The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 1, 1930, Page 5

DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, THURSDAY, MAY 1, 1930 ~~ Page Five Hundreds of thousands of worke: their health to produce profits for the bosses, rs’ children in the United States are starving to death, Over 8,000,000 child laborers are shattering But in the Soviet Union above photograph) scientific homes for the care and health of the workers’ children are maintained. THE SOVIET UNION WILL Vi industrial development, with huge benefits for the workers, while in the capitalist lands misery, hunger and starvation stalk the streets. Above is shown thousands of workers greeting the opening of a new oil refinery which means the building of Sucialism. Soviet Tractors—For the advancement of the Five Year Plan. The Friends of the Soviet Union calls upon all workers in the United States to show their solidarity with their fellow-workers in the Soviet Union in a real manner, by contributing to the Tractor and Truck Fund. Send all contributions to the F. S. U., 175 Fifth Ave. wee a aE gg ee “oy ELEBRATE THE VICTORIOUS UPBUILDING OF SOCIALISM!” COT Ta Whalen and Walker, Capone and Rockefeller spend their vacae 4 tions in Florida at the expense of the workers— In the Soviet Union, the above photograph, shows one of the czarist mansions which belongs to the workers and has been transformed into a rest home—for the workers! Demonstrate May Day For The Defense Of The . Soviet Union! Friends of Soviet Union Issues Call to All Workers in U.S. A. To ,ll Workingmen and Women! To All Friends of the Soviet Union! First of May, the holiday of the workers throughout the world, the day on which the workers demon- strate their strength and protest against the capitalist system of ex- ploitation—May First, 1930, takes on an added significance. It is not only a day of promise for the work- ing class, but a day of great achievement of the Soviet workers and peasants. The great success of the Five- Year Plan of socialist construction translates into actual concrete fact the aims and ideals of May First. These aims and ideals have been surpassed by remarkable economic; and cultural advances in the First Workers Republic. New gigantic enterprises are springing up all over the U. S. S. R., as a result of the revolutionary enthusiasm of the Soviet workers and peasants. So- cialization of agriculture is being carried through at a speed in ex- cess of the most optimistic calcula- tions. In capitalist countries un- employment is steadily increasing. In America, the most highly ad- vanced industrial country in the world, there are 7 million workers unemployed—in the Soviet Union the standard of living for the work- ers and-peasants is daily improving, and when the Five-Year Plan is reclized there Will exist no unem- ployment in the Soviet Union. The q-hour day and the 5-day week is/ being introduced into all industries. Mlliteracy, the bane of the workers and peasants in pre-revolutionary Russia is being rapidly eliminated. Everywhere evidences are to be seen of a new higher order of society, of the successful building up of social- ism. May Day this year is a day cf fulfillment, of achievements. The Union of Socialist Soviet Republics shines out in the light of encourage- ment and inspiration to the toiling masses of the entire world. At the same time, May First this year comes at a time when the Socialist Fatherland is threatened with interference and war.. The holy crusade instigated by the im- perialist of the world, with the aid of the pope and the whole clergy, the Fascist mobilization under the guise of patriotism throughout the world against the working class, with the aid of the social democrats | and reactionary trade union leaders, | is only a pretext for war against | the Soviet Union. Here in America, the imperialist government, with the aid of Mr. Green, president of the American Federation of Labor, the arch-enemy of the working class, has organized the American Lagion and other patriotic societies to demonstrate the First of May their readiness to make war against the Soviet Re- public, and against the working class |as a whole. It is no accident that these strike- breaking organizations have joined with the white guards—the bloody hordes of the former Czar, who have caused many a pogrom in Czarist Russia and have slaughtered, in cold \blood, thousands of workers during the revolution. These white guards will march together with the Ameri- }ean Legion, under the banner of | “democracy.” The American workers still re- member the sending of American \troops to Northern Russia and to | Siberia in 1918, in an attempt to