Evening Star Newspaper, November 22, 1890, Page 14

F itil f THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1890—SIXTEEN PAGES. MOUNTS ~ T. ELIAS. EXPLORING ALASKA. Work of the Expedition of the Geo- graphic Society. ABOUT MOUNT ST. ELIAS. ‘Traveling Over Glaciers—Unsuccessful Attempts to Ascend the Peak—Living Above the Line of Vegetation—The Valuable Information Obtained. poke eS XPLORATIONS carried on last summer im Alaska for the National Geographic Society, of which Hon. Gardiner G. Hub- bard is president, form a very interest- ing chapter in the year's record of sci- entific and exploration. The work that the ex- pedition had planned for itself was to make a topographical map of the rezion between the Yakutat bay and Mount St. Elias, some sixty miles northwest, and especially to study the glaciers and geology of the region. A STAR reporter called on Mr. L C. Russell, who was | chief of the expedition, the other day to ascer- tain some of the particulars of the trip. “The explorations carricd on last summer,” said Mr. Russell, “formed a continuation of the work that I have had in hand for many years. | During this last expedition I was assisted by | Mr. Mark B. Kerr, also a member of the United States geological survey, and by Mr. E. F. Hosmer of this city. Seven camp hands were hired at Seattle, Wash., of whom J. H. Christie was foreman. On account of uncertain health Mr. Hosmer turned back from the first camp, and the expedition during the remainder of | the season consisted of nine men, all told. THE START FOR ALASKA. “Preparations for the expedition were com- pleted at Seattle about the middle of June, and | ‘@ start was made for Alaska on the 17th. The Yoyage as far as Sitka was made on an ordi- Bary excursion steamer plying between Puget sound and southern Alaska, On reaching | Sitks the party was transferred at once to the | | | ON THE MARCH. U.S.S. Pinta, Lieut. Com. 0. W. Farenholt, United States navy, in command, who had pre- | ice was chosen as a base camp, from which ex- | Peditions were made to the higher mountains, FOLLOWING THE GREAT GLACIER, “From Blossom Island the expedition fol- | lowed up a great glacier. which descends from the western slope of Mount Cook, and found » pars near its bead leading westward. On ac- | Count of the spires and rugged ciiffs along this | pass it was named ‘Pinnacle pass.’ Its eleva- tion is about 4,000 feet above the sea, and from | its summit the glaciers flow both east and west, | Descending the western slope, another great glacier reaching far inland to the north of Mount Cook was reached. This was the larg- est river of ice discovered and was named in honor ox Wm. H. Seward, to whom we are A TUNNEL IN THE GLACIER. indebted for the purchase of Alaska, Beyond the Seward glacier another opening, named ‘Dome pass, was reached, having also an elevation of about 4,000 feet and leading westward. Crossing this pass and descending along another snow slope, still another south- | ward floating river of ice was met, which derives its snows from the northeast slope of Mt. St. Elias. TRYING TO REACH THE SUMMIT. “The route of the explorers Jed up this glacier to the northern base of the immediate summit of Mt. St. Elias. The highest camp was reached on August 21, the twentieth day of toil and hardship after leaving Blossom Island. The weather had been clear and beauti- ful for ten days, and there was every prospect of a good day's climb on the morrow. Rising at 3 o'clock on the morning of August 22, what was believed to be a final ascent was begun, but after a few hours a heavy snow storm broke over the mountains and further progress was impossible, A forced march was made through the snow toa lower camp and, after the storm abated. a second attempt was made to reach the peak, but another snow storm more severe than the first was again en- countered. During this storm the part separated and I remained alone at the higher camp for six days, while Mr. Kerr was similarly isolated at the first camp, lower down, The snow, then over six feet deep, refused to melt sufticiently, even during days of bright sun- shine, or to freeze at night and forma crust and it was found impossible to do more work among the high peaks. The attempt to reach tho summit of Mount St. Elias was abandoned and the expedition returned to Blossom Island. after living thirty-five days above the snow line, during which many nights were passed on the open glacier. The expedition returned to Yakutat bay about the 20th of September and was met by Capt. C. L. Hooper, in command of Viously received instructions from the Secre- tary of the Navy to take the expediti -1to Yaku- | tat bay. The governor of Alaska, taking ad- | vantage of the sailing of — the| Pinta, went also to visit mative con- stituents at Yakutat. The voyage was! over stormy seas and throughout the passage the far-famed Fairweather mountains were hid- | den from view. The weather continuing stormy | stter anchoring at Yakutat Capt. Farenhoit | considered it inexpedicnt to take his vessel | up the bay. where many dangers were supposed | to exist. “Yakutat bay extends thirty miles m- Jand, and to reach the actual base‘of operations near its head a canoe journey had to be made, with the assistance of Indians, through rain and fog. Not until after reaching tho west shore of the bay, thirty miles inland, did the storm clear away sufii- ciently to reveal the nature of the land to be explored. When the veil of mist lifted, however, a grand panorama of moun- tains, glaciers, islands and floating fields of ice revealed itself to the eager eves of the ex- plorers. The party found itself at the base of rugged mountain range trending southeast and northwest, separated from the sea by a low, densely wooded plateau some thirty miles broad. Yakutat bay divides the table land and ents through the first range of mountains, reaching the actual base of the great snow- covered peaks beyond. Ea CPPS vy ~ et THE HUBBARD GLACIER, “One of the most interesting excursions made from the camp on the shore was # canoe trip to an island near the head of Yakutat bay, which rises more than a thousand feet above the water and furnishes an unobstructed view of the encircling mountains. At the imme: ate head of the bay one of the grandest glaciers of Alaska, named in honor of Hon. Gardiner G. Hubbard, president of the National Geo-| &raphie Society, comes down to the water and | ends in a magnificent line of ice cliffs several miles in length and hundreds of feet high. A towering snow-covered mountain peak a few | miles inland, from which this glacier derives | its snow and ice, was likewise named in his