Evening Star Newspaper, March 14, 1891, Page 8

MAIN STREET AND GOVER SAN JUAN DEL NORTE. A Lively Little Town i the Nica- raguan Peninsula. SOME OF ITS PECULIARITIES. Horse Cars From New York Roll Along Tt« Street—It Once Hada Harbor, But a Sand Bar Destroyed It—Its English Name Is Grey- town. Correspondence of The Evemng Star. Say Joay pew Norte ( Niearaava, AN JUAN DEL NORTE ™), WO the eastern terminus of the Nicaragua canal, is now, and always has been, chiefly a collection of two-story frame houses and smaller shac im which are gathered a population almost as varied as the nations of the ea Perhaps no seaport town gives a just idea of the other cities of the country, for such places are nearly always affected by fo influences, and this is particularly true in this instance. Nearly Balf a century ago the English settlers caused San Juan del Norte to be known as “Grey- town,” and only during the past couple of years has the original name been prominently brought forward by the government, which insisted on preserving the native name in designating the post office. Instances of like changes are not ‘uncommon. The Ceutral American republics are rightly jealous of such liberties their for- eign settlers take and at times resort to ex- freme measures in securing the acceptance of the original name. An instance of this is shown when the Americans, after building the | ama railroad, thought they could turn “Colon” into “Aspi “¢ eceededgytil iF mauve instructions to the stor. «i | mouth a great po some a1 being centered in t Juan is a free port, the custom house being me eighty miles up the river, at Castillo, pids passing by # office other steamer beyond the dangerous section. | In lew of a tariff merchants here pay 10 per | in the genera! the st Communication wit This isso partly from the fact s ago the town flourished, but wi it osed by the sand bar forming before ite of its population drifted pal stores are kept by Eng- erman and American merchants, though e of native birth, the bulk of the trade » or three honses. San place being so shallow steamers stop just before reaching them, goods passin tion by the custom re transferred by @ tramway to a on the total value of their importations. Consequently prices of imported mauufactured | articles from Germany, France and England, chief sou! on which merchants draw, are generally lower than they could be bought in the state The Masonic lodge here is the only secret | order represented y building is devoted to the uses of the lodge, which is composed of n ‘the leading men of the town and officers of the ‘anal company. affairs of the “ph seu i Cake rs give entertainments, which are the events : k by yg Durving ground back of the | Bis foot to rest upon and he held himself quite lodge room has received the remains of mai mbers of the fraternity who died in a strange land. prominently. A little one- It is quite an ele; e, and 0 nt in the jonally its mem- THE RUM MILL FLOURISHES. As might be expected the rum mill flourishes everywhere, from the handsomely fitted-up bar room to the shack with mud floor, where two or three bottles of aguadient wate! drankenness is not so common as it would be | supposed, and the little frame town jail is not overtaxed by delinquents who cannot behave a veritable tire- ©, stand on the end of a barrel. Yet selves from the too free use of liquor. town is patroled by policemen uniformed style scen in the large cities of tes and are in good numbers. the interior or Pacifie of the country is by the River San Juan, a HORSES AND RIDERS. The Kind of Animal for General Riding and for Hunting. THE ALLEGED ENGLISH STYLE How One Should Ride in the Park and How on s Hunt—Some General Directions for Written for The Evening Star. ‘OUNG MR. RIDEWELL-SNAFFLE—JUST observe that hyphen in his name, will you, please, and accept it asa guarantee of the as- sertion that he is one of the select hundred of our glorious four hundred—Mr. Rideweli- Snaffle has recently got a horse, a purchase which was prompted by the delightful spring weather that we have been having recently. Before proceeding to talk of hjs horse let us well » moment on the gentlenian’s name. Everybody remembers old Siafite, Ridewell- Snafile’s father. He was an unassuming man, who pursued his course in life modestly and rental, though as yet not many new ones have | respectably. So did his son Ridewell, but in an been pat that before work on the canal commenced there were a great number of houses of the : ri A town rotting down and teuantiess. When there | Visited his friends under this designation, and asa good harbor here previous to twenty- | he left his card around, and it proclaimed the | evil moment the latter came in for some -prop- erty. Hin name had been James B. Snaffie. He | fact to the world. As woon as he had recovered from the profound griet into which he had been plunged by the death of the uncle who left him the money he began to write his name out in full—James Ridewell Snafiie. This ouly lasted for six montha, however, for he began to discover that he deal bigger man who had preceded ad become such saw no reason why his name wise. So one day when the weather was fine he put alot of visiting cards in his pocket, took a hack and went The result ‘of his day’s industry was the town was made acquainted with Mr. James Ridewell-Snaffle for the first time, the same being an immortal phcenix that had risen from the ashes of the recently incinerated J. R. Snafit ‘WE BUYS A HUNTER. Having gained some slight knowledge of the rider you will understand that the horse he has | bought isa bunter. You will also gather some | notion of the way he rides him. When he was | youth he learned how to ride and rode a great deal and rode pretty well. He used a derately long stirrup, he used the ball of erect. That was well enough for J. R. Snafile, but it won't do for a hyphened Snaffle. No’ he thrusts his whole foot in the stirrups, use them so short that his thigh and shin bones are at right