The Daily Worker Newspaper, January 31, 1935, Page 6

DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, THURSDAY. JANUARY 31, 1935 . The Soviet Congress and U.S. Congress---A Contrast In Democracy 90,000,000 WORKERS AND FARMERS VOTED IN FACTORIES AND FIELDS FOR DELEGATES TO SOVIET CONGRESS—ACT IN WORKERS’ INTEREST WO Congresses are meeting now, one the Seventh All- in the U.S.S.R., and the last election only 36,000,000 voted, less than 50 per cent The Soviet Congress is in the hands of workers and of the adult population eligible to vote. n the Soviet cracy, which Comrade Browder described at the recent farmers. The delegates come directly from the fac- Lenin Memorial meeting as “the greatest democracy Union Congress of Sovie other “our” Congress in W ngton. Union, 95 per cent of the population voted, a figure far tories and fields. They report directly back to the work- for the toilers, but a stern dictatorship against the ex- And what a contrast they present! beyond anything ever seen in a capitalist democracy! ers and farmers. They are subject to immediate recall ploiters, the minority.” The Soviet Congress which the capitalist press Capitalist apologists tell us that we have democracy by their fellow workers in the local Soviets. “Our” Congress acts in the interests of a capitalist minority, and is the legislative mask for the dictatorship s that of a “dictatorial thinks of which suc udde because at periodic intervals the workers are permitted An American Soviet Congress, elected directly by minority” is a most magnificent spectacle of democracy, to vote. SE those who work, and by a working class that had seized of this Wall Street minority. of real democracy, in the sense of the real rule of the But not only are millions of workers, Negroes, the means of production from the Wall Street parasites, To get real democracy, the rule of the majority in eanle: migratory workers, jobless, and homeless workers un- would solve all the problems of the crisis. the interests of the majority, we have to take the revo- Premier Molotov reports that it represents delegates speaking directly in the name of 90,000,000 voters in the U.S.S.R.) Ninety million voters, voting directly in the fac speaking to the Soviet Congress able to vote, but how can there be real democracy for the workers when all the means of power, the factories, newspapers, radio, movies, and so forth, are in the hands of a Wall Street minority? It would abolish all payments to the Wall Street bankers. It would put an end to the criminal insanity of “overproduction” amid starvation. It would end un- employment by immediately ousting the capitalist lutionary road the Russian workers and farmers, led by Lenin and the Bolsheviks, took in 1917. We have to set up a proletarian dictatorship, a Soviet tories, farms, mines, shox ailroads! Daily CENTRAL ORGAM COMMUNIST PARTY U.£.4 (SECTION OF COMMUNIST INTERMATIOWAL) Only Working Class Daily Newspaper” FOUNDED 1924 PUBLISHED DAILY, EXCEPT SUNDAY, BY THE COMPRODAILY PUBLISHING CO., INC., 56 E. 13th Street, New York, N. ¥. e: ALgonquin 4-795 4. ‘Daiwork, New York, N. Y. Room 954, National Press Building, ton, D. C. Telephone: Nationel 7910. th Wells St., Room 705, Chicago, Ml. “America’s 101 & Midwest Burea s rborn 3931 Has history ever seen such broad democracy? Compare this with the United States. Telephone Subscription Rates: By Mail: (except Manhattan and Bronx), 1 year, $6.00; 6 months, $8.50; 3 months, $2.00; 1 month, 0.75 cents. Manhattan, Bronx, ign and Canada: 1 year, $9.00: 6 months, $5.0 00. | By Carrier: monthiy, 75 cents. Saturday Edi ar, $4.50; 6 months, 75 cents. THURSDAY, JANUARY 31, 1935 ——————————————————S 17,157,000 Unemployed HE preliminary annual unemployment estimates of the Labor Research Asso- ciation for November, 1 which were issued yesterday, show 17,157,000 unem- ployed in the country, about one-third of the working population. This figure includes 508,000 relief work- ers on P.W.A. projects, 1,950,000 relief workers on F.E.R.A. projects, and 392,000 in C.C.C. camps, a total of 2,850,000, Roosevelt’s new “work relief” program at best provides for jobs at slave wages to only about 3,500,000, Obviously, Roosevelt’s program, which includes also the present relief workers, will mean jobs for only a few hundred thousand additional unemployed. At best, the program will require a year to get under way. These startling facts again emphasize the urgent need for a broader mass cam- paign behind the fight for the Workers Unemployment, Old Age and Social In- surance Bill, H. R. 2827. They likewise emphasize the need for more attention to the organization of the unemployed workers, to the building of the Unemployment Councils, and to the unifi- cation of the ranks of employed and unem- ployed workers in the struggle for relief and insurance. Teamsters Should Strike LARMED at the fine response