honor. TOWARD MT. ST. ELIAS. “As soon as the scientific work of the expedi- tion was well under way the line of march was | taken up toward Mt. St. Elias, with a view of occupying that peak for topographic purposes, ‘The journey inland was found to be ex’ difficult on account of the dense vege that covered all the lower slopes and the rugged character of the glaciers that had to be crossed. During nine-tenths of the journey inland the ‘way was over crevassed ice, or on glaciers deeply buried by dirt and stones, The “plateau at the southern base of the mountains is occupied by one vast glacier hundreds of square miles in extent, fed by ice streams from the mountains, of such volume that it has actually displaced the @cean. This glacier, said Mr. Russell, iv of a IN YARUTAT BAY. type ‘Piedmont glaciers,’ and is a living illus- ‘tration of the character of the continental ice sheet that formerly covered all of the New England states and a large portion of Canada. th» revenue steamer Corwin, and he brought tho party back to civilization. THE RESULTS OF THE EXPEDITION include glacial and geologic studies of great in- terest and a topographic map of a hitherto un- known region, more than a thousand square A POOL IN THE ICE. miles in extent. The elevations of all the | mountains of the region explored were deter- mined by Mr. Kerr and found to be less than had formerly been supposed. The truc height of Mount St. Elias, instead of being 19,500 feet and the most elevated point in North America, as was formerly considered, has been found to be about 15,000 feet. The next peak in im- rtance is Mount Augusta. over 13.000 feet igh. Following this are Mount Cock, Mount Vancouver, Mount Logan and a host of others of equal grandeur. Aithough the mountains are not the highest on the continent, they probably afford the most magnificent scenery, on account of their ruggedness and the ex- tremely low elevation of the summer snows.” ‘MT. BT. ELIAS. The illustration at the beginning of the article shows the highest peak of all, Mt. St. Elias, as seen from Dome pass looking north- west. The elevation of the point of view is about 4.000 feet. The recent expedition on approuching the mountain descended the long now slope inthe foreground to beyond the end of the cliffson the right, where a great glacier flows southward. Thence the route led up this glacier to an important tributary which joins it from the northwest and drains the snow from the uortheastern slope of the great pyra- mid forming the summit of St, Elias. To the right of St. E) Mt. Newton, one of the many prominent peaks on the crest of the main range. The kent point reached by the expedition was just below the divide joining St. Elias and Newton aud at an eleva- tion of 9,000 feet. St. Elias is not an ancient volcano, as its form might suggest and has been reported by sea captains, who state that they have seen it in eruption, but is formed of sedimentary rocks. The great pyramid shown in the view here pre- sented is really the end of a roof-like ridge in which the rocks dip wortheust, Its form is typical of a large number of lesser mountains in the same region. This brief sketch will serve to indicate the valuable results that bave been achieved by the first Re pen sent into the field by the National Geographic Society. THE CHIEF OF THE EXPEDITION. Mr. Russell has been connected with the geological survey since 1880, During a large portion of this time he has been engaged in exploring the wildest and most desolate por- tions of Utah, Nevada, Oregon und adjacent regiong of the far west. For three years his geologic studies took him to Lake Mono, Cal, aud the neighboring High Sierra, where living glaciers of great interest were discovered and mountain peaks climbed, Several of his explorations in the west were carried on in the wildest por- tions of the country before the advent of rail- ways, and were rich in frontier experience and adventure. For months of several successive years his ouly companions were two faithful frontiersmen, who accompanied him as packer and cook. ‘Iwo years ago Mr. Russell accompanied the United States coast survey expeditior sent out to determine the eastern boundary of Alaska. On this trip a voyage was made to the mouth of the Yukon and up that river, in a small steamer, for 1,500 miles. After leaving the steamer a month was spent in poling up the river in an open boat in company with miners, and in crossing the Chilkoot pass, at its head. Not only is the great Piedmont glacier of in- terest to geologists, but, so far as known, it is the largest glacier of the world with the excep- —— the ice fields - Greenland and of the south polar regions. Nothing approaching it in grandeur or in scientific 1 Pacer has yet been studied. way to Mt. St. El led the borders of this mer de xlace, where atary streams enter it. For a time camp- places were found on the extremities of mountain spurs, where most luxuriant vegeta- found. The lower slopes are covere.! with dense spruce forests and support splendid gardens of flowers. “One verdant rock mass, rising through a many miles in extent was named ! on account of the beauty and luxuriance of flowers that grow everywhere upon it. This charming oasis in the desert of An account of the journey was given before the Geographic Society about a» Jear ago and elicited great interest, especially from those who know the wild life of the explorer only as fireside travelers, Previous to Mr. Russell's connection with the ologica: survey, as BOW organized, he was assistant geol on the Wheeler survey, and began his frontier life in New Mexico. Before joining the government service as geologist be ‘was connected as J aeig.cie mo with the United States transit of Venus expedition in 1874, and in that capacity made a voyage around the world. At the of the transit he was sta- tioned far inland in South Island, New Zealand. native of Otsego erp New York, anda luate of the New York University. After hi uation he studied for two years the Columbia School of Mines, where he was also assistant professor for two years subse- quent to his journey around the world. Be- sides his many explorations in the far west he spent a year knocking about Europe, during which a walking trip was made through Switz- erland, where his studies ot living glaciers be- n. This first mecting of the year of the National Geographic Society will be held under most favorable auspices. Owing to the widespread interest excited by the recent expedition, the board of managers have determined to hold a — meeting in Lincoln Music Hall rather than @ private meeting, open to members only, in the cozy hall of the