Evening Star Newspaper, April 4, 1891, Page 12

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. Cc, SATURDAY. APRIL 4, 1891-SIXTEEN PAGES. FORT CASTILLO. LAKE NICARAGUA. What is Being Done on the Great Canal Project. FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN. Only Sixteen Miles of Overland Need Now Re Traveled—The Varied and Magnificent Scenery in Crossing —Pienty of Alligators— Fort Castillo and San Carlos. Correspondence of The Evening Star. Sax Jcax vex Noate (Garrrows), Nicaragua, March 15, 1391 LTHOUGH SEVERAL YEARS WILL *Anave to pass by and a great engineering feat be performed before a description of a trip through the Nicaragua canal can be writ- ten yet today we can go from ocean to ocea: but sixteen miles of the distance to be ma overland, and the scenes have the advantage of being of the old order that to some extent will be changed when the great waterway is open and ships are seen on the lake making in thirty hours a journey that now consumes six months of stormy passage around the “Horn.” Approaching Greytown after a voy through the Caribbean the first view of land is of along low coast, scarcely raised above ti ocean, and groups of two aad three-story frame buildings here and there, to the right of the iong breakwater and picr that is seen ex- tending into the sea. The coast line runs north and south and the harbor entrance is to the north of the pier. The canal company’s buildings form three groups, the first of these being the store houses, the second the a ministration department, chief engineer's house and residences of officers, and farther up the beach, a mile from the mouth of the canal, are the hospital buildings. These structures occupy the beach and back of them for miles is @ swamp, over a man’s head in depth in the rainy season, although the bottom is above sea level, and the land could readily | be drained. and’ when that is done the rich | soil of decayed vegetation will doubtless be valuable for the culture of the pla other tropical products. The buildin canal company are all constructed of frame with balconies about each floor and the rooms ‘open on these. THE WORK OF THE DREDGES. Upon going ashore in a tug a full view of the canal works is obtained. The dredges are seen around the harbor and one or two of them are excavating the canal, which has been dug to a depth of fourteen fect some hundreds of yards from the harbor. The big Colon dredges are throwing out banks of sand on either side of the canal, the line of which is cleared for a number of miles inland, the trees being felled for a width of 300 feet, and beyond the tangle of stumps that have escaped the fire can be seen the hills of the “Divide,” ten miles away, e the heavy cutting for the canal is to be done. On either side and extending for a long dis- tance to the north of the caual is laid out the new town of America, the land being owned by the government and the canal company, the former only disposing of its property by giving lessen. A builling “boom.” other than the operations of the canal company, bas not vi America to any extent, its houses being com- -d only of a number of one-story structures [atts imo cheap style. One of these is the “official residence” of the governor, and above it wave the colors of Nicaragua—the blue white, blue flag. English influence predominated until a band of Americans landed in the town in December of 1887 to survey the canal route, and since that time one has seen more of the stars and stripes. The United States is represented here by Major William Brown, the consul who has held his post for nearly a decade, and is justly popular With all Americans with whom be comes in contact PLENTY OF ALLIGATORS. Upon leaving the town for a trip to the Paci- fic one of the most striking changes is the dif- ference in the scenery met. AtSan Juan del Norte but little is seen to suggest the tropics, yet when the river steamer, one of the class of stern paddle-wheel boats that are common on the Mississippi, has steamed from port for haif an hoar the change begins and we enter into u coun‘ry of palms. F: t on is the tangled growth of the forest—a scene of thick, hanging vines, orchids and other parasites covering the branches of great trees. Clear days, when e countered east of Lake Nicaragua, are apprec sted here, for the rainy season prevails for the Greater part of the year. With temperature ranging about seventy degrees the humid cli- mate is conducive toa rank growth of vegeta- tion, and on the sides of the river the matted of forest and jungle forms walls through which the eye cannot pierce for a distance of twenty feet at any are sleeping in banks and the steamer is seldom lac] a store of cartridges o: into the stream out of sight. But their name is legion and every bend in the river ia apt to disclose the form of one along the bank. Of ebarks too there are an abundance from the harbor toand throughout the lake, this being the only place where they are known to breed im fresh water. Craues are here and there along the bank and flocks of parrots chattering noisily occasionally pass over the river ora Brood of monkeys may be heard howling in the e. Lazy alligators end along’ the wsenger list of the ing soMe One Who Waster woods, especialiy im the early morning when their cries are most frequent. Now and then are seen birds of rare p . strikingly gorgeous in red, guld, yellow. black and whit And it weems strange to see their perfect featl ers survive in such beauty during weeks or months of almost incessant rains. PRACTICALLY AN UNSETTLED WILDERNESS. No habitation is met within fifteen or twenty miles of Greytown because of the lowness of he ground, but beyond that on to the lake there are little clearings, though over the dis- tance of a hundred miles they do not exceed in number three dozen and even that figure is double that which existed several years ago. ‘The entire region is practically an unsettled wilderness, as the clearings are small and run back from the river only a few hundred yards. Piantains. the bread of the natives, is the chief oduct, though it is but little in excess of the local needa of tho natives themselves, only & small portion being transported to Greytown for sale. Houses along the river are mere shacks of cane thatched with palm and the habitation has a mud floor and is devoid of all comfort. FORT CASTILLO. Several rapide are passed, Machuca being the most pronounced, before Fort Castillo comes in sight,;situated on the top of a hill a hundred | feet in height. It is an old Spanish structure that was a bulwark of strength in its day and | before the invention of modern artillery. Sev- eral guns are mounted and a number of soldiers are stetioned there by the government, and as a precaution against attack uo steamer is per- mitted to land there after sundown. The town | of an hundred houses of frame or cane skirts | the base of the hill, formed in one long street | by the water's edge. This