the one way so well suited to her and at the same time so trying to the usual woman that her wearing of it, hos for years been « sort of palm of beauty to her? Hus the divine Sarah ever been induced to do anything but wob her frizzles in one way or another? Perhaps you do not like the wob, but imagine her insnioothed-down parted locks or in spit curls. ‘Take these pictures for further instance. The first one has a conventional face. ‘not beautiful, except for the fine browsand thelong, dark eyelashes. The arrangement of her Lair is distinetively conventional, with the low soft curls about the foreherd that have go tong been worn and which she, like a wise woman, wear much longer, because they so well emphasize the eyes and brows. Note the show- ing of hair or comb at the back, just high enough to suggest length to » rather square face; not high enough to emphasize the square- ness by a taper effect from the forehead. She has not a very full figure. The bodice is only slightly low, and the filmy quality of the tulle used gives softness of out that the catching up of the sleeve puff is ‘done toward the front. so covering the possil rounded part of the shoulder. The "whole if, dress and coiffure, are apparently con- ventional, yet, as you’ see, carefully thought out and adapted. ines. Notice, too, taken these two first because their gowns and mode of hair are apparently unstudied, vet are carefully adapted to emphasize all good te | and to suppress all that are not #0 are in their very conventionality so well suited to the style of the wearers, The next actress has most cleverly caught and | fixed, by the style of her hair and gown, the | evasive, child-like and pathetic charm of her face. Less fittingly surrounded by details of 8 ViE BECKER, EXPERT sO ea Yeas et ra RS Toe RS eee SOTUE dary chat ome th Tiisewal meet ‘Tara's Haile 1 nvoo wit Out ore eel BARAUER PIANOS Kiewer “ar ‘ sku ‘whan Tosmonenve term: eang. P. TSCHATBOVS: with erest BA a Sse Sea eect ey eet one octet, spree Uerarite aod Sjuares, finished tm att 2 fancy woo x srooxn nah “Pakon “A ig outers, ts thorugh repair” wy ischete re fow'teuron METAL ES cE MENTS fe Prices sudte vorwa wich will oe wON TAY STRATE oe ToT. asp arr REPAINING ant OT i A SUEIN way, wear she would be no more lovely than are | (Ps dozens of other women. Put her ina very low-cut gown, cover her with jewels and farbe- lows, do up her hair in some special and un- conventional way, and where would be the sweet wistfulness of the personality the photo- graph reveals? Tht mistily loose hair, the veiled neck, the dark color setting off her fair nese, the thin moon form of pearls at ber throat —in each modest detail the whole is suited and planned as best suit her moon-like, misty charm of wistful line and droorine eves MODEST IN EACH DETAIL. A face that pe: mits a striking strle of bair and gown is given in the fourth picture, In- deed, put this girl into conventional dress and, thongh she might not miss being pretty, she would miss being the lovely personality this fashion from the Greek makes of her. She is the only one of the lot who has a low, pretty fore- head. Of that you may be sure, because bers is the only f shown. The delicate out- line of her profile is by no means imperatively classic. She bas adopted this style, not because she bad to, but because she knew that » woman whocan wear an exacting fashion gets the more credit for beauty because so few women can doit. Butshe bas adapted it all. The hair about her face is cut short, the soft locks are combed loosely back. Thus she avoids the hard and trying effect of closely drawn hair. The knot at the back is carefully adjusted reference to her chin, which is the least bit rominent. Even her “pose” is made with this fault of her face in her mind. From the full, round throat one would expect the shoulders bared, but this is an actress. The maidenly charm and the «1 of Grecian days would be burt by a modern display of shoul- ders, Oh, if the mere woman would only make up her mind what she dresses for. Tn other words, if she would only learn of actresses. Now I see the ‘pers have bull ing women about the big hats they meer at the | theater, and have taken to paragraphs quoting the fellow who said that anf woman looks a lot prettier without a hat or bonnet on. In spite | of yourself, if fal. Then they are saying how gracefully some | ladies do it. An atticle or so appeared about how you can tell a real Paris hat at once by ite lining. Paragraphers have discovered that the | really lovely woman has the inside of her bonnet even more dainty and sweet than the outside. | ‘Then a theater begins to put little mirrors into the backs of chairs, so that ladies can, by the | glass in front, see to readjust their headgear. That is something op The different | styles of parting the hair are quoted, and Mra. Astor is mentioned tobave worn her hair parted 80 and so onsuch an opening night. Altogether | you are a woman, you feel resent- | | | Chron: and nervous diseases, ale Se) LADIES’ GOODS. it DEN GSS Notre D 70 oRDE: oF silver bulll@h. silk or peart. Also chiuroh, aulli- tary and Masonic ornaments aut @age et 1 rates nw Mirae st ieteat tye Sesrentcd Mra MAJ HANNEMAN & art rates "esncouaes Saree ates ot terete eae oe ek SSTARLINH: Ak. S Eas wane ale Tas, {at PS any be WS OWRISTE ANA ang 31. ROSE'S INDU s on 40-6 M"* ve" SE Te, ne pant “Riba JP bBse ve STEN a iw a ——— 1GH ART LADIES’ TAILORING Styles equal to Parisian creations @00 diferea® Pivsa Corrs VELVETS CLEANED an STEAMED. Party dresses, tea gowns, &.. dry cleaned at char All-wool dresses dyed any shate when not tov aug ved any, ANTON FISCHER, 208 Ge aw. M4 Pa ven ne Gonds called for aud delivered Gost ep-skin ras and fare cleaned came! to pew 188 DOPPLER 9s iat <* FoR ‘ment See of Washington Iadier Terme talemmte Re yg REANER, MODISTE. Ma i211'Twt aw, where abe wills plamsed to patrons pe al ADIES WHO WIRH FIRST-CLASS a ‘uabine "nani st a Mme. CAMILLE'S, Pr Saabe » * a — v ADIES SEALSKIN AND OTH » ee FRENCH RTEING. 