angles to one another, and curves his body to the shape of a pot hook. In selecting abunter fora saddle horse he is right and wrong, and 60 he is in the method he adopts in riding. A hunter is, narrowly speaking, an English saddle horse, especially trained for ri hind the hounds and for jumping. ‘To ji Fill is his main use. Consequently ie isa po ful nag. heavily built behind. A tine hunter is thoroughbred, but in horse lore there is a dif- ference between a thoroughbred and a hanter, the former term being used exclusively to des- ignate horses that are bred for racing, and a hunter is never a race horse and is seldom | | ters that, ax no such place as “Aspin- wall” existed in the republic, letters so ad- aréséed should be returned. S0ME SIONTS IX GREYTOWN. ‘The first and most exciting experience of | every one landing at San Juan del Norte in the | past has been the ordenl of being lightered | { forVirgin b. broad stream, luxuriant in a tropical growth, nd which winds abo dred and twenty miles between Lak 1 the Caribbean sea. the rc a distance of one hu | icaragua | cr is famous as pute of the oid Vanderbilt Transit Com- and during ‘49 and '50 was alive with little | -wheel steamers carrying passengers up to | ke, where they emburked on sailing vessels | , hear the location for the canal as really fast. Fox hunting or following the trail of the anise seed bag is not racing. It is not difficult to keep up with the hounds, so far as ‘he difficulty lies in following where they go, and in following as long as they go. If you are bunting a real fox you may run him down in short order, but you may be in the saddle for hours and'in the end may not cet him, for he may go and the doge may fol- ashore. If the sea be heavy the passenger is | Iowered to a lighter while seated in a ¢ a be will make several lunges through the air. as | the vessel rolls, before giving up thanks for a safe deliverance on the deck of the lighter and, | later, on the tug. Beggage is also lowered and | then the tng steams away for the entrance of | the harbor. The buildings of the canal com- pany lay to the right and the town to the left of the channel leading into the lagoon, whichis to road. only Nie: wri be the future eastern harbor of the canal. | ¢ landed, the first evidence of advancement | vtown iixelf is the tramway running ther end of the town to America, the proposed canal town. The cars make half hourly or hourly trips according to the time of das, and the litile mules pulling them keep up a lively trot under the lashes and yells of the Jamaican driver. The cars themsélves have history ms to their present use, the key- note of which is seen in the declaration on the brass plate of the door, viz: “Eighth Avenue. As it ix hard to believe that the avenucs of San Juan have reached that number it is not Tong before we realize that here isa relic of | ‘New York passing the latter part of a life that Now itis now planned. From that point to the Pacifi . as it is known, being until recently the from San Juan to the lake were the cause of losses to the transit company ona number of oc be scen where they drifted on the rocks thirty | years ago. For many been granted the exci gating the River San Juan an by bsg the stern-wheel boats of thiscom- of the si they went overland, the old transit road constructed with a stone bi gua. in The several rapids met in the | casions and the hulls of steamers can now | years 4 company has ive privilege of navi- Lake Nicaragua yle common on the Mississippi, ones to be seen there excepting the canoes and an oceasional bungo of the na- tives. Before the rubber was practically ex- hausted from the forests of ignorance of the manner of tapping the trees these native boats were frequently seen coming down the river to San Juan loaded with rub- ber, which was generelly shipped to England. Nica by their only and very smail work is in the transportation of fruit. Branch offices of the Bank of Nicaragua and was commenced in the metropolis. The line rurig down the main street, on which are the wernor's house aud the town. The chief bu are two-story frame stractures and the stores are weil stocked with goods of the kind generally seen ina prosperous variety store of the states. As im every hotels and stores, the Catholi: ebarch ‘the final survey of the canal arrived, in the! winter of 1887, and now he presides over the only Protestant church on Nicaraguan soil. His | ii 1 is sufficiently commodious to accomm: comfortably an audience num- bering » couple of hundred and. it is kept freshly and brightly painted, which gives the i ;, ite pastor is ener- it the Uni ta of Hoadley, Ingalls & Co. are here. Ingalls, a nephew of Senator Inguils of Kansas, ie }Fincipal stores of | has charge of both of these enterprises. idings Not an insignificant feature of Greytown | business are the native cachedoras or traveling nd Protestant | doing a good deul of smuggling ‘and pp es. The latter was established by an | posed to make considerable money in their ing Jamaican Baptist minister who way. To the interior the; inndet here at the time the first expedition for manufactured goods and Mr, Walter FEMALE DRUMMERS. American town the plaza is saleswomen. They make constant trips from the important place and around it are several | this place to the interior, are y carry imported returning bring a store of products of the country, such as vege- les, cheese, eggs, chickens, &c., which they pose of re bring a faney pric appears to care to devote attention to raising garden track and other things, for which there 1s always a fair demand. uy, for, although these things here, no one in this vicinity imate bere has 30 often been described ited States | as of two seasons—the wet and the d—d wet— to raise money to enlarge his | that is very favorably dis- | permissible. has granted €40 a well Month to pay a teacher for the school be pro- | that poses to establish. HOW THE TOWN 18 BUILT. The outlying houses of the town are of one Story and of