Evening Star Newspaper, June 12, 1880, Page 6

The Re “Tis sweet to Know that he who tries ‘The silver takes his seat ere Raired to coosume the base alloy— The precious metals, too, destroy. *Tis eweet to think how well he knows BT An: that, with sktl] and care, He'll take it from the fire when fit, ‘With his own hand to polish it. "Tis blessedness to know that he ‘The work he has begun ‘Will not forsake till he can see ‘The work well done: An image by its brighiness shown ‘The perfect likeness of his owa! But ob! how much of earthly mould— Dark relics of the mine, ‘Lost from the ore—must he behold! ‘How long must he refine Ere in the silver he can trace The first faint semblance of his face. ‘Thou Great Refiner' sit thou by, hy, purpose to fulfill Moved by that hand, beneath thine eye, And melted at thy will, © may thy work forever shine Rei beauty pure as thine! THE CHILD WITNESS. ‘The Arnolds lived in the old brown house which you may have noticed at the right of the Toad just as you one Oy pe of L—, Pennsylvania, from the sou e back about ten rods from the road, among peach and apple trees, and the path running up from the gate Is bordered with pinks and moss. I should not speak so confidently; it is five years since I saw the vil orthe house, and perhaps the awful ly, enacted under the moss-covered roof one night may have kept the howse tenantiess, and allowed time to tum- bie it down. One day, in answer to a telegram sent from the nearest railroad station toL—,a matter of a dozen miles _I rode pinto the quaint old vil- lage on the top of the . and at once report- myself to the town authorities. Every in- habitant of the village, even to the ri urebins Cees on the tavern porch, carried a ave face and talked tn whispers. Had I not mown a double murder had been committed the night before, I could have read some news almost as bad by glancing at the faces of the towns-people. While I was eating my supper at the only hotel, the town clerk and the president of the village sat opposite and told me the story. It seemed that Arnold, who was nearly sixty years old, had two sons in another part of the State, and, wishing to divide up his property before his death, had a few days before the murde- dis- of a farm and some manufacturing inter- esis tn Pittsburg. realizing several thousand dollars in cash. He intended visiting the sons and dividing the money between them, but had Placed it In the village bank until he should be Teady to go. Mrs. Arnold was old and gray- headed, and the couple would have been all alone had it nos been for Little Jack, as he was called, a child four years old. The child had Deen abandoned by a woman passing through the village, and the Arnolds had taken It for company; it fact, had made provision to adopt ‘The night before at 9 o'clock acitizen had seen Arnold at his gate smoking a pipe. No one heard any alarm from the house Revol the night, but about sunrise little Jack crept down into the village, his night gown red with blood, and told the first one he met, “Somebody had hit grandpa and grandma on the head with an axe.” There was an investigation, and the aged couple were found at the house ‘dead and terri- bly mutilated. The old man’s head was neariy Mit in two, and Mrs. Arnold had a horrible Wound on the temple, which had caused death almost Instantly. The child was not in the Jeast injured, but seemed to have been badiy frightened. This was the gist of the Sjory I got while eat- Ing, but I found that none of the sensational its had been overdrawn when I reached the Youse. ‘The corpses had been the s ect ot inquest, and had been washed and placed in coftins, but the rooms had not been disturbed. A constable had been present all the time to see that any clue that might have been left of the murderer should not be erased by care less hands or feet. The room where the tragedy occurred was a Gouble bed-room on the ground floor. It con- tained two beds, one of which was occupled by the old lady alone and the other by the old man and Little Jack. The murderer had come tn at the back door, ee ae the axe from the wood-pile. He xissed into the bed-room. lighted a candle which stood on the stgnd, and had been some time in the room using the weapon. I knew this because the top drawer of the old bureau was pulled out, its contents were tumbled over, and there were no bloody finger-marks on anything. The other drawers were daubed with blood, showing that dhe searched these after the murder. Something had roused the old man from his sleep. He had started to get out of bed when struck by an axe. The old lady had just heard the noise when the cruel implement descen ted on her head, the positions in which the boites Were found out my theory. The night had been chilly and Little Jack probably snug- ged down under the quilts and bad thus es- caped harm, though, as afterwards shown, he had been a silent witness of part of the pro- ceedins ‘The murderer made a thorough search of th house, taking his ime about it He had firs felt under the old man’s pillow after money and then under Mrs. Arnold's, daubing his = with biood and leaving marks on the pillows. 1 counted five different places waere rested his le‘t hand on tue piliovs watle Searching with his right, and In every case there were only four daubs or spots. There should have been tive. He would not ee four fingers down and hold up his thumb. No: tho thumb on the left hand was missing—cut off at_least at the first joint. Was a clue,and all my subsequent in- vestigations proved that I was correct 1a beltev- ing so. There was another thing. The man had torn up the carpet of the bad-room In sev- eral places;and had got out the Bible and looked between is covers; had taken searched the clothing in and had been so cool and in bis search that I knew he was no ordinary offender. A common thief would have fled after committing murder, or at most stop- Red only long enough to seireh the bureau. Vhoever the man was, he had not secured a dollar in money. He had, however, taken away an old-fashioned gold ‘watch belonging to Arnold, which was out of repair, and chietly preserved as an heirloom. A dozen persons could identify the watch, If round, and here Was something which might prove a good clue. I did not expect to get much out of the boy, owing to his youth. Taking him on my kaee i made his acquaintance, gave him some pennies, and then asked him what he saw. “You see,” began the child, very grav: heard grandpa talking and getting up, andthen I saw a big robber jump up and it bin with the axe. Then grandpa fell down and the di, man went over and