Cosmos Club, the usual meeting place. Any profits from the sale of seats, after paying expenses, will go toward the exploration fund of the society. At this meet- ing Mr. Russell will give a detailed account of the meeting, with interesting illustrations, ———__ ABOUT WHITEWASHING, Something Necessary in Fall as in Spring for Many Purposes. PRINGTIME is conceded to be the great out-of-door whitewashing season, but there are conditions when the same ‘is as essential in the fall and winter as in spring and summer, Dark and damp cellars are made ‘ighter and healthier during the winter months by a good coat of whitewash, and where city houses are constructed with narrow areas between the rear buildings coat of whitewash not only con- tributes to the light of the rooms opening thereupon, but adds a great deal to the health- fulness, cheerfulness and general appearance of all the surroundings. There is another reason why the matter should receive attention at this season of the year. In Washington buildings are being erected every day of the winter season when the weather will admit of outdoor work, and naturally the walls aro longer in drying out thoroughly, Whitewashing them when it is necessary ultimately will not hasten the dry- ing to any noticeable extent, but put on then will undoubtedly hold on better and counteract any evil effect from temporary dampness, ¥ A GOOD RECIPE. The following is a recipe sent out by the light house board of the Treasury Department and has been found by experience to answer on wood, brick and stone nearly as well as oil | aw and is much cheaper. Sinke half a ushel of unslaked lime with boiling water, keeping it covered during the process; strain it and add a peck of salt dissolved in warm water; three pounds of ground rice put in boiling, water and boiled to a thin paste, half @ pound of powdered Spanish whit ing snd a pound of clear glue dissolved in warm water, Mix these well together and lot stand for several days, Keep tho wash thus prepared ina ket- tle or portable furnace, and when used put it on as hot as possible with painters’ or white- wash brushes, A FINE BRILLIANT WASH is obtained by mixing “paris white” with white transparent glue, in proportion to six- teen pounds of white to half a pound of ‘glue. The glue should be covered with cold water at night and next morning carefully heated until dissolved. The paris wkite should be stirred into hot water until it is of proper milky con- sistency for applying to the walls and the dis- solved glue added and thoroughly mixed in. Apply in the ordinary way. AN IMPROVED METHOD of making whitewash is by using sulphate of baryta, which is said to possess numerous ad- vantages over lime asa material for white- washing walls, Four ounces of glue for sizing is soaked for twelve hours in tepid water and then placed until it boils in a tin vessel with a quart of water, the vessel being pliced in the water as in the usual process of melting glue, The whole is then stirred until dissolved, Six or eight pounds of the sul- phate of baryta reduced to avery fine powder 1s put into another vessel, ho: water is added and then the whole is stirred until it has the ap- pearance of milk. The sizing is then added and then all stirred well together and applied as usual, Another plan under this head is highly recommended. Take aclean water-tight cask and put into it half a bushel of lime, slake it by pouring boiling hot water over it in sufficient quantity to cover it five inches deep and stir it briskly till thoroughly slaked. When well slaked dissolve it in water and add two pounds of suiphate of zinc and one of common salt. These will causo the wash to harden and prevent its cracking. When applied to the outside of houses and to fences it is rendered more durable by adding about a pint of sweet milk to a gallon of wash. THE “SYLVESTER PROCE: for exciuding moisture from external walls is published and sent out by the government, This process consists in using two washes or tolutions for covering the surface of brick walls, one composed of soap and water and one of alum and water. The proportions are three- quarters of s pound of soap to one gallon of water, and halla pe of alum to tour gal- lons of water, both substances to be perfectly dissolved in the water before being used. The walls should be perfectiy clean and dry, and the temperature of the air should not be below 50 degrees Fahrenheit when the compositions are’ ap- plied. The first or soap wash shonid be laid on when at boiling heat with a flat brush, taking care not to form a froth on the brick work. This wash should remain twenty-four hours, 60 as to become dry and hard, before the second or alum wavh is applied, which should be done in the same manner as the first. The temperature of this wash when applied may ve sixty or seventy degrees, and itshould also remain twenty-four hours be- fore a second coat of the soap wash is put on, and these coats are to be repeated alternately until the wails are made impervious to water. The alum and soap thus combined form an insoluble compound, filling the pores of the masonry aud entirely preventing the water from penetrating the walls. Four coatings render bricks impenctrable. A FINE COMPOSITION for coating wood cheaply and nearly equal to paint is the following: Take about forty pounds of chalk, forty of rosin, four of linseed oil and melt togebter in an iron pot. One part of oxide of copper—say two ounces—nnd one part of sulphuric acid are then to be added, after which the composition is ready for use. It is applied hot to the wood with a paint brush and will become exceeding hard on drying. FASHION IN PARIS, Two New and Opposite Styles Coming In—More Predictions of Crinoiine. The fashions are going to run in anew direction, says the London Truth. Two opposite styles are coming in; one may be roughly termed the boister-case style und the cther the trundled, The former is arevival of a fleeting mode of the consulate and tho latter of the Trianot: rusticities, models for which were found in dairymaids, Crinoline is hankered after by the pricsts and priestesses of fashion, This can be seen in the way they swell out the Inps with little paniers and in the festoon trimmings of skirts, These trimmings are incompatible with flowing folds or drap- ery. Hoops, depend upon it, wili soun be resorted to to hold well out the fes- tooned skirt from the wearer's person. Lumpy figures are at an advantage in the coming mode of paniers and’ full and nou-trailng skirts. They will be at an equal disadvantage in bolster-case gowns, in wach, it oceurs to me, your tall English girls will seem gigantic, Naturally