frame or constructed, in a native the repetition of thatancient joke is hardly ‘The wet and dry seasons are not marked or regular, and it often happens the latter cannot be said to last over a | couple of months, and even then there are fre- | quent showers. stight malarial fevers being the general form whieh sickness comes. Living in a tropical ‘The climate is not unheality, | in | Tow into places that no horse on earth can pen- etrate. THE GREENWORN AND THE VETERAN. In this case you will have a day's hard riding and no fox for your pains. But the artificial seent can be laid over any course of any length, and you are reasonably sure of a satis- factory conclusion to your ride. ‘The green- orn when he bunts rides hard and jumps everything that comes in his way, and the re- sult is that, when the race at the finish comes, his horse is played out and he loses the brush. ‘The veteran never rides hard when he can help it, never jumps if itcan be avoided and saves his horse so that there is some strength left in himwhen the end 18 reached. It requires a cool head and strong hand to ride ahunt well. If you get excited or if you permit your horse to race from the beginning—as he will be sure to do if you don’t check him—youare lost. The writer has seen a bunch of youngsters start on ahunt and race upalong steep hill. It is to be hoped that the young man who reached the top of the first hill received some satisfaction at his achievement, for itis all he accomplished that os nag was winded ‘before the fun hed A FEW GENERAL RULES. These general rules should be observed in hunting: Trot up a hill, lope on a level, pick your way down hill. When youcome to a jump that must be taken, unless you afe posi the ability of your horse, ease up and let the other fellows take it first. The probability is that some one of them will knock a portion of the fence down and you can go through or over it with certainty. When it comes to the race at the finish, if you are well forward and feel that your horse is equal to it, don’t be modest, but sail in*hnd win. Sit well forward and stand in the stir. rups and up hill, jockey on a level, sit well back and give the horse his head and let im stretch it out and run down hill. You are in some danger, but to win the brush is worth arisk. When you come to that final jump, which is usually a hard one, ease up a bit, feel , encourage ‘him and put bim , but never rush him at it. Un- yw jump a horse can't get over it on je will plunge into it head first and hurt you or himself, or both. If the jump is under four feet six inches high a hunter cun take iton a moderate lope. If it is over pom Sean Se ee ot ety pre a ee being. 9 warrow- ‘the seat shor of the kries. But riding in the park and riding on » bun: though you were huntiny far as the ball, hold yourself mode rately erect, and you are riding as» whether whole foot in it, bend your Loay forward. who jumps and races foot lip out of the stirrup. He must fr quently stand up in the stirrups like on the race track, ahead of him. ‘The writer has seen @ caval officer ride a haut in a cavairy saddle, style. He escaped without injury, but tempting Providence, Ho couldn't jocke have i: a had gone the ponimel woul jured the rider for lif ad learned to ride thought his way for all purposes, whereas it ix the best way only for one purpose. You cannot, as Charles Dickens has observe | “put head and brains into a brass door knob, | and you cannot nuke an Anglo-inaniae who hi seen Englishmen riding with the hounds w derstand that they seldom ride that wa: road, and Mr. Ridewell-; | the ‘hyphen from Englax | method of riding from thet’ coun "t sense enough to have any versatility. ‘THE CITY RIDER THE BEST. probabl: ‘ the ex md more, it is 7 rt ‘merely a means for gettin Tiny bresk ‘colts sometimes and hi enough seat, but he always rides one y rider is more versatile. Riding for hima, arid he rides along the road one rides « Hunt another day, and goes on the trai in gentlemen rider races sometimes. ‘The r sult is that he learns to ride every way But a man like James Ridewell-SnaMe will never be a i i “A fool and his money are #001 roverb may be paraphra: jorse are soon'parted. ‘The latter resents the about. e has a fi | \k knocks him off. eo Written for The Evening Star. ‘To Marie. She's the pansy of the household, so beware; Don't question any rights she inay declare. With her banjo cling-a-ling, How she tips the silver string, Golden Finglets ripple round her face so fair. A dainty Iittle sovereign! have a care; In her realins 'tis love alone that doth ensare. Bright as sunlight on the glass, Are her smiles for friends who pass, Golden ringlets tipple round her fuce so fair. ‘There's a tariff on her kiss; it is rare ‘That she'll give een one—ne'er a pair; For the world is all her own, And she sways it frow her throne, Golden ringlets ripple round her fuce so fair. J. W. PoRTER. March 12, 1891. Washington, D. DON'TS FOR PUBLIC USE. Possibly There May Be One in the Lot ‘That Will Interest You. “Don’t” wait until in front of a ticket seller’ window before trying to find your drapery- hidden pocket, says the Christian Union. It tickets can be purchased in quantities on ‘outes you frequently travel, purchase them nd save other people's temper and your own time. “Don't” carry your umbrella with utter dis- regard of the people behind you or on either sid “Don't” wait until you reach the station, a few minutes before it is time for the train to start, before you find ont the time for starting, arriving at your destination and the time of connection. Other passengers wish to take the same train and must buy tickets. And “don't” argue the question of the price of your ticket with the ticket seller; the price is settled by the managers and directors of the road. If the price is unjust address a communication to them, and stay at home till the price is antic. tory, or it and kee . “Don't” ‘fous the hotel Prerk as if he werea Personal enemy because he docs not give