overthrow the First Soviet Republic. We urge all workers to raise their ‘voice in protest against these Fascist | maneuvers. May First, the day of | solidarity of the working class, must |be made a day of solidarity of the workers of the world with the work- ers and peasants of the Soviet Union against the war plotters, fascists, and all other enemies of the work- ling class. Our slogans must be: Every Worker Behind the Work- ers and Peasants of the Soviet Union in Defense of U. S. S. R. Against the Threa‘ened Attack of World Imper- ialism! Down With Capitalist Oppression! Down With the Betrayers of the | Working Class! | Long Live the Working Class |Solidarity Throughout the World! | Strengthen the Organization of the Friends of the Soviet Union! Join the Friends of the Soviet Union! Long Live the First Workers Republic! Friends of Soviet Union, United States Section, 175 Fifth Ave., Room 511, New York, N.Y. EXHIBITION FIVE ON THE YEAR PLAN The Friends of the Soviet Union at the earliest possible date will announce the opening of a most im- portant and interesting affair, an Exhibition of the Five-Year Plan. This same exhibition has been run- ning in many countries of Europe and it was also shown at the Inter- national Conference of the Friends of the Soviet Union in Essen last March where the delegates from verious parts of the world had a ghance to study this exhibition. Tt consists partly of maps, charts, graphic material, such as posters, Plustrations, statistical tables, photos ete. made in the Soviet Union. The material is strikingly made up in the modernistic manner, and the charts are compiled in sequence be- gimning with the conditions of eco- prior to the war, and continu- ‘ng thru the various periods, such as the revolutionary, the counter- revolutionary, reconstruction, the anti of 1928-28 and the Five-Year "sgn period. All phases of the national eco- +omy—industrial, agrarian and cul- tural are taken up for discussion, illustration and comparison, so that each person viewing the exhibition obtains a splendid idea of the en- ormous task that the workers and peasants of the Soviet Union have taken upon themselves to accomplish. Let us consider a few specific ex- amples: Chart No. 7 takes up the qui n From An Agricultural-In- dustrial Country to An Industrial Agrarian Country.” By means 0f figures, pictures and quotations from Lenin we learn that in 1927-28, 41 per cent. of the existing basic capital belonged to agriculture, the share of agriculture in 1932-33 will amount to only 30.4 per cent. of the total. Industry will have risen from 14 per cent. in 1927-28 to 22.8 per cent. by end of the Five-Year Plan, DEFEND SOVIET UNION DAY, S @ which proves that contrary to the assertion of bourgois “observers” the Soviet Union is being transformed into a. predominantly industrial country and in which the share of private capital sinks to naught. Chart No. 24 is called “To Over- take and To Surpass.” This gives @ comparison of what the U.S.S.R. workers intend to do in the basic industries in comparison to what will be done by the most important of the cdptalist nations. Taking the year 1928 at 100 per cent. the following figures stand out as a challenge and also as a fullfillment of the slogan above: Coal: America 105 per cent., Soviet Union 211.8 per. cent; petroleum, America 162 per -cent., Soviet Uuion 191 per cent.;Steel, America 110 per cent, Soviet Union 260 per cent; Electric Power, America, 144.8 per cent. Germany 161 per cent.; U. S. S. R., 431.4 per cent. To continue to describe the whole of the 24 charts would take too long, therefore we will leave it until you visit the Exibition, and we will pass on to some other features of the show. There will be an exhibition of the International Workers Camera Clubs, with hundreds of photos and snaps from the Soviet Union, Germ- any, U. S. A. ete. Another corner will feature posters, cartoons, etc. all popularizing the Five-Year Plan —this is particularly interesting also because of the newness of the posters, the moderness dnd also bringing out features of poster art not seen in America. There will also be motion pictures showing the soviet workers and peasants at work. A Russian Tea Room where all visi- tors will be served free of charge— peasant handicraft, Russian food, and other things will also be found. By EDITH RUDQUIST. One of the most interesting and remarkable phases of life at. the present time in the Soviet Union is the collective farm movement. Century old customs and tools are being cast aside for the most modern implements, for machines and tech- nical equipment used in large scale farming. The collectivization pro- gram has