The Daily Worker Newspaper, January 16, 1926, Page 5

‘ J h ~* where sitffering’ ist teported™ to™ Workers MINERS FIGHT TO WIN STRIKE AN ANTHRACITE Clash with Drivers of Coal Trucks By PAT TOOHEY. (Worker Correspondent) PLAINS, Pa., Jan. 14— After the general grievance committee of Lo- cal Union 1483, U. M, W. of A., per- Buaded a group of men who were rking on the old culm banks here to quit, a truck load of the coal from the canal bed was stopped. The: driver. refused to stop at the request of the union committee, About 300 miners had assembled and by this time an- other truck made its appearance. This also refused to stop. Stones and clubs were soon’ flying all over. The driver was deeply cut in the head by a flying rock, the other sev- erely ‘beaten by) ‘the crowd of men and boys. This ‘is the first minifesta- tion ‘of violence in ‘the Wilkes-Barre section, The driver stated several shots were fired at him. Now Guard «Refuse, The attempt of the union commit- tees to stop thehauling of coal from the ‘canal beds and culm banks con- tinue, refuses to haul any coal whatever. The operators are utilizing the present strike by having workers put to work on the canal beds and culm banks re- claiming coal that was lost among the slate, rock and other refuse. This refuse has been lying untouch- ed for many years, but now the bos- ses have guards watching the culm banks for fear the workers may steal a bucket to keep warm, The bosses have this coal’ separated fromthe re- fuse, washed in the river and then sold to the “anthracite consuming public.” Four young miners were arrested at Ashland for attempting to remove some of this culm bank coal to their homes. They were held for court. In many places workers are being ar- rested for taking this refuse coal in order to keep warm at home. In most Instances they carinot afford the price of a ton of coal, if coal were obtain- able. Central Body Aids. ; Scranton Central Labor Union yesterday contributed $200.00 to be used in relief work among the chil- dren of the miners in the isolated mining towns adjacent to Scranton more acute than elsewhere. The C. L, U. also appointed a committee to solicit additional funds for relief work from the various unions and fraternal organizations in the Scranton terri- tory. A letter to Lewis and Inglis from the Greater Wilkes-Barre real estate board, a joint letter bearing the name of practically every concern affiliated with the local chamber of commerce, and a letter from the editors of the sixteen capitalist dailies in the an- thracite field were sent within the past few days. Everybody is joining the chorus now. First it was the priests and the hospitals, then come this aggregation. The “pleas” for ‘everlasting peace” are contained in all of them, but if these “pleas” are carefully read one can find a slam at the union. The “pleas” of the editors end with the following “advice.” A Plea—For Arbitration. “Better arbitration with full dinner pails, comfortable homes with warm clothing, than failure of gollective bargaining and strike with empty stomachs.” None of these “appeals” champion the cause of the miners, none encour- age them to fight it to a finish, but all “in the name of god” and then for the sake of “humanity” urge the miners to accept arbitration, the lolly- pop of the operators. RUSSIAN “LIVING” NEWSPAPER OUT SAT. AT WORKERS’ HOUSE. The fourth issue of Prolet-Tribune, the Russian living newspaper issued by the Chicago worker correspon- dents of the Novy Mir, will be out this Saturday, Jan. 16, at the Work- ers’ House, 1902 W. Division St. The Prolet-Tribune is very po- pular among the ‘Russian workers of Chicago and usually draws a big crowd. THE FIRST PRIZE WINNER. To date the Teamsters’ Union|’ THE WINNERS! HIS week the three prizes go to a stockyard worker, a garment worker and a domestic worker, Handbook,” by W. H. Emmit, goes present employed in this industry. The first prize, “Marxian Economic to the stockyard worker who is at So necessary is it for him to re- main there that we even leave out the name of the city where he works at the present time, as well as his name rather than risk his identity being revealed. “December the Fourteenth,” by Demitri Merezhkovsky, the sec- ond prize, goes to Nellie Halperin, an ardent fighter for the left wing a Chicago garment worker who is within the garment workers’ union and has been thru many a battle with the reactionary officialdom. _ The third prize, the original drawing of a DAILY WORKER cartoon, framed, goes to a domesti¢ worker employed as a housemaid in a bourgeois home in Oakland, Calif. Next Week’s Prizes ,. First Prize: Second Prize: “Capital,” by Karl Marx, first volume, “Ancient. Society,” by Morgan. This book ex- plains the development of society from savagery thru barbarism to civilization. It was acclaimed. as a masterpiece by both Marx and pn Engels at the time of its publication. Third Prize: eoframed. A neuer WORKER cartoon, original drawing. THE THIRD PRIZE WINNER, THE Y LOVED HER-WHILE SHE SLAVED; - THEY THREW-HER OUT LIKE SO MUCH RUBBISH WHEN “OAKLAND, Calif,, Jan. 14.