Evening Star Newspaper, November 1, 1890, Page 9

—_— THE EVENING — STAR: WASHINGTON. THEY WENT FISHING. The Recent Trip of the South Moua- tain Club. IN A SANDY WILDERNESS. A Dreary Sunrise Picture—Adventures With "onsters of the Deep—The Bat- Ue ef the Sand Hills and the Forest— A Remarkable Storm, T was about 8 o'clock in the afternoon of an Oc to ber day when the schooner Roxana spread her sail to.a three-quar- ter breeze and dropped easily down the river. The South Mountain Fishing Club were on board and there were also the captain, the mate and a cook, whose reputation was sus- T tained during the voy- age. The Roxana was a two-masted schooner of about ten ton, light draft and broad beam. The five members of the South Mountain Fish- ing Club made up her passenger list, and her cargo consisted of provisions, guns, ammuni- tion, tackle and such other things as might be ‘necessary to the comfort and safety of the club during a two weeks’ cruise. There is but one South Mountain Fishing Club, therefore it is Unnecessary to state that this party was made upof the most distinguished correspondents who edit newspapers from Washington. None of them wore their Sunday clothes, and they all got to looking more or less like pirates be- fore the cruise ended; but that’s what they were there for, to wear old clothes, look tough and have a good time with whatever fish and me there might be between Currituck and latteras. They had not been afloat three days when by « unanimous vote it was decided that, barring one, they were the most disreputable- looking set of pirates afloat. There always was and still isa difference of opinion as to who the respectable-looking member of the club was, and modesty prevents the writer from dropping any suggestions on the subject. Suf- fice that there was no difference of opinion sbout the character of the cruise. It was eventful, interesting and successful. ‘This trip had been talked over for # long time before it was ventured upon and the plans bad been well laid, but there is no use laying plans. All trips into an unknown country are bound to be different from what is anticipated either for better or for worse. In this case it was for better. The trip lay from Washington to Norfolk by steamer, thence from Norfolk to Elizabeth City, N. C., by rail, after which the cruise began. THE CRUISING WATERS were in the Currituck sound, Albemarle sound and Pimlico sound, all of which are cut off from the ocean by a little streak of sand. The schooner was chartered for such time as the club wanted to hold it and they were prepared to meet either fish or game of any size, but h they were after particularly and they re- ted ail temptation to delay the cruise for bird shooting in the vicinity of Elizabeth City, where game is in abundance, They were eager to be on the water, to breathe the salt air and seck adventure. The colonel took to the water <7 Raturally. and was overboard before they had gone ten miles. Before we reached the mouth of the river the sun had sunk from sight and darkness blotted out the shores: the club had a little world to themselves, in which they pro- ceeded at once to make thertelves at home. A steadily freshening breeze carried the schooner swiftly along wa: ey siept and the morning found them snuxly at anchor off Nag’s Head, where they wert to make their first stop. When the major,who is president of the club. crawled out of the cabin mth acamera under his arm the colonel, who is no officer at all. but a most astoni-hing fisherman and the possessor of other accomplishments which cannot be lost sight of. was sitting on the gun’al with his bare feet dangling in the water, watching the sun Fise over the sad sand hilis that shut out the view of the ocean. The major cocked his d the vice president and the master f rods came scramb.ing on deck. There lay be them the ghostlest landscape that ever mortal eve rested on. A long wcoden pier reaches far into the sound, At th» shore end of the pier is a large whitewashed building surrounded by three tiers of porches, looking vacant through its bare windows and many doors. It is standing on piles far out in the water and clustered around it are a number of cottages from which the whitewash has mostly rubbed off. They are ali stnding on stilts in the water, except a few very dilapidated ones which are close to the watr’s edge. Immediately behind them, most from the water's edge. is an im- mense b: f white, cutting off all view be- yend. Ali this is dimly outlined in the early gray of morning. AT SUNRISE. Tie red light of the rising sun sifts through the ead branches of a blasted tree, which ®cens to be half buried ina mountain of mist whib narrows and perpiexes the vision. Save theblasted tree there is no growth in sight; thee is the blue water, the banks of white and the pink tint of the sky. Ina moment the full hight of the sun turns what seemed a cloud of mst into hich hillsof white sand. The blasted tree is @ solitary “‘live” oak, alive no longer, ground Which the is banked up to the top- ost branches, St ng out to the left and wwward is a@ chain of white sand hills. Off to he right stand still higher hills of sand, rising fhigher and sparkling brighter toward the morning sun. Between the hills ruus a valley almost level, but slightly rising toward the Ocean beach a mile and a half away. Nota leaf nor a blade of grass. not a sprig of green relieves the ghostly whiteness of the land- veape. Ou the level between the sand hills are iead and half-rotten limbs of trees, and black- med stumps stick up through ¢ and here nd there. These sand hills have traveled over rom the ocean to the sound. They are the ‘creeping mountains.” ‘Traversing the strip f land between the ocean and the sound, once eavily wooded with live oaks and pincs and tangled mass of vines, they have smothered ut all vegetation and left only a trail of white and bebind them. They are now close on to ne sound beach, crowJing the habitations into ae water. The foot of the foremost hill is in ae back yard of the tardy fisherman whose ouse still stands on dry land and work re busy moving their houses out of the —_— ZS ay. hill of sand a hundred feet high stands ere tne hotel stood but s short time ». The few inhabitants are busy getting ir humble dwellings ous of the way of the reiless sand. A mule or two farther up the nd the country is wooded. Just where the hills end and the woods begin there are signs of the mighty strugsle which is dg on between the sands and the forest, the Qs slowly but surely winning the victory. arst from the white mounds of sand pro- fe the limbs and stumps of trees, and bere there the prostrate form of a mighty oak, d and blackened. Further ou there ngled mass of turf and vines and under- @h of all sorts torn upand force@ back Set the line of forest growth as if clinging % trees as a last hope, while