Evening Star Newspaper, July 23, 1881, Page 6

ae RELIGIOUS NOTES. PRESIDENT GARFIELD AND THE PRAYER TEST— HOW PASTORS AND CHOIRS CAN AGREE—IS THE BIBLE TOO CUMBERSOME? —Emory M. E. Church, Baltimore has been sold to St. John’s African Methodist congregation, ow worshiping in a chapel on Tessier street. The to be paid for the property Is $15,000. Five Findrea dollars have been paid, and the balance | is to be paid October 1. — The New York spiritualists have recently formed themselves into an -alliance, with ex-Su- Perintendent Kiddle at their head. — Rev. W. C. Van Meter, who has been con- ducting an independent Baptist mission in Rome, arrived in New York last week, and will spend the summer in America. — In the revised New Testament the changes are more numerous inthe Epistles than in the Gospels. In the Epistle to the Ephesians, which has only 155 verses, there are 384 changes, most of them very slight. — Friday, August 5th, has been designated as “a special day of fasting and prayer to be ob- served by the Methodists of all lands for the blessing xd to rest on the ecumenical con- 1 meets in London in the fal — “Fifty years ago,” sitid Dr. Starks, of the Methodist church, in his semi-centennial dis- course. “I never saw a written sermon in our church. Now our preachers generally go into the pulpit with sermons written or with full notes.” — Copies of the revised Testament are sold in England fora penny, and oyer a quarter of a Million of this e! edition have been disposed of. The publisher intends to produce a French, translation, for sale in France, at the price of one sou. ene. out West: clergyman Just back from re” ticket—“My breth- ern, when I was on the great link, that magni- ficent double traek, all steel rail, palace eat through without change (here he fills in the name of the route). and I can assure you that every director of the road is a gentleman and thorough Christian, I saw” (here follows the oral illustration). All of which shows that Western railroads know how to advertise, when they “cut” rates for elergymen.—New Haven r. A bishop's son, hot very long ago, was a candidate fer holy orders, but was unable to any of the questions put to him by the At last the chaplain tried ‘an you tell me where Jesus of 2” The young man looked Aw—well—aw,” he said, after ant say I remember the exact oment, but | am—shaw! on the continent.” And yet this is a Christian country.—Zarly Hour. — We regard the physical improvement in the condition of President Garfield during the past ‘week as an answer to prayer. There is no de- nying the very’serious nature of the wound and it was— | THE MARKET PLACE. SCENES ON MARKET DAY—GENUINE AND COUNTRYMEN—HOW SMALL DEALERS ESC. PAYING THE LICENSE TAX—TRICKS OF THE MARKET SHARKS. The region about the Washington Market, off market day, affords in its narfow limits a wide | field for artistic observation. There is not a square rod of space that would not immortalize & painter, if he could convey the bits of color to canvas, and truthfully portray the picturesque groups. The people found there form asmall community in themselves, with all the laws of barter and trade in active operation. The pro- ducer, the middleman and the consumer jostle one another on the pavement, and all the condi- tions and exigencies of commerce are illustrated. To the person who has yet to make his first essay at “marketing” there are pleasant revelations in store. SATURDAY MORNING. Such a bustling place on Saturday morning! Women with market-baskets crowding along the aisles between the well-filled stands; round- faced butchers whose rotund figures testify to the good,quality of their beef; country people, bringing with them the scent of new-mown hay, | their fresh faces calling up visions of beautiful | bucolic existence; street arabs, who infest the market in the hope of finding a job of a | engaged in buying or selling, dickering over | prices, examining by smelling, tasting, | feeling, or some of the other numerous methods | known to the expert “marketer.” | THE PURLIEUS OF THE MARKET look quite as busy as the interior. The market, using the word in a general sense, now extends | from 7th to 11th streets, along B street and Louisiana avenue. The limits are being gradu- | ally widened. Along B street, on the south | side, backed up against the sidewalk, next to | the 'Smithsouian park, is a row of wagons ex- | tending from 7th to 1th streets. These are the establishments of smatl farmers and gardeners, who come here to dispose of their produce. | Their wares—fresh from the soil—are displayed | | in baskets, boxes and barrels on the sidewalk. | These people come from the country within a | circle of ten miles radius, around the city. They | make their appearance during the even- ing and night before the market opens. They hope to be able to sell out in bulk to some | middleman, but will sell at retail. Many hotei | restaurant and bearding-housekeepers di directly with these country people. They occupy | spaces next to the Smithsonian grounds free of | charge, and as producers, are exempted from the | license tax. The market people encourage them | to come. The producer and consumer are brought face to face, but the producer, rather | than be bothered with doling his stuff out in small lots by retail or taking the risk of having | his steck left on his hands, is willing to give the | middleman a chance to make a fair profit. NOCTURNAL SCENES. These truck farmers keep arriving during the | night, and the scenes around the place are very | basket; and crowds of people of different’ sorts |, the extreme solicitude of the surgeons, so that the danger in which he iay on the morning of | lively. The blackness of night is spotted here the first Sabbath of this month was great. But | and there with patches of yellow light from on that day the united and fervent prayers of | flaring, smoking torches, which enable one to thousands of congregations—of the entire Chris- descry weird, wale fms moving about. The tian heart of the land—went up to God for him; | tramping and struggling of horses, the grating while the same was probably true of nearly every Noneconformist church in the Fatherland. And from that hour to this millions of requests have besieved the throne of grace that—if it be pos- sible—this cup may pass from us. Is it too much to think—nay, are we not bound to be- Heve—that it has been in tender answer to these supplications that, so far, the suiferer has been #0 wonderfully carried over the Imminent dan- ers which so thickly beset him?