20OCKING AND DRY cLRAiE ing Establishrent 1205 New York ave pero ice 5 Gost, Sheepakin Be cleaned RTOS see AMSLINE Hoth terme wpm ___ PROFESSIONAL. PROF CLAY 18 THE OLDEST RST ABL B (scvertining ciaurvoyant, astrologer and wediwa ei TID pomtortel_rrophimiceif tearm ta the events of your life trom credie te erste, Maden wpeteries, reuters lot pronerty BF Trieuta Weings Scparsted together cate spe rien ts rns et “sue i havyy reeelta, toile whetter ‘vou fanully troabion, ) ther ths and all in trouble one oe eee = MASSAGE AND Also calapet vapor bathe SIENTIFIC SS ereatusent a Te Beste enecn, clair student of orca! Pm. fen, Se. and #1 PERLIN, THE TRUEST a te pel Seopa pees eg Comarca te » 1521 Marton st o Bd ate PRO" MLCT YR THe Tuoeti Pars Lam Oy ce hours. O80 5 nian eee M =) a2) i SETISM, MASSAGE, LIC smenial ei ipaten rr is Fix ck RICH WHITER oF Mn ; Pew nastcrree 8) ML. E,GRANCIS. CARD BA AND ee Fee i a MYER int ene We eras ear ov ef ify. “Omen = accomplished forgers'in’ the Bermades, ned in thenorth devoted much attention to the pro- duction in immense quantities of fairly accu- rate imitations of the notes and bonds of the southern states, It is certain that these crimi- nals actually employed the services of lithog- raphers in the money-printing estublishments month's salary for it, Atthat time the Union forcef were closing in on Lee and Weitzel was pounding away at Richmond. The last check made out in the book is No. 79, dated April 1, 1865. It was drawn to the order of the Western war aeons railway for $34,478. ‘The two remaining cl on the samo sheet were num- dered, but left unfilled, so i for some petticoat trimming’ Both (in tears)—“Wel!, home-made presents ought always to be iabeled, anyhow!” ss An article of dict of « fe @ curious fungus which arctic beech, aa ever clusters reling the tr room betng about the «ize and pulpy. When there sav starvation their custom isto est warrior employ it also fora leaping pole to mount his horse, vaulting upon the back of the | animal by ite aid. ‘The gen often ride standing erect on their horses, aud in making an attack sa village they set’ the houses on fire with showers of arrows wound with blazing cotton wool and discharged from bows so huge and i % which supplied shinplastors for the support of that one can easil; demi-toilets, THE ALCAZAR, them by ctifing them tn the organ that the marksman ia obliged to use the rebellioi ‘and in this way they cnencctted ine how a shell fi in the 3 ‘and com- -wood fire. They are aquar-| both hands to draw the string, lving on his pressions made on paper matrices | Of the office caused the in ebarge of the toilets are SBOTeL consova. relsome people snd are constantly at war, feuds | back and holding the bow with both feet. In inal lithographic stones. Thus | check book to consider that there was no par- being carried on perpetually among themselves, the midst of the confusion cagsed by the burn- tl tog of the asmiled village the warriors leap on their horses, dash in, kill all whom they can reach, carry off as much plunder as possible i they had no difficulty in reproducing the bonds and notes by the simplest mechanical means in fac wimile, only difference that the ticular monte writing any more checks for money which could neyer by a ibility be ‘possi! | ‘They have a *uperstitious reverence for hair, and whatever of it is cut off is carefully pre- served aud burned. i 5 AY op ep A ad oF ares a optics icp ad tpg leti an + —_ THE BOLSs OF THE PATacoNaNs. and mg P. ir own originals by reason stretching of ‘His Part. where no ones dares to follow. Retaliation matrix. Ss Among the objects collected for the purpose | never feared, as the savages of the Gran Chaco cag pe Of tliastrating the life and manners of the Pata- Gonisne perhaps the most interesting arc ecimens of those remarkable weapons known the “bolas.” They are used both for war im the chase, and the skill which these natives attain in the employment of them is as. Though consisting of noth- metimes three stone of hide thongs, this instrument is most formidable. It te w! the boomerang is to the Australian or the lasso The women spend mueb of their have no fixed habitations. ‘ue MUNDTALCES. CHECKS TO COUNTERFEITING Now. Briggs—‘That was a nice thing that young Fiddleback fell into, wasn’t it? The father of the girl he is going to marry gives them » huuse and lot, and her mother furnishes all her clothes, besides giving her an income.” “What does Fiddleback do?” “Tunderstand that he is BY ge Blan r going to buy j ni sEcie cHit ‘The second picture ahows the same cleverness i | horse | used in adapting hair and gown tos good deal ‘That was a wonderful ‘came of ‘A Big Jump. From Puck. baud ves with funies thers of the macaw, the toucan and birds. Their feather sce] mirable specimensof art. about Jongth and fastening on the white and yellow feathers conflict at a distance of | of the toucan. At the top the Hit, (Hf ati Of disciplined riflemen on foot would chance