Evening Star Newspaper, August 10, 1889, Page 9

FROM A SMALL BEGINNING. The Phenomenal Growth of the Na- . tional Government. ‘RoW OFFICIAL MATTERS WERE CONDUCTED NEARLY 4 CENTURY AGO—TRANSFER OF OFFICIALS AND ey ARCHIVES FROM PHILADELPHIA To wasutxo- | Peggy, gained much TON—WHERE THE FIRST BUILDINGS WERE LOCATED—STREETS THROUGH TOBACCO FIELDS. “I write this letter in the building erected for the use of the Treasury department in the city of Washington, and this being a day of leisure I shall be able to give you some ideaof this famous place, the permanent seat of American government.” These words were penned eighty-nine years ago, on the 4th of July, by Mr. Oliver Wolcott, then but recently Secretary of the Treasury, in a letter to his wife. The removal of the government from Phila- delphia had been effected in June, and his description of the city, so often quoted, gives a vivid picture of the meagerness of official life and surroundings at that day. The building referred to was a two-story structure of brick and stone, with an attic and basement, and contained thirty rooms. It was locate southeast of the White House, onthe site of the enormous building which now is found in- adequate to accommodate the entire clerical force of the department. The roll of employes ofthe Treasury office at that time contained some seventy-five names. The contrast with the present afforded by this glimpse into the brings out, with all the effect of strong bt and shadows, the wonderful growth of this government. It is a matter of regret that Bo complete accountof the removal of the gov- ernment from Philadelphia hax been preserved, The slightest details would now be of interest. However, efforts to supply this omission have not been wanting. It is noticeable that the tendency on the part of nearly all in —— of this event is to pack the governmen effects into very small and very few boxes, and to reduce the official house- hold to the lowest reasonable limits, for the same reason, probably, that influenc individuals who have attained wealth and posi- tion to exaggerate the poverty and difficulties that surrounded their early years. Perbaps the account which is most generally quoted is that which appeared some years ago in an ar cle in Harper's Magazine in the early history of Washington. The writer, in referring to the Femoval of the government to Washington, states,that it was not ‘a very formidable trans- ee oldest inhabitant assures me,” he hat a single packet sloop brought all the office furniture of the departments, be- sides the ‘seven large boxes and four or five smaller ones,’ which contained the archives of the government. Fifty-four persons, compris- ing the President, Secretaries and the clerical force chose their own method of conveyance.” ‘This bill of lading, as it might be termed, is mot complete. “The Oldest Inhabitant” was evidently a patriot, and if the occasion de- manded he would no doubt have as readily asserted that all the archives of the govern- ment were brought to the city in carpet bags by the various cabinet officers. The govern- Ment had then been in existence over ten years, and had succeeded to that of the confederacy. ‘The accumulation of material and records must therefore have been considerable. But, fortu- nately, there was an eye-witness of the arrival at the new city of the government property. His brief account has come down to us. Chris- tian an old and respected citizen of Washington, published in 1866 a small volume giving his recollections of the early days of the capital city. His keen and tenacious memory enabled to recall events and scenes as far back as the year 1797, when he was about fif- teen years ofage. His account of the removal is as follows: NOT QUITE 80 INSIGNIFICANT. “About this time—1800—the seat of govern- ment was removed from Philadelphia to Wash- ington city. The vessels in which was brought the furniture, &c., landed and discharged their cargoes at Lear's wharf, and as the vessels were unladen their contents were carted away to the War and Treasury offices, the only two that were built at the time. Some of the furniture was stored away in the stone ware house and ai taken away in wagons, it being too bulky to be removed in carts. Wagons §were Father ecarce in Washington then, and our cart was 4, with others, in removing the Boxes o! ks, papers, &c. I still remember that many of the boxes were marked Joseph Nourse, register.” The accuracy of this description seems to be confirmed byother evidence. For instance an appropriation of 46,923 was expended in the year 1800 to defray, in the language of the act, “the necessary expense of sudh removal.” If all the government archives and the office furniture was transported in a single packet sloop and there were only fifty-four employes ‘the cost of the removal must be c! as one of the most extravagant in the history of the tng of the War office, as many of the employes as possible were quartered there. The practice of renting buildings was then begun. The War office at occupied a three-story house on the south side of Pennsylvania avenue, between 2ist and 22d sfreets, nearly opposite to the hotel Wm. O’Neale, whose ter, notoriety during J 's istration. In that ing was also located the general Post Office and the city Post office. The occupation of this was brief. BURNING OF THE POST OFFICE BUILDING. On the night of November 8, 1800, a defect- ive flue in the adjoining house caused a fire which totally destroyed the building and the records, The War office building