is eighty miles up tream, and the rapids met here are the heaviest on the route. Another steamer is | moored ready for the reception of passengers | at the other end of the town and above the | boiling, surging foam that is dashing over the rocks. Cargo is broken and transferred over a tramway on a flat car. ‘To reach Castillo is a day's journey and the transfer of [freight and customs restrictions makes some a ‘The balance of tho trip to the lake is a | repetition of what we have passed over, the | hilis on either side getting higher as we advance | to the summit level of the waterway, 110 feet | above the sea. When the canal is built the old | fort at Castillo will be bereft of some of its | beauty as the plan is to raise the water at that point some thirty feet by building a dam, thus | taking away the lofty appearance of the struc- | ture and inundating the town at its base. The fort is famous as the scene of a battle lost by | Lord Neison, who, as a lieutenant, command a company that assailed it unsuccessfuily. A MAGNIFICENT VIEW AT SAN CARLOS. Upon reaching San Carlos, where the hill is also surmounted by a fort, a magnificent view | bursts on the sight, for there is spread before | us the grand scenery of the lake,» body of | fresh water ninety miles long and fifty wide, | skirted by mountain ranges on all sides. From the center of the Inke rise the twin voleanoes of Ometepe and Madera, the former being over 5,000 feet high, the latter having considerably lex altitude. as the apex of the volcano has fallen in. Ometepe was in eruption until about four years ago, when the smoke and flames VOLCANOES OMETEPE AND MADERA. ceased to issue from her crater. Three years before that the beginning of the eruption was foretold by a series of earthquakes felt at localities all over the country and when the flow of lava commenced the little town at the base of the mountain was thrown into consternation, as the direction taken by the seethiag mass was toward the houses of the people. The government dispatched relief jarties to them and the several thousand in- | habitants were moved to the mainiand. The | lava dow, however, was deflected and did not reach the town. The island has a rich soil and a portion of it is thickly settled. ‘The line of the canal passes to the north of it, and a short way beyond San Jorge, the port of Rivas, takes its course for the Pacific. At Rivas, seventeen miles from the voleano, the streets were lighted up during the eruption so that a newspaper could be easily read at night and the fall of ashes was so heavy that it became a serious matter andagreater part of the inhabitants moved away on that account. COMMERCE OF THE LAKE. Acozy steamer plies on the lake, belonging to the company which holds a monopoly for the navigation of the river and lake by steam. A number of small schooners find a trade be- tween the various ports of the lake, and when the weather is rough they need skillful man- agement, for this body of water can at times be stirred up into quite a heavy sea. The trade winds blow here with the same regularity as on the Atlantic and the beauty of the moun- tain scenery in every direction the eye may turn would make it an unsurpassed locality for an outing during the winter months, the time of the year when the weather is always found pleasant. Those scenes were familiar to a great portion of those who went to California in 49, as this was the route over which they traveled, thus ching by water a place known ae Virgin bay, sixteen miles from the Pacific, where they went overland to San Juan del Sur. ' The transit road remains today the best road in the country. ‘The region it passes throngh is largely devoted to cattle raising, the mountainous portion being rich in valuable dye and other wood, which ‘has remained untouched by the ex except within a few miles of the ocean and the port because of the expense of transporting it to the coast. The entire journey from ocean to ocean is about 170 miles, and few trips through a tropical country contain more of beauty and of interest than found in this journey. Cuartes E. Keay. ORIGIN OF HIGH HEELS. ‘They Were First Made of Wood and Were Invented in Persia. From the Hospital. Heels, it is said, owe their origin to Persia, where they were introduced upon sandals in the shape of blocks of wood fixed underneath, such being the root idea of those deformitiesto which lovely woman owes so many of her woes. A bigh, unsteady heel, it isan open secret, in- fares the leg tendons, and affects the spine as well as the internal organs, which are liable to be displaced by the thrown-forward position entailed. In Persia, the first home of the high heel, however, these blocks of wood were used simply to “raise the feet from the burning sands of that country, and were about two inches high.” With the Persian women these blocks were ‘vastly higher than those erected by the men, their height being from eighteen inches to two feet, thus becoming more of the nature of stilts than anything else. Strangely enough,many years after,s similiar a came into vogue in Venice: but the mo- five in this caso was comicaliy different, for ite means jealous husbands thought they would be abie to keep their wives at home.” The supports of such shoes in Venice were called “chapineys,” and to appease the vanity of the Indies. and doubtiess also to sugar the pill, were ma ie highly ornate. ‘The height of thew chapineys determined the rank of Wearer, an extra coating for the pill, “the noblest dam¢@s being permitted to Wear them one-half yard or more high.” ee renal An Opal Worth « Million. From the St. Louis Republic. ‘The most famous opal in history was that which was worn in a ring by the Roman Senator Nonius in the days of the Triumvirate. Its size scarcely equaled that of « medium-sized hazel- wat. Yet its beauty and brilliancy rendered it expecially when it was known that the gold- smiths and “money changers” had set its falas ‘st $1,000.000. Marc Antony made overtures to Nonius for its purchase, intending, it is to present it to Cleopatra, but the cofused to part with it, and, for fear be taken from him’ by sheer safety in flight. Here history this famous gem, there beit traasfer from Nonius to any i A Neat Little Luncheon. From the Chicaxo Post. Thave a friend who igone of the most tal- ented young men in the west. The other day he came into my office and madea cold-blooded bluff about taking me out to lunch, at the same time flashing a $100 bill before my astonished eyes. I took him up, right then and there, of course. We went to the Richelieu and ordered in the neighborhood of £16 worth of food and drink |and pitched into itasif we hadn't had any- | thing before for twenty years. It was a safe bet that this remarkuble exhibition of gener- Osity meant that I was to be called upon to give up something, and sure enough I was. iy the way,” he remarked as he was light- ing his cigar. “by the way. old man, I want to get