Evening Star Newspaper, September 21, 1892, Page 14

ELLSWORTH’S ZOUAVES J! [>= —— 5 sANDING IN ALEXANDRIA HOW ELLSWORTH DIED The First Days of tha w Old Town of Alexandria. HE FEDERAL OCCUPATION | ‘When the Town Was tween Peace and War—The Arrival of Ells- worth’s Troops—Some Interesting Fac:- About « Historic Traredy. the Borderland Be- ah | } HE FIRST WARLIA® oeeupat.c <a city the Union by the force of the United States was made at d on the 24th of M 1861 troops ccc: andria. ‘t curiosities nature that scendants of the friends | and neighbors of Wash- ington,” as the citizens } Of the town styled themselves on the stone which they had contributed to the Washington monument,should have been within a few years afterward anxious to dissolve that fon which Washington had urged thom to thick and| speak of asthe palladium of their po!:ticat ntenancé® whatever may | suggest even a suspicion that it erent be abandoned;” but so it wes. =” day before the occupation the cis: had Voted for secession 953, against secession 4%. Alexandria was the barrack town of the unteers that were then flocking io the confed- erate standard.aud the fa e confe with its bars of red, white and req, above the Marshall House, a hotel oa we cor- | ner of King and Pitt stroots, kept by James W. | Jackson. The flag was © scernible with | # ficld glass from the Pre. 's House, where body of Kansas volunteers, irrogalars, under | Gen. Jim Lane, kept watch and war’ for the safety of President Lincoln. It ha! becuz ported early in May in Alexandria that “Jim Lane's Lambs” were coming down to take that | fing from the roof of Juckson’s Hotel. “Lane's Lambs’ are coming down to roost em your flagpole, ¢ Jackson,” said, an | Alexandria newspaper man in « chathug way to Jackson about this time. “I'l be d—4 if they do,” replied Jackson. “The man that gots that dag will carry it over mi dead ioty. I'm prepared for And his preparation was com)lete. NOW THE FLAG Was OvARDED. ‘The trapdoor of the Marshall House, from which the flagsta rose, was approache the attic loft by a ladder. Ox> smell cannon loaded to the muzzle was the arx-mnsat of the | garret fort over which Wave! the confederate ensign. The little betvery was 4 to the | floor to prevent recoti aud singul.cly enough did not point away from the fing, Sot torord it, being designed to eudlade thedadder aud sweep it from end toend. The load was made up of buckshot, nails, pieces of file and broken Dottie; This nom-descript charre was never fired and as in some weeks all expectation of frregalar movement upon Alexandria trom Weshingtos hed coased the little gun was re- moved and barie* im a gr 4en, and at midsum- mer pinks were growing sLove its grave. OONVEDERATE TROOPS TY ALEXANDRIA ‘Te hed never been intended to use the can-! man or, indeed, to make any defense of Stes | endris against any sufhorized movemes! by ‘They were in most cases the regular uniformed companies of the neighbor- hood, but some addr'ions had been made of newly organize:! corps of voiunieors, Thewilitary in town cOnsisted of ths “-~ Warren Riffemen of Warren county, Capt. | Bimpson; the Loudoun Guards of Leefburg, the Fairfax Cavalry of Fairfax, D. Ball; the Wastrington Home Guard, troop, Capt Powel, and the newly raised O’Connell Guards, Capt. Pressmen, and joiz the forces of | LOOKING FOR AN ariack. : Tt was expected thst an advance would be made by theforces of the United States imme. Giately on the expiration of the time given by ‘Mr. Lincoln in his proclamation directing the afterward took down his cannon,ai! the-= emple force to resent aay irregular oo gaid of “Jim Lane's Lambs” or other private force msion was dismissed. Yet, to be gare that no surpries would be mace, the artil- lery’s four stx-pound field Paeeee removed from the town to asafe placest Culpeper | Court House, eighty miles away. A slight mus fake in the wausmision , i | ailable troops | fate roqmsition und the town was | without a uniform. and it was | Sepeceed that the federal trooye © ance aud take powsession United States troops, however, aj fhe trains whick had carrie| the the battalion, up so the battery remained ou A guasus 9 2 The montiMor May wan yee. and the d:~ came = 205 town were io vote for or against secession & few mouths previous Alexandria Nad been | e%nion town. it hat z on the sth of! In these months, however, there had been a! Greatehange in public sentiment. After the Of the ordinance of secession by the convention, on the 17th cf April, had hoisted bis flag, and at once Amer- dean flags were displayed from several resi- very soon the United States | took position in front of the ing it; the Union American waved ‘The citizens were called to vote on the rati- feation 9! the ordinance of secession. It was ‘@ mere formal rote, for the secessiou ha =1- weady been made so far as +i. state ~"thorities eould make it, and Virginis had aiready con- "the votes were in reality effective. | military bands | ence ab: cluded an alliance with the confederate states, ‘The horse was gone and the vote was whether the stable door should be shut On this the vote was taken with as much formality as if It was, ho» ver, « fair expression of publio opinion, It resulted as above stated—for ratification of the ordinauce of secession 983 against ratifi- cation 4. The close of the polls was the signal of rejoicings. Henry W. Thomas, who had veen chosen state senator; W. G. Cazen, who had been elected member of the house of dele- gates. CL Terrett, who commanded the bat- falion, and Capt. M. D. Ball, the commander of the Fairfax cavalry, were sorenaded by the nd made addresses. There were then the private suppers and social even- ings that usually terminate public occasions in iucanwaile there was @ more potent influ- road than either Union or secession ot. Judge Whisky, a colleague of Lynch, was holding his court, with mad- oficers. During the night a throng notice to several persons gainst secession to leave town. iy God!” said one of them, sobered and nm ina stable, a few hours later, “can’t I s? Up toSo'clock this morning I was Gorge Viggers, and since 4 o'clock been hunting me.” ' ize Andrew Wylie, who had voted against was threatened, but the late Henry 1d interfered on his behalf. Months aft.cwacd, when Mr. Daingerfield, who bad been south, returned to Alexandria, he was threatened by some Union men, then in the mt. Judge Wylie intervened in support of Mr. Daingertield’s right to remain quietly at his home. ‘THE LAST DAT OF SECESSION. ‘The 23d of May was the last day of secession in Alexandria, At 4 o'clock Col. Terrett, com- manding the Virginia troops, received a note from the United States steamer Pawnee notify- ing him that if the state force continued in after sunrise it might become necossary «*-ll the town. In an hour the troops were under arms ready to retre=t. The rallying place had been fixed at the intersection of Washington and