the eand is Bting higher and higher, in time to bury thest and sturdiest of the oaks, A little fur- id there is # besutiful green forest. The Soil is covered with the dead foliage of ‘Wieasons, through which the greeu ehrubs Ferns growin the delis aud marshy places, and vines run over the ground and bind together the pine tree and the oak. the hick- oryand the gum. There is no sign of the, silent foe that is forcing its way toward them, | ture out and inst which all their united strength will not | could tell where the water avail, AG's HEAD, beach was covered with water, and it was rap- idly coming in toward us. The storm had greatly abated. but it was still unsafe to ven- here was ® predicament’ Who would rise to or how deep it would be. The storm had blown it in from the sea and the wind was still high There was much about this place to interest | enough to keep up the tide, A fisherman's the clab during the two or three days they spent there. Nag's Head is quite a popular resort for the people within reach of it during certain seasons of the year. There are generally about 200 people at the hotel during the season and the cottages about are occupied. With a breeze always blowing, with ‘ng and crabbing and sailing to the heart's content, snipe shoot.ng in the salt marshes a mile or so away, squirrel shooting in the woods above and e wonderful fresh water lake, of which more will be said later on, this place must be attractive to many | espe ‘The guests were all away and the otel closed when the Souti Mountain Fishing Club sailed into the harbor. Only the few peo- ple who always live there and the workmen en- gaged in moving the houses out of the way of the creeping sand hills were there. Over on the sea coast there was a cluster of fisher cot- tages and a life-saving station. Take them all in all, they are a hardy, hospitable, self-sus- taining people, whose greatest troubie on this earth is with the sands. They live by huating and fishing cheefly, and,teke it, the yeur around, make considerabi: money supplying the eastern markets. The ducks are abundant certain sea- sons, and oue of the hunters told us that he made an average of €100 a month with his gun. THE MANCH OF TNE SAND HILLS. But there is something dreadful about the silent menace of the sand hills, keeping barren @ country that should be green with foliage, Nobody now living knows when they started; but it 1s thought that they first began when the early inhabitants began to cut aay the heavy timber from the coast. Getting a foothold in the clearing, the sands banked up againstthe forests and were drifted in by the winds, the mounds growing larger as the clearing ex- panded, until the creeping hills got to be a force in nature greater than the tenacity of the trees and all the lower part of the point was swept over. The hills are like mighty ocean waves, The sand piles up, sloping from the windward and almost perpendicular on the other side, until finally the top slides off, aa the crest of a mighty wave breaks and falls over in a “comber.” The wind keeps the fine particles ofsand ou the surface always in motion and the surface is all in little waves, miniatures of the mighty waves which are sweeping across the point. The piling up and toppling over is what gives a steady motion forward to the hills, and the heavy gales, which are of frequent occur- rence, help them on their way. IN A STORM. The club experienced one of the Nag’s Head storms. The president, the vice president, the colonel and the new member were fishing in the surf not iar from the place where the Huron was lost. Tradition has it that wreckers used to allure ships to destruction by showing false lights on the shore. Stories are told of lights being tied about the necks of horses, which were driven along the coast as a sort of ignis fatuus to lead the mariners astray, but in the place of wreckers there are now life savers, who do noble work cn that treacherous coast,’ The president caught » shark and bo thought he had a whale as he ran up the beach with his line over his shoulde: ond the line of breakers the fish leaped high in the air, disclosing his wicked identity. Then there was astraggle between the president—or the major, let’s call him; it’s more familiar—and | the shark, First it was the one and then the | other that had the upper hand. But the major was plucky. He dug his tocs into the sands and a@ high sea helped him. The sbark was laaoght wie Gis bencieo’ Ae sotaas kal ae out of the water he bit the line off above the sinker and would have got back into the sea had not one of the natives run out and grabbed him before the return of the bresker. He was something over three feet long and brim full of “kussedness.” He was as ready to fight it out on shore as anywhere else, but the major got even with him with his kodak, and that settled Mr. Shark. The fish were biting pretty well aud the novice had wound himself up line and batted one ear half off with his sinker. It was a race between the other three as to which should quit with the most fish, Three natives were watching the sport, and for some reason seemed to be particularly interested in the novice, which so flattered him that he did not mind batting himself in the head with the sinker each time he threw out his line, A DARK CLOUD. Though it had got to be late in the afternoon, the rays of the sun seemed to gather a power | not noticed at noon; the breeze almost ceased. | A dark cloud could be scen far up the coast, too far away to demand any attention, A mile away, looking between the sand hills, couid be seen the schooner Noxana floating atanchor, as mo- tionless as if painted there. Afar off toward Currituck there was a thick gray atmosphere, The fish were biting well, and began to bite better. The colonel hauled in a large one, which he thought equal to two of the major's | smaller catch. The natives cast an cye over the horizon and burried te their cabins half a | mile up the beach, calling back as they went that they hoped we would havea very good time. | Inow remember the tone in which that parting | good wish was uttered. A few minutes later the novice noticed a little cloud of sand rising in the distance. Seizing all the traps in reach he cailed to his three companicus to come quick, and madea dash for an old bath honse which stood abont th: ards away. Half way between the beach and the bath house a large bottomed Loat lay, well sunken in the sand and securely anchored high and dry. ‘The three fishers iooked up in surprise. The colonel made another cast. Then they saw an immense column of water go waltzing over the | ocean, and they too made a break for the old | bath house. The vice president was in the ! lead, the colonc! next, and the major last, When the first two were within three feet of the shed a burst of wind came that nearly took them from