you to do something for me.” “All right,—"l replied promptly. A friend who blows you off to « €16 dinner is entitled to ‘Lhate to ask you,” slowly at the cigar. went on, puffi "m_ devilish alident about asking favors of my friends, but you can , and I don’t think that it will give you You know I have never do very much trouble. struck you for any known each other. “Tha: sso,” Lanswered. “Go ahead, I'll do anything I can for vou.” Veil. you see,” he wens on, “it's like this. Tam—uo,” he broke off, suddenly, “I can't bear to ask it of you.” ‘There were real tears in his eyes. “Don't let yourself be disturbed, old fellow,” Tcried, very much affected. “Remember I'm your friend.” “No, Lenn't do it,” he said, when he had re- covered his composure. “I can't bring myself to ask you right to your face.” By this time I was very carious to know what the trouble was aud so I proved a soft mark. He had counted on that. ‘o,”* he continued, “I can’t tell you to your face. ‘Perhaps I might be able to write it down and go out of the room while you read it. Will you promise not to look at it until Ihave got clear outside?” he had shut the door behind and not till then, I unfolded the card. ‘was what he had written: “Please pay for the Inueb.”” The ome correspondent of the London ‘Standard say it fe more bankers Bounced to have failed at Leghorn,“ ] STURGEONS BY THE MILLION. A Report by the Fish Commission About a New Food Fish. HOW THE STURGEON MAY BE PROPAGATED sUO- CESSFULLY—THE CMSARIAN SECTION USED IX- STEAD OF THE ORDINARY “STRIPPING” PROCESS YOR GETTING EGGS—ITS EARLY GROWTH. HE UNITED STATES fish commission has just published a most im- portant report respect- ing recent discoveries made by its experts in regard to the propaga- tion of the sturgeon. From this authoritative testimonyitappearsthat the sturgeon may prob- ably be made one of the most profitable fishes known to the coastal waters of this country. In order that this result may be accomplished it is only necessary that the proper means shall be adopted for propagating this huge finny creature. One curious result obtained by experiment is | found in the ascertained fact that the eggs for | fertilizing are not obtained to advantage by “stripping” the live,female in the usual way. On the contrary it is found much better, and, indeed, the only readily practicable method, to cut open the abdomen of the mother fish, as if dressing the carcass for market and remove the ripe ova. The milt, wherewith to fertilize the eggs, is best obtained in like manner from living male sturgeons, the reproductive organs being cut out and the fluid passed from them. ‘The success which thus far hus followed this experimental method of artificial fertilization roves that millions of young sturgeons could Be hatched annually at small expense by the fish commission, with simple appliances, for supplying the waters. Trained takers of spawn would bave to be omployed, as matter of course, just as is done in the case of the shad, whose eggs are hatched by thousands of myriads by the commission annually. DEVELOPMENT OF THE YOUNG. ‘When the young of the sturgeon is hatched it measures about half an inch in length. At this period of its development it retains, at- tached to its body, a sac, corresponding to the yolk of an egg, which is intended for its food anpport for a while. At the end of a little more than a week the young fish, having absorbed this natural provision, must begin to forage for itsel turgeon isa scavenger and a bottom It preysjupon the smalier crustacca, wormg and all sorts of such life that is to be found’on the mud or sandjwhich may compose the bottom. Itdoes not perceive its prey so much by sight as by a system of feelers about the mouth which constitute a most sensitive apparatus of touch. The snout of the animal is used to some extent as a digging implement, for turning up half-buried mollusks and other available food. At Delaware City, forty-five miles south of Philadelphia, the run of spawning sturgeon is greatest during the month of May, particularly the latter part of that month. The fish ure caught with netsdrawn by sail boats, and the ordinary size of the females is about eight feet. WONDERFUL FECUNDITY OF THE FEMALES. The roe females which are not quite ready to spawn are most valued by the fishermen, inas- much as their roes are in proper condition for use by the packers of ‘‘caviare.” But the kind of roe desired by the fish commission for fish cultural pu is riper—in fact, just ma- ture and ready to be artificially fertilized by the milt of the male. One female sturgeon will contain, on an average, ten gallons or three pailfuls of eggs in this condition, all of them Tetaining their globular form, like so many shot. There are about 170,000 eggs to the gal- lon, or 1,700,000 eggs to one One gets a notion from’ mere arithmetic in this way of the prospects for the sturgeon by artificial incuba- tion, it being supposed, reasonably, that one egg out of every two represents a young fish. ‘The sturgeon egg, newly from’ the mother fish, is globular and of a brownish hue. At one side a darker round disk may be observed, which is the germ of the fish. Hour by hour i ir i tail and fin- ‘THE BABY STURGEON’S ENEMY. The most dangerous enemy which the baby sturgeons in the egg have to encounter is a parasitic fungus that attacks the dead eggs first, spreading rapidly to the live ones and invading their substance with its thread-like branches. One method suggested for getting rid of this pest is to boil the water that is to be flowed over the hatching trays, subse- quently cooling it by passing it through a cold coil of pipe and supplying oxygen to it by forced air. Such methods, if carried out, will, it is said, assure the success of hatching the eggs of the sturgeon to the extent of billions, so that the survival of a great proportion of the protected young may be reasonably counted upon. Considering it in the same catagory with the eel and the catfish, the sturgeon is one of the few fishes that are skinned and dressed before they are sent to market. The availabil- ity of the creature's hide for leather bas often been considered; maybe the problem will be solved before long. ‘The heads, tails and vis- cera are rendered in factories’ for oil, the re- maining flesh, bones and cartilage being dried for guano. After skinning, the carcass of a sturgeon will weigh 100 pounds, more or less, its market value being from 8 to 10 cente pound. CAVIARE FROM THE ROE. Caviare, from the sturgeon’s roe, is the most important product of the sturgeon. The finest caviare made in this country goes to Europe. The inferior grades are retained for the less critical home market. The import duties paid to the German government by packers of the American product is about 18 cents a pound, and the amount of the tax thus paid into the imperial German treasury must be considerable, inasmuch as a single dealer operating on the Delaware puts up 60 tons of caviare annually for the German market. ‘The caviare from the lake sturgeon is the best. fies fe SURPRISING GROUNDHOGS. Found by Millions on the Peaks of Moun- tains in Colorado. 