was by that time sufficiently completed and the department took refuge there. ¢ rooms, however, were shared with the officials connected with the State and Navy departments. The General Post office and the city post office were also quartered in the same building, and the War Office was the center of a large Lape eee of the public executive business. As the service expanded, which it did gradually from the re- organization of the government, private build- ings were rented to supply the demand for ad- ditional rooms. e was much complaint about the scanty quarters, but it was not until some seventeen or eighteen years later that re- lief afforded by the erection of two build- ings. similar in design, directly north of the two already erected. They were known as the War and State department buildings, STREETS THROUGH TOBACCO FIELDS. During the nine years that had elapsed since the site of the new capital city had been selected Washington had acquired a population of some 8,500 soule. Through the tobacco plantations had been opened an there had been removed. About the Capi the President's house, in the vicinity of Georgetown and Greenleaf’s point a few houses had been erected. The Commissioners of the District in a communication to President Jef- femsor. stated that on May 15, 1800, there were 109 brick houses in the city and 263 frame houses. The removal of the government had given an impetus tothe building operations juring the following year, and 8 brick houses and 151 frame houses were completed. In ad- dition the Commissioners report that there were 79 brick houses and 35 frame houses in an unfinished condition, making a grand total be 721 houses in the city on the 15th of Novem- er, 1801, +00 Written for Tax EVENING STAR. FARM AND GARDEN. Something About the Seeds of Flowers, Fruits, and Grains. The excessive moisture of this summer has done considerable mischief in connection with seed production. A great deal of the seed will prove very infertile if collected, and one should be very careful in selecting, either for home use or for the market, the seeds of flowers, fruits or grains. Excessive wet or drought are the two chief difficulties to be en- government. While the force of employes was small, ridiculously so in comparison with the army of 15,000 men and women now in the ser- vice of the government in the city of Washing- ton alone, still the personnel of the government and its effects were not so insignificant as has been represented. From the records the num- ber of officials at different periods can be ascer- ‘tained. THE FIRST BLUE BOOK ‘was printed in the year 1792 It appeared in ‘the form of s congressional document and it shows that the employes in the government de- partments, then at Philadelphia, numbered 134, ‘exclusive of the heads of the departments. The Navy de ent was not then in existence and the General Post Office, with Timothy Pick- ering as Postmaster General, is put down as having made no returns. The next Blue Book was sent to Congress by President Jefferson on February 12, 1802, and the number of depart- ment employes are given at 126. The civil List, including as it did the custom, internal and other officials of the government in various parts of the country, covered a good), bumber of of the folic volumes in whic! the record bas come down to us. ‘THE SALARY ACCOUNT. ‘The total amount paid in salaries. to official residing at the capital and connected with the executive branch of the government was in 1790—941,868. In 1795 the salary account had imereased to $71,907, and when the transfer was made to Washington the pay roll amounted to $125,881. The salary of the President, which was then $25,000, is not included in these emounts. The Secretaries of State and of the Treasury in the year 1800 received 25,0000 ear each and the Secretary of War and the javy @4.500 each, and their salaries form a part of the salary accountas given above. The salaries of the clerks reached the highest point in an annual amount of about $1,350, while many were not paid more than €700. In 1792 the average salary paid to clerks was $500, but about the time of the removal to Washi a was an increase in the scale of salaries, so that while the number of the clerical employes at the seat of govern- ment was ebout the same in the year asin 1792 the total amount paid for clerical service had increased by some $80,000. At the earlier period it was the custom to employ clerks for & portion of the year only, which partly sc- counts for the large rotland the expendi- ture as com with that of the year 1400, The employes for the first year in the new city were apportioned among the departments as follows: State department, 8 clerks. Treasury department, 75 clerks, divided as follows: Sec- retary’s office, 6 clerks; controller, 13; auditor, 13; treasurer, 4; commissioner of revenue, 5; register, 18; superintendent of 10; mis- cellaneous, 5. War department, 17. Navy de- —— 16. Postmaster General, 10. Total, ‘TEE GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS. The accommodations prepared for this force of officials were two brick buildings, each two stories high, with basement and aitie. The House and like the treasury building, to which it was similar : design, contained rooms. Both buildings were enlerged in later room for the west wing of splendid pile which now ‘State, War and Navy departments. at itty i | countered in seed growing; but fortunately for the ordinary farmer and gardener he does not have to make his own col- lection of