—Many pelled to do the will of the mistress. WORKERS BEATEN AND IMPRISONED IN GUATEMALA Fierce Persecutions are Being Enforced © By ARMINUS GEORGE J, TARIES. (Worker Correspondent) TESTEPEQUE, Salvador—(By, Mail) —The anti-labor drive strated by. the American imperialists thru, their agents, the puppet presidents of the Central American Republics, following the affairs in Panama in October last, continues here with ruthless fury, - The United Fruit company, the American prototype of the " Bnglish East Indian company, is determined to crush all who stand in its way to eco- nomic and political domination.” Lest the call of the workérs’ Who fell in the “Plaza” of Panama’ City, last Octobér, would be heard by’ the enslaved workers of Guatemala, 'Dic- tator Orellana, faithful servant ‘of the American’ capitalists, by a stroke of his pen, declared all the militant labor organizations in the country illegal. The unions were quickly crushed, the documents confiscated and’ leaders and members alike persecuted with a severity that would make the de- parted czars of old Russia turn in their graves. Comrade A, F. Marte, leader of the Communist movement was imprison- ed, then deported to Salvador and M. C. Morales, active member of the anti-imperialist movement, was seized by the police on the evening of Dec. 10, imprisoned, and at 10 o'clock the same night put in an automobile un- der heavy guard and taken to the frontier of San Salvador, The only charge against hith “was that he ‘had taken part in a protest meeting conducted by the students of Guatemala University, Meetings and demonstrations’ are now forbidden and the most strict een- sor is. kept on the press, Shigging by. hired thugs, imprisonment and ‘de- portation are given those who daré to raise their voice in protest ‘against these high-handed actions of the gov- ernment; for the government ‘ts’ ‘con- trolled, by the American capitalists and they, are resolved to crush ‘all who stand in their path, Worker Correspondence will make The DAILY WORKER a better paper send in a story about your shop. vt off} HOW CUDAHY HIRES HIS HELP FOR WISCONSIN PLANT IS TOLD’ BY A WORKER CORRESPONDENT By W. » Worker Correspondent, CUDAHY, Wis., Jan, 14.—As I had been out of work for several months fn Omaha and after arriving in St. Paul, Minn,, I could not find or buy a job In the the sign read: “Butchers, knifemen and laborers | answered the “shar! wanted. Free fare.” ughter houses there, I was attracted to an employment agency where -—_— “Forty hour is paid if you guarantee and fare . After reading the sign I walked in| stay ninety days.” employment agency wondering ww it was that a slaughter-house ' pould be looking for help in the dull At the shark's of T was bold the job was at Cudahy, Wis, “What do they pay for ene there?” Puts Out The Bait. “From 47% to 72 cents an hour,” “Do they guarantee ninety days work?” I asked, as many of ‘anne Places get you there, keep couple of weeks and let you go. “¥es,” answered the shark, there all the year round.” ) | there any strike?” ; Be shi trouble at all.” ms | After paying the “shark” five dol- SHE WAS WORN OUT (By a Worker Correspondent.) times I wonder if any other workers are subjected to such slavery as a housemaid. A housemaid is always com- Her work is of many different kinds; cooking, waiting on table, cleaning house, dusting furniture, polishing silver- ware, etc. She is always oppressed with the fear of whether her work is satisfactory, or whether she will be again reminded of neglecting this or that. Sensing this feeling she is always driven to do her best. She works until 8:00 o’clock in the evening, often even later, other work- ers have an eight-hour day, but she hasn't. Sundays she is not free until late in the afternoon. Just recently our neighbor had one of those so-called perfect housemaids. The matrons of the community used her as an example, or a standard ac- cording to which they wanted their own maids to be. The seeming atti- tude of them toward her was, that they thought of her very much, even loved her. This woman was a courteous and obedient slave. She obeyed every im- pulse of her matron to the least de tail. She slaved from early morning until late at night, the only bright spots in her life being at night, when she could stretch her toil-worn limbs ~-and drift into slumberland. - But even that could not continue long, after a short time this woman became ill, so that she was unable to move from her bed, and a doctor was called. He told her that she would be unable to work for years. She had exhausted all her energies, all that was left was a ruined health with its terrible pains. Now the praise and admiration of the matrons became meaningless, she was only in the way. Their only thought was a means by which they could get rid of her, so that a new servant could take her place. That is the kind of necessities we working women are, the only posses- sion we have is our energy which we apply thoughtlessly, We compete with each other in order to insure us a live- lihood, If the mistresses find out that there is some one more obedient than we are, they discharge us. References are demanded from pre- vious employers here in Oakland be- fore they even consider our