—The Congre- gationniist. of wheels, and the shouting of men, ali add to the confusion and excitement. The law ‘‘of first come, first served,” is strictly enforced, the earl- iest arrival having his choice of location. Having backed his wagon up to the curb, the proprietor spreads a blanket among his boxes, and camps | there until the bustle about the market begins | with the dawn of day. Then can be seen the | longjine of wagons, of every style, from the old fashioned Virginia wagon, with bowed canvas | top, to the modern read wagon, with smartly | | painted sides, stretching along for a quarter of a | | mile—every wagon having a countryman with it, and some having a whole family. THE SQUATTERS. | Next tothe countrymen in point of interest | are the “squatters.” ‘The “squatters” are small dealers, who go from market to market, spread- ing their wares out on the sidewalk and com- peting with the stall-owners. No dealers or | Gepe: hucksters are permitted to occupy places on 7th a8 a bookkeeper or salesman independent of bis | and 9th streets. Those who back up their ——- Great discretion is necessary in the | wagons-and sell under the awnings on the south ‘y. The minister comes and finds the | side of the market pay the market company a choir. He who has a disturbance with | small fee for the priviiege. Under this awning, & chor is like unto a man going into | on a market day, there is along line of vegeta. a@hornet’s nest. A wise old woman said that | ble dealers, herb and flower women, and “if Satan tried in vain to break into a peaceful, | butter and ezg venders, who keep happy church, before he utterly gave it up he up a continual’ clatter as the visitor ‘would try to climb in over the singing seats.” | slowly works his way through the crowd. In the But it is better to have some trouble (always as _ court, enclosed by the market buildings, are little as possible) than to stand forever in fear ot | gathered groups of these small’ dealers, who a chofr, certain that the service will be spoiled | ikewise pay for the privilege of selling there. — are left to themselyes, and certain of | There is an active competition amons these trouble if « suggestion be made.—Christian Ad- | ple to get the best places. Most of them go foo —A judicious pastor and a sensible choir al- ‘Ways azree—if in no other way, by a compro- mise. There can, however, be but one head. ‘The pastor knows what he is aiming at in the service. He knows wiat verses skonld be sung and what omitted, if any. He knows the state of feeling he by the help of the Holy Spirit, to produce by his discourse and Scripture Feadizes and public invocations. A choir “in- | jent of the pastor” isa monster, as much | . market to market, and so “stand,” as they term —Of the Congrezational theological semi-_ it, six days out of the seven. The “aquatters” aries Andover has $225,000 invested In real es- | are thove ee at oo limits of ihe market, eee aes oa | who escape the license tax and also any tax by tate and $525.00 in funds; Yale has somewhat | the market company The ket authorities more than a quarter ofa million in funds, and | andthe stall owners. compl S ae wie Bangor has $300,000 about equally divided pe- | justly treated because the city officials permit ‘tween funds and real estate. the Baptist these squatters to trade in the vicinity. The squatters can be found scattered along Louisi- ana avenue, B street and 10th street. Fresh seminaries, Newton has $136,000 in buildings and 2312.00 in funds, and Rochester $216,000 in the latter form of investment. The weaithiest of the theological schools in this country are the | CURtHY Produce brings with it a suggestion of Presbyterian. Princeton has buildings valued at $274.000 and funds amounting to near: 700,000. The Union Seminary of New York | holds real estate worth £150,000 and funds worth $700,000. The seminary at Auburn, N. Y.. pos- Besses $500,000—$200,000 in real estate, $800,000 in funds. Ofthese two kinds of property the | seminary at Chicago has respectively, $300,000 and $150,000. The Western Theological Semi- | mary at Allegheny city. Penn., has funds exceed- | ing $530,000. The Lane Seminary possesses Property agzregating $400,000. These six in- stitutions hold one-fourth of the entire amount of property owned by the 124 seminaries in the United States. | —Dr. David Swing, of Chicago, thinks the | Bible too cumbersome a book as it now is, and advises that a large part of the Old Testa- ment sheuld be omitted from future editions. “Not only.” he says, ‘“‘are the laws of the Mo- saic state led and dead and, therefore. u1 worthy of a place in this guide of the public, but they are the laws of a semi-barbarous age, and cast no little of their imperfection over n the fair pages of the New Testament. The iew Testament has suffered much from thus being found in bad company. are valuable as being a part of the history of the Jewish state, but not as being apart. much less a Yaluable part of Christianity. Many of the | laws were so unjust that their mee | im the popular Bibie makes it essential that each | gyman and each Sunday-school teacher Bhali spend much time in explaining the relation of Mosaic things to “Christian affairs, an ex- ion to be made easier by a withdrawal of | cause.” The orthodox people who have looked upon Prof. Swing us almost a heretic, = still more firmly convinced of it after | Under the title of “Am I Not in Spor the | Observer fires a good charge of small shot at the eruel fellows who tortured the sick pisesers-at Coney Islan: “+3iaiceae Much fun as you will of | ‘the society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Ani- mals, no sane Christian citizen can contemplate of shooting be Pig: ‘expense . The practice is not in | harmony with the civilication or Christianity of the count: a we live in and ought to be frowned upon. ere a number of noxious animais, or that are slain for the rection or lives of men there it is not a very manly a trap and then z 8 ef A sit Ht a HI i — TI cannot refrain from telling a conundrum ‘that was propounded to the four ministers when ‘the biuefish party went ashore afthe “Pint” Those treatise | the prize is offered | nothing | SIMPLICITY AND HONESTY. One feels quite shocked to learn that any one | can practice fraud and deception in the midst of | Such surronndings. Yet it is a matter of record that among the squatters and