66] OU TALK ABOUT GROUNDHOGS! Why my dear boy, I've seen ’em by the mil- lions, I might almost say,” said # man from the west to a writer for Taz Stan. “Up on Pike's Peak and on other mountains in Colorado, above the line of vegetation, the cliffs are fairly alive with groundhogs. The rocks in that region have a curious sort of formation, as if they had been spilled like so many loads of bricks in heaps, and upon the apex of each rock you can count on seeing a groundhog. Going through that region I have beheld at one view literally thousands of the animals, each one sitting upon its own peak of stone and contemplating the neighborhood. As I went along they popped into their burrows like so many jacks-in-the-bo: ing uy agein es quicklg'ss Thal paned, & Gastar immediate ueighborhood there was always deso- lation profound and unrelieved, while on all sides at @ little distance were myriads of groundhogs, eyeing me with a curiosity which seemed almost derisive, as much as to say that they felt entirely safe so far as I was concerned. It is the same way with prairie dogs when you through one of their villages. “How these groundhogs live isa question which no one hus ever solved. They dwell fat above the vegetation line on the mountains, and I have known many a pioneer in that re- gion who declared his certain knowledge that they fed upou rocks and snow. An even more dificult problem is that which concerns their drink. How is it possible for them to get water in so arid a region, far up on these tie elevations? It is hardly to be ‘that they burrow for it successfully. PLEASURES OF SPRING. ‘When Society Will Look for Pastime Out of Doors, JAUNTS ABOUT WASHINGTON WHICH ARR ENJOY- ABLE AND FASHIONABLE—A TALE OF & PICNIC AT GREAT FALLS—HORSEBACK TRIPS FROM ALEXANDRIA TO MT. VERNON. URS AND MUFFS AND WARM TAILOR- made jackets or light colors and Easter hate—which do you prefer? This year Easter was a perfect day, but weather is not as certain as taxes and sometimes Easter in the District of Columbia is far from pleasant. When it rains the new hat must wait or get wet. Several years ago there was a Washington girl who wore her Easter hat on Easter Sunday in spite of the weather. That year on Easter it rained, hailed and snowed. It was cold, soaking wet, slippery, everything that is dis- agreeable, but still this girl would wear her new hattochurch. Up the aisle of the church to the front pew, where she sat,she bore her glorious Easter hat. The weather was so bad that many good Christians stayed at home, and there were not more than a hundred people in church and they all had on their oldest clothes. Alone und conspicuous shone out the bright colors of the hat but that wasn’t all, for it had got soaked with water and the colors had run, and down the face of the silly girl were threo distinct broad streaks. One was of brilliant vermilion, another was of sky blue and the third was of dirty green. She sat through the service and supposed that everybody was star- ing at her, because of admiration for tae bon- net, but when sho got home and looked in her mirror she saw the real state of the case. She learned a lesson and ever since then has been careful not to wear bonnets in the rain, and, moreover, she is more careful now in se- lecting the trimmings for her hat. There was no risk in wearing bright colors on Easter hate this year and the bright coun- tenances of the young people showed that they wore all glad that the gay season had re- turned. Lent has gone, the winter season is dead, the second season has begun. Each year in Washington it iaste longer than it did” thi yer before, and this is as it should be, for thi: the pleasantest season of all. There is more variety to the form of entertainment than there can be in winter and there is more free- dom, too. When the doors and windows are open, as they will be soon, and when the bal- conies are in use there is not much room for stiffness and formality. Another great point in favor of the gayety of spring and early sum- mer is that it may take place out of doors and gives health as weil as pleasure to those who participate in it, and for parties of this kind there are few cities so weil adapted as Wash- ington. Let us take # glance at the form that these parties will be apt to take. A PLEASANT PICNIC GROUND. One of the most beautiful and romantic spots in the United States is the Great Falls of the Potomac, seventeen miles away from the city, but reached without much difficulty by the fin smooth road that runs by the river and crosses the wonderful Cabin John bridg. vealing at every turn new snatches of matchless scenery. To have picnics at the falls has alwafs been a favor- ite sport during Washington's second season. Some people like to carry baskets and camp out for aday, but many of our rich and fashion- able residents don'trun things on such a sim- ple basis. They prefer to carry a small army of servants and a provision train and to have a feast on the rocks with the dashing water roar- ing beneath. These all-day excursions are great fun, marred only by an occasional misunder- standing among young men who get jealou: ‘There was an iustance of this not long ago tha is worth relating. A party went up to the falls and in it was a certain girl whose natural attractions are en- hanced by the fact that she has a handsome fortune. Among the men were her two par- ticular adorers—one a gallant otticer in the pay corps of the army, the other a clerk in one of the departments. ' Relations between them were somewhat strained, but on this occasion they appeared to be friendly enough and were observed to take a drink of seltzer and whisky together, clinking glasses and grinning at one another "good naiuredly. But both glasses were put down rather hastily as the young lady in question passed them on her way toa further investigation of the rocks. ‘The sight ‘was an interesting one. First went the girl, jumping from rock to rock as lightly as a spar- ihe water dashing and boiling around her, for whe was fast getting well out toward the middle of the stream; next came the paymas- ter, striding heavily along, for he is large and awkward, his arms outstretched and looking anything but happy; behind him came the cierk, skipping pretty gracefully, for he is of slender build and light on his feet from much dancing. The thing was clearly a race and the mischievous girl looked behind and seemed to enjoy it. Sue bounded on aud reached a rock where her position was anything but a secure one, but when the paymaster reached the rock, which she had just vacated, he crouched there helplessly, holding on to’ the rugged surface With his hands and knees, a ludicrous picture of « galiant man in a very’ ungallant position. In an instant the clerk had leaped past him