Evening Star Newspaper, June 12, 1880, Page 7

FUNCTIONS OF PLANT LIFE. yaten nd ‘Therapeutic Rela- = tions of House-plants, {Journal of Chemistry. ] ‘The jon of the influence of house-plants oy air of tne rooms in which they are kept has been much discussed at one time and another. The old idea was that they were in- Jurious to health, especially in sleeping rooms; and this is probably still the popuiar opinion, though Itwas long since shown to be errone ous. The chief tune" tons of piant-life that hav, een supposed to bear upon this question ar’ the absorption of carbonic acid, the exhalation ‘Of oxygen, and the production of ozone; and it has been ‘conclusively proved that these pro- cesses all go on too slowly to have any apprect- able effect, whether for good or evil, upon the air of an ordinary room. ‘There remains, however, another function of ants which has generally been disregarded tn ye Consideration of this question namely, that Of transpiration, or the exhalation of moisture by the leaves. It is curious that this should hhave been overlooked in all the discussions of the effects of systems of heating, especially of hot-air furnaces, upon the humidity of the air in dwellings. So far as we are aware, attention ‘Was first drawn to Its importance in this con- nection by an article in the American Natura! ist for December, i579, from the pen of Dr. J. M. Anders. He has more recently read a paper on the subject before the medical alucant of the University of Pennsylvania. which ts printed in full in the Philadelphia Medical Tinws of May 8, *Tt tue was known of this transptratory func. tion of plants until recently, and Dr. Anders’ own investigations have brought out some curious and siriking facts,to which we can only make briet reference here. For instance, the average rate of transpiration for plants having thin, soft leaves—itke geraatum, lan- tanas, ete.—!s found to be an ounce and a half Of watery Vapot per Square foot of leaf-sur- face for twelve diurnal hours of clear weather. AU this rate. a { tree like the Washington Eim at Cambridge, which has been estim ited to have :00,00 square feet of leaf-surtace, would exhale seven aud three-quarters tons of’ water in twelve hours, ‘The rate of transpiration for @ house-plant 1s at least 50 per cent more rapid than for cne in the open air, and It is evident, ‘On the face of it, that a number of such plants must have a material Influence upon the hu- midity of the air in which they are kept. Dr. Anders bas made experiments that establish this beyond a doubt. We add some extracts from his article referring to this and other Polnts of interest: By means ot the hydrometer the atmosphere Of two rooms at the Episcopal Hospital, in Which the conditions and dimensions were, in every re=pect, similar, were tested simuitane- Ously, In order to note the variations produced by growing plants. In the window of one of the rooms were sttuated five thrifty plants; the Other con’ained none. For elghteen consecutive days the dew point of the room containing plaptsgave an average complement one and a alf degrees lower than the room in which there Were no pian ‘To make ft sure that the difference in humid- ity was due solely to tae presence of the plants were varied and further observa- the results were similar. S Well known that certain maladies— especially those ant the lungs and air- Passages—are benefited by a moderately moist 2nd warm atmosphere, and since plants furnish warm air of a dwelling, these May properiy be classed as therapeutic agents, and Dr. gives testimony to show that they have imes proved to be such agents, He quotes a letter from Dr. Hiram Corson, of Conshohocken, Pa., who after stating that the Majority of bis brothers and sisters had diad of consumption, continues as follows: I mention these cases 0 show that the ferns of the di- Sease were with the family. Thirty years ago my eldest sister, then above 50 years of , ‘was reported by her physician, Dr J. Poa vice ‘Um of tubercular consumption, to which disease | = Would succumb before the coming summer. he was a lover of plants and flowers, and cul- vated them In doors and out. The spring saw her again mving among her plants, and the Winter found her confined to the house, and Sometimes for weeks to her bad-chamber, which, like the sitting-room, was literally a’ g eon. house. Visitors and friends often Spoke to her Of the impropriety of having so many growing ants in her rcom, reminding her of the tra- ition that they were injurious. Sill, every Spring found ber again on her feet, tn the yard and garden, nui her plants,’ and every Winter coutined to her room. And thus she lived, year aiter year, until two years ‘when. at the age of $5, she passed away. W ter after winter we looked for her death, the cough, expectoration, and weakness justifyl our apprehensions, and yet her S5th year round her cheerful and happy, living among her plants and enjoying the society of her friends, lay we not delleve that the vast exhalation from these plants—water purified and medi- —_ by tht: vital chemistry—pr. longed her reo Dr. Anders also made personal tnquiries of thirty gardensrs and florists of Philadelphia concerning the effects of their occupation upon their health, and found that tn several instances - Consumptive tendencies had apparently been counteracted by working among plants. Some Qf the cases are described in detail, but we can quote only the following conclusions drawn from then: From the above cases tt will be seen that What we have deduced trom experimental re- Sults, concerning the health-giving effects of lants (which ts owing to transpiration tncreas- the humiatcy of air—the plants acting as natural and perfect ‘‘atomizers” is entirely in harmony with what 1s observed concerning the effect of suficiently moist, warm air in many cases of phthists: and if it ts true, as we have attempted to demonstrate, that ‘house- plant bygtene constitutes a valuable preventive qneasure where there is