the hate and bonnets to go with the skimp skirts are to be gigantic, feshion loving sharp contrasts, Hair 18 to roum abeut the forehead, lend- ing a skye-terrier air to the physiog- nomy, or to fall in curls round the nape of the neck. In this case the face should take an ingenious expression. With paniers and festooned skirts it should be dressed high, A movement is going forward among the hair- dressers to vary the color of the tresues necord- ing to the gown. ‘thus old gold will give “value” to raven tresses and black brows, und sky blue or pale lilac toamber hair, Queen Isa- bella continues to be faituful to Venetian red, though she has just got into the ties, The Duchess de Chartres bas grown almost a bru- nette. eae ee a Trtxrpap, Cot., is a city whose marvelous prosperity does not depend upon crops or rain- falltoany great extent. The great industry there now is the mining of the coal, and the pay rolls of that place from this source alone aggregate $125,000 aLout 10,000 people. the pro- duction ‘of coal and coke is being expanded very replay while iron works, smelters and other manufacturing establishments of kindred uature are rapidly added, For full in- formation address Trinidad Land and Improve- ment Co., Col.—Adot, ‘The Constitutional assembly of Brazil has ‘ized us ol provisional gov- ernment by s vote of 176 vo 41, ™ 8ST. PETER’S NEW CHURCH. Cardinal Gibbons Will Dedicate It PREPARATIONS FOR AN IMPOSIXG CEREMOXY— DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW MARBLE STRUCTURE ON CAPITOL HILL—-A SKETCH OF THE PARISH— THE MUSICAL PROGRAM. Tomorrow will be an important day in the history of St, Peter's Catholic parish on Capitol Hill The handsome new marble church erected on the site of the old church, corner of 2d and C streets southeast, having been com- pleted, so that itis now ready for occupancy by the congregation, will be dedicated. The ceremony will be imposing. Cardinal Gibbons wili formally bless and dedicate the structure and @ program has been arranged in keeping with the importance of the event, Many of the clergy from other churches of the archdiocese of Maryland are expected to be present, Ad- mission to the church will be by ticket, and there has been a great demand for tickets, ‘THE SERVICES. At10 o'clock the dedicatory service will be conducted by the cardinal, Following this will be services in the church, Right Rev. J. J. Kain, bishop of Wheeling, will celebrate pon- tifical mass at 10:30 o'clock Rev. Geo. W. Devine will officiate as deacon and Rev. Thos. Broydrick as subdeacon, Rev. M. P. Sullivan will be master of ceremonies. The sermon will be delivered by the cardinal. THE DEDICATION. Tae ceremony of dedication is one of the most impressive known tothe church, At 10 o'clock the procession will be formed at the Priest's residence adjoining the church, It will be headed by two ocolytes and a cross bearer, ‘hen will come the sanctuary boys and after them the priests in_cassock and surplice. ‘Then after the priests will come the cardinal, The procession will march as far as the main door of the church where it will pause while the cardinal says a prayer. Then the pro- cession will make a circuit of the church building while the cardinal blesses the walls outside. Arrived at the front of the building the procession will enter by the main door. The cardinal will offer @ prayer at the door, ‘Then the procession will move up the center aisle, At the sanctuary the litanies will be sung and another prayer said. Following this three psalms are sung and during the singing the cardinal and his aitend- ants make a circuit of the interior of the charch. Upon the cardinal’s return to the sanctuary the ceremony of dedication is closed with a prayer and the pontitical mass begins, the cardinal having taken a seat on a throne on the gospel wide of the altar. Bishop Kain, as he is not the bishop of the diocese, will be seated before the altar, facing the people. THE MUSIC, A program of music has been arranged by the choir, which will add much to the imposing character of the ceremony. With the opening of the new church the choir has been strength- ened, anda new director, Mr. F. W. Bird, who has been well known in musical circles as leader of the Schubert quartet, takes charge. Giorza’s mars, No, 1, will be sung tomorrow. The features of the program will be a clarionet solo by Signor Andrea Coda, ot the gradual; Verni Creator, male quartet; at the offertoriam, ‘*Tu es Petrus,” soloist, Mi Hattie Ritchie; at the benedictus, ontralto solo, y Salutaris, by Mme. Josephine Esputa Daly; The choir is composed of the following: So- pranos—Miss Ritchie, Mre. Light, Mrs. Cran- dall, Mrs Morell, Miss Frech, Miss Carter, Miss Cleary, Miss Murphy, Miss Moore, Miss Allan, Miss Baptista, Miss Wheatley. Contraltos— Mme. Josephine Esputa Daly, Miss Eichorn, Mrs. Ruppert, Miss Kubel, Miss Blaine, Miss Little, Miss Davis, Miss Chrismond, Miss Gan- non, Tenors—Messrs. Wright, Fennell, Flecker, Barclay, Marx, Forsythe and Davis. \Bassos— Messrs, Schuiters, Devereaux, Murray, Riley, audsiey, Blackmar, Dr. Daly, Sheriff and appan, Director—Mr. F. W. Bird. Organist ‘rof. Glootzner. There will be high pontifical vespers at 7 (oe Legeals’ vespers will be sung, the Ave Maria, from Silas’ mass; Salve Regina, by Mil- lard; O, Salutaris, contralto solo; Tantum Ergo, sextetto, Donizetti. THE NEW CHURCH. The corner stone of the new church was laid Sunday, September 15, 1890, by Cardinal Gib- bons. A procession, under the marshalship of Mr. Edward Hannan, marched from the Arling- ton Hotel to the church, The church is a magniticent marble structure 145 feet in length and 81 feet 7 inches in width. In addition to the main building thers is a two-story sacristy 40 feet long and 19 feet wide. The style of ar- chitecture 1s Romanesque. ‘The entire exterior is of Maryland marble, backed by brick laid in rock ashler. The roof is of slate and the cor- nices of copper. On the northeast corner rises a graceful tower, measuring from the curb line to height of stone work 117 feet; to height of copper finial. 