Evening Star Newspaper, October 15, 1892, Page 7

> alll =— THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON. D. C. SATURDAY, - * ocTOBER > 15, 1892—SIXTEEN PAGES. Written for The Evening Star. RIZZLY JIM SAT outside of his cabin smoking his after-din- ner pipe. The fogs had tarried late that day, and were only just lift- ing from the moun- tains, uncovering slopes and levels of velvety The smoke pipe curled upward through the boughs of the live oak beneath which he sat; there was a subtle brightness and lightness in the atmosphere that gave promise of a sunshiny afternoon. Grizaly Jim was large and gaunt. beotling eyebrows bis eves seemed to smoulder with « forbidding fire. Whether he had won the grim sobriquet by virtue of his prowess in some long forgotten encounter with the four-footed King of the Sierras, or whether it had been be- stowed upon him because of hisuncouth appear- ance and churlish manner, no one in the settle- ment below could say. The little cabin bn the mountain side and its lonely dweller antedated their earliest memory. There was a blithe snatch of song in the distance, echoed by the steep crags around; @ clatter of hoofs along the rocky trail;asmart lit- Ue mustang dashed across the clearing and his rider «prang to the ground, while Grizaly Jim dropped his pipe in sullen amazement. “Good moretag, ir,” sald his visitor, with a friendly smile. The old miner stared at a slip of a girl with a jort riding skirt drawn over a cambric dress, blouse waist of which was revealed in a be- wildering profusion of fresh tucks and frills, piquant little face looked up at him un- under a tangle of soft brown hair and s bewitching sailor hat. He unfolded his long logs and rose awkwardly, lifting his torn felt hat with savage courtesy. mall exeuse me ef I ain't up to my best jety manners. I'm not used to receiving « from gobody. let alone young ladies.” My call Ys not from choice, but from neces- ty.” returned the young lady with dignity. “Tam here on business. I'm the census mar- shal of this district.” The dickens you are!” retorted the miner, but he me ed a gentleman of less repute in polite society and whose name is better kno! cripture than to literature. ‘And reckon you ll get out of me?” There was something in his speech,corrupted ae it was by the vernacular of the mountains, that suggested the south. The girl's quick ear Fecognized the familiar note. She was to some extent fortified against bis gruffness, for she had heard of him as the terror of census enu- merators. the despair of tax nesessors: the one man in all the mountain district who desired no local improvements, no advance of civilization, no contact with the world or his fellow men,and who had for more than forty years rei mystery to all the community You have alre Under his ps her you are married or single, and all the other troublesome little details that the national government insists upou learning from each loyal citizen. She took « book from a pocket in her saddle flap and advanced upon him, pencil in hand. hile she was speaking, but her heart quaked at her own boldness. Something in her blithe young face arrested the man’s surly refusal He tried different tactic “Tuke a seat. You must be very tired. It's rough ride up the trail.” He offered her his only chair, seating himself onastump. The girl ted the courtesy, but started as her hand came in contact with @ breech-loading rifle that leaned against the chair With a queer glint in his eye, that was not unlike « fantastic gleam of hur vzzly Jim chester and owtentatiously with- sking knife on weeu them, ax the n bis arms befor entering pou « parley with his foe. But there war a limit to hix hospitality, and he was not slow to annonnce it. “Pll be hanged ef I'l give away my private affairs to every man, woman or child that asks. be worth so much if ‘ket and yed her tter not.” said the girl “ m my wages by faithful service wernment I don't take bribes for Tve come up here to get mit.and I won't leave till I No, net even if you re- And she wound up bave your answer z Win with « little hy ‘al langh A sturdy sense of boner, lor diese, awoke in the miner's breast the angry fash in the eyes of But he would make no “tT td he said stubbornly Their eves met, hers young, bright, shining with righteous purpose. his deep set, lines of about them, dogged Tey met and. clashed, and steadily. The man was the first to shrink He threw up bis hand witha gesture of sur- ender nmabering in as be saw pung visitor. look you look like one I lost nce between them. He swung and pulled his hat over his eyes, gray beard was gone and a vague com- east. She was almost rtaken her daring er- |, bal! disposed to slip quietly away, mount ber horse anc! be off down the mountain Ine “Sept her m open, ber pencil still in her band. Ti teil you the from his trail | your fami them?” exclaimed the girl. “Some people might call it so. But it always seemed to me as if the world went back on me. Good luck, fortune, success, all from that moment. I reckon books or heard old le tell what ¥ Brclle coast in those days. go overland to the Months of hardship and danger. People and cattle dying all along the trail. Indian massacres on the plains. Cowardly ganj whites on the scent of | of t esked our protection fift, everything I had; my money, my supplies, my blankets, everything but the horse 1 rode and the clothes I wore. A friend who had come with me was murdered. The kit strangers saved me from perishing from cold and hunger in crossing the Sierras. For three months after wo reached Sacramento I lay sick with fever. When I got well enough I crawled off to the diggings at the first bar up the river. It had been arranged when I left home that as soon as I reached California I was to fix up some kind of a home and send for my wife and little daughter. They were to start by steamer as soon as they had word from me. [| couldn't write home and let them know gg Iwas in. But I had’s heap of courage. country was full of gold and men were all the while re- turning from the diggings with heaps of dust. I would strike it e the rest and then send back for my wife and child. “The bar was overcrowded, but they took pity on me—I was a pitiable object, weak and wasted by fever—and they let me stake out a claim in the richest spot. All the men around me were panning out two or three ounces a day. Every now dnd then some man took out a fortune. I scarcely gota ‘olor.’ I moved on further up the river to new diggings. no better there, ‘again. followed me ywhere. When I took bold of the most promising sort of claim I could barel; find pay When I gave up and moved on was eure to hear that some other fellow had tae my claim and made « pile out of it. I left the placers and went prospecting for juartz. first ledge Istruck made a bi thow on the surface, but it was pockety and didn't dare to sink further for fear the ore would play out. Isold it forasong. The man who bought it stocked it, floated a few shares, put up a big stamp mill and kept on taking out Tees Seiers adie ont dump today. erywhere it was the same story with me never managing to keep more than even with the world or getting enough together to more than carry me to the next camp when mg claim was worked out. Before I knew it the months and years had piled up, and writing home was forever out of the question, unless some splen- did stroke of Inck favored me.” He arose and bey astraight line under the oaks. The census marshal obseryed that there was a hard-beaten fowp there. She wondered how often his fect d_paced it. “In "351 came here," he said, stopping to reach his band toa great burr on one of the fore we reached Salt Lake our Test it there. yetabout the gold that was taken out of this eek in those days. along with the first on the spot. It was the wold story. On all sides of me other men »k out quantities of dust. There was no more gold inside my lines than you could find on a church floor. I'd had enough of chasing luck up the rivers and over the mountains and bav- ing it slip up behind me unawares whenever I moved on. flowed Ta dowa here and wait for ittocome tome. I've toiled stead; from morning to night, every day I could hand, sometimes at the old placere, more often prospectiny e ledges in the mountains shove. "I've made some pressing ‘finds’ and I pan outalttle dust all the while, but often- times I haven't enough to pay for having my drills pointed and I have to quit work and tal my gun and go over the range for venison or bear meat. But it can't last forever. Last week I found some rich ‘float’ in the creek bed. | I'm on the track of that ledge now And have you never written home?” What could I write? I don't dare think | about them. Some day I'll strike it rich and | thea Pll go back The census marshal could make no comment. her heart she was impressed by the single ness of mind with which the old miner had per- revered in his haut after precious metal, and | his faith that he was bound to ‘strike it rich’ j ¥ er a almost pathetic. # of the fact that there of obtaining gold that did not | pick or sluice. During all his lonely hy oil it did not appear to have oc- rred to him that the same energy, expended in any legitimate wage-earning industry, might easily have carried him to his goal and enabled him to make a home and send for the wife and 4 to whom he had been so loyal in purpose, but had 4 mixerably failed in deed. “Now you know why I don’t want my name to go down in your book. You know why I've exchanged a nediess word with man or an till you came up the trail today. I've lived so long alone with the rocks and trees and the bare facts of nature that I've almost for- gotten the ways of civilized speech, but I think | Tve made you understand. Do you want my | name?" The gi | Were other wi rl hesitated in indecision and doubt. jon't kuow? more do I. Do you | see that face in the rocks across the gulch?” | He led her to an opening on the hillside and | pointed across the chasm down whose bed the | mountain stream lenped. In the Jagged outlines of a great cliff that \ overhung the gulch the girl easily discerned a massive, sphina-like profile. “When roa live Nove fn the, mountains, id Grizzly Jim, “you get to depending on ne and omens. f pap thelp 10. When the sun touches that cliff, a little past noon. some | day the face smiles, sometimes it frowna. We'll wateh ft If the face smiles.I'l write in | your boo | The mists bad long since flown back to the sea, and the wun rode high in the heavens. Only this portion of the gulch remained in the shadow, shut off by the crags that rose above it. | Slowly the sunlight crept past the rocky barriers. A Sood of sunlight bat the dark niche. The | ripple of the water below sounded like a chime of bells: a burst of bird song thrilled the air. A we of light passed over the sculptured face, and a benign «mile lingered there for 9 mo- | ment; then the features relapsed into their cus- tomary calm. "The census faarehal slipped over to | aud examined ber saddle’ girths, for ness there was finished and the steep trail was | slippery of descent. The miner wrote slowly of ery train, thet was known tocarry money, watching fora chance in was robbed by a couple of rascals who had i miles back and I lost indness of to walk up and down in | cak boles, om level with his shoulder, and to | You've heard the yarns they tell F. But even as he protested the longing inhe face, the anxiety with which he shore ory be re- will join hands and said the girl bravely. grandmother—is no Sho is a feeble, : She+ my’ oung and pret! SI faded, lonely little old woman. She bas mourned you all these years. It would be like opening the fates of Paradise for her.” 7 as ee ee In the edge of the valley that broadened out below the mouth of the gulch, where a pros perous mountain village had been built upon the ruins of the old mining camp, there stood & shabby cottage, bowered in honeyuckle and oses. ‘Phe tiny almond orchard at the zear was in bloom, and the pink petals fluttered down and drified over the ground. Two women walked fowly back and forth along the narrow path, bordered with sweet-scented carnations, that led from the house to the gate. One was plump and) matronlr, the other old and slight. and i, leant ly uy younger woman. “It's past time for her to come. Tt isn't right, Miriam, to let that child race about the country alone. There's no telling what may n to her.”” he “Don't worry, mother. I'd trust her any- where. Every che ree her,” returned