struck grandma. Then he looked in the bureau, on the bed, in’ grandpa’s box In the closet and then went off, aud then I Went to sleep.” I dreaded to ask how the man looked, for much depended on his answer. But he was Teady with his reply, and ail my cross questton- ing couid not alter his statement. “ Big man—red collar (necktie) on—great breastpin—red whiskers like Mr. Jackson there— shining ring on his finger—one eye almost shut beer P- Itried to make little Jack believe that the murderer had Diack hair ani was a little man, but be stuck to bis story. Then one of the constables talked to him about something else for ten minutes, abd then questioned him as to the appearance of the man; but the story was the same as told me at first. Several of us Wrote it down, and 1 charged the child to remember it. I was convinced that the murderer was a Stranger In that part of the country. Noone had seen him come or go; no one knew the hour of his arrival or departure, and he had left no clue behind—nothing but my theory that the thumb was missing irom the left hand. I rode Out to the toll gates, but he had not been seen topass. I questioned the stave drivers, but they could give no satisfaction. I Went to the rafiroad Station, but no one could remember having re- mnarked the presence of a stranger on that night. ‘The murderer had arrived and departed like a I was considerably discouraged In not striking his trail, but 1 was determined to pursue the case until there was no longer any hope, or un- til I had found the criminal. Visiting Piusbarg and Harrisburg I laid my plans to trap him if he tried to dispose of the watch. I wrote letters to various offictals and then I could do no more. For six months I had the case uppermost in my mind, while transacting other detective Dusi- ness, but I failed to find the least clew. Taea one day I got a trace. I was riding on the car$ of the Pennsylvania Central ratiroad when I observed an old lady shaking a gold watch inher hand and thea holding it to herear to see if it would run. Crossing over to her I asked to look at the — and she handed it out with the re mark: : “It igp’t_ much good; but I don’t know as it ought be. My husband only paid $10 for I found out that her name was Allen: that ‘she hved within a dozen miles of where the Ar- olds had been murdered; that on the morning the murder, as near a3 she : Arnoids, and again I lost the case months. I wrote over fifty travelea three or four thousand mi \ for a big man and nothing came of it. But one day, w! roaching the Mn of Newfeld, N. Y., DY suspicuous-| cha ces, and their talk went to prove it. I pretended to be very deaf as soon as they got in, not lying to any of their questions, I assumed the tone and voice gen- erally used by the deaf, and held my hand to My ear and moved over, and expressed my re- gretsifI had offended’ them, saying that I could not even hear the rumble of the coach. “Good!” exclaimed one of the men, as I sat down at the other end of the vehicle. “Now you can go on with your yarn.” Before pi the other one called me an old fool, a thief, a robber and various other things, closely watching my countenance to see if I could hear his words, “The old smooth-bore is as deaf as a stone,” he remarked, having satisfied himself as to my deafness, and then he went on with a narrative which had been pei oo Isoon ascertained that they were on their way to Penfield toroba merchant. They had everything arrany to commit the crime t e next night, and the one who had “put up” the pian gave ali the details as to how the robbery ‘Was to be committed, where they would “ruu to, and gave a guess as to each one’s shares. “What about Luke?” tnquired the other, after the plot had been futly discussed. “Oh, Luke will be there on tm,” replied the man. He has kept devilish shady since that business at L—, but now wants to make a haul and dig out for the Far West. You needn’t tret—we can depend w 1m.” Before we got into the vill the men tried me again, but I could not hear except when they shouted in my ear,and they were sure that the conversation been strictly private. While they put up at the hotel, I went to the house of a deputy sheriff, intending to remain concealed all the next day. I had, of course, to state ny business to the officer, as I must have his ald, and he, the simpleton that he was, re- lated the whole story to his wife after they had retired. Thus it naturally came about that next day, while I was lying shady, but plan- ning how to capture the burglars, the woman was retailing my plans to the nelghbor- hood. When night came there were six of us Teady to pounce upon the erimtnals, but there were no criminals to be found. The fellows had got wind of the affair and were out, and I had lost the second only reliable clue to the Arnold murder which I had been ever able to find. Some time after this, while in the city of Rochester, I caught sight of a hand resting on the window-sill of a horse-car—a large red hand. ‘The hand was nothing strange, but the Ubumb was missing. I did not wait an instant to think. I leaped from the car, entered the other, and there sit my friends of the stage coach on either side of the owner of the hand—‘“a big man with red hairand whiskers.” They all jumped up asf entered, but I hung fast to Luke, and soon had the bracelets on him, and allowing the others to get away. He bal no idea who I was, and 1 Took care not to hint at the charge against him unjil I had him back at L—. y arrival created much excitement, as pur- sult of the murderer had from the first been deemed hopeless. Many contended that I hal not secured the right man, and Luke profes3ed never to have been in that part of the state be- fore. The child was several miles away from the village, but I sent for him. It had beeaa year since the murder. Little Jack had almost forgotten the circumstances, and, of course, the niurderer had changed some; but 1 had strong hopes that the child would be able to identify the man, and I was not disappointed. Waiting until evening, I conducted Jack into a room where Luke anda dozen citizens wer? sitting. The little fellow had no knowledge of what we intended, and for some time did not see the murderer.” When he did he uttered a . Fan to me and exclaimed: the big man who hit grandpa and grandm: Luke braved tt out to the last; even when the yurchaser of the watch testified to his identity fe kept a bold face, an’l went to some pains to attempt to prove an alibi, but when convicted, mainly on the testimony of Little Jack, who shivered and trembled at the sight of the man, the prisoner knew that