you best room in the house. ‘There is only one best, and the other honored guest arriv an to the price for the room. “Dont” tellthe clerk bebind the counter what you think of that store and the system under which itis run. He only receives $10 per week; if he could change the system to the advantage of the firm he would not be behind call on your friends in a store, oc- cupying seats intended for the accommodation customers who are buying. If you have be- gun buying, you are wai ting the ‘clerk's time, thas a money value. Ietire to the parl provided in all lags establishments, with Your friend, or to a place that will not interfere first wie, of cane. ‘The town is built on a sandy soil that is but two or three fect above the level of the ocean. It is somewhat hemmed in by a Branch of the San Juanillo river and a lagoon Back of it The sandy soil has undoubtedly been s great element of healthfulness in the as it forms a drainage that could be had Bite other ites years ago there were sbout 500 people living here, now the number probably over twice that figure, the town be- really crowded. Houses bring a good chmate for a long period i people of northern climates, and that is demonstrated here as well as elsewhere. ‘The other terminus of the canal, Brito, on the Pacific, is at present only the name of a | hurdle, location, n¢ Comparative pictures of these termini of the canal now and when they shall become familiar to the commerce of the world would form an interesting collection. That they must become importaut places there is no ves enervating to a cattle estate. abt. G.EK At Forty-Five. Halts” cry the bagies, down the column's te ‘and nothing lott to hait and Test auu I, Yor summers heat bath somewhat taxed my | sirengt| And long the dusty ways before me lie. ‘The dew that giittered when the echoing horn Called revelue to gréet the walking day; ‘The cvol, sweet shadows of the cheery morn, ‘The birds that trilled the Dugies’ roundelay; ‘The scented violets, with eyes af blue, That breathed sweet incense when he trod them down: ‘The wildwood buds and viooms of brightest hue, Fair prophecy of Honors radiant crown; ‘Ang aii that made the earlier marehing light Hare passed like uucense of the rosy hours, Aud maby 4 beaten fleld of tlercest tight Lies between goonday and auroral flowers, ‘For all ite promise, morning br. So soon {ts sotige and pleasant #i ur ambushed foes lurked in each woodland fair; On every smiling pialn we saw them massed. Our war's heraldic page, are NE us care, standards gay. bright ‘Oar uniforms with gold an sliver drew ‘Tent and torn in battle’s furious rage, a and marred with dust each glitter crest. ‘Tie ght young hearts that made a jest of ite, | ie at death, when we broke camp’ at | or besnes Or Joltering here awhile at “rest at ease,” Tnote the shadows fa to the cast; ' Behind me, plume-crowned, looms the ‘hill, whose ‘Promised us glory, wealth, and love and peace: Beckourd hea morning ti brigat ‘To certainty of victory aud teat - panel COR, twill *ihha Thave passed the green hile Wario’ crest. am 1; “harRcne ay Sepa oe neg Yin more prompt to tnarch, gul obey; ‘apt Co question oF to hesitate. ‘Yet, when some beited trooper gal! Tht warned ‘the «w: hoofs’ tramp, Tall nian th te Ingantryasau's ery comrade, tell how bt eS Romeet J. BRDerE, i math; | Prom Life Brains Will Tell. | that it is too high for anything but an excep- tional hunter. Some horses in taking a high jump do it better when they are permitsed to trot up to it. They then stop just before the *, el the gait, give 9 rear into the air and carry their hind feet over like a cat, ‘The writer is under the Impression that Mr. How- land’s great leaper, Ontario, jumps in this way, but this is jumping in the ring and is not ap- plicable to jumping in the field. ‘THE BEST HORSES YOR ORDINARY USE. Now, if our friend, Mr. Ridewell-Snaffle, be- longs tothe hunt club and really intends to ride with the hounds he has done well to buy a hunter, but af, as is more probable, he it to hunt about twice in a year and to ride about the country sxery aay, he has made « mistake. best saddle the endurance and pluckand speed that most “desirable qualities for ordinary-riding urposes. He can jump, too, if he is propérly frained, and being’ lighter of build’ fay the hunter he can climb better and run faster and longer. Often he outpoints the hunter in the field af he carries an ordinary weight, and when it comes to gentleman rider races he in the one that wins the prize inst all horses but thoroughbreds, As for latter, they aro food saddle horses too, but they are delicate. is so sensitive that they are apt to get sick, and they always require the utmost care. Nevertheless, a jump is the finest horse of all VIRGIXIA AND MARYLAND with other customers. This is a busy world. “Don't” occupy the end seat of a pew and compel other people to pass you. Even a wed does not justify th di “Don’t” wear the largest hat worn among your circle, if large bats are worn, nor the smallest; the eet rge sleeves are worn, nor the it, if tight sleeves are worn. There is no use in protesting against the long ‘irt on ; the woman who wears thut hopeless. A wise woman or a tactful woman is never remarkable for her clothes. She ap- plies the wisdom of Hagar,and displays neither poverty nor riches, but has sufficient for the station in which she is placed, maintaining an honest position to her husband, home and “Don't” entertain on such ¢ lavish scale that the guests watch the daily papers, fearing a re- port of financial failure that will prevent your iving another entertainment. fear that you givea false impression of your ion. “It iw the uncertain throne occupied the usurper that needs constant bolstering. The true king feels secure in his rights. “Don’t” make the out for the last two years by » firm at Mann- heim, the process having been discovered three Fa handy ba Schlinek. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE PARK AND A HUNT. are two entirely different things, and the good English or American riders ride accordingly. It is not English to take an afternoon ride as ‘Let your stirrups be comfortably long, put in your’ feet only so | k rider should, | P7005 he comes from London or Washington. | found in a1 If you are hunting use a short stirrup, put the reporter is informed. le rot afford to have his Jeckey and he must have all bis at- tention concentrated to sce what obstacles are valry y. lis | Peversed and there is evidence to offer that horse had a dead weight to jamp with and if he | Vertebrate creatures existed in this very neigh- Tin | have lived on the other side of the world. he | n the nail, having copied |, lias copied one also and At the risk of having many good riders dis- sent to the proposition, the assertion will be ventured that the city rider is generally « better one than the eduntryman. The. latter rides true, but his riding is for the most fe ‘The eet ‘a fool and his close contact of the former and sooner or later DUG FROM DEEP DOWN ‘These Creatures Lived im the Coal. Formation | ling, Age—Mankind Descended From Sea Worms rm Genealogy of the Hace Accord- ing te Sclonce—The Future of Humanity. T OUGHT TO BE OF interest to every person. in the United States to learn that within the last few days the Smith- sonian Institution has discovered near Tren- ton, N.J., remains of animals with backbones, more ancient by hun- | dreds of thousands of years than have ever been other part of the world, asa Sran Up to the present time the paleontologists of Grea: Britain have been crowing over those of America on the strength of the euperior an tiquity of their vertebrates. Experts in the scienceof the distant past on this side of the water have reluctantly yielded the palm in this respect to Europe. But now the situation ix borhood ages before they have been proved to THEIR GREAT axtrqurry. Some notion of the antiquity of these remains may be had from the fact that the back-bones, ribs and other animal relics of which they are composed once formed portions of the ‘auatpmy of creatures that lived and swam in the earlier part of the epoch when the coal was deposited | in the beds where it now ix found and mined. ‘These fragments went to mike up shurks that navigated the seas of millions of years ago, or sheathed the bodies of strange fishes that were n armor plate, as turtles are . Now they are dug out from a stratum that lies be- | neath thirty-five miles of sedimentary stuff de- posited by water. Voleanie action has turned a section of the earth's crust over upon its side near Trenton; so that what was in_ time past at a great depth is now exposed on the » face to the hammer of the geologist. It is artly through studying such accidental forma- tions that mankind has learned its own an- cestry. | j ‘THE ANCESTORS OF MANKIND. What lends particular interest to these verte- | fact that they are the ancestors of mankind. It is from thom that.we are all descended, science says, though, of course, they were not earliest’ progenitors. Going back of aud beyond them we tind our more remote grandpar- ents in marine worms, ‘This seeme unpleasant, but it is a demonstrated fact. Originaliy, animate creation divided itself into twa branches—the animal aud the vege- table. Tho plants developed away from mental organization, assuming the condition of sta- tionary purasites upon the earth. On the other hand the animals cultivated powers of locomo- tion, so.that they were able by moving about to control their own environment. The vego- tables performed the labor of gathering from the miuerai kingdom food for the animals, #0 that the latter were enabled to devote all their energies to the cultivation of their powers and the improvement of their species. In this way it has come about that animuls have steadily ad- i things, until man has been produced. EVERYTHING FROM WORMS. From the worms of the seas came the origi- nal vertebrates, which resembied worms in ap- Pearance, but had backbones. Out of these creatures came the lampreys, and from them the sharks and other fishes. "Fishes, yon see, swam in the ocean for ages before ‘any land animals existed. From them were develope the great salamanders of the later coal-forming period, which were the forefathers of the Gigantic reptiles that ran creation during the mesozoic epoch, after the mighty upheaval that lifted the Allegheny mountains out of the water. ‘That was the age of reptiles. Some of them walked on the land, while others swam in the sea, and others still tlew in the air. 1 were land species of which individuals were seventy feet in length, and they and others of herbivorous habits were preyed upon by car- nivorous reptiles nearly as big—formidable lizard-like beasts with huge teeth and tre- mendous jumping powers. ‘The first mammals that existed in the world were derived by descent from these giant rep- les, some of which, closely connected by fam- ily relationship with the line that juced man, bad enormous fins on their backs, or tall spines like m.sts, bearing yard arms like those of a man-of-war, though for what purpose is unknown. ‘These earliest mammals were nearly related to the Australian hedgo hog and to that extraordinary beast, the duck-billed platypus, wi though a mainmal, resembles otk rep- tile and bird and actually lays eggs. From them came the marsupials of the opossum type, which produced in the course of time the cre. odonts—eatera of flesh and insects—tnat were in form, somewhere Pla jams and logs. y have ough some rather remote relatives of theirs are found at this day in Africa and Mi , adorned with long scientific names. creodonts evolved the raccoon-like lemurs, one genus of which had teeth like those of great apes and men. THE ANCESTOR OF THE APE. In fact, one species of this lemur genus, though no larger than a squirrel, had’a brain bigger relatively to its size than that of any other animal. It, as science has demonstrated beyond the possibility of a doubt, was the an- cestor of the