The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 5, 1925, Page 6

Page Six ‘ THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO, 2118 'W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Il. Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mall (in Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1118 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Illinois J. LOUIS ENGDAHL IMitors WILLIAM F. DUNNE siness Manager MORITZ J. LOEB. Po ct RADARS SR ns ES cc Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- _ cago, Iil., under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising rates on application. This Is Some Apology “the Federated Press is one of the most dignified and punctilious labor ‘services in the United States. It very rarely indulges in levity or veiled sarcasm. But the following “apology” is such a delightful piece of work that it should not remain buried under a bushel but is entitled to the wider platform afforded by publication in the DAILY WORKER: APOLOGY: ‘In exposing a former union labor official who is using his old position to exploit the labor movement in an oil- stock promotion scheme, The Federated Press mentioned Ches- ter M. Wright, former publicity man for Samuel Gompers, who had also turned oil promoter and was using certain labor mailing lists for his game. The F. P. did not know at the time but has- tens to add now that Wright is no longer engaged in the get- rich-quick promotion business, having returned the stock sub- scription money to such labor men as had responded to his cir- cular letters. This course became advisable when he found it next to impossible to sell enuf stock to float his lease. The F. P. regrets having given the impression that Wright was still in ‘the oil game. He is in Washington once more. Poor old Chester hit the sawdust trail because the suckers would not bite. What beautiful literature he wrote about the big profits to be made from his oily oil wells! Chester never spread himself against the Communists as he did in painting the gushing glory of his gasoline El Dorado. He even forgot the Communists for a while. But alas, the dollars did not come and we hear of Chester again saving the country from Bolshevism. Craft and Graft Unionism The columns of the capitalist press frequently carry advertise- ments for strikebreakers. The copy is set up by union. men, read by union proofreaders, made up by union compositors, east by union stereotypers and printed by union pressmen. This is not umionism or anything like it. Yet it is it the most obvious weakness of the craft union system and the lack of solidarity that prevails between the various crafts. Yesterday the Chicago Tribune carried advertisements for cloth- ing workers to take the places of the employes of a tailoring company who were on strike. The advertisements had the sanction of a union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor. In a New York paper an advertisement calls for pressmen. ‘to take the places of those who are on strike or locked out by a Chicago print- ing company. The advertisement comes from.a well-knownsdeiective agency and is sanctioned by George L. Berry, head of the:Interna- tional Printing Pressmen and Assistants’ Union. The men who are on strike are members of that union. Those are only a few examples of the wrong kind of tnade union- ism. What is the rank and file going to do about it? Amalgamation Or Annihilation George L. Berry’s agents are now going around among the press- rooms of Chicago urging the pressmen to leave No. 3 and come into an organization that will be formed by the president of the Interna- tional Union. No. 3 has always been a thorn in the “majah’s” side and he is now taking desperate measures to annihilate it. Berry has also warned Franklin Union No. 4, the feeders’ local, that if they hold any more joint meetings with the pressmen, their charter will be lifted. The president of the feeders’ union is a friend of Berry’s. The rank and file of the organization are in opposition to the strikebreaker and are anxious tthat the two unions should amalgamate. This is sound judgment. So long as they are divided Berry and his unscrupulous adventurers may be able to use one local against the other. Berry does not want amalgamation. He wants the annihi- lation of all those who oppose his crookeed schemes. But tho he has temporarily succeeded in retaining the power which he grabbed by a stratagem, his fall is certain. The amalgamation of the two local unions in Chicago is a step in the right direction. The Futile League The league of nations assembly opens its sixth session in Geneva in a few days. Aristide Briand is scheduled to preside at the open- ing session. One of the principal subjects to come before the league will be the peace protocol which was adopted