Prince streets, where the Appomattox monument now sts is. cketts, The United States artillery, Capt. had entered the town on the north. with the New York Fire Zouaves, Coi. Ellsworth, and the first Michigan volun- teers, Col. Wilcox, came by the river. “Who goes ther shouted the sentinel on the north end of the north wharf of the Vir- ginia town, as he discovered the loaded steam- the dawn. for the steamers wore too far. The of the sentinels gun was followed efrom the advancing boata, The aped from the wharf to the shore w, where, fully protected, he ran along the beach and rejoined his command. Meanwhile Sergt, Morrill had withdrawn the guards on the river frontand the infantry battalion was |on the move toward West End and Spring- field station. nine miles above,to which point all the available rolling stock of the Orange and Alexandria railroad had been sent from Alex- andria some hours before. Col. George W. Brent reined up his horse that stood pawing the cobble-ston impa- attobe gone at tho corner of King and Fairfax streets. But Col. Brent did not let the horse have his way. He was evidently waiting. He did not have long to walt. In a few min- + after he took his post there asa scout, New York Fire Zouaves passed ata run, going south along the railway on Union street, two blocks away. Col. Brent put spurs to his horse end dashed west on King street, passing Jackson's flag still flying, while Jackson lay asleep in his chamber below it, THE FLAG ON THR MARSHALL HOUSE. Zeus than two minutes after Brent had left the corner of King and Fairfax street and while the clatter of his horse's gallop couldstill de heard a group in Fire Zouave uniform came from the north on Fairfax andone of them who sore the insignia of colonel made an exclama- tion, as he reached King street looked west and saw Jackson's flag flying over the Marshall House, two blocks away. This was Col. Elis- worth, who had evidently been looking for » THE MARSHALL HOUSE. something. He had found it when he reached King street, for he cried out, “There's that rag now,” and jumped across the gutter to get » clearer view, and then started at a brisk pace toward the object of his quest. Capt. Brownell says that Ellsworth’s anxiety toselze and remove the flag was prompted by ® desire to avoid excesses on the of the soldiers, ax he feared that the house might be ' torn down if the soldiers should discover the confederate flag flying over it. aving Buirfax street Elisworth and his Party hastomed to King street and were soon at ‘hall Honse. ‘The doors were closed and ali within were asleep. They shook the doors violently. 40 away from there,” cried a voice from within, as old Col. Alexander, the clerk of the hotel, rose from a couch where he lay asleep with his clothes on. E HOTEL CLERE. What followed is given in his own words as narrated by him to the writer a few hours after the deaths of Ellsworth and Jackson. I thought it was our boys (the Virginia volunteers) at the door,” said he, “and I told {them to clear out But they threatened to | break the door down, and I up and let ‘em in, still supposing {t was our’ boys, when one of them cried out, ‘Which way to the flag? I waved my hand toward the door tothe passage where the stairs were, and they went through quicker than lightning. I looked out the door aud I didn’t see any of our boys, and then I thought I'd follow the soldiers, upstairs, Even then I wa'rn't certain they were Yankees, and I went upstairs to see what they were after for I didn't want Capt. Jackson woke up. When I reached the landing of the second floor I heard a shout, and going #o I could see’ I saw Jackson falling with a bayonet in him, and one of the others, that know how {s Ells ying on the steps as youcome down. I didn’ nit to be shot, so I came down stairs, and the soon brought Ellsworth's body down. Jackson lying on the floor. I wanted nothing to do with it’ THE TRAGEDY. con. ELISWORTE. whenat the head of the third story ‘toncame out of his room undressed, # if diac the Toads ‘of ‘hie iat, Bil Jecksos followed ‘he gon was still thick when with the bayonet of ‘THE OCCUPATION OF THE CITY. ‘With the death of Ellsworth the command had fallen to Col. Wilcox of the first Michigan. ‘He made a call on the city council for stables ‘and forage, but the council returned for answer that they had no mesns of complying with the demand. Col. Wilcox then made proclamation that be had occupied Alexandria for the United States, “assuring peadeable citizens of Protection to their persons and property, ordering the closing of all establishments for the retail of ardent spirits, and declaring that all combinatio; inst the United States ‘would be punish So the occupation of Alezandris was accom- plished. Less bloodiess than the bombardment of Fort Sumter, where no life had been lost, two deaths signalized the change of flags in the first Virginia town occupied by the forces of the United states. A sunt's IDEA oF wan, One of the most singular episodes of the Dorderland between peace and war was the inquest on Jackson's body. On the day that Jackson was killed the ordinary civil proceed- ings over his body took place. A constable summoned s coroner's jury, evidence was taken to ascertain how Jackson came to his death, and the verdict rendered in the case is still on record. It was like striking a match to see lightning. It is as follows:— “Alexandria county, to wit: An inquisition taken at the Marshali ‘House, in the county of Alexandria, on the 24th day ‘of May, 1861, be- fore James A. English, justioe of the peace and acting coroner of said county, in view of the body of James W. Jackson, there lying dead— The jurors sworn to inquire where, how and by what moans tho said James W. Jackson came to his death, upon their oaths do say that he Was Killed by an armed force of federal troops sae! in defense of his house and his privaio “In testimony whereof the said coroner and Jurors hereunto set their hands this 24th day of May, 1861. “James A. English, J. P.; George L. Deeton, foreman; J. 0. Bogiebright C. L. Neale, John | Cogan, Wesley Avery, C. W. Decton, Euijah Horseman, Jobn Fanshall, John L. Smith, Jo- seph Padgett, Jf ,tnd William . simpson. Ir. Glazior in his life of Ellsworth giv following history of his last day on carth: “Elisworth's command crossed the river in teamers and on learning that the place bad urrendered on terms proposed by the Pawnee. * © Ellsworth proceeded with a detach- ment of hiscommand to the telegraphs and | railroads. While on this mission the confeder- | ato flag flying from the Marshall House attracted his attention. He enterod with a Party and asked whose flag it was of 9 man whom he met in his shirt and pants, This Proved to be James W. Jackson. The man | professed to know nothing about it. Ellsworth Tan upstairs to the roof and cut down tho fla, and as he was descending the narrow stairway again some one, it