seeds. Reliable seedsmen can be found now where the best seeds can be procured. Still, every cultivator of the soil saves a few seeds of some choice variety of _— and others depend upon their own seeds ‘or nearly all of their — It should be re- membered by those that it takes a long sum- mer to enable most plants to perfect their seed crop, and a short summer or inclement weather will often make all of the labor involved abor- tive. A week or two of very wet weather will rob most seeds of their fertility and make them unfit for planting. In gathering the seeds this Year a close examination of the seeds and pods should be made, All pods that have become unduly enlarged by the wet should be rejected. Those that have damp moulds or black, decay- ing spots on their under side should likewise be pulled off and destroyed. Shriveled pods are also unsuitable, POD AND SEED. If the pod appears all right outside the seed inside is generally good, but after a long wet spell of weather the seeds in perfect pods are sometimes worthless. So much much moisture has been absorbed by the that the seeds become bloated and infertile. When the water evaporates they will either shrivel up or begin | a to decay. Such a season as this every pod should be burst open on one end and the seeds inside i eted. If they are soaked with water, a little mouldy or full of tiny black on it is useless to save them. Accept only those that are perfectly sound. It usually takes two or three years to recover from the effects of one bad season for seed luction, for a great deal of poor seed will be put on the market the following spring. Too much care- fulness in this direction cannot be taken, not simply by the gardeners but by the seed grow- ers as well. Seed may be scarce and dear next spring but that isall the more reason why only the best should be purchased. A. B, Banaerr. Gooseberries as Shrubs and Fruit. Owing to mildew successful cultivation of the gooseberry is very difficult in sections of the east. The bushes grow vigorously, and they also blossom and set fine crops of fruit; but latter become covered with « thick brown mil- dew or scurf when they are scarcely a quarter grown. If the beauty of the fruit is desired more than quantity, the fruit should be thinned out after the berries have attained considerable size, leaving only the finer fruits on the bush; If the roots are kept cool and moist b: methods suggested and the fruits thinned ont, fine gooseberries may be grown. The bushes then can be trained so as to be ornamental as well as useful as producers. The fine large berries rij in the sun will only en- ic hem Oy pr — oe) pee for ornamenta! as well as for files should Uo teed around theit roots instead of salt-hay or sea-weed. If grown as a shrub trim it out down to the main stem, Fromage off all the superfluous young shoots, object is to make only one stem, which will makea compact, ornameftal shrub or bush. Training the bushes on a lattice-work or espaller is also beneficial to bushes, and a work which allows the display of considerable taste and genius. Gxzo. Witaon. Border for Apricots. If apricots are planted closer together than peaches they are not so liable to perish from sunstroke, their own branches making a shade that protects them fromthe heat. The dis- tance should be from 18 to 20 feet, and dwarfs may be planted even closer, In training and pruning the apricots it should be remembered that it fruits upon the new shoots and upo: the spurs of the preceding year, It is thus a dual bearer, and 4 differe: be made for it than for th be made for the young of for the new spurs of this, done success! oy confining the a ww well-balanced re" framework branches a Fibe, ‘This_is to ‘beep a good’ eapply of nat ribs, is cep a eu year’s growth bearing. The tntermediate Space xe See ee in with young shoots, will give the t one can will bear t from a tree. to the square foot bulk of the The young shoots keep too much of last year's gro young spurs need constant and re- pinching during their agg growth in order to prevent waste of force, one stops ” trains thinly and allows all his togo, winter with the knife needed to any extent 8. W. Among the Orchard Trees. During August and September one should not forget to look around the base of the trees for borers. Kill them this yearend prevent « rapid multiplication of them next spring. Take s not be i Sealine i Written for Tax EVEwine Stat. HOW IT FEELS TO RIDE A RACE. Several Leading Jockeys Talk of the Novel Sensations. SEVERAL CURIOUS INCIDENTS—J. M'LAUGHLIN, @EORGE TATION, SXAPPER GARRISON AND W. DONORUE NEARLY ALL OBLIVIOUS TO EVERY- TRING WHILE RIDING IN RACES. (Copyrighted.) “Look out, that horse has bolted.” “If he were in the race there would be none that could run with him.” The horse that caused the excitement-was one of Hon. Wm. L. Scott's two-year-olds, It was a fine-looking colt and went down the back stretch like a flash, The other horses that were being exer- eised on the Monmouth Park track were and trainers in order that no accident could happen to them by the runaway running into them. The boy on the two-year-old tugged and pulled at the reins but it was no good. The horse had the bit in his teeth, he was full of running end would run until he choose to stop. He swung round the far turn the three- quarter pole. The boy was at the reins. He was leaning back in the saddle, the reins were twisted round each wrist. His head was thrown back and his mouth was wide open. The horse swung into the stretch and came along like s