hereditary tendency to Certain diseases, then it ought to be detinitely and thoroughly under ; and it fs of vital importance that It should be adopted in cases where there 1s a known predisposition to athisis, for half of the cases are supposed to reveptable. whereas tf the disease be allowed to Spas complete recovery is not to be ex- pecte The plants should be well selected and kept ina thriving condition. The chief potnt to borne in miud in the selection of the plants are, firs{, that they have soft, thin leaves; secondly, foliage plants, or those having extensive leaf- Surface, are to be referred thirdly, those which are highly scented (as tuberose &c..) should be avoided, because they often give rise to headache and other unpleasant symp- In order to facilitate a practical application of the data gained by experiment the following formula has been carefully prepared: Given a Toom 20 feet long, 12 feet wide and ceiling 12 feet high, warmed by dry air,a dozen thrifty Plants With soft, thin leaves and a leaf-surface Of 6 square feet each would, if well watered, And so Situated as to recelve the direct rays of the sun (preferably the moraing sun) for at least’ several hours, raise the proportion of — Vapor to about the health standard. obtain the best results, both the rooms occupied during the day and the sleeping apart- ments should contain plants. It was for a long time the opinion of scientific interpreters gen- erally that plants in Sleeping apartments were unwholesome, because of their giving off car- bonie acid gas at night; but {t has been shown by sexperiment that it would require twenty ‘turitty plants to produce an amount of the gas €quivalent to that Inhaled by one baby sleeper; 50 this fs no valld objection to thelr admission. and not to be compared with the benefit arising from their presenc A Great Exploit. Every one knows that Prof. Nordenskjold has Performed an exploit which may do more wo unite nations who at present are too much in- clined to reyard each other as aliens, and only as ible enemies, than almost achievement of the present day. He has tra- and shown that it i versed the northeast 1s practicabl- for commerce. What this implies, With regard to its by no means remote effects ‘On Intercomm! ym and good will, will be at ‘once conceived, when it ts pointed out that one Com up of and isolated ventral Siberia, which is expedition ‘under sir i Wy uni Mlougn ‘Chancelor. English, Duteh*Danish am Russian expeditions have entered on the task, only to from it in discomfiture, if not in dis- 4 s @ cee A i Hl 14 i EF HL ge i f i i ‘ i 3 a 3 “4 HE Ht i i E " EE i 3 iy FF i rer § i i Bot surat ‘othe cast, Tsing, “*Lot jeep wy MeMOry green.” O land of winter and of bloom, Of ringing bird and aang: pine, Thy golden Meht, thy tender gloom, ‘Thy vales aud mountains, ail are mine! Thy holy loves of other years With beck'ning hands toward we lean, Ang whisper through their falling tears, **Lord, Keep my memory green.” burning 1 feel her breezes fan my Ae I would not give the Hight she tings Across my future's landscape scene For ai the pomp and power of kinss; “Lord, keep my memory green.” Let memory near my soul abide, With eye and veice to warm and win, Til hope and raemory, side by side, Shall walk above the tides of sin, Till from life's western lakes and rills The angel hfts the sunset sheen i hangs it o'er the eastern hiils, ‘Lord, keep my memory green.” —James G. Clark WOMEN DRIVE? CAN An Old Liveryman Tells of His Ex- perience with the Sex. [Albany Evening Journal.) “Isn't it rather singular that women never learn how to drive a horse properly ?” remarks seme irate man as he inspects a tired animal and finds the bridle over its ears and the bits half way down its throat. “Bat women can drive,” cries a champton of thesex. ‘ Don’t they drive seven or eight mtles to market with vegetables or loads of hay? Don’t they take their babes out to ride when- ever they can get hold of a horse? Why, there hever was a woman who couldn't drive, and some of them can handle a horse much better than their busbands can.”” “Can women drive? and do you let them handle your best horses?” were the questions put to a good-natured livery keeper by an in- terested party. “ Drive!” be answered. “I should think they could; but as to letting them our best horses, that is another matter. We have horses in our Stabies few men could drive. We keep what we call safe horses for ladies’ use—the kind that Will go anywhere ff you Just guide them—old family nags, sensible enough to trot along and mind their own business, and not fret if they fare pulled two ways at once.” “Do you object to letting horses out for women to drive?” “ No, indeed; we have from twelve to fitteen ladies ‘a week come to us for horses, and we give them good ones, too; but, somehow, ‘women fret horses when they drive them, so we don’t care to give them high-spirited animals. Now, look at that sorrel,” pointing to one from which the harness had just been removed. “I let that horse this morning to a bit of a woman with wrists no bigger than my two fingers. I didn’t want to let it go, because it’s such an ugly puller. I told her it had a mouth like tron, but she said she wanted to take an old aunt that was visiting her out to see the town, and she drove off quietly enough. But half an hour after I saw her coming down Woodward avenue like a streak of lightning, everybody running to get out of the way, and the old aunt hangin: on for dear life. She just had the lines woua arou nd those little wrists, and braced her feet on the dash board, and when she came to a cor- her whisked round it on one wheel. The rig came in all right, but that horse won’t gat its breath for a week.” “ Do they often meet with accidents and have @smash-up?” “No. It is curious, but a woman will take a team through a dozen hairbreadth escapes and bring it back all right. We have any amount of trouble with men, who take our best , Bet on a spi and break things all to pieces. A woman Js