those who “stand” against the wall of the market, people have been | badly cozened. Pickled ezes have been palmed off as the product of the latest effort of the hen, | and “made over” butter has been sold for the | best gilt-edged article. It would require a lon; chapter to describe fully the “tricks in trade” employed by some of these small dealers. Ac- cording to law, country people who sell their own luce are exempted from the usual hiucksters’ license. There are | shrewd men and women, who know that if they | ea the public and the officials into the be- lief that they are country leners, selling their | own produce, they can not only avoid the license tax, but can also get a readier sale for their wares. No one ever imagines that he is yee bad eges or “veneered” butter when he is buying direct from a horny-handed son of the soil. ‘Alas! some of the owners of ‘fresh country faces” and the | “beards full of hay seed” seen about the market hever swung a scythe or saw the lowing herd | wind slowly o’er the lea. BUCOLIC FRAUDS. “There,” said one of the market officers di- recting Tae Star man to a sharp-featured, | busy-looking woman who was spreading out her | “truck” under the awning, “she “says she is | from the country. The butter she sells she gets for almost nothing in the commission houses and makes it over into prints. Then she buys a half pound print of good butter. This is her ‘taster.’ The prints are wrapped up with Just one little corner showing. This little corner is made of good butter. A lady comes along and wants to try it. She takes a little stick, lifts off this piece of good butter, tastes it an? Says -n rt. “When “she géts hotie she finds she has bought a lot of bad butter.” ‘Do not the —— country ple object to this?” in Tae Star. = “They do, but they can’t help it. In order to have a person fined for selling without a license you have to prove both the and selling of goods. y get around Now, that woman, to anothi vegetables ‘hawk their il one nian ‘pretend to be anxious to buy the of butter whieh the countryman has in his wagon. The countryman, of course, is anxious to sell. The shark proposes that he will take it ito a nei store to have it weighed. The countryman havi been engaged in another empty negotiation by the shark’s confederate, the shark lugs the key into the pparently with intentions. When the countryman looks for his butter he finds that the shark has di Peared through the back door of the store. He may be found in some other quarter of the market dealing it out to customers and looking as innocent as any countryman in town. ANOTHER BOLD TRICK practiced successfully. by these sharks is to pre- tend that they are stall-owners. The country- men are not afraid to trust the stall-keeper. The “shark,” knowing where there is an empty stand, — @ countryman to denver hi goods there. e countryman empties his p! the stand and the “shark” tells him to return in half an hour for his money. When the country- man returns he finds that the stand is empty and his supposed customer has gone. The market company has a squad of men, under Special Officer McKay, whose experience and activity renders it exceedingly difficult for any sharper to ply his trade around the market. jotwith- standing this, however, the sharks thrive. A POINT OF LAW. The dealers in the market are especially loud in their complaints that the authorities do not molest tlie hucksters, who sell their wares along the sidewalk on Louisiana avenue. These peo- ple, it is stated, pay no license and are not mar- ket gardeners. Under the old law, which has never been repealed, no one was permitted to sell on the streets within a square of the Center market save by the permission of the clerk of the market. This law now seems to be a dead let- ter, so far as the clerk of the present market is concerned. At the time the law was passed, the market belonged to the city, and the clerk was. a public official. The authorities now do not recognize the right of the clerk of the market to regulate any matters outside the limits of the market proper. The market officials, however, claim that the market corporation succeeded to all the privileges which the market possessed, as a public market, and it is probable that their rights, in regard to regu- lating huckstering within a square ofthe market, will be tested in court. “I'm kinder lookin’ around the market for a hired man,” he exclaimed, as he stopped at one of the stands and nibbled at an onion. ‘‘I kinder need one, but yet I kinder hope I shan't be able to find him.” “How's that ?” ‘Well, there ain't no profit in a hired man no more. No, sir, he’s no good any longer.” “What's the reason ?' “Oh, @ dozen reasons. Firet and foremost, times have ch: and the hired man has changed with’em. Ah! sir, it makes me sad when I think of the hired men we had before the war—4 it big fellers with the strensth of an -ox and the vim of a locomotive. I didn’t have to holler my lungs out to git one of ’em out of bed at three o'dlock in the morning, and it was all I could do to coax ’em to go to bed at ten o'clock at night. I’m afraid that we shan’t never see no more hired men wuth keepin’ around for their board.” “That's sad.” . “It’s sad, and more, too. Now, as I sald, I want a hired man. I’m willing to pay $11 or $12 a month fora smart one. Some farmers want a man to work all day and all night, but that ain’t me. I have never asked one to git out of bed before 3 o’clock—never. Iallus give my man three-quarters of an hour at noon, unless the hogs git out or cattle break in or a shower is coming up. After a man has worked right along for nine hours his system wants at least half an hour to brace up in. They don’t quit work on some farms till $ o'clock, but I’m no such slave- driver. At halt-past 71 tell my man to knock off. Ailhe has todo after that is to feed the stock, cut a littie wood, mow some grass for the -horses, milk four cows, fill up the water-trough, start a smudge in the ‘smoke-house and pull a few weeds in the garden. Inever had a hired man who didu’t grow fat on my work, and they allus left me feeling that they hadn't half earned their wages.” He stopped long enough to wipe a tear from his eye, and then went on:— “And now look at the hired man of to-day! He wears white shirts and collars. He won't eat witha knife. He wants napkins when he eats, and if we don’t hang up a clean towel once a week he wipes on his handkerchér. Call hinrat three and he gets up at