to the strike called by the teamsters Monday, to prevent the signing of Justice Humph- rey’s injunction, and in an effort to head off a re-strike next week, the bosses of New York are trying to convince the work- ers that they should place their confidence on the courts to defeat the injunction. All efforts of the capitalist press, legis- lative means, and of the higher officials in the unions are now directed to finding such a loophole for an excuse to prevent a strike. The fundamental line for this has been laid down by Percey C. Magnus, president of the New York Board of Trade, spokesman of big business in New York, to their Mayor LaGuardia in a letter. “A strike against the decision of the court is revolution,” writes Magnus. “Spokesmen of the teamsters’ union t ten that if the court of this state its duty there will be no appeal to the higher courts, but there will be a use of force against the business interests of New York.” Magnus goes into details to explain the procedure for appealing a court de- cision by the use of “checks and balanc in the Constitution. He shows clearly that the bosses are especially alarmed that the workers are getting wise to the fraudulent nature of capitalist democracy—are no Jonger content to let their cases drag in courts for months and years, while their wages are cut, union men fired and com- pany unions are set up. The fact that the bosses express such alarm over the display of power Monday, undoubtedly serves to convince every worker that a strike is the most effective weapon for smashing the injunction. Teamsters and longshoremen should utilize every momeni, to organize their ranks, place leadership in the hands of elected representatives, and strike the minute the open-shopper Humphrey signs the injunction. Woll on the N.R.A. ATTHEW WOLL, who rails against Communists in “Liberty,” in a letter in the Scripps-Howard newspapers, of Jan. 29, declares, “The principle of high wages | How can workers in the United States have any Here, in the underlies the N.R.A. and the entire re- covery program.” Woll, claiming to be for “the high wage principle,” which he says Hoover also favored, states, “The maintenance or in- crease of profits now depends either upon a decrease in the cost or an increase in the volume of production, or both.” He be- lieves of course, that “maintenance or in- crease of profits” is necessary to “re- covery.” Thus, at the very moment when the N.R.A. is being reorganized, so as to cut wages and smash the unions, at the mo- ment when Roosevelt’s anti-labor drive is in full swing, Woll prates about higher wages as the “underlying principle” of Roosevelt’s program. Woll is throwing dust in the eyes of the workers to make it easier for Roosevelt to carry out the employers’ intensified anti-labor attacks. The New York Telegram, in a long answer to Woll, repeats Roosevelt’s pro- gram for a lower wage scale, with higher yearly average wages. This means wage- cuts, it means working longer hours to get the same pay, it means speed-up. Only the united front of the entire working class, in mass struggle, can de- feat Roosevelt’s wage cut drive, which Woll, Green and Co, are helping to ease in by their demagogic praise of the N.R.A. New Wage Cut Plans AGE-CUTS to lower the whole stand- ard of living of the workers, and in- crease profits, have now become one of the main aims of the Roosevelt government. The hearings of the National Industrial Recovery Board, which began in Washing- ton yesterday, are aimed at “reorganiz- ing” the N.R.A. so as to cut wages and block labors’ demand for the thirty hour week with full pay. The N.I.R.B, announced that these hearings will be held on the basis of “greater simplicity, flexibility, and uni- formity” of hours and wages in the N.R.A. codes. The N.I.R.B. favors maintaining “geographic and population and other wage differentials” in the codes as “significant realities of the present situation.” One of the chief demagogic arguments of Roosevelt for putting over wage-cuts is that the wage scale should be low and the yearly average wages maintained. Roosevelt said, “It is not very useful to pay a man ten dollars a day if he is em- ployed only sixty-five days in the year.” This argument has been used by the Roose- velt administration and the employers for cutting wages in the building trades, the auto industry, and other industries. The workers know that this is empty talk, that the wage scale will be lowered, but that yearly average wages will not rise but go down, if Roosevelt’s plan goes through, Roosevelt is carrying through the anti- union, wage-cutting drive of the employers, in his plan to “reorganize” the N.R.A. The Eleventh Time HE Senate Judiciary Committee of the N. Y. State Senate has refused to re- port on the child labor amendment. Thus responsibility for failing to ratify even this feeble step against child exploi- tation