revolutionized the Russian village. The consequences are far reaching; everything old is being discarded for everything new. When one considers the difficulties under backwardness of the Russian peas- ants, the primitiveness of their life, their fear and superstitious hatred for anything new, only then does one fully realize the significance of the change, of the tremendous force that has been let loose, the enormous latent vitality that is now being capitalized’ for the benefit of the Proletarian State. What Is a Collective Farm? A collective farm is organized upon the initiative of the peasants themselves. Briefly, it consists of the pooling of the resources, land and equipment of the peasants. In- stead of millions of small individual holdings there will be large collec- tive farms, were machine and tractor greater output of grain of these col- lective farms makes i$ possible for the peasants to increase their standard of living. This vital factor brings the peasants into the collec- tive farms. “ Peasants All Into the Collective Farm.” This is the slogan, the demand of which this is being carried on, the | farming is carried on. The° tre- mendous saving of labor and materials, and the corresponding | }the most advanced sections of the |peasantry. There is unheard of activity in the villages these days. | City workers, pioneer agitators for |the collective farm movement have penetrated the slumbering peaceful} Russian villages. Meeting, meetings, | meetings! They last until dawn! The peasants question these speakers | The attitude is often skeptical, they | refuse to believe all they hear, but | they do not miss a single word— and*having heard all, they take time to discuss—at their meetings, among | ‘themselves. « And they think, turn- |ing the problem over and over in | their. shrewd heads. They never miss a meeting, they keep the speakers busy answering questions, | jand then comes the moment—the | | tense moment when the decision is} | made to join— and the demands of | ives, the forerunners is| nto the Collectives”! The Delegation From the Village Goes to Moscow! Having formed the kolhoz (col- lective farm) the next step is the procuring of all necessary equip-| ment. The government has extended eredits for the purchase of agricul- tural machinery, seed and fertilizers. By the end of the Five-Year Plan, 1933, the collective farms will be| self supporting and they will have | taken over the major portion of the| jarable land. These kolhoz’ will | supply grain in sufficient quantity for both home consumption and ex-! FROM WOODEN PLOUGHS TO TRACTORS to the village. The peasants makeahead into a mighty army—all work- demands—these demands must edie, fighting and sacrificing to- met—all the sluggishness, bureau-| gether in the struggle for the social- cracy and‘indifference in the buro’s| ist construction of the villages. is forcibly Swept aside. The peas- Gillatire sFateaat.the FSU, antry has awakened to a new life! ‘ It is makirig more and greater de-|_ To such a collective farm, in the mands than ever before. The tempo | Chopiersky district the tractors that of the collective farm movement is|the American section of the Friends so swift that the workers in the|of the Soviet Union donated were factories must increase production|sent. With this gift we made it in order to keep up with these de-| possible for these peasants to begin mands. More machinery, more|their collective farm work this tractors, more fertilizer, as well as| Spring. We made it possible for more live stock and draught animals. | them to fight all the old remnants These things the delegates of the;of the bourgoisie existing in the peasants must bring back with them. | village, the kulaks, the priests and Their demands spur on the in-|their hangers-on. The soviet peas- dustrial workers—the peasants must | ants have fought them with the carry thru their collectivization things which have decisive deadly work, therefore the workers—the | effects--modern meachinery, tractors most advanced section of the workers|and other agricultural equipment, —exert themselves to the utmost | modern ideas, scientific farming and to make this possible. » |the whole-hearted support of the |peasants. ‘The thousands of in- dustrial workers who come as vol- unteers to these collectives, drivers and mechanics, bring with them pro- \letarian ideas and socialist culture into the villages. Speed up the Collections for More i _ Tractors The duty of the American workers is to aid these peasants in carrying out their program—for the complete industrialization and mechanization of the village. We must send more tractors—more machinery—. We Peasants Forge