anthropoid apes, which were in fare tie anconors of wan.” ‘The most mau- like of anthropoid apes now surviving is the chimpanzee, but the actual progenitor of humankind was another species, at present tinct, which has not as yet been ‘identified certainty. Here there is a gap in tho human genealogy, qrhich science is partly able to close. by going buckward from other end. Though the typical man-like ape is wanting the remains of ape-like men—a whole race of them—have been found at Cannstadt, near Stuttgardt, at No- anderthal, near Wiesbaden, and at Liege, in igium. ' These people had skulls of inferior development, mussive ins, no chins worth mentioning ‘and probably walked with their legs bent, ‘THE LONG-soUGHT aI8sINo LING. ‘The long-sought missing link was between this ape-like man and the anthropoid ape. He will be found some day; science is entirely con- fident of that. The only reason why he has not been discovered already is that he is too modern. Such of his remains as have been Preserved are at prosent ‘under water. Some by the recession uf the water te beds cone taining them will be uncovered and they will be dug out. That is the way all aninal re- arial on land inevitably dleape on land ine} 4 saan ort being swept into brates of the early coul-forming epoch is the | vanced since the time of the beginning of | states crete peopl fever. the c pols | them resem! tree ai | which would Hest th it of is row; j flesh | appea | to asi | grows cover that hi pecies ‘ot, a and a rooms thing The celebri which light. Anotb serves liquor. razor when stance Am gation spores fungus single | These myriad germs, whe: able like rs fleshy room shows Tt is truth to the comes is no ties anti crumb! | whieh a wal grave by the lakes or curried away by the rivers areaptto be covered over with the mud of the Becfocmers fe teouhie. Thate bar parlor of @ tavern, and, after freshmenta, ask whether to see a pre! The study of funguses is comparativel Asa branch of research it is of somewhat scope, 5.000 species being already recognized and classified. For eats there are hundreds scopic varieties m that spawns upon dried preserves, an | makes bread moul: | pickles and a seventh tha | putrify. and horns of horses and cattle, grow amid heaps of moist marble dust in the sculptor's studio, pick good timber to pieces, destr« | Worms and even sprout from the surgical disease in the hospitals. Not a few of | is legion and their provi they are infini chance to touch the safest rule to follor the table fs to nibble the «tem ed. If the taste is not pleasant thro: which purpoee it is emeared upon the wall bedposts, and another is valued by the Kam- chatkans for manufacturing an intoxicating sold, For this purpose it mui the ash tree upon which it grows in theautumn, flattened out for twenty-four hours ina after which it should be carefully rubbed. pumice, sliced longitudinally, and class mystery. It isn the scientific it is very wel require several weeks for its formation, it remai pressed and held in small ‘com: days be! small compass under the top layer of soil a per- fect mushroom. It is not very difficult to raise mushrooms by hand if one will take a little pains intelli- gently. They are grown in enormous quanti- put into hr ind's | loam, patted. ently wi whic! e ir bones hanism of the universe. pics > ear 2 FUNNY WAYS OF FUNGI. T ITS DISCOVERER DECLARED TO be a new kind of mineral was received by the Department of Agriculture the other day all the way from California. Prof. Galloway examined it and told a Sram reporter that it was merely a fungus of a very peculiar kind, which grows in California and several other ae far east as Michigan, being developed upon the trunks of pine trees. The specimen mentioned weighed about three pounds and ‘was very soli of resin. ‘This material, for the purpose of its own support, the parasite causes the tree to se- being composed almost entirely unuewal quantities, Wherever the fungus flourishes it is believed by the country | le to be an excellent substitute for quini ‘and is used by them asa remedy for chills and FIVE THOUSAND SPRCIPS OF FUNGUS. mushroom that one expense of manki Among the micro- be briefly mentio: .& third that devours the fourth that rots the fruits, a fifth that beer, a sixth that gives a bad taste it causes catyup to Still other families attack the hoofs silk products of actually transform are prey upon each other insects into vegetables. ere; their name nee ubiquit ly varied. One sort exact bles a human ear, which is attached te nd trembles when you touch it; nuothe projects from the bark of the chestnn eve is so like a tongue in shape and ¢ ance that in the d ys of enchanted tr not cnt it off to ent iton w he knight should afterward come to cla . ‘The of thin intter cnrivsity igh, just like that of a real tongu ioftly clastic and the cole: brigitt red, its rance being not that of s healthy organ of spéech, but of one unpleasantly diseased. GREAT VARIETY OF ODOR. Funguses aré characterizéd by the most prising varieties of odors. Som by natyre with such horrible smells as nothing else besides can approach. The mfective stench of one known as the ” provided lathrus’ uperstition in parts of Fi it given rie i nce where it is capable of producing cancer, so that the inhabitants of the Landes district és it the “ ancer,” and when they find a specime it carefuily over lest some one should and become afflicted in consequence. Another # smells strong of onion, « third of apri- orrible fourth of tallow, a fifth of putrid meat | sixth of stale poultice. Wholesome mush- usually have an Ww in gather each one w the way. ‘A PHOSPHORESCENT FUNGUS. coal mines near Dresden have long been | ated for the preduction of funguse: emit a light resembling pale moon- It is phosphorescen: in its nature. other is employed for making iu utilized for stupefying bees, for : anoth the Laplanders to destroy bedbugs, for sand The “polyporus squamosus” makes a | strap far superior to those common!y be cut from ite juices have been dried and its sub- become solidified. It ig then to be ress, with ery slit by insects glued upon that i8 free from damage @ wooden stretcher. In quite ancient times this fungus was so employed, and it seems strange thet it has gone so entirely out of fashion. 