their feet, and it was only by making a sudden plunge to leeward of the shed that they were saved from being ble away. A Nag’s Head} storm wason us. ‘Three columns of sand not | less than 100 fect bi sand hills, whiriin, the fly wheel of an engine, whirling around out with the velocity of | and about each other hke mighty giants in a | ee wild waltz end passing obliquely across from the sound with great rapidity. Another in- stant and the air was full of sand blown with ; the force of a “sand blast.” THE MAJOR LOST. The major bad not reached the bath house | and he was lost to sight. Ihe schooner on the | sound could not be seen. The driving rain and | sheets of sand skut from sight objects three feet away. No living thiag could staud in the teeth of the blast and it bore off to the sca, The colonel was sure that as be broke for cover himself hesaw the major drop behind the stranded boat. If this were not true there was no hope for him, An ox could have been blown away. As we learned later one of the big | life boats belonging at the life-saving station, | which was anchored high and dry on the beach, | was picked up bodily and carried far out to sea. Though the bath shed was strongly built it was liable to be blown down and the three men | who had sought its shelter stood outside, using | it only as a shicld against the wind. Their position w.s by no means an enviable one, but their anxicty for the major and for the schooner, on board of which were one member of the ciub and the crew, some- | what blinded them to their own situation. For half an hour, perhaps, the storm lasted with all ite fury. Look up or down in any di- rection, it was a whirling, dashing blast of sand, until it was a feeling of doubt whether they were not being carried with the gale. Sheltered though they were the sand was being driven into their wet clothing until the cloth was stiffened and coated, At the first clearing of the atmosphere three men, with their faces and hands cut and smart- | ing from the peppering of the sand, looked | eagerly for the dim outlines of the stranded boat, fifteen yards away. Through the cloud | must soon be established in Trini 1 came down trom the | , | inclusiv | the nineteenth century, boat was launched under the lea of the shore; there were oars at hand, and un this wo as a last resort. THE scHooxER, Presently it cleared up so that we could see the sound. But noschooner could we see. We had marked well where she stood before, but there was only foaming waves there now, Long and anxiously we looked. A shout from tho vice president, “She flo: ho cried, and every man felt a great weight lifted from him, More than a hundred yards inshore, almost on the reef, the Roxana could be seen tugging at her anchor chain. At one moment her bow was buried under water, the next it was high in the air. The one desire now was to reach her. The sun was getting low and the water between us and the sound was still rising. There must be some wading done and perhaps some ewim- ming, and it must be done before dark. Then came the moment for the novice to make him- self useful, He had hunted over all that low ground for yollow-leg snipe during the morn- ing and knew that there was a ridge of hard sand running in an irregular course in about the direction they wanted to go. He knew also that there was quicksand in that vicinity, for he had been nearly caught in it. So he acted as pilot and all got across without wading deeper than up to the knees, AFTER THE BLOW, The water of the sound was so rough that it was with great difliculty and no little danger that we got on board the Roxana again, being rowed over two at a time by the mate, who came off after us. The schooner had had a rough time of it,as may be imagined. Three water spouts had formed and borne down toward her until within 50 yards, when they swerved a little to ono side and swept around her stern, passing close enough to turn the yawl bottom upward. The captain was pre- pared for « blow and had everything as snug as possible, but everything the wind could get hold of was whisked away. The schooner, tossed and pounded by the gale and deluged with water, draggod her anchor for a hundred orahundred and fifty yards, and when the rest of the party came aboard she was pound- ing the bur viciously. The master of the rods distinguished himself by crawling along the deck on his belly and saving the club's fishing tackle, when the whole crew had found it nec- essary to keep below deck to avoid being blown away. We have no less authority than his own for the statement that be also saved the vessel and that his coolness during the great danger was phenomenal, He stood dripping on the deck when the rest of the club returned, his hat gone and water running from his hair, and they all fell upon his neck aud wept. They made so much of a hero of him that when the major presented him with a uew hat it needed to be three sizes larger than tho one blown tay, and on several occasions during the rest of the trip he rather hinted that some special consideration should be shown him in the mat- ter of sleeping accommodations, place at table or something of that sort on account of his having saved the ship, However, for the rest of that night, the South Mountain Fishing Club was the wettest, most forlorn looking and the merriest crew that can be imagined, and the next day the rigging looked like a laundry establishment, Coal, Coke and Iron, Trinidad, Col., bids fair to become another Pittsburg or Birmingham. Surrounding it are 600 square miles of the st coal lands in the world, producing an average of 10,000 tons per acre of coking coal, the coke of which is driv- ing all eastern cokes out of the western market, The coal 1s shipped freely all over the country to the east and the south, the Missouri river and the gulf and southwest almost to the Pacific coast and Old Mexico. ‘The immense mountains of iron ore that lie a little back have been explored and are soon to be brought into market. With the large smelting and iron and steel industries that ‘dad as the outcome of this rare and happy combination of raw materials it is certain not only that Trinidad will become one of tho great manu- facturing cities of the country, but also that Colorado will ultimately establish her claim that she is as rich in the more humble but highly valuable minerals of coal and iron as Pennsylvania and Alabama, and at the same time maintain her high rank as the second greatest precious ore producing state in the Union. For full information address Trinidad Land and Improvement Co., Trinidad, CoL— Adet, einige Half Rates via B. & O. R. R: The B. & O. RB. R. Co, will sell excursion tick- ets at rate of one fare for the round trip as fol- ts in the state of Maryland, Nov. 1, 2, ood for return passage until Nov. 5, | lows, viz: To pox Sand points in the state of