he was done for, and cried out in anger: . ~ Well, lam the man. I saw the boy’s eyes looking at me after I had finished the old ‘uns, but I bad done enough, and could not kill him curse the brat! I now et nothing except that I did not split his he: id And standing on the gallows, about to b> launched into eternity, the man used his last moment to curse the child witness who had convicted him of the awful crime. Rifle-Shooting. {New York Times. ] It would be ungracious and unpatriotic notjto wish all possible success to the riflemen wao sailed on Thursday to meet their Irish rivals at Dollymount. The more one studies the s'1bj2c! of rifle-shooting as practiced at Creedmoor and Wimbledon the more evident does it app:ar that it isone of the noblest and most useful ursuits to which a human being can devote mself. Rifle-shooting 1s unquestionably an athletic sport. The rifleman while shooting 13 com- led to spend tne greater part of his time iniying onthe ground, This exercise, violeat asitis, never seems to exhaust the strength ot a really healthy man, Walle, on the other hand, it strengthens those muscles which ae 1n use while a man fs sleeping. Taus, the rifleman who spends three days every week at Creedmoor will, at the end of a siagie seAson, be able to Ile in bed with far more vigor andendurance than usual. Taen, the muscles of his shoulder are constantly exercised by the kicking of his ritie, and in time become so firm and hard that nothing les3 than the hind foot of a mule can make any impression on them. To a less extent, the muscles of the rifleman’s right cheek underg fo the same beneficial trai ing, while*his right foredinger {3 frequently made completely and peneneaey, rigid. When we compare the physical exercise which 1s af- forded by rifie-shooting with that which any other athletic sport affords. it is impossible to deny the vast superiority of the former. Rifleshooting, being an open-air sport, brings the rifleman into intimate communion with nature. At Creedmoor, he finds himself brought face to face with targets, surrounded with tents, inspirited by the presence of wav- ing banners, and within easy distance of beer. No man can thus commune with the most beauUiul works of nature without becom'ng a purer and better man; and though the Creed- inoor rifleman may occasionally Swear at the marker, is profanity does not make him any less a child of nature than does the profanity ot the California miner, who, a3 we all know, 1s the purest, noblest, and most profane typ2 of mankind. That rifie-shooting after the Creedmoor fashion ts the best possible school of the sidier is universally conceded. An army of Creed- moor riflemen would be simply’ trresistible. They would march to battle with their neatly packed In leather cases, and carrying their ammunition, opera-glasses, and score- books in nice mahogany boxes. Arriving on che field of battle, they would piteh their tents, and in the shade thereof would adjust their as- tronomical instruments to the barrels of their weapons, and would spread thelr carpets on the ground. Sergeants, detalled for the pur- pose: could next place wind-vanesin the space intervening between the riflemen and the el and markers would be sent into the emy’s lines under the protection of a flag of truce. ‘The sights and wind-gauges belig regu- lated by a few sightlng shots, the attack would begin, cach rifleman firing at the appalling rate of once in fifteen minutes, and great care being taken that no noise should be made by which the nerves of the riflemen might be dis- turbed. The result of each shot would be duly noted by the markers, and in the course of a few hours all the enemy would be shot down, and the riflemen would be victorious. As a mere matter of detail, there would have to be an agreement that the enemy should remain perfectly quiet while under fire, for if they were to make a rude and ungentlemanly ad- vance on the riflemen, they could biyonet the whole of them while engaged in altering thetr sights so as to be able to hit a man at short be But, of course, no gentlemanly enemy would refuse to make such an agreement, and {tts to be presumed that the Creedmoor riile- men would disdain to attack any but gentle- manly antagonists, In addition to these obvious uses of ritle- shooting, it should be mentioned that the sport is of great benefit to the rifle manufacturers, So well recognized Is this fact that it 1s hinted that ritle-matehes have been sometimes ar- ra and the expenses of rifle teams paid, by the rifle manufacturers. Itis evident that when a team using Smith’s breech-loaders shoots an international match with English- men, Irishmen, or Scotchmen, using Brown’s {public Thumecia ahs per- ceives the Vast superiority of the Smith ritle, and make up its mead to buy it and no other. If the Robinson Rifle Manufacturing Company hires an American rifleman to go to Wimbic- don and shoot with their weapon, the victortes Scored by the rifieman are 59 many advertiss in public ere trick of trade. We naturally take more in’ in G rifeman who to Wimbiedon solely to prove the su rican marksmin- regee ! iF tf 5 F et fr i ui a if Q 8 é EDUCATIONAL TOPICS. — Of the 164 members of the Harvard gradu- ating class seventy are going to study law. — Chancellor Haven is said to have added $150,000 to the endownent fund of Syracuse Unt- yersity by his personal efforts, — Mr. E. Gray, of Chicago has promised to Ive $50,000 to Oberlin on condition that $100,000 a be raised from other sources. : — Detroit people will give President Angell, of Michigan University, a complimentary tion and banquet before his d 4 on the Chinese mission, about the middle of next month. — The graduating class this year at the Uat!