proved to be Jackson, sprang from a dark corner and discharged a jouble-barreled fowling piece full into his breast. Tho shot drove into his body a gold circlet which bad been ono of his presenta- tions, inscribed with the legend: ‘Non nobis sed pro patria.’” One of his companions adds: “I stood and called his name alond, at which I thought he murmured inarticulately. I pr sume I was mistaken and I am not sure of a word after he was struck. We lifted his body | with all care and Iniditin room near by. The rebel flag, stained with his blood, we laid at hig fee! | This account is entirely correct except that the party mistook the man who met them below “in his shirt and pants” for Jackson, This half-dressed man was Col, Alexander, the clerk of the hotel. Jackson was aslecp in his room when the entry to the hotel was made, but awoke when with considerable tumult Ellsworth and his party went upstairs to get the flag. It was Jackson who met them as they returned. ere had Leen some apprehension that the death of Ellsworth would in some way be avenged, but nothing of the kind was done. On the contrary, the New York Fire Zouaves remained in the town until the battie of Bull Run without trouble on Ellsworjh’s account. They made acquaintances and aga rule were civil and well-behaved and more than one Alexandria lady found a husband among the young men that came with Elisworth to occupy ‘Alexandria, ELLSWORTI'S BODY REMOVED. The remains of Elisworth were wrapped in the star spangled banner aud carried up the river to the engine house, where Abraham Lincoln came to mourn his carly death and to carry his remains to the White House, Says Capt. Brownell: “It was only a short time, however, when a message camo that the President wished to see me at the engine house. I went, There was noone but the President, Capt Fox of the navy and the undertaker. Mr. Lincoln was walking up and down the floor, very iuch agitated. He was wringing his hands, and there was, I thought, the trace of tears upon his cheeks. He did not appear to notice my mirance at ret, Liiting the loth from the face of tho dead man he exclaimed, with a depth of pathos I ehail never forget: “My boy, my bor? Was it necessary this sacrifice should be made?’ After awhile he mude mo relate the whole occurrence in detail. I had scarcely finished before Mrs. Lincoln came, and I was again urked to repeat the story of the tragedy. to her.” the MR. LINCOLN’S TRIBUTE. A letter from Mr. Lincoln to Ellsworth’s parents testifies to his grief, He wrote: “In the untimely loss of your noble son our affliction hero is scarcely less than your own. So much of promised usefulness to one's country and of bright hopes for one’s self and friends have rarely been so suddenly darkened asin his fall. In sizeand years and youthful appearance a boy, his power to command men | was surprisingly great. This power, combined with a fine intellect and indomitable energy and a taste altogether military, constituted in him, as seemed to me, the best natural talent in tht department I ever knew. And yct he was singularly modest and deferential in social intercourse. My acquaintance with him began less than two years ago, yet through the latter half of the intervening’ period is was as inti- mate as the disparity of our age and my en- ossing engagements would permit, ‘To me foappesred to have no. indilgences or pas- times, and I never heard him utter a profane or intemperate word. What was more con- clusive of his good heart, he never forgot his nts. The honor he ‘labored for so laud- ably, and in the sad end so gallantly gave his life, ‘be meant for them no less than for him- self, In the hope that it may be no intrusion on the sacredness of your sorrow I have ventured to address this tribute to the memory of my young friend and your brave and early fallen child. May God give you the consola- tion which is beyond all’ carthi; Sin- cerely your frjend in a common afiliction, ‘A. Lixcoux.” —— Sheridan's Ride. ‘TUOMAS BUCHANAN BEAD. Up from the south at oreak of day, Bringing to Winchester fresh disiaay, ‘The africhted air with a suudder bore, Like @ herald in baste, to the chieftain's door, ‘The ternible eruuble, sud rumble, and rows, ‘Teiliug the battle was on once more, And twenty miles away. And wider stil those billows of war Liundered along the horizons Dar; And louder ye: tito W inchioster roiled he Foss of that red wsa uncou dak ae coiled. ‘the blood of the listener cold, bout ‘of tle stake in that ery fray, twenty miles away. But there ts a road from Winchester town, Aus there, throu the Musk $f the taorning Light, teed as'blact «Abe stocds Sire cmeenirencnte avinces efile niteaetens stretched away with his utinost speed; rose and teli; but Lis heart wasgay, ‘Biteen miles away. Inder his spurning feet the road. ke Ah BETO river flowed, WOMEN WHO FOUGHT. Daughters of America Who Followed the Flag. SOME INTERESTING CASES. Women Who Regularly Enlisted and Served im the Hanks Like Men—Stories Fall of Romance—How s Woman Rallied a Regi- ment Around the Colors. —_——_ HE WAR OF THE RE- ‘bellion ought to have settled one phase of the suffrage question in this country, for it gavo the He direct to the worm-enten argument that ethereal woman should not vote be- cause she cannot fight, and the ballot must be backed up by the bul- let—a theory, by the way, which holds only among American people, for the history of al- most every other nation shows that at various times women have been victorious leadors of battling hosts, Particularly is this the case in England and Scotland. Mary Queen of Scots and Elizabeth marshaled their hosts on more than one bloody field. Queen Victoria has never done so, because the occasion has not ro- quired it during “her reign, and feminine rea- sons would probab ly cool her zeal for any such performance, as she is altogether too fat to Present anything but a ludicrous appoarance onhorseback. She has, however, the rank of “colonel” in the queen's regiment. Many of the titled and blooded—there is a distinction between the two, even in England, don’t you know—women hold commissions in the vari- ous military organizations, Very few people bave the slightest concer- tion of how many women entered the army in the war of the rebellion and carried muskets, tramped through marshes and over mountains, bivouacked on the plains and dodged rebel shot and shell in tho forest during the years from 1861 to 1865. Mrs, Livermoro says in “My Recollections of the War:” ‘Somo one has stated the number of women soldiers known to the service as little less than 400. I cannot vouch for the correctness of this estimate, but I am convinced that a larger number of women disguised themeclves and enlisted in the service for one cause or another than was dreamed of. Entrenched in secrecy and regarded as men they were sometimes re- vealed ns women by accident or casualty. Some starthng