and was on the further rock by the girl's side, and there was only room for the two. ‘The clerk had won the race. He told some one of the conversation that occurred between him and the girl he had been chusing, a coversa- tion that was carried on at a disadvantage be- cause of the thundering roar of the waters. “Isn't this glorious?" shrieked the lady. “Grand!” howled the clerk, “and the pay- master has got left. H-0-o-r-0-w-r!”” What?” yelled the lady. < ‘I can't hear a word you say,” bellowed the man. Butit probably was a satisfaction to him to be so near her. ON HORSEBACK TO MOUNT VERNON. Another tine expedition and a more common one than the journey to Great Falls is the Mount Vernon party. By taking the ferry to Alexandria one can ride or drive down and the rouie is a most captivating one. Nor is the Tide a disagreeably long one, not being more than seven miles each way. ‘To go in this way has alway been popular with the Washing- tonians who ride horseback. ‘he only trouble is that considerable preparation is necessary, especially in the matter of the feast, and an ex- pedition of this kind iy a tame aifair if no feast 1s provided. ‘To ride seven miles and then find nothing toeatand drink is too much. ‘To carry @ provision wagon in the wake of the party and to have an accident happen to it is suill worse. Lust year about this time there was a party that went to Mount Vernon on horsebuck aud the horse attached to the wagon that held the lunch took frigut and ran away, and his route could be traced by the broken champagne botiles and saiads and sandwiches that were strewn along the road for several miles. But there is comparatively tittle dan- Ser of a mishap if you go uown to Gen. Wash- ington s place by Water, aud this is the more usual way. hese parties cannot very well be failures. The guestscan be trusted to take care of themselvesand to enjoy themselves. IN OLD VIRGINIA. ‘There isa new party for the spring that has recently come into fashion end thatshows signs of increasing popularity. It consists simply in Stour of obwervation among the quaint old hamlets across the river. iluny of the rich pleasure mukers of Washington ure from north- ‘ern communities and are beginning to discover that it is not necessary to go far from home to sce some of the most curious and interesting bite of antiquity iu the country. “There is out excellent neighbor Alexandria, once a part of @ District of Columbia, and the good old town is being invaded now by parties of hand- somely dressed ladies and gentlemen who come to see the old Carlyle house and the city tavern and the grave of the unknown stranger and the hundreds of other points of interest. Some of the antiquaries have penetrated as far as Fairfax Court House, a journey that is well worth the trouble, for a more charmingly mose- grown old town does not exist. Bostonians are very proud of Loweli and Salem and Med- ford and of the old nouses there, but Washing- tonians have more interesting antiquities almost at their very doors. ‘The New England houses of a century ago were built nearly always of wood. They are kept in good repair and are painted every few years. consequence is that one has to be told that they are old. In Maryland and Virginia, on the other hand, our k, and it is to be feared done very extensive repairing. The result isa far more pic jue and ancient appearance than is to be found in New England." ‘The par- ties of investigation in our antiquities are sen- sible affairs, since they ure educative, and they seem to have taken quite a hold upon the peo- : A NOTED ARMY SONG. Ctreumstances Under Which “Sherman's ‘March to the Sen” Was Composed. TWo UNION OFFICERS WROTE IT WHILE Ix PRISON—WHEN IT WAS FIRST SUNG AND TEE ENTHUSIASM IT CREATED—THE ORIGINAL SINGER Now IN WasuINaTox. F THE HERO GENERALS OF THE WAR ‘those most endeared to the troops who fol- lowed them were as remarkable for their sim- plicity and frankness as they were distin- guished for courage, decisiveness and determi- nation of purpose. All traits were emi- nent in Gen. Sherman. His fighting qualities and his great ability as commander of tre- mendous armies are too conspicuously s part of the history of the great civil strife to dwell in a sketch like this upon what every history- taught school boy knows, It is upon another side of his character known only to those who immediately shared with him the rigors and hardships of the march and the campaign, as well as the ardor of battle and the glory of vic- tory, that it is most pleasing to look. Tt is the bon comraderie, the unfingging cheerfulness that brightened all his purpose and infused among those who marched with him to the sea his own sanguine audaci indomitable determination. It was this that tnd inde them seedy end wilting $0 do and und mi a and wi to dare togethe: SHERMAN'S TERRIBLE EARNESTNESS. Terribly in earnest from the very beginning, and realizing how long and arduous was to be the struggle, it was not at alla jest with him when, entering upon the duties before him in the first campaign, he declared it would take 200,000 men to penetrate the enem: Y in the way he afterward did, crushing the last hope of the confederacy. When he made this assertion he was Inughed at. Newspapers said he was crazy. This was when an army was or- ganizing at Louisville for the southward move- ment. One day there the general, thinking over over these things, took from his pocket a cigar, and having no match he borrowed fresh cignr, just lighted, from a zouave atanding near, and, tossing the private's cigar over his shoulder, went on talking to a fellow officer. The latter re~ reminded the general of his inadvertence, when he laughed heartily, saying, “Did I really do that?” He often afterward referred to the in- cident as illustrative of how absorbed he was in those days in what he had before him. Such as this, with his food humorand simplicity, it was which gav warm place in the aifec- tions of his soldiers, who accompanied him from the day he had saved from even more shameful rout the fleeing army of McDowell at the first battle of Bull Kun, through, the ter- Tible two days at Shiloh, on through all the campaigns through Georgia and the Carolinas, until the triumphal march into Washington. AT MISSIONARY RIDGE. “Uncle Billy” he was to his veterans, and they were ever ready to cheer him with enthu- tic shouts. A trained soldier, he did not give his orders even on the most dramatic oc- casions with anything like the magniloquent style of the autocrat army chieftains, but often in the naivest, simplest terms. It was at Mission- ary Ridge. ata crucial moment, pointing tos hill bristling with confederate artillery, he said to Gen. Ewing and other prominent offi- cers near him: “I see Davis coming up. You'd better form your commands in echelon until You get within four hundred yards of the works.” “Shall we keep up the formation after that?” asked Gen. Ewing. “Well, I guess,” replied Gen. Sherman, “you'd