- Yersity of Rochester has a high standing. In the whole class there fs only one member whose Standing is not high enough to permit him to speak at the commencement. — During the recent semi-annual examination in Baltimore of applicants for teachers’ posi- tons, 179 candidates appeared, 72 of whom were colored. The total number of successful ones was 62. Eighteen of them were colored teach- ers-—or 25 per cent of the number examined. — A speaker at a recent meeting of a Mas3a- chusetts teachers’ association, said very aptly that too many teachers and pupils seem to en- Urely lose sight of the true end and aim of all study, and instead of teaching and studying to know, gevote their time and energies to pre- pane for recitations and examinations, with ttle thought of anything beyond. — It has been decided by the French auth r’- tes that the best scholars of the normal schools shall make scholastic trips to various places uring thelr vacations. They are tobe accom- panied by their masters, and are to write me- moirs upon what they have seen and hearu. Though these vacation trips are now conned within the boundaries of France, they are to be extended to foreign lands should their results Justify such a measure. — Mrs. Valeria G. Stone, in presenting a git Of $100,000 to Wellesley College, says that sae has “often and sadly observed the pitiable Worthlessness both to themselves and others of the lives of women when given up to selfish frivolity or wasted In ‘the pursuit of mere per- sonal enjoyment.” She desires, she adds, to atd in training women of learning too generous for sceptical Concett, and reflnement too thorough for fasudious selfishness, — Dr, William T. Harris, one of the lecturers at the Concord school of philosphy, has bought the house there in which Mr. Emery lived last summer, which strengthens the suggestion that a future winter session of the school Is possible. It is hoped to establish several $1,000 scholar- ships, aud a benevolent woman of large In- come—not 4 resident of Concord—has already given $1,000 to establish the school more firmly. — The following {s from a brief synopsisof a recent lecture by Col. Higginson on teaching history: Children are always the best pleased when they are convinced that the story which is being told them fs true. Connect the study of history with human life. Make them feel that it relates solely to people and what they have done, and an interest will be awakened in iton their part. Only a little history, however, can be mastered and remembered, and it {s of the utmost consequence to know that little thoroughly, Aud let it be made as attractive as Possible.” —The almost untversal custom of a whole class of school children thrusting out their hands, snapping their fingers, and resolving themselves into a mob at every mistake in read- ing and recitation, would be tolerated nuwhere elsewhere In a civilized community outside of a schoolroom. No better exped! could be de- vised to frighten the sperate the quick-te1 d, and paralyze the spirit of all but the stoutes! rted child in the recitation room. It is utterly opposed to the true spirit of the schoolroom, which ought to be a spirit of helptuiness, forbearance and encouragement to the slow and timid and feeble-minded.—Jow-nal o Education. —In the last number of the Poprtar Seien Montily Paul R. Shipman, in “The Classies th wt Educate Us,” combats thé scholastic idea that Latin and Greek are essential factors in a liberal educution. He mukes the dreadful predi that If they are not abandoned, man han: p- ped by the conditions, will be passed-by woman, now almost abreast of him, and that before the end of the next century, unless woman ge handicapped herself, our great poets, novelisis, historians, scienusts and —philosophers—the leaders of thought and masters of style—will wear petticoats or Turkish trousers, aad the lords of creation sent to the rear will become hewers of wood and drawers of water to the weaker vessels. — In the current number of a new quarterly magazine with the cumbrous title “Journal of the Military Service Institution of the United States,” Prof. Miche has a valuable article on “Education in its Relation to the Military Pro- fession.” In answer to the two questions “Whence come our offivers?” and “How are they educated?” he gives a clear and compre- hensive view of the West Point method of in- struction. From this we leara that more than one-third of the young men selected by mein- bers of Congress are incapable of passing the preliminary examinatioa, and that only three out of five of those who do enter, succeed in Seer? He emphasizes the fact that West Point is an academy, not a college or univer- aS, that its alm is special not general educa- ton. — The profound defect of our whole educa- tion’al system, except the distinctively sclentitic schools, is Its utter failure to train the senses and the bodily faculties. In our schools, and our colleges too, the Dupit is mostly shut up to one single avenue of knowledge—the printed page. Said one professional man of sixty:— “When I was four years old I put my head in a book and have kept it there ever since.” A large proportion of those even who have had a liberal education might say the same. Educa- Uonal reformers are attacking this defect, but as yet with small results. There is an educa- tonal conservatsin which is just as stubborn in its inertia as ecclesiastical conservatism, Meantime, our public schools are only begin- ning to train the hand and eye.—springi ia Republican, — Prof. Russell, of the Worcester Norm1 School, describes a sensible and healthy plan adopted for the noon lunch at that school A full hour of intermission is given, and a large room set apart and furnished with tables Wherein the pupils eat their lunch and amuse themselves during the hour. In wmter a hot closet has been provided for warmtng the food. ‘The results of this arrangement are excellent. The pupils enjoy themselves, exchange tood, and the habit of association has developed U bringing of a great variety of wholesome food. It is a pity that Ubts is not done in every public school Young people who are studying hard require a good deal of food, and should have jeisure to eat It comfortably. Little ones in the rimary schools shoula always have a light Tien, even when their school hours are short. ‘There ts not so much nonsense talked now as of old concerning the evils of “feediig childrea between meals.” —To do something toward remedying brain pressure In schools, 7/ie Lonion Spectator says that it should be determined beforeh ind what amount of time may be fairly ex- pected to be required for lessons to be prepared at home—say, an hour a day for those under thirieea, and an hour and a halt or two hours for those dbove that age; and parents should be asked to inform the teachers if the Ume thus fixed 18 exceeded, {n order that the task, if needful, may be reduced in amount. A still more important consideration 1s tue char- acter Of the task prescribed. If it consists of new work, and is preparatory to the lesson of the next day, 1t_may present problems whieh will puzzle and distress a slow-thoughted child: especially if he Las access to no Intelligent help athome. But if, as a rule, home exercises are supplementary to those of the school hours, and have for their main purpose to {lustrate, deepen and fix what has y been explained, there are not open to the same objection. The main part of the intellectual difficulty should be