is, for the moment, stopped. This is the eleventh time! Republican legislatures, Democratic legislatures: Tweedledee, Tweedledum as far as labor is concerned. The party of Roosevelt and Lehman is as bad as the party of Hoover and Whit- man—for labor. The lesson for labor is clear: only the independent political action of the working class will aid the working class. Join the Communist Party 35 EAST 12TH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. Please send me more information on the Com- munist Party. NAME. ADDRESS democracy when their livelihood is at the mercy of the capitalists who control their jobs? | Party Life Growth of Unit Criticism of Weaknesses Program of Struggle | | Our unit has just been divided. This came about on the basis of the activity of every comrade in the unit. The unit is in Upper Harlem, and had a territory stretch- ing from 131st Street to 138rd Street. The membership of this unit was about fifty, mostly Negro work- | ers. Our unit was able to build itself, | by working on the block, in house- to-house work. In the summer we had open air meetings three times a week in our territory. Also, we had indoor meetings on Scottsboro. We were able to get the comrades | who were active in the Unemploy- ment Councils to recruit members to the unit. Inner Situation of Unit In so far as the political develop- ment of the unit is concerned, it is fairly good. We have had political discussions on the Negro question, the German situation, and the trade union question. These discussions | were linked up with the unit's work. | In order that the work of this | unit should become effective among | the masses of workers in the neigh- |borhood, division of the unit was |necessary. It became impossible to check-up on and know all of our forces, and set them to work with- out making this division. Therefore, Unit 423 has become Units 423 and 432, | Weaknesses of Old Unit Should Not | Be Repeated | While we can speak of successes of our unit, we cannot be satisfied. There are some high-light points and errors which the units should | Not reneat: 1. To have an intellectual in | unofficial control of the unit. | 2. No functioning bureau to lead the unit. 3. The Agitprop should plan discussions for the unit besides selling literature. 4. Communications should be read in the bureau meeting, dis- cussed in conjunction with the plan of work, and presented to the unit in a digested form in- stead of reading the whole com- munication to the unit. | 5. The squads should be estab- lished and the squad leader should |be in constant contact with his |squad members. 6. The old unit neglected . the | work of the Y.C.L. as well as the | problem of youth work as a whole. | The two units must develop the | Work among the youth, They must | send a representative to the Y.C.L. | unit which is in their territory. | If there is no Y.C.L. unit, one should be built. 7. The old unit did not concen- trate on certain houses in their territory. The new units must do this in order to become effective. | The abjective of the two units in their respective territory should be for a rent strike, against fire- traps, high rents, for needed al- terations. If these two units would develop such struggles, linking them up with Scottsboro, we would be so effective in our ter- ritory that not onty would we have another division of the units, but .the masses would come to us for advice. 8. In so far as the A. F. of L. locals, lodges, mass organizations, etc, which are not connected with our Party, are concerned, surely there must be some in this terri- tory which the old unit did not look for. The new units must go into them, if there are any, and build a strong fraction, 9. If there are any shops, A. & P. stores, cafeterias, we must strive to organize them. Comrades, the division of the old | unit shows not only the work that |the comrades have done. but also |that the objective conditions are | |ripening. That is why the Negro | mass€s are more or less radicalized, and that they are becoming revo- lutionized, If the objective condi- |tions are favorable, the two new | units should take advantage of this situation. If not, the Negro bour- | Seois reformists will beat us in win- ning the hegemony of these masses. Units 423 and 432, let’s go for- ward to win the hegemony of the masses in our territory which will give great impetus to the section work in Harlem. —Frem the Harlem Organizer. ANTI-RED ALLIANCE TOKIO, Jan. 29.