140 feet; to top of gilt cross, 150 feet. This tower is lighted by several win- dows, surmounted by cluborato carvings. Over the grand entrance is arose window: under this are large panels. ‘The arches are Romanceque. The height of roof apex is 85 feet from the curb line. On the southeast corner is the circular baptistry. The base- ment is of the seme dimensions as the church and has a height of 14 feet. Under the sacristy is the boiler room, nineteen feet by forty feet, ‘The boys’ vestry room is in the basement and the lavatory and safe vault is between. the sacristy and apse, A circular stairway feads from the basement to the second floor of the sacristy. The interior of the church ia divided into nave and side aisles. ‘Ihe sanctuary, which is exceedingly handsome, is circular. Over the main altar is the window of the sacred heart of Jesus. To the right of this are win- dows adorned with pictures of St. Peter and St, John; on the left ars the windows of St. Paul and St, James. The Blessed Virgin's altar is on the south side. ‘The window over it has a picture of the Biessed Virgin between St. Joa- chim and St. Ann, St. Joseph's altar is on the north side; over it are windows with pictures of St Joseph, St. Aloysius, St. Vincent de Paul and St. Patrick, ‘The altar railing is quite handsome. The balusters are of brass, surmounted with a cherry railing. The frescoing has been ex- ecuted with excellent taste. The dark shades of the walls near the floor have been light- ened toward the ceiling. which is a beautiful cream tint, Over the large arches isa wreath of wheat and grapes in reliet work; ubove this isa band of gilt. ‘The iron pillars dividing the nave from the side aisles are also gilded. The height of roof, side aisles, is twenty-four feet, und that of the nave is filty feet.” The choir gallery 1s the admiration of ail visitors. The front of this gallery is beautifully carved and finished in oak. The church cost about 292,000, nor of New York. ‘the church will seat about twelve hundred and the basement tho same umber. A SKETCH OF THE PARISI The corer stone of the new church was iaid fifteen months ago. For nearly a year services have been held in the basement of the structure, which hereafter will be used for the Sunday school, St. Peter's parish dates its history from the y . when Father Matthews, then p: tor trick’s, took steps to o1 parish in the castern section of the ¢ yb aniel Carroll of Duddington, a member of the committee, dovated the ground at the corner of 2d and C streets, on which a church was built. Rev. James F. M. Lucas, who was ap- pointed by Archbishop Marechal as the first pastor, took charge September 1, 1821, and said is firat mass ip the new building Octover 14, 1821, November 4, 1821, the church was dedicated to St. Peter by Rev. Jchn Tessier of the Sulpician order and superior of St. Mary’s Seminary, Baltimore. Ox November 18, 1824, Rev. Join FB. MeGerry was appointed assistant pastor. Father Lucas left the church in 1829 to enter the Socioty of Jesus. Rey. Matthew P. Deagh in October, 1825, a8 ursistant, and succceded Father Lucas as pastor, and held the position until his death, October 27, is3i. Rev, James Hoener suceceded to the pastorate. Rev. Peter Stanislaus Schricber came to St. Peter's in 1832 and was pastor for one year, when he was suc- ceeded by Rev. P. Velmans, a Belgian, who ‘was pastor for five months, Rev. Father Van torscigh became tho next tor 1m July, 1884, and remained as such until death, September 10, 1849. It was during pastorate that the present pastoral resi- dence was built. Rev. Peter B. Lenaghan came in September, 1849, as assivtant, and became acting pastor until the following December, when Rev. Ed- mund A. Knight came, Father Knight wasa convert. He was succeeded as assistant by Rev. Bernard J, McManus, afterward the mou- signor, ‘The agsistants who followed Father McManus were Rev, Robert J. Lawrence and ee C. Breunav, Father Knight died in Rev. Francis E. Boyle succeeded Father Knight as pastor, aud continued as stich until April 1, 1878, when he was transferred to St, Matthew's tosucceed Rev.Father White. Father Boyle died 1882. Rev. Father De Wolf Rev. Father Boyle, and in turn was succeed by Rev, Jeremiah O'sullivan, who was r until he was made of Mobile in 1885, Rev. Geo, W. Devine, now pastor of St. John’s, Baltimore, followed as pastor and bad as his assistant Rev, James F. Donahue, now of St. Joseph's, in this came to St. Peter's The plans were prepared by Mr. LJ. O'Con- | pointing @ committee to solicit subscriptions. j aes Eevee O'Brien, the present pastor, ago by Rev. James O'Brien, . who has had as his assistants Rev. M. P. Suili- yan, Rev. James R. Matthews and Rev. T. J. Monteverde. Fathers Sullivan and Monte- verde are at present the assistants, coaster “less IDEALISTS AND REALISTS. Novelist Stevenson Has Decided Opin- ions Regarding the Two Schools. Mr. Robert Louis Stevenson has been inter- viewed on the subject of ‘Idealism and Real- ism in Literature” by a representative of the Melbourne Argus in Sydney. The following are a few of that writer's views on this subject, which, he observed, was “large enough for a Magazine article.” The correspondent first asked Mr. Stevenson if he were an idealist, He replied: ‘So they tell me. At least there are several gentlemen whom everybody agrees to call realists whose talents I admire extremely, but whose works I should not care to write, even if I were able. I do not know whether they admire my talents, but some of them are kind enough to assure me that they would rather die than write my works. “‘I believe the realists, or rather some of the sillier of them, object to invention altogether and must have everything a document, as they call it, and taken out of a note book. This isa question of sentiment. I suspect most of our inventions are document enough and taken out of the note book ot the memory. I will give yous couple of examples from my own case, Some five or six years after I had writ- ten “Trensuro Isiand’ I picked up Washington Irving's ‘Tales of a Traveler,’ and there I find Billy Bones, with his voice, his manners, his taik, his saber cut, his sea chest and all that is Billy Bales, I had read it long ago and, if you will allow ms a bull, I had forgot- ten, but my memory had remembered. Again, I fondly supposed I bad in- vented a scene when Alan Breck quarrels with one of the McGregors in a house in Bal- quidder. Here in Sydney, not two days ago, a gentleman informs me that I had read the out- lines of that scene, even to the names of the three principal characters engaged, in Pitcairn’s ‘Criminal Trials,’ Ido not remember, Ido not suppose there is a copy of Pitcairn in the col- onies, so that Lcannut make sure, but I have not the least doubt that itisso, We all, idealists and realists alike, rearrango that matter of observed life with which our memories are cbarged, and the most we can mean by the word invention is some happy congruity or surprise in the method of arranging it, “The realists will not let themselves enjoy anything. The moment anything enjoyable appears they must remind the reader that there is a cesspool under the kitchen floor, a corpse in the back parlor cupboard and