at the last meeting but which has since been practically repudiated by every nation that gave it formal approval. The league of nations was ostensibly organized to promote peace. "Nothing of the sort. In fact it was not intended as a peace instru- “nent. Britain was the dominant factor in the league and desired “*to'use it for her own schemes. France had similar ambitions. Due to the clashing interests of all nations affiliated with it, the league of nations was as helpless as an armless man in a scratching contest. The only thing it could do was to let the bad boys fight it out when they got into a scrap and hope that the best man would win. The sixth convention of the league of nations will meet, indulge “in some oratory, dine and wine and adjourn, just like a eonference of labor fakers called to discuss the high cost of living. Havelock Wilson, head of the British Seamen’s Union was at a banquet with several shipping magnates when he heard that the rank and file refused to accept a wage cut of one pound a month, Just at that moment Lord Crawfish opened a champagne bottle and Wilson fainted. When he revived he inquired anxiously: “Am I badly shot?” “No” replied Lord Crawfish, “not even half enuf. Take another drink.” Al Smith received an autographed photograph from Benito Mus- “ solini. This will insure’ Al the fascist votes in New York City in his battle with Hylan. Al is the fellow that Morris Hilquit said, would make a good goyernor, John D. Rockefeller, Tt, paid over six million dollars in income “tax. But the socialists siy that he has only one vote. like the rest us, therefore we are living under a democracy. By KARL RADEK The. first wave of the Chinese revo- lution has shaken the ranks of world imperialism. It has revealed the exi- stence of profound antagonistic inter- ests among the imperialist powers, Of these we will only mention the most important. British,and Japanese imper- jalism are defending the positions they have captured and the rights they have acquired. American im- perialism, on the other hand, which before the world war had relatively insignificant interests in China, is.now following an uninterrupted upward line of development. It is now be- ginning to penetrate economically in- to China and can therefore, far more than the English and Japanese, rely upon the growing force of its econo- mic powers. The simple fact that Jap- anese goods cannot compete with American goods in quality and in price, the simple fact that the extent of the capital, which is decreasing with every year, that England can in- vest abroad, renders her incapable |of successfully competing with the United States—these facts show how different is the situation of these two main groups of world imperialism. As regard the other imperialist powers, as for instance France and Italy, they consider their positions in the Chinese struggle as objects of exchange in their European affairs. ‘The Germans who by the Versailles Treaty have lost their extra-territorial rights, display a certain amount of malicious joy. They make a virtue of necessity and make use of the. po- sition forced upon them by the Ver- sailles Treaty to extend the influence. But even among those powers who have the greatest interest in main- taining the status quo—England and Japan—one cannot speak of unity of aims and unity of tactics. The Eng- lish press, with the “Times” and the “Daily Telegraph” at the head, is at- tempting to pust Japan into the fore- front as regards the defense of all the robber privileges which imperial- ism has wrung from China. The “Times” of July 6, published a long article under the title “Japan and China” which attempts to prove that here it is a question of life an death for Japan. In this article the whole Chinese revolution is represent- ed as a Russian threat against Japan. “It is not the hostility »0f the Bol- sheviki to England with which Japan must reckon but the growth of Rus- sian influence in China.” In what manner does the growth of this influencé threaten Japan? First, it threatens Japan's military security; second, it threatens Japan’s attempts to transplant her surplus population to China. Experience has shown that Manchuria and Korea are not capable of supporting this surplus population; third, Japan. needs Chin- ese cotton, coal and iron. A third of Japan’s exports go to China. The Chinese market is the most import- ant one for Japan, as access to it is not made difficult thru customs duties. These are the arguments of the “Times,” which, in the opinion of this organ of English imperialism, must compel Japan to become the chief champion of the imperialist in- ?