the younger woman, witha mother's proud con- fidence. know I'm old-fashioned in my ideas; Miriam. but I can't feel easy. A young girl Uke that oughtn’t togoaround the country doing a man's work. If her father only hadnt [an] to the bad or her grandfather had oc Hea Always the same unavailing strife against the inevitable. The daughter put her arm around “ = in. It wit hill; “Let us goin. It’s growing chilly. “Hush! “There's some ‘one coming up the | road. She has come. Some one is with her, said the old lady. The twilight was kind to Grizzly Jim. It smoothed out the wrinkles on bis face, dyed hair and beard, mended his tattered clothing and brought out the mascive strength of his at frame, presenting him as he really was—a Encdsome, stalwart men, still in tho vigor of his prime. The slight woman on Miriam's arm peered wistfully at him, then she trembled and wayed. He spoke one word and aglad cry quavered on the night silence. The old miner forgot his poverty and rags. Thanksgiving was in bis heart as he folded her in his arms. His voice broke ashe tried to ‘ve struck it rich at last,” said Grizzly Jim. 2 porns THE CONGREGATIONALISTS. Proceedings of the Great Council at Min- neapolis. At Thursday's stssion of the Congrega- tional council st Minneapolis the nominat- ing com nittee recommended that the pub- lishing committee for the next three years consist of Rev. A. H. Ounit, Massachusetts; Rev. A. £. Dunning, Massachusetts; Rev. Samuel B. Forbes, treasurer; Rev. Honry A. Hasen, secretary; Rev. W. H. Moore, register. This was indorsed and the following commit- tees were appointed: Relation of benevolent societies to the church—Rev. D. W. Clark, Massachusetts; Rev. A. H. Ross, Michigan; Rev. Simon Gilbert, Illi- nois; Thomas J. Borden, Massachusetts; Rev. M. W. Montgomery, Illinois; Rev. F. G. Clark, New Hampshire; T.'D. Demard, New York. Resolutions w Haven, west confer- | Connecticut; Rev. James G. Johnson, Ilinoi: Rev. A. H. Brandfor, New Jersey; Walter K. | Bigelow. Massachusetts, On American Home Missionary Association— Rev. James Brad, Ohio; Rev. J. M. Stewart, Il- Wedder, Massachusetts; Re BD. White- | linois; Wallace Henry Fairbanks, Vermont; Rev. J. law, North Dakoti American Missionary Association—Rev. E. Packard, New York; Rey. Dana Sheri Edmund Coleman, California; Rev. D. F. Bra | ley, Michigan; Rev. Henry M.'Herrick, Minne- 80! ta. Congregational Sunday School Publishing So- v. ; Rev. I staked out my claim | College and edu R. Palmer, Connecticut; Rev. M. W ery, Illinois; Rev. A. H. Ross, Michigai & ‘L. Loomis, New Jersey; H. M. Dixon, } | York. | On church building—Rev. Walter M. Bar- ows, Illinois; Rev. J. EB. A ; Heary Perkins, Ohio; Rev. E. H. Stickney, North kota; Rev. L. 8. Rowland, Massachusetts. | On report of the American board of com- | mission of foreign missions—Rev. Richard | Coordley, Kansas; Rev. A. E. Dunning, Massa chusetts; W. J. Mulford, Michigan: Rev. J. V Simson, Ohio; Kev. A. W. Archibald, Iow: Rev. W. H. Ward, New York; Rev. Warner F. Day, Mlinois, | The question of the opening of the world | fair on Sunday, or rather the question of ha ing the exposition of the Congregational Church remain uncovered on Sunday in case there | should be a change in decision and the world’s | fair should be opened on Sunday, came up on | the report of the committee on the world’ fuir. Dr. Johnson made this report, which eet foxth that the committee appointed’ at the last ed@ncii had considered the question fully, Con- siderable discussion followed. One of the most important reports during all the sessions of the councii was presented this morning. It is from | the committee on the relation of the benevo- lent societies to the chu tion of representation y report was made by a committee appointed three years ago. Six plans were presented for | the change, by which the churches would be- ‘Da- | come represented in all these bodies which have | | heretofore been more or less close corporations. | Tho great American board is oneof the main | bodies. Plan number four was recommended | by the committee. It provides that there shall | be a readjustment by which the different boards and societies may become representa- | tive bodies with two departments, one for hom “|the other for foreign mission work. This would make the American board elective vei | largely, giving 212 members in place of 250, as | at present, and effectively killing the close cor- | poration idea. In the afternoon there was a discussion of | the matter. The new west education commis- ion, it was reported, had already voted in favor of joining with the college and educa- tion societies. —— Birds in Indian Legends. From the Minneapolis Journal. All primitive peoples regard the bird as specially wise and favored. Living in tho air, | he is regarded as exercising control over atmos- pheric phenomena, and knowing so well his own migratory seasons the Indians observe his flights as foreboding ill or good to themselves. The | Hurons believe that the dove carrios the souls | of the departed hence. The Dakotas say the storm bird dwells so high as to be out of human | vision, and carries a fresh-water lake on his back, go that when he plumes himself it rains, | when ho winks his bright oyes it lightens, when he flaps his wings thunder rolls, Alaskans | bold the same idea about the “thunder Among them all the is mighty, brave, aptrings tho. symbel of tacir wartons for “ The er is anxious the ton Se seurecenyon sil in or, ot you see Reet amest Presenting upon bis bill « medicine man that frog to the latter may absorb the frog's power over enemies. In the ‘e sacred scalps is to be scen. ‘The raven is uch or turban of ABOUT QUEER PEOPLE Fresh Information Brought From | Little Known Dutch Guiana. A NAVAL OFFICER'S REPORT. ACarious Country to Be Represented at the World's Fair—Wild Negroes Who Live Naked in the Forests—Odd Facts About the Coolies Who Work on the Plantations— Points About British and French Guiana. Written for The Evening Star. NE OF THE MOST interesting and least known of the American B} countries to be repre- } sented at the Columbian exposition is Dutch Guiana. Though a civ- lized colony of Holland ite forests contain a numerous wild people of African ancestry, as