race horse. He shot past the judge's stand. “One thirteen and a half” said an old turf- man who had looked at his watch. “Fast enough to win a good race.” The colt then slackened his pace and allowed himself to be caught. He had: fancied that he wasinarace. As the trainer caught him b the bridle the boy reeled in the ‘aatlle and fe! into the arms of astableman who was near, His face was almost black. He seemed to be unconscious. ey laid him on the grass and loosened his clothing: After » while the boy came to. gasped at first, then he gazed slowly round and wondered where he was. He quickly recovered and in half an hour was Piszing os if nothing had happened. Jockey . Hayward was looking on as the boy lay on the grass. He smiled and mutjered something about his being all right and went to his stable. LIKENED TO RAILROAD SPEEDING. Bill Hayward is the oldest jockey on the turf. His experiences would fill a book. ‘How docs it feel to ride ata record pac repeated he toa question asked him. ell if you know how to ride its very exhilarating. But if you don’t know how, then it is anything but pleas- ant, as that boy evidently thinks now. you ride with your head down—that is to say bent slightly, so that the wind does nof beat right on your face—you breathe easily, but if you hold your mouth wide open and let the air beat right in your face then you will have great difficulty in breathing, and if the race is a lon; ee = will become exhausted by the end o! he ride. “A mile race on a good horse is run in sbout one minute and forty seconds—that is the record made in a race, It has been run in 1:8954, but that was ona prepared track. A mile in 1:40 is at the rate of thirty-six miles an hour. Ordinary trains usually travel at about twenty-five or thirty miles an hour, so ou see a race horse travels at express speed. i you want to sce how it feels to go through the air at race horse speed just hang your head out of a railroad carriage window, turning your face towards the way train is traveling. At the sai time imagine that you are sitting in a saddle and have to hold on to your horse and guide him on to victory if possible, keeping him from being run down or interfered with. It is no easy task to ri orse in arace. The jockey must have all his wits about him. He does not have much time to think how it feels, Boys are well tried before they are allowed to ride in races, They first learn not to fear the horse, give him his feed and clean his bridle and saddle, Then perhaps they will lead them about at exercise and after awhile will ride a uiet horse at his work, but only show work at t, This may last for years before they have ® mount in . The trainers will watch the boys carefully and if one shows an aptitude for riding, he will be given every advantage to im- prove. Jockeys are born, not made. “‘A good jockey when in @ race pays very little attention to the pond rand except per- haps as he canters past on his way to the start- ing post, At the post he must endeavor to get way well in front when the falls, Very likely there will be a number of break-aways and then the jockey must keep his horse from running out and so losing his strength, When they are off he has to watch a hundred and one things, The leading horses must not be al- lowed to get too far in front and your own horses strength must be reserved for a final Co ape struggle. Wh Lares neck race down the home h I for thing except that I must strain er nerv the other horse; no thought is then given To 'the plsudits from the grand stand. GEORGE TAYLOR'S THEORY. George Taylor is an Englishman. He has been riding all this season for the Dwyer Brothers, but has just severed his connection with that stable. “How do Pps feel when riding in a race?” he was asked recently. : “Just as herr ag was 1 Phage on bide) ite @ very exciting fee! and one very har. to describe. I betieve 4 there are many riders who know nothing from the fall of the fiag until the finishing post is d, The first time I rode on ao fast horse I was almost scared out of my wite. I had often ridden horses slowly, but never atany speed. I was it on a young horse to ride a five-furlong Away we went and I just remember how I clung to that colt. The horse ran purely on his own courage and without any as- sistance from me. Ina réce I seem to become almost ye gee I forget ev ing ex- cept the horse. To hear the sound of other hoof beats on the track is only to give me a de- sire to leave them behind, and if I am riding a segs horse I have to restrain myself as well as ¢ horse or I should just run right away from everything. It is sometimes after a race to remember how I rode. I think the air sharp- ens one’s instincts and then we guide the horses just naturally, I have very often shuddere: when I have thought of the have taken to thr: looses his sense of the just remem- bers that there is fame for for winning Face and money also. BS oa #2 Mfe is a very em Se Itis we either break our necks or make a fortune. My neck is sound so far but my fortune is not yet.” MLAUGHLIN’S BIG FALL, For several years Jimmy McLaughlin has held the title of king of American jockeys. He rode for the Dwyer Liar for ten years and is connected with the stable, He talked about the Finn Bag oy when riding at fast time on horses recently, and said; “It just comes natural to us to ride just as natural as it does for any one to walk or sit in s buggy and drive. First of to sit on the all we learn how he is goings eon bon Te to hold tad pens raci rac! ever tak bie to fo is to ride to