|terests in China. The “Daily Telegraph” which sings the same tune, even went so far as to claim that there existed a danger of war between Japan and America, should Amerita support the Chinese demands. The Americans, when they read this article, probably laughed in their sleeves at the idea that hon- est John Bull is now attempting to compel Japan, whom only three years ago he betrayed in Washington at the first demand of the United States, to fetch the chestnuts out of the fire for England. Of course, at present a Japanese-American war is impos- sible for the simple reason, that Jap- an, who has been weakened by the earthquakes and is dependent upon American credits, is incapable of car- rying on a war, But even regarded from the standpoint of tuture develop- ment we must. *°'*~ Japan any interest in being-wme ‘champion of English interests in China? We doubt very much whether the more or less farseeing Japanese poli- ticlans view the situation in China with the eyes of the “Times.” As re- gards Japanese security, there exist not the least doubt that the Chinese revolution which has aroused the masses of the Chinese people and which has filled the Chinese troops with a new spirit, is decidedly chang- ing the relations of power in the East. Japan must decide: With China or against China. Should Jap- an decide to go hand in hand with the European imperialists against China, then of course the endeavors of China would mean a great danger for Japan. But to go hand in hand with the imperialist powers of Eu- rope and America against China means not only to risk the danger of a war with a great and awakening people, to lose popularity thruout all Asia, but to incur the decided dan- ger of being on the losing side. Among the robbers who are preparing to plunder China, Japan would not be the strongest. Not only that, Ameri- can capital will stake all its cards upon the uniting of China, upon the economic exploitation of the whole of this enormous ate and the Japanese policy rt viding up China could lead in thé future to a conflict with America. It is much more probable that Jap- ad THE DALCY WORKER The World Imperialists and the Chinese Revolution an, after certain hesitations, will play the role of that power :which would enable the Chinese bourgeoisie to or- ganize a powerful state, that Japan will not play the role of the champion of the dividing up of China, but of the policy of co-opetation with the Chinese bourgeoisie. The economic arguments of the “Times” will not hold water. China is still less suited for the settlement of Japanese than Korea and Man- churia, as it is a very thickly populat- ed country. Japanese emigration is tending towards the islands of the Pacific Ocean and not to China. It is true Japan needs China as a mar- ket for her manufactures: Should Jap- an howev@r, take part in the fight against China, she Will’ only render more dffficult her situation in this country, owing to the Jack of any possibility of a new division of China. Japan would be very’ severely hit by a Chinese boycott. Onithe other hand she has everything ‘to gain by co- operation with the*‘ Chinese bour- geoisie, as she is best acquainted with the Chinese market and Chinese hab- its, and can in many respects pro- mote the industrial’! organization of China. ii There is no doubt that the Japan- ese government has hot yet decided upon a sensible policy towards China. It has not yet quite Yealized that the time of the 21 demands is already past, it is still undér the influence of those Japanese cliffves. which are immediately interested in the plun- de.ing of China. The further develop- ment will enlighten the Japanese bourgeoisie as to the growing strength of the Chinese revolution and will compel it to abandon its present pol- icy. The Japanese franchise reform, which is bringing wide circles of the commercial bourgeoisie into contact with state power, will also contribute to this end. At present Japaaese pol- icy is vacillating, but the English will hardly succeed in completely harness- ing Japan to their chariot. With regard to the police of Amer- ica, it would of course, be a great mistake to believe that the Americans would simply renounce the special for- eign courts which secure a privileged position to the foreign capitalists. The majority of American capitalists think just as the English capitalists and are of the opinion that the holy work of the capitalists cannot be un- der the jurisdiction of a court of “Chinese barbarians.” The Americans however, are less keen upon the out- ward form of foreign prestige in China and are ready to grant a num- ber of concessions regarding smail and minor questions which do not affect the American money bags, but which, to some extent, pacify Chinese public opinion, The Americans are making a great fuss over the fact that they are studying the question of extra-territorial rights, in order to show the Chinese the prospects of a way out of the present sithation: ‘“In- troduce proper laws and