savage and untamed as any tribe in the dark Pe ¥* continent. Vastly rich in gold, the whole interior is one big placer mine, the bed of every stream being a-glitter with tho precious metal. Ensign Roger Welles of the navy has newly returned to Washington from a visit to this strange region and the de- scription he gives of it and its inhabitants is very remarkable, THE POPULATION OF DUTCH GUIANA, which does not number more than 20,000, is mainly composed of civilized negroes. They are very different from people of African race anywhere else, so that the stranger on first as- cending the Surinam river is apt to be aston- ished at their peculjarities. The costumes worn by the women are extraordinary, the invariable rule being that the skift shall be made exactly the length of the wearer from the top of th head to thetoes. This article of dress is fast- ened around the waist by a gathering string, which leaves ono half 0: trailing on the ground. But the slack is pulled up to the waist and fastened again about that part of the body ‘witha second string, #0 that ‘the super- fluous material falls in an enormous double flounce around the stoma¢h and hips, THE WAIST OF THE GOWN is made of a single piece of calico, with short sleeves, which is starched to such stiffness that it projects from the body all around at an angle of forty-five degrees. From the back of this garment always dangle two long pieces of tape, though what they are for nobody knows, tradi- tion having ceased to record the use to which these streamers may be supposed to have been put formerly. Presumably they were once meant to fasten something, like the two buttons at the back of the white man’s coat, which were originally intended to secure the sword belt. On their heads the women wear bandana hand- kerchiefs, tied in a peculiar turban-like fashion, which cannot be successfuily imitated by any one not initiated in the art. ‘They go barefoot usually and the men likewise, the latter being attired in commonplace pantaloons and shirts. have a keen sense of the ridiculous. Not long ago an American gentleman landed at the prin- cipal town, Paramaribo, and found himself sur- rounded by n crowd of curions negroes at the lnnding. They took in every detail of his ap- pearance and sized up his belongings on the whurf, much to his disgust, #0 that he looked around him with a haughty air and frigidly in- quired: “Why am I in object of so much at- tention?” This behavior on his part struck them as extremely rich,and by the next day a new song was being sung on all the streets of Paramaribo, set to the tune of ‘“Boom-ta- ra-ra,” which melody the inhabitants had learned from a colored troupe of wandering minstrels that had visited them a short time before. The first stanza of the song, phrased in ridicule of the haughty stranger from the United States, was as follows: “"Mi ah no par de ray ws fe no Jubua you. je no Wanna you.” Which, overset into English, means: “Tam not a jack why ds you tare Tio net love you. To not want you." Dozens of stanzas were added to this and sung with humorous appreciation by the entire colored population of the town. LANGUAGE RESEMBLES ENGLISH. It seems very remarkable, and isa fact not satisfactorily accounted for, that the patois spoken by these negroes resembles English more,than any other tongue, although the col- ony is Dutch and they have had very few op- portunities to come into contact with English- speaking people. There are only about three persons from the United States in Paramaribo, and no English except a consul and vice consul, ‘The population of that settlement may be any- where from 10,000 to 15,000, largely mulattoes through mixture with Europeans. ‘There are less than 1,000 whites. Nicheric, the next most important town, has only a few houses. It is on the Nicherie river, and is a sort of starting point for miners bound for the interior, serving asa bare of supplies. The great estates along the coast, which produce sugar and cacao, are mostly owned in Holland and mai by agents. At Paramaribo there is a colonial gov- ernor, a legislature, a judiciary and a mulitary post. ‘THE BUSH NEGROES. The wild people already referred to are known as the Bush negroes. They live in the forests of the southern part of the country and are almost naked, the men wearing only a loin cloth. They are extremely black, with kinky hair, and their skins are glossy. It is believed t they are descended from African slaves who escaped from their masters during the early slave days in Dutch Guiana. They sus- tain existence by fishing and hunting after the most primitive methods, having no firearms, bat pursuing game with the bow and arrow, Nobody knows how many of them there are. ‘They build shed-like huts of palm leaves. Very rarely they come into the towns for the pur- = of bartering cortain raw products for liquor, of which they are very fond, like all savages. For such trading they collect gum from the balata tree, which is exported in con- siderable quantities from Paramaribo. It serves excellently as a substitute for gutta rcha, now that the latter substance is becom- ing scarce. Those Bush negroes aro quite harmloss and are prorpenty hired by miners to help in the work. They seem to have no tribal organization. each family living by it- salt in an isolated dwelling or small group of juts. THE CIVILIZED NEGNOES of the country mostly make their living by catching fish, selling fruit and working at the mines, the women doing washing also. Up to the present time the mines have remained un- developed, only the most primitive processes being employed to obtain the old. | However, companies ad, eter formed for the nu of properly q source o a. a before long it may be expected that Dutch Guiana will contribute quanti- words supply and gen earths, the colony will contribute to the world’s fair an exhibitit of cabinet and dyo woods, in which her territory is extraordinarily COoLIES FROM IxDIA. Another very interesting class of people in Dutch Guiana includes the agricultural Inborers, the majority of whom are coolies from , the “wing” of one nostril, that will support life, saving every ible penny. The women are very fond of Jewelry, ‘Wweariug as much of it as is practicable. In fact, the