Pennsylvania, Oct. ov. 1, 2 and 3, good for return passage within 15 days from day of sale. Yo points in the state of Delaware, Oct. 31 and Nov. 1, good for return passage until Nov. 10, inclusive, To 1 ‘To points in the state of New Jersey, Oct. 31, | Nov. J, 2 and 3, good for return passage within 15 days from date of sule. Yo points in New York, Oct. $1 and Nov. 1, | good for return passage until Nov. 10, inclu- sive. - an Soe. Mr. Tarsney’s Rising Sun Story. In # speech which Congressman Tarsney is using considerably during the campaign, says the Kansas City Ster, he explains the arduous of a Congressman in this latter half of He says that many times during the past session he has seen the clory of the sunshine in the east before his head sought his pillow. ‘they say the present «1 prospective Congressman was delivering this speech in Johnson county the other even- ing and succeeded finely in holding the audi- ence in silent attention until he came to the picture of all-night toil, Just when he paused where the sunlight was gilding the east, a loud, bass voice, in atone of honest surprise, burst from the back of the hall: ° ——— How the chips must ’a’ held out!” Count Lowenhaupt Married. Miss Lily Wilson, daughter of Mr, James Wilson of 272 Madisou avenue, New York, was married Wednesday afternoon to Count Claes Lowenhaupt of Sweden, at the residence of the bride’s father. The groom is a member of the second oldest house in Sweden, Kev. Dr, Rod- erick Teary tied the nuptial knot, The best of sand they saw dimly the form of the major seated under the lee of the boat, He was calmly * ‘WINDING UP BIS LINE, Aloud shout was raised, and he called back: “Aye! are you all there?” Aud right glad we were to all be there, * But there wa the schooner not heard from, and we could not see that far yet, The major came to us. Still the wind was so high that it was no easy thing for him to do— and we four watched for the first glimpse of the schooner or sight of the sound, It did not seem possible that she could have weathered the storm. There was ashout from the colonel, and he pointed out toward the sand dunes, The low land between us aud the sound an was Mr. Grip, the minister of Norway and len to the United States, Among the guests were Baron Leck Friis, secretary of the Swedish legation Pelee om Count nus von Rosen and Mr. von Kuhier, The ne married couple left in the evening for a trip to the south, and about January 1 they will sail for Stockholm, ——_—_—_ee_____ Buffalo Bill’s Indians Coming. Mr. Jobn M. Burke and the Indians con- nected with Buffalo Bill’s show sailed from Antwerp Thursday for Philadelphia on the Bed Star line steamer Belgenland. From Phil- adelphia the Indians will go to New York. Prior to their for the west will visit Washington and call open President” Bare MUSEUM OF HYGIENE An Institution About Which People Generally Know Very Little, HOW THE PLAN ORIGINATED. Ex-Surgeon General Wales First Pro- posed the Scheme, and It is Now an Important Attachment of the Navy Department, —_———___ EALTH seems to be very generally for- gotten by the average American, with his rapid life, his necessity for making the day a few hours longer than it really is and all of his other qualities of speed and activity. He would appear to have forgotten the fact that he has a body that needs attention quite as much as his purse needs replenishing, and, although he is not at all loth to ge to a physician when he is ill, and even though he shows a proper amount of pre- caution as to the simpler rules of daily life, to his proper temperature, and, in a few isolated cases, his food, yet he is as a race totally ignorant of the application other than for the making of money of the rules of what is called “hywiene” to himself and his surroundings. This thing, hygiene, seems to be a sort of bug bear, confounded only too often with long bills and patent medicines, quite misunderstood by the masses of the people, and indeed feared in many quarters as something mysteriously dan- gerous and possibly contagious, It is nota disease, it is not a system of banting or anti- lean, it is not a course of training with acon- sequent starvation diet, it is not even a school of medicine. It is simply the study of how to teach men to lead cleaner, purer, more health- ful lives, amid less dangerous surroundings nd in the least injurious of atmospheres. it 18, to quote from the work of a person named Webster, who once wrote one of the largest volumes ever published with a sworn circula- tion of countless thousands, “that department of medical science which treats of the preser- vation of health, a system of principles or rules designed for the promotion of health.” THE GODMOTHER OF THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH, ‘The Greeks had among their dicties a god- ess, who has the honor of being the godmother of this science, by the name of Hygiea, a most delightful individual, if the portraits of her in the old fashion plates that are still to be seen in the mythological blue-books are at all accu- rate. There are conflicting reports extant as to her exact relations with our old friend, Dr. Esculapius, some folks inclining to the belief that sho was his daughter, while others, proba- bly her colleagues in the church sewing so- ciety, stoutly maintained that she was his wife, Atall events, she has the rank of founder of one of the most valuable branches of science that has ever been pursued and developed. There isa fine line of demarkation between medicine proper and hygiene that indicates very clearly as soon as it is well understood exactly what is included by the latter. Medi- cine tries tocure when hygiene has been so far disregarded as to cause disease, while, con- versely, hygiene is doing its best all the time to keep medicine out of practice, That is to say, without hyperbole, that bygiene is the study of how to ward off physical troubles that can be prevented, of how to live, how to build, how to dress, how to eat and, toa minor de- gree, what to eat, No, it would perhaps be well to correct the latter statement by mak- ing it read, what not to eat, and also what not to drink, The latter has no relation with any of the current temperance problems that are worry- ing the community, but refers solely to the original beverage, water, Bad water is the bane of man, and it is to the end of finding out just what waters are bad that HYGIENE WAS BEEN DEVELOPED. These few statements have been made simply in order to introduce to the readers of Tuz Srax an institution of which probably over 99 percent of Washingtonians are quite unac- quainted, and yet which could easily be made one of the most useful schools of practical in- struction, This is the museum of hygiene, a branch of the medical service of the navy, that has been in existence in this city for about eight years without