then we will gladly meet your demands for the abolition of capitalist privileges in China.” As a matter of fact, however, the Americans are endeavoring to get two trumps into their hands; the first trump will consist. in allowing the Chinese customs duties to be raised. This question is exceedingly import- ant for the Chinese bourgeoisie and for the Chinese government. For the Chinese bourgeoisie, because the pre- sent low and uniform tariff has per- mitted the foreign bourgeoisie to over- flood China with its goods. The rais- ing of the customs duties, however, will render it possible for the Chin- ese bourgeoisie to build up its. dwn industry. This, however, is not dan- gerous for America. By means of free competition America will be able to beat the capitalists of other coun- tries, And as regards the growth of Chinese industry, the American bour- geoisie, which has sufficient capital fi port at its disposal, is begin- ning to set up, at a rapid rate, indus- trial undertakings under the protec- tion of the new Chindse customs duties, The second American trump is the granting of loans to China, The pres- ent American ambassador in Pekin, MacMurray, former chief of the Far BHastern department in the American CHINESE STUDENTS’ ALLIANCE TO HOLD CONFERENCE AT SYRACUSE; - “NATIONALISM ANI AND CHINA” THEME SYRACUSE, N.. ¥., Sept. ek bweit twenty-first annual conference of the con! “N 19 Section by the which is to be China.” Why Not Hear Communists? All addresses, forums. and literary efforts will bear upon this theme, and yat the end it is hoped:to embody all findings in one memorandum. Many prominent people have been invited to address the conference, but it is not divulged whether not any Ame- rican Communists hav been asked to appear and present} Communist viewpoint upon “Na bnalism and China.” i The events in ching! lave given the students cause for profound consider- ation of the problems‘ 6f their people in relation to the deyelépment of capi- talist imperialism, and while there is much of athletics, ‘Sports, fun and social affairs on the “program of the conference, the students are due to be tested as to their variance from the insane rah-rah type of Goose Step scholasticism of American students. “The conference,” says the an- nouncement sent out by the officials Of the alliance, “is held at a peculiar time the national affairs at home are becoming graver every day. Because the intellectual class is taking a lead and directing the rising tide of na- tionalism, the prospect is becoming ever brighter.” * No Ambi ity. If this is to mean’ that the cause of national emancipation is to find the intellectual clas#! as ready to do and to die as were ‘the mill workers and house boys whd shed their life blood on Nanking “Road, then the Syracuse student conference will be steering its collective mind in the right direction, But if the concept is fostered that the intellectual class has interests or can have interests opposed “to those of the masses Of workers and peasants of China{Yand that these masses are to be used for and not aided by the inteliéétual class, then the prospects, instéad of becoming “brighter” are decifédly darker for those who see in tite Chinese nation- alist victory over féreign imperialism a forward step in the history of the whole human race.” Some indication ofthe way the sub- ject of the conference is to be dealt with is given in the order of develop- ‘ence theme, nalism and Chinese Students’ Alliance, Eastern Section, will begin here at 2 p. m, Friday, September™4, on the campus of the Syracuse University. The numerous’ delégation is expected to arrive not later than Friday afternoon, as the big céremony of the first day is the evening banquet. interest is aroused among the whole Chinese student body of the Eastern Great LEFT WING NEEDLE TRADES CONFERENCE TO BE HELD SEPT, 19 (Special to The Daily Worker) NEW YORK, Sept. 3—The na- tional needle trades conference of the T. U. E. L. has been postponed until Saturday, Sept. 19 and 20, to be heid at 108 East 14th St., New York City. This postponement has been’ made necessary in order that proper pre- parations may be completed and that a full representation of the left wing from all over the country may be present. At this conference the most burning practical prob- lems of the labor movement will be dealt with and the basis laid down for the next year’s work. It is expected that this conference will be thoroly represented by the various needle trade unions. Every group must be represented Send in credentials of your elected delegates at once. Ba aS as RS RA CLE ing, printed in the announcement as being: “1. What is the background that aroused national consciousness in China? 2. What are the meaning and concepts of nationalism? 