either more cautious, or she will call upon every man in sight to help her out of the scrape. They are more apt to lose their heads in a crowd or collision, but there 1s most always some special providence at hand to help them. If you notice, the most disastrous runaways —o wher some man has the reins.” Further talk developed the fact that women were not considerate in their management of horses. They forget to blanket them in winter and to tle them in the shade in the summer. ‘They sometimes use the reins as hitching straps, and have a settled dislike to learning proper names for harness. Not one in a hundred could tell the difference between the surcingle and the martingale, or had the least idea to which end of the animal the crupper belonged; and if compelled to divest a horse of its trap- Pings would undo every buckle in the service, and take the collar off over the animal’s hi to all of which the intelligent beast would sub- mit, as if charmed by being steadily talked to during the process in the witching tones of a womab’s voice. All of this may be a libel on the sex, but it is certainly true that when an old famlly horse, with a ten-minute galt, comes see-sawiug down the street with a comically reckless air of run- ning away, a woman’s head looks out from un- der the buggy top, a woman's hand guides the steed In its eccentric orbit, and a woman’s voice shouts in distinct tones, “Wh-0-o-a-a,” at the same moment that the reins are jerked and the whip applied, while lgstrians scud to the side pedi lewalk in terror. However liable a woman 1s to run over a cow or a Street car, she wil always stop or turn out fora baby. ‘This is one of the Instincts of her maternal heart to which even “get up’ gl-a-n-g” is sacriticed. CROSSTIES AND T&LEW. 2: @ a POLES. EAE: How They Are Made, and What ‘They Cest. (Cincinuati Commercial} But few people comparatively have any idea of the amount of ‘timber used tn the construc- ton of a single railroad, We hear that our forests are rapidly disappearing, and we know that material for buliding and fuel causes the sacrifice of many leafy monarchs of the forest; yet only the initiated know that it yearly takes 200,000 ‘acres of forest to supply crossties for the railroads of the United States. We inter- viewed a (pels who has been in the busi- ness for thirty years, and concluding that his observations and experience would be of interest to the readers of the Commercial, we give the substance of his talk. It takes 15,000,000 ties to mand on our for which, on an srersee the pte get thirty-five cents a iece, making in the aggregate $5,250,000. In ullding a new road the contractors figure. on 2.700 ties to the mile, while it takes 300 ties to the mile to keep a constructed road in repair. Contractors of course buy pieces of timber land as near to the proposed line of road as possible, paying for the timber on an average of about per acre, or giving the proprietor of the land ten cents for every tie gotten out. The average of a good piece of timber land is two hundred Ues to the acre and twelve tles to the tree. The size of a cross-tle differs on different roads, but the usual size demanded 1s eight feet six inches long and eight inches face. hite or burr oak is considered the best Umber for the purpose, although cherry, maple, ash and even locust have been u: The last named were first used on the Little Miami ratiroad, and after a Ume thrown aside as unfit for the pu an axe to those sawed in a mill, and many con- tend that the first named will considerably out- last the sawed ties. This theory is probabl¥ a mistaken fallacy,as sawed Les have been placed alongside of hewn ties, and remained sound Lepefoding 4 pe — ee an army Of choppers, who ere ten cents apiece for each Ue. A continued practice makes e choppers quite opet in the vse of the axe, anda le man has been known to get out 35 es in a ; yet the average Is only 10,whilean expert will probably get out 2. During the war, when tles sold at from 50 to 65 cents, choppers were paid 12:5 cents apiece. Although the con- tractor gets 35 cents apiece from the railroads for each Ue, still there 1s a loss of from five to seven per cent on doc! and steal: ctor is sent by the com to In- This is cat generally a clerk wi aa latter = about $1.75 apiece, and are swam) forests of southern Kentucky and Tennessee. Large sums of money have been made by lucky contractors in the business above descril and each only adds to increased dem: ands. Ohio has over 4,000,000 acres of wood-land, yet the COMMON The Manner in which Good Busi- mess Men Reach the Public. {N. ¥. Eventing Post.} A model advertisement is desi; to satisty the rational demand of a probable customer to know what you have got to sell. The success- ful advertiser, therefore, observes three rules: — t, he alms to which the public wants; second he atms to reach that part of the public whose wants he 13 prepared t© satisfy; aud third he endeavors to ie bo lepneer as easy of acquisition by the public as possible. MDS mistakes of jus ent have been made Jn the various ways adopted of reducing the labor of the public in gaining this kind of trade intormation. Men have plastered fences with their announcements; they have erected hi tll boards and covered them with plac: ; they have stuck painted signs in horse cars and along either side of the slips of the ferries; they lave even defaced the most picturesque aspects of nature with their glaring assertions, and thus, instead of winning and gaining the atten- | tion, have awakened an abiding disgust and re- sentment. The fallacy which underlies all these efforts to catch the public on the wing, 80 to speak, todelude men and women Into an unexpected and irresistible desire to buy the semething which you have to sell, is that ra- tional belngs do not set about shopping or buy- ing in that way. Who would think of going to the horse cars to find out where any particular article which might be needed could be bought? Who would think of making a trip