better go ‘on and take that hill if you oa That ended it. It was understood as = per- order. The assault was made, the hill d the tide of battle turned against the confederates. ypped up as he was with the duties he had to do the general was ever ready with good fellowship. He was fond of a joke and often made them. He loved music, as his partiality for the stage since the war has proved, and as he showed often in camp life during tho war. A night or two after the storming of Fort McAllister, a sight of the sea having been ac- complished by his resistless hosts, they were encamped near Savannah, and the general sa; at his tent door smoking’ and listening to the playing of # band in the distance. He liked the music and asked what was the piece, and directed an orderly to go to the band and order the piece repeated. It was the old song, “The Blue Juniata,” with variations. It was re- peated, other bands took it up and the soldiers sang it often afterward as “Uncle Billy’s favor- ite.” What wonder, too, that he should find Intenee ‘enjoyment 'in thowe famous songs, “Marching Through Georgia” and “Sherman's March to the Sea?” ‘TWO 80X08 AND THEIR HISTORIES. Both these songs have interesting histories. That of the first is familiar to most renders. The second, “Sherman's March to the Sea,” more fittingly describes the grand strategy which broke the heart of the confederacy. This song was composed by Lieuts. Byersand Rockwell. while in prison at Columbia, 8.C., just befor> the entrance of Sherman's army into the hapless city. The music, as it first came to theears of the well-pleased general, Was sung at his request by E. 0. Kimberly of onsin, leader of a brigade band, third di- vision, fifteenth army corps. Mr. Kimberly was one of. the first who enlisted in Wisconsin. He started out as leader of the band of the third Wisconsin infantry, volunteers. In Banks’ precipitate retreat before Stone- wall Jackson, in the Shenandoah valley, this band was compelled to abandon instruments and run for dear life. Soon after this, by a general order, regimental bands were dis chargel. Kimberly immediately repaired to his home and there organized a brigade band, which soon became one of the best in th service, and was eventually assigned to the first brigade, third division, fifteenth army corps, Logan's veteran corps,’ By the fine per- formances of the band and their excellent de- portment they soon became favorites with all the army. ‘They were often called upon to play for their chief, Gen. Logan. Leader Kimberly, who had a good voice, was invariably asked to bing, being always accompanied by a fine vio- linist of the band or the whole band in concert. ‘The fame of the band and their leader soon reached Gen. Sherman's headquarters, and their music, both vocal and instrumental, was soon in demand along the mareh to the sea and through the Carolinas. Whether wading rivers or miry swamps or trudging on, saturated with rain, music from this band to cheer the poor tired fellows on the march when they bivouacked for the night's rest was rarely for in vain, Music had its charms for weary rank and fileas it had for the anxious leaders. COMPOSED AND WRITTEN IN PRISON. It was on the 17th of February, 1865, that the army entered the capital of the first secession state of the confederacy. Soonafter the Union troops arrived two lioutenants in blue were with other soldiers of the federal army set froe from prisons in the city and joined in the Bs bilations of their victorious comrades. lieutenants were Byers and Rockwell, who com- sed while in prison the words and music of ‘Sherman's March to the Sea.” ‘They went directly to Gen. Sherman's head- quarters and placed in his hands the manu- seript of their song. On the night of Februar; 20, just after the id had played tattoo a: were about to retire, an orderly went from Sherman with the manuscript to Kimberly, re- questing him to come at once to headquarters and sing the song. But the vocalist and band leader was excused this time on account of a heavy rain which had begun to fall and the lateness of the hour, with a promise to comply with the general’s wish at the earliest ble moment. ‘Iwo weeks luter the army reached Goldsboro, N.C. It was then and there Kign- berly’s band repaired to Sherman’ juar- tors and serenaded him in its best style. ‘I the leader sang from the manuscript fo: the first time to the happy old veteran “Sherman's March to the Sea.” It was demanded and as anencore. The man who sang it then hhas Doon singing it over and over since the war to hundreds and thousands of all over the country. This same famous brief stay in New York received tering notices from the said of it: “The ¥ : : i EE see’ HY | What People Are Thinking and Talking About in the Metropolis. SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT DR. CROSBT— THE EXERGY AND PLUCK THAT MADE HD GREAT—THE LITTLE WAB CLOUD AND ITS EP FECT OX THE ITALIANS OF XEW TORK. Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. ‘New Yorx, April 2, 1891. The death of Dr. Howard Crosby removes one of the few great citizens of New York city. He was a man who was intrinsically great. His Professional relations and attainments were merely incidental. He would have been a great civil engineer or a great blacksmith or a great anything he undertook. I have bad occasion to see most of the leaders in public life and from that knowledge can say that had he accepted the nomination to Congress which once came to him he would easily have taken rank among the few dozen great statesmen of his generation. Perhaps in Congress he would have found even a more congenial field for certain of his acquirements than in the pulpit. He was # born reformer and was physically adapted for his work. He did hot lack in gentle for, like 0 many of these very strong men, he could be as tender as a child, but I scarcely’ ever saw man who could be eo bitter and reckless in his invective. When he opened his batteries against the public vices there was always terrible exe- cution. His eye flashed lightnings and his voice rose to a roar, which reminded the star- tled listeners of stories we hear of Mirabeau in the French assembly Of course a man like that had difficulties with ple, who, nevertheless, admired him and Foliowca “Lima. "He was looked upon in the Brand and very Seny good people locket quite looked askance at his heretical viewson such sapfect as temperance and politics. Neve when he died, one of the most va- liant soldiers of righteousness, and one of the wisest and most enlightened, too, laid down his sword. None of the pictures do justice to him, ‘ially when en) in battle. He trimmed his white side whiskers iown low in tl w, emphazit 0} outlines of the Senet of his face, eo that the effect was a very ugly one to the party ‘against whom he happened to be thundering. TEMPERANCE V8. ABSTINENCE. Dr. Crosby's attitude on temperance was Perhaps the subject on which he excited most