4 ushroom’s method of growth and propa- is popular] to be a first- ich, however. from oint of view. On the contrary understood how the seeds or are developed on the under side of the considered is, microscopic and of vast numbers, a agaric often having x n they ‘ound, send forth numerous fine cotton- reads, which bring nourishment to tho ore. Fattening upon the food it gets from e earth in this way the embryo swells into a kernel, like a knot amid the network of filaments about i:. From thiskernel the mush- in all ite parte is developed before it above the ground. 4 MUSHROOM's GRowTR. commonly believed that the mushroom literally grows in a night, so that it has come to be emblematic of sudden development, but the is quite otherwise. It is very likely to up time of its ap; ice in the light of day Ieonenth the ancinbe, very tench oot pass. Then a moist night and the cells of which the fungus is composed are greatly expanded so that it thrasta iteelt out abare gro a und. But it bigger. than heavier, though so mi when it lay hidden in fore, perhaps. France in caves, iargely for export, iargel being picked while yet they are only buttons and at their most delicioas. stage. it fresh _horse-< ry of ings as free ible, and lay them in While turned ‘spawn, may be inches deep. "Two or three with an inch o plan was to enter taking re- like little bird.” In the last instance ly”? was a little girl er species furnishes a useful color for | dyeing; another inj stanching blood and for making tinge! a8 fog 10,000,000. | the upon suit- an the | from MEN FROM KANSAS. New Legislators and New Ideas From the Grasshopper State. WILL THEY UPSET THINGS? ‘Talks With Senator Peffer, John Davis, Jerry Simpeon and Others—They Say the Bank Monopoly Must Go—How Farmers Will Get Money. Written for The Evening Star. ANSAS IS THE HoR- net in the national bonnet. Not content with furnishing the row which generated Douglas and Lincoln, not content with fur nishing John Brown | and his arsenal full of pikes, not content with furnishing Ingalls and his phosphorescent rhetorie and fiery tongue, it has now f RONEST JOuN is side will be “Honest Joba is a wellduilt man of sixty. ngray salted. He hasa strong American face, voice and manner, and he is a boldand cogent talker. His meth. his { th i r ohn | the Fifty. | nished Peffer and John | {he Fiftyincoondl Cong | Davis and Jerry Simpson and their farmer | his life, ani his bem teiamer te | allies and their revolutionary theories. Kansas | his tongue ready. Davie u phonographers in the | studied Pitman’s system an 184 ten useful as will certainly be our salvation yet, or else the | other thing I called on Judge Peffer yesterday. He handsome. A little over six fect tall: some nk and ungracefal; 2 keen, kindly gray 4 munking | itor of the Jefferson City ” he said, “that banks #hould not to issue not These should be two of them, in fne ich | printed and put ont by @ erument. The brown thatel beard | tariff should E re is a deficit im that hengs down ottom of his Kreenbacks howd be : all clvimante as if it belonged to y hed in gray business suit yay lapel a pair of gold | pear *rereivn =the oaly visible sign af opeleese | pot, aie se jceivable for allt vd import du 1 in his manner, but not at first. | legal tender. This would keep it perpetually at par this Senator Peffer?” I inquired after 1) Py oun, thing: Our K had been sammoned up to his room and was | thousands of thew, have tn 6 the above inventory as he rose | can never get debt without spectal re Hief. 1 wou Cn low stopping the big i | terest they have agreed to p debt ot ty terest nans farmers, tens of 1 aufort 4 and as y spitefully clasped the in front with both hands he added in bleak tones: at in it?” |," would like to talk to you abant the situa- | [Y the properts tion,” I answered, trying to smile. | bank tor Ghowative | he asked with | you. | on the Ur and gets it im mor ul » add the int treasurer io mortgage get acheck on the ne bt. That would swt! omnity end tile ty d States treastcer for the mones inen bile. That satentie The United States treasurer epts the tgage on the farm (providing it is worth amount of the mortgage) and sends word L percent interest is due. Is tis the first news I have had That ought to suit I replied as calmly as | am paid for my letters.” 1 commercial between you and i. ® much my newspaper to pay him md fora moment and then plored beard with mer. 5 T wean selves taxed the first year to pay a thousend million dollars for farmis that they have vo im- rest in and don't waut.” I think,” suid Representative Dav: could show you that no such thing and that the I per cent tax would be generally | paid. But we have not time now. | _ Messrs. Baker and Otis, two of the Kansas | Farmers Aluance men who are not orators, are | here, looking over the field. They are all poor, - | being either farmers or edit aud they live Peffer was cordial; freely and with | in cheap quarters and do notattcmy the continuity of culture. He offered me a seat | wociuliy or puton style, ‘There and took one himself. | hammer ¢ in the crowd. And His entire family is in Kansas, but later in | gre asking with bated breath, the season he will bring Mra. Petter hither and | Yance guard of the Visigo one son. He has five grown sons aimi th: danghters, and they are all supporting selves working at their trales. believe all children should be given said, “60 a8 to be seif-suppor x youngest daughter coulden neue at typesetting to rupport herself and her er. My childreu could all: face the world mee to work. I shall try to get them all to come to see Washington while I am here.” Peffer had little scl vously finging My whole weight ‘What on earth put such an idea into vour heady’ Well, there have been half a dozen fell here offering to write me yp for exclaimed; *"the ry to think 1 want When he was to splurge « cle ir bankers Is this the ad- A. Crorror. ma = ee THE ARIZONA KICKE Only the Hustler Can Succeed in the West, Prom the Detroit Pree Press We extract the following from the last issue | of The Arizona Kicker: Ly Towx.