applica- tions. In order to do that we must patiently obey the matrons’ every whim and desire. The agents, who thru the telephone recommend us to the employer, do it in the same manner as other busi- ness are conducted or as they do with something that is for sale. They give the age, appearance, etc. It seems a shame to be endowed with human sentiments to see and hear all of it. To these grievances we cannot ex- pect any remedy as long as we act as individuals. We must unite our ef- forts to fight fot our own interests, it is the duty of everyone of us to join the Workers (Communist) Party thru which we can gather the mas- ses to action. Working class liter- ature and newspapers are the wea- pons with which we must fight. Thru them our eyes will be opened to the true light of our condition, Jars for the job, I was sent to their branch office in Minneapolis from where I was told I would be put on a train for Cudahy, Wis. At Minneapolis, I was met by the manager of the employment office and he searched thru my baggage to satis- fy himself that I was not a union man. After he had searched my satchel, 1 was put on the train with ten others, After riding on the train all night we arrived at Cudahy, which is named after the Cudahy packing plant locat- ed there. Cudahy and the Federal Rubber company run the town to suit | nm themselves. shi Here we were met by one of the Cu- dahy bosses who told us not to stray @| away or else we would lose our five dollars and miss breakfast. “They | walking for a long time we were to a Zisexetons “hotel” which is run The Cre gee more than three shacks (something like those in oe ees - Workers’ Life |SMAHA 44 THE DAFEY WORKER NEW YORK HAS DAILY WORKER BIRTHDAY PARTY Workers Jam Yorkville Casino By A Worker Correspondent NEW YORK, Jan. 14. — That The DAILY WORKER is very highly ap- preciated by the toiling masses of this city was splendidly demonstrated at the second.,.anniversary jubilee when the Yorkville Casino was filled to. capacity by enthusiastic partic- ipants who showed how happy they were on this memorable occasion. Comrade Krumbein as chairman handled the affair in a masterly man- ner and the success of the program was assured as soon as the Hungarian Workers’ Symphony Orchestra had rendered their two numbers, “The In- “YARDS” WORKERS GREET DAILY WORKER Hail “Daily” As Their Fighting Paper By A Worker Correspondent OMAHA, Nebr., Jan, 14.—Distribu- tlon of The DAILY WORKER at the packing houses in South Omaha went over with a whoop. We had four com- rades on the job, two of them young girls. The papers were gladly accept- ed by the workers and soon little groups congregated on the side walks, in barber shops and pool halls discuse- ing the story in The DAILY WORKER, The next morning the workers were on the lookout for the distributors, and soon they were waiting for the papers to be handed out to them. On this day we had two boys helping in the distribution and they were enthus- jastic about the job. A number of workers offered to pay the boys for ternational” and “Hymn of Free Rus- sia.” The violin saisctions by Elfrieda Boss carried t#@ audience to their feet and made thé event an occasion to be rememberéa for years to come. She had the spirit of the new life that only one whose wt is in the revolu- tion can have [if was easily under- stood that her " in Leningrad had the paper, showing that they appre- ciated the efforts that were being made. Barbers and pool hall owners came to get The DAILY WORKER and the whole south side seemed to be interested in what was going on. We noticed a number of workers with the earlier issue in their pockets, much the worse from wear in being passed from hand to hand, or of resulted in the #quisition of an art! heing read over and over again, Of that the old systtm of capitalism in| course, we had @ call from the office the outside world cannot inspire. force at Armour’s. A young fellow Tilda Schocket was supreme in Her] was sent out to see what we had the dances, and the representation of|first day, the next day they wanted “The Toiler” reached a point in the}a copy for the foreman, superintend- art of dancing that is seldom if ever|ent and general manager. Thru the seen on the stage. window we could see the office force The subscription talk by J. O.| grouped around the paper all busy Bentall resulted in a liberal hustle for| reading it. enrollment on the list of The DAILY| The great majority of the workers WORKER. “The ezar’s papers of Rus-| were intensely interested in the sia are no more, but the Pravda and|stories and campaign of The DAILY Isvestia are circulated among the] WORKER. Only a very few of the 160,000,000 workers of Russia today,”| native-born workers, probably home said Bentall, “atid’‘we shall see the]owners, refused the paper, and one day in America When the New York]even threw it away. Some of those Times and World’ and the Chicago] workers appeared curious about the Tribune shall be‘‘no more, but The| Paper but were apparently intimidat- DAILY WORKER #nd other papers of |°d by the fear of being seen by the the workers of th¥s' country shall take | boss. their place.” als Comrade Gitlow Showed in his