histories of theso military women were current in the gossip of army life, and extravagant and unreal as were many of the narrations, ono always felt that they had @ foundation in fact.” As Mrs. Livermore belonged to the “lint and bandage" corps, and was in the bettie’s wako most of the time, she is excellent authority on this subject. WOMAN'S PART IN THE HOSPITALS, Woman's partin the sanitary and hospital de- partments of the army service hus been para- graphed, sketched, rhymed and sung until the whole world knows and honors the names of tho noble ones who sacrificed all to caro for sick and wounded. But those who daringly fol- lowed the troops into the field of battle and who acted as spies, scouts and guides have not been so fully exploited. Romantic ideas, no doubt, inspired many a reckless girl, while wives who were too loyal to the flag to interpose objection when their hus- bands enlisted were yet too weak to endure the thought of separation and took upon them- selves tho toils and privations and bravely faced the dangers and vicissitudes of camp life rather than remain at home a prey to heart- devouring fears, “Onward now gaily where bright plumes are dancing, Where banners wave proudly and wide, Where battle rages and falchions are glancing, ‘There beat our bosoms with Joy and pride. “Where e'r our standards bravely are leading, Proudly we follow, faithful aro we; Ready whenever our country is pleading, Ready to march with the bold and the free, sang the gay French vivandieres as thoy fol- | lowed the troops into action; and so, too, sung many women who foliowed the American armies in their wanderings. They did not go, however, as toys or playthings, They were in deadly earnest; they went to help and heal, to watch over loved ones, and many went to tight for the flag, for in those days the women were asloyal as the men, and counted lite itself none too dear to be sacrificed if need be to wash the stain of treason from the dimmed stars on the nation’s standard, Possibly it is true that servico in the field was not the noblost offering women could make! ‘True also, perhaps, that some who went wero gross and sordid, and their motives far from patriotic. ‘Taking all'this for granted, itis unfair to condemn the many for the dere- lection of the few. And. after all, what right has the world to judge the motive, since good came to many through their ministrations? A WOMAN WHO PLANNED A caMPaiox One of the most successful instagces of woman's work in the war is a matter of record in history, and dyed deep with the blood of the brave men who fell during the Tennessee campaign, It was a woman who planned that campaign, Miss Anua Ella Carroll of Maryland, a lincal descerdant of “Charles Carroll of Carroliton.” Miss Carroll was a woman of splendid inteUlect, great culture and intensely loyal to the cause of the Union, She wrote many articles about the causes leadin, up to the rebellion, and ‘published seve: pamphlets in which she discussed tho prob- Jom of war and its solution. President Liucoin was so much impressed by her stroug person- ality and thorough knowledge of the situation that she became one of his trusted advisors and was admitted to his presence at all times, Her letters to him, now among documents of state, had a special pigeon hole on his desi, In the autumn of 1861 Miss Carroll was sent to St, Louis on the recommendation of the War Depagiment to consult with generals ther Her knowledge of the south and its resources, ts people and its customs and habits wae so horough that she was set to work on mapping utthe Tennessee campaign. ‘The result of Lat campzign isso well known to the world hat no comment is necessary. A number of yoars ago Miss Carroll, being infirm and in want, appealed to Congress for some compensation for the labors she had per- formed, Her cause was championed by Henry Wilson and Benj. Wade, and there were the letters of President Lincoln and various mili- tary gentlemen, The bill for her relief dragged ite slow length through month after month and year after year until it gotto be a veritable “Jarndyce” affair. Congress finally declared that it was too much honor to bestow upon a woman and would spoil the paitry claitas set up by some parties of the other gender for originating the ideas of that splendid cam- paign, and refused to adjudicate the case at all” ‘The Court of Claims tinally got the busi- nese, and after the usual dignified delay “sub- stantiated the elaim to recompense alio ¥o long o made before Congsess. for ser formed during the eivil war.” spe ae A WOMAN WHO REGULARLY ENLISTED. ‘The only woman on record as having regu- larly enlisted in the war of the rebellion as a woman was Mrs. Kady Brownwell, she was the daughter of a Scotchman, an officer in the British army, and was born in the barracks at Caffarai, Africa, where her father was stationed uf] A f THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1892—PART TWO. - Mrs. Brownwell was, tall rather dark and eS. her oh ancestry in her face. Her hich was straight, hang flor to a little-below her shoulders‘and was tied back with aribbon. Her uniform was a blue flannel blouse and rather full skirt, falling almost to her ankles. She always wore her belt and saber, and onthe march wore When the first Rhode Island stood before Richmond on that awful July day, Kady was there with her colors. She was located ona slight eminence, and the flag she so jealously ded formed a definite ‘rallying point for en as the skirmish deepened into a eral engagement, Shells screamed through ee like howling fends and the air gre ick and hot with singing mine balls. Still Kady stood by her colors, About 4 o'clock in scene. Off totho right, where the roar had been ‘deepest, a death-like silence had fallen, and then came columns of straggling men, bearing the wounded and dead, and other columns of demoralized soldiers until the hole army was pressing pell moll to the rear. The Union lines had been broken and tho rebels wore victoriously driving them from tho field! What had two hours before been a reso- lute army pressing to certain victory was now a frenzied, panic-stricken mob! Kady held her position until the rebel bat- teries advanced to withina few hundred yards of her,when some retreating soldicr sang out to her to'come with him or her bead would pay the forfeit. shoulders and dropped it on hers. Alone she continued her flight to the woods, and finding a stray horse mounted 1t and fled to Centerville, still in possession of her treasured colors. Shortly afterward the three months for which she and her husband enlisted were up, but they re-enlistedin the fifth Rhode Island,and with the men Kady marched fourteen miles through the mud and marsh of the Neuse river bottom when the advance was made on Newbern. As the vari- ous regiments were getting into position for the engagement there the fifth Rhode Island, which had