family savings aro usually carried about in this shape, the females being adorned with heavy bracelets, auklets, necklaces, and even crowns of goli and silver. ‘They further adorn themselves with weighty earr and huge rings, often six or eight inch diameter. dangle from their noses. It is no uncommon thing for a woman to have such a ring through ie a large pendant he nasal partition. of Hilagroe work bangs front jong these people are many very ex} Ww élers, and two or three such are found ae estate. who manufacture ihe ornaments out of the coius received in pay: of wages. Many of the women are extremely protty, their figures being superb. ‘They are also remarkably grace- ful. "As to their morals not much that is favor- able can be said; but this applics chieffy to the unmarried females, inasmuch as the men will almost always kill their wives if they find them unfaithful. THE WORLD'S FAIR EXHIBIT. British: Guiana, which is a colony of Great Britain, has appropriated 20.000 for its exhibit at the world’s It will make a very inter- esting display, one feature of which will be an ethnological collection supplied by the museum of Demarara. This country is much more advanced than Dutch Guiana. As everybody knows, its territory is one of the greatest sugar- producing districts in the world. From thence come the famous “Demarara crystals.” On the great estates no less than 170,000 coolies are employed. Most of the plantations are owned in England and are conducted by resident man- agers. The gold-mining industry, though new, is becoming very important. Some notion of its growth may be got from the rapid increase of the income derived by the colony from the tax on gold exported. In 1883 this income amounted to 14,000. It was 228,000 in 1889, $62,000 in 1890 and $130,000 in 1891. The expectation is that the output will double again during the present year. So important is the labor question in prosperous British Guiana that there was talk not long ago of importing negro laborers from the United States, FRENCH GUIANA will probably send some specimens of hard woods and samples of sugar, molasses and rum to the Columbian exposition, but as a country it does not amount to much. There is almost no agriculture and the few mines are but little worked. It is nothing more than a penal colony. to which France sends thousands of crimitals. Some of these are kept at hard labor, though work for them to do is not sufficient, while others enjoy eémparative lib- erty on tickets of leave, being permitted to labor for themselves and to go where they choose, so long as they do not leave the golony. There {s a military post with 600 or 700 soldiers. Cayenne, the capital, 18 said to be the dirtiest and most inhospitable town on earth. : —_ RELICS IN THE VATICAN. ir, Secretary Foster's Letter to the Pope's Sec- retary of State. Secretary of State Foster has sent the follow- ing letter to Rome: “DEPARTMENT oF STATE, “Wasuinotox, D. C., Sept. 15, 1892. “To his eminence, Cardinal M. Rampolla del Tindaro, secretary of state to his holiness, Rome. “Most Eminent Sir: I am directed by the President of the United States to express to your eminence his very decp satisfaction on | learning of the warm interest which his holi- ness, Pope Leo XIII, takes in the approaching Columbian exposition at Chicago. “The President was also gratified by the in- formation that the h: father has manifested a with to forward to this exposition some me- mentoes of the discovery of America and other objects of interest which are now preserved in the Vatican, Ineed not assnre you that the greatest care will be taken of them from the moment of their very into the hands of the agent of this government who may be author- | ized to receive them, or, should his holiness see | proper tointrust them to the care of a per- sonal representative, who will bring them to the United States, 1 am authorized by the Presi- dent to assure his holiness that such represen tative shall receive all possible courteay on his arrival and during his sojourn in this country. It is proper to add that all relics relating to Columbus will be exhibited in a separate build- ing, an exact reproduction of the monastery at La Rabida at Palos, Spain, which is 60 closely identified with the ca r of the great discov- erer. This building will be situated on a head- land stretching out will be almost entirely surrounded by 4 is therefore detached from all other buildings connected with the exposition, and is subject to the least possible danger from fire and other censor. “The President has preferred a similar re- quest to various governments, corporations and private persons in Fbrope for the loan of such articles as may be in their possession or control having relation to the early discovery of Amer- ica, und it is the purpose of this government to bring the relics, if necessary, to the United States in a man-of-war to be detailed by the Secretary of the Navy for that purpose. Should his holiness prefer the plan of intrast- ing to his representative the articles he may de- cide to loan, it will be the pleasure of the Presi- dent to receive this officer, together with the articles in his charge, on board the man-of-war above referred to for passage to the United States. Special arrangements have been mado for the transportation from New York to Chi- cago of all objects of interest thus loaned and at the close of the exposition they will be re- turned to Europe with the same care, to be de- livered to those from whose generosity and kindness they have been obtained. “During the exposition a military guard de- tailed by the Secretary of War wilf be stationed at La Rabida building day and night. “Tho intimate association of the holy see with the Columbian enterprise and its rerulte has so linked the memory of Kome and her pont is with the vast achievement of Chris- pher Columbus and his comrades and com: petitors in the work of discovery and coloniza- tion, and exerted so marked an influence on the destinies and progress of the new world they revealed, that an exhibit such as by the Presi- dent's direction I have the honor to suggest could not fail to be among the most noteworthy contributions to this international celebration of the four hundredth