having become known ex- cept toa very few persons. Indeed, 60 isolated is this establishment, in reputation only, how- ever, that the mention of its name immediately causes the inquiry: ‘Why, I never heard of it, Where is it?” ‘The answer to the question should be a boon to every man or woman who is thinking of building a house, every person who imagines that he is being voisoned by sewer gas or other domestic venom, every architect, every lumber, every student of the chemistry of Fite, every physician, every housekeeper think- ing of buying new wall papers or new floor coverings. In fact, there 18 scarcely a branch of the whole round of human existence thet is not affected by the line of study that is being carried on at this museum. It is located on New York avenue, a few doors west of 17th street, and just beyond the State, War and Navy Department building, in a well-preserved brick structure, painted drab, four stories high. Here also is the naval medical dis- pensary, but THE TWO ARE ENTIRELY DISTINCT, In the year 1882 Dr. Philip 8. Wales con- ceived the idea of establishing a branch of the naval medical service, of which he was then the head, wherein investigations could be con- ducted into matters relating directly to the health of the navy as regards hygieno and its ramifications. There had been numerous cases where the health of officers and men on shore stations had been sadly injured by impure waters; again, where there were suspicions that coloring matters were being used in the uni- forms supplied to the service which were in- jurious, and many other problems were to be solved that required a special plant and a corps of trained workers, Accordingly an order was issued from the department creating the museum of hygiene, which was located in the same building as the dispensary at the corner of 18th and G streets, Here, ina siall space and unprovided with facilities for work, was started the institution that today offers won- derful opportunities for original research into the questious of life and that possesses natural advantages that are unequaled except, per- haps, in the metropolis. A MUSEUM OF HYGIENE, In his circular calling atteation to the pros- pectus of the museum—for which Congress, in 1882, appropriated £7,500—Dr, Wales said: “The plan, briefly described, comprehends a collection that shall be illustrative of the entire | rauge of sanitary science, the establishment of | a course of lectures by authoritative sanitarii | from all sections of the country and a library | of sanitary science accessible, under proper re- strictions and guarantees, to all who are en- gaged in the study of this branch of knowledge, } This library already numbers many of the standard sanitary works in the English, French aud German languages and is constantly in- creasing.” a ‘An excellent idea of the scope that it was in- tended to give the museum, and, indeed, in a very accurate degree that of the present day institution, may be obtained from the schedule | of topics set forth in the first circular as being the general plan of the enterprise: A.—DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND CoM- Fort. Class 1.—Local Hygieue.—Sub-class 1.—Soil @. Geological and physical character of local: ties. bv. Thermality, c. Permeability by gases and water. d Micro-organisms, Sub-class 2—Atmosphere: a. Chemical com- position. b, Abnormal constituents—chemical, microscopical. c. Physical properties—bu- midity, heat, electricity, wi weight, Bub-class 3.—Architecture: a, Dwellings, 0, Hospitals, medical establishments, infirmarios, asylums, homes, almshouses, c. Buildings for educational purposes, refuges, reformatories, d, Schools of all degrees, and their equipment, ¢. Factories, laboratories (chemical, powder, fireworks), metallurgic works, workshops, /f, Vaults, morgues, mortuaries, burial of the dead and cremation. g. Movable dwelling: tents, shelters. h, Materials of construction, devices, « Walls, prevention of the rise of damp throngh foundations and walls, k, Cel- lars, surface drainage. 4 Wood floors for use without carpets. m. Fireproof construction. n, Ventilation, 0, Heating; grates, stoves, furnaces, steam, hot water. p. Fixtures and fittings connected with water supply. g. Drain- age; disy of refuse and excreta, r, Defec- tive and ill-constructed ps, pipes and sani- etd pparatus of various kinds. s. Materials t Texs bel Soy SF wall = Y axrangements, u. Floor, ani ceiling coverings; tiles. v. Household furni- ture, showiug sanitary advantages and defects, the harboring of ww. pipensce ger ek avoid dust, z: 101 effiuy or vermin, = Culinary Stennis and oinie requisites from a yo x D.C SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 1. 1890— \ J. Food supply, markets, dairies, ter houses, hotels, restaurants. g. Sterm, tric and horse railroads, A Water > tion. Sub-class 5.—Ships, war, merehant, yachts: a. Heating and ventilating. ». Living accom- modations. c. Quarters for sick. Class 2—Pereonal Hygiene.—Sub-class 6— Clothing: To include maierials, processes and fabrics. a. Specimens of fabrics used for clothing. with statements of their relative power of resistance to absorption or transmission of heat, their relative flexibility, durability, fast or fugitive color, &c. %, Body garments pro- viding against cold, rain, dry or damp heat, dust and attacks of insects. ‘¢. India rubber, gutta percha and other waterproois, d Head and foot coverings, ¢ Mulitary, maval and in- dustrial costumes, Sub-class 7.—Food: a. Food supplied by the animal kingdom. b. Food supplicd by the veg- etable kingdom. ¢, Secreted and extracted pro- ducts, d. Condiments, e. Narcotics and mas- ticatories. f. Beverages anddrinks. g. Micro- scopic preparations illustrative of genuine and adulterated food articles. A. Culinary science and dietaries. i, Military and naval rations. . Personal regimen—exercise. 4 Special by- giene of professional occupations. B.—DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SAVING AND PRE- SERVING. Sub-class 8.—Public Hygiene: a. Life saving from fire. }. Protection against lightning. c. Protection against inundations, d Protection against explosions. ¢, Protection against acci- dents in submarine works, f. Protection against accidents in mines. g. Safety appli- ances in traveling on fand. % Safety app! ances in traveling on water. 4 Prevention of | the accidents, 1ujuries and diveases incident to | industrial employment. &. Prevention of con- tagious diseases. 4 Attondanco to persons wounded in war—ambulances, cots, litters and | other apparatus, m, Attendance to persons accidentaily injured in peaceful pursuits, n. Fragments of exploded boilers, heaters, tube: &e., damaged by pressure, frost, acids, scal: and other deposits, _ D.—Department of Literature and Draw- inge.