been in the shelter of the woods, advanced to position from under cover and were mistaken for the enemy by their own forces. Prepara- tions were lustily made to open on them with the artillery, when Kady, who quickly took in the situation, ran to the front, where she stood nt, and frantically waving her flag gave with ly fire that was almost upon them from their own gung, Mrs. Brownwell’s husband was wounded in this battie and while searching for him she found a wounded rebel among the dead. Sh dragged him from the mud to higher ground. where she did what she could for him and | then had him carried to camp. When he re- | gained his senses he rewarded her kmdness | with a volley of abuse and swore th | as he could handle a gun he would head off.” Naturally Kady return for herkindness, and bad job begun by some Unionist's gun, when | somé officers interfered and saved the life of the ungrateful cur. He recovered and will robably carry to his grave the stinging tongue Tiching the indignant woman sdministorod a she resumed hor Samaritan efforts in his behalf. Kady’s husband never recovered from his from tho service and went back to their quict home life in Rhode Island. Kady still has the colors and her discharge, signed by Gen. Am- | brose E. Burnside, and ‘her sword, with her | name cut on the scabbard, and a rifle which she captured from a rebel. "When sho left the service she gave the gun to a young soldier boy, who carried it till the surrender and ten returned it to her. Mrs. Brownwell bears the distinction of being the only woman who was regularly mustered into the service and di charged, anda gold mine couldn't purchase those priceless pieces of parchment, MADAME TURCHE The nineteonth Ilinois had a “daughter of the regiment” in the person of the wife of its colonel. Madame Turchin, as she was always called, was the daughter of a Russian officer, and, like Kady Bromwell, was born in a foreign camp and grew up in the midst of war's alarms, She had been a great favorite with her father’s command and was fond of army life, so when her pusband entered the army she was not dis- pleased, but followed his fortunes and became as great a favorite in the American as in the Russian command. She was a woman of splen- did physique and handsome. She was most in- tenscly loyal to the Union and would go to even greater length than her husband in her devotion to her adopted country. During the Tennessee campaign Col, Turchin Tas taken sorsously ill, but Kept up with the troops, in an ambulance, and was tenderly cared for by his devoted wife, who at the same time took Col. Turchin’s place at the head of the regiment and received from every man in the command the most implicit obedience. She was the equal of any one of them in the use of musket and saber and was equally siiiled jus a tactician and utterly devoid of any scnti- ment of fear. On several occasions she led the troops into action, facing a fierce fire of shot and shell, but her intrepid daring inspired the men to bolder action. When her husband was able to resume command she returned to the work of caring for the sick and wounded, who found her as admirable a nurse and tonder-hearted a woman as she was bravo and daring as a soldier. | Onsome pretext Col. Turchin was court- | martialed and everything pointed to a finding | of guilty, which at disgrace and dismissal, and made such a splendid plea that she not only obtained an order to sét aside the court- martial, but the commission for the colonel as a brigadier general as well. She hastened back to ‘Tennessee and broke in on tho trial scene just as the sentence of guilty was being pronounced and triumphantly waved the two papers in the faces of tho discomfited accusers, “FIGHTING BIDDY.” Bridget Devins, better known to the boys, perhaps, as “Fighting Biddy” or “Michigan Bridget.” was with the firet Michigan cavalry, am which her husband was a private. She was Irish, with all the Irish characteristics as to features and” form, and though she had a temper as warm as her hair was red, she was jolly and full of humor, which made her @ most acceptable companion at all times, She was an excellent cook, a delightful nurse, a erack shot and endowed with ‘a daring disposition which balked at no step taken tn the cause of i . She marched beside ber husband. If | asoldier dropped from the ranks she seized his gun and took his place. Qn the Lattleticld | she often caught the colors from the wounded ded standard bearer and never to rally the retroating troops. She brought the wounded from the ficid and cared for them tenderly. When the war was ended and the regiment mustered out of service, iget and her husband joined the regular and went to one of the posts on the “Mason” PAULINE CUSHMAN. One of the picturesque feminine characters of the war was Miss Pauline Cushman, known later as “Major Paul.” Miss Cushman was of French and Spanish blood, born in 1832 in New Orleans; she was educated and cultured toa high degree, but seems to have been born with a love for doing startling things, She adopted tye stage as & profession and made quite a name in that line, In 1863 she was playing a star engagement in Woods’ Theater in Louisville, Ky. Heing regaily beautiful, and as brilliant a8 sho was beautiful, sho naturally attracted many ad- mirers, among whom were some paroled rebel officert, Asher homo was in Cincinnati and sho had expressed the most intense loyalty tor the Union cause, her actions in Louisville gave her Union friends much cause for alarm. Finally one of ‘the rebel officers bantered her to 1uterpolate in her lines in the play that evpn- ing a toast to Jeff Davis—a banter which she accepted at oncé. In a second’s time her bright mind had conceived a brilliant idea, Sho hastened to the office of Major Moore, the pro- vost marshal, and accepted a proposition which she had received some time before to enter the secret service of the United States and took the prescribed oath. She was then given ex- plicit instructions as to her conduct and move- ments and intrusted. with valuable dispatches. ‘That night at the theater, in the midst of one of her most thrilling 8, she stepped to the front of the stage and in her rich, clear voice gave a toast which acted like an electric shock on the audience. “Here's to Jeff Davis and the southern con- federacy. May the south maintain her honor and rights! "Thetconfusion which followed this remark- able outburst is sald to have been indescribable, Her loyal friends were hurt and and the rebels openly jubilant an hissed, the latter ner while ight, which she anticipated. ustled her off sou the afternoon a sudden change came over the | He hbeid out his hand and just as | she grasped ita shell took his head off his | upon clezr ground, removed ' from the regi-| lors the only signal that stopped the | at this | abbing a musket | with fixtd bayonet she was about to finish the | wounds