Ahead Figures tell the real story. In the village of Toba, e. g., the poor and middle class peasants took up the matter of collectivization. They decided on two years as the date for the full collectivization of the di trict. On February Ist, 1930— per cent, had been collectivized and | on February 10th—70 per cent. (Figures from Imprecorr No. 15 page 323.) Of course every district has not succeeded to the same ex- tent as has Tolba, but the figures The Soviet By L. L. ! To be a friend of the Soviet Union means more than an expression of sympathy and good wishes for the First Workers Republic—it means a readiness to stand behind the First \ Workers Republic—to defend it against all attacks, and to partici- pate in the struggle of the Soviet workers and peasants towards the building of socialism. | In the Soviet Union, workers and peasants, men and women, old and young, are all doing their utmost to complete the Five-Year Plan in| FOUR YEARS. The success of the} Five-Year Plan means the streng- thening of the U, S. S. R., means industrial independence, means a challenge to the entire capitalist | world and all enemies of the work- ing class in their effort to discredit and destroy the Soviet Union. It also means the strengthening of the | forces of defense against any attack of the imperialists of the world. The Soviet workers and peasants know their task and are sacrificing Task of Building Socialism In The Success of Five-Year Plan Is Challenge to } Capitalism Up Union £ the workers that in order to import machinery they must pay in gold, or in products; the Soviet workers know and understand the reason for the scarcity of butter, eggs and other products in which the Soviet Union is so r However, they also know that every success achieved by the U. S. . means a success for them and for the working class throughout the world. Every improvement in the Soviet Union means an improvement in the life of the workers. Rationalization in the Soviet Union does not throw millions of workers out on the streets, but means shorter working hours, increased productivity bene- fiting every worker, and better working conditions. American workers must show their solidarity by participating in the Five-Year Plan. Our slogan must be MORE TRACTORS AND TRUCKS FOR THE FIVE-YEAR PLAN. Every worker should col- lect in his shop, factory, and his union from his neighbors and friends, and do his utmost to par- of the collective, a delegation is| the peasants are behind the move- elected to go to Moscow or some|ment and that the kulak element other industrial center and there | with the aid of the priests no longer confer with the technicians and ex-|are the bosses of the village. The jport. In order to carry out the work | from all over the U.S.S.R. show that | must go forward with the soviet peasants for the collectives! Ameri- can workers, all to the support of the Five-Year Plan! Forty More to bring about its success. Men|ticipate in the task of building so- and women alike, are working day |cialism in the Soviet Union. We and night, sacrificing to the ‘utmost. | must give our pennies and nickels One can see men, women and chil-|to the Soviet workers to aid them perts. Tractors, fertilizer, sceds are | needed—experts on machine farm- ing, on irrigation, on the financing of large scale farming ete. must go tractors from America to the col- lectives! Forward to the aid of the Broletarian State! Long live the Soviet Union! Soviet peasants, under the leader- ship of the communists, the young workers and the most active of the non-party peasants are forging By ANNA RICHTER The war preparations and attacks suming ever wider dimensions. The Five-Year Plan for, the industrial- ization of the country, for the col- lectivization of agriculture in the Soviet Union spurs the attacks of the imperialists of the world. At this time maximum effort must be exerted for the strengthening and broadening of the organization of the Soviet Union to enable it to counteract all the lies and slanders broadcast by the capitalists about the conditions in the Soviet Union, and to spread among the broad masses of workers the truth sbout the First Workers and Peasants’ State. The following are excerpts from letters received by the Friends of the Soviet Union that testify to the great interest in the Soviet Union by American workers and friends, and the confidence in which the Friends of the Soviet Union is hel “I am sure that we are all anxious to do all we can to combat the propaganda disseminated’ by foes of the First Workers’ Republic; and one of the best ways to do this, as- | great success and an answer to the monopolistic powers.” By HARRIET