to the White Mcuntains, or up the Hudson, or along the sourd, or to Watkins’ Glen, or to Niagara Falls, for a similar purpose? The cOmmpnese and handlest thing in the American family is the newspaper, and as nearly all shopping proceeds from the famlly, frem its D , its intelligence, its tastes, Its fashions, it follows that the thoughtful and successful advertiser approaches the family by this means, He does not waste his money and his Ume in loading his advertising gun and shooting it off skyward in the streets, at all creation, on the chance that some willing cus- tomer may be going that way, and may be brought down; on the contrary, he takes ac- count of the advertising ammunition which he has on hand, and loads and points his gun through the columns of some ies news- paper at the game he wants to hit. In selecting a newspaper for this purpose its general character must be carefully taken into account. Many newspapers are in the horse cars and in offices which never find their way into the family. They are not permitted to approach the real source of shopping activities, and if by chance they find their way there, as happens now and vhen, the advertisements which they contain are in a certain sense dis- credited and without the rt which good character and a pure and wholesome tone al- ways give to even the business columns of a sheet designed for circulation among intellt- gent and retined people. Beside knowing that the newspapers are the best means of advertising, and how to pick out the best_mewspapers for his purpose, the suc- cessiul advertiser fully appreciates the import- ance of persistent advertising. Mr. Bryant used to say that the great influence of the press de- nds for one thing upon {ts power of iteration. Presenting the same subject In many forms, 1t finally wins attention and acquiescence. Us d in this thorough and systematic way, the ad- vertizing columns of the newspapers are as use- ful and essential to the merchant, as means of telling the public what he has to sell, as the clerks behind the counters are to show his gocds when the people come to examine them. ‘Trees of Fate. The Chinese are accustomed to associate the fortunes of their reigning families with the livcs of trees; and each dynasty has a special tree dedicated to it. The duration of the dynasty is held to be indissolubly bound up with theex- istence of the tree; and inspection ts frequently made of the latter, in order to ascertain from its condition the prospect before the sovereign. The appearance of the tree is expected to fur- nish incontestable proof of the true state of the empire. It 1s impossible to assign an origin to this superstition, which 1s of great antiquity; but, togo no further back than the 15th cen- tury, Yungloh, the third of the Ming rulers, planted a fir tree, which endured until the over- throw, 250 years afterward, of his descendants by the Manchus. The story is told that Hwan- Tsung, the last of the Ming emperors, harged himself upon this very tree, after having killed his wives and children, rather than submit to the victorious Manchu eneral, Taltsong. This tree, known as the vry-neskea Fir, was then chained up by order of Chuntche, the first emperor of the existing imperial line; and, although fallen to the grcund, its remains, with the chain round them, are sull shown. As If in revenge for the unfor- tunate Mings, the popular fancy has evolved another superstition out of Chuntche's act; and it now as a current belief that, if the chiin were to be removed from the fallen trunk, some terrible catastrophe would happen to the Manchus. The Tsin dynasty is also not without its own peculiar tree, which was planted by Chuntche in the court yard of a temple at Tan- chessu, near Pekin. So long as this tree exists, ‘so long, it is asserted, will the Manchus remain supreme; and there are those who contend that. the future before the ruler may be divined from its condition, The latest accounts are to the effect that this tree—which ts of the white nut Species, and which has already attained the re- spectable age of two centuries and a quarter— show most striking signs of renewed vitality, and. as this happens to coincide with the state of the Chinese empire, popular credulity is being so far confirmed. How the Tiger Hides. [Sport and Work.} George was after a fine male tiger. He was followed up fast, but coming to a broad nullah, full of water, he suddenly lost sight of his game. He looked up and down the bal andon the opposite bank, but could see no of the tiger. Looking down, he saw tn the water whit he first took to be a large bullfrog. There was not aripple on the placid, stagnant surface of the poo He marveled much, and just then his mahout pointed to the supposed bullfrog, and in excited whisper implored George to fire, A keen look convinced George that it really was the tiger. It was totally im- mersed, all but the face, and 80 sul that not the faintest motion or ripple was perceptible. He fired and inflicted a terrible wound. The tiger bounded madly for- ward, and George gave it its quictus through the spine. A nearly similar case occurred old Mr. C. A tiger bolted toward a small tank or pond, and though the line followed up in hot pursuit, the brute disay Old C., keener than the others, was loth to give up the pur- suit, and presently discovered a yellowish re- flection in the clear water. ing more in tently, he could discover the yellowish tawny outline of the cunning animal, totally immersed in the water, save Its ae ears and nose. He shot the tiger dead, and it’ sank like a stone. So perfectly had it concealed itselt that the other sportsmen could not for the life of them imagine what old C. had fired at till his pereenl ges down and began to haul the dead an! out of the water. How They Settled. Several months ago there was a change of management tn one of the railroads with which Indianapolis is somewhat intimately connected, and almost immediately the heads of the pas- Senger conductors