sufficiently to enter active service and | in the spring of 1863they were both discharged | | Plucky Madame ‘Turchin came to Washington | lead conqueriug hosts into battle. It was only And the rebel Tanks In gray. by forcible restraint that she was deterred from i | going to the President and demanding that she and th 7 has seldom been equaled. Miss Cushman rode | dangerourly ill She alittle thoroughbred of racing strain and in| ton and skilled ald was em loyed, all to no par- her eemi-military habit presented a striking | pose. After four years of privation and hard- appearance. It has beon stated that her per-| ship, crowned with honors from many bard- sonal beauty and brilliant audacity disarmed | fought fields, after Lee had surrendered, when the sternest of foes. Her luck took a turn, | from his window in the hospital he coula see however, she ran up John Morgan and | the flag waving over the nation’s Capitol not Napoleon Forrest and Bragg. Morgan captured | a star obliterated, not o stripe tarnished, her her, but succumbed to her dashing beauty and | lover was waging & losing fight with the last of offered her his heart and his interest in the | foes. southern confederacy, a diamond ring end | Somewhere tn the records of marriage various other belongings, but she saucily put | formed in Washington will be found that of headquarters, which he did rejuctantly. Gen. Forrest—who is remembered particularly in connection with Fort Pillow—was not one to succumb to a woman's smiles or frowns either” ‘Well,” said Forrest, “‘I'm glad to see you. I've been looking for you for some time, but I've got this last shuflle and intend to hold you. | You've been here before, I take it, and know all.the roads, don’t you?’ And ali’ tho bridle paths and even the bog paths? “Sir,” sho replicd as she drew her form to its proudest pose, “every word you utter is as falso as your own treacherous heart. I've never been here before and I should like to senda builet through the man who is mean enough to make the charge.” “Yes and I'd send one through yon if I could i you dared repeat the assertion. But you've got good fighting stuffin you if youarea woman.” From Forrest sho was taken before Gen. Bragg, sentenced to court martial, was found uilty of being a spy and sentenced to be anged. The only thing that saved her pretty neck at the time was her falling serio: y ill with typhoid fever, so she was taken to prison instead and for several weeks hovered between life and death, the victim of insufficient food and no care, ‘Agter tho fall ot Richmond the troops entered the city anda colonel in Gen. Granger's division, while passing a seemingly deserted building ‘decried a woman in a white night dress, feebly waving to him from one of its barred windows, and hastened to the rescue, Miss Cushman had been cruclly deserted by her captors, who left her locked in her ceil. She suffered for years from thre different wounds received while in the service and was | always very proud of the title of « * con- | ferred upon her by Gen. James A. AN ILLINOIS DAUGHTER oF THE REGIME Miss Belle Reynolds, wife of Lieut, Re company A, seventeenth Illinois regiment, ac- companied her husband to the front first asa visitor, They had been married but a few months, and the thought of separ: intolerable to both. Finally Mrs. Rey | persuaded her husband to permit > was a ch: Woman, gracious and kindly to everybody. | Her face was a familiar ono where sickness and suffering were severest, and she never tired of |well-doing. During tho battle of Pittsburg | nized by an Episcopal clergyman in June, 1565, |and somewhere among the forgotten graves | about the capital city there is a sunken mound with a small headstone, and by pushing aside insistent briars and tangled weeds you may yet be able to read the name “James Hendricks. With his wife's first kiss upon his brow, even then cold with death dew, and ox his lips ““un- til death do us part,” he ‘answered “Here!” as Azrael called the roll of the Grand Army up above, oS ———_+e+—__*_ Regiments That Lost Heavily. According to Fox's Regimental Losses the | regiments and their corps which lost 209 men or more during their entire service were: Ist M 1 7th Me 9th Masa, 15th Mass. 20th Masa. Landing, wheu the batteries were poi deadly fire into the ra shot 100th Pa. 105th Pa. 145th Pa. listh Pa ks on either side, ng shells screamed thro is went with undat estof the fight where lay dead iu windows, like in the ha hg ficid, and helped to take. to pinces of those that couid be moved and those who hi | been mortally wounded. She knelt beside a took their last requests and messages for far : d did the little that could be | done to soothe their last moments, i d_ his staif were 89 touched by | bravery of the woman who | The Derivation of “Canteon.” good as she was beautiful, that they | From the Gentlemen's Marazine. e commissioned her “daughter © A Scotch paper about three years ago con- the regiment,” to tuke the rank of “major, SS > oe’ ‘ on the bloody batule- | ined the following, which, by the way, takes 1d of Pittsburg Lendin | us once more to Flanders: The sixth Massachusetts had with thom a| “As @ curious illustration of the changes little ten waif whom they called “Miss | words undergo that of canteen may be cited. Lizzie” and gave the title “da T of the @ vessel in which regiment.” They attired her in a fuil suit of 4 ‘ regimentais except that her blue cloth was a *°ldiers during @ campaign carry water or dress bravely tricked out in brass buttons and | other fluids.- When the Duke of Marlborough’t gold braid. She was a bright, pretty child, | army was in Flanders they called this vessel a much loved by the men aad is said er to can. The French adopted the vessel into have been spoiled by the attention bestowed | their army, and, in accordance with the genius upon her. of their language, they placed the adjective ‘Miss Georgiana Peterman, attired in “army | after the noun, making it can-tin, pronounced blue,” enlisted in the seventh Wisconsin and | can-teen. In this form the English again took served two years. Her home was in Etlenboro | the word from the French, and canteen it must and she was just twenty whea she entered the | ever remain.” service, Really, the English language appears to be greatly indebted to the Duke of Marlborough’s army and Flanders. The discerning reader ill also observe that tin, at the end of & word, is pronounced feen in French. As @ matter of ENLISTED AS A MAN. One of thé women who had “papers” as private, but not as a woman, was Miss Frances Hooks of Chicago. Her twin brother deter-| fact the derivation of the English word “‘can- mined to enter the army and as she could not | teen” is somewhat doubtful, but the French bear the thought of separation and there was | ca”fine (Italian cantina), a celiar or eave, cer- tainly had priority of the English word.’ The editor who could put forward the “4 a Story as a fact could hardly have had much se- spect for his readers. THE LITTLE DRUMMER. A Soldier's Story. % H. STODDARD "Tis of a little drummer, ‘The story I shall tell; Of how he marched to bate, And all that there befell. ‘Ont in the west with Lyon, (For once the name was true), no one to object to the daring scheme she dressed herself as a boy and together the de- voted twins enlisted in the “Home Guards,” sixty-fifth Illinois, she as Frank Miller. She was mustered, out at tho end of the three months entisted for and hor sex had never been discovered. Her brother had been killed in battle and to avenge his death she eulieted again tn the ninth Ilnois, She was taken prisoner at the batt!e of Chattanooga and in an | attempt to escape was shot through the leg. | She jras recaptured and searched and her scx | discovered by the rebels. Sho was imprisoned | in Atlanta, but was given a cell to herself, sep- | arated from the other prisoners of war and For whom the littie veab treated with considerable kindness, her captors Us rat-tai-too. miring her pluck, y While in prison she received aletter from Oee eanet nee area, Jeff Davis, offering her @ licutenant's'tommis- Each slinging on his knapsack, sion if she would enlist under tho contederate And sautching: ~ tals gun; service, an offer which she declined in em- i” and off they started, AS ail good soldiers do, ‘When te iittie drummer beats for them ‘The rat-tat-too. Phatic Ianguaze, She was a pretty woman, with merry hazel eyes and masses of rich brown hair, and as she had again donned female at- tire she was satiated with offers of rebel love | and her liberty, one for the other, but she re- ‘ased freedom at such a price and remained in prison for many months until liberated by ex- change. Miss Annie Etheridzo of Michigan went with the third Michigan to the front and into every battle fought by them, sometimes as color boarer, often cn Tmusket and again ban- daging wounded legs and arms or performing the tast sad offices for the dead, Whenever the Across a rolling country, Where the mlst b Along the wooded hollows ‘The lne of battle r Our center poured a volley, 4 _And the figit at once began; regiment went into an engagement she was on For the rebels answered, shouting, | hand to take her share in the heat and burden And a shower of bullets flew, of the day. When the three years’ service was But still the little drummer best up the followed the boys into the fifth Vermout ‘His rat-tat-too. | regiment and remained till they were mustered out of the service. EMULATED JOAN OF anc. A sad case, fuily authenticated, was that of a young girl of Brooklyn, N.Y. She was but nineteen years old and had just graduated with high honor in the June of 1861. She was pos- sessed with the belief that she was a modern Joan of Are and that she was called upon to He stood among his comrades, Aé they quicaly formed in ibe, n thes raised thelr muskets r to him was wew, But still the litte drummer beat + His rat-tat-too. It was a sight to see them, Thi autumn day, in blue coats » drumuner as be beas be placed at the head of the armies, She was _ sent to Michigan in.the care of an old maid aunt, hoping that the change would benefit her. One day she was missing and no trace of her could be found. The family was finally forced to the conclusion that she had drowned herself in the lake. he gitl in boy's clothes made her way to sing, Mich., where she joined the drum corps of a Michigan regiment, This regiment was ordered to reinforce Roseerans in Tennes- see. She marched bravely and unsuspected with the troops as they pressed Eragg across the Cumberlind mountains and in every way proved herself made of heroic stuff. Her reg- iment was in Van Clive’s division at Chatta- nooga and in the sharp but decisive engage- ment of Saturday she remained unhurt The next day, howover, in s murderous fire, hor side was pierced by a minie ball and the end had come. When taken to the hospital her sex was for the first time discovered. She refused for a Tits comrades dropped around him— By fives and tens they fell, Some pierced by miaie bulleta, om by shot and shell. They played agalnst our cannon, And a Caissou’s epituters few, But still the little drummer bea’ His rat-tat-too. ‘The right, the left, the center— The tigiit was everywhere; They pushed us here—we ware ah Stove and broke them there. \¢ Rraybacks fixed their bayonets, "And charged the ovats of blues But -till the littie drummer beat His rat-tat-too. “Where ts our little drammer?” His nearest comrades say, When the dreadful fight is over And the smoke has cleared away. As the rebel cofps Was scattering je urged them to pursue, So furiously be beat and beat ‘The rat-tat-too. him off. He was forced to take her to Forrest's | James Hendricks and Ellen Goodridge, solem- | it him toWashing-| WHAT SOLDIERS CALLED THEM. ‘ickmames Given by Boys tn Biue te Their Generals. TRE NOMENCLATURE OF THE ARMT—ODP SORRT- QUETS WHICH RRO: RALLYING CRIES FOR TUE POTS —TITLES BESTOWED AROUND THR CAMPFIRE AND SOME OF WHICH STILL STICK. Tho manner in which nicknames attach to People, and the claw-like tenagity with which hey cling, t% really an interesting stady. They are usually called out by somo peculiar | Personal characteristic and im their “meet- ‘Bess or unmMectness™ lies quite often es much Pain os pleasure, The sanction for this method of expressing satire of sentiments of esteem comes from an ancient source and one that |can hardiy be disputed, namely, the Bible. | Aftor Jacob had wrestled with the angel |God changed his name to “Ieracl,” and esa “prince” gave him power with Godand man. When J. soph became an interpreter of dreams in the house of Pharoah be had con- ferred upon him the exgraordinary title Zap- | Rath-paa-weah, which really isn't Choctaw. gut means in the “United States” commander-in- chief. He was probably called “Joe” for short. | Gideon went iu the night with his men and overtarned the altar of Baal, and asaman of | might and daring was titled “Jerubbeal” | Saul of Tarsus, after experiencing a change of | heart, was baptized Paul, | A Turkish proverb says: “A mickname is | the heaviest stone the dovil can throw «te man.” And another relates that “He that bas | an ill name is half hanged,” but then all “nich~ | names” are not given for the purpose of cast- | ing discredit upon their possestor, Mr. Hol- | man of Indiana is rather proud of his title, | “The Objector,” and be might represent his Aistrict in Congress till he celebrated as many | Golden wedding abuiversarica as Methusalch | and never again interpose objection toa G. A. | Ror District of Columbia bi yethe never | could outlive that title, “Kicker Gilgore” | of Texas has a name that will stay by him to the end of the chapter. “Czar Reed” never preside over another | but he has gaineda title that | whether he lives in Maine or Missouri. “The