a vol- cano in the immediate viciuity, 1do not say it is not so in real life, I only say that in life nobody cares. If he is meeting his sweetheart or combating his enemy at the moment, cess- ool, corpse and volcano are ali blotted from bis mind. He does not look out the window to analyze a smell and consider the miserable fate of humanity or the geological conditions of the carth, He does not care a farthing candie if the whole thing is going to explode tomorrow. At that moment he is all upon the present passion and his being thrills. It is this synthetic thrill of emotions that I miss in the so-called realists. “Writers appear to have become infected with a desire to imitate painters, Laborious and minute description became the disease of literature. We can make our hero speak. we can make him move, we can make him think, we can make him travel, we can make him grow old, we can let him die andeven hear what his survivors say of him, But one thing wo cannot do; we cannot tell what he looked like. Observe the efforts of artists to realize charac‘ers, even the most elaborately described. Every draughtsman makes a new thing of them. Or take scenery. Have yoa ever seen Mr. Hemerton’s excellent analysis of the excellent landscape in ‘The Lady of Shalot?’ Well, the same objections are valid against any landscape in literature, however minutely reproduced. One-sense literature can only serve by an occa- sional and half-miraculous tour de force, and that senso is the sense of sight. “I believe they are blinded on the one hand by a technical preoccupation, by the supposed necessity of perpetual, minute and always orig- inal observation; while they are blinded on the other by the habit of living in towns, in a mean, polky, hole-and-corner civilization, where they live in clubs and restaurants, never seeing people in the open uir. in their working Galion and waherehg Maal y Selisiocn anaes gers. Pierre Loti and De Maupassant are the two that are by far the most sympathetic to me in their methods, and the only two of whom I absolutely know that they have had some good experience of the open air and of a heaithy life. “fam likea Highland skipper of whom I once asked the meaning of a Gaelic name, and who replied, seemingly in physical agony, “A canna say it, but a feel it in ma breest,’ Any way that I could put it in words would sound something far harsherthan I mean. I will dea! perfectly frankly with you. I do not know what idealism means and I do not know what realism means. I try to represent what seems tome conspicuous and represent- able in the world in which I live. I try to do 80, 80 as on the whole to give pleasure or to awaken interest, I sce the defects. I see the iuherent un- truths. I see what seems to me the wanton unpicasantnesses of the methods of the other school, I suppose they see ali these things in mine. I suppose if you were interviewing a realiat he would point them out to you with truth, Isuppose even that he would go on as Ihave done to connect them with what he wou!i consider some technical error of our method, for I believe the question to be wholly technical, and it is because I think my view of the resources and defects of literature as an art to be the more correct that I hoid the liter- ature of the so-called idealists tobe the more moral, Koch and His Discovery. To the Editor of Tae EVENING STAR: There is so much interest in “Koch's dis- covery” and there hasrecently been so much excitement over Pastenr’s treatment of bydro- phobia that it seems fitting that honor shonid_ be given to whom honor is due: First—Jenner, tho discoverer of vac- cination, from which discovery all these later ones have sprung: next to the late Dr. Con- stant:ne Herring of Philadelphia, who in 1830 directed in Stapf’s Archives how to_ prepare virns from anthrax; it was done by Dr. G. A. Weber, who cured with it every case in cattle and the herders who had contracted the disease, His report was published in Leip- zig in 1836, but no notice was taken of it except by Dr. P. Dufresne of Geneva, who used the prepared virus and pre- vented the further xpread of the murderous © among the sheep and shepherds, His as published in Geneva in January and . 1837. Dr. Hering says that “the dis- covery of the bacteria und their incredibly rapid propagation seemed to be of much more importence than the cure of cattle and the loss of millions of doilars by this disease. Radiate heat, proposed scores of years ago (this was written prior to 1879, C.B.G.), for other zymotic diseases by C,U'g, was discov- eved in a very ingenious way by Pasteur.to pre- | vent the increase of bacteria, Now the heat (3 it hasdone in hydrophobia) and the nosode (disease products, C.B.G.) may suffice to cure every case. Dr. Kesemann had moral courage enough to introduce antheecine in gangrene in , and Dr, Raue has given it in earbuncles ince 1858." The last use can be corroborated inevery part of the United States, In 1530 Dr. Hering, after having, in South America. experimented upon himself with e poison, wrote as follows: “The proving ake poison may pave the way to the pre- ° vention of hydrophobia and of variola, by the proving of the respective morbific poisons.” | This was repeated in 1833, In Au- gust, 1833, he procured some saliva | from a rabid dog, prepared it by triturating | with milk sugar, and then preserved it in alco- | hol. With this preparation in different strengths experiments were made on the healthy (prov- ings), and later many cures were made of con- ditions similar to those produced upon the provers, Dr. Hering says that of many per- | sons : who, baving been bitten, took lyssin, as | the prepared virus is calied, none ever devel- | oped hydrophobia, ‘This is negative testimony, of course, but just as good as Pasteur’s after his treatment, Dr. Hering did not find it necessary to dilute | bis virus throush the spinal marrow of rabbits or in any other elaborate or painful method, but in a simple way with non-medicinal yebi- cles, Dr. Koch has yet to demonstrate that tub- ercie bacillus causes tuberculosis and that he can cure with his preparatign incipient tuber- culosis or even lupus; if be can all honor to him, but let us honor the pioneers even though academies they be not members of of science, Respectfully, aba _-—»—__ A Reversal of Positions. From the Yankee Blade. “I wonder if Mr. Goodcatch will come this evening?” said Susie to her father, “I hops not,” replied the father, “Why, father, what can you “I am not prepared to return that yI ‘Iam borrowed of him yet I want a few more.” ee —— en UsED to OF ALL ARTICLES rece a table none im- NEW YORK NOTES, Notes and Comments