criticism from those who generally agreed with him in his point of view. He took the ground that total abstinence from wine was not bibli- cal nor under the law of Christian expedienc; and he used wine perhaps much on the same rinciple as the good old Quaker saint used to her knitting out on the veranda on Sun- day. Dr. Crosby's argument supplemented the familiar one about Chri ing wine, with the further statement that there were ai that time total abstinence societies in Palestine, and that Christ did not regard it as expedient for Him to abstain for the sake of others, but on the contrary made intoxicating wino and drank it, and that. therefore, it Was nota matter that fell within the lines of expediency for His followers nowadays. He however, passionately opposed to strong drink, and he chased the local dealers and the liquor interest from pillar to post with a rod of scorpions, There has never been a man in New York who has given the liquor dealers #0 much trouble, or whom they should be so glad to find coid in death. One of his last efforts was to organize against the pending liquor bills in the legislature,and on the very day of his funeral I received a circular from a society de- voted to that purpose where his name aj petted as the leading member in the executive The multipheity of employments which Dr. Crosby found time for was something amazing. He had a restlessness of genius which com: pelled him to take a part in whatever interested society, but he was never mere meddler. Whatever he did he did with hie might. He was one of the veryfew men who could be Yersatile and still be thorough. For exampl it may not be generally known that he was o: of the most important leaders during ons epoch of the fight in the international copy- right agitation; but he was obliged to relinquish activity there, owing to other demands on his time, so that he was not prominent in the clos- ing scenes. °TI8 GIT UP AND GIT THAT MAKES MEN GREAT. Most people were much surprised to learn that Dr. Crosby was only sixty-four years old, and the universal comment was: “How could hedoso much in that comparatively short life?” ‘The answer is easily found if we take pains to seek it and it carries a valu- able lesson for every youthful reader. In a word, he began young. Nowadays there is very absurd and costly tendency in education toward extendi the pupil period into middle life. Let no youth fail to lay the truth to heart that he makes his bed for life between twenty and thirty years of age. Dr. Crosby notonly got up earlyin theday, but he got at work early in life. For example. he read Greek fluently at six. Not that this Was such @ wonderful feat, beause many children at that age can read English. which is amuch harder language, but it illustrates the go-ahead quality of his nature which soon showed in all other directions. He entered college at fourteen, was graduated at eighteen, was a Greek professor at twenty-one or very shortly after, and so rapid was his ogress ii theological studies that he was lea doctor of divinity before he became a tor. In short, like Blaine in politics, or Francis A. Walker in economics, or Lowell in poetry and scholarship and almost all the otler femous men of ali times, he got up very early in the a of life ne nd at Work while his yfellows were still rubbii academic Cobwebs out of their eye, NOT A VERY BIG WAR CLOUD. The abruptaction of Minister Fava has made, of course, much talk here, and that peculiar idiot who is always on hand to explain how a foreign fleet could anchor off Coney Island and bombard New York is reveling in his custom- ary horrors. The general opinion is that the Italian ministry have been acting largely for buncombe. At the same time, it is not fair to the Italians to say that they are actuated simply by © spirit of bina I know that ere is a very deep sense of wrong felt by the Italian colony here and that they are disposed to treat the situation very seriously. They be- lieve, however, that the newspapers—both Ital- ian and American—are making too much fuss and are retarding an honorable settlement of the matter by a sensational treatment of the news. The incident thus far has had no effect whatever on the excl or on trade, which is a pretty sure proof that level-headed men at small importance to it. Our trade relations with Italyare consider- able and a real interruption in the friendly re- lations of the two countries would soon be felt in many lines of goods, especially in d fruit, But all talk"of real trouble ie dienisg by intelligent Italians as absurd. . ‘WILL THE LADIES FORGIVE M’KINLEY. ‘The housewives of the city, whether notable of cheaper sugaz. Stories are conflicting, but the stronger opinion is that sugars will come down about 2 cents a pound under the new tariff. Ifso, the ladies may perhaps patch up a pouce with McKinley and forgive hima for the higher prices that prevail in the dry goods ‘NOTES OF THE WEEK. No sadder episode of the grip can be cited than the death of young Brown, the son of the New York agent of the Cunard line. The cards were out for a EDUCATIONAL. RAILROADS. p#rsical coLrunE AND ELOCUTION Tanght bya lady who has stndied under the test eminent instructors in this country. For particulars and terms cali or address 1329 M ST. N.W., NEAR THOMAS CIRCLE. ape QLOCUTION. ORATORY, DEAMATIO ACTION snd vocal culture. FDWAKD ©. TOWNSEND: and Miss ADA (TOWNSEND, Teachers (Shaftesbury method), 1317 13th et Rowe mpl ata WOOD'S, COMMERCIAL SCHOOT, 407 EAST 2 pearl st Lyne eritiie and a Sree ora gal busin WSR on easy terme 3 GiWiripon portrait in drawine be ‘eons day and evening, SW BLYNOLDS, Fst. _" mabI- Lt R. RICHARD S. HOSENTHALS MEISTERSCHAFT SCHOOL OF MODERN LANGUA\ 000 THIRTEENTH STREET, NORTHWEST CORNER OF F STREET. ‘The Most Practical, Thorourh and Most Rapid System in Existence. ‘The Perfected E:ison Phonograph Is Empioyed At this School Only. An Enormous Help for the Real Mastery of Foreign Tongnes. French, German, Spanish and Italian On Tap. Come and See It 27 Tria] Lessons and Exuibitions Gratis Every Wednesday and Saturday at 4 5 ‘Terms, 10 for 20 Lessons. Daily Use of Phouosraph Gratis, Pupils have, theresore. ti for si : 7 tots DRAW no knowledae of Faison’ 0 GUAGES—GAILLAND'S « S brated. entirely oricinal and fascinatine metho. exempt from all Usual trivialities and only one based upon sound s-ientific an: Phinciples and ‘ecorated by tue Mizuster of Putte Instruction : saves time an IF Clansee for all erades constantly forming. “1017 Cona. ave. (COECMBIA COLLEGE oF comMERCT, G23 La. ave., opposite city post o Secure a usefur education st siawks, rites urine the . Six thorourh Business, Faviish, Accountancy, Civil Service, Nove on applt, ation. mat ___C. K. URNER, A.M., C.E., Prin. CoLUMBIAN TNivensiry. = MEDICAL AND DENTAL DEPARTMENTS, 1295 H ST. New. ‘The SPRING COURSE of lectus Thursday, April 2d, at 6 p.m. ani continue uot Mes putinue unit! May 30." Notes required excopi thiat for hiatrionlation, #6 ee Fk BING, te Telephone 885, SP) chan BUSINES ¢ hand D: Spring sessions. Li.prove ‘schools. ¥ School of Busines, "Accounts aud School ‘of ping, fel.col ot Shorthand, Typewriting and Phonograph. School of Bpencenian! Kaya Wr School of Mechanical and Architectural Drawing. Behvol of Civil Service raining. Quarterly or monthiy rates. Day and nicht sessions, ite OF call ior illustrated announcement HENRY C. SPENCER, LL. MAS. SAKA A. SP! a a C. STARI 15 E ST. + n.W. Business course, $5 per month, €30 ten | months :day and evening sessic i Private and class : struction; students Tor ciVilservice exat Peale: ae RHO, of Miustrating bool keepings | Py winch students svance rapidly Snort Tyiewnting, thive mouths, S10” Dipionas, iy NLLE PRUDTC OD st. Spring & “Gall ty dal W. Godding St. Bisa" anieiin ORGAN J. dq SCHEED, TEACHER OF Pix sand singing at Particular attention to be- crit Eitners as weil as. thom wishine to. be qualified 4 cod readers and'periormers. 