anniversary of the dis- covery. “By co-operating to this end his holiness will manifest for this conntry » regurd which will be highly appreciated not only by the managers of the exposition, but by the Ameri can people a lange bs eminence, Cardinal Gibbons, with whom Ihave conferred on the subject, has vory kindly to convey this letter to your eminence. “Trusting that this expression of the Presi- dent's desire may meet with a favorable re- sponse from his holiness and offering my earnest co-operation to,bring about so pleasing ‘a result and to insure its successful accomplish- ment, I tender to you, most eminent sir, the assurances of my high consideration. “Joun W. Foster, “Secretary of State. Reports About Gen. J. D, Cox. Gen. Jacob D. Cox of Ohio has always been a republican, was general in the late war, gov- ernor of Ohio two terms, declined » nomination fore third term and was Secretary of the In- torlor in President Grant's cabinet. ‘Thursday the judge was seen in reference to 8 report that he intended to support Cleveland. Asked a — eee he repli? oan see = necessity for sayi to tho pul T cared bo do oo I Coad dock tices bate oproe kr many of the newspapers of the lond or aa. op- portunity to make e epecch, but I profer to say nothing to influence others in either direction.” A iphia Times special from Cincin- nati says: From other sources it has been wiht retiiion tet pat Te chee ican fora ime Toa tint bb wotion ogucer or ing ean ee study. From Judge. FRENCH CENTENNIAL. The Ideas of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity Under That Republic. THE UNWASHED PARISIANS. Peculiar Notions of a Free Government—The Tendency to Socialism—War Against the Biz Shopkeepers—Taxes and Court Coste— ‘The Poor Servant Girl. ‘Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. Panis, September 26, 1892. EHAVE HAD A WEEK MW: Political anniversa- ries. There wes Kos- suth’s nineteenth birth- yy MI e725 Valmy (Tuesday week), and on Thursday (the 224 September), the centenary of the proclama- tion of the French republic. This republic— the third republic—has now existed twenty-two years. The hundred years that make up the French centennial are thus accounted for: The first republic between the convention and the dyrectory lasted seven years: the consulate, three years; the first empire, twelve; the bour- bon restoration, sixteen; the government of Louis Philippe, eighteen: the second republic, four years, andthe second empire, eighteen years. day, celebrated by the | Hungarian independ- ent. There was an anniversary of the en- trance of the Italian troops into Rome. nary of the battle of THE CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Last Thursday the third republic celebrated the hundredth anniversary of the declaration of the first republic. At 8 a.m. there were salvos of artillery around about Paris, which began at noon again and at 6 o'clock in the evening. At 10am. there were commemorative speeches and ceremonies at the pantheon, under the patronage of President Carnot. The pantheon, aseverybody knows, stands on the highest ground on the lett bank of the Seine and is now a kind of memorial temple of the republic, in- scribed “‘a grateful country to her great men.” It occupies the site of the tomb of Saint Gene- vieve, the patron saint of Paris, who died in the year 512. The ancient chapel erected over her tomb was succeeded bya church, which having fallen to decay was removed about the middie of the last century. The foundation stone of the present edifice was laid by Louis XV in 1764, and it was completed in 1490, In 1791, however, the convention resolved that it should no Ionger be a church, but a memorial of the revolution. It was restored to religion in 1806, but was again made a temple in the. revolution of 1830. Once more it was consecrated in 1851 and last of all secularized in 1885 for the obsequies of Victor Hugo. The very latest news of this old church is last week's stroke of statesmanship, by which 20,000 francs were voted to pull down the golden cross which | still remains on its roof in honor of Thursday's fetes. This strikes the keynote of that radical sentiment dear to the heart of the Parisian populace, for whose benefit and glorification all these shows and parades are organized. THE PARADES began at 2 o'clock in the afternoon—one on cach side of the river. That of thenorth side— the side of the tourists and most familiar to Americans—marched from the Place de la Con- corde, traversing the entire length of the grand boulevards to the place of the Bastile. The immense crowd of unwashed Parisians was ill- tempered and cynical rather than enthusiastic. ‘They seemed to look on the affair as a spectacle prepared for them rather than a thing of their own doing. The side streets for'half # blo on each hand of the route were impassable, with platforms, Indders and a seething, sweating, ill- smelling and screaming mass of Humanity. with the capital H, of course. There was a great deal in the processions to see and, true to the principles of liberty, equality and fraternity, each citizen attempted to sce more than his share at his neighbor's expense. The procession moved very slowly, as it was hard for the police to push the people back, which, to their credit, they did very gently. Thero were a nu: of minor eccidente—one woman had her leg broken, several children were hurt and some men arrested for resisti the police. The heroic songs of death an revolution fell rather flat on that section of the sovereign people waich is naturally the loudest —those who have not to lose. The re- public has been xo long an accomplished fact that the jaded enthusiasm of the Paris mob is best aroused by the demands of still more ad- vanced reformers. SOCIALISTS, COMMUNISTS AND WHAT XoT. The anarchists have been scattered. but the sovereign unwashed people, which has been the force of every revolution in the past hundred years, remains. The prompt suppression by military force of recent violent ttrikes in America has been watched over here with ad- miration by the better class Frenchmen; and they reprcach the government in general and the municlpality of Paris in particular with truckling to the vain demands of these low and unbearable