SILVERMAN Secretary F.S.U. New York Dist. The F. S. U, has the task in this country to rally the workers in shop, factory, mill and mine to defend the gains of the Russian Revolution and to organize an iron resistance to every move against the Soviet Union. Through the F. S. U,, we must help clear the air of poisonous propaganda, sent through the chan- nels of the yellow press. Through the F..S. U., we can bring before the broad masses of workers the practftal achievements of the Soviet Union and the steady progress to- wards a higher and better life for the workers, : The Five Year Plan must be made a living picture before the workers— an indictment against the chaos of capitalist production with its speed up system and rationalization, which yields only want and hunger, the chronic disease of unemployment, misery and oppression for the work- ing class, while the exploiters live in luxury. The collectivization pro- gram in contrast with the dispos- sessed and bankrupt tenant farmers of the United States, the housing program of the Soviet Union in contrast with the fire-trap tene- ments, the schools to wipe out il- teracy in the Soviet Union, the system of social insurance from From Coast T against the Soviet Union are as-| Here is a letter from one who| signs himself “An American Peas-} | ant”: “I am a dirt farmer and would} like mighty well to help the Rus-! | sian workers at socializing the land. But I have no money. So I am en- | closing only a dime, for which send | |me your literature on the Five-Year | | Plan, the Continuous Working Week |and The Religious Issue. Do you} know what is the greatest drama) |on earth today? It’s the Five-Year | | Plan, the race Russia is running to realize her theories, to make a | prosperous example of herself be- fore the imperialists can intervene and destroy her ‘experiment.’ Should | Russia lose, the world would be set | back maybe a hundred years. Rus- | sia does not need to propagandize— her sheer example is enough to put {the skids under the capitalists. And that’s just how she is terrify- ing the grafters all over the world! All power to the Soviets and the old hammer and sickle!” | Here is one from a Baptist min- ister: “Your pamphlet on the Trac- | tor and Truck Campaign received. Judging from conditions in the | | United States, the workers of this | need of mechanics. I have had wide | tivities, more tractors and trucks | |country will soon have to ask as-| suredly, is to aid in every possible | sistance from the workers of the|toolmaking work, and I way to make the Five-Year Plan a Soviet Union. Stranger things than | great desire to help the cause along | of the Soviet Union must become a that have happened!” | We could go on quoting indefi-! | Soviet Union for permanent resi- o Coast With The Friends Of Soviet Union nitely from such letters received. | ment shops and the reason I want They are constantly pouring in re-|to go to the Soviet Union is be- questing information about the| cause I feel it my duty as a worker Five-Year Plan, the continuous} to give my little help.” wcrking week and every other phase| Here is another: “We should like of Russian life. Numerous individ-) to know as much as you can tell us uals have also been calling at the| about he collective farm near Mos- F\S.U. office offering to deposit)cow to which the Friends of the money in a Soviet Bank, One such | Soviet Union contributes. Also, how applicant has $10,000 which he) may an American worker qualify to would not entrust to any but a So-| become a worker on this farm?” viet bank. Unfortunately we have} More proof of the avid desire on no such department connected with the part of American workers to our organization. |participate in the work of the Hundreds of letters are also re-| Friends of the Soviet Union come ceived daily from all over the United| from letters from S.F.U. secre- States from workers representative | taries throughout the country, who of every industry and profession, | report that they are making connec- expressing their desire to go to the tions with organizations and work- lers who have remained isolated dence and do their bit towards the | from the American labor movement establishing of socialism. The re-|for years, but who are actively in- quests have become so numerous | terested in the Soviet Union and in that it became necessary for us to|the struggles of its workers and take this matter up with the U.S.S.R.