clear way how great thie’ power of the cap- italist press is dVer the people and what a necessarf’ task we have in building up our ddily press. A hearty response to Gitlow' fd appeal for funds was made. The Freiheit “Sfiiging Society fin- ished the ‘dn a most fitting n i 2 ses went home ig enjoyed one of and instructive concerts that has, been staged by the labor movement ip this city, Russian Co-gperative Society to ‘Celebrate _ Third Year « on Sunday |c By A Waste parcicenodane The Russian ,Qgoperative Society of Chicago will,.cglebrate the third year of its existence Sunday, Jan. 17, at Shoenhofen hell, cor, Milwaukee and Ashland Aves., with a concert and dance, The society was organized three years ago by a group of members of the Society for Technical Aid to Soviet | Russia. The purpose of the society was to open up a restaurant where the members could get fresh food at low prices. It did not intend to go into the restaurant business on a large scale, but the membership of the society and the number of patron- izers of the restaurant that was open- ed up at 1734 W. so rapidly and topk on such that a surplus of money accumulated in spite of the fact that food at a cheap- er price was served The society then decided the open up another restau- rant which is now’ functioning at 760 Milwaukee Ave, During the three” years of its exist- ence the society aftfed materially the Russian children’s schools, the Work- ers’ House and other similar labor in- stitutions. The proceeds of the celebration to be held Sunday ‘will be divided be tween the federation of the Russian children’s school and the Workers’ House. Beginning at 4 p. m. tickets in ad- vance 60 cents, atythe doors 75 cents. After the conce) mission, 50 cents, a lumber camp.) One MP MEME a ismsss sions, Wa voce cain’ be: Gea. sustetac] eonmess'chd Gedlstidabdlne poupessti' and ai Kar Schl clues cacaa the shacks {s the dining room and the other two are the sleeping quarters, This “hotel’ was used at one time as a barracks for soldiers and was later turned over to the Cudahy meat packers, All of the beds are set close to each other. There are about 300 or 400 beds placed in these two bar- racks with one stove to heat the en- tire room. In order to go to bed we had to climb over the ends. The beds were seldom cleaned and were alive with vermin. At night you can hear the rats ing away under the floor. The are cold and the accommoda- tions are poor for putting away your clothes at night. After giving us +a cold breakfast of some of the left-over food of the reg- ular morning crew we were brought to the superintendent. Our names were taken down, we were handed a badge. There was no medical examination nor any other examina- Division street grew | There were many who greeted the distributors after the first day with, “Thank you,” or “Good boy, that’s a real paper.” Some said “When you start the organization, we will be ready.” The DAILY WORKER campaign has found a responsive chord among the packing house workers of Omaha Mother Correspondents in Street Nuclei Will Write for Daily Worker (Worker Correspondent) Street nucleus No. 21 of Chicago, at its last meeting has appointed two correspondents to attend the class on Thursday evening. One a mother correspondent and the other a work- er correspondent. The idea of mother correspondence as a street nucleus function sponsored by one of the members of the nucleus met with enthusiasm by the comrades. There were mothers present who said they were often moved to write about the deplorable conditions ex- isting in Chicago public schools and that now they will make an effort te do 80, Many possibilities for king The DAILY WORKER drive more effect- ive in the house to house distribu- tion campaign in the contributions that can be sent by the mother and housewife were enumerated in the dis- cussion. It is expected that these jarticles will get the interest of the mother and the woman in the home. Other woman comrades, mothers and housewives, are urged to send in their contributions to this mother’s section. It would, of course, be helpful to attend the class but even if they cannot attend the class, they are assured that the utmost consideration will be given their articles and they will be put in shape for publication. Perhaps you lacked confidence in yourself before. Don't let that keep you from writing now. If you have a story to tell, let nothing stop you from telling it, we'll see to it that the working class mothers and women of Chicago hear it. Send your contributions to the Ed- itor of The DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Il. tion. We were told by the superin- tendent to punch the time clock and go on the killing floor. The new superintendent called a meeting of the workers and had them all sit down on the green grass out- side their “hotel” and he then started to tell them how wonderful a country this was and how the Cudahy plant was growing bigger and bigger. He didn’t tell them it was wrung out of the sweat and blood of the worke: and that he was not in favor of hav- ing the ten-hour day, but there were times when there were too many hogs to be slaughtered in eight hours