the fi umber of apricots ‘ fruit,and for this reason it is not to | th He may have horses running in front of him, behind him and on either side of ie, thun- de ita ee rf i . HE iz “a Fos i § f [ E H Hil i Q &, Hy if df iy s By i } i i i é : E HEE i i i? if H Ik é H i | i “ET have hed falls while I have been riding, but none of been very serious, I know nothing the borse if Hit i E Hh cate i F 4 rf H d 4 quickly hustled out of the way by the jockeys | I d | dren is all THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C., SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1889—-TWELVE PAGES, on me was bot killed espa vey oy ‘Written for Tax Everrve Stan. was a wonder I STANTON—HOW COL. CESNOLA MATURED HIS PLANS IN RIOHMOND—AWAITING THE SIGNAL. The following publication, which has lately . While are at the post the horse will be jumping ead kick on Gao so that unless you are very shesp 70%. land on the tee on your head. manage to ae the saddle you will be: so that you completely lose your head and then be suddenly shot through the air at a rate that it will be hard for you to breathe. it is very difficult to describe the sensations mced. I think most jockeys are to vious of everything except the horse ani race. They hold on to the horse they are p in such a position that they can breathe freely and try as best they can to steer their horse on to victory, Although I hat ridden im several hundred races and have been in all kinds of positions, the novelty of the ride never seems to wear off. AT THE Post, Tam always more or less excited when rid- ing to the starting post. This may be caused by the sense of the danger which I always know I am in when riding in @ race. Only man with iron nerves or no nerves at all should ever ride. The strain on the nervous system is very great. There is the nervous excitement caused by tho rapid passage through the air; then there is the sense of r and the desire to win the race and the money that has been bet on your horse. Proquently after having won a race I have laughed at the newspa| raises about the iterly manner in which I rede, when really I have not known how I rode ‘and could not possibly tell anything about any part of the race, “One horrible sensation met with sometimes in riding is the fall. Occasionally I have fallen and have really known nothing about it, I re- member riding in a race once. We started, that is alll remember. The next time I could notice | enything I found I was lying on bed in the Jerome park club house with a broken leg. Sometimes, though, you see ahorse stumble and fall right in front of you, Your horse you know must go down too. You cannot pull up, it is impossible to go round the fallen horse or to jump over him. This all comes like @ flash to you. You won. der if you will be killed and then down you oe By anetural instinct when on the track the men seem to crawl out of denger. It is im- possible to describe that sensation. It is simply horrible,” - tome. SoIshould be excused if, under the HOW GARRISON FEELS. circumstances, \e. mi about these Snapper Garrison is now Mr. Belmonts crack | sheets, a jockey. He isa good rider. Talking on this subject he said: “I think one great reason of my success ag arider is thatI can keep my wits about me all the time and know just what I am doing and what others are doing. Father Bill Daly taught me to ride. It was, just beaten into me, so that it bas just come to be a second nature. I sit on the horse so that I seem to feel every move, the horse and I become one, as it were. The sensation at first isa novel one. You feel as though you were being hurled through the air without knowing what is tne motive pow This feeling works off though after a time, at least it has with me, so that horse riding is an every day occurrence. A. F. ALDRIDGE. a Aa THE BOSS SNAKE CHARMER. He Has Been Bitten Forty-nine Times and Still Lives. From the Fresno, Cal., Republican. “T have been bitten forty-nine times by rat- tlesnakes," said C, J. Ironmonger of this city to a Republican reporter yesterday, “Yes, sir; forty-nine times, either while catching them, handling them, or performing before the public with them. I am known as the great serpent charmer or tamer. I hive handled thousands of venomous serpents, and twenty-three years ago I performed in the Bella Union theater as a snake charmer when that theater was managed by Mrs. Tetlow and fon, “TI have often heard that if » rattlesnake bites a person the sore, even if healed, will break out again everytwelve months. That is not so, If you are once cured you are cured forever. I have often read in the newspapers of snakes charming little children and of chil- feeding them without being bitten. That he was, at least, a very lively part of it. “Le Riforma, » Roman newspaper, says: ‘Tt was Oe oh mos ‘of i Geng Ceanols's ae, ine*fortress of en after . je American history as ‘is written in Ttaly.” A MYSTERIOUS LETTER. Atthe beginning of 1964 (I do not recollect the exact date) a letter was left at my house by @ome person to me unknown. I read it. It ved to be a letter from my friend, L. P. di ola, colonel of the fourth regiment, New York cavalry, then a prisoner of war in the Libby prison at Richmond. It apparently con- tained a request that I should write to his wife about clothing, linen, repairs, laundry and wearing apparel in general, of which he was in great need. I was surprised at his request, when there was no prohibition to his writing to her for such purposes directly. More- over, I considered the construction