six. He wants a whole hour at noon, and after supper he trots off to a singing school or sits down to a news- paper. Fifteen years ago if my hired man was sick for half a day I couid dock him. If he died Tcould take out a month's wages for the trou- ble. He was glad to git store orders for his pay, and he would wash in the rain barrel and wipe on the clothes line. There’s bin a change, sir— an awful change, and if a reaction don't set in pretty soon you will witness the downfall of agriculture in this country.” “Then you won't hire another 2” “Wall, Lean’t just say. Work is powerfully easing, but I'm going slow. Before I hire him Fane to know whether he’s a man who'll pass his plate for more meat and taters, and whether we've got to use starch in doing up his shirts. The last man I had took me to task for not hold- ing family prayers twice a day, and after I had done so for three months I found it was only a game of his to beat me out of half an hour a day. He thought he had a pretty soft thing, and he looked mighty lonesome when [cut Old Hun- dred down to two lines and got through with the Lord’s prayer in 40 seconds. :! athe) pee WEDDING REMARKS, ions That May Be Overheard Again and sts Again at Nuptial Events. From the New Orleans Democrat. The following remarks have mostly been said time after time at all our “tony” weddings, and will be said again and again on every such occa- sion: Here she com Pretty, isn’t she? ‘Who made her dress? Is it Surah silk or satin? Is her veil real lace? She's as white as the wall! Wonder how much he’s worth? Did he give her those diamonds? He's scared to death! Isn't she the cool piece? ‘That train’s a horrid shape! Isn't her mother a dowdy? Aren't the bridesmaids homely? That's a handsome usher! Hasn't she a cute little hand? Wonder what number her gloves are? They say her shoes are fives. Ithis hair ten’? area im the Middle! ‘Wonder what on earth she married him for? For his money, of course! Isn't he handsome? He's as homely as a hedge-hog! He leoks like a circus-clown! No, he’s like a dancing master! Good enough for her, eaaie She was always a stuck-up thing. She'll be worse than ever now! She jilted Sam Somebody, didn’t she? No, he never asked her. He's left town, anyway. PRECAUTIONS TAKEN BY THR GOVERNMENT 70 PREVENT COUNTERFSITING—A TALK WITH THE CHIEF ENGRAVER OF OUR NATIONAL NOTES. ‘There fs no criminal more Interesting than the successfal counterfeiter. He unites the boldness ofthe burglar and the plausibility of the conf- dence mia with the finest technical skill. The ‘mystery that surrounds the counterfeiter—his secret ways of work—and the popular notion that he must roll in counterfeit wealth, also lends an interest to criminals of this sort, which no other offenders excite. Such great skill is Tequired to counterfeit bank notes and govern- ment notes, so that they will deceive even the casual observer, that, the road to an ill-gotten fortune, by way of counterfeiting is not open to the great mass of criminally disposed people. Counterfeiting has been made A REGULAR BUSINESS by a few parties. Generally three or four par- ties, each being especially qualified for some one branch of the business. work together. Some- times one man is at the head the establish- ment, and he employs his assistants. Ina book kept by Mr. Geo: W. Casilear, superintendent of the engraving division of the Bureau of En- graving and Py , are specimens of all the most noted and most cleverly executed counter- feits that have appeared during the last twenty years. In war times and immediately after counterfeiters thrived. The shinplasters af- forded a wide field for them to work in. Even bungling imitations passed current, as the peo- pie would take anything in the shape of money without much question. Since those dar: great precautions hayebeen adopted by t ernment and such talent employed both e government and the bank note companies that none but tue finest workmen can hope to make ‘@ counterfeit that would pass careful inspection, though counterfeits which the stupidest bank clerk would throw out, ata glance have been known to circulate a long time before being dis- covered. Besides the skill of the engraver aud the other CHECKS EMPLOYED in the engraving department, the government a few years ago began using a distinctive paper. Before that the bank note companies had used ordinary commercial paper. “All the national bank notes,” said Mr. Casi- lear toa Star reporter, ‘shave been counter- feited. It is about time there was a new issue with new designs. All the greenbacks en- grayed by the bank note company—of every denomination—haye been counterfeited. When the government began _ printing these notes they were gotten up with a great deal of care. ‘The distinctive paper was insti- tuted. What was called the ‘localized fiber’ Paper was first used. Now the paper has two silk strands running parallel with the note. When Mr. Sherman became Secretary of the Treasury he found that the government had no exclusive right to the fiber pape:, no proprie- tary interest in it, although it was paying a high price for it. So he advertised for proposals and the result was the adoption of the paper with parallel strands.” “Was this idea of fibered paper new?” “No. The device was used in postage stamps in Germany, and also in hewspaper envelopes and bills of exchange. There is nothing new about it. It would be dif- ficult for a counterfeiter to get it, though. He might imitate it, but to get the paper he would have to take the paper maker in his confidence. They do not attempt to counterfeit the paper. It has been imitated by scratching the plate with fine lines. A great many counterfeit plates have been made of the national bank currency. You can see how wide a field they have. There are 2,000 national banks, and all use NOTES OF THE SAME DESIGN. Having engraved the general design of the note, ail the count ter has to dois to make a skeleton plate, with the title of the bank and the names of the bank officers. These signa- tures he engraves in light lines and then goes over them with ink. This plate he uses until he is found out. Then he engraves the name of another bank on a skeleton plate. In these na- tional bank notes distinctive paper does not amount to much, as the notes are all covered. In our own notes the design is more open. Then with our netes we have met with great success. because each issue has a distinctive portrait en- graved upon it. Pew engravers