2a Lth'stt nw. oy M5 SUSAN ANDREWS RICE, ta of X. Fn culture culars 1006 N'st. n w. is LE. OF BO: Graduate of the New England C PIANO AND HAKMON}. OP7-skwtr 1226 Massachusetts ave. TASHINGTON CONSERVATORY oF MU 1225 W0th et. nsw. ; 0c. half hour. Mrs. J., 410 3d st. nw. othitheathae S™BICTLY CONFIDENTIAL PRIVAT! cocieta rae f caeai cigs = ——. Deglect i Preparation i. c—0 West HANISG AND PAINTING TAUGHT. aPTvE the French method by Miss HELEN A. HAKT- jassachusetts ave. fee un" z ORTHA as hin roti taPty in, snten eaey leone. Pro ficiency in three months. ‘Send for pauphiets ptudenys belped a. positior Typewritins: =e a a 9 ii § Tar sercrrz scroot oF :ANGUAGES, 723 lath st. aw. ‘Best and Most Practical Instruction. ‘Terms #10. Branches: New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Panis, Berlin, London, — weld 188 BALCH?S CIVIL SERVICE INSTITUTE AND Dusiness collese, 1:07 10th st. aw. Pupueyre. pared succesfully for civil service, tal and Pensus examinations. YORWOOD INSTITUTE, WASHINGTON, D. 0. Tenth Session will becin For fa NELNESDAY: SEPT. 20, 1501 full Information address the princt BUCTAND' SUS. WD. Office hours: 10 to 1 daily. CADEMY OF THE HOLY CROSS, 1: chusetts ave.. en.traces thorough Preparat ™. tory and ie Courses and ailords every advautae tu Lit- Music and Art. Piano, Harp, Violin, Guitar wiven. Genera Vocal, Drawing aud ae rsct and Lessons Fancy Work tree. OUT OF WASHINGTON. ST. HILDA’S SCHOOL, MORRISTOWN, Serer 8 ding ‘sc y rs for, girls: at jorowch instruction; careful cans Sorel aS GENTLEMEN'S GOODS. Faz Srocr OF FOREIGN COATINGS, VESTINGS, SUITINGS, OVERCOATINGS AND TROUS. ERINGS KECEIVED. GENTLEMEN WHO ADMIRE FIKST-CLASS TAILORING AREIN- VITED LO INSPECT. ALL GARMENTS CUT BY 4. D. BARK, 1111 PA. AVE, AKE GUAR ANIEED 4U #0 Us dae Comes BiALaE 2. BICYCLES. = — 7 Sareres For Swart Cycuisrs. Loop frame, tinned rubber-tired wheels. Loop frame. enaineled all over Boys’ Jumers, plain Boye’ and Girls’ Leal Rainor ‘over: GORMULLY & JEFFERY MFG. @0., 125 Lath wt ‘PEE Wot COLUMBIA SAFETY BICYCLE Has arrived. Te fsa beauty and puts all others to.leep. Call and seoit, GEO. 8. ATWATER&00., 1424-20 Penn. aes. OCEAN STEAMERS. DP °.G Sox, gurexstows axp EL VEPOuL FROM NEW YORE EVERY WEDNESDAY. Tone. For rates of passage and otLer information apply to PETER WRIGHT & SONS, Gen. Agen’ ‘Bow! ‘New Xork. Orto W. MOSS, S21 Pa. ave.. ashinston. Rit yaaa nd Uniuedtaten Mat Steamersdi- SEW YORE “fag a _opigeners ies ‘oF rates ‘Of otber information. to Geer as, Saree mk i EC TeCite LLOYD 8. 8. CO. ‘Typewriting. Situations when coupetent. | —— Qvenee Axp Laxe Sr. Joux Rarcwar Only rail route to the delightful smnimer resorts merth Of Queber, throws the CANADIAN ADIRONDACKS, Magnificent senery. Beautiful citmate. Monarch Parlor and Sieeping Cars. | Hotel Roberval, Lake St. John, recently enlanned, | has frst-clans accommodations for 300 questa, and te Fun in connection with the “Island House” et the Grand Dischare, the center of the “‘Ousnaniche” | tepine crounde. Daily communication by steamer scromthe lake. The fishing richts of Lake St. Jobe nd tributaries, an ares of 20,000 square miles, are free to eurate of the botels For information as to hotels apply to manager Hotel Roberval, Roberval, Lake St.John. For folders and enide books apply th G. LEVE, 45 Broadway, New York artim (Cesar AKE AND OHIO RAILWAY. ly except Sunday. ¥ tor stations in Vir- ky and Cincinnati. Ninetwt for Las. ih Nieeper to Rich- op Pullanan Care are open to receive pub p.m, AD Schedte tm effect March “4, IROL Leave Washiagton {rom station corner of New Jereey avenue and C eure For Chicaco and North i ark. + ) Pin! Liuited express, 10-00 n-tn. For Atiantic (it Sunapee ib a ior tinue o! suSuurdan tram oes thane tables, of aN tact agente, se Delt a Vixcept Sumcay s ’ seraue calved Yor and checked from huteis Sood ea acnees by Union Lrauster Co. onorhere lett er tikes 1301 Pa ave., i. GHAR SoS, ‘eit PENNSYLVANTA ROUTE. TO THE NokIH, Wi ae: DOUBLE TRACK. BPLIN . STEEL HAULS.” MAGAL ICES T in effect January Lit, is. TRAINS LEAVE WASHINGTON FROM STATIO GORMER OF UTH AND H SikEETS As FOLLOWS, Bor Fittebury and the west, Chicago Lint of Pullman Vestibule Cars at % Fast Line, 10:90a.m. daily to Chicago, rm abd St. Louis, with parlor car Harrisinine to Pitts: burs, and sleeping cars from Fitabure to. i ca Wanttacrog 10 ° ecting daily at Harrisoury with ts tor Lowrie, and Seapine Pull Gar Pittsiuirg to Hicks Exprem, 10°00 p.m du ext, with turotes Bleeper Tune 20 Chivas. : BALTINOKE AND POTOMAC RAILROAD. Kane, Canabtaigun, Rochestey ont Rea Pate ally exceyt Suuday, 80am, For tne, Cauandawus Kochester daily. for Bat- taloand Niagara daily, ¢1 7 Bi. with Siecpine Cat Washington ‘to Regehewter’. Fer Willinaper, ecbewter aud Ningaty Falla fasbinstos to hockester one | For ubainsport. enovo wad Kimi at 050 aun daly except S For Willistsport dail, 3.30 p.m, PORPHILADELPHIA, NEW YORK AND THERAST, 7:20, Wand 41 timm.. 12 IS 1d Ee Pee Rte eT pairks eyes Seo bs oR Fara. i bia ew Yorks O:40a.m dally a 4 For New York only Ssh, Norkonly: Lituited apres with Deut FOR PHILADELPHT, : Tost Pxpress 10a. tn. week days aed Emm Aang, Express, Sunday only, S90 p-a For Boston. without ‘change, 3.23. p.m. every For brovaiym, N.1-. all turvuel, traias comet a ‘wey City with) toate ‘of Imvokiyn Aumen, atiorh ine direct. trauster ‘to. Fulton ‘st “pending Soubie rerriace actom New Verk sity" For‘ Atlantic City. is For Puliimore, 0.35, 7:20, 8. $050, 100, ana 21 a ah 720and 9:00 4 Jobe daily, eaeebt sunday. Pores 20 p.m. WASHING’ IN EFFEC: Jexand “ iL RCHMOND AND DANVILLE Kar A enchedule im effect MARCH 2, inl. weave aud arrive at : d arrive at Feunsyivauie pamenrer ing Be JAS. L. TAYLOR, Gen. Pass Avent. POTOMAC RIVER BOATS. “oubany WW. © ‘Seowteeran eaves every Sanday at pts. for Balthwore abd Five? gnings "yStemer peer ate, on ay nm, foriver endings’, Tousetay's trip oe fend fc Bateivore” al! fanaa eet Biden st! whart, orcor Fe. ove and Lake, PD use : i }