Sockless Statesman” acknowledges with pride his alliterative nickname, and the “No Quorum Kid” from Texas will be remembered by that fitle long after his grandson bas taken bis seat io Congress. “Silver Dollar Dick” ts 0 title ite oud of, for he won it in a nearly fight ‘for his conception of aa it. The young maa from Geo: who rolled into Congress on the “grout jfxell” of ‘90 emiles benigniy at his tite of “Calamity Howler,” while “Private Jobn | Allco” is proucer of that title than that of “Ilonorabie” which Cougress tacks onto bis addre | The nomenclature of the ermy was partion- larly rich in descriptive titles and «study of - the men upon whom these names were be- stowed will discover the fact that very few of then wore ill-advised or misplaced. Gen, Ulysses Simpson Grant was at fire called “Old United States,” from the initials of Dame, After the Little episode at Fort Donelson, when he issued the edict which | stamped him as equal to tho emergency, bis men enthusiastically Jeclared that those initials stood for “Unconditional Surrender.” In fact those initials caused him not a little tion of mind, and in the end he actually had te abendon his baptismal name to save the dig. nity of West Point, which unwitti himaname that didn’t belo eit was “writ down” the cations involved i tape compli- in restoring his right name Presented fortuidsbie obstacies which he hesi- tated to tackle. Many of his men called him Throe Stars,” that indicating bis rank as heutenant geueral. Later, when fighting the battle with the conqueror who soon or late subdues all flesh, he became known the world over as the “Silent Sufferer.”” | Gen. William T. 31 called ‘ecumseh.” Gen. Goo, B. MeClellan, who was | Yorite with his men, became as “Littio Mac.’ Gen. George G. Meade wore glasses and was edily dubbed “Four-eyed ” from that and from the fact that he was keen and Fick aud vory little eacapog his obsorvation, he title was oue of which she was proud, for he knew it was not designed to cut two ways. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside, who relieved McClellan us commander of the Army of the Potomac, wus at first colonel of the first Rhode Island, but when he came to the dignity of general he was titled Rhody, Incidentally it may be stated that Gen. Burnside also name to the particular cut of “side burns” 0 much in vogue afew yearssince. “The general with his whiskers” was considered very handsome figure, Gen. Joseph E, Hooker got the soul ighting Joe,” which ho hated heartily, and the ‘man who was spoiling for a “scrap” could earn it easily by alluding to the doughty General's titlo in Lis presence. The McCook family was well ted in the war of the rebellion, and the various members were generally “bunched” as the “fighting McCooks.” Gen. Alexander McCook had as one of his staff oficers Adjutant Gen, Dan NecCook of Mlinois, Other members of the family were Capt. Edwin McCook, who uged to Logan's regiment; Lieut. Edward ok. = was in the regular army; on G. MeCook of the second Ohio; '¥ McCook of Illinois and Sheldon McCook, livutenant in the navy. They bore themselves bravely and won the title “fighting MoUooks,” where the battle raged ficreost. Gen, John Pope was called John.” When he first took command of the Army of Virginia he found everything in con- fusion, which he set to work to straighten ont. Consequently whea asked where his head- quarters were he replied “‘in the saddle.” His mcn said that headquarters were “in the saddle onthe move,” and their location liable to be in dangerous proximity to the enemy's fire during an engagement, Gen. Irvin McDowell was derisively de- nominated “Pope,” by bis irreverent valle” because, as they suid, he issued more than the Pope of Rome. They said of the two generals that Pope's “headquarters” were ia the saddio ‘aud McDowell's “head” in a basket ecauuse the latter general was so extremely contiont. Franz Sigel, the jolly German general, was familiarly known. A Dutch; Gon. Winteid Hancock was known as “Ean- cock the Superb,” @ name given him by Gon. Meade after the magnificent manner in which he repulsed Longstreet at Get Gen. Andrew A. Humphrey, who was» die tinguished engineer, was styled “Old Mathe- matics.” Gen. SW. Crawford was called “Old Physics,” because in the begi of his mili tary career he wase eurgeon. He was with Mojor Anderson during the bombardment of Fort Sumter, and saved the life of loger A. Prsor of Virginia, who while under « fing of truce inside the fort unccremouously p up a glass of liquid froma table aud drumk it for a “whisky straight.” It proved to be todide of potassium, but “Uid Physics” pumped him out and saved his lue. Geu. Joha A, Logan hud several titles, One was “Black Jack,” because of his tawny com- Plexion and long’ black hair. He was also called oid War Eagie” and the “Black Eagle of inoie.” long time to disclose her name, but finally told it to the hospital authorities and dictated the He stood no more among them, following lette: For a bullet as it sped Mr. —_No, — Willoughby St, Brooktyn, N.T.: wand crrctchee bes ise tae ded. Forgive your dying daughter. I have but @ He crawled bebind a cannon, few moments to live. My native soil drinks ms blood. Iexpected to deliver my country, but the Fates would not have it so. Iam con- tent to die, Pray pa forgive me. Tell ma to kiss my da; erreotype. Emu. P. 8.—Give my old watch to little brother. ‘They buried her under the shadow of Look- out mountain, which afew weeks lator gave back, echo for echo, victorious Union cheers, ‘Tho broad Tennessee rippled by the house in which sho was born, and there upon ite banks, And pale and paler grew; But etl the iitde druimet beas ‘His rat-tat-too. ‘hore the lush green grasses tangle above ber Soe tym 9 eal tak Gs pects ubds cae’ naan ee As be wound the snowy bananae the early dead, she sleeps today in sight of the Wich the tnt was staining feat flag she died to save, ° “I must leave you now, old BY HER LOVER’s SIDE. “0 take me back with you, When the war broke out Ellen Goodridge, Beg Lhnow she men ore tuiating young girl of northern Wisconsin, was engaged ‘ toayoung man by the name of James Hen- pecumredes shobeat dricks, James enlisted the day after Sumter Wn hi dusty drum before atm Was evacuated and was at the battle of Buil a ee Run. Ellen could not endure the separation ‘That neuter, neater dreet— and importuned her parents to permit her to And evermore he beat and beat go as hospital nurse, cook, anything if she pe sanane might only feel that abe was ‘The wounded as be passed them to help keep all the stars on the flag. Her igckes uy and ave a ¢ sistency her parents and they told her |+9 *Sitwees stelonet eet Lad the are fying coats of Yor whom Gen. Philip Sheridan, whose stature was far from commensurate with his ability and was — beloved by bis men and was by “Little Phil.’ Gen. Albert Sykes was “ sykes “Sykeey” among his