—Chiang Kai- | Shek, chief native agent of the foreign capitalists in China, is carrying on negotiations with the | Japanese government, reports here and in Geneva declare, whose main | object is to gain the support of the Japanese militarists against the Hed ‘Army and Chinese Soviets. owners, and opening every factory in the country to produce for the welfare of the masses. This would be real democracy, working class demo- Says De Priest Speech Provoked Hostility New York, N. Y. | Comrade Editor: | I wish to take exception to the | opinion of Comrade M. W. in the letter criticizing the conduct of our | comrades at the debate between! Ford, Crosswaith and De Priest. | 'In the first place, the fundamental | correctness of the Communist posi- | tion and record on the Negro | question was effectively set forth at this meeting by the speech of Comrade Ford with its careful | | reasoning supported by facts in con- | | trast to the inanities of De Pries: | land the slanders of Crosswaitn. | | That the comrades did not boo De | | Priest in spite of his ludicrous and | obnoxious attempt to present the} | Republican Party as the friend of | | the Negro people ought to have} | proved to Comarde M. W. that it was only the provocation of Cross- | | waith which brought upon him the | demonstration of resentment. I do | not believe that our comrades should listen to such vicious attacks against the Scottsboro fight, such slander against the Communist Party and such uncouth attacks on the audience at the meeting without | protest. Just last week, for ex- ample, Crosswaith had accused Comrade Ford and our Party of not fighting against lynching because we objected to the Wagner-Costigan | Bill, that double-edged instrument which can be used by the lynche:s against those gathering to defend | themselves. | As to the effect, on the Socialist | members, I am sure that many sin- cere, thinking Socialists were im- Comrade Ford, by his sincere appeal for a-united front. They could not have failed to be ashamed of Cross- waith’s inability to present reason- ably his party's position and his | Bar Scab Products of | Comrade Editor: |not buy National Biscuit products. | Pressed by the logic and dignity of | better not quarrel with us. She knew that she would undoubtedly Inse_ THE SIGN OF THE SWASTIKA Because of the volume of letters re- ceived by the Department, we ean print only those that are of genera) interest to Daily Worker readers, How- ever, all letters received are carefully read by the editors, Suggestions and criticisms are welcome and whenever possible are used for the improvement ational Biscuit New York, N. Y, In our neighborhood the grocery stores are still selling the National | Biscuit Company products. It seems to me that our block organizations should be doing something to stop this. Some of the siores claim to have old stock, but one store in par- | ticular, at 255 First Avenue, seems | to have ample supplies and’ I am told he gets it by mail. One store which advertises in your paper also | has National Biscuit Company sup- | plies on the shelves, claiming it is| old stock. If we started some action we'd get plenty of response. Te Foe J New York, N. Y. Comrade Editor: Here is an example of what stu- dents can do to help the Unesda Biscuit strikers. A few of us saw a package marked “National Biscuit Company” being delivered by mail to the lunchroom in school. We immediately went to the proprietor of the lunch room in a committee and told her that since the Uneeda Bakers were on strike, she should She became quite flustered but sip was forced to tell the mailman to return the package. She knew, from previous experience, that she hed much business if she did. Students in all high schools and colleges should take similar action to keep Uneeda products off the resorting to slander to defend the bankruptcy of his position. M, B. T. lunch counters and help win the | Strike. L A STUDENT. government with an America from the ranks of the working class and toiling farm- ers, which has seized the mea power into its own hands! by Burck Material Requested on Political Prisoners Newark, N. J. | Comrade Editor: In conjunction with our Paris Commune celebration, March 17, 1935 at Sokol Hall, we are going to hold a Politica! Prison Exhibit from 6:30 to 8:30 in the evening. Implements of torture used on prisoners, chains on chain-gangs, sweat. boxes,. hand-cuffs, etc., will be on display as well as “Voices from Prison,” letters from political pris- oners, such as Mooney, Scottsboro, Herndon, Sacco-Vanzetti, McNa- mara and others. We want to take this means to appeal to any one who by some chance came into possession of such material to communicate with us in regard to lending it to us for this day. This exhibit, which will expose the brutality visited upon political prisoners, will be also a means by which we can raise funds for relief for political prisoners and their families, PRISONERS RELIEF DEPT., International Labor Defense, 196 Market Street, Newark, N. J. Suggests More Humor For Popular Paper Brooklyn,N. Y. Comrade Editor: I have read with lively interest the discussion centering about pro- ducing a “Daily” which would ap- peal to the masses. I have several suggestions to make. More features are needed. Why not have Sender Garlin write 