excel as pol trait engrayers, as in work of another charac! ‘There is a character or expression about a por- trait which cannot be copied.” THE GEOMETRICAL LATHE. ~ A great impediment in the way of sucessfully couterfeiting the government notes is the work executed by the.geometric lathe. The lathe is a machine which cuts on the plates the metri- cal scrolls and curves so fine that it confuses the eye to pick them out. Every time the screws are turned the lathe makes a new design, which could not be reproduced even at the Bureau of Engraving and Prifiting, unless an accurate rec- ord of the position of every screw was kept. The lathe, like a kaleidoscope, is capable of an endless variety of combinations. Altering any of the eccentrics alters the whole combination. “There is no use trying to counterfeit it,” said Mr. Casilear. ‘The only way one can make an approximate copy is by hand. Some of themdo it very well—that is, sometwo or three.” “These notes,” continued Mr. Casilear, referring to the U.S. greenbacks, “‘have been before the public since 1869. There have been only two counterfeits of them made, showing the super- jority of the notes engraved here. ~ These were $50 and $500 notes. When the counterfeits were discovered the old designs were aban- doned. New ones were issued. Of the green- back issue, which was in service up to 1869,each denomination was counterfeited to a large ex- tent. Of the tens and twenties fifteen or counterfeits were made. This lathe work aids in preventing anything of the kind. Every section of our work has a Varied pattern so that the counterfeiter would have to coun- terfeit the whole thing. On the old notes he could copy one section and then repeat it.” “T should think the counterfeiters would turn their attention to counterfeiting the notes of other governments,” said THE Star. “In other countries counterfeiters when de- tected are very severely punished. If we should peat these men so.as to give them their full erts when we catch them there would be less counterfeiting. There is Doyle in Chicago. He was sentenced to ten years in prison. His attor- neys, of whom he had four, are now pleading to get hina new trial. They will succeed per- haps, and when it comes to the trial in all prob- abllity he will be acquitted. There is Brockway, who has been counterfeiting forty years. Out of his whole life he has been in prison not more than two years.” COUNTERFEITING BONDS. “How about counterfeiting bands?" “Qur bonds, our four and five per-cents, it is impossible to counterfeit so as to deceive an ex- pert. They have work si them that makes them absolutely secure. Now, on the four-per-cents ‘the-portfalt is an absolute check. Very few en- gravers could counterfeit that.” “How do our engravers compare with those of Cohn lands. a ; “The English engravers, in some respects, are considered etter than ours. Our methods are different. When an Englishman comes here he has to work according to our methods. Each line has to be well engraved in the sa al for furnishing paper, so that in the hardening process i comes out in bold relief on the roll. lish engravers engrave for effect lines which would not take in a roll. If they chould attempt to bank-note work, they would fail. 1 is an art peculiar to thisvountry. It was invented by a man named Perkins, of phere deat Perkins went to England and associated himself with one of the most noted engravers of the day. He got upa note which he wanted the Bank of England to adopt. It had the head of George IV. repeated by the transfer process around the border of the note. The directors of the Bank of es ae had all the old staid English ideas. ir, Con- ve Was a] on a committee to roughly into and he reported - inst drove Perkins 1 himself in the time bank-note ¢ ek hi note b business, Since that and also at #1 counterfgiters get rich?” 9 ve made money. This man Le Charley Smith, “had oe Bs “Do Star. ‘its day was the best,” replied “ Mr. Casilear. _ “The government took eighty-four of thera, and the fraud was discovered by the a . G81 counterelt was, as |. Brockway was very ex- 1 in ing. He took lessons from Vf. Sil Yale college.” 3 “How eonld an impression have beens! from your plates 7” “Andmpression might have been taken with 8 sheet of tin foil or wax covered with or other non-conductor. By putting this in a Smee battery a perfect fac simile could be ob- tained. An impression could not be taken from one of our plates without discovery. Tell-tales are attached ta the presses, with calendar ar- rangement, which shows each movement of the press. We can account for every impression pee from the ar Then goes! a4 = only so many sheets paper, wi . wi e different checks used, makes it absolutely im- possible to get an extra impression without de- tection.” SKILLFUL COUNTERFEITERS. “Who have been the most skillful counter- feiters of modern times ?” “Chas. Ulrich, Tom Ballard, Wm. White, Ben. Boyd, Chas. H. Smith, Hart "Pierce and’ Pete McCartney. Ulrich is now living in Trenton. Ballard and White are in prison. Boyd, Smith, and McCartney are at lange. Pierce died about nine months ago. There is Smith's likeness,” said Mr. Casilear, taking from his desk a photo- graph of a benevolent looking old gentleman. “He was aman held in high estimation until about a yearago. He is a very fine engraver, having worked for the bank note companies. He has done work for us, though he never worked in thé building. The engraver yery rarely pushes the money,” contined Mr. Casi- lear. “They are employed by men called ‘pro- moters.” That man Brockway is a promoter. Heemploys men. He is a head center.” HOW COUNTERFEITS ARE DISCOVERED. When a suspected note is received by the gov- | ernment it is submitted to the inspection of Mr. Casilear as an expert. Unless it isa very clever counterfeit the quick eye of the expert will de- tect the fraud at once. Every line, even the but- tons on the coats of the distinguished statesmen, whose portraits adorn the notes, are taken into | When ali the differences are dis- covered a circular is prepared and given to the press. This warns the public against. the coun- terfelt and gives an accurate description of it. THE BICYCLE WORLD. NOTES OF INTEREST TO CLUB MEN AND UNAT- TACHED The question of the validity of an order of the park commissioners of New York, excluding bicyclers from Central Park has been up during the last week. The principal witness against the “machine” was Samuel G. Hough of the Monarch