and it would be necessary to work longer. He then asked them to vote on the proposition, Vote Down 10Hour Day. The working force, consisting of Poles, Austrians;« Germans, a few Irish and one even tho they had no union and, were unorganized, refused to let themselves be fooled aud voted for the eight-hour day, and H = Page Five THE SECOND PRIZE WINNER. AMALGAMATED OFFICIALS JOIN A. F. OF L. IN : THAT THE By NELLIE HALPERIN, FALSE CHARGE T. U. E. L. 1S “DUAL” Worker Correspondent. The reactionaries in the trade union movement have many and various methods of attacking and trying to disc adopted by the bureaucrats is use of the pretext that the left wingers want to redit the rank and file. One method break up the present union organizations and establish dual unions: Such false charges are used to divert the rank and file from real issues. When the progressives put forward demands that are in the interests of the workers, the reactionary officials raise the cry of “dual unionism.” This makes it difficult for progressives to¢—— = - win the confidence of the rank and|of its name. I wonder what made filers for real working class policies.| Brother Hillman support so many de- Before the rank and file learns the | mands of the left wing at various con- game the bureaucrats play, the pro-| ventions in the days when he still gressives are forced to stand all kinds | professed to he fighting exploitation of misrepresentation and persecution. | and reaction? Did Brother Hillman Now Openly Reactionary. at that time think that those demands a The Amalgamated Clothing Work-|were destructive and would lead te ers’ leaders have also fallen in line |dual unionism? with these reactionary tactics. At The left wing of the Amalgamated last the left wing has forced the Hill-|has not changed ‘ts policies; it still man administration to show its real/ stands against wage-cuts, whether di- colors. The general executive board | rect or in the form of re-adjustments, had its quarterly meeting December | against | class-collaboration, against 18 to 23, In the January 1st issue|terrorism by officials. It stands for of ‘the Advance, its whole contents | amalgamation of all the needle trades? were spiced with reaction and ani-|for shop committees, for real insur- mousity towards the left wingers, | aspecially in the statement concern- ing’ the G. E, B. sessions. | The official statement of the G. BE.) B. concerning the New York situation, | as quoted, was as follows: “The union views the group that is now leading the opposition in this city | not as a right or left movement in the Amalgamated, but as a group organ-! ized by outsiders for the purpose of wrecking the Amalgamated. Whether thismovement is called the Trade | Union Educational League or Action Committee or by any other name, the general executive board looks upon these activities as nothing less than dual unionism.” The charge that the left wing is or- ganized by outsiders, does not hold| ground. Due to the fact that you are | expelling all the leading opposition how could you expel them if they were not in the Amalgamated? Brother Hillman knows very well what dual unionism is. He knows, | too, that the T. U. B. L. stands for | building up the Amalgamated; it stands for making the union worthy ance for the unemployed, for organ- ization of the unorganized. Deceit Won’t Work Forever. Brother Hillman, you and your |Salutskys know’ that the policies of |the left wingers mean raising the liv- ing standards, ‘raising the class-con- sciousness, of our members; you know that the Jeft wingers will build up American trade unionism in spite of your provocation and persecution. |The left wing is determined to carry |sressives win their support, on the class struggle for the workers, It will not be long before the pro- because the workers cannot help but see that they are the only ones standing for the working class. The workers will see that the Hill- mans and Johnstons have outlived their usefulness as representatives of organized labor like Sigman in the I. L. G. They will see that the left wingers are always ready to carry on the struggle against the exploiters, while their reactionaries are trying to find comfort thru class-collaboration, keeping the workers at “peace” at the price of their bread. ef$We-—— By ROBERT MACKLIN, (Worker Correspondent.) | NEW YORK, Jan. 14, — Comrade | Bertram Wolfe, director of the New York Workers’ School, led a very in- structive discussion on the question ‘Whither America?” before an in- tensely interested working class audi- ences in Brownsville, Brooklyn. In developing the subject, Comrade Wolfe: gave a dialectic analysis of American capitalism and the Ameri- can, working class, He pointed out the American pecularities which have had a profound influence upon the labor movement. These were briefly the, following: erica was born a capitalist country, an offshoot of European capi- talism. It had had no feudalism, and so the American working class was not born in a period of revolutionary struggle as the European proletariat was, so that it naturally was devoid of the tradition of struggle. Then there did not develop a continuous