falling into the basket by importations from was due to anything else than a de to place personal friends in good yes,” he responded, “thelr method of The Cardinal's Palace. The new residence for Cardinal McClos! now in course of construction at the corner of Madison avenue and 50th street, New York, is ‘thus described: It is to be a handsome four-story bullding white marble, plain but rich. ‘The style ee ni architecture will be known as the middle pel will occujy the the second ‘floor, ressing-room adjoining it. be his private cha- will contain three southern front corner of his bed-room and ai Te Ht it : 7c Ba il i : IN ADVERTISING. — furnish the information | | and loaded with ee ee ee LOADING THE CAM. Peculiarities in His Behavior in Striking Contrast two the Ele- phant’s. “In India,” said a gentleman who recently returned to this country after living many Years in the east, “the camel is used fully as Tmuch as the elephant as a beast of burden. He 1s not so powerful as the a but he can Carry an enormous loadon his back. He does not do so willingly, however, and is by no means the patient, docile servant that the elephant soon becomes under proper training. When I first went to India as a young man I Was connected with @ mercantile firm in the borthwest provinces, and while there I had abundant opocecabity. of studying the camel, for means of carriage in that part of the coun- camels, bullocks, and men. Horses were not used as beasts of burden. Every day camels and elephants were driven up to our office door Wine and beer cases for far away customers. The elephant would go clumsily down on his knees and allow bimself to be loaded without an indication of Giscontent. I have no doubt that he would have Permitted himself to be loaded until he was crushed to the earth beneath the weight of his Joad had his driver seen fit to pile on the boxes. But the camels receiving their burdens was a spectacle never to be forgotten. They never varied in their behavior. and every one that I ever saw loaded—and I have seen thousands— acted in precisely the same manner. “The camel, when he fs not eating or drink- ing or being loaded, 1s invarlably chewing the cud, His long, crooked aT isin perpetual mo- Uon, and when he is told to lle down to receive his burden he does so without varying this in- cessant masticatory Process, | He awkwardly berds his fore knees, drags his hind legs under Lim, and comes to the ground with a curious kind of flop. All this time his long, melancholy face sLows not the slightest indication that he knows what he 1s lying down for; and this un- mistakable hypocrisy, I think, stamps the camel as an animal of a very age order of intellect. But in a few seconds the expression on the camel’s face undergoes a striking alteration. As he sees the driver approaching him with a box ou his shoulder he seems at. last to understand the indignity and torture to which he is about to be submitted, and the astonishment, virtu- Ous indignation and dismay on the ill-used ani- mai’s countenance ought certainly to make Some impression on the stony heart of tue driver, They never have the slightest effect. The man binds the first box on the wretched animal's back, and goes away to get another. Then the camel, wisely abandoning Lis efforts to move man to compassion, points his hairy ee upward, and howls his wrongs to the skies. “Never in circus, pantomime or show have I Seen anything halt so ludicrous as the camel’s appearance at that moment. His upper lp is curled back from the teeth, his under lip doubles up and aud down as though he had no further use for it, his great mouth opens so wide that one can see about half a yard down his throat, and out of the cavern thus revealed come a Serles of the most astonishing howls that ever Starued the air—howls of such abject misery that it 1s difficult to avoid the conclusion that the camel’s heart is breaking; and the impres- ston Is strengthened by the tears that flow copl- ously down the walling animal’s elongated cheeks and drip from the end of his nose. In the utterance of each note of woe the camel seems, to be exerting the utmost power of his lungs, but he fs all the time holdin a large force in reserve, and as the driver adds box after box to the pile on his back, a howl more reso- nant and heart-rending than the last testifies to each addition to the creature’s misery; and never, except when he is absolutely engaged in trumpeting his agonies into space, are the grcat watery eyes of the camel removed from the person of his persecutor; they follow him whesever he goes. and express through their tears contempt, indignation, astonishment, and dismay. I think it must have been this extra- ordinary habit on the part of the ‘ship of the desert’ ‘that gave rise to the well known ex- Pression: ‘Kt’s the last straw that breaks the camel's back. But the eastern driver has no fear of any such catastrophe, and piles up the load until it reaches almost the proportions of an Ceeeents burden. Then, the cases being fast with ropes, the camel fs told to ris, and the animal, feeling that he has conscien- tously done his whole duty by entering his protest at every stage of the work, contentedly accepts the unavoldable result, stops his tears, Suppi esses his ciles, gets up on his feet, and re- st rng bis cecup:ti n of chev 11g the cud, is (01 Teady for the week’s march that usually lies fore him.” Brida! hse In the early days of Christianity the use of bridal wreaths was repudiated because it was ected with the excesses of heathen feasts; and Tertullian chiefly rested his contention against all manner of crowns on the ground that they owed their origin to falsehood. and idolatrous worship. But by far the most interesting curious part of the famous De Coro- ha Cerived its rugged force from the argument of congruity: the use of wreaths was manifestly & vio‘ation of the intentions of nature, because the organs provided to convey to the soul of man the special enjoyment attached tothe