solved at school with the help of thé teache:; the solitary work of the home student should consist of the easier task of recapitulating aud methodising what is already understood. A Ballad of the Street. A yellow car swept down the atzeet; After it the patterise fect - Of arunning beauty who would Kidein it if omy she could to attract the boases ‘And get them to stop their hosses. But, alas, they cid not linger, Aathey surely would have do is young ani y Learned 9 whistle on her linger. School-Boys and Headaches, Professor Treichler has delivered a lecture be- fore the German Association of Naturalists and Physicians which contains a fact of some inter- est to teachers, He says that headache tn schools (ons increases, until in some schools, and notably in Nuremberg, one-third of the scholors suffer from it. ‘He believes that the cause is over Intellectual exertion, caused part- ly by the adoption ot too many subjects, but principally by the tendency to demand night- work, The brain is then fresnly taxed upon when its cells are exhausted. We begin to hear the same compliint in fev does especially from London schools tempted to believe that them an imperceptible but steady increase in the amount of night-work demanded has bean going on, which ts pressing a sate mit. It does not hurt the quick, and it does not hurt the stupid, but tt does hurt the boys and giris who want to fulfill all demands, and have not qatte the quickness to doit, The usual quant Latin, for example, to be learaed at n\ within the last tl which 13 not suffered by the boys in proportion to their fll-he uth —? ve Spectator «Kind words can never die.” How bitterly does a man realize that terrible truth wi3n n- Hie glaring of bas tie tie Rae ee him from lished let-ers fo ‘& breach of promise sult. = in some of" PREHISTORIC MAN. Origin of the Human Race on the American Continent. . Professor Flowers, in a recent lecture on the College of Surgeons, discusses at some leucea Coll mgeons, at some the ofie of man on the American continent. The pews eel = as to oF America, may, he says, be grou! under two heads:—(1) That the inhabitants of that conti- nent were a distinct indigenous people, created in the country in which they were found, and therefore not related to those of any other land. | This is the thecrs of the polygentstic school, but is probably not held by many Scientitic men of | the present day. (2) The monogenists mostly believed that they are descended from an Asiatic people, who in comparatively recent times into America by way of ‘traits, and thence spread gradually over the whole continent, as far as Cape Horn, and that their nearest allles must therefore be looked for in the northeastern regions of Asta. It has also been thought by those who have held the same gene- ral views, that at all events a partial xepecpling of the American continent may have occu from Southern Asta, by way of the Polynesian paanes or from North Africa, across the At- antic. The discovery of the great antiquity of the human race in America, as well as in the Old World, has led to an important modification of these theories. The proof of a very considera- ble antiquity rests upon the high and indepen- dent state of civilization which had been at- tained by the Mexicans and Peruvians at the time of the Spanish conquest and the evidence that that civilization had been preceded by sev- eral other stages of culture, following in suc- cession through a great stretch of time. But the antiquity of the quast-historical period thus brought out, is entirely thrown into the shade by the evidence now accumulating from various parts of the United States, Central America, and the Pampas, that man existed 1a those coun- tries, and existed under much the same condl- tons of life, using precisely similar weapons and tools, as in Europe, duripg the pletstocane or quartenary geological lod, and, perhay even furttier back in time. As in Europe bis Works are found associated with the rematns of Elephas primigentus, and other extinct mam- mails, so in America are they found in contem- rary deposits with those of Elephas columbL {the inductions commonly made from these discoveries be pee ed and the fact admitted that men lived both in Europe and America be- fore the surface of the earth had assumed its present geographical conformation, the data from which the propiem of the peopling. of America is to be solved are altogether changed. Recent paleontological investigations, es- pecially those carried on with such it suc cess in the neighborhood of the Rocky Moun- tains, show that an immense number of forms of terrestrial animals that were formerly sup- posed to be pecullar to the Old Woria are abundant in the New; indeed many, such as the horses, rhinoceroses, camels, etc., are more numerous in species and varieties in the lavtei and therefore the means of land communic: tion between the two must have been very different to What itis now. ‘Taking all clreum- stances into consideration, il {s quite as likely that Asiatic man may have been derived from America as the reverse, or both may have ha their source In a common centre, inSome region of the earth now covered with sea. Hints in Buying a Horse. ‘The following simple rules will be found use- ful to all partiés about to buy a horse: 1, Never take the seller’s word; if dishonest he wjil be certain tocheat you; if disposed to be fair, he may have been the dupe of another, and wiil deceive you through Tepresentations which cannot be felled upon. 2. Never trust to a horse’s mouth as a sure Index to his a 3. Never buy a horse while in motion; watch him while hestands at rest and you will dis- cover his weak points. If sound he will stand firmly and squarely on his limbs, without mov- log any of them, the feet planted flat upon the ground, with legs plumb and naturally poised. 1 one foot 1S thrown forward with the toe pointing to the ground and the heel raised, or if the foot is lifted from the ground and the weight taken from it, disease of the navicular bone may be suspected, or at least tenderness, which 1s a recursor of disease. If the foot is'thrown out, he toe raised and the heel brought down, the horse has suffered from lammitis, founder, or the back sinews have been sprained, and hé is of little future value. When the eet are all drawn together beneath the horse, if there has no disease, there Is a misplacement of the limbs at least, and a weak disposition of the muscles. If the horse stands with his feet spread apart or straddles with the hind legs there is weakness of the loins and the kidneys are disordered. When the knees are bent and the legs totter and tremble, the beast has been ruined by heavy pulling’ and will never be right again, whatever rest and treat- Inent he may have. Contracted or ill-formed hoofs speak for themselves. 