line of steamships, who testified re- Losing teen accident in Chicago two years ago, When there was a collision between a bicycler and his (Hough's) horses. The latter ran away and Mr. Hongh was thrown out and had his arm ‘THE PRESENT SYSTEN 4 BAD OXE—HOW TO REN- APY IT—A BRIGHT SUGGESTION—A STEAMER FOR MOTHERS AND BABIES. To the Kditor of The Star: Thave a baby. There is nothing whatever the matter with it,but every mother with one baby like every hen with one chicken, knows ihat anything may happen at any minute. I have a colored wet nurse, Wid Has AIS) a baby. It Suited me recently to take the nurse and the two babies down the river. It also suited me to hold the colored baby—the black baby, not to ral times during the day, while my own baby had a romp in her mammy’s strong arms. There was a country excursion party on board the steamer, and between the dances squads of ex- cursionists promenaded the deck, frequently en- tertaining themselves while both amusing aad annoying me, by wondering audibly whether that could be my baby. “Oh-h-i-h; did you ever?” said the excursion- ists. A similar freedom marked the!r conduct inall | respects, and their simple confidence in them- | Selves, together with their utter disregard of the fact that a steamer is a public conveyance, and | that other people have rights, were almost | Worthy of admiration. Amazement was freely | accorded them. At present if a mother takes her nurse and | baby down the river her life isa burden till she | takes them inside her doors again at night. if | she takes her baby without a nurse the burden | is almost greater than she can bear. If she takes three or four children, heaven help her! Her hand is against every man and every 1 ‘shand against her. The women on board without babies join hands against her also. One cannot | blame them very much. She is decidedly in the | Way with her rampant children, particularly if the children manage the mother. | ‘old him, please, and make him give it back to you. He'll mind you and he won't.ne,” said a mother whose boy was prancing up and down the deck astride of my parasol. That is a Solem’ state of things, but one sees such | mothers ashore, sometime: | ,, There were at least forty sick babies on board the boat on that dreadful day. What could be worse for all concerned? ‘The excursionists evi- dently felt that the mothers had conspired against them, and swept down upon them, an army with nursing-bottles and rattles. Mothers, on their side, found the excursionists a public nuisance, and would have abated them if they could. There is a current belief that frequent trips on the water will heip sick babies on the road to recovery. A mother sends for the doctor to see | her sick baby. | “Take it down the river! Go directly, and go two or three times a week. Sick or well that | will do it good,” cry the doctors. Even those | Who could not get inside the White House gates agree in this and swell the chorus, “Take it | down the river!" |, It means everything of misery to the mother; put too fine a point upon it—upon my lap seve- | iy api but that must not be thanght of, and she begins broken. He concluded his testimony with these | : aught of, and she begins Sse wore: “I consider the bicycle the | = a for the bate up and down in search of most dangerous thing to life and property ever | # YF ‘ 2 invented’ The gentlest of aig afraid of | For those who can not do thisthere is another it.” The other testimony was from police offi- | WY only a trifle more wretched. I know three cers who had seen horses “shy” at bicycles. Sergt. Wm. A Reyell of the mounted squad, said that the riders of the bicycle were gentlemen, and he knew they generally dismounted when- ever they saw that horses were frightened. MACHINE ITEMS. The bicycle meet receatly in London was the most successful they have yet had. Close upon 2.500 bicycle riders were on the ground, and nearly 1,900 joined in the procession. | colored women wito wash and iron every day in | the week, and who at 4 o'clock in the morning take each a poor, little sick baby and go for a forlorn walk to and fro through the mists along the river front. There is no salt inthe breeze they get for their babies. The health officer himseif could not teil what does enter into its composition, but “the doctors say” that the river breeze is healthy, and these miserabie little lives may be prolonged, if not saved, these mothers think. They could not go down the | take a bicycle trip through Europe this summer, river with their babies, to be sure; but so strong is their belief ina breeze that 1 have no doubt that success awaits the man who takes my ad- vice in this matter. x Let a steamer be fitted up for mothers and babies. The one from whose deck I caught the breeze had no Uasin, no towels, no hot water. as an old nurse put it, “No nothin’ and no ways The collecting of old prints and engravings ot the Draisine and early bicycling literature and art is becoming quite a matter of competition in England of late. It is worth something to see | what our “gran'thers” laughed at. | The fall race meeting of the L. A. W. will probably be held in New York city, the polo for nothin’.” grounds affording a good track, and the hoped But this ideal boat will have rocking chairs, for opening of the park would probably make | ¢Tibs perhaps, dozens of towels and dozens of the assembly of whbelmen ‘secon only te the | towel-rackes in short, let a committec of remnecn Boeonmed Se ene Only HODe a cmatel ante icipiee tern tee The newest in long excursions is this: | daily trip of this boat. “It will leave, say at haif- Two | ¢ past nine o'clock in the morning, and will reach gentlemen have started from Tucson, Ari., on | the city again at about five inthe Sp bicycles, intending to ride to Hermosillo, in So- | making no lauding during the trip. nora, Mexico. They will probably have a fine | In piace of the usual lunch counter, some en- spin, as the roads are said to be good all the | terprising person will establish a bazar for the way, and the scenery most romantie. | sale of ru iver rings, rattles, balloons, Aa eee J. H. Taylor, captain of the Harvard club of | b¥-horses, seed cakes, soda crackers and milk. Cambridge, and-Secretary Thorndike intend to | G2@4Y: shrill whistles, penny trumpets and there will be stacks of nats from which to re- place those that are lost overboard. No band will be needed, for every mother will sing her baby to sieep in any Key that ehe