di- vine gift of flowers, which were the . or at least principal material of wreaths, are the organs of sight and smell. With sight and smell, then, he says, make use of flowers, for these are the senses by which they are to been- j yed; use them by means of the eyes and hose, which are the members to which these Si You have got the thing from Goa, the mode of {t from the world, but an ex. tracrdinary mode does not prevent the use of the thing in the common way, Let flowel then, both when fastened into each other an tied together with thread and rush, be what they are when free, when loose—things to be looked at and smelt. You count it a crown, let us Say, When you have a bunch of them bound together in a series, that you may carry many at one time, that you may enjoy them all at ence. Well, then, lay them in your bosom it they are so sin, ly pure; and strew them on jour couch if they are so exquisitely soft; and Consign them to your cup{f they are so perfect- ly harmless. Have the pleasure of them in as maby ways as they appeal to your senses, But what taste for a flower, what sence for anything belongirg to a crown but its band, have you in the head, which ts able neither to distinguish color, nor to inhale sweet perfumes, nor to ap- preciate softnese? It is as much Inst na- ture to long after a flower with the head as it is ere are ‘with the Se ee Wo the nost jut evel whicl against na- ture deserves to. be Branded as monstrous amorg all men, but with us it is to becor- demned also as a sacrilege inst the Lord and Creator of nature. He did not object to flowers being placed in the bosom, scattered on the couch, dropped in the cup, though all these uses more than trod upon the heels of heathen luxury, because, judging between things eable to reason and things opposed to it They came under the form-category. Singularly enough, he quite overlooks the reference in Wisdom and Isaiah to festal ‘wreaths, and concludes that the people of God never induiged in the use of them either on the occasion of public rejoicing or to criminal luxury. ‘ Psalteries more suitably than with crowns; and after eating and dri un- crowned they rose up to play. For neither would the account of the re} oct nor the ex- posure of the luxury have been silent touching the honor or dishonor of the crown.” But when ‘‘uncrowned they rose up to ae the people were in the desert. “Thus, too, salah,” he continues, “with timbrels, and os and flutes, they drink wine,” would ave added with crowns, if this practice had ever had place in the things of God. Clement of Alexandria likewise declaimed Inst the — ae las oe —— the organs of and smell: “Do not encircle my head with a crown, for in time it is de- Ughtful to while away the time on the dewy meads, while soft and many-colored flowers are in bloom, and, ke the bees, enjoy a natural and pure ice, But to adorn one’s selt with a ‘crown woven from the fresh mead’ and Wear it at home were unfit for a man of tem- ea For it is not suitable to fill the wan- n hair with rose leaves, or violets, or liltes, or other such flowers, eupeine. the sward of its flowers, * * * Besides, those who crown themselves destroy the pleasure there 1s in flowers; for they enjoy neither the sight of them, sincethey wear the crown above their eyes, nor their ce, since they put the flowers away above the o1 or respiration, As beauty, 80 also the flower del when looked at, and it is meet to Laie e Creator by the enjoyment of the sight of beautiful ob- Jects.”—Nineteenth Centu “TI Doan’ go a cent on de man who am waitin, fur sunthin’ to turn up,” Luke, an’ wail an’ at last tt was de ob iaaa's toes! In de ae eiisiee ate his sentence.’ perce neem all bar Iriah butver—little pats, . DEEP SEA RESEARCHES, Remarkable Hesul's of Recent Scientific Investigations. havigation expedition in the Challenger, thevgh completed in 1876 has not until within afew months, ifeven now dean fully reduce, and some of 11s most important discoveries ate pow announced by Dr. Carpenter, its origi- nator. One of the first questions’ tts labors contribute to solve is the depth and contigura- tion of the ocean basins, The prevailing no- tion of the sea beds, Dr. Carpenter shows, needs considerable modification, none of them having been carefully outlined. except that of the north Atlantic when sounded with a view of laying the first Atlantic cable. “The form lodges the water of the deep 5 “is rather to dé Mkened to that of a flat walter or tea tray, sur- Tounded by an elevated and steeply sloping iim, than to that of the *basiu’ with which it is commonly compared;” and he adds: “The great continental platforms usually rise very abruptly from the margins of the real oceanic depressed areas” The average depth of the orean floors 18 now ascertained to be about 1300 feet. AS the average height of the en- Ure land mass of the globe above sea level 13 at out 1,00 feet, and the sea area about two and three-fourths times that of the land, it fol- lows that the total volume of ocean water is | thirty-six times that of the land above the sea level. These deductions, seemingly unim- portant except to the votary of science, are destined perhaps to serve the highest practical purposes of future deep sea telegraphy. The intelligence now quarried out of the enormous collection of later ocean researches shows the mocdern engineer and capitalist the teasibility of depositing a telegraphic cable over almost any part of the ocean’s floor, and ought to give ew confidence in the success of all such é prises properly devised and equipped. Waen { is remembered that at the beginuing of this century La Place, the great mathematician, calculated or assumed the average depth of the ct an at four miles (or 5.000 feet more than Dr. Carpenter determines it to be from actual sur- veys). and that La Place’s conclusion was the received Views among scientists until 1850 or later. we get some idea of the advance made in Unis branch of terrestrial physies by modern research. Not less