—Works of reference. pamphlets, reports, &c., pertaining to the foregving classification; views, plans, designs, maps, charts, iliustra- tions, &, A LIBRARY ON HYGIENE, Among the first efforts of the founder was to collect a library on hygiene that would be the equal of any in tho United States, and from a few books and periodicals ho has succeeded in th i bringing together over 16,000 volumes, without duplicates, touching upon all topics aud em- bracing in an incomplete, but rapidly aug- menting collection, the heaith and progress of hygienic study in each state, as represented in the annual health reports and other similar public documents, ‘The value of this library is shown every day in the references that are made to it by those outside taking an interest in the subject aud also in the use made of it by the officers on duty in the museum. There is quite a large collection on the sec- ond fioor of the museum that should form a useful object lesson to all Washingtonian housebuilders and householders, Here are contained all sorts of things that relate to man and his coverings and surroundings. There is ascertain tinge of the naval investigations yet to be seen, @ suspicion of @ flavor of the salt air of the sea, but the general character of the work has been gradualiy changed, so that in- stead of being exclusively a service institution it is devoted to all mankind, whether or not it is of the sort that goes down to the sea in ships, Down stairs there is a neat waiting room or parlor, which is jointly used with the dis- pensary, but which belongs to the musoum, containing several charts relating to the study of mushrooms and other such foods, two or three groups of portraits of distinguished medical men, the handsome bronze tabiet de- signed to perpetuate tue memory of Surgeon Atmbler, who was lost during one of the ill-fated arctic explorations, and # curiously shaped piece of furniture that seems to be composed mainly of a hole through the center, In the hands of one who knows how to manipulate it tins contrivance becomes # compiete micro- scopic panorama of some of the odd and dangerous little animals that have a habit of living simply, It would seem, for the purpose of annoying man and keeping his death rate up to the Loghest point, besides giving trouble to census enumerators. Here, on large glass slides, are nearly fifty of the most common bacteria and other such minute elements of dis- ease enlarged aa incredible number of times and so arranged that one can be seen at a time by a certain movement of the large wooden frames, DR. WALES IN CHARGE. The museum is at present appropriately in charge of ex-Surgeon General Wales, who e: tered upon the duty ashort time ago. It is his determination to develop the institution to a higher plane of usefulness than it now occu- pies, by securing lectures on popular and scie: tific heaith topics from men of recognized au- thority and skill, by obtaining a larger and hence more efticient force of assistants, and by getting together a fund for the necessary ex- penses of conducting valuable scientific re- searches and investigations, as well as of the publication from time to time of pamphlets and monographs containing the resuits of the work, printed in such a form that they will serve as guid? books of health to the populace, His office is in the second story, a bright, sun- lit room, in which are several interesting models and exhibits. One of these is A GROUP OF BURIAL APPLIANCES— for hygiene has to do with the dead as well as the living—such asa stone casket filled with the cherred remains of some noble Roman, or possibly they maybe the relics of an entire family. It seems that the Cesars and their neighbors, on both sides of time, had a habit of burning corpses and the grayish, chalky- looking fragments in the urn are the calcined bones that held human flesh centuries ago. ! The top aud Fides are beautifully ornamented | and the whole is quite a work ofart. On the same table is @ sort of miniature circus ring, inclused by » high fence and approached by an inverted toboggan slide. This is a Parsee burying ground, inside of which are three symmetrically arranged rows of niches around a ceniral hole or pit into which the bones of the departed are thrown after the vultures, which perch on the high encompass- ing walis, have picked them, The outer circle is for males, the second one for females and the inner circle is for children, with the niches of @ corresponding size, Small drains lead down the slope which forms the floor of this gruesome ampithcatcr, for the purpose of car- rying into the central pit the fluids of the bodies, A CREMATORY MODEL, Asa fitting compliment to this interesting tableful of graveyards another corner of the room contains » working model of a crematory made of iron, in which it is possible to reduce to a dust the bodies of any small enimals. Rats that have ventured into the traps of the mu- seum have here been calcined, in order to demonstrate the practicability of t em of Standing on the floor ront of is an interesting exhil of plumb- ing, showing that all that glitters is not gold, in sanitary mechanics as well asin other mat- mens of lead joining showing the futility of an inspection of lead joints that stops short of cutting the pipe open are shown, neatly fastened toa board and labeied *Defect- ive Bath and Basin Connections.” ‘The joints are well made as regards their outside, smooth and clean, well wrapped and soldered, but the cross cut that laid them open showed them to be very faulty, Large drops of solder had been allowed to get inside of the joint until the pipe opening was over half obscured. In one in- stance the inch of space wax reduced to that of & goose quill, Soch plumbing, of course, means a gradual damming 3p of the drainage through the stoppage of the sediment con- tained in the water and, finally, the closing of the pipe—and typhoid fever. In another corner of the roomisan apparatus for disinfecting material that has been exposed to the germs of fevers, &c. This is done b: running the goods into a metal box fitted wit! steam pipes, Either heat alone or the fumes of disinfectants are used, THE ASSISTANT’S OFFICE. Across the ball is the office of Dr. Wales’ as- sistant, Dr. Howard E. Ames of the naval med- ical corps, who was but recently ordered to duty at the museum to relieve Dr. Griffith, well known here as an expert amateur pho- tographer. Dr. Ames is an enthusiast on the subject of hygiene, and ae upon the development of the museum, which he thinks can be wade of great value to the community. He is kept very busy in all parts of the bnil ing, picking up one line of work only to be in- terrupted by some other duty. With two more men like Dr. Ames, untiring and skill! the museum could soon take pi of the most important institutions of its —— in the country. It was he who piloted a Stak reporter among all of the curious