of the letter rather peculiar. These two facts 1 pondered, ret I could make no more out of that letter than have stated. I was very busy and did not attend to my friend’s request that day. On next another envelope was similarly left at my house by an incognito. I opened this and found a large sheet, cut in diverse ways over the lines, with holes and slits of different sizes and lengths at irregular distances, of the exact size of the one on which the letter was written. Not s word on the sheet, no address on the en- velope. Ty the thing was a quite mysterious and I extremely curious. I thought much over the circumstance during the day and I even became suspicious. It was war time, treason was the order of the day, and the regime of Gen. Baker, the government detec: tive, was in full blast at the capital. Was this A TRICK, A TRAP, OR WHAT? Could I be suspected of disloyalty, I, who would have given every drop of my blood for the Union! When I was the trusted friend and physician of Gen. McClellan and of five mem- ers of the cabinet? Yet the times were pecu- liar and extraordinary, and Gen. Baker the Most unscrupulous detective of the — Letters addressed to me by Maj. Gen. Doyle, comparing the British forces in Nova Scotia, had found their way to the State department, there opened and read before being delivere A PLAN OF ESCAPE. As the day wore on, however, an idea struck me, which should have occurred to me before, and that was to see what relation, if any, these two sheets bore to one another, Then I took the sheets and spread them out before me and laid the sheet, full of holes and cuts, over the other, and lo and bebold! .A plan for the escape of 20,000 Union prisoners from the jails of Richmond. Not Sey é that, buta plan for the taking of Richmond by the same prisoners, for the capture of President Davis, hie cabinet, and many other important persons who were to be held as hostages, That's what I read through those cuts, slits, and holes, My brain whirled and my heart swelled in readin; the plan of this daring attempt. I r it over many a time, each time more and more analytically, and the more I studied it the more convinced I became that the execution of it was possible. I was all excitement the rest of the day and as the shades of evening came to my relief, for i: seemed as if the light of day might betray my very thoughts, I went to see Hon. Montgomery Blair, then Postmaster Gen- eral, Iwentto see him first because he had been my client and my friend for several years. To him I unfolded the secret as well as the sheets. He became intensely interested and advised me to see Mr. Stanton, the Secretary of War, at once. To the War department I then, at 10 o'clock p.m., proceeded and MR. STANTON RECEIVED ME WITHOUT DELAY. Mr. Stanton was not an easy man to talk to and my enthusiasm was somewhat dampened by his first look. He had a way of fixing his eye npon you so searchingly that it made you feel even uncomfortable. After afew words, however, I handed him Col. Cesnola’s letter. In reading it his face assumed an expression that plainly told ‘here is another crank.” Then he quickly turned upon me and exclaimed, “Why do you bring me this?” I then took the key and placed it on the letter say “read it now, Mr. Stanton.” In a moment he was all excitement and fairly jumped around the room ejaculating: “I want none of this! I will take no part in such foolhardiness! That's murder! Thousands of our prisoners will be slaughtered in the streets of Richmond! Only a few weeks ago Col. Dahigreen lost his life in # foolish at- tempt to surprise Richmond, Tt will be the same with » Ray, a thousand times worse!” WHAT WAS REQUIRED, ‘The letter requested also that the Secretary of War be notified of the contemplated move- ment of the Union prisoners inside, that a feint be made by the Army of the Potomac, ‘and that a body of cavalry should press for- ard and dash into Richmond, if possible, at acertain date. For some minutes I was awed by Mr. Stanton’s excitement, then I tried to argue with him and demonstrate the feasibility of the plan, but the more I talked the more excited he became until I realized that my at- tempts were in vain, for, when I tried to put in my lest argument, he quickly checked me by sharply saying “‘it is even pew! duty, sir, to prevent the movement in your re I vote = that further = ent ‘was useless, and, while preparing to raw, I said: Mr, Stanton, that if onr prisoners do attempt to escape and they fail for want of proper support that you cannot plead orance in justification of your inertness.” is unfortunate h threw him in another fit of ion and I withdrew. Eight or ten days later I read in the pa the Richmond authorities bad discovereda fre and thet all necessary precettions againet a ers au necessary ions hed been taken. must be live food that be catches himse! he will not take food while caged up, not the most invit morsel. They can live a re- markably long time without f I once saw ® rattlesnake in Marysville in a cage that had not taken food for eleven years, I have kept many of them from five to eleven years without food, They will, however, drink water—I sup- pose to keep their poison replenished. “Rattlers are epicureans. They will crawl out of their dens in the spring and, if they catch a quail, a young rabbit, or a squirrel ‘ing the summer they are satisfied. not will take their drink of water in the fi and go to their dens and wait until next spring for their breakfast," “What remedies do you use for snake bites?” was asked. “I