—We received a call yesterday from Maj. Jim Porter of Deep Cut, who owns the biggest mule ranch in all Arizona, and who will probably be our next governor. The history of the major is that of other hustling, ener- getic men. Failing us « lawyer in Chicago, be came west, killed a man at Cheyenne, bought an old mining claim in Nevada, shot another man in Idsho, ran for sheriff in Colorado, killed a man at Tombstone and finaliy settled down on a ranch at Deep Cut to enjoy the fruit of his Inbors and take things easy. Hos ense is one which the youths of our country would Go well to emalate. ling, put he served ree Years in the war,@ising from private to chant, Being versatile and of general | Utility he was detailed for various service —as adjutant, as commissary, as quartermaster, and finully us judge advocate Here he won the title of “Judge,” | always stuck to him. 1 asked. Senator Peffer what he and the new bers from Kansas were up t Various things,” he said; “I am going to | New England this’ summer to study the condi tions of success in the woolen factories there to see if the industry cannot be planted in Kansas. We raise wool enough: why should | we not raise blankets aud , You are reported to have poses,” T suggested. A New Exrenraise.—The Kicker is prond to | anuounce in its present issue that Col. Gilders, | the indefatiguble aud eminent present of the We shall meet in Cincjgna Great Western Faro Exchange, will begin the about organizing for tHe next presidential | erection of a handsome block of stores shout campaign. After conference with the Knights April 1, 1891. Thus news is exclusive with the of Labor and with other farmers’ organizations, | Avcker,’as all important local news is. we shall probably have a candidate 4p the field | Col. Gilders came to this town #o poor that for the presidency. Who? We dofot know. | he had to borrowa sand bank to sleep on. The movement ix growing rapidly. Wein Kan-| His qualities were first brought to public at- say have shown whatcan be done. Our party | tention when he broke the postmuster's jaw | Was only a year old, but we drew 45,000 from | He next killed a cowboy over on Beott's ran, | the republicans, 35,000 irom the democrats aud | followed it up by planting McCoy, the half. 38,000 from the union-iabor party and swept | breed, in good shape and in year had won « tate.” [high place in the esteem of his fellow-towns- ‘As to your political platform?” men. Nothing succeeds like success and noth- “There are four subjects which we think in- | ing brings success so rapidly as bustling. clude the whole of the politics—finance, trany- —- | portation, labor and land. As to what results| | Tuex Gor Lerr.—Last week we had a few | should be sought, we agree: as to the methods | words of fatherly advice for the crowd down of arriving at them, we are somewhat at vari- | the river. That they area bad gang uo one outside their rauks disputes. They are giways ance so far. “As to finance, we are agreed the na-| blowing, quarreling and shooting, and our tional banks mnst go and that Ape must | sheriff says the gang docs not hesitate to take | ina sheep or a steer now and then without in- get their money in a cheaper way and get it di- rect from the government. banks have | quiring whe is the owner. We advised them to jfor a whole generation now obtained their | wash up, shave up and git up and be white, money from government at one per cent | and had something to say about « visit from a and loaned it at five, or six, or seven, or eight | vigilance committee in case they did not mend per cent. We believe that the farmers can dis- | their waya. pense with these expensive go-betweens and| Tuesday night we got word thet the gang getthojr money direct from government for oue | were coming over $o get revenge. In come er cent. The details of the method are yet to | pany with a few friends we took up « strategic devised. | position outside the office aud waited. About “As to transportation, we believe that the | midnight ninewon of the river crowd —— government is going to assume charge of the | forced the front door of the office with a |railronds and run them or superintend their runnit | and dashed in to secure our scalp. It wasn't there. Ut was cnteide. fe e di achap mamed Pete Riocedo,s half-bi ron the remainder were allowed to ride off in'e panic, Wedidn't really mean to | kill Pete, but ‘the elevation of our shotgun was | too high, and he fell over withoutakick. The coroner's inquest, coftin, um , dee, Cost | us $43.25, bus it wasn't such a bad investinent. He makes No. 10 in our private greveyara and the gang has been taught « great moral lesson. Pay no attention whatever to the ra of our contemporary Cu 08 OF ao dead mule and half an secre of sand iot to stert 8 P. ¢: of his own, but was detected and | had to publicly apologize. Ove New Max.—The confiscating them?” Wish to re - — ‘operty, an not in either Foe” ‘steal it. The people party ts for preserving rights, not for destro ing them. “As to land, we are interested in two direc- tions—toward the land owned by private par- ties and toward land yet owned by the goveru- ment. Concerning ‘the latte com, ing priva that vast tracts should not be kept idle, for every man who comes into the world has a right to a home an¢ to landenongh toworkon. Great estates wili probably have S eis “Aa to labor, we believe that every industri- t than te land we hold and | ‘Senator: costs hart ame othr auton ; t-hour We aS Ne | . That work if alr way Meme ramen cee ao eke ante ? vor reducing tariff on the necessi- 5,5 we cball =e =e. ep ed Sen Se we do ‘not wish to Ln ” men 6 ball