and interesting objects that crowd the museum. It would take columns to tell of all the valua- bject lessons jee Sao lee tad at Foop EXHIBITS, ‘There are several shelves that contain noth- ing but foods, canned, dried, medicinal and all sorts. A study bas been made in tinned goods to indicate whether or not they have fermonted since the closing of the cans, and certain rules have been formulated for the detection of iled food, such as looking at the bottom of Cam to see if it has been “reprocessed,” is, whether a secoud hole has been punche: through the tin and soldered up, or if the en: are bulged, then look with suspicion on the contents, A good deal of doubt has been cast through the investigations upon the popular theory that all canned ds are dangerous, and it has been learned that the dealers are using sufficiently good materials, both vege- table and metal, to insure safety h reason- 2ble precautions on the part of the consumer. On one of these sheives isacan of pemmi- can t was prepared for use on the Jeannette expedition that is quite wholesome and a box of bread th: 3 considerable age, but which, notwithstanding the presence of a large number Of small weevil holes is still pal- atal BAD SEWER PIPES. In one series of cases is a collection of bad sewer pipes showing many faults that are com- mon in plumbing, as well as some natural and | Unnatural accidents, For instance, there is one large lead pipe that has been perforated by rate gnawing their way to water. A con- course of tho most learned scientific men of | London sat for days discussing whether such a thing could happeu, and here is an undeni example, Another lead pipe has been pe forated in several places by holes ¢ domoustrated to have been made by ants, In the less meationable but quite as important branches of eauitary science there is a lar display—working models of all of proved household appliances that ca: be named, so that persons desiring practical information as to the best makes cau easily be accommodated, There is also a very complete serice of Isbora- tories upstairs on the fourth floor, a photo- graphic dark room, a set of phy: rgical ay paratus that is one of the most complete in the country, a chemical laboratory, fitted with every convenience, and @ microscope room, in which some valuable results are obtained, And in spite of all this plant the cry goes up from the people of Washington, “Where is it?” : —sbe- NEW PUBLICATIONS. INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LIGHTIS Practical Description of the Edison System. By L. H. Latiuex, New York: D. Van Nos trand &Co. Washington: Wm. Ballantyne & A HISTORY OF ENGLAND IN THE EIGHT. EENTH CENTURY. By Wiisam Eowakp Haxtrore Leckey. Volume Vil. New York: D. Appleton & Co. Washington: Robert Beall. THE SLOANE SQUARE NDAL, and Other Stories. By ANNig THOMAS (Mrs. Te! lip), author of “Shat Other Woman,” exc., ete. New Yori: United states Book Co. AS OF LIFE. By Groro= R. Srvs, author ‘ales of ‘o-day,” “Lichtsof London,” Authorized Edition, New York: Lnited States Book Co. MONTAGUE. Philad BETW: LIFE AND DEATH. PRANK Bal RETT, author of “Kit Wyndhaia,” New York: United states book Co. THE HOUSE OF HALLIWELL. By Mra, HExnY Woon, author of “Fast Lynne,” ete. ete. York: Untied States Book Co. A BLACK BUSINESS. By Hawiey Smarr, author of “Without Love or License,” etc., et. New York: United States book Co. RUFFINO, and Other Stories, By Ort, author of sete. ete. New Lork: THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF JOSEPH JEFFER- SON, New York: The Century Co. Washing- ton: Robert Beall EK BROWNIE BOOK, By Pauwer Co: New York: ‘The Century Co. Washingto: Robert Bea) THE LADY FROM THE SEA, and Other Pl by Hennik Ipsen, New York: United Stak book Co. THE DEMAGOGUE. A Political Novel. By Davip Ross Locks (“Nasby"”). Boston: Lee & Shep- ard. BABYLAND, FOR 1890, Edited by the Editors of “Wide Awake.” Boston: D. Lothrop & Co. WAS IT A PISTOL? A Nut for Lawyers. Wash- ington; Rufus H. Darby. The publication of a new, revised and en- larged edition of the Webster Dictionary— under the appropriate title, “Webster's Inter- national Dictionary”—is a literary event of more than common interest; for, notwith- standing the new aspirants to public favor in | v that direction, Webster is still recognized as the people's favorite in the ficlds of spe ing, pronunciation and definition. That feature which will first strike favor- ably the every day consultcr of tho work is the disappearance of the supplement of former editions—the material wiich made up that importans addition having been prop- erly placed in the body of the book. But there are other improvements hardiy less striking and important. In buik the vol has been increased, both in the size and number of its peges; many new words have been added, seemed justified by their value and the den of the times; the uumber of illustrations, both in the text and the appendix, has been in- | fuller creased; the definitions have been mad where amplifications seemed neces: sirable; but at the same time the ol cellent principle of compactness has be ed throughout, the editors and publishe ely keeping in view the needs of busy peo- ple who demand precise information by the shortest routcs, Those who have read the autobiography of | Joe Jefferson, as it appeared in The Century, | will be glad to find it complete in the handsome volume in which it now eppears, and those | who have not enjoyed it on the instalment plan have a rare treat in store. ‘Lhe typograpliy of the volume is “good fer sore eyes,” as the old saying used to go, and it is enriched by many teresting portraits that did not appear iu the magazine publication. The edition noted above supplies the lack of @ suitable commentary upon Cicero's interest- ing letters, ‘The labors of editor and commen- tator are ably and admirably performed by Mr. | A. P, Montague, professor of Latin in Colum- bian University, of | thi Shall We Have Warming Pans Again? From the Cincinnati Commercial Gazette, There is an old-time institution that ought to be revived, and that is the warming pan. One authority says that, according to medical protest against damp or cold beds, warming pans should come into fashion again. One medical writer says: “Not only the guest but the family often suffer the penalty of sleeping an cold rooms -and chilling their bodies at a time when they need all their bodily heat by getting between cold sheets, Even in warm summer weather a cold, damp bed will get in its deadly work. It is a needless peril and the negiect to provide dry rooms and beds has in it the elements of murder and suicide.” —Peo- ple crawl into the chilly sheets and spend half an hour in “getting the bed warm,” when the warming pan would put them into a cozy bed that would give them warmth instead of taking it from them, We look to see the warming