puten ounce of ammonia into a two- ounce vial, Then Iadd a dozen or so leaves of the mistletoe. The leaves soon dissolve and iquid becomes of a reddish color, Put lanes or twenty a this liquid into a tumbler half fall of water and drink it as soon as you can after be! bitten. Then it of whisky. r thet you must en OF sr minutes, and if you feel no us of inebriation repeat the dose; but moment you feel the effects of the whisky drink no more, but you may take another dose of the ammoniated ia, “Some Reople when bitten pouring down whisky until oughly drunk, but in such cases worse than the ose. who know me Lf that I em poison-proof, but that is not true, while at the same time s snake bite that would by 8 anake kee; dey get pwd the remedy is all the 5 “Do you believe that snakes can fascinate or charm other asked the reporter. “That is an error,” reply. ee te Places in the city of Rich- 1,200 of whom, allcommissioned officers, building notoriously known as "a small number occupied Ps ‘at “Castle Thunder” and about seventeen thou- a I used to say, | abird.” I would go down there to see what was going on, and gure enough there would beablack snake going along sow from one branch of a tree to another. There would bes catbird or some other kind of bird flying around the snake atly excited, while the snake moved slowly directly toward a nest to rob it of i i Tee maternal instinct of the mother war, of which, if Gen. Cesnola was not the hero, | the Las Apart executio Everything was ready, but he never heard a word from any of those officers or from the War department, thoi that they all received onves intelligence, There is rarely ony doubt that the idea of delivering the prisoners by a cav- = Richmond, ited to Kill ick by iographer, was suggested to him by Cesnola's letter, although it would have been TESTA HOTEL—ATLANTIO CTY. Ther N. Carolina and Atlantic aves. god table; — MARK MALATESTA. Prop. pau oe Cor M Agreat impradence for Gen, Kilpatrick to Phowenen, beteeed ter eee ee. make the attempt without a plan dj iiniianpen MC. ANDREWS. of action with the prisoners ves. é, ae a THE PLAN FOR THE ESCAPE OF THE OFFICER Ravel Rencreeeect ree Eee wets inom PRISONERS from the Libby was as clever as interesting. They organized all sorts of amusements, among which were minstrel exhibitions, which e them great latitude for applause and for noises of every kind. There was a very seri- ous object in these exhibitions of fun and frolic which the guard in attendance was not acquainted with. They drew largely the; were so funny. The personnel of the guard o! duty found pleasure in attending them; every- dy was in good humor, But the sphynx was there watching and waiting to turn the humor- ous into a tragic scene. Cesnola was the sphynx, who omy wanted a word of encourage- ment from Washington to give the word that was to bring about the metamorphosis. BUT NO WORD CAME and Cesnola, night after night, retired to his prison couch disappointed if not disheartened, A word from him while the play and shouting were foing on and the doors would bave been el |, the confederate guards mixed with the audience seized and gagged, their uniforms taken and put on the chosen braves, who, thus disguised, were to descend and seize the re- maining guard on duty down stairs and at the gates, This first step successful it would have been easy to accomplish the rest. IF THE CAVALRY HAD COME. One thousand Union cavalry dashing into Richmond at that moment and twenty thousand desperate, well-organized men liberated in less than an hour would have taken possession of Richmond. But, alas! not a word came from outside and time was passing, and even ambi- tion was taki: ion of some of the of- ficers, Who should command was a question. Gen, Neal Dow was the senior officer and would have been entitled by the United States mili- tary regulations to the command, but he was not competent for such a work. VANITY AND AMBITION unfortunately reigned even within those walls of squalor and death. Col, Cesnola was next in rank, and moreover he had conceived the plan, but be was a foreigner, and that he should become the hero of this daring deed was repulsive to national vanity. And so the matter was whispered, and even too loudly, for 8, Hytel Encampusent) roome lange end iydebw Mis, & VOURMERS. HE AR ea Dt ae Atlantic City, X. it ct al; HE COLONNADE, ATLANTIC CITY, ¥. & pular pri e. Special inducener G'A-KINES, of the Bl HE MANSION, AT gest and most promis first-class restaurant NHE CHALPONTE, T ny ATL NTIC CITY, Bd, Moved to the sesck ENLARORD AND IM} ROVED, on, - NSUKPA OCEAN VIEW. Salt Water Baths in the House. levator, te Ee ROBERTS & BONS. COR ATLANTIC AND Gon- Recticut Aves, Atlantic City, N. J. ends’ Manager ent. Family House. 