chooses. A boat load of mothers could endure the wor- rying. crying and playing of a boat load of ba- bies, and any courageous father or any woman not a mother who came on board would do so at his or her own risk: sailing from New York on the20th inst. Theroute | will be London, Newhaven, boat thence to | Dieppe, “Rouen, Paris, Dijon, across the Jura | Geneva, Ciamounix, ‘over Tete Noir to | Maligny, Chilae, Villeneuve, Vevey, Lausanne, | Fribourg, Berne, Bale, Strasbourg, Baden- Baden, Carlsruhe, Heidelburg, Frankfort, Mainz, | Coblenz, Cologne, Aix-la-Chapelle, * Liege, drums should be placed under an injunction, but | the matter, oystoms, That | Rugby eo established | success Waterloo, Brussels, Antwerp. The route, as expect to cover it in about five weeks’ travel. In my opinion, says President Bates, of De- troit, the L.A.W. is now strong enough to or- ganize a race burean, to take charge of al! ama- teur bicycle racing in this country, prescribe uniform rules, require accurate and prompt re- ports from the clubs managing such races, with names of entries, time and distance, and state- ment of prizes, the name to state after each entry the club he belongs to, the number of his ticket, place of residence and the conditions of his admission, if not a club or league member, such bureau to preserve and annually present a tabulated report of such races, thereby collecting and preserving the records of American amateur rformances and standing, which records would of the highest interest and value. Such burean should have power to hearand determine appeals, complaints, ete to expel or sus- pend offenders. An assessment of 10 cents on each race entry would provide for necessary ex- penses. CHUNKS OF WISDOM FROM DETROIT. Poor ride goeth before a fall. The bumped child dreads the tire. Pope tempers the rim to the born slam. There’s many a slip *twixt the saddle and the hip. In going over a ratty road, handle with care. wheel. Clubs lead to much practice; and much prac- tice at the bar leads to distinction in the L. Tule of a good club shor!4 be to so let r light site before men that they, seeing good work, shall glorify bicyelin, It is in riding with a company that the bicy- cler observes the poetry of motion, soarings after the infinite, and divings after the un- fathomable. 3 How can asolitary rider find outall these solid chunks of wisdom alone? He can’t. But in a club he will have some of them borne in upon him by observation, and the rest by emphatic oral testimony. There was a solitary bicycler gliding grace- fully along country road. He was I. There was a ditch with running water. The wheel- ‘mag ran fearlessly delick been a club present I should after a while-—consumedly. I did, paige ie bie times. But the really en; good thing, with fresh, nore howe within @ tulle, csunct utograph. my ai have laughed- a # & i One OF THE Sicxs oF : started six now issued 2 paper is sure the Fant ot of the board of an estimate i i : : i a i i ag i i 4 m SAYS 8D planned, is about 1.300 miles, and the tourists | It is a wrong lane that has no turning for the | Upon the whole, Lam so pleased with my own plan that if somebody doesn't take it up pretty soon, I may carry it out myself. I wish 1 owned a good steamboat. A IN Tsrarn. An O11 S Experience. | Tame to the oil country from the east almost ago, for I am now only turned thirty. I went to work with the determination to make a fortune or periah in the attempt. I was a book-k | at that time, and was able to command quite a | decent salary, and by dint of strict economy I managed to get enough money together to buy # lease and managed to get a weil put down by a speculator. Before I could realize what had happened I was in possession of a fortune. Oil commanded a good price, and I was on the top wave of success. Do you see that waliet ? Flat, isn’t it? Weill. that same wallet fairly bulged with money then—money that I hardly knew what to do with. Everything I touched turned into gold and I was counted the Incklest man in the country. I took things coolly and didn’t make a great spread: but I was foolish enough te think I was fixed for life and could take things easy. Right on the top wave of su cess I got married and we went abroad. N. I'm not going to tell you a love story oranything of the sort, tor matters of that nature are better | left unsaid. Iwill say, however, that my wi didn’t know a blessed thing about house’; pin, and I do not believe that she knew fhe difference between a frying pan and a pot-lid. I did, though, for | fa Touzhed it In the west. Well! We went and enjoyed ourselves, my agent in the ofl country attending to business matters, | and, as I subsequently learned, appropriated a good share of the profits for himself. He let the debts accumulate ata terrible rate and managed to get things mixed up in hopeless confusion. With minds free around the world ina leisurely mannér, and in thé course of six months we landed in New York and came home. My agent, hearing of our return, absconded with all the money he ‘could lay hands on, and when I took the helm of business I found everything going the wrong The debts and et all my creditors made a swoop on me, an them have every dollar had on earth, Tsquared up with them and came out penniless. was nothing left forme but to begin life over again and work and wait ly and to hope for better day I turned m; on the Iife of wealth and ed to win another fortune, and I will, for the wheel of fortune will some day come around to me.—Philadeiphia Times. ——_—_e.