4. Never buy a horse with a blueish or milky cast in the eyes, They Indicate a constitutional tendency to ophthalmla, moon-blindness, &c. 5. Never have anything todo with a horse who keeps his ears thrown backward. This is an invariable indication of bad temper. 6. If the horse's legs are scarred the fact de- notes that he ts a kicker. 7. If the knecs are blemished the horse is apt to stumble, 8. When the skin fs rough and harsh, does not move easily and smoothly to the téuch, the horse is a heavy eater and his digestion is bad. 9. Avold a horse whose respiratory organs are at all impaired. It the ear is placed at the Side of the heart, anda wheezing sound ts heard, It is an indication of trouble. Let him go.— Turf, Field and Farm, The Evil of Living in the Couutry. (Pall Mail Gazette.) No doubt many causes contribute to the diminished tone of the present day, as com- pared with that of former times. The incre ise of town life, and all the conditions opposed to health which that involves, has much to answer for. Perhaps the concentration of the hours of work into the central portion of the day iseven more responsible. The railway stations every morning and afternoon are very suggestive to any one not too much hurried to have time to look about him. Thousand and tens of thousands arrive every morning be- tween the hours of 8 and 10 in trains crowded to repletion, and hurrying off in hansoms and omuibuses with the fixed countenances of men whose time is money and who have not a moment to lose. Arrived at thelr offices they compress the work of the day into five oy six hours at the most. Betweea 4 and 6 the opposite takes place,-and the sam» persons rush up in their various conveyances to catch their trains, It was computed some years ago that the numbers who dally came to and left London exceeded 500,000 and no doubt the figure has been largely ‘increased since. One needs not be learned in physic to see what an addition to the wear and tear of brain and nerve is entailed by this mode of life. It may be questioned whether the benefit of sleeping in the country 1s not outweighed by the con- stant drive of golng up and down by rail and dispatching, in feverish haste and in one hoar’s thne, business which could be done easily and without strain in two. Formerly merchants lived. over thelr counting-houses, and lawyers in or hear their chambers. Now they inhabit sub- urban palaces,perhaps not wholly to their men- tal or ‘sical health. The long business hours still customary in France may have their evil side, especially In regard to the prolonged attendance which they “exact from the em- ployes. But there results a general leisurely refusal to be hurried among our neighbors, ex- asperating enough to the high-pressure Saxon, but unquestionably favorable to health and mental comfort. ——————————— The Old Old Story. Aman whose eyes were lachrymos And on whose body shabby cloties” Hung loosely, ullet head Bore unkempt locks that once were red, Came slowly to the kitch=n door, ‘4 pleas Fr; couldn't you Give me a litile work todo? © «Yee, there's a pile of wood and thero”— But where was that poor man, oh where? Achufiling at a hvely rat Around the house and out the gate. Strength of the Russian Army. pec ti Mall Gazette.) An inte! history of the development of the Russian army during the last quarter ota century has been lately published in St. Peters- burg. On the 1st of January, 1853, the Russian army Comprised 27,716 officers and 965,352 men, local and auxiliary troops’ besides 78,144 Cossacks. Dui the Crimean be the igae of we oe forces of the em- pire was, of course, largely inc: and, ac. cording to official returns, included on’ the tat of January, 1856, no few: were available for service in the field can not be even approximately ascertained. The active army numbered, it Is stated, 24,654 ofi- cers and 1,170,184 men; the reserve troops, 7,376 officers and 572,158 men; the Tees, 8,640 officers and 168,691 men;the opoltscheme or 5,647 officers and 364421 men, and the CK K troops. 8,441 officers and 156,726 men; but very I deductions would probably have to be mage igth of awn Very: was, faob inteyy nn by « German TanLory weiter 2s the re’ ted to military irposes in Russia we uld not, even if tho arny Was admin‘stercd 1a the met exonomieat - ner, to melntain such larse forces, 4 NEW NATION. Founding a French Republic in the . Antipodes, (Melbourne Leader. } certainly not less Important in thé not less important in the eyes of its charterers, the promoters of a new colony and a new nation. In the story of their efforts and aims, it seems as it we were ted 300 years, to the days in which Spanish adventurers were seeking the golden city of El Dorado in the marshes of Guiana. The ship has just landed 240 Fi emigrants in New Britain, and ts now re- turning home for another detachment. When these arrive it 1s proposed to make a descent upon the northern coast of western Aus- tralia, to establish an independent colony there in defiance of Great Britain. This extrava- gant plan srpeats to have emanated from a larquis de ‘8, lately Bolivian consul at Havre, who some two years ago issued a glow- ing prospectus, setting forth the flourishi state of the colonies generally, the richness of the northwest coast of Australia as a particular field for colonization, and closing with the offer of land to which he had even less claim than the British government, whose rights he de- nies, for five francs an acre. This offer was made in the name of acompany with a capital of 2,000,000 francs, which was to establish ‘free institutions” and a great people in the far distant anti Tt is amazing, in the first place, that any such scheme should sug- geat itself to a sane man, and, in the second Place, that some hun of others, also accounted sane, should risk their lives and fortunes on such a fantastic errand The Whole undertaking would present a_ halt romantic, half ludicrous spectacle were it not for the recoliectien of the positions and perils to which some hundreds of thoughtless French- men are exposing themselves in the of founding a new state. Western Australia is in danger of conquest, but it is to be feared that the Marquis de Rays and his comra ies will run ee aneer in attempting such a hair-brained exploit. A Forrnicut AGo the Paris police found the body of a man of color in the Seine. There was a tin case in his pocket. It was opened by the ee and found to contain documents setting forth that the deceased was the son of a chief who had revolted against the King of Abyssinia. His father was killed during the revolution, and he himself, together with his brother, were taken prisoners; but, thanks to the help of a woman, they succeeded in escaping. His bro ther, however, was attacked and Killed by an enormous snake in the forest. He himself, after six weeks’ tramping through field and flood, at Jength reached the ‘ptian outposts. He was then conveyed to Cairo, where the Khedive sia him some money with which he came to Paris. His autoblography ends thus: “I thought Ishould be able to livein Paris; but here, as elsewhere, one must be useful, and I knew no- thing; so I preferred death to starvation.” 