on the Political and Financial Situation in Gotham. ‘TRE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC, LONDON aND NEW YORK—A PAINFUL POLITICAL sTRINGrNct— TRADE 48 A REFORMER—MILLION-DOLLAR PAL~ ACES IMPROVING DISREPUTABLE LOcaLITIES. ‘Special Correspondence of Tux Evrxtvo Stan. New York, Noveaner 20. OR some years we New Yorkers have been galed with fairy stories about the Ar- gentine Republic. We have been in- formed with rather brutal frankness that our boasted superiority to our South American neighbor was a good sample of Yan- kee self-conceit. So intelligent and so fair- minded a manas W. E. Curtis told me and was accustomed to tell his many friends that in banks, clubs, bnsiness palaces and other signs of a strong civilization we could scarcely match these enterprising neighbora, Well, the end seems to have come to this brilliant bubble and we are nowadays, in common with the strongest houses in London and in fact the world at large, paying up for these elegancies, It was Thackery who toldus howa man could live quite dazzlingly on nothing a year and a country can do the same for awhile. But there somehow comes a reckoning in most cases, For years the more prudent of British capi- talists have been selling their United States curities in order to obtain the cash with which to meet the crisis which their foresight antici- pated. The effect of this judicious policy on their part has been to load down V below the line of either safety or is the true explanation of the ine ness which bas r ed there for th: or three years in spite of the very he dition of trade in thiscountry. That being the case we are less overwhelmed by the shock when it comes. One trembles to think what might have happened if the troubles in the Argentine Republic had come suddenly, and that, too, on the heels of the frightful col- lapse of the Panama canal, of itself one of the most exhausting speculations of this or any age. A PAINFUL POLITICAL STRINGENCY, TOO. The politicians seem to be about as much at sea as the financiers. Tho democrats do not know what to do with their victory and the re- publicans certainly do not know what to do with their defeat. In a vague wa 8 it were, by default Blaine and Cleveland are rather taken for granted as the men of destiny for 1592, At the same time, just as the failure of any old ble house would not now astonish sireet,so the abandonment of either or both of these champions would ecail torth scarcely more than a shrug. In the narrower field of local politics there is a state of chaos and despair. For the moment Tammany is supreme, and what that is taken to mean can be illustrated by an incident which came under the observation of a friend of mine a day or two ago. He was crossing town in a 59th street car when the H.bernian driver of a brick cart dumped his entire load on the track in front of the advaneing car. For twenty minutes the car had to wait, while the irate passengers, ex- pecting every moment to start, expressed their Teelings in forcible language inside, while a lively dialogue went on outside between the conductor and the cart driver. “Ab!” said the latter, with a triumphant grin, “you'se can't help yourselves? We ean do what we loike now, Tammany’s all roight!" Ineed only add thatin the same spirit of Peaceful oblivion of public opinion the author- ities bave laid aside uli color and pretence of cleaning the streets and that there thorough- fares now resemble the mud geysers of the Yellowstone rather than the public highways of a civilized metropolis. TRADE AS A REFORMER, However, we are improving. In spite of it- self the city is plunging ahead in its material growth with a majesty that is most impressive toany observer. ‘Thus within the past four years, and really within the past two years, a mighty revolution has taken place in the char- acter and value of property west of Broadway and just south of Washington Square. This section of the city after having had its day of fashion and then of adingy and decayed re- spectability sank to the very depths of infamy. ‘The tumble-down residences of the four bun- dred of our fathers became the haunt of the vilest of all nations and both sexes. But by one of those sudden and mysterious move- ments of real estate one great million-dollar palace of trade after another has suddenly been erected until the district has now become the center of the greatready-made clothing houses of the city. The change can be descrived toa Washington reader by saying it is much as if the recent boom which has struck chosen C or D south of the ave instead and transformed that section into a collection of eight and ten-story granite and iron structures occupied by the leading clothiers of the city, A SPEEDING TRACK ON THE HUDSON. It was the recipe of the convivial Tom Moore to lengthen our days by stealing a while from the night, and in the same way New York is continuaily enlarging itsel: by robbing the ad- jacent rivers, The latest scheme as to take a siice about 150 feet wide right off o/ the Hud- son river for a mile aud a half along the River- side front, from 72d to 98th street, tor the pur- powe of entarging the roadway, making a river walk, and, most important of all, « speeding track for the owners ot fast horses, At present these favored gentlemen are obliged to go far into the suburbs to get a clear track. Many and desperate have beew their efforts to appropriate @ part of Central Park for ther favorite plea- sure, but thus fur they have been baiked in this | effort, and hence they now are turning to the lovely water ffont, convenient of access along the North’ river, A mceting of geuticmen mterested in this scheme was held on Wednesday and the prelimins Steps were taken to carry out their des Mayor Grant is personally much intereste: he is himself the owner and lover of ma ze horses, and he was present at the meu ‘The improvement would probabi 000,000 and certainly would be a great gain to the attractions of what is already one of the most charming features of Manhattan Is! the Riverside Drive and Park. it isa question, however, whether the New York Central will rmit this encroachinent on its almost price- Bei franchise. At present the Hudson River tracks run right aloug the water's edge from 30th street up. The new drive would hem it in and spoil certain plans of its own to extend down into the river with sidings and other paraphernalia of the great railroad corpora- tion, A MONEY MOB IN THE Bowery, There has been a real old-fashioned run on the savings bank today, under conditions that wouid have been humorous were they not so Pathetic, Some one started a report that the Citizens’ Savings Bank, at Canal street and the Bowery, was shaky. ‘This institution is maiuly supported by the thousands of poor and ignor- Certainly, you are meddlers, always are, but you ? ‘will survive with Feasou intact, provided you give up meddling. Weonce knew # man who mades large fortune by simply minding his own business, You should profit by his example, follow in his footsteps and pot worry over the affairs of otber people, All your worrying snd fussing and fuming will not prevent us from eell- ae SUITS OF CLOTHES FOR MEN At 84.99, 86.75, 87.50, @8.75, $9.50, 810.00, 820.7%, PRINCE ALBERT SUITS At 812.25, $15.00, $17.40, 820.50, SUITS OF CLOTHES FOR BOYS (Coats, Vests and Long Pants) At 84.50, 65.50, $6, €6.75, 87, 87. 