—__= .The Gallows Tree. EXECUTION OF THE TALBOTT BROTHERS. Albert P. and Chas. E. Talbott, who were con- victed of the murder of their father, Dr. Perry H. Talbott, on the 18th of last i sentenced to be hanged on June 25, but reapited until J 2 of Ses meee without a dollar. That was only a few years | LIFE AMONG THE INDIANR—THEIR OOCTPATIONS AND IDEAS OF MAPPINESS—cORIOUe CCsToMS— HOMAGE TO NONTEZUMA—Ax UMPROVEMENT BOOM ON THE GILA. {Correspondence of Twn Stan.) Aeva Dune, Arizona, July 13, 1881. Wishing t Tehew my subscription for Tae | Sra, T wi at the same time write something | about this far-away country, hoping a little { Rews from a quarter so remote may pr a passing diversion to the readers of Tur Star, j who must by this time havea surfeit of Bull and Roscoe Conkling. The former by his masterly inactivity has succeeded, through in- | terviews, special correspondents, and the asso- clated press, in having himself advertised datly | in almost every paper in the United States to | the exclusion of all the other Indians in the | country, and the latter by cutting off his nose to | Spite his face is at present dividing the honors ofthis dead-head advertising with his more for- | tunate rival, who at least has been able to hold (his. position. But I did not start out to write about cither of these celebrities, but of the Pimas, Maricopas and Papagoes, who cer- tainly deserve 9 little notice for knowing how to behave themselves. These Indians have been for many years friendly disposed towards Ameri- cans, and rendered Gen. Crock valunble aid in helping him subdue the wily and ferecious | Apache, who had been for years a terror to set= tlers and prospectors in this territory. The Pimas aud Maricopa's reservation extends from the mouth of Salt river, where it empties into u ja, about 60 miles almost due cast nearly jto the town of Florence, the Gila being the southern boundary line. THESE TWO TRIBES number about six thousand souls, and are prin- | cipally occapied in agricultural pursuits, raising fine crops of wheat and barley, their wheat alone | this season amounting to several million pounds, | Which commands a higher price than auy | wheat raised on this coast, chiefly owing to the | Superb meaner in which it is cleaned. | HOW sHE SQUAWS WINNOW WHEAT. This work is generally done by the squaws, who, with simply a basket of their own manufac ture, anda strong breeze, areable to removeevery | particle of dust, straw and chalf, jeaving the #rain beautiful and bright in colors of amber and gold. No machinery has yet been made that can successfully compete with this primitive pro- | cess of the Indian woman. Is f not a sad com- ary on fhe boasted Yankee ingemuity of the They also raise corn, melons, pumpkins, beans, sweet potatoesand some other vegetables, and own quite a number of swine and some fine cattle and thousands of dogs. The ponies are only used for riding, the oxen for farming pur- poses, and the dogs, with their howling and | barking, to make the day hideous and the night | more so. Their huts are made of sticks and | dirt, and are about five feet high and thirty in circumference, and resemble in ap a large inverted bowl. The door is only two feet high and one foot wide, and is always cut in the east side of the hut in order to give Montezuma | a buena vista or good view of the ing Uraves: | at his coming with the rising sun. I have seen the representatives of nearly every race on earth, but for genuine enjoyment of the present, and total indifference for the future, the Pima In- dian carries off the prize. A pony and enough + | to eat make him supremely happy. THE COSTUME OF THE NATIVE ARIZONTAN. His ideas of dress are slightly at variance with the prescribed mode of his pale-faced brother; in fact, he is most dressed when least dressed; the approved style, for grand occasions, being sunshine and paint.’ They work very little, spin not at ail, yet Solomon in all his glory was not: clothed like one of these. But all this glory of | the children of the forest is passing away; the | white man with his railroads and telegraphs is making his influence felt on these burning des- erts, and the red man marks his coming and is fast falling into the ways of civilization. He is already an inveterate gambier and never loses an opportunity to get drank, and the only one who speaks good English on the reservation ran { off with another Indian's wife a few days ago. 1 only mention these facts to shew you how rap- idly the Indian can be civilized if he only has the | chance. But we must not blame the Indians | for this: what else could be expected from his surroundings and the example set him by the class of men who generally form a large element in all frontier countries? Preachers prefer re- maining in communities where can be sup- plied with the pleasant things of life. When the country is sufficiently settled up to furnish them these luxuries ‘y will come, but then | the Indians will be gone to Hades. Of course, there are many worthy exceptions, and I am glad to note one here. The Indians on this reservation are Fagg sg fortunate in having the Rev. C. H. Cook for their missionary. He has pen with them as teacher and minister for a number of years and thoroughly understands their language and their wants, and has to a large degree their confidence. He is a conscien- tious Christian, and is devoting his life to the work of Christianizing these Indians. AN IMPROVEMENT BOOM. : The Pima agency has had a big boom in the way of improvements within the last few months, under the immediate supervision of Major B. Townsend, U.S. Indian inspector. On his arrival here. in November last, he at once began @ #ys- tem of improvements that were much needed, and which will not only greatly enhance the value of the government ty, but will be | of immense and lasting tothe Indians on the reservation. One of the first things he did | Was to cut a ditch six miles long, cafrying 460 | inches of water, which is carried over the south tt of i ila 0 ane ie eae long, 4 feet wide and 10 hiches deep, thus giving the | 48 abundance of water for all purposes, ae | supplying the Indians bountifully for irrigating | their crops. The new agency building, for the azent and employes, is a model of comfort and convenience, and presents a fine appearance, as | its well-defined proportions stand ott clear-cut | against the beautiful blue of an Arizona gky. | It is two stories high, built of adobes, whic | Much resemble Wisconsin brick, and are much | superior to those generally used in this terri- | tory. has two vy wit | shingle roof, with ventilators 4x18 feet, rooms and two halls seven feet wide. | are plastered aid whitened. and the whole | building is handsomely finished throughout praca — red yep The windows are rge and protected by n Venetian blinds. | The Indian police, organized by Major Town- | send, are very efficient and do good work. They | ave armed with Winchester have a neat | gray uniform, and are proud of the service. The | School, which is in charge of Mr. J. 8S. Arm- | Strong, has been in a flourishing condition | during’ the past Mr. | Virginian, and a ‘graduate of the University indows, , fourteen The walls | departments, , is > jualified to disch: juties of his | en io a es two blades of one grew before. is and as Mt i ve Cortana erncre nage grew before, he certainl: to be a benefactor of also a native ; 4 i j