| peasants in building socialism. with the object of establishing a/ This May First must give a new Bureau for Technical Aid to the and greater impetus to the work of U.S.S.R. in connection with the the Friends of the Soviet Union. Friends of the Soviet Union. More branches must be established The following are a few examples |in those cities where they are now of such letters received: |nonexistent; greater masses of “Please inform me if Russia is in| workers must be drawn into its ac- experience in machine tools and|must be sent to the Soviet Union have a/|for the Five-Year Plan. The Friends this line. For many years I have| mighty organization for the support been working in, the U. S. Govern- and defense of the Soviet Union! childhood to old age as a protection for the working class, the seven- hour day, the five day week—these gains, brought before the workers in this country will build the F.S.U. \to support—yes, to follow after the land where the workers and peas- ants rule, A campaign has been started to have the uniens and fraternal or- ganizations affiliate with the F. S. U. on the basis of $10.00 a year membership dues. Through the or- ganization of the F. S. U. Anti- | War Committees in the shops, work- While the American patriotic societies are celebrating Declaration Day and holding prayers through- out the country for the fallen war- riors of capitalist wars, where thousands of workers have laid down their life to enrich the money-bags of the imperialists of the world, the workers in New York will celebrate | the 81st of May as the First Year |of Achievement of the Five-Year Plan,and they will demonstrate their readiness to defend the Soviet Union, "The Fatherland of the Workers” against_all_ its_enemies. Come in Mass to the Out-Door ‘Festival Arranged by the Friends dren on the streets of Moscow and| Leningrad collecting junk for indus- trialization purposes. The workers consume less butter, eggs, give) away part of their wages—all for) the Five-Year Plan. Old women have broken away from their religi- ous superstitions and are bringing | their candle sticks, crosses and| other religious paraphernalia to ie converted and used for the Five- Year Plan. The economic blockade | against the Soviet Union has taught | in their efforts to build socialism. Those who work must make it their business to put aside at least one dollar a week for the FiveYear Plan. Those unemployed should speak to their friends who are em- ployed and solicit donations for the Five-Year Plan. Send all contributions to National Office Friends of the Soviet Union 175 Kifth Avenue Room 511 New York City UNDER 5 By A. B. MAGIL. One of the most significant phases | of the upbuilding of Socialism in| the Soviet Union i. the cultural re- | volution by which millions of people} who, under the czar, could not read) or write, are being raised not only | to the plane of literacy, but beyond, ‘where they become participants ia the mass cultural activities of the Workers Republic. In 1913, out of 100 persons in | Russia, 75.6 were illiterate. By 1928- |29, as a result of the intense educa- | tional work carried on by the Soviet government, this figure had been reduced to 46 out of every 100 per- sons, cultural and educational work, pro- vides for a speeding up of the cam- paign against illiteracy, and by the end of the five-year period 1932-33 { only 18 out of every 100 persons will be illiterate. In the most important districts of the country illiteracy will | be completely wiped out and for the 1000, i. CULTURAL REVOLUTION YEAR PLAN e., by 75 per cent. The ad- dition, 40,000 new travelling libraries are being organized. “The press—all newspapers in the Soviet Union are workers’ papers— will be- increased threefold in five years, or cight times the pre-war level. The circulation of the news- papers will be increased from 1,700,- 000 in 1927-28 to 5,000,000 in 1932+ 33, The publication of books will be more than doubled and the issuing of mass literature will he increased five to sixfold. Ths movies are recognized in the Soviet Union as a cultural force of tremendous power and the Five-Year Me ee {Plan provides for a great increase : The Five-Year Plan, which) i, the facilities for showing films. includes a complete program of | Moving picture equipment will be in- creased from 8,520 to 50,000 (of which 14,000 will be for schools), a growth of about 600 per cent. |Righty per cent. of all clubs will |have movie equipment and there will be at least three movie theatres in every district. | Radio is also looked upon as DEFEND THE USSR DAY with the workers and peasants of the Soviet Union. Through the or- ‘ganization F. 8: -Uy, a steady Se chde Sacation’ sun be carried on against. the. imperialist. enemies, who though divided on the question of the strength of their armies and navies, até‘ united in the common aim, and are rushing at top speed the preparations