1880cne newsrarens 1880 oF THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. THE EVENING STAR THE WEEKLY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. The EVENING STAR, (on Saturday's a doubie sheet or eight page paper of fifty-six columns, the size of the New York dailies), is everywhere recognized as the leading newspaper of Wash- ington. With two exceptions only, it has the largest circulation of any daily paper published south of New York, AND MORE THAN DOUBLE THAT OF ANY OTHER PAPER IN THE CITY. Every issue of THE STAR 1s carefully read not only by the citizens of Washington and ad- Jacent cities, but by the throngs of strangers constantly visiting the National Capital on business or for pleasure, (and who constitute, in a very large degree, the purchasing popula- Uon of every State and Territory in the Union), thus making !t for most purposes THE BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM IN THE UNITED STATES. Its influence as an agent of publicity has in- deed practically no limit within the boundaries of the country. The best evidence of this is the number of new advertisewents it printed inthe year 1879, which reached 20,636, averaging from 1,700 to 2,000 per month in the busy season!! These figures include only the sub- Ject of the advertisement, and not any change of the matter, which, in some instances, is made daily, and, although a new advertisement in fact, Is not counted but once, instead of 310 pup- Itcation dates. The advertising books are open to the inspection of advertisers to verify this Statement, or an affidavit of its truthfulness will be submitted. THE WEEKLY STAR.—This 1s a double or eight-page sheet, containing fifty-six columns of fresh News, Literary and Agricultural matter every week, and is pronounced by competent Judges one of THE CHEAPEST AND BEST WEEKLY PAPERS IN THE UNITED STATES OLUB RATES FOR THE WEEKLY STAR §27 In compliance with repeated requests from various quarters to hold out some induce- ments to those who wish to get up subscribers’ clubs for the WEEKLY STAR, we make the following offer: Single Subscriptions, $2.00, 5 copies one year for $9.00, and one copy to the getter-up of the club. 10 copies one year for $15.00 and one copy to the getter-up of the club. 20 copies one year $3 (27 It ts a condition of this offer that the sub- scriptions of each club shall all commence at the same time, and all go to the same post office. Subscriptions in all cases—whether single or in clubs,—to be paid in advance, and no paper sent longer than paid for. Specimen copies furnished to any address, gratis, THE WEEKLY STAR is sent into every State and Territory in the Union, and is mailed to all the posts of the regular army and the various squadrons of the U.S. navy, besides being sent to subscribers in Eng land, France, Austria, Russia, Spain, Italy, Peru Venezuela and Central America, THE STAR FOR 1880. ‘The present year promises to be one of the most interesting and eventful of the century It will witness early in the summer the meet- ing of the National Conventions of the two great political parties, and the nomination of candidates for the contest in the following No- vember. The impending campaign promises, therefore, to be one of the most spirited in our history, and THE STAR, with its increased factl- ies, will print all of the news of the day on which it is issued. It has a direct: wire from its gews room to the Western Union Telegraph of- fice in New York city, trom which wires radiate toall parts of the globe, and 1s therefore ena- bled to secure the latest news by its own opera- or from every quarter up to within a few mo- ments of going to press. It is the only evening paper south of Philadelphia which recetves ex- clusively the Associated Press dispatchss. AS a newspaper THE STAR being the organ of no man, no clique and no interest, will pre- sent the fullest and the fatrest picture it can make of each day’s passing history in the city the District, the country and the world. It will im hereafter, as heretofore, at accuracy firstot all things in all that it publishes. The circula- tion now is larger than at any former period in the twenty-eight years of its existence, exceed- ing 18,000 copies in its regular, bona fide edi- fon, without any extra effort or spurt in the news market. SUBSCRIPTION TERMS.—DAILY STAR— ‘Served by carriers in the city, 10 eents a week or 44 cents a month. By mail, 50 centsa month, or $6.00 per year. athens ah ‘Paper will eee at no be sent longer than Pald for. Specimen copies furnished gratis. SA SCHEDULE OF ADVERTISING PRICES will besent to any address on applica- tion,’and in the cities of Georgetow 1 and Wash- ington a the FAMILY SUPPLIES: PPBE LIME JUICE, BASPBEBRY SYRUP, STRAWBERRY SYRUP, LEMON 8YRUP, BLACKBERRY BRANDY, WILD OHERRY JUICE. JOHN H. MAGRUDER, FINE GROCERIES AND TABLE LUXURIES. 1431 New York ave. California Brandy. Pure Holland Gin. Try the cclebrated “Bouquet Whiskey," 82.50 per gallon. _ = GEORGE A. O'HARE, FOR SEA SIDE. HORN, NOOH ABD EES Ep * PAYAL HATS, Large assortment, newest shares at J.P. PALMER's, 2207 F sts. n.w. N. B. Personal attention wiven to all millinery DOUGLA Bt. Cloud ’ inta Bt. Building. SPECIALTIES FOR THIS WEEK: PABASOLS—New and Elewant Desicns. HOSIEBY—Spring and Summer Styles. OJESETS—Every Desirable Make. LADIES’ UNDERWEAR in Great Variety NOVELTIES in Made-up LACE GOCDS. LATEST STYLES in Each Department. MEN'S DEPARTMENT will at all times contai the Choicest Goods at the Lowest Prices. DOUGLASS’, myl in and F sts. MM 8S. J. MESSER, a Na. SPRING AND 8 RING AND SUMMER ye Ont and Journals of fon, gale. 35_ 1213. 