3. How to promote nationalism in China?” Subjects Handled. Under debates the following topics suggested to teams are also indica- tive of the trend of the students’ mind in the alliance: “1. Resolved, that, the nationalism sliall be advocat- ed as the educational policy in pres- ent China. 2. Resolved, that Chinese students shall participaée in political affairs. 3. Resolved, that foreign capital shall be used in developing industries in China. 4, Resolved, that the federation system shall be adopt- ed in China rather than the central government system.” An engaging part of the whole con- ference is that Chinese girl students are not only present in numbers but share in intellectual and athletic con- tests with the men, The conference will end Sept. 12. AUSTRALIAN COMMUNISTS URGE ITALIAN IMMIGRANT WORKERS TO/ASK SAME WAGE AS NATIVES (Special to The Daily Worker) BRISBANE, Australia, pt. 3—The Communist Party of Australia has issued a manifesta,to Italian immigrant workers in the sugar plantations of Northern Queensland, asking them not to work for | than the ruling wage and working conditions, warning them that employers are seeking to exploit them be they are new to the country. The manifesto also calls on the Italians to janize with a view to defeating the employers’ move to exploit them also with a view to making common cause with the Aus- trallan working class on all questions. rea thee, \ X foreign ministry, shortly before his appointment, published in the April number of the American periodical ‘Foreign Affairs” an article on the problems of foreign capital in China. In this article he develops the* idea of the creation of an internatfonal bankers’ consortium which would pro- vide China with the necessary funds for the purpose of constructing rail- ways and for other economic under- takings. Such a consortium, declares MacMurray, would free China from the danger of separate actions on the part of the various capitalist groups, who combine the efforts to build rail- ways in China with the effort to di- vide up China. As at present, how- ever, there is no power apart from the United States whieh is capable of granting big loans to’China, the international consortium would only constitute an indication of the growth of American properity in: China. “As regards the abolition of the privileges of the foreigners, the op- position of the foreigners.against this demand is based on the.fact that the Pekin government is weak and that the anarchy which prevafis-in China renders the immediate. , abolition of these privileges impossible. It must not be assumed -that- they will be soon abolished.» But the simple fact such a reform opens up to China the of the discussion of the possibility of prospect of attaining a speedy inde- pendence from foreign control.*)” Thus wrote the “Journal of Com- merce” an influential New York finan- cial _paper, on the 3rd of July. American diplomacy is fighting for this program in the negotiations which it is conducting with English and Japanese diplomacy, For the time being all are agreed that the central problem for them consists in the set- ting up of a Chinese government which will be capable of fighting the growing national movement. In the article from the “Times” of the 6th of July, which we have al- ready quoted, the way is indicated which the great powers will in all probability follow. This article states that Japan does not think of the pos- sibility of setting up-a strong Chinese ar government ‘by means of a national conference. “Who is to take part in this confer- ence? The military governors who have brot China-into its present sit- uation- Many of them are not even endeavoring to consolidate their own power. They only collect funds with which they then settle in the treaty ports. The Pekin politicians on the other hand only represent themselves and their wishes, They would very willingly sell themselves as well as China. The students understand neither the outer world nor China with her 400 million peasants. The officials, bankers, business people would give expression to patriotic views, but which they cannot real- ize*).” Where then is the point of support to be found? *Now such a point of support exists: “Chang Tso Lin possesses certain qualities which win him respect. He governs Manchuria well, he is at pres- ent the strongest military governor of China. Should he succeed in arriv- ing at. an agreement. with Wu Pei Fu, then he could break the influence of Feng Yu Hsiang and rule over North- ern and Central.China, As an. open problem there would then remain the red government in Canton. It is true, one cannot solve all the Chinese prob- lems at once. Should a Chinese gov- ernment arise, possessing authority in Northern and Central China, this would mean a great step towards the stabalizing of China*).” This program is put forward by the “Times”. as