215-2 JOSEPH ENGLE, Proprietor. NHE VICTORIA, SOUTH CAROLINA AVE, near the Beach, Atilsntic City, S.J Open all the year. Hot and cold sea bath in my vo-~o3m M WicLeAMe [*229 states Bor in ATLANTIO CITY, N. 3. ThoKengutens feed He ama ARKDI __B. H. BROWN, Prop’r. REXTON ViLLA, OCEAN AV) beach, = ret, 1. Locate * da piszzas tp full view of the bear iron jaer and hot and cold sea-water baths. Special rates to families for the season, MES. J. A. MIEKS, of Baits. more. P. V. Bo pe May City, N. J. ap20-codm, NHE ALDINE, DECATUR ST, CAPE 4 "T'trat ote Svom beach: hot ‘aud cold baudean? Posize. | Terms reasouabi e21-2m < THEO. MUELLER, Prop. Mo ™0vTH House, =n SPRING LAKE BEACH, N. 3. WILL OPEN JUNE 29. For terms and other iniormation address L. U. MALTBY, Monmouth House. Spring Lake, N.J., $15-tuths,26t Hotel Lafayette, ritiadelyita Pay HoT oceanic, BARNEGAT CITY, Qpen June 22 to October 1 ‘erms, address a E. C. BOICE, Prop’. ye1-3m ASBURY FARK NJ. OTHE Bio ‘ON, SD AVE, ove and half blocks from ocean. Large airy rove, Artesian water and gus throughout the house. August terms, $8 to 812; September terms, #6 to A Special terms to lager, del-wie du Mra. H. BUNT, Prop, S08 OTH AVE, ASBURY one morning they found that new precautions from vcean , attractive sit- had been taken, and that the guarding force vate family dre. MoE was more than trebled. The secret was out. =. Who betrayed? One Union officer was sus- pected, but Col. Cesnola as well as others in the secret would not believe that person guilty of so much treason. But the fact remains that the indifference to the appeal of Col. Cesnola to cavalry officers and, through me, to the War oa Pepe ~ Washington eer eed _ matter aoe com pes Bo fogs, wo bay fever uo nee until the confederates got of the secret j Bible aunusements., accessible : circ at that was to liberate our prisoners and lay the | "w#itice, Address J. M.SHAFFER, Aisrora, W.Va. city of Richmond at their mercy. Thus thie Dee ASD WEEKLY GUESTS ACCOMMODATED so HOUSE, ASBURY PARK, No. 100 Yards from the Uses Ucean. _3e15-20%m_ ELA. MARTIN, — _IN THE MOUNTAINS, ETC. URORA HOUSE AN x A Tas tient ND ANNEX, ON TOP OF daring conception and plan of Gen. Cesnola at the Morrell House, Camp Hill, Harper's aborted and Mr. Stanton was saved from the Va (Firetclase table, fuest scenery ressonagte ignominy of refusing to assist our prisoners in | Tte*._ MKS. MAKIE KOLB. _ oe -" their attempt to escay and pro} ly to cap- JOUR HUNDR! EET ABOVE FLOOD MARK, ture the rebel capital T. 8, Verpi. eS SSeS ee nine The Ocean Jilt. at She be ~ “ged and tall, azure-eyed, with « sa ‘That paled or grew pink with each passing emotion; And the siren ensnared me in one little week, crossing Whén we met on the steamer , ocean. It's the old simple story. From leshing her chatr In the morning and stopping to talk of the weather To the last turn on deck in the cool evening air, There was always a something to throw us to- geth: And never suspecting they could be but wiles a saiRT recticod edrotily betore land was sighved, ty t--—e - e Thad fallena prey to her glances and sm: ‘And tenderly, truly, our troth had been plighted. But the promise she gave me she promptly took When she reached terra firma, and wrote me wer: “Our engagement, of course, doesn't count, dear- est Jack, jOUBE, jarper's Ferry, W. Va, Mrs. 5. E. LOVETT, Propriet June 10. In the Blue hide WHS, bo hosguitoes: ine views from xcelleut table; terias 86 per week. my1l?-3m OUNTAIN VIEW HOUSE, AURORA, W! “ Mirdo0 eet efcvation. trig Sussunt cheep Mad aise eer lareaddross hig patron Sons every day and to any jy16-1mi* wan wi and 8 half 2 GAP HOUSE, DELAWARE WATER GAP. ‘A besuciful mountain resort Gus epure Hotel wouern and complete, hare from Broad street, Puna. B. R, W. BKUADHEAD, "jel ISCELLANEOUS. OUBE, CAPE HENLOP! CR, KE pie oolh tees neal jack “For you know when ‘twas made we were both half seas over!” md geapou, reduced, to rate : trains leave, 1:17 and 4:10 p.m, Arrive Py oe ton,” said a leading barber tome yesterday as a he trimmed my hair, ‘and it is surprising how sete ners *s, the Atlantic Ocean. Increase of hotel sccomu longa fashion in hair or whiskers will last ations new bailing, Now a fashion in clothes doesn't generally last “he Reoat tps ant ent bathing tm the é. eee trom Norfolk longer than ten years, but a fashion in the cut- ahs (—- uy in is Gage es Poe RN ting and dressing of hair and whiskers will last ste Ba yOu 00. tates par weak, #12, ‘rates per stance, They came in about twenty-five years ago. Ican remember very well when a mus- tache was regarded as the badge of a fop, an idiot or a gambler. It was as much as a man's reputation was worth to let his hair | poy his upper lip. But now ministers and every- body ase wear them, and I am afraid I will not live long enough to them go out of fashion. Anything to barbe Then there isthe fashion of wearing the hair short. About the time that moustaches came in long hair went out. Before that every- body wore ce hair, and had it curled, too, Yes, sir; I used to keep my curling iron around all the time, for it was just common with men then as it is with women hair — whee —-= re the hair clipped very short, except on », where it is loft quite long. is catiea ten pas only ten or twelve years th twenty or thirty years, Take mustaches, for in- month, ye “th. F. COBB, Proprietor, Rs . Address Cherritou, Northampton County: Va 2°24 Bores, ot rors comrons, Va ‘Unsurpaseed inappotntinenta, table and general tention, Terms less for the scoommodations, tainments and amusements given than at iit oli cool and refreshing. July and August are particularly pleasant and healthful. The most charming marine ‘Views in the world. wend for descriptive pamphlet. F.%, PIKE, about twenty-five years ago, and was omnia about ten years ago on account of dents that occurred ting injury on the customers.” —- +00 - No Mothers in Fiction. Here is an odd reflection from the Adantic Monthly: “No mothers in fiction.—A sick youth was lying in bed, watching with quiet eyes his mother's form moving gently about the room $e8-2030t Gorda View Ye, Hiatt ais from ¥, Soe are cr to September 1. 1 per 07 S Silo pee bab at mont him with tenderest heart ear i : re iH i : Hy] E cy 55 ee 8 4 i i 2d 3h it mn lh f i it sf 3 i ite at uf is bi : i E 3 Fy i pester Sere ee ae =