working class. “There was a new working class each generation due to the different waves of immigration (Irish, German, Jewish, Italian,) each one going thru a period of intense class struggle yet failing to hand down the memories of these struggles as a tradition because of the fact that due to specific Amer- ican conditions such as the gold rush- es, the free land movement, the nu- merous opportunities to open up busi- nesses, etc., large portions of each class of immigrants forgot the class struggle as they crept out of the work- ing class, while the new wave of im- migrants had to start all over again the class struggle in America. ll this prevented the continuous. devel- opment of the American workers along lines of class struggle, prevent- ed the development of class conscious- ness. “But since 1900 the United States began to change rapidly. As a great agricultural nation it had been the granary of the world. It now was be coming the workshop of the world, replacing England and the ambitions of its capitalist masters was that it shall become the clearing house of the world, an ambition fully realized after the world war. 1900 saw the Ce ee ence ee oe 208 Raw the Dette: | erent: militarist nation.) against the superintendents proposals’ by a vote of 7 to 1. Those who voted for the longer workday were the floaters who wanted to get in as many hours as they could and then get away. The workers who work here steady refused to fall for the Cudahy dope, Red Tape to Get Dollar. Payday came twice a month. If the worker came to work in between pay- days, he had to wait three weeks be- fore he got paid. Before payday, if a worker wanted to draw some money, he could get a dollar or two, but he had to go thru so much red tape that it was easier to go without. After working three weeks, payday came around and when the company took out our board, railroad fare and a few other items we had just barely enough money to go to Chicago, It was said by many of those who lived in Cudahy, that the company got reduced rates on all the workers they and} hired and had brought to the plant American Imperialism Defined ning of giant trusts, and as a reflex the trust busting movements led by popular muckrakers such as Roose- velt, LaFollette, Hearst, Ida Tarbell, Charles Edward Russell, etc, “It was during this -period that the socialist party grew rapidly and in- cluded in its ranks a variety of ele- ments expressing not so much a ment forward toward socialism Wut rather the historically backward trust busting movement. In spite of this the trusts grew steadily powerful, es- pecially so under ‘the cloak of patriot- ism during the period of the world war with its preparedness campaigns, its red cross, and salvation army drives, liberty loan camipaigns, all sponsored by the “trusts; the dollar a year men and their committees com- posed almost entirely of prominent corporation officials, etc., ete. Muck- raking stopped especially thru the aid of postmaster censorship of the mick- raking press, and the trusts emerged * not only controlling the government but the whole economic life of Ameri- ca. “All industry and commerce were - trustified and interlocked under the control of the two most powerful banking institutions, J. P, Morgan & Co,, and The National City Bank (the Rockefeller interests). The bour- geoisie themselves changed in char- acter. No longer did they participate in the processes of production, but rather they became a class of “cou- pon clippers” and perhaps even had hirelings clip their coupons for them, The capitalist class had evolved into perfect parasities. The change in American capitalism did not confine itself within the boundaries of the U. 8. but expressed itself on an inter- national scale. It had now become the clearing house of the world, Whereas only a few years ago it owed to foreign countries more than 700 mil- lions, it had now, thanks to the world war, become the world’s creditor to the tune of more than twenty billions. It had most of the nations of the world by the throat, financially and in many cases politically, The Dawes’ plan was obvious proof of this. America rd had become the most powerful impe- rialist’ nation and naturally also a great militarist nation.” ee a TE ES ey a EET and as they deducted the regular train fare from the pay envelopes, they were able to pocket thousands of dol lars every year that way. Conditions were so rotten here that ii there were many workers coming and } going and this arrangement was quite satisfactory to the company, When they hire the worker they tell him that after ninety days he will get his fare paid. But the season does not § last ninety days, If the worker has not left before the ninety days are up, he is fired before the ‘time comes to pay back the money, The men get but 30 minutes for their lunch and as the Blackstone “hotel” is a mile away, they climb over the hog pens, gulp down a badly cooked meal’ and rush back to the plant to sharpen their tools and be ready for work on time. Laborers get 43 cents an hour, all of the knife men 47 cents and the skilled butchers get as high as 72 cents. There are few highly paid workers in the plant.