pan en —— ——+00_____ Adapting a Weapon. etc., etc. | HOW TO BE A FROG MAN, A Few Hints From a Contortionist Ree garding the Secrets ef His Business. THEORY was long age advanced and has since Deen accepted as the truth by many distin- guished anatomiste that man and the frog are cousins—that is to say, they are both descended from & common ances tral stock. Atall event, there is an astonishing similarity of structure between the twe ani- mal So remarkable ts this likeness, indeed, ra v2 Qe? that the betrachian is commonly dissected for the purpose of instructing etadents ef medicine in the physical structure of the human being. ‘Thus is afforded to the novice in physiology am opportunity for observing the circulation of the blood, the lesa complicated operations of the nervous sysiom, the action of the muscles phenomena exhibited just as boman brain from the study Of that organ in the fro, . been fairly convinced of p of frog and man who saw the | astonishing exhibition given recently by a per- | former dressed up in imitation of a large groem | ball croakor. Doubtices thre were cctwal | batrachiane before doinge as big as th iu fact, it 18 80 averred by pal jociste, | all events he looked so exactly like » trog that, if he had jumped out of a real pond out in the | Woods instead of an imitation one om the stage, you would have made not the slightest quee- tion that he was the king of ail the frogs ) Yery truth and have run away as fast as yo jcould, As far as all appearances went he was a frog, hix attitudes being precisely such a8 a frog assumes, though « human being is not ordinarily able to get into them. ‘That was, tp fact, the secret of the performance, the actor being a professional contortionist and having adapted his art to this particular form of ex- hibition, Hold up a live frog by its hands and you will see that the likencss ef its conforma- tion to that of maa is very much more striki than when it 1s seated, because it ite in a posi- tion that a common human being cannot assume. But when the contortionist took the | frog attitade he wa afrog to all seeming. | Maving exhibited his ability to look like a frog, the performer proceeded to introduce the ontortion features ef bis part. Mounting Upon a two-quart tomato can, which is just like | i tomato can, only double the which are more or less f . the business | of keeping the equipoixe while twisting bim- | self so wonderfully being the most remarkable . | feature of the exibition, WONDERFUL PLIABILITE, “Tt took me one year,” he said to ® repre- sentative of ‘Time Stam, “to learn that balancing business after I had become entirely proficient eveated upon th of the double tomato can Iamreally suffering very much, inasmuch as I must go through what would be to them such pai wh: a ul contortions eeping my equi- a ki 1 oasis, But the fact is that, through practice jin the pertormance, I have come to be as | comfortable on top of | that tomato can while ‘doing my act as ig I = | we | Clay in an easy chair snokin a o-cont hienry | The great point that should be aimed at yart is There are plenty of pro- fessional contortionists in these days; but there | are mighty few first-rate ones, Aman pute his leg around the back of his neck and he thinks ho is a ceutortionist, Yet he may be entirely helpless in that attitude, Though I may be twined into a double bow knot I have perfect j control of my muscles, For example, my most | dificult trick is to throw one leg over my | head. get the foot well under my other arm, | and pull the leg down behind the small of my In that position I can jump farther my one leg that is free than I cam with legs together in the ordinary way, owing, ose, to the leverage I get Irom the leg c in behind my back, However, 1 very rarely do | that particular act nowadays, because I found | that it was ing my back. When I caught | cold it would setie inthe muscles that were strained and I would tee! it, NOW TO LEARN, “Another trick that I very rarely attemp nowadays for the same reason is that of hanging froma horizontal bar by my hands and tarn- ing round and round backwards between my arms, It necessiiates a disie m of the shoulder blades that 16 not conduciveto health, But as 1 was about to remark, « contortionsss, though to become great, he aust be born, cam | be made in an ordiuary way out of any boy of twelve yeors. From #ix to twelve ia at which siudy should begin. A gen- eratien ago boys were regularly prenticed to the contortionist’s trade, just ux if it were blacksmithing or car- lp n it was customary then for an | expert to half a dozen youths, perbaps, im charge and yave them regular instruction antal they wore nipped for business, Lut now | tus system is uo longer followed and the result is that this couutry there are very few really capable wen in the business, those who pursue it being for the most part self-taught wud madequiely rained. ‘Ther performance is devoid of the essential grace and fuwb, You will notice that every motion I make on the stage responds to the music that accompanies me and to the sentiment which the music em presses, SIX TEARS’ STUDY NECESSARY, “In lesrning to be « contortionist the boy | should first be taught to ‘make the crab’—thas sto suy, lean over backward until be is sup- ported by his hends and fect only, Next he must acquire the ability, while in this attitude, to lift his feet over iis head until they touc! | the ground again, thus muking a second arch with his body face downward. From this point on he must go through years of cxercises with various part of bis body, chiefly the legs, te increase their stretching power. For instance, day atter day he must practice grasping his jankie with his band and extending his foot | outward and upward toward his head as far as | possible. Gradually he will be, abie to stretch the limb farther and farther in this way untdl | the limit of ats pliability isreached. When this | is wecomplished with both lege the pupil can | givea far exhibition in contortion, for they | are the members that do the business. How- ever, there are many things to be acquired be- yond this, and six years’ stady is not too much | to render the student thoroughly capable. The theory of the thing is that by such exercise as I have described two results are accom- | plished—the muscles arc rendered more elastio and the tendons are made longer. Practice laying your hand upon the table at an carly age and bending a finger backward. It will be found that the finger can be almost doubled upon the back of the hand after a while, the tendon being sufiiciently lengthened to make this possible. The same principle applies to contortion feats in general. ‘bere are more good contortionists in Lurope than there are on this side of the water, because they are bet ter trained. LEARNING TO BE 4 FROG. “My imitation of the frog is the result of