the program of Japan. But in reality it is the program of England, and forces are already to be seen which are endeavoring to make it also the program of America. The plan of the imperialists there- fore, consists in opposing the Chin- ese revolutionary movement with a military government which is to be supported by the upper section of the Chinese bourgeoisie, which has been bought with loans and concessions, and whcih would be capable of. sup- pressing the revolutionary movement, *Retranslated from the Russian. Execution of Comrade ' Naftali. (Communication ‘péceived by the I. R. A. from’ Warsaw.) It is five minutés past 12. As yet no reply from Warsaw, and so Com- rade Botvin will executed in ten minutes. ‘ Elbowing my‘ way ‘thru ‘the crowd at the prison gates’ I present my docu- ments and entef'the-prison yard. A dark, narrow passage between two prison buildifi#s against the window panes of which thé prisoners faces are pressed. A tiring and yet another turning—and I have before me a small yeard ending in a ttarrow outlet. This is the placevof execution. All the prelimi arrangements are already made.fiUnder a grey and dilapidated wall alliasse is stand- ing erect to prevent a rebound—in front of the mat is a chair, and that is all the condemned person needs for his last*journey. The small area~not-more than 40 steps across is’stirrounded by a close semi-circle of policemen and prison guards. Within the semi-circle is a platoon of soldiers of the 26th regiment and a small group of witnesses: The Pub- lic Prosecutor Tzibuliak, some mem- bers of the court, a few reporters and officials, police agents and officers, ses It is ten past 12. The tension is growing. All eyes are turned on the empty place in front of the arm chair and are finally turned towards the im- movable figures of the soldiers with rifles pointed at attention. Next to me someone relates in a broken voice particulars about Com- rade Botvin’s frame of mind on his return from the court. He was calm, he spoke soothingly to his mother. He refused the serv- ices of the rabbi, declaring that only servile creatures believe in religion. He drank two glasses of wine. He told his counsel, Asker, who tried to aks him courage, “not to waste his time.” It is 12 minutes past twelve. I have a slight choking sensation in the throat. - Death, certain death will come the next minute, it will come calmly and with relentless in- evitability. Someone is nervously lighting a cigarette, someone else is wiping his glasses mechanically, Suddenly from the passage thru which Botyin is to come a voice is heard singing the “Red Flag.” Bot- vin appears in the yard surrounded by police. Mechanically, like a marionette, he takes up his stand in front of the arm- chair, takes up an erect position and puts his arms down. He is a distance of 15 steps from me. He looks almost the same as on the day when I saw him in court. Hatless and collarless he puts his crooked legs a little apart and looks with his small eyes at the muzzle of the rifles. He does not show any sign of nervousness. But clese scrutiny shows that he is breathin; heavily. From time to time he moves his pale lips as if he wor like to say some- thing. Then lo ing round the close semt-circle of, bayonets he shakes his thas alt tn on tage * Botwin He regains calm and lowers his head slowly as if extremely surprised at something. ‘The place of execution has a’ sinis- ter aspect, squashed in between they high prison buildings. * * ° Judge Malinovsky reads the sen- tence of the court. When asked if he has a last request.to make Botvin gives answer in the negative. A dead silence reigns such.as is only possible in the face of death. I heard the heart Naftali Botwin The 19-year-old member of the Young Communist League of Poland executed for the alleged assassination of the provocateur Cechnovski, Sie beats of the people next to.me. The muzzles of the rifles are slowly low- ered. Then the glitter of the sword gives the signal and a stifled cry: “DOWN— DOWN WITH THE BOURGEOISIE LONG LIVE THE SOCIAL REVOLU- TION.” A second later—the hollow sound of the rifles. s & A blood red foam spurted ont of the skull pierced by five bullets, Without a groan, without a move- ment, Botvin fell heavfly to the ground face downwards. The bullets had smashed the back of the sieull, the brain splashed on the palliasse on the ground and armchair. Beside the corpse there was a pool of blood. » Attendants from among the prison- ers entered the yard and placed the dead body into a box. French Cabinet Approves : PARIS, Sept. 8—The French cabin- et today unantmously approved the nominations made by M. finance minister, for the members. of the delegation to accompany him to Washington on September 16, to ne- gotiate the settlement of the French: debt to the ‘United States, : = ~~. —