7th st. n.w., bet. Mand N._ | 1218 Pennaylvatiaave., up stairs. REAT REDUCTION IN PRICES. ON DECK AGAIN. During the month of Jane we offer GROCERIES! GROCERIE. OUR ENTIRE STOCK OF MILI.INERY GOODS GROCERIES?!) AT GREATLY REDUCED PRICES. BY PATTERN BONNETS AT HALP PRICE. ‘Would call special attention to y ELPHONZO YOUNGS, Sit es gpeceattention tourer panda) and MONOGRAM KI} GLOVES, from 2 BETWEEN E anv F Nogtawest. to 10 buttons, st popular prices. abory tid aera abana and, restocked the aplenty ama AM NO my friends and the ‘public with their needed ep. m529 Nos. 631 and 623 D st. plies from a carefully ‘and comp PREPARING TO GOTO F NEW GOODS. We name in part— seash«re or mountains shoald provide = SUGARS. selves with a bottle of Ray's Curling New York and Philadelphia Brands.) Powered and Granulated, 10 Ibe. £0 Standard 5 LOFoeaven. 81-00 “A” (not “off A” or **B”), 10 ibs for 1.00 Good White Suar, 11 lbs. for. ne 100 Good Brown Bugar, 12% ibs. for. 1.00 is ooton EAS: unpowder, Oolong, Imperial, Japan, English Broakfact, Se. call wradee priete’ eunrantend as low as any house south of New York. COFFEES. Mocha, and Rio—at Java, Maracaibo, Lagw popular ‘prices quality covsidered, Our coftecs are always freeh roasted, and we liave in stock some of the finest grades that can be produced. Good Roasted Rio, 6 ibs. for. SYRUPS. Pure Sugar, goods guaranteed free from Giu- cone several érades. Choice Maple Syrup, per gallon, $1.30. MOLASSES, A genuine article of New Orleans always on hand, as alno the lower grades, Priese low. F Ceres, Minnesota P: sota Pat. Pri ceas; A. H. Process; Sterling, Minne- ‘oceas; Golden Hill, family ; Swiss Pro- Herr’s best family; Washburn Mills; New West, and all other leading brands direct from Bret hands, at lowest rates. Elpkonzo Youns’s Genuine Minnesota Pat. from white flint whi x Good Family Flour, per s2ck. SAUCES AND PICKLES Of allkinds, and we would name the celebrated Burke's Salad Di Crosse & Blackwell's Pickles. A full assortment. SELECTED FRUITS and the very choicest NEW YORK BUTTER. No pains spared to keep up a good supply of these important articles. Queen Olives in a Narlety of stylee—including email bottles at 25 cents for Picnic por 3 In fact, we give our undivided attention to the FAMILY TRADE, ” and make it our whole study to furnish the VERY BEST of everything in th f FAMILY SUP. PLIES generally. Our facilities for buying and freighting are surpassed by none, and we guaran, ‘tee to, ‘as low a8 any other house in the city; as, rr ive the icle, quality and ‘quantity an loney cheerfully refunded to any customer who is not entirely satisfied with their purchase: ‘Telephonic connections. ELPHONZO YOUNGS, GROOER, 504 Ninth st., bet. E and F, (WHITE FRONT). my22 E*cunsronists, FISHING PARTIES, TRAVELERS AND OTHERS. Fresh arrival of Imported and DomesticGoods. BEEF. Ronee Ham, | Boneless, with Jeli. oe OHIGEEN. /Potted. ROLLED TONGUE, HAM BACEAGE, |AKED MAOOARONI. TONGUES, PIOKLED OYS- TERS, PICKLED SHRIMP, PIOKLED OOD ER NAPE any part of the » REEDS SONS. mys W-iaie F street aw. ALACE MARKET, Cor. 14th st. and New York ave, FRANK J. TIBBETS & ©0O. We have SPRING LAMB and PEAS, STRAW- BERRIES, ASPARAGUS, TOMATOES and OU- CUMBERS, OYSTERS, FISH, GAME, &0. Bos- ton PICKLED PORK. Philadelphia GAPONS, 40 cents a pound. may4 F!"= maxune cunrowveEn Tea, 60 Orwrs Pra Ls. ~ Java OOFFEE, Roasted, 83 cts. Bert Bio CO! 20 cts. 5 Swiss Process FLOUR, €2-15 por x bul. NEW YORK TEA COMPANY, : Cor. 7th and K sts, apt WM. H. SPIGNUL & CO. Debian at the National Fair over all other compet- il TO CERES, The handsomest Minnesota Patent Flour United States. lial A very superior Minnosote Prtent. STERLING'S ST. LOUIS FANOY, A Magnificent Winter Wheat Patent Process. The Standard Family Flour of the District. 2 For sale by every first-class Grocer. ‘WHOLESALE DEPOT: Corner Ist st. and Indiana are, apl2 WM. M. GALT & 00. ASSHOB & STEBBINS, No, 1014 Penn’a ave , WasHnaron, D. 0. 28 Light st., Bactmore, Mp. BOILERS, ENGINES, PUM?S, STEAM, GAS AND WATER PIPE FITTINGS, BRASS WORK, mot ee! AND MACHINISTS’ SUPPLIES. WATE To call or send orders 10 ‘THE LaRGEst axp Most ComPLers JOB DYEING AND aan ING ESTABLISH- SourH or New Yor. First-class in every Work called for and delivered city, or by mail ixirand Hair article in the world which ‘ully wavy, or in crimp, in sultry weather. itis a iy Dressing, as it is the oni Wil keep'the hair beauti damp air and harmless rortable preparation, which does not stiffen the hair, but causes it to curl naturally. The great mnder of the age. sale by Stott & Cromwell, 480 Pa.av.,and all dracgists. mayl3 BETTE MISSES IAMILTON, 11 F Street Z fit % Firet-clars work, at moderate prices. malg-8m S————_—EAE_—_ PHING IMPORTATION Sor PATTERN BONNETS AND FINE MIL- Languedoc, Point de Rose, Di Chantilly, Spaniah and Beaded Lacea, "New effects te Gash mere and Beaded Capes. An elewant it of Drees mings and Buttons. Corsets, fRrments, Rid and Thread Gloves, and s beautifal e of Parisian Novelties. Silk and Dolmans, and Mantillaa, Jackets, Ui and Combination Suite.” Biack Silk Bute, a firsi- class article, for and 830. 5 ‘007 Penna. ave. 7 Cite Trevise, Pari = bam YERMILYa’s LADIES’ SHOES, DISCOUNT OF FIFTEEN PER CENT for the next 80 days. Also, odd sizes for salecheap. LADIES’ and CHILDREN'S SHOES MADE TO ORDER mar20 Mw" BELLE LUCAS. D&ESSMAKING AND PATTEZN PABLOR?, O01 MAREET SPACE. Gorner 8th #t., Keep Building. PLAITING, 902 9th st. DRY GOODS. PSE cvaLiry LINEN La PACIFIC LAWNS AND PERCALES, 12's c. ALL WOOL ROLL BUNTING, 200. LACE BUNTINGS, 25, 35, 50, 950. FIGURED SWIS8, PARASOLS. DRESS GINGHAMS, iz New Designs. 4-4 LONSDALE BLEAOQHED COTTON, 10c. TYLER & CHEWNING. Gate clerks with Perry & Bro.) eT BB! Bix of the Finest P18 7th st. le cH OF THE ALTIMORE SIEAM SHIRT FACTORY. 435 7th street n.w, : 9.50 GUARANTEED OR MONEY INDED. re we yeur especial attention to cur Beinfor: spin complete, atone dollar A full line of Gents’ Furnishing Goods. 435 7th st. n.wey 3-1 Washington, D.O. AWNS: LAWNS! LAWNS! f Beautifal Lawns One Thousand Set dy lg vat Eight Handred (800) Pieces of Beantiful PACIETG LAWNS, 10, 1235, 15. Hundred (100) Pieces of Beautiful OaEN \CH LAWNS, 25, 31, 37, 580. One Hundred (160) Pieces of FIGURED LINEN LAWNS, 15, 18, 20, 25. CABTER'S, ‘Vil Market Space. IA LINEN, the desirable article for Ladies* sida Dresses, 20, 25, 31, 37. VERY FINE BLACK FRENCH LAWNS, 25. FINE LACE STRIPE WHITF GOODS, only 125gc. Special Barvain. RED LLENT ALITY, OOL0) SILES, ae Qu. OOACHMAN'S sear ve. OTHER COLORS, OOLOBED SATINS, very cheap. SUMMER SILKS, 50, ELLENT BLACK SILK! ‘75, 87, @1.00, 81.12, 81. 25, 81. 3’ CARTER’S myl9 ‘7A Market Space. HIETS CHEAPER THAN EVER. 1.59, up to $3.00. oe Plaited Bosom, $12. QFHine AnD) SUMMER Du ABS the only work.