2 col- umn other than “Change the | World?” Another suggestion is a) column which satirizes the “ruling class.” Get Robert Forsythe to write it. Get more humor ahd shorts. [ agree with the comrade who quested that the front page he: lines be written to reach non-sym- pathetic readers. W. R. “This country, with its institutions, belongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing govern- ment, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it, or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it.” —ABRAHAM LINCOLN. n Soviet Congress, elected ns of production and class | World Front |'——- By HARRY GANNES —— | Civil War In Uruguay Against a Dictator | Struggle for Latin America IVIL WAR rages in Urue | guay, smallest republic. of | Latin America. An effort is | being made to oust President | Gabriel Terra, who is trying to install himself as a dictator in the style of Machado, former president of Cuba. Details of the revolt are lacking, as a coms | Plete censorship has been clamped | down, | But it appears from the reports | available coming through Argen- tina that various bourgeois opposi- tion groups, in view of the growing mass discontent, have made great headway in seizing various cities in the interior. They are now opening up armed attacks in Montevideo, the |capital. The government troops are | Teported as unreliable. President Terra wro was elected to |@ four-year term on March 1, 1931, | had his rump cabinet modify the | constitution so that he could con- |tinue in power for another four years, which is supposed to expire | in 1938. He was elected for his sec- jond termy by the Constituent As- | Sembly on March 21, 1934, with only |four dissenting votes—the votes of | the Communist deputies. . 8 # Soe: is an extremely im- portant country for the prosecu- tion of the imperialist-inspired war | between Paraguay and Bolivia over ; the Gran Chaco oil region. There is not the slightest doubt that both President Terra and his bourgeois opponents who seek to set up an- other government, basically not dif- ferent from his, are connected with the forces involved in the Paraguay- Bolivia war, Most of the British and Amer- ican arms going to the warring Latin-American countries pass from Letters From Our Readers |e: There has been an intense battle on between British and Ameri- can imperialism for control in Uruguay. British capitalism has $200,900,000 invested in the coun- try, with $72,730,000 in railroads, Wail Street has sunk $81,000,000 in the country. The Roosevelt regime has been striving hard to win this market away from the British. This tussle has been intensified particularly as a result of the Para- | guay-Bolivia war, mainly a war of the Standard Oil and the British Dutch Shell for the extremely val- uable oil regions near Fort Balli- van, Bolivia, and for the right-of- way to the sea along the Pilmico river. Sate 'HE civil war in Uruguay is & } symptom of the growing instabil- ity of native landlord-capitalist rule and imperialist domination through- out Latin America. During the past | five years of crisis there have been | similar uprisings in Argentina, | Chile, Peru, while in Cuba, as weil as in Chile, the fight took on more of a mass character against the whole structure of native capitalist- |landlord and imperialist domination, The rising strike wave in Brazil, Mexico, Porto Rico and Cuba ave indications of the mounting resist- ance of the toiling masses to the miserable conditions now being im- posed on them after nearly six years of crisis. The economic crash hit the colonial-agrarian countries much harder and much earlier than the imperialist metropolis. These wars, such as in Paraguay- Bolivia, are spearheads of the brews ing greater imperialist war through= out the world for a re-division of the colonies and a more intensified | drive for world markets. The two | chief centers of the world today, in this respect, are China and Latin America. The Roosevelt regime, through its “good neighbor” policy, hes been trying to win over the | various puppet regimes in Latin America on the side of Wall Street. Speer 'HE decay of Nazi culture is very well indicated not: only by the precipitious decline in the number of newsparrrs published and their sinking circulation, but in the num- ber of books published under the Hitler regime. In 1933, 21,000 books were published or re-issued in Gere many as against 28,000 in 1928, be- fore Hitler took over power. The number of translations from for eign languages, in the same period, dropped from 750 to 285. Even the books issued showed a great increase in military propa- ganda and in Fascist Party docus ments. Another item on Nazi culture: The two largest phonograph record firms in Germany, “Lindstroem” and “Deutsche Gramophon A. G.,” ree |ported a drop of 4,000,000 and | 5,000,000 marks, respectively, in their business last year. } f