Parisians, who proved themeclves 20 ungrateful Thursday as not to yell at the spec- tacle provided for their amusement and glorifi- cation as much as for anything else, “A REPUBLIC OF CAPITAL.” A late instance of the vain ideas that are fil- tering through tho Paris mob is as striking as it is characteristic of a people who have, after all, littlo in common with the ‘yotkingmen of America. The municipality of Paris had the idea of erecting the Bourse du Travail— palace of Iabor—not far from the Palace of Capital. It was handed over to the workingmen on the anniversary of one of the bloodiest days of the comfnune of 1871. The official ceremony was pompous and inane, but when the men's turn came cheers were given for the com- mune, then the bourgeois middle classee wore blasphemed and the present government de- clared to be the republic of capital, and the principles of an international war against society as at present constituted were laid down . To emphasize their love of libert ity and fraternity it was declared that workingmen who did union with the regulating measures on by the committee should be excluded from the of Labor. ‘THREE OBJECTIONS. Asastranger Iam indebted tothe Parisians for a residence in the pleasantest city of the world, But as the citizen of a self-governing, = © od ie There was the cente- | sustained the foll: modification of his thesis: “All wealth should be divided the mo- ment it goes beyond the sum of 15,000 francs.” THE SMALL SHOPKEEPERS AGAINST MONOTOLIEA, Fifteen thousand francs is about the amount | of capital possessed by a respectable small shop- | keeper of Paris. The recent agitation which beon starting up—in the | course against the “‘mo- arge Magasins, indicates with what | ludicrous persistency the French idea of politics | harks back to th The suppressed | anarchist tinet, cries out in bis ad- dresses to the very poor: “Allow me to greet you. who have suffered so much because others cleverer than you have desired to be too bow {The siuell shopkeepers of | Paris would be the first to resent the eng that their grievances had anything in were more clever; yet it is what their pi compiaint amounts to. The capital and system of the great shops like the Bon Marc Louvre and the Printemps, where © sold, makes it difficult for the «mall shop. to | compete with them and still retain the large Profits to which they are accustomed. For the ~ six months «a strong movement been aimed at them, and there bas been organized a league | | defense of commerce, industry and labor. Long | }®go it declared open war and succeeded in bringing its proposals, many of which are as startling as the plans of the socialists, before the chamber of deputies. Some action, how- ever, has to be taken, as could casily have been | prophesied of 2 government so anxious to please all classes and so afraid not to grant the re- | quests of all. | TO TAX THE LARGE SHOPS. The large shops are to be taxed heavily. The report of the committee for the revision of licenses has been submitted to the chamber of deputies. The idea of taxing the shelves, | which had been submitted with all seriousness, has been put aside because “the shelf is tm susceptible of a precise legal definit would give no basis for a certain co | tases." On the otber band, it does not wee | possible to subject the great magasins cumu- | | tively to all the Hceates. to weich the remil | shops are subjected individually. “For the licenses of the stuall shops have been established with a view to situations which do not corre- |spond with that of the great shops.” The | report suggests a classification of the | different kinds of commerce answering to the | different needs of social life, such as food, clothing. furniture, jewelry and the adorn: ments of dress, and harness, papor d books, and so on, and to tax the great ops heavily for each ‘of these branches of trade exercised by them. This the great shops can casily pay; and the agitators of the measure | | find themselves aa disappointed as before their | request was granted, for their real desire was to cripple their rivals by government action. REMODELING COURT COSTS. A stop higher in the social soale brings us to another sweeping measure. This is the echeme of M. Brisson, which contemplates a remodeling of the entire system of court costs throughout France. The theory is that law is not free enough to the poor. It is hard on small suitors in the matter of preliminary coste—fees for afti- | davite, service of writs, drawing of papers, iswa- ing of summons and the like—which are ‘com- mon to law courts in every country. The Proposition is to do away with all preliminary they did) in” Am for the United |vorage that th It ie thas that the one prevailing citizens of the French everywhere felt: “It i among the offices of government to make people healthy, wealthy and wise!” ‘Srexuixe Hemse. COLONISTS IN LIBERIA, Keports From a Company of Emigrants Recently Settled There, The State Department has received from W. D. McCoy, minister resident and consul gen- eral to Liberia, a dispatch dated Angast 18, containing a report of the results of the mis ion to this wy of E BE Smith, ex-minister, in the interests of the American Colonization S pointed agent at Monrovia, vice Mr. Sclpto ing. The bark Libera arrived af Monrovia with o colony ot four- toon on (fifty persons), who came from the vicinity of Little Rock, Ark. were received and cared for by Bererly ¥. Payne, who acts for Mr. Smith, in the absence of the latter. Minixter McCoy mays of the subsoquent expericnce of the immigrants “The immigrants preferred to settle on the Mesurado river near Johnsonville, about fifteen | miles from Monrovia, Land’ was given them in nccorday with the Liberian allotment ten acres to unmarried persone over eighteen fears of age, twenty-five As of families, or twenty acres and ey preferred. rooiety for six months, and by the that time, ‘it ie exe cach — family be obliged for th that ther le much an acclimatizing process. to plan or, rather, outli other families are express themel ves ns has his own house completed and has planted over 5,000 coffee ecions. Another has opened @ business house and is doing well. “Among the recommendations that Smith will make to the society ava result of hie observation and experience with his first party are the following “1. That instead of 14 or 15 families (40 to 50 Persons) from 80 to 100 families (400 to 500 per- sous) be sent out, even if they be not sent as often. “2. That the companies be made up of chanics and artisans as well as of farmers stead of nearly all farmers, as in the past, “3. That they be sent in a steamer instead of the cramped quarters of a 300-ton bark. 4. That tho Liberian government use the ap- Propriation made in preparing « ‘to re- ceive the immigrants and in having «eufi- ciently large garden planted with that shall be ready for use by the time the sm- migrants arrive. 