for an armed attack on.the Soviet Union. May First, the day of historic struggle of the workers,: opens the campaign to build the F. S. U. mem- of the Soviet Union at, Ulmer Park, |May 31, 1930. A very rich program is being prepared with prominent artists. A Soviet film of the Giant Giant Collectivization of the farms the first time shown in America. Dancing until morning. Prominent speakers and other attractions. Ad- mission on 50¢, which will go for the publication of a Soviet Pictorial which will spread the truth about the Soviet Union. Tickets in advance 35c, to be had at the following offices: FORWARD TO A-MASS F. S.U. -era niust be Sogadisea 46F solidarity bership in the New York district. The campaign is directed into the shops and factories, out on the }street.at-the factory gates, and into workers’ organizations. In 1921, the F. S. U, numbered cloge to 25,000 ‘members in this territory. a@ powerful support for the Soviet Union res- passive friends of the Soviet Union. Yes, more than this, not merely to demand recognition, but to’ prove ready to defend the Proletarian Dic- tatorship at whatever cost. The membership campaign be- ginning May First, will reach its climax the last three days of May— 29, 30 and 31—Defend the Soviet Union Days. On May 31, there will be a united front demonstration at Ulmer Park of workers from shops, unions and fraternal organizations to celebrate the progress of the Five Year Plan—to demonstraté in de- fense of the USSR, to demonstrate against the day set aside to com- memorate the last imperialist world war, against the coming imperialist attack against the Soviet Union. We go forward to organize and build the F. S. U. for fighting re- sistance against all enemies of the tional Office, F.S.U.—175th Fifth Avenue, N.Y.C., Room 511. First Workers and Peasants Re- public. youth (12 to 15 years) the aim is/ mighty cultural force and is making 100 per cent literacy by 1932-38.) rapid progress in the Soviet Union. (At present 3,000,000 youths are) ‘The Five-Year Plan calls for 20 being taught to read and write.)/ times as many radio sets in 1932-33 jIn the towns 93 per cent. of the /as in 1927-28, or 7,000,000 instead of |Population will be literate. | 350,000 sets. At least half of all Elementary education is being ar-| workers’ dwellings and 3,000,000 | ranged in such a way that by the! peasant houses, as well as all the jend of the five years all children of workers’ clubs, people>” houses, read- the Soviet Union from eight to| ing huts, schools, barracks, collective | 1927-28 and 7,000,000 in 1914. In no country in the world is there | such a widespread, organized cam- |paign against illiteracy as in the |Soviet Union. In the United States, | which prides itself on its educational | System, thousands of workers, par- ticularly in the South, are unable to read or write. In education, as in other fields, Negroes are the victims jot discrimination, being either denied educational opportunities or segre- gated in separate schools where faci- |lities are inferior to those in the white schools. In the Soviet Union on the cther hand, all nationalities have equal educational opportunities and complete cultural autonomy. One of the features of the cultural life of the Soviet Union are the read- ing huts that are scattered through- out the country, where workers gather iy their leisure time to read books and periodicals. Under the Five-Year Plan these reading huts will be increased from 22,000 to 38,- We must again build the F. S. U.— eleven will attend the elementary} and Soviet farms and Red corners, structure of workers | Schools. As a result, the elementary | will have radio sets by 1932-38. | schools will .be attended by 17,009,-| \ponsive to every call—active, not 000 children as against 9,500,000 in. is a reality in the Soviet Union; and We see that the cultural revolution under the Five-Year Plan it is marching forward with giant strides, \Canada Labor Defense Fights for Doherty | HAMILTON, Canada, April 30.— Full support of the Canadian Labor Defense League is being mobilized |to the defense of Leonard D. Do- herty, Boston marine worker, whom the Canadian government is attemp- ‘ting to extradite on a frame-up |murder charge. | One hundred and sixty four dele- gates representing 94 organizations jattended the conference which was |addressed by J. Louis Engdahl, gen- eral secretary of the International Labor Defense. Engdahl told of the attempt being made to deport Do- |herty and the need of a joint cam- paign on the part of the workers o® Canada and the United States to prevent his deportation, + AT. MAY 31—HAIL 5-YR. PLAN AT ULMER PARK B’KLYN CELEBRATION Rs | {