7H SUITS OF CLOTHES FOR BOYS Gacket and Short Panta) At $1.06, €2.50, @2.57, 83, $3.25, 83.50, 63.87. MEN'S STORM COATS AT @5.75 MEN'S CHINCHILLA OVERCOATS AT $8.25. MEN'S KERSEY OVERCOATS AT $10.76 STORM COATS FOR BOYS aT #4 CAPE COATS FOR BOYS AT 82. If these prices don't set well on your stomach. please bear in mind that we are CLOTHIERS TO THE | PEOPLE, and we propose to protect their interests im spite of all opposition, VICTOR E ADLER'S ‘Tev Per Cent Ciothing House Hats, Caps and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods, 927 and 920 7th st. n.w., cor. Massachusetteava, STRICTLY ONE PRICE ‘Open Saturday until 11 p.m al? | Gear Coxstoxuext Saxe. €90,000 WORTH OF FINE CUSTOM - MADE CLOTHING On consignment from ® large manufacturer who ts overstocked and in need of ready cash. Bale to begin SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 15, AT 8 AM. Prices to be one-half of actual wholesale cost, ‘5 styles Men's Suits, 65; sctusl value $11. GC styles Men's Suits, $8, including Cheviota, Cass meres and Worsteds ; worth 816, €10 will buy choice of 70 styles Men's Suita, Cork- screws, Cheviows and Fancy Worsteds, ectual value Elegant Dress Suits, cutaway or Prince Albert, 615; ‘actual value @32. 600 Men's Overcoats (Beavers and Kerseys), 65; actual vaiue $11. 400 Dress Overcoate (all weights), @8; actual value e16. 650 Overcoats (all shades), 11; actual value $24. Elegant Fur Beavers, Kerseya, Montagnaca, Elysians, &c., @15; custom tailors charge €40. Every garment Guaranteed as represcnted (or money refunded) by the NEW YORK CLOTHING WOUER 311 7TH 8T &.W. 017-328 CONSIGNMENT SALE Ourfall stock of Furniture, Carpets, &e, is now complete, and if you contemplate purchasing any- {Ling in our line it will be toyour interest tocallon us before doing so, as We are confident wecan save you } from 10 to 25 per cent on your purchasa Below we Mention # few of our many bargains and advantages. We will sell you a handsome SOLID OAK ANTIQUE FINISHED BED ROOM SUITE, 3 pieces, for 617 teh or 818 on credit, We will sell you a 7-piece PARLOR SUITE, solid ‘EILUL frames, Upholstered in the best hair cloth, for €28 cash or £30 on credit, We will cell you « 7-piece PARLOR SUITE, solid ‘Walnut franes, upholstered in plush, combination colors, for $28 cash or $30 on credit, ‘We will sell you agood WOVEN- WIRE BED SPRING cash or €2.50 om credit, ‘We will sell you a good quality BRUSSELS CARPET for 60c. per yard cash or GSc. per yard on credit, ‘We will well you a good INGKAIN CARPET for 35a, Yer yard cash or 40c, per yard on credit We Sew and Lay all CARPETS Free of Cost andde Lot charge for the waste in matching figurea, We will sell all CARPETS, MATTINGS AND OTL- ‘CLOTHS on Credit at an advance of 5 cents per yard on the lowest cash price, LASY WEEKLY or MONTHLY PAYMENTS takes for ant Polish Jews on the East Side. The rumor flew as iastas bad news ever did, and u the bank was the ceuter of a howling, strug- gling mob, which looked like the worst days of the Paris commune. Men and women charged the bank like wild animals, The police could do very little beyond kecping the crowd from tearing the bank literaily to pieces and carry- ins off the very bricks and stones, Among in- telligent people there was no excitement, as the bank is known to be perfectly solvent, but it was idle to argue with the frightened and in- furiated Gepositors, JAY KNOCKS DOWN THE PERSIMMOX. As one item of the financial pinch of the week, Jay Gould has laid his caressing hand on Pacific Mail. Itis also more than rumorea that he has captured two more large railroad corporations, having taken advantage of the | benefactor. 1 have been there, and you sudden call for cash. Somehow or other Mr. Gould doesn’t seem to get hurt very badly in any of these little scrimmages, Henny R. Exuior. Fen An Emperor’s Modest Mother. Correspondence of the Chicago News, The Empress of Germany is a daughter of the Duchess Adelheid of Schleswig-Holstein- Augustenburg. The latter is a singularly mod- est and reserved personage, quite averse to dis- play and palaver. She is in the habit of trav. eling about incognito and this is incognito in- variably of the etrictest kind. Recently she weut to Vienna and asthe Comizesse de Wol- fersdort hired apartments in a bourzeoise part ofthe city. The landiord treated her as he might have treated any otber elderly Indy | whose only visttors were her physician and a cp all credit sales, and no votes required. CABH DIDCULN allowed on all accounts settledin 30 days, P GROGAN, l-3m ‘730and 741 7th et ow, A Caz. ‘Talk about Grasty when you will somebody will have something to say—a few will say: “Idon't like his style of advertising, although I must admit that 1 read thom and believe that Lis statements are true and that: ‘Le is really making a substantial impression upon: people.” Hundreds will exclaim: “Grasty ts & tr ineney Ment along—and any man who will reflect moment ought to see it. He docs business for aud rents are much lower thau other houses he pays cash tor everyting and wets the ke. I always read his adva. apd I feel time." Now 1 have to say tothe first class; I hot repeat the folly of the mau and the donkey in avcient fable sud go to ruin trying to please body. I write my advertisements to please trying im every imstance to state own peculiar wsy, and if I fail to please taste of sowe readers I reeret my clumay though I bave the satisfaction that have to say and speck of 1t besides. To the second, I would sxy: No matier how often you I : ia! tii & & F = ul tf care for your interest and show you that few solemn-looking friends. One day, however, this landlord was stricken nearly aghast when the Emperor of Germany (who ig oe to be visiting Vienna) whirled up in modest mansion and inquired the Com- tesse de Wolfersdorf. After this imposing vis- itor had departed the landlord scuttled up to his lodger’s apartments, “Do know, Mme. la Com’ ‘bless!