interesting is a deduction Dr. Carpenter makes from the deep sea tem- Petature observations in the North Atlantic. n consequence of the evaporation produced by the long exposure of the equatorial Atlantic current its Water contains such an excess of Salt as, in spite of its high temperature to be specifically heavier than the colder underflows which reach the equator from the opposite Arctic and Antarctic basins; and consequently it substitutes itself by gravitation for the colder water to a depth of several hundred fathoms. “Thus it conveys the solar heat downwards in such a manner as to make the North Atlantic between the parallels of 20 de- grees and 40 degrees a creat reservoir of warmth,” The climatic effect of this vertical transfer of equatorial heat is obvious. If the reat heat-bearipg currents which enter the North Atlantic traversed its bosom as surface currents they would expend their warmth largely In the bigh latitudes. But, as their heavy and highly heated volumes in large mexsure descend to the deeper strata south of the fortieth parallel, their stores of tropical temperature are permanently arrested 0} stem coast, and ultimately made subser- nt to our climate. Care of Clothing. The care of clothing, to be easy, must be ha- bitual. The hardest part is informing the habit, and this cannot too early in lire be formed. Mcst children love to make mud ples and play ip the dirt generally, and give little heed to keeping themselves clean. This is all well enovgh at times, and they should be indulged in their mud pies provided they are dressed for the work. But it ts * poor folksy” in the last degree to allow a child to play in the dirt with rice clothes on, or to permit a_young person to dress inappropriately while at work. [t is vast- ly easier to change a good coat tr a poor one than it is torestore In its prisiine condi- tion @ soiled coat. It is vastly easter to put on @ pair of overalls than it is to sponge thoroughly a pair of pantaloons. But the worst Of it is, that those who neglect to change the coat and to put on the overalls neglect also the sponging and clean- sing processes, and let dust gather and “oe remain, A clothes brush, a wisp broom, a bot- tle of ammonia, a sponge, a hand-brush, a cake of erasive soap, a vial of alcohol, should form part of the nishings Of every toilet. After all dust has been removed from Clothing, spots May be taken out of black cloth with the hand- brush dipped in a mixture of equal parts of am- moni hel and water. This will brighten as well asCleanse. Benzine is useful in remoy- ing grease spots. Spots of grease may be re- moved from colored silks by putting on them Taw Starch made into a paste with water. Dust dy best removed from silk by a soft flannel, from velvet with a brush made specially for the pur- pose. If hats and bonnets when taken from the head are brushed and put away in boxes and covered up, instead of being laid down any- where, they will last fresh a longtime. Shawls and all articles that may be folded should be folced when taken from the person in their original creases and laid away. Cloaks should be hung up in place, gloves pulled out length- wise, wrapped in tissue aper and laid away, laces smoothed out nicely and folded, if re- quisite, so that they will come out of the box bew and fresh when needed a; A strip of old back broadcloth, four or tive inches wide, Told up tightly ‘and sewed to keep the roll in place, is better than a sponge or a cloth for cleansing black and ‘k-colored. clothes. Whatever lint comes from it in rub- Ding is black asd does not show, clothes are washed as they may often be pre- vious to making over, fresh clean water should ey should be pressed on the Side before being quite dry. If washed in water previously used for white clothing they will be covered with lint. In securing clothing against moths, if linen is used for wrappings no moth will mck st. Paper bags are equally good if they are perfectly tight, and so are trunks and boxes closed so Ughtly that no crevice is left open for the entrance of the moth fly. As the moth loves darkness, it will not molest even furs aoa up in light rooms open to air and sunshiie Bernhardt’s New Gowns. (Paris Letter to New York World.] Felix, the great man-milliner, sent out invi- tations the other day to a select few to view Sara Bernhard’ts dresses for the new London periormances, Sara has startedon what will J erbaps be her last journey with the members of the Comedie-Francaise, she and several other comrades having ed an engagement to play in London before the late quarrel. Felix has made the ‘never mind who has lays. They are to dazzle London, Paris in lace; hence the invitation. I went was extremely delighted, not so much with the frocks, for, though they were yery beautiful, 1 was hardly able to appreciate them, but with the scene, I passed two solemn feminine book-keepers inthe ante-room down Gin Bet eee oe eee t stuffy entresol, it oug] it was broad day outside, and filled with a crowd of women almost kneeling in rapture be- fore the sacred objects. These Saints a la mode de Paris were displayed on chairs and sofas—propped up so as to make them look as much as possible as if the real Sara were inside. There were fifteen headless Women in fact, There was every variety of beauty, as beauty is understood tera. “One magnificent thing in black satin, dotted all over with jet, almost stood by its own weight. This, 1 believe, is for “L’Et- rangere” for the solemn entry of Mrs. Clarkson im Cne scene of one act. Another, made of a ores, looked exactly Uke an eulargod elt ‘or re looked ex: an o Dresden china work, the roses stant ‘out with a crispness a8 thoug! carved or cast. Then there was a Turkish Gress, Adrienne Lecourreur, with deat of bril Out one of his and twisted her round and round to show the wicker Sara set forth to carry war into Britain. THE PUBLIC BULLDINGS OF PaRis.