5. That inasmuch ae nearly all planting and cultivating is done with the hoe, immigrants be encouraged to bring with them’ t me chinery and adopt modern methods, which will yield them much larger returns; besides, the Tepairing and even making of which will fur- nish employment to the mechanics and arti- A costs and to substitute one tax “for the costs of justice;" to abide the decision of the case and then fall in a lump sum on the losing party. This single tax 1s to be accord- ing to.a scale proportioned to the values con- cerned in the suit. For instance, in bank- ruptey, in proportion to the fund actually dis- tributed; in cases of wills and decedents’ estates, in proportion to the value of the property left, and where there ix question of damages, in pro- portion to the amount of the verdict. It will be seen that in «uch a svatem the greater suitors will pay heavily for the benefit of the lesser suitors, whose cases may give quite as much trouble, which seems to be the | leading thought at present. Naturally enough | the measure m its first form was received by | the* legal profession and the judiciary with irony. But its originator got his credit asa friend of the people. There are un- decided cases. now cn the lists dating from 1888, and the magistrates can- not catch up to their current work even by sitting over hours, in spite of an ad- mirably working system of arbitration, which | amounts to compulsion in many cases.” What | will happen when the tidal wave of cheap liti- gation for the poor sets in, without preliminary | costs to rake them reflect on the merits of their causes, ean only be imagined. THE POOR SERVANT GIRLS. Meanwhile, there is one class in Paris, numer- ous and interesting, who in those days of trades unions, socialist schemes and class legislation | can do'nothing for themselves and for whom | no one is concerned. These are domestics, servant girls, chambermaidsand maids of all work. Aurelian Scholl, “‘the last of the Boulevard- iers,” has found time to lend them his voice for aday. Each one of them, he says, i alone in the world. A girl is packed off from ber coun- try home with two shirts, thrce handkerchiefs and one pair of shoes. Go gain your livelihood, no matter how! Sell your arms, sell your body, that is your affair. We have no more bread for you. Look for your own bread. People have little idea in certain circles which are accus- tomed to easy living of the life of a maid of all work among the little bourgeoisie, a0 close, 80 avaricious and #o greedy. INHUMAN TREATMENT, The lot of a slave in ancient Rome or of a negro in Martinique before the emancipation is to be envied alongside of the wretched life of this.girl, who for ten or fifteen france a | month must carry the wood up to the ‘fifth | story, do the cooking, make the beds, wax the floor ind sometimes wash the linen, Some of them work from 5 in the morning night. If the girl sits down a moment she is sans. “6. That immigrants be supplied nine nths instead of six, as at, This will Kive them more time in which to become ae- climated and get ther houses and in a more comfortable condition.” ie opis ceaianiecias THEY WANT GooD ROADS, The Fight for Improved Highways Being Vigorously Pushed. Every farmer, like every member of the Ik A. W., is interested in the endeavor to secure good roads, and, to that end, in the last publi- cation of Good Roads there was printed “Election day is coming. Don't vote for the man who is not statesman enough to declare himself in favor of the improvement of the roads. “The ‘old bay state,” as ever, is inthe van as regards the improvement of her country roads, Several states have appropriated sums of money to be expended upon their highways, bat it will be expended in just the same manner as it hus been in the past,and in a very few years the benefit from this expenditure will have dis- appeared from the view of the users of the roads. Massachusetts has ever been noted tor the conservatiam of her sons, and the new bigh- way commission is the result of forethought and sound sense. Some months ago Gov. Rus sell was instructed to appoint this Wm. E. MoClelland of Chel a accomplished civil engineer, and Prot. 8 Shaler, the Harvard professor of geology. The sum allowed for the work was $10,000, which ts being spent in as Judicious and economical @ plan as possible. “It is one thing to own astone crusher and another thing to kuow how to authorities in Allegany county, M employed themsel ses to some ‘extent ing limestone for the repair of ‘hich 2 one may judge by the displayed “in this “repair school for road_ makers some of the people of that letter from a prominent from Frostburg on showing the size of have been dumped loosely of these stones inches, res large scolded. And what food! In the morning soup and an egg. In the bit of sa of iny house a girl of seventeen years th tears in her eyes, related that for three ‘dave she lived on the bone of a leg of mutton which they had given her to gnaw! WORSE AXD WonsE. They even stint her in the matter of bread. With all that, when the mistress is out of the the of peuple wi ¢ france Se eas eend ube yet wish to beserved. Poor Scholl, what land Yard. He will be extradited on the charge of having murdered M. Very, who died injuries received in the his ‘The detectives are also on the Francois’ eccomplice, caught within a week. is the ond of along and explosion at Very's April 25. Francois and M at were and The shop jeunier i i af a? i t i rel rill was telling her about the various crank aeronauta, including those couples who for the