—The erty of the aad of ([ UE MILD POWER CURES. HUMPHREY HOMEOPATHIC SPECIFIC 1:00 FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGI:! Or sent by ihe cae, oF einwle vial free’of chase, oa Address HUMPHREYS’ 7 [OMEO} pt 7 AS aapeeenepel ae eee a Cure (144 Drses), sent free oa, OD Disease and 1 HE LE FEVRE LUNG PAD, A POSITIVE REMEDY AND CURE FOR CONSUMPTION, SPITTING OF | BLOOD, BRONCGITIS, ASTHMA, COUGHS, COLDS, CATARRH IN ALL ITS FORMS, AND ALL DISEASES OF THE PUL- MONARY ORGANS. THE MOST HEALING REMEDIAL AGENT KNOWN TO SCIENCE. Cures by absorption. Ten minutes wear will de- mouttrate its healing qualities. THEOW AWAY YOUR COD LIVER OIL AND COUGH SYRUPS. ‘The LE FEVRE LUNG PAD acts directly upon ataftected and cures by a natural process of n, ation. y doge the atomach with nauseous drucs when the seat of disease is in the Luge? ‘The Pad is composed of Baisams and Cordials of the most soothing ind healing character. Many of its ingredients are exceedingly rare, and found only in France, where every Pad sold by us is man: ufactured. THIS GREAT REMEDY AND CURE Bas attracted the widest attention an the Conti- nent, and has effected thousands of cures, many of which haye teemed miraculous rather than cases of natvral healing. We have the most unequivocal testimony to their curative powers, from persons of high character aud intelligence. We guarantee that the LE FEVRE LUNG PAD Will heal and. Sper dea and Brcione, life in the WORST CaSES of TUBEROULAR CONSUMP- ‘TION, and will effect a cure in every case if the disease has been only recently contracted. Persous suffering from ASTHMA, BRONCHITIS, CATARRH, WEAK LUNGS OB BLCOb SPITTING, ‘Will find the PAD an inestimable boon! For eaie only by the LOLMES MEDICINE CO., Prrrssuna, Pa., Wi Sole Agenta for the United States and ‘ho are the Sole nae revit Wh: The LE FEVRE LUNG PAD is not for sale st Drug Stores. We save the enormous druggists’ pronts to the buyer by seperting: in large lots. The dutics on these goods are heavy, and to give 8 profit on them the drageist would be compelled to double ce—I Pad, 82 "a 5 nt by mail a exe paid, or by express, toany part of the U States or Canads. Adarecs THE HOLMES MEDICINE CO., Je3-tu, th, 83tk8m Pittsburg, Pa. BHEUMATISM, NEURALGIA, MALARIA, DIPHTHERIA, PNEUMONIA, SORE THROAT, INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS, &e. “SAPANULE.” MARK. The Celebrated Glycerine Lotion Gives Immediate Belief and a Hadical Cure. aches Bien, Bunions or Sormseasot the Fost Toes Whatever cause, Burns or Boslds and all taiias ‘No honschold can afferd to be withont it. Ph use and recommend it. WV aed & who owe their lives to Gus Hiuminstoa otrentars sent free, upon appli- oto Hsk in trying tt, as we guarantee eatistaction Tris Bottles, 300." Bold'by all Drugetata. SAMUEL GERRY & COMPANY, PEOPRIETORS, mart-co 987 Broadway, N. ¥. Lousiana STATE LOTTERY. This is the only Lottery any State ever voted on and endorsed by the people, UNPRECEDENTED ATTRACTION! OVEE HALF A MILLION DISTRIBUTED! Toutsiana State Lottery Company ‘This institution was ly incorporated z, ‘the fable purpoecs in ieee far eiec ben oa eae joh contract the inviolable farch which pledge has been re- securing cen ‘A.D. 1879, with a capital of 1, 00,000, to which ‘it has since added a reserve’ fund SHAWINGS will tab GRAND, BEN it ‘scales Gi take immer o7 poet Look at the following ‘Distribution: GRAND PROMENADE CONCERT, During which will take place the 121st GRAND MONTHLY i Under the personal ion and management of Gen. G.'% BEAUREGARD, of Louisiana, Gen: EARLY, of Virginia. CAPITAL a1, 000. ‘Notice. —Tickets DOLLARS ulives, Sb. Fiftus, 62. Tents, saci LIST OF PRIZES. 1 Capital Prize of $100,000 810.000 } Grand Prize or * £0, 0,000 2 Large Prizes of 10, 20,000 4 Large Prime of 5, 20, 000 tree Ee 100 Prizes of 30,000 Bea es 10,000 Prizes of 108,000 APPROXIMATION 100 Approximation Prizes of 8200. 820,000 100 Approximation Prizes of 100. 10,000 100 Approximation Prizes of 76. 72000 11,279 Prizes, amounting t0....«. += 8522, 500 Gen.G.T. BEAUREG. Of L&.? Commissioners. Gen.JUBAL A. EARLY, of Va. H Application for rates to clubs should only be made fice of the Col in New Orieans. "Write for circulars or send orders to M. A. DAUPHIN, New Orleans La., ‘er same person st No. 310 Broadway, New York. HARBA( 3.P. CH, 1416 F st. n.w., Washington. TOT eo SOLID GOLD GRNTS' STEM WINDER, AMER- IOAN LEVER, WALTHAM, MASS., ONLY $35.00. J. M. & B. COMEN, COAL AND WOOD. aa on F sts. sw. Offices: 1 1418 Teh at. NATIONAL Falk associat MIUM F@R BEST COAL THE FIRST PRE KINDLING WOOD awarded to us over STEPHENSON &@ BRO., Depot and Mill, 7th-street wharf, OMoe: 12th and Penna. avenue. MEDICAL, & LEON, the oldest estabtish able LADIES’ PHYSICIAN it ly at 455 Massachusetts a All Female Complaints and ‘ties quickly cured. Cons Tooms for patients. A, Tinpotency, and nh Ventreal by Du. Hennig, No ea and only reli the city, can be wvené; from E FOREST HAS REMEDY FOR ea. All female’complaints Can be = y 903 Foret ne Ofoe R NINTH.—The new Turkish an@ ian Bath Kooms are now complete. nee Of MaNaers since its first establishment 8. Suxpp ip 1871. The best New York. PRESCRIPTION FREE. SPORTING G 00 RAZOR!! “*It shaves with voluptuous ease."—G. Vinton al be excelled for taking s keen HEADQUARTERS FOR THE EDUCATIONAL. Fee EAN those to! a W. FLYNG, A. M., 702 Sta 8: l. ng,1 109; @5persuionth, in savance.” German, French, aration for. College, ‘West bs competitive 4 Fivate lessons moderate terms. mys UMMER SESSIONS. SPENCEBIAN BUSINESS COLLEGE, Com: tam axD L Bre: RW: Sag ping, Business ta received at ant rooms. Individual instruction. sddress PENGER, Principal. PROFESSIONAL. ~—wl T.M. TALBOTT, Dewrisr, No. 443 Tth st., a Tooth inert iGotry ts al its ed 87 per set. All work SEFUL FEET, &c.—Thousands HITEMS well-Enown establishment ave., opp. Willard’s Hotel. them est |, Judicial and political = e all vascular ailments of the feet. Office fee #1